1
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Meyer-Gerards C, Bazzi H. Developmental and tissue-specific roles of mammalian centrosomes. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38935637 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Centrosomes are dominant microtubule organizing centers in animal cells with a pair of centrioles at their core. They template cilia during interphase and help organize the mitotic spindle for a more efficient cell division. Here, we review the roles of centrosomes in the early developing mouse and during organ formation. Mammalian cells respond to centrosome loss-of-function by activating the mitotic surveillance pathway, a timing mechanism that, when a defined mitotic duration is exceeded, leads to p53-dependent cell death in the descendants. Mouse embryos without centrioles are highly susceptible to this pathway and undergo embryonic arrest at mid-gestation. The complete loss of the centriolar core results in earlier and more severe phenotypes than that of other centrosomal proteins. Finally, different developing tissues possess varying thresholds and mount graded responses to the loss of centrioles that go beyond the germ layer of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Meyer-Gerards
- Department of Cell Biology of the Skin, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
- The Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
- Graduate School for Biological Sciences, University of Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Hisham Bazzi
- Department of Cell Biology of the Skin, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
- The Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
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2
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D’Gama PP, Jeong I, Nygård AM, Trinh AT, Yaksi E, Jurisch-Yaksi N. Ciliogenesis defects after neurulation impact brain development and neuronal activity in larval zebrafish. iScience 2024; 27:110078. [PMID: 38868197 PMCID: PMC11167523 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cilia are slender, hair-like structures extending from cell surfaces and playing essential roles in diverse physiological processes. Within the nervous system, primary cilia contribute to signaling and sensory perception, while motile cilia facilitate cerebrospinal fluid flow. Here, we investigated the impact of ciliary loss on neural circuit development using a zebrafish line displaying ciliogenesis defects. We found that cilia defects after neurulation affect neurogenesis and brain morphology, especially in the cerebellum, and lead to altered gene expression profiles. Using whole brain calcium imaging, we measured reduced light-evoked and spontaneous neuronal activity in all brain regions. By shedding light on the intricate role of cilia in neural circuit formation and function in the zebrafish, our work highlights their evolutionary conserved role in the brain and sets the stage for future analysis of ciliopathy models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Percival P. D’Gama
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skalgssons gate 1, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Inyoung Jeong
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skalgssons gate 1, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreas Moe Nygård
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skalgssons gate 1, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anh-Tuan Trinh
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Algorithms in the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Emre Yaksi
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Algorithms in the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University School of Medicine, Davutpaşa Caddesi, No:4, Topkapı 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skalgssons gate 1, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Algorithms in the Cortex, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
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3
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Ma R, Chen L, Hu N, Caplan S, Hu G. Cilia and Extracellular Vesicles in Brain Development and Disease. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:1020-1029. [PMID: 37956781 PMCID: PMC11087377 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Primary and motile cilia are thin, hair-like cellular projections from the cell surface involved in movement, sensing, and communication between cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles secreted by cells and contain various proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that are delivered to and influence the behavior of other cells. Both cilia and EVs are essential for the normal functioning of brain cells, and their malfunction can lead to several neurological diseases. Cilia and EVs can interact with each other in several ways, and this interplay plays a crucial role in facilitating various biological processes, including cell-to-cell communication, tissue homeostasis, and pathogen defense. Cilia and EV crosstalk in the brain is an emerging area of research. Herein, we summarize the detailed molecular mechanisms of cilia and EV interplay and address the ciliary molecules that are involved in signaling and cellular dysfunction in brain development and diseases. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical use of cilia and EVs in brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningyun Hu
- Millard West High School, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
| | - Guoku Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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4
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Jurisch-Yaksi N, Wachten D, Gopalakrishnan J. The neuronal cilium - a highly diverse and dynamic organelle involved in sensory detection and neuromodulation. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:383-394. [PMID: 38580512 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Cilia are fascinating organelles that act as cellular antennae, sensing the cellular environment. Cilia gained significant attention in the late 1990s after their dysfunction was linked to genetic diseases known as ciliopathies. Since then, several breakthrough discoveries have uncovered the mechanisms underlying cilia biogenesis and function. Like most cells in the animal kingdom, neurons also harbor cilia, which are enriched in neuromodulatory receptors. Yet, how neuronal cilia modulate neuronal physiology and animal behavior remains poorly understood. By comparing ciliary biology between the sensory and central nervous systems (CNS), we provide new perspectives on the functions of cilia in brain physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skalgssons gate 1, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Department of Biophysical Imaging, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jay Gopalakrishnan
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07740 Jena, Germany
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5
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Toli EA, Kemppainen P, Bounas A, Sotiropoulos K. Genetic insight into a polygenic trait using a novel genome-wide association approach in a wild amphibian population. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17344. [PMID: 38597332 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Body size variation is central in the evolution of life-history traits in amphibians, but the underlying genetic architecture of this complex trait is still largely unknown. Herein, we studied the genetic basis of body size and fecundity of the alternative morphotypes in a wild population of the Greek smooth newt (Lissotriton graecus). By combining a genome-wide association approach with linkage disequilibrium network analysis, we were able to identify clusters of highly correlated loci thus maximizing sequence data for downstream analysis. The putatively associated variants explained 12.8% to 44.5% of the total phenotypic variation in body size and were mapped to genes with functional roles in the regulation of gene expression and cell cycle processes. Our study is the first to provide insights into the genetic basis of complex traits in newts and provides a useful tool to identify loci potentially involved in fitness-related traits in small data sets from natural populations in non-model species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet-Aspasia Toli
- Molecular Ecology & Conservation Genetics Lab, Department of Biological Applications & Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Petri Kemppainen
- Area of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong City, Hong Kong SAR
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anastasios Bounas
- Molecular Ecology & Conservation Genetics Lab, Department of Biological Applications & Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Sotiropoulos
- Molecular Ecology & Conservation Genetics Lab, Department of Biological Applications & Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Hong J, Kwon KY, Jang DG, Kwon T, Yoon H, Park TJ. Mebendazole preferentially inhibits cilia formation and exerts anticancer activity by synergistically augmenting DNA damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116434. [PMID: 38513592 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The cilium is a microtubule-based organelle that plays a pivotal role in embryonic development and maintenance of physiological functions in the human body. In addition to their function as sensors that transduce diverse extracellular signals, including growth factors, fluid flow, and physical forces, cilia are intricately involved in cell cycle regulation and preservation of DNA integrity, as their formation and resorption dynamics are tightly linked to cell cycle progression. Recently, several studies have linked defects in specific ciliary proteins to the DNA damage response. However, it remains unclear whether and how primary cilia contribute to cancer development. Mebendazole (MBZ) is an anthelmintic drug with anticancer properties in some cancer cells. MBZ is continuously being tested for clinical studies, but the precise mechanism of its anticancer activities remains unknown. Here, using Xenopus laevis embryos as a model system, we discovered that MBZ significantly hinders cilia formation and induces DNA damage. Remarkably, primary cilium-bearing cancer cells exhibited heightened vulnerability to combined treatment with MBZ and conventional anticancer drugs. Our findings shed light on the specific influence of MBZ on cilia, rather than cytosolic microtubules, in triggering DNA damage, elucidating a previously unidentified mechanism underlying potential MBZ-mediated cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Yeong Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gil Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejoon Kwon
- Department of Biological Medical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Haejin Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Rao L, Gennerich A. Structure and Function of Dynein's Non-Catalytic Subunits. Cells 2024; 13:330. [PMID: 38391943 PMCID: PMC10886578 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynein, an ancient microtubule-based motor protein, performs diverse cellular functions in nearly all eukaryotic cells, with the exception of land plants. It has evolved into three subfamilies-cytoplasmic dynein-1, cytoplasmic dynein-2, and axonemal dyneins-each differentiated by their cellular functions. These megadalton complexes consist of multiple subunits, with the heavy chain being the largest subunit that generates motion and force along microtubules by converting the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work. Beyond this catalytic core, the functionality of dynein is significantly enhanced by numerous non-catalytic subunits. These subunits are integral to the complex, contributing to its stability, regulating its enzymatic activities, targeting it to specific cellular locations, and mediating its interactions with other cofactors. The diversity of non-catalytic subunits expands dynein's cellular roles, enabling it to perform critical tasks despite the conservation of its heavy chains. In this review, we discuss recent findings and insights regarding these non-catalytic subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Rao
- Department of Biochemistry and Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Arne Gennerich
- Department of Biochemistry and Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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8
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Jayakumaran J, Smaldone GC. In Vivo Deposition of High-Flow Nasal Aerosols Using Breath-Enhanced Nebulization. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:182. [PMID: 38399243 PMCID: PMC10891871 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aerosol delivery using conventional nebulizers with fixed maximal output rates is limited and unpredictable under high-flow conditions. This study measured regulated aerosol delivery to the lungs of normal volunteers using a nebulizer designed to overcome the limitations of HFNC therapy (i-AIRE (InspiRx, Inc., Somerset, NJ, USA)). This breath-enhanced jet nebulizer, in series with the high-flow catheter, utilizes the high flow to increase aerosol output beyond those of conventional devices. Nine normal subjects breathing tidally via the nose received humidified air at 60 L/min. The nebulizer was connected to the HFNC system upstream to the humidifier and received radio-labeled saline as a marker for drug delivery (99mTc DTPA) infused by a syringe pump (mCi/min). The dose to the subject was regulated at 12, 20 and 50 mL/h. Rates of aerosol deposition in the lungs (µCi/min) were measured via a gamma camera for each infusion rate and converted to µg NaCl/min. The deposition rate, as expressed as µg of NaCl/min, was closely related to the infusion rate: 7.84 ± 3.2 at 12 mL/h, 43.0 ± 12 at 20 mL/h and 136 ± 45 at 50 mL/h. The deposition efficiency ranged from 0.44 to 1.82% of infused saline, with 6% deposited in the nose. A regional analysis indicated peripheral deposition of aerosol (central/peripheral ratio 0.99 ± 0.27). The data were independent of breathing frequency. Breath-enhanced nebulization via HFNC reliably delivered aerosol to the lungs at the highest nasal airflows. The rate of delivery was controlled simply by regulating the infusion rate, indicating that lung deposition in the critically ill can be titrated clinically at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyanthan Jayakumaran
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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9
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Qureshi MM, Allam N, Im J, Kwon HS, Chung E, Vitkin IA. Advances in laser speckle imaging: From qualitative to quantitative hemodynamic assessment. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300126. [PMID: 37545037 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Laser speckle imaging (LSI) techniques have emerged as a promising method for visualizing functional blood vessels and tissue perfusion by analyzing the speckle patterns generated by coherent light interacting with living biological tissue. These patterns carry important biophysical tissue information including blood flow dynamics. The noninvasive, label-free, and wide-field attributes along with relatively simple instrumental schematics make it an appealing imaging modality in preclinical and clinical applications. The review outlines the fundamentals of speckle physics and the three categories of LSI techniques based on their degree of quantification: qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative. Qualitative LSI produces microvascular maps by capturing speckle contrast variations between blood vessels containing moving red blood cells and the surrounding static tissue. Semi-quantitative techniques provide a more accurate analysis of blood flow dynamics by accounting for the effect of static scattering on spatiotemporal parameters. Quantitative LSI such as optical speckle image velocimetry provides quantitative flow velocity measurements, which is inspired by the particle image velocimetry in fluid mechanics. Additionally, discussions regarding the prospects of future innovations in LSI techniques for optimizing the vascular flow quantification with associated clinical outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Qureshi
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nader Allam
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeongmyo Im
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Euiheon Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- AI Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - I Alex Vitkin
- Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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10
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Rayamajhi D, Ege M, Ukhanov K, Ringers C, Zhang Y, Jung I, D’Gama PP, Li SS, Cosacak MI, Kizil C, Park HC, Yaksi E, Martens JR, Brody SL, Jurisch-Yaksi N, Roy S. The forkhead transcription factor Foxj1 controls vertebrate olfactory cilia biogenesis and sensory neuron differentiation. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002468. [PMID: 38271330 PMCID: PMC10810531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, olfactory receptors localize on multiple cilia elaborated on dendritic knobs of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Although olfactory cilia dysfunction can cause anosmia, how their differentiation is programmed at the transcriptional level has remained largely unexplored. We discovered in zebrafish and mice that Foxj1, a forkhead domain-containing transcription factor traditionally linked with motile cilia biogenesis, is expressed in OSNs and required for olfactory epithelium (OE) formation. In keeping with the immotile nature of olfactory cilia, we observed that ciliary motility genes are repressed in zebrafish, mouse, and human OSNs. Strikingly, we also found that besides ciliogenesis, Foxj1 controls the differentiation of the OSNs themselves by regulating their cell type-specific gene expression, such as that of olfactory marker protein (omp) involved in odor-evoked signal transduction. In line with this, response to bile acids, odors detected by OMP-positive OSNs, was significantly diminished in foxj1 mutant zebrafish. Taken together, our findings establish how the canonical Foxj1-mediated motile ciliogenic transcriptional program has been repurposed for the biogenesis of immotile olfactory cilia, as well as for the development of the OSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Rayamajhi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Mert Ege
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kirill Ukhanov
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Christa Ringers
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yiliu Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Inyoung Jung
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Percival P. D’Gama
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Summer Shijia Li
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Mehmet Ilyas Cosacak
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Dresden, Helmholtz Association, Dresden, Germany
| | - Caghan Kizil
- Department of Neurology and The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Emre Yaksi
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jeffrey R. Martens
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Steven L. Brody
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sudipto Roy
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Wang Y, Yang J, Hu F, Yang Y, Huang K, Zhang K. Cryo-EM reveals how the mastigoneme assembles and responds to environmental signal changes. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202301066. [PMID: 37882754 PMCID: PMC10602792 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202301066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastigonemes are thread-like structures adorning the flagella of protists. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, filamentous mastigonemes find their roots in the flagella's distal region, associated with the channel protein PKD2, implying their potential contribution to external signal sensing and flagellar motility control. Here, we present the single-particle cryo-electron microscopy structure of the mastigoneme at 3.4 Å. The filament unit, MST1, consists of nine immunoglobulin-like domains and six Sushi domains, trailed by an elastic polyproline-II helix. Our structure demonstrates that MST1 subunits are periodically assembled to form a centrosymmetric, non-polar filament. Intriguingly, numerous clustered disulfide bonds within a ladder-like spiral configuration underscore structural resilience. While defects in the mastigoneme structure did not noticeably affect general attributes of cell swimming, they did impact specific swimming properties, particularly under varied environmental conditions such as redox shifts and heightened viscosity. Our findings illuminate the potential role of mastigonemes in flagellar motility and suggest their involvement in diverse environmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fangheng Hu
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kaiyao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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12
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Valamparamban GF, Spéder P. Homemade: building the structure of the neurogenic niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1275963. [PMID: 38107074 PMCID: PMC10722289 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1275963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells live in an intricate cellular environment, the neurogenic niche, which supports their function and enables neurogenesis. The niche is made of a diversity of cell types, including neurons, glia and the vasculature, which are able to signal to and are structurally organised around neural stem/progenitor cells. While the focus has been on how individual cell types signal to and influence the behaviour of neural stem/progenitor cells, very little is actually known on how the niche is assembled during development from multiple cellular origins, and on the role of the resulting topology on these cells. This review proposes to draw a state-of-the art picture of this emerging field of research, with the aim to expose our knowledge on niche architecture and formation from different animal models (mouse, zebrafish and fruit fly). We will span its multiple aspects, from the existence and importance of local, adhesive interactions to the potential emergence of larger-scale topological properties through the careful assembly of diverse cellular and acellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pauline Spéder
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3738, Structure and Signals in the Neurogenic Niche, Paris, France
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13
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Wesselman HM, Arceri L, Nguyen TK, Lara CM, Wingert RA. Genetic mechanisms of multiciliated cell development: from fate choice to differentiation in zebrafish and other models. FEBS J 2023. [PMID: 37997009 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Multiciliated cells (MCCS) form bundles of cilia and their activities are essential for the proper development and physiology of many organ systems. Not surprisingly, defects in MCCs have profound consequences and are associated with numerous disease states. Here, we discuss the current understanding of MCC formation, with a special focus on the genetic and molecular mechanisms of MCC fate choice and differentiation. Furthermore, we cast a spotlight on the use of zebrafish to study MCC ontogeny and several recent advances made in understanding MCCs using this vertebrate model to delineate mechanisms of MCC emergence in the developing kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liana Arceri
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Thanh Khoa Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Caroline M Lara
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Rebecca A Wingert
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN, USA
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14
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Xia T, Umezu K, Scully DM, Wang S, Larina IV. In vivo volumetric depth-resolved imaging of cilia metachronal waves using dynamic optical coherence tomography. OPTICA 2023; 10:1439-1451. [PMID: 38665775 PMCID: PMC11044847 DOI: 10.1364/optica.499927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Motile cilia are dynamic hair-like structures covering epithelial surfaces in multiple organs. The periodic coordinated beating of cilia creates waves propagating along the surface, known as the metachronal waves, which transport fluids and mucus along the epithelium. Motile ciliopathies result from disrupted coordinated cilia beating and are associated with serious clinical complications, including reproductive disorders. Despite the recognized clinical significance, research of cilia dynamics is extremely limited. Here, we present quantitative imaging of cilia metachronal waves volumetrically through tissue layers using dynamic optical coherence tomography (OCT). Our method relies on spatiotemporal mapping of the phase of intensity fluctuations in OCT images caused by the ciliary beating. We validated our new method ex vivo and implemented it in vivo to visualize cilia metachronal wave propagation within the mouse fallopian tube. This method can be extended to the assessment of physiological cilia function and ciliary dyskinesias in various organ systems, contributing to better management of pathologies associated with motile ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kohei Umezu
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Deirdre M Scully
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA
| | - Irina V Larina
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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15
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Huang J, Su X, Jia Q, Chen H, Zeng S, Xu H. Influence of Heat Treatment on Tea Polyphenols and Their Impact on Improving Heat Tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. Foods 2023; 12:3874. [PMID: 37893767 PMCID: PMC10606210 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential mechanism of action of tea polyphenols (TPs), one of the major active ingredients in tea, to enhance heat resistance in Drosophila and the attenuating effect of heat treatment of TPs on their efficacy. The results showed that TPs were able to prolong the average survival time of Drosophila under high-temperature stress (p < 0.05), but the effect of TPs in prolonging the survival time of Drosophila melanogaster was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) with increasing TP heat-treatment time until it disappeared. The composition of TPs changed after heat treatment. It was also shown that the weakening of the effect of TPs in improving the heat tolerance of Drosophila was related to the decrease in the content of catechins and phenolic acids in their fractions as well as with the increase in the content of laccase. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the effect of TPs on heat tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster was closely related to the longevity regulation pathway, the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, and the drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 pathway. Metabolomics analysis showed that the effect of TP intervention in improving the body's heat tolerance was mainly related to amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism. However, thermal processing weakened the relevance of these transcriptomes and metabolomes. The present study reveals the mechanism of action by which heat-treated TPs affect the body's heat tolerance, which is important for the development and utilization of the heat-protection function of tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.H.); (X.S.); (Q.J.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinxin Su
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.H.); (X.S.); (Q.J.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Qiyan Jia
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.H.); (X.S.); (Q.J.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Haoran Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.H.); (X.S.); (Q.J.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shaoxiao Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.H.); (X.S.); (Q.J.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.H.); (X.S.); (Q.J.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
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16
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Zhang H, Yang M, Zhang J, Li L, Guan T, Liu J, Gong X, Yang F, Shen S, Liu M, Han Y. The putative protein kinase Stk36 is essential for ciliogenesis and CSF flow by associating with Ulk4. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23138. [PMID: 37584603 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300481r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Motile cilia lining on the ependymal cells are crucial for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and its dysfunction is often associated with hydrocephalus. Unc51-like-kinase 4 (Ulk4) was previously linked to CSF flow and motile ciliogenesis in mice, as the hypomorph mutant of Ulk4 (Ulk4tm1a/tm1a ) developed hydrocephalic phenotype resulted from defective ciliogenesis and disturbed ciliary motility, while the underling mechanism is largely obscure. Here, we report that serine/threonine kinase 36 (STK36), a paralog of ULK4, directly interacts with ULK4 and this was demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) in yeast and coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays in HEK293T cells, respectively. The interaction region was confined to their respective N-terminal kinase domain. The hypomorph mutant of Stk36 (Stk36tmE4-/- ) also developed progressive hydrocephalus postnatally and dysfunctional CSF flow, with multiple defects of motile cilia, including reduced ciliary number, disorganized ciliary orientation, defected axonemal structure and inconsistent base body (BB) orientation. Stk36tmE4-/- also disturbed the expression of Foxj1 transcription factor and a range of other ciliogenesis-related genes. All these morphological changes, motile cilia defects and transcriptional dysregulation in the Stk36tmE4-/- are practically copied from that in Ulk4tm1a/tm1a mice. Taken together, we conclude that both Stk36 and Ulk4 are crucial for CSF flow, they cooperate by direct binding with their kinase domain to regulate the Foxj1 transcription factor pathways for ciliogenesis and cilia function, not limited to CSF flow. The underlying molecular mechanism probably conserved in evolution and could be extended to other metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Meimei Yang
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tianyuan Guan
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuanwei Gong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Children's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sanbing Shen
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Min Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongfeng Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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17
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Panstruga R, Antonin W, Lichius A. Looking outside the box: a comparative cross-kingdom view on the cell biology of the three major lineages of eukaryotic multicellular life. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:198. [PMID: 37418047 PMCID: PMC10329083 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Many cell biological facts that can be found in dedicated scientific textbooks are based on findings originally made in humans and/or other mammals, including respective tissue culture systems. They are often presented as if they were universally valid, neglecting that many aspects differ-in part considerably-between the three major kingdoms of multicellular eukaryotic life, comprising animals, plants and fungi. Here, we provide a comparative cross-kingdom view on the basic cell biology across these lineages, highlighting in particular essential differences in cellular structures and processes between phyla. We focus on key dissimilarities in cellular organization, e.g. regarding cell size and shape, the composition of the extracellular matrix, the types of cell-cell junctions, the presence of specific membrane-bound organelles and the organization of the cytoskeleton. We further highlight essential disparities in important cellular processes such as signal transduction, intracellular transport, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and cytokinesis. Our comprehensive cross-kingdom comparison emphasizes overlaps but also marked differences between the major lineages of the three kingdoms and, thus, adds to a more holistic view of multicellular eukaryotic cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Panstruga
- Unit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Biology I, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Wolfram Antonin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Lichius
- inncellys GmbH, Dorfstrasse 20/3, 6082, Patsch, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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18
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Maeda S, Otani T, Yamada S, Watanabe Y, Ilik SY, Wada S. Biomechanical effects of hyper-dynamic cerebrospinal fluid flow through the cerebral aqueduct in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients. J Biomech 2023; 156:111671. [PMID: 37327645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is an intracranial disease characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain ventricles within the normal range of intracranial pressure. Most NPH in aged patients is idiopathic (iNPH) and without any prior history of intracranial diseases. Although an abnormal increase of CSF stroke volume (hyper-dynamic CSF flow) in the aqueduct between the third and fourth ventricles has received much attention as a clinical evaluation index in iNPH patients, the biomechanical effects of this flow on iNPH pathophysiology are poorly understood. This study aimed to clarify the potential biomechanical effects of hyper-dynamic CSF flow through the aqueduct of iNPH patients using magnetic resonance imaging-based computational simulations. Ventricular geometries and CSF flow rates through aqueducts of 10 iNPH patients and 10 healthy control subjects were obtained from multimodal magnetic resonance images, and these CSF flow fields were simulated using computational fluid dynamics. As biomechanical factors, we evaluated wall shear stress on the ventricular wall and the extent of flow mixing, which potentially disturbs the CSF composition in each ventricle. The results showed that the relatively high CSF flow rate and large and irregular shapes of the aqueduct in iNPH resulted in large wall shear stresses localized in relatively narrow regions. Furthermore, the resulting CSF flow showed a stable cyclic motion in control subjects, whereas strong mixing during transport through the aqueduct was found in patients with iNPH. These findings provide further insights into the clinical and biomechanical correlates of NPH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusaku Maeda
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Otani
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan; Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies / Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Selin Yavuz Ilik
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wada
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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19
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McCoy CJ, Paupelin-Vaucelle H, Gorilak P, Beneke T, Varga V, Gluenz E. ULK4 and Fused/STK36 interact to mediate assembly of a motile flagellum. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar66. [PMID: 36989043 PMCID: PMC10295485 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-06-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Unc-51-like kinase (ULK) family serine-threonine protein kinase homologues have been linked to the function of motile cilia in diverse species. Mutations in Fused/STK36 and ULK4 in mice resulted in hydrocephalus and other phenotypes consistent with ciliary defects. How either protein contributes to the assembly and function of motile cilia is not well understood. Here we studied the phenotypes of ULK4 and Fused gene knockout (KO) mutants in the flagellated protist Leishmania mexicana. Both KO mutants exhibited a variety of structural defects of the flagellum cytoskeleton. Biochemical approaches indicate spatial proximity of these proteins and indicate a direct interaction between the N-terminus of LmxULK4 and LmxFused. Both proteins display a dispersed localization throughout the cell body and flagellum, with enrichment near the flagellar base and tip. The stable expression of LmxULK4 was dependent on the presence of LmxFused. Fused/STK36 was previously shown to localize to mammalian motile cilia, and we demonstrate here that ULK4 also localizes to the motile cilia in mouse ependymal cells. Taken together these data suggest a model where the pseudokinase ULK4 is a positive regulator of the kinase Fused/ STK36 in a pathway required for stable assembly of motile cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciaran J. McCoy
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Gorilak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Tom Beneke
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Varga
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Gluenz
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
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20
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Silva-Pedrosa R, Campos J, Fernandes AM, Silva M, Calçada C, Marote A, Martinho O, Veiga MI, Rodrigues LR, Salgado AJ, Ferreira PE. Cerebral Malaria Model Applying Human Brain Organoids. Cells 2023; 12:cells12070984. [PMID: 37048057 PMCID: PMC10093648 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural injuries in cerebral malaria patients are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, a comprehensive research approach to study this issue is lacking, so herein we propose an in vitro system to study human cerebral malaria using cellular approaches. Our first goal was to establish a cellular system to identify the molecular alterations in human brain vasculature cells that resemble the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in cerebral malaria (CM). Through transcriptomic analysis, we characterized specific gene expression profiles in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) activated by the Plasmodium falciparum parasites. We also suggest potential new genes related to parasitic activation. Then, we studied its impact at brain level after Plasmodium falciparum endothelial activation to gain a deeper understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying CM. For that, the impact of HBMEC-P. falciparum-activated secretomes was evaluated in human brain organoids. Our results support the reliability of in vitro cellular models developed to mimic CM in several aspects. These systems can be of extreme importance to investigate the factors (parasitological and host) influencing CM, contributing to a molecular understanding of pathogenesis, brain injury, and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Silva-Pedrosa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Jonas Campos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Aline Marie Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Miguel Silva
- Department of Experimental Biology, Section of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Carla Calçada
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Marote
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Olga Martinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Isabel Veiga
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ligia R Rodrigues
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - António José Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro Eduardo Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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21
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Zhou S, Jiang L, Dong Z. Overflow Control for Sustainable Development by Superwetting Surface with Biomimetic Structure. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2276-2310. [PMID: 35522923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Liquid flowing around a solid edge, i.e., overflow, is a commonly observed flow behavior. Recent research into surface wetting properties and microstructure-controlled overflow behavior has attracted much attention. Achieving controllable macroscale liquid dynamics by manipulating the micro-nanoscale liquid overflow has stimulated diverse scientific interest and fostered widespread use in practical applications. In this review, we outline the evolution of overflow and present a critical survey of the mechanism of surface wetting properties and microstructure-controlled liquid overflow in multilength scales ranging from centimeter to micro and even nanoscale. We summarize the latest progress in utilizing the mechanisms to manipulate liquid overflow and achieve macroscale liquid dynamics and in emerging applications to manipulate overflow for sustainable development in various fields, along with challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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22
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Kwon KY, Jeong H, Jang DG, Kwon T, Park TJ. Ckb and Ybx2 interact with Ribc2 and are necessary for the ciliary beating of multi-cilia. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:157-167. [PMID: 36508087 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motile cilia in a vertebrate are important to sustaining activities of life. Fluid flow on the apical surface of several tissues, including bronchial epithelium, ependymal epithelium, and fallopian tubules is generated by the ciliary beating of motile cilia. Multi-ciliated cells in ependymal tissue are responsible for the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is essential for the development and homeostasis of the central nervous system, and airway tissues are protected from external contaminants by cilia-driven mucosal flow over the top of the airway epithelium. OBJECTIVE A previous study reported that reduction of Ribc2 protein leads to disruption of ciliary beating in multi-ciliated cells. However, knowledge regarding the molecular function of Ribc2 is limited, thus currently available information is also limited. Therefore, we evaluated the importance of proteins involved in the interaction with Ribc2 in the process of ciliary beating. METHODS Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis was performed for the discovery of proteins involved in the interaction with Ribc2. Expression of the target gene was inhibited by injection of antisense morpholinos and measurement of the fluid flow on the embryonic epidermis of Xenopus was performed using fluorescent beads for examination of the ciliary beating of multi cilia. In addition, the flag-tagged protein was expressed by injection of mRNA and the changes in protein localization in the cilia were measured by immunostaining and western blot analysis for analysis of the molecular interaction between Ribc2 and Ribc2 binding proteins in multi-cilia. RESULTS The IP/MS analysis identified Ckb and Ybx2 as Ribc2 binding proteins and our results showed that localization of both Ckb and Ybx2 occurs at the axoneme of multi-cilia on the embryonic epithelium of Xenopus laevis. In addition, our findings confirmed that knock-down of Ckb or Ybx2 resulted in abnormal ciliary beating and reduction of cilia-driven fluid flow on multi-cilia of Xenopus laevis. In addition, significantly decreased localization of Ckb or Ybx2 in the ciliary axoneme was observed in Ribc2-depleted multi-cilia. CONCLUSION Ckb and Ybx2 are involved in the interaction with Ribc2 and are necessary for the ciliary beating of multi-cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Yeong Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongsun Jeong
- Department of Biological Medical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gil Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejoon Kwon
- Department of Biological Medical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Joo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Ringers C, Bialonski S, Ege M, Solovev A, Hansen JN, Jeong I, Friedrich BM, Jurisch-Yaksi N. Novel analytical tools reveal that local synchronization of cilia coincides with tissue-scale metachronal waves in zebrafish multiciliated epithelia. eLife 2023; 12:77701. [PMID: 36700548 PMCID: PMC9940908 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia are hair-like cell extensions that beat periodically to generate fluid flow along various epithelial tissues within the body. In dense multiciliated carpets, cilia were shown to exhibit a remarkable coordination of their beat in the form of traveling metachronal waves, a phenomenon which supposedly enhances fluid transport. Yet, how cilia coordinate their regular beat in multiciliated epithelia to move fluids remains insufficiently understood, particularly due to lack of rigorous quantification. We combine experiments, novel analysis tools, and theory to address this knowledge gap. To investigate collective dynamics of cilia, we studied zebrafish multiciliated epithelia in the nose and the brain. We focused mainly on the zebrafish nose, due to its conserved properties with other ciliated tissues and its superior accessibility for non-invasive imaging. We revealed that cilia are synchronized only locally and that the size of local synchronization domains increases with the viscosity of the surrounding medium. Even though synchronization is local only, we observed global patterns of traveling metachronal waves across the zebrafish multiciliated epithelium. Intriguingly, these global wave direction patterns are conserved across individual fish, but different for left and right noses, unveiling a chiral asymmetry of metachronal coordination. To understand the implications of synchronization for fluid pumping, we used a computational model of a regular array of cilia. We found that local metachronal synchronization prevents steric collisions, i.e., cilia colliding with each other, and improves fluid pumping in dense cilia carpets, but hardly affects the direction of fluid flow. In conclusion, we show that local synchronization together with tissue-scale cilia alignment coincide and generate metachronal wave patterns in multiciliated epithelia, which enhance their physiological function of fluid pumping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Ringers
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Kavli Institute for Systems, Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Stephan Bialonski
- Institute for Data-Driven Technologies, Aachen University of Applied SciencesJülichGermany
- Center for Advancing Electronics, Technical University DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Mert Ege
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Anton Solovev
- Center for Advancing Electronics, Technical University DresdenDresdenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence 'Physics of Life', Technical University DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Jan Niklas Hansen
- Kavli Institute for Systems, Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Inyoung Jeong
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Benjamin M Friedrich
- Center for Advancing Electronics, Technical University DresdenDresdenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence 'Physics of Life', Technical University DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Kavli Institute for Systems, Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
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24
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Karimy JK, Newville JC, Sadegh C, Morris JA, Monuki ES, Limbrick DD, McAllister Ii JP, Koschnitzky JE, Lehtinen MK, Jantzie LL. Outcomes of the 2019 hydrocephalus association workshop, "Driving common pathways: extending insights from posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus". Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:4. [PMID: 36639792 PMCID: PMC9838022 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hydrocephalus Association (HA) workshop, Driving Common Pathways: Extending Insights from Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus, was held on November 4 and 5, 2019 at Washington University in St. Louis. The workshop brought together a diverse group of basic, translational, and clinical scientists conducting research on multiple hydrocephalus etiologies with select outside researchers. The main goals of the workshop were to explore areas of potential overlap between hydrocephalus etiologies and identify drug targets that could positively impact various forms of hydrocephalus. This report details the major themes of the workshop and the research presented on three cell types that are targets for new hydrocephalus interventions: choroid plexus epithelial cells, ventricular ependymal cells, and immune cells (macrophages and microglia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason K Karimy
- Department of Family Medicine, Mountain Area Health Education Center - Boone, North Carolina, 28607, USA
| | - Jessie C Newville
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Children's Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Cameron Sadegh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA, Boston, 02114, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jill A Morris
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Neuroscience Center, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd, NSC Rm 2112, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Edwin S Monuki
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Developmental & Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - David D Limbrick
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - James P McAllister Ii
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | | | - Maria K Lehtinen
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Lauren L Jantzie
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Children's Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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25
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Bravo-San Pedro JM. Cilia: From Mechanisms to Disease - Part A. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 175:xv-xviii. [PMID: 36967149 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(23)00074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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26
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Bravo-San Pedro JM. Cilia: From Mechanisms to Disease - Part B. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 176:xvii-xix. [PMID: 37164545 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(23)00097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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27
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Birdal G, D'Gama PP, Jurisch-Yaksi N, Korsching SI. Expression of taste sentinels, T1R, T2R, and PLCβ2, on the passageway for olfactory signals in zebrafish. Chem Senses 2023; 48:bjad040. [PMID: 37843175 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The senses of taste and smell detect overlapping sets of chemical compounds in fish, e.g. amino acids are detected by both senses. However, so far taste and smell organs appeared morphologically to be very distinct, with a specialized olfactory epithelium for detection of odors and taste buds located in the oral cavity and lip for detection of tastants. Here, we report dense clusters of cells expressing T1R and T2R receptors as well as their signal transduction molecule PLCβ2 in nostrils of zebrafish, i.e. on the entrance funnel through which odor molecules must pass to be detected by olfactory sensory neurons. Quantitative evaluation shows the density of these chemosensory cells in the nostrils to be as high or higher than that in the established taste organs oral cavity and lower lip. Hydrodynamic flow is maximal at the nostril rim enabling high throughput chemosensation in this organ. Taken together, our results suggest a sentinel function for these chemosensory cells in the nostril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günes Birdal
- Institute for Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47A, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Percival P D'Gama
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgsons Gate 1, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgsons Gate 1, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrun I Korsching
- Institute for Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47A, 50674 Cologne, Germany
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28
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D'Gama PP, Jurisch-Yaksi N. Methods to study motile ciliated cell types in the zebrafish brain. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 176:103-123. [PMID: 37164533 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cilia are well conserved hair-like structures that have diverse sensory and motile functions. In the brain, motile ciliated cells, known as ependymal cells, line the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filled ventricles, where their beating contribute to fluid movement. Ependymal cells have gathered increasing interest since they are associated with hydrocephalus, a neurological condition with ventricular enlargement. In this article, we highlight methods to identify and characterize motile ciliated ependymal lineage in the brain of zebrafish using histological staining and transgenic reporter lines.
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29
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Martí-Solans J, Børve A, Bump P, Hejnol A, Lynagh T. Peripheral and central employment of acid-sensing ion channels during early bilaterian evolution. eLife 2023; 12:81613. [PMID: 36821351 PMCID: PMC9949801 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervous systems are endowed with rapid chemosensation and intercellular signaling by ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs). While a complex, bilaterally symmetrical nervous system is a major innovation of bilaterian animals, the employment of specific LGICs during early bilaterian evolution is poorly understood. We therefore questioned bilaterian animals' employment of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), LGICs that mediate fast excitatory responses to decreases in extracellular pH in vertebrate neurons. Our phylogenetic analysis identified an earlier emergence of ASICs from the overarching DEG/ENaC (degenerin/epithelial sodium channel) superfamily than previously thought and suggests that ASICs were a bilaterian innovation. Our broad examination of ASIC gene expression and biophysical function in each major bilaterian lineage of Xenacoelomorpha, Protostomia, and Deuterostomia suggests that the earliest bilaterian ASICs were probably expressed in the periphery, before being incorporated into the brain as it emerged independently in certain deuterostomes and xenacoelomorphs. The loss of certain peripheral cells from Ecdysozoa after they separated from other protostomes likely explains their loss of ASICs, and thus the absence of ASICs from model organisms Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans. Thus, our use of diverse bilaterians in the investigation of LGIC expression and function offers a unique hypothesis on the employment of LGICs in early bilaterian evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aina Børve
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Paul Bump
- Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityPacific GroveUnited States
| | - Andreas Hejnol
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of BergenBergenNorway
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30
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Olovnikov AM. Planetary Metronome as a Regulator of Lifespan and Aging Rate: The Metronomic Hypothesis. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1640-1650. [PMID: 36717453 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922120197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A metronomic mechanism for the duration control of ontogenetic cycle periods of an animal is proposed. The components of the proposed metronomic system include the ventricular system of the brain, planet Earth as a generator of metronomic signals, and temporal DNA (tDNA) as a substrate that is epigenetically marked to measure elapsed time of ontogenesis. The metronomic system generates repetitive signals in the form of hydrodynamic disturbances in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The metronomic effect arises due to the superposition of two processes - the near-wall unidirectional flow of CSF and oscillations in the movement of the planet. Hydrodynamic impacts of the metronome are transformed into nerve impulses that initiate epigenetic modification of tDNA in neurons, changing the content of factors expressed by this DNA for innervated targets of the body. The duration of ontogenetic cycle periods, including duration of the adult life, depends on the rate of addition of epigenetic marks to tDNA. This rate depends mainly on the frequency of the metronomic signals used by each particular species. But epigenetic modifications can also be influenced by factors that modulate metabolism and the rate of chromatin modifications, such as a calorie-restricted diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey M Olovnikov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
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31
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Rethinking the cilia hypothesis of hydrocephalus. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 175:105913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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32
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Amack JD. Structures and functions of cilia during vertebrate embryo development. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:579-596. [PMID: 36367893 PMCID: PMC9805515 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cilia are hair-like structures that project from the surface of cells. In vertebrates, most cells have an immotile primary cilium that mediates cell signaling, and some specialized cells assemble one or multiple cilia that are motile and beat synchronously to move fluids in one direction. Gene mutations that alter cilia structure or function cause a broad spectrum of disorders termed ciliopathies that impact virtually every system in the body. A wide range of birth defects associated with ciliopathies underscores critical functions for cilia during embryonic development. In many cases, the mechanisms underlying cilia functions during development and disease remain poorly understood. This review describes different types of cilia in vertebrate embryos and discusses recent research results from diverse model systems that provide novel insights into how cilia form and function during embryo development. The work discussed here not only expands our understanding of in vivo cilia biology, but also opens new questions about cilia and their roles in establishing healthy embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA,,BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse, New York, USA
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33
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Kim YC, Jeong BH. Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel potential biomarkers and highlights cilium-related biological processes in the early stages of prion disease in mice. Prion 2022; 16:84-90. [PMID: 35786398 PMCID: PMC9255203 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2022.2095186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal and irreversible neurodegenerative diseases induced by the pathogenic form of the prion protein (PrPSc), which is converted from the benign form of the prion protein (PrPC). These diseases are characterized by an extended asymptomatic incubation period accompanied by continuous conversion of PrPC to PrPSc. However, to date, the mechanism governing the conversion to PrPSc in the initial stages of prion disease has not been fully elucidated. We collected transcriptome data from the hippocampus of wild-type mice and prion-infected mice at 8 weeks post injection from the Gene Expression Omnibus and analysed differentially expressed genes and related signalling biological process using bioinformatic tools. We identified a total of 36 differentially expressed genes, including 22 upregulated genes and 14 downregulated genes. In addition, we identified that the cilium-related biological process was enriched in the early stages of prion disease. Furthermore, up- and down-regulated genes were associated with cilium-related cellular components and synapse-related cellular components, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, our study was the first to observe the upregulation of cilium-related genes in the early stages of prion disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chan Kim
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea,Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoon Jeong
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea,Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea,CONTACT Byung-Hoon Jeong Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, 820-120, Hana-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk54531, Republic of Korea
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34
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Wang J, Thomas HR, Thompson RG, Waldrep SC, Fogerty J, Song P, Li Z, Ma Y, Santra P, Hoover JD, Yeo NC, Drummond IA, Yoder BK, Amack JD, Perkins B, Parant JM. Variable phenotypes and penetrance between and within different zebrafish ciliary transition zone mutants. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049568. [PMID: 36533556 PMCID: PMC9844136 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Meckel syndrome, nephronophthisis, Joubert syndrome and Bardet-Biedl syndrome are caused by mutations in proteins that localize to the ciliary transition zone (TZ). The phenotypically distinct syndromes suggest that these TZ proteins have differing functions. However, mutations in a single TZ gene can result in multiple syndromes, suggesting that the phenotype is influenced by modifier genes. We performed a comprehensive analysis of ten zebrafish TZ mutants, including mks1, tmem216, tmem67, rpgrip1l, cc2d2a, b9d2, cep290, tctn1, nphp1 and nphp4, as well as mutants in ift88 and ift172. Our data indicate that variations in phenotypes exist between different TZ mutants, supporting different tissue-specific functions of these TZ genes. Further, we observed phenotypic variations within progeny of a single TZ mutant, reminiscent of multiple disease syndromes being associated with mutations in one gene. In some mutants, the dynamics of the phenotype became complex with transitory phenotypes that are corrected over time. We also demonstrated that multiple-guide-derived CRISPR/Cas9 F0 'crispant' embryos recapitulate zygotic null phenotypes, and rapidly identified ciliary phenotypes in 11 cilia-associated gene candidates (ankfn1, ccdc65, cfap57, fhad1, nme7, pacrg, saxo2, c1orf194, ttc26, zmynd12 and cfap52).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Holly R. Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Robert G. Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Stephanie C. Waldrep
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Joseph Fogerty
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zhang Li
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yongjie Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Peu Santra
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Hoover
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Nan Cher Yeo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Iain A. Drummond
- Davis Center for Aging and Regeneration, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, 159 Old Bar Harbor Road, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Bradley K. Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Amack
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Brian Perkins
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - John M. Parant
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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35
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Angelopoulos I, Gakis G, Birmpas K, Kyrousi C, Habeos EE, Kaplani K, Lygerou Z, Habeos I, Taraviras S. Metabolic regulation of the neural stem cell fate: Unraveling new connections, establishing new concepts. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1009125. [PMID: 36340763 PMCID: PMC9634649 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1009125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural stem cell niche is a key regulator participating in the maintenance, regeneration, and repair of the brain. Within the niche neural stem cells (NSC) generate new neurons throughout life, which is important for tissue homeostasis and brain function. NSCs are regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors with cellular metabolism being lately recognized as one of the most important ones, with evidence suggesting that it may serve as a common signal integrator to ensure mammalian brain homeostasis. The aim of this review is to summarize recent insights into how metabolism affects NSC fate decisions in adult neural stem cell niches, with occasional referencing of embryonic neural stem cells when it is deemed necessary. Specifically, we will highlight the implication of mitochondria as crucial regulators of NSC fate decisions and the relationship between metabolism and ependymal cells. The link between primary cilia dysfunction in the region of hypothalamus and metabolic diseases will be examined as well. Lastly, the involvement of metabolic pathways in ependymal cell ciliogenesis and physiology regulation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Gakis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Birmpas
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christina Kyrousi
- First Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis”, Athens, Greece
| | - Evagelia Eva Habeos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Habeos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- *Correspondence: Stavros Taraviras,
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36
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Jeong I, Hansen JN, Wachten D, Jurisch-Yaksi N. Measurement of ciliary beating and fluid flow in the zebrafish adult telencephalon. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101542. [PMID: 35842868 PMCID: PMC9294268 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Jeong
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgsons Gate 1, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jan Niklas Hansen
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Erling Skjalgsons Gate 1, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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37
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Salman HE, Jurisch-Yaksi N, Yalcin HC. Computational Modeling of Motile Cilia-Driven Cerebrospinal Flow in the Brain Ventricles of Zebrafish Embryo. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090421. [PMID: 36134967 PMCID: PMC9495466 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia are hair-like microscopic structures which generate directional flow to provide fluid transport in various biological processes. Ciliary beating is one of the sources of cerebrospinal flow (CSF) in brain ventricles. In this study, we investigated how the tilt angle, quantity, and phase relationship of cilia affect CSF flow patterns in the brain ventricles of zebrafish embryos. For this purpose, two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to determine the flow fields generated by the motile cilia. The cilia are modeled as thin membranes with prescribed motions. The cilia motions were obtained from a two-day post-fertilization zebrafish embryo previously imaged via light sheet fluorescence microscopy. We observed that the cilium angle significantly alters the generated flow velocity and mass flow rates. As the cilium angle gets closer to the wall, higher flow velocities are observed. Phase difference between two adjacent beating cilia also affects the flow field as the cilia with no phase difference produce significantly lower mass flow rates. In conclusion, our simulations revealed that the most efficient method for cilia-driven fluid transport relies on the alignment of multiple cilia beating with a phase difference, which is also observed in vivo in the developing zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Enes Salman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara 06510, Turkey
| | - Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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38
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Ji W, Tang Z, Chen Y, Wang C, Tan C, Liao J, Tong L, Xiao G. Ependymal Cilia: Physiology and Role in Hydrocephalus. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:927479. [PMID: 35903173 PMCID: PMC9315228 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.927479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a colorless liquid that generally circulates from the lateral ventricles to the third and fourth ventricles, provides essential nutrients for brain homeostasis and growth factors during development. As evidenced by an increasing corpus of research, CSF serves a range of important functions. While it is considered that decreased CSF flow is associated to the development of hydrocephalus, it has recently been postulated that motile cilia, which line the apical surfaces of ependymal cells (ECs), play a role in stimulating CSF circulation by cilia beating. Ependymal cilia protrude from ECs, and their synchronous pulsing transports CSF from the lateral ventricle to the third and fourth ventricles, and then to the subarachnoid cavity for absorption. As a result, we postulated that malfunctioning ependymal cilia could disrupt normal CSF flow, raising the risk of hydrocephalus. This review aims to demonstrate the physiological functions of ependymal cilia, as well as how cilia immobility or disorientation causes problems. We also conclude conceivable ways of treatment of hydrocephalus currently for clinical application and provide theoretical support for regimen improvements by investigating the relationship between ependymal cilia and hydrocephalus development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yibing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuansen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changwu Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junbo Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gelei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Gelei Xiao,
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Juhler M, Hansen TS, Novrup HVG, MacAulay N, Munch TN. Hydrocephalus Study Design: Testing New Hypotheses in Clinical Studies and Bench-to-Bedside Research. World Neurosurg 2022; 161:424-431. [PMID: 35505563 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we aimed to describe some of the currently most challenging problems in neurosurgical management of hydrocephalus and how these can be reasons for inspiration for and development of research. We chose 4 areas of focus: 2 dedicated to improvement of current treatments (shunt implant surgery and endoscopic hydrocephalus surgery) and 2 dedicated to emerging future treatment principles (molecular mechanisms of cerebrospinal fluid secretion and hydrocephalus genetics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Juhler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Hans V G Novrup
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nanna MacAulay
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Nørgaard Munch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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40
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Zhang R, Tang J, Li T, Zhou J, Pan W. INPP5E and Coordination of Signaling Networks in Cilia. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:885592. [PMID: 35463949 PMCID: PMC9019342 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.885592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are ubiquitous mechanosensory organelles that specifically coordinate a series of cellular signal transduction pathways to control cellular physiological processes during development and in tissue homeostasis. Defects in the function or structure of primary cilia have been shown to be associated with a large range of diseases called ciliopathies. Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase E (INPP5E) is an inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase that is localized on the ciliary membrane by anchorage via its C-terminal prenyl moiety and hydrolyzes both phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, leading to changes in the phosphoinositide metabolism, thereby resulting in a specific phosphoinositide distribution and ensuring proper localization and trafficking of proteins in primary cilia. In addition, INPP5E also works synergistically with cilia membrane-related proteins by playing key roles in the development and maintenance homeostasis of cilia. The mutation of INPP5E will cause deficiency of primary cilia signaling transduction, ciliary instability and ciliopathies. Here, we present an overview of the role of INPP5E and its coordination of signaling networks in primary cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renshuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tianliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Pan,
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Abstract
The brain harbors a unique ability to, figuratively speaking, shift its gears. During wakefulness, the brain is geared fully toward processing information and behaving, while homeostatic functions predominate during sleep. The blood-brain barrier establishes a stable environment that is optimal for neuronal function, yet the barrier imposes a physiological problem; transcapillary filtration that forms extracellular fluid in other organs is reduced to a minimum in brain. Consequently, the brain depends on a special fluid [the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)] that is flushed into brain along the unique perivascular spaces created by astrocytic vascular endfeet. We describe this pathway, coined the term glymphatic system, based on its dependency on astrocytic vascular endfeet and their adluminal expression of aquaporin-4 water channels facing toward CSF-filled perivascular spaces. Glymphatic clearance of potentially harmful metabolic or protein waste products, such as amyloid-β, is primarily active during sleep, when its physiological drivers, the cardiac cycle, respiration, and slow vasomotion, together efficiently propel CSF inflow along periarterial spaces. The brain's extracellular space contains an abundance of proteoglycans and hyaluronan, which provide a low-resistance hydraulic conduit that rapidly can expand and shrink during the sleep-wake cycle. We describe this unique fluid system of the brain, which meets the brain's requisites to maintain homeostasis similar to peripheral organs, considering the blood-brain-barrier and the paths for formation and egress of the CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kaag Rasmussen
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Humberto Mestre
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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Niziolek M, Bicka M, Osinka A, Samsel Z, Sekretarska J, Poprzeczko M, Bazan R, Fabczak H, Joachimiak E, Wloga D. PCD Genes-From Patients to Model Organisms and Back to Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031749. [PMID: 35163666 PMCID: PMC8836003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a hereditary genetic disorder caused by the lack of motile cilia or the assembxly of dysfunctional ones. This rare human disease affects 1 out of 10,000-20,000 individuals and is caused by mutations in at least 50 genes. The past twenty years brought significant progress in the identification of PCD-causative genes and in our understanding of the connections between causative mutations and ciliary defects observed in affected individuals. These scientific advances have been achieved, among others, due to the extensive motile cilia-related research conducted using several model organisms, ranging from protists to mammals. These are unicellular organisms such as the green alga Chlamydomonas, the parasitic protist Trypanosoma, and free-living ciliates, Tetrahymena and Paramecium, the invertebrate Schmidtea, and vertebrates such as zebrafish, Xenopus, and mouse. Establishing such evolutionarily distant experimental models with different levels of cell or body complexity was possible because both basic motile cilia ultrastructure and protein composition are highly conserved throughout evolution. Here, we characterize model organisms commonly used to study PCD-related genes, highlight their pros and cons, and summarize experimental data collected using these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Niziolek
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Marta Bicka
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Osinka
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Zuzanna Samsel
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Justyna Sekretarska
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Martyna Poprzeczko
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
- Laboratory of Immunology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Bazan
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Hanna Fabczak
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
| | - Ewa Joachimiak
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
- Correspondence: (E.J.); (D.W.); Tel.: +48-22-58-92-338 (E.J. & D.W.)
| | - Dorota Wloga
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.N.); (M.B.); (A.O.); (Z.S.); (J.S.); (M.P.); (R.B.); (H.F.)
- Correspondence: (E.J.); (D.W.); Tel.: +48-22-58-92-338 (E.J. & D.W.)
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43
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Dawes W. Secondary Brain Injury Following Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage: The Role of the Ciliated Ependyma. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:887606. [PMID: 35844746 PMCID: PMC9280684 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.887606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage is recognized as a leading cause of hydrocephalus in the developed world and a key determinant of neurodevelopmental outcome following premature birth. Even in the absence of haemorrhagic infarction or posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus, there is increasing evidence of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental sequelae. The pathophysiology underlying this injury is thought to be due to a primary destructive and secondary developmental insult, but the exact mechanisms remain elusive and this has resulted in a paucity of therapeutic interventions. The presence of blood within the cerebrospinal fluid results in the loss of the delicate neurohumoral gradient within the developing brain, adversely impacting on the tightly regulated temporal and spatial control of cell proliferation and migration of the neural stem progenitor cells within the subventricular zone. In addition, haemolysis of the erythrocytes, associated with the release of clotting factors and leucocytes into the cerebrospinal (CSF), results in a toxic and inflammatory CSF microenvironment which is harmful to the periventricular tissues, resulting in damage and denudation of the multiciliated ependymal cells which line the choroid plexus and ventricular system. The ependyma plays a critical role in the developing brain and beyond, acting as both a protector and gatekeeper to the underlying parenchyma, controlling influx and efflux across the CSF to brain interstitial fluid interface. In this review I explore the hypothesis that damage and denudation of the ependymal layer at this critical juncture in the developing brain, seen following IVH, may adversely impact on the brain microenvironment, exposing the underlying periventricular tissues to toxic and inflammatory CSF, further exacerbating disordered activity within the subventricular zone (SVZ). By understanding the impact that intraventricular hemorrhage has on the microenvironment within the CSF, and the consequences that this has on the multiciliated ependymal cells which line the neuraxis, we can begin to develop and test novel therapeutic interventions to mitigate damage and reduce the associated morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Dawes
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital BRC, London, United Kingdom
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Hyland RM, Brody SL. Impact of Motile Ciliopathies on Human Development and Clinical Consequences in the Newborn. Cells 2021; 11:125. [PMID: 35011687 PMCID: PMC8750550 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia are hairlike organelles that project outward from a tissue-restricted subset of cells to direct fluid flow. During human development motile cilia guide determination of the left-right axis in the embryo, and in the fetal and neonatal periods they have essential roles in airway clearance in the respiratory tract and regulating cerebral spinal fluid flow in the brain. Dysregulation of motile cilia is best understood through the lens of the genetic disorder primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). PCD encompasses all genetic motile ciliopathies resulting from over 60 known genetic mutations and has a unique but often underrecognized neonatal presentation. Neonatal respiratory distress is now known to occur in the majority of patients with PCD, laterality defects are common, and very rarely brain ventricle enlargement occurs. The developmental function of motile cilia and the effect and pathophysiology of motile ciliopathies are incompletely understood in humans. In this review, we will examine the current understanding of the role of motile cilia in human development and clinical considerations when assessing the newborn for suspected motile ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M. Hyland
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110,USA;
| | - Steven L. Brody
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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45
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Insights into the Regulation of Ciliary Disassembly. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112977. [PMID: 34831200 PMCID: PMC8616418 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium, an antenna-like structure that protrudes out from the cell surface, is present in most cell types. It is a microtubule-based organelle that serves as a mega-signaling center and is important for sensing biochemical and mechanical signals to carry out various cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, and many others. At any given time, cilia length is determined by a dynamic balance of cilia assembly and disassembly processes. Abnormally short or long cilia can cause a plethora of human diseases commonly referred to as ciliopathies, including, but not limited to, skeletal malformations, obesity, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, retinal degeneration, and bardet-biedl syndrome. While the process of cilia assembly is studied extensively, the process of cilia disassembly and its biological role(s) are less well understood. This review discusses current knowledge on ciliary disassembly and how different cellular processes and molecular signals converge to carry out this process. This information will help us understand how the process of ciliary disassembly is regulated, identify the key steps that need further investigation, and possibly design therapeutic targets for a subset of ciliopathies that are causally linked to defective ciliary disassembly.
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Diversity and function of motile ciliated cell types within ependymal lineages of the zebrafish brain. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109775. [PMID: 34610312 PMCID: PMC8524669 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia defects impair cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and can cause brain and spine disorders. The development of ciliated cells, their impact on CSF flow, and their function in brain and axial morphogenesis are not fully understood. We have characterized motile ciliated cells within the zebrafish brain ventricles. We show that the ventricles undergo restructuring through development, involving a transition from mono- to multiciliated cells (MCCs) driven by gmnc. MCCs co-exist with monociliated cells and generate directional flow patterns. These ciliated cells have different developmental origins and are genetically heterogenous with respect to expression of the Foxj1 family of ciliary master regulators. Finally, we show that cilia loss from the tela choroida and choroid plexus or global perturbation of multiciliation does not affect overall brain or spine morphogenesis but results in enlarged ventricles. Our findings establish that motile ciliated cells are generated by complementary and sequential transcriptional programs to support ventricular development. Glutamylated tubulin is enriched in cilia of foxj1-expressing cells in the zebrafish Motile ciliated ependymal cells in the zebrafish forebrain are highly diverse Gmnc drives the transition from mono- to multiciliated cells at juvenile stage Lack of multiciliation does not impact brain and spine morphogenesis
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Cumulative Damage: Cell Death in Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081911. [PMID: 34440681 PMCID: PMC8393895 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, approximately 11% of all infants are born preterm, prior to 37 weeks’ gestation. In these high-risk neonates, encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP) is a major cause of both morbidity and mortality, especially for neonates who are born very preterm (<32 weeks gestation). EoP encompasses numerous types of preterm birth-related brain abnormalities and injuries, and can culminate in a diverse array of neurodevelopmental impairments. Of note, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity (PHHP) can be conceptualized as a severe manifestation of EoP. PHHP impacts the immature neonatal brain at a crucial timepoint during neurodevelopment, and can result in permanent, detrimental consequences to not only cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics, but also to white and gray matter development. In this review, the relevant literature related to the diverse mechanisms of cell death in the setting of PHHP will be thoroughly discussed. Loss of the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, ependymal cells and their motile cilia, and cellular structures within the glymphatic system are of particular interest. Greater insights into the injuries, initiating targets, and downstream signaling pathways involved in excess cell death shed light on promising areas for therapeutic intervention. This will bolster current efforts to prevent, mitigate, and reverse the consequential brain remodeling that occurs as a result of hydrocephalus and other components of EoP.
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48
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Li LX, Li X. Epigenetically Mediated Ciliogenesis and Cell Cycle Regulation, and Their Translational Potential. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071662. [PMID: 34359832 PMCID: PMC8307023 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia biogenesis has been closely associated with cell cycle progression. Cilia assemble when cells exit the cell cycle and enter a quiescent stage at the post-mitosis phase, and disassemble before cells re-enter a new cell cycle. Studies have focused on how the cell cycle coordinates with the cilia assembly/disassembly process, and whether and how cilia biogenesis affects the cell cycle. Appropriate regulation of the functions and/or expressions of ciliary and cell-cycle-associated proteins is pivotal to maintaining bodily homeostasis. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone/chromatin modifications, are involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and cilia biogenesis. In this review, first, we discuss how epigenetic mechanisms regulate cell cycle progression and cilia biogenesis through the regulation of DNA methylation and chromatin structures, to either promote or repress the transcription of genes associated with those processes and the modification of cytoskeleton network, including microtubule and actin. Next, we discuss the crosstalk between the cell cycle and ciliogenesis, and the involvement of epigenetic regulators in this process. In addition, we discuss cilia-dependent signaling pathways in cell cycle regulation. Understanding the mechanisms of how epigenetic regulators contribute to abnormal cell cycle regulation and ciliogenesis defects would lead to developing therapeutic strategies for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases, such as cancers, polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and other ciliopathy-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-507-266-0110
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Tang NLS, Dobbs MB, Gurnett CA, Qiu Y, Lam TP, Cheng JCY, Hadley-Miller N. A Decade in Review after Idiopathic Scoliosis Was First Called a Complex Trait-A Tribute to the Late Dr. Yves Cotrel for His Support in Studies of Etiology of Scoliosis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1033. [PMID: 34356049 PMCID: PMC8306836 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a prevalent and important spine disorder in the pediatric age group. An increased family tendency was observed for a long time, but the underlying genetic mechanism was uncertain. In 1999, Dr. Yves Cotrel founded the Cotrel Foundation in the Institut de France, which supported collaboration of international researchers to work together to better understand the etiology of AIS. This new concept of AIS as a complex trait evolved in this setting among researchers who joined the annual Cotrel meetings. It is now over a decade since the first proposal of the complex trait genetic model for AIS. Here, we review in detail the vast information about the genetic and environmental factors in AIS pathogenesis gathered to date. More importantly, new insights into AIS etiology were brought to us through new research data under the perspective of a complex trait. Hopefully, future research directions may lead to better management of AIS, which has a tremendous impact on affected adolescents in terms of both physical growth and psychological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson L. S. Tang
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Functional Genomics and Biostatistical Computing Laboratory, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Matthew B. Dobbs
- Dobbs Clubfoot Center, Paley Orthopedic and Spine Institute, West Palm Beach, FL 33401, USA;
| | - Christina A. Gurnett
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Yong Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210000, China;
| | - T. P. Lam
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (T.P.L.); (J.C.Y.C.)
| | - Jack C. Y. Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and SH Ho Scoliosis Research Lab, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (T.P.L.); (J.C.Y.C.)
| | - Nancy Hadley-Miller
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80012, USA;
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Yuan S, Wang Z, Peng H, Ward SM, Hennig GW, Zheng H, Yan W. Oviductal motile cilia are essential for oocyte pickup but dispensable for sperm and embryo transport. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2102940118. [PMID: 34039711 PMCID: PMC8179221 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102940118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian oviducts play an essential role in female fertility by picking up ovulated oocytes and transporting and nurturing gametes (sperm/oocytes) and early embryos. However, the relative contributions to these functions from various cell types within the oviduct remain controversial. The oviduct in mice deficient in two microRNA (miRNA) clusters (miR-34b/c and miR-449) lacks cilia, thus allowing us to define the physiological role of oviductal motile cilia. Here, we report that the infundibulum without functional motile cilia failed to pick up the ovulated oocytes. In the absence of functional motile cilia, sperm could still reach the ampulla region, and early embryos managed to migrate to the uterus, but the efficiency was reduced. Further transcriptomic analyses revealed that the five messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) encoded by miR-34b/c and miR-449 function to stabilize a large number of mRNAs involved in cilium organization and assembly and that Tubb4b was one of their target genes. Our data demonstrate that motile cilia in the infundibulum are essential for oocyte pickup and thus, female fertility, whereas motile cilia in other parts of the oviduct facilitate gamete and embryo transport but are not absolutely required for female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqiao Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557;
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhuqing Wang
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557
- Sections of Metabolic Diseases and Translational Genomics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502
| | - Hongying Peng
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557
| | - Sean M Ward
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557
| | - Grant W Hennig
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557
| | - Huili Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557
- Sections of Metabolic Diseases and Translational Genomics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557;
- Sections of Metabolic Diseases and Translational Genomics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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