1
|
Obst JK, Tien AH, Setiawan JC, Deneault LF, Sadar MD. Inhibitors of the transactivation domain of androgen receptor as a therapy for prostate cancer. Steroids 2024; 210:109482. [PMID: 39053630 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a modular transcription factor which functions as a master regulator of gene expression. AR protein is composed of three functional domains; the ligand-binding domain (LBD); DNA-binding domain (DBD); and the intrinsically disordered N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD). AR is transactivated upon binding to the male sex hormone testosterone and other androgens. While the AR may tolerate loss of its LBD, the TAD contains activation function-1 (AF-1) that is essential for all AR transcriptional activity. AR is frequently over-expressed in most prostate cancer. Currently, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the form of surgical or chemical castration remains the standard of care for patients with high risk localized disease, advanced and metastatic disease, and those patients that experience biochemical relapse following definitive primary treatment. Patients with recurrent disease that receive ADT will ultimately progress to lethal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. In addition to ADT not providing a cure, it is associated with numerous adverse effects including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and sexual dysfunction. Recently there has been a renewed interest in investigating the possibility of using antiandrogens which competitively bind the AR-LBD without ADT for patients with hormone sensitive, non-metastatic prostate cancer. Here we describe a class of compounds termed AR transactivation domain inhibitors (ARTADI) and their mechanism of action. These compounds bind to the AR-TAD to inhibit AR transcriptional activity in the absence and presence of androgens. Thus these inhibitors may have utility in preventing prostate cancer growth in the non-castrate setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon K Obst
- Department of Genome Sciences, BC Cancer Research Institute, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Amy H Tien
- Department of Genome Sciences, BC Cancer Research Institute, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Josie C Setiawan
- Department of Genome Sciences, BC Cancer Research Institute, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Lauren F Deneault
- Department of Genome Sciences, BC Cancer Research Institute, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Marianne D Sadar
- Department of Genome Sciences, BC Cancer Research Institute, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nouruzi S, Johnson F, Kumar S, Sivak O, Tabrizian N, Koistinaho M, Muona A, Zoubeidi A. Targeting adenocarcinoma and enzalutamide‑resistant prostate cancer using the novel anti‑androgen inhibitor ADA‑308. Oncol Rep 2024; 52:132. [PMID: 39129317 PMCID: PMC11332584 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading cause of cancer‑related death among men worldwide. PCa often develops resistance to standard androgen deprivation therapy and androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors, such as enzalutamide (ENZ). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies for this disease. The efficacy of ADA‑308 was evaluated through in vitro assessments of AR activity and cell proliferation, alongside in vivo studies. ADA‑308 has emerged as a promising candidate, demonstrating potent inhibition of AR‑sensitive adenocarcinoma as well as ENZ‑resistant PCa cell lines. The results of the study revealed that ADA‑308 effectively blocked AR activity, including its nuclear localization, and inhibited cell proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, ADA‑308 demonstrated notable efficacy in vivo, with a robust antitumor response in ENZ‑resistant models. These findings establish the role of ADA‑308 as a potent AR inhibitor that overcomes resistance to AR‑targeted therapies and highlights its potential as a novel therapeutic approach in advanced PCa management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Nouruzi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Fraser Johnson
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Sahil Kumar
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Olena Sivak
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Nakisa Tabrizian
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | | | - Anu Muona
- Aranda Pharma Ltd., 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu YN, Liu MK, Wen YC, Li CH, Yeh HL, Dung PVT, Jiang KC, Chen WH, Li HR, Huang J, Chen WY. Binding of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist to cholinergic receptor muscarinic 4 promotes immunosuppression and neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217090. [PMID: 38945201 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) of prostate cancer (PCa) is characterized by high levels of immunosuppressive molecules, including cytokines and chemokines. This creates a hostile immune landscape that impedes effective immune responses. The interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL1RN), a key anti-inflammatory molecule, plays a significant role in suppressing IL-1-related immune and inflammatory responses. Our research investigates the oncogenic role of IL1RN in PCa, particularly its interactions with muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (CHRM4), and its involvement in driving immunosuppressive pathways and M2-like macrophage polarization within the PCa TME. We demonstrate that following androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the IL1RN-CHRM4 interaction in PCa activates the MAPK/AKT signaling pathway. This activation upregulates the transcription factors E2F1 and MYCN, stimulating IL1RN production and creating a positive feedback loop that increases CHRM4 abundance in both PCa cells and M2-like macrophages. This ADT-driven IL1RN/CHRM4 axis significantly enhances immune checkpoint markers associated with neuroendocrine differentiation and treatment-resistant outcomes. Higher serum IL1RN levels are associated with increased disease aggressiveness and M2-like macrophage markers in advanced PCa patients. Additionally, elevated IL1RN levels correlate with better clinical outcomes following immunotherapy. Clinical correlations between IL1RN and CHRM4 expression in advanced PCa patients and neuroendocrine PCa organoid models highlight their potential as therapeutic targets. Our data suggest that targeting the IL1RN/CHRM4 signaling could be a promising strategy for managing PCa progression and enhancing treatment responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Nien Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kun Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiu Li
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Lien Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Phan Vu Thuy Dung
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Jiang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hao Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ru Li
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li K, Wang H, Jiang B, Jin X. TRIM28 in cancer and cancer therapy. Front Genet 2024; 15:1431564. [PMID: 39100077 PMCID: PMC11294089 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1431564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
TRIM28 (tripartite motif protein 28) was initially believed to be a transcription inhibitor that plays an important role in DNA damage repair (DDR) and in maintaining cancer cellular stemness. As research has continued to deepen, several studies have found that TRIM28 not only has ubiquitin E3 ligase activity to promote degradation of substrates, but also can promote SUMOylation of substrates. Although TRIM28 is highly expressed in various cancer tissues and has oncogenic effects, there are still a few studies indicating that TRIM28 has certain anticancer effects. Additionally, TRIM28 is subject to complex upstream regulation. In this review, we have elaborated on the structure and regulation of TRIM28. At the same time, highlighting the functional role of TRIM28 in tumor development and emphasizing its impact on cancer treatment provides a new direction for future clinical antitumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailang Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Beilun District People’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Beilun District People’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Bitao Jiang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Beilun District People’s Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathphysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ng RR, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Ti SC, Javed A, Wong JWH, Fang Q, Leung JWC, Tang AHN, Huen MSY. R-loop resolution by ARIP4 helicase promotes androgen-mediated transcription induction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm9577. [PMID: 39028815 PMCID: PMC11259169 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm9577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at transcription start sites (TSSs) primes target genes for productive elongation. Coincidentally, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) enrich at highly transcribed and Pol II-paused genes, although their interplay remains undefined. Using androgen receptor (AR) signaling as a model, we have uncovered AR-interacting protein 4 (ARIP4) helicase as a driver of androgen-dependent transcription induction. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis revealed that ARIP4 preferentially co-occupies TSSs with paused Pol II. Moreover, we found that ARIP4 complexes with topoisomerase II beta and mediates transient DSB formation upon hormone stimulation. Accordingly, ARIP4 deficiency compromised release of paused Pol II and resulted in R-loop accumulation at a panel of highly transcribed AR target genes. Last, we showed that ARIP4 binds and unwinds R-loops in vitro and that its expression positively correlates with prostate cancer progression. We propose that androgen stimulation triggers ARIP4-mediated unwinding of R-loops at TSSs, enforcing Pol II pause release to effectively drive an androgen-dependent expression program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Regina Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Zhongyang Lin
- Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Shih Chieh Ti
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Asif Javed
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Jason Wing Hon Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Qingming Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Justin Wai Chung Leung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alex Hin Ning Tang
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| | - Michael Shing Yan Huen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong S.A.R
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang M, Sjöström M, Cui X, Foye A, Farh K, Shrestha R, Lundberg A, Dang HX, Li H, Febbo PG, Aggarwal R, Alumkal JJ, Small EJ, Maher CA, Feng FY, Quigley DA. Integrative analysis of ultra-deep RNA-seq reveals alternative promoter usage as a mechanism of activating oncogenic programmes during prostate cancer progression. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:1176-1186. [PMID: 38871824 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factor (TF) proteins regulate gene activity by binding to regulatory regions, most importantly at gene promoters. Many genes have alternative promoters (APs) bound by distinct TFs. The role of differential TF activity at APs during tumour development is poorly understood. Here we show, using deep RNA sequencing in 274 biopsies of benign prostate tissue, localized prostate tumours and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, that AP usage increases as tumours progress and APs are responsible for a disproportionate amount of tumour transcriptional activity. Expression of the androgen receptor (AR), the key driver of prostate tumour activity, is correlated with elevated AP usage. We identified AR, FOXA1 and MYC as potential drivers of AP activation. DNA methylation is a likely mechanism for AP activation during tumour progression and lineage plasticity. Our data suggest that prostate tumours activate APs to magnify the transcriptional impact of tumour drivers, including AR and MYC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin Sjöström
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiekui Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam Foye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Raunak Shrestha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arian Lundberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ha X Dang
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Bristol Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Haolong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joshi J Alumkal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric J Small
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Maher
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Felix Y Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David A Quigley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nazir SU, Mishra J, Maurya SK, Ziamiavaghi N, Bodas S, Teply BA, Dutta S, Datta K. Deciphering the genetic and epigenetic architecture of prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:191-221. [PMID: 39032950 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men, leads to significant mortality worldwide. Its study is important due to the complexity and diversity in its progression, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapeutic strategies. This chapter probes into the genetic and epigenetic factors influencing prostate cancer progression, underscoring the importance of understanding the disease's molecular fundamentals for the development of targeted therapies. It specifically reviews the role of key genetic mutations in genes such as Androgen Receptor, TP53, SPOP, FOXA1 and PTEN which are crucial for the disease onset and a progression. Furthermore, it examines the impact of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modification, which contribute to the cancer's progression by affecting gene expression and cellular behavior. Further, in this chapter we delve into the underlying signaling mechanism, the advancements in targeting genetic and epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer. These findings have revealed promising targets for therapeutic advancements, aiming to understand and identify promising avenues for future therapies. This chapter improves our current understanding of prostate cancer genetic and epigenetic landscape, emphasizing the necessity of advancing our knowledge to refine and expand treatment options for prostate cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheeraz Un Nazir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Negin Ziamiavaghi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Benjamin A Teply
- Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology & Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Massy Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun H, Li H, Guan Y, Yuan Y, Xu C, Fu D, Xie P, Li J, Zhao T, Wang X, Feng Y, Wang H, Gao S, Yang S, Shi Y, Liu J, Chang A, Huang C, Hao J. BICC1 drives pancreatic cancer stemness and chemoresistance by facilitating tryptophan metabolism. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj8650. [PMID: 38896624 PMCID: PMC11186499 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj8650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of malignancy-related deaths, with rapid development of drug resistance driven by pancreatic cancer stem cells. However, the mechanisms sustaining stemness and chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Bicaudal C homolog 1 (BICC1), an RNA binding protein regulating numerous cytoplasmic mRNAs, facilitates chemoresistance and stemness in PDAC. Mechanistically, BICC1 activated tryptophan catabolism in PDAC by up-regulating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) expression, a tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme. Increased levels of tryptophan metabolites contribute to NAD+ synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation, leading to a stem cell-like phenotype. Blocking BICC1/IDO1/tryptophan metabolism signaling greatly improves the gemcitabine (GEM) efficacy in several PDAC models with high BICC1 level. These findings indicate that BICC1 is a critical tryptophan metabolism regulator that drives the stemness and chemoresistance of PDAC and thus a potential target for combinatorial therapeutic strategy against chemoresistance.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Tryptophan/metabolism
- Humans
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Animals
- Mice
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Gemcitabine
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huizhi Sun
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Guan
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yudong Yuan
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Danqi Fu
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xie
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Li
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Tiansuo Zhao
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiuchao Wang
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yukuan Feng
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yi Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Antao Chang
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jihui Hao
- Pancreas Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Tianjin, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stitz R, Stoiber F, Silye R, Vlachos G, Andaloro S, Rebhan E, Dunzinger M, Pühringer F, Gallo C, El-Heliebi A, Heitzer E, Hauser-Kronberger C. Clinical Implementation of a Noninvasive, Multi-Analyte Droplet Digital PCR Test to Screen for Androgen Receptor Alterations. J Mol Diagn 2024; 26:467-478. [PMID: 38522838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations of the androgen receptor (AR) are associated with resistance to AR-directed therapy in prostate cancer. Thus, it is crucial to develop robust detection methods for AR alterations as predictive biomarkers to enable applicability in clinical practice. We designed and validated five multiplex droplet digital PCR assays for reliable detection of 12 AR targets including AR amplification, AR splice variant 7, and 10 AR hotspot mutations, as well as AR and KLK3 gene expression from plasma-derived cell-free DNA and cell-free RNA. The assays demonstrated excellent analytical sensitivity and specificity ranging from 95% to 100% (95% CI, 75% to 100%). Intrarun and interrun variation analyses revealed a high level of repeatability and reproducibility. The developed assays were applied further in peripheral blood samples from 77 patients with advanced prostate cancer to assess their feasibility in a real-world scenario. Optimizing the reverse transcription of RNA increased the yield of plasma-derived cell-free RNA by 30-fold. Among 23 patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, 6 patients (26.1%) had one or a combination of several AR alterations, whereas only 2 of 54 patients (3.7%) in the hormone-sensitive stage showed AR alterations. These findings were consistent with other studies and suggest that implementation of comprehensive AR status detection in clinical practice is feasible and can support the treatment decision-making process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Stitz
- Department of Pathology, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria; Doctoral Program Medical Science, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Franz Stoiber
- Department of Urology Medicine, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Renè Silye
- Department of Pathology, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Georgios Vlachos
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Andaloro
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Rebhan
- Department of Pathology, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Michael Dunzinger
- Department of Urology Medicine, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Franz Pühringer
- Department of Pathology, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Caroline Gallo
- Department of Pathology, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Amin El-Heliebi
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Cornelia Hauser-Kronberger
- Department of Pathology, Salzkammergutklinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xiong Z, Yu SL, Xie ZX, Zhuang RL, Peng SR, Wang Q, Gao Z, Li BH, Xie JJ, Huang H, Li KW. Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote enzalutamide resistance and PD-L1 expression in prostate cancer through CCL5-CCR5 paracrine axis. iScience 2024; 27:109674. [PMID: 38646169 PMCID: PMC11031830 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been shown to play a key role in prostate cancer treatment resistance, but the role of CAFs in the initial course of enzalutamide therapy for prostate cancer remains unclear. Our research revealed that CAFs secrete CCL5, which promotes the upregulation of androgen receptor (AR) expression in prostate cancer cells, leading to resistance to enzalutamide therapy. Furthermore, CCL5 also enhances the expression of tumor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), resulting in immune escape. Mechanistically, CCL5 binds to the receptor CCR5 on prostate cancer cells and activates the AKT signaling pathway, leading to the upregulation of AR and PD-L1. The CCR5 antagonist maraviroc to inhibit the CAFs mediated CCL5 signaling pathway can effectively reduce the expression of AR and PD-L1, and improve the efficacy of enzalutamide. This study highlights a promising therapeutic approach targeting the CCL5-CCR5 signaling pathway to improve the effectiveness of enzalutamide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xiong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shun-Li Yu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rui-Lin Zhuang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shi-Rong Peng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Urology, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ze Gao
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250063, China
| | - Bing-Heng Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jun-Jia Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai-Wen Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zheng X, Zhang X, Yu S. Organoids derived from metastatic cancers: Present and future. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30457. [PMID: 38720734 PMCID: PMC11077038 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional structures derived from primary tissue or tumors that closely mimic the architecture, histology, and function of the parental tissue. In recent years, patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have emerged as powerful tools for modeling tumor heterogeneity, drug screening, and personalized medicine. Although most cancer organoids are derived from primary tumors, the ability of organoids from metastatic cancer to serve as a model for studying tumor biology and predicting the therapeutic response is an area of active investigation. Recent studies have shown that organoids derived from metastatic sites can provide valuable insights into tumor biology and may be used to validate predictive models of the drug response. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the feasibility of culturing organoids from multiple metastatic cancers and evaluate their potential for advancing basic cancer research, drug development, and personalized therapy. We also explore the limitations and challenges associated with using metastasis organoids for cancer research. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future prospects of metastatic cancer-derived organoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Zheng
- Departments of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Departments of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengji Yu
- Departments of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Capuozzo M, Santorsola M, Ianniello M, Ferrara F, Zovi A, Petrillo N, Castiello R, Fantuz MR, Ottaiano A, Savarese G. Innovative Drug Modalities for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer. Diseases 2024; 12:87. [PMID: 38785742 PMCID: PMC11119780 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer, a prevalent malignancy affecting the prostate gland, is a significant global health concern. Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has proven effective in controlling advanced disease, with over 50% of patients surviving at the 10-year mark. However, a diverse spectrum of responses exists, and resistance to ADT may emerge over time. This underscores the need to explore innovative treatment strategies for effectively managing prostate cancer progression. Ongoing research endeavors persist in unraveling the complexity of prostate cancer and fostering the development of biologic and innovative approaches, including immunotherapies and targeted therapies. This review aims to provide a valuable synthesis of the dynamic landscape of emerging drug modalities in this context. Interestingly, the complexities posed by prostate cancer not only present a formidable challenge but also serve as a model and an opportunity for translational research and innovative therapies in the field of oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Capuozzo
- Coordinamento Farmaceutico, ASL-Naples-3, 80056 Ercolano, Italy; (M.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Monica Ianniello
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- Coordinamento Farmaceutico, ASL-Naples-3, 80056 Ercolano, Italy; (M.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Andrea Zovi
- Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nadia Petrillo
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Rosa Castiello
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Fantuz
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (N.P.); (R.C.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Savarese
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Feodoroff M, Harjutsalo V, Mäkimattila S, Groop PH. Incidence and risk factors for cancer in people with type 1 diabetes, stratified by stages of diabetic kidney disease: a nationwide Finnish cohort study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2024; 40:100884. [PMID: 38533378 PMCID: PMC10964474 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have been reported to have increased overall risk of cancer. In addition, individuals with a kidney transplant/transplantation (KT) have markedly increased cancer risk due to chronic use of immunosuppressive agents. However, it has not been elucidated whether the observed excess cancer risk is related to KT or whether diabetic kidney disease (DKD) per se is a risk factor for cancer in individuals with T1D. Methods The study included 5035 individuals from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study (FinnDiane) and 14,061 control individuals without diabetes. We assessed the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancers in individuals with T1D compared to controls according to DKD status. Cox regression analyses were used to identify potential risk factors for cancer in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Findings The SIR for overall cancer for all participants was 1.14 (1.05-1.24), for participants without KT 0.92 (0.83-1.01) and for participants with KT 4.78 (4.02-5.64). Participants without KT had in fact a reduced risk of prostate cancer with a SIR of 0.54 (0.37-0.76), cancer of urinary organs 0.41 (0.21-0.73) and respiratory and intrathoracic organs, 0.62 (0.38-0.97). Participants with KT had on the contrary an increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer, SIR 14.50 (10.99-18.86), cancer in the lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue 5.38 (2.99-8.96), mouth or pharynx 5.13 (2.08-10.66), melanoma 5.12 [2.38-9.72]) and respiratory and intrathoracic organs 2.77 (1.21-5.49). The risk of thyroid cancer was increased both in participants without KT, SIR 2.14 (1.39-3.16) and with KT 5.30 (1.68-12.78). Interpretation The excess overall cancer risk in individuals with type 1 diabetes is only seen in KT recipients and in thyroid cancer. The individuals without KT seem to have a decreased risk of some forms of cancer. Funding Folkhälsan Research Foundation, Academy of Finland [316664], Wilhelm and Else Stockmann Foundation, Liv och Hälsa Society, Novo Nordisk Foundation [NNF OC0013659], Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation, Medical Society of Finland, Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, and Helsinki University Hospital Research Funds [TYH2018207 and TYH 2020305].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maija Feodoroff
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valma Harjutsalo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Mäkimattila
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - FinnDiane Study Group
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Paul AK, Melson JW, Hirani S, Muthusamy S. Systemic therapy landscape of advanced prostate cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 161:367-402. [PMID: 39032954 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in American men and 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the backbone of treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Over the past several decades a number of new therapeutics, such as novel androgen receptor pathway inhibitors, targeted agents and radionuclide therapies, have been introduced for the treatment of prostate cancers. These agents have been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes of prostate cancer patients in randomized clinical trials. In addition, new therapeutic strategies, such as early intensification of ADT, novel treatment combinations, and treatment sequencing, are expected to improve outcomes further. In this clinical review, we discuss the changing treatment landscape for advanced prostate cancer with a focus on new therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asit K Paul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - John W Melson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Samina Hirani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Selvaraj Muthusamy
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Berner AM, Buchanan D, Seal L, O'Callaghan S. Methodological considerations in the use of a large database to estimate incidence of prostate cancer in transgender women in the US. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024:10.1038/s41391-024-00839-7. [PMID: 38658735 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Berner
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | | | - Leighton Seal
- Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's University of London, London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hamid AA, Sweeney CJ, Hovens C, Corcoran N, Azad AA. Precision medicine for prostate cancer: An international perspective. Urol Oncol 2024:S1078-1439(24)00334-X. [PMID: 38614920 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Greater personalization of cancer medicine continues to shape therapy development and patient selection accordingly. The treatment of prostate cancer has evolved considerably since the discovery of androgen deprivation therapy. The comprehensive profiling of the prostate cancer genome has mapped the targetable molecular landscape of the disease and identified opportunities for the implementation of novel and combination therapies. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular biology of prostate cancer and tools developed to aid prognostication and prediction of therapy benefit. Modern treatment of advanced prostate cancer is reviewed as a paradigm of increasing precision-informed approach to patient care, and must be considered on a global scale with respect to the state of science and care delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anis A Hamid
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | | | - Niall Corcoran
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arun A Azad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Seo Y, Lee S, Kim M, Kim D, Jeong SB, Das R, Sultana A, Park S, Nhiem NX, Huong PTT, Kwon OB, Namkung W, Woo J. Discovery of a novel natural compound, vitekwangin B, with ANO1 protein reduction properties and anticancer potential. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1382787. [PMID: 38659592 PMCID: PMC11041392 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1382787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present significant challenges in the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Hormone therapies for prostate cancer target androgen receptors and prostate-specific antigen markers. However, treatment options for prostatic small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma are limited. NSCLC, on the other hand, is primarily treated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors but exhibits resistance. This study explored a novel therapeutic approach by investigating the potential anticancer properties of vitekwangin B, a natural compound derived from Vitex trifolia. Methods: Vitekwangin B was chromatographically isolated from the fruits of V. trifolia. ANO1 protein levels in prostate cancer and NSCLC cells were verified and evaluated again after vitekwangin B treatment. Results: Vitekwangin B did not inhibit anoctamin1 (ANO1) channel function but significantly reduced ANO1 protein levels. These results demonstrate that vitekwangin B effectively inhibited cancer cell viability and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer and NSCLC cells. Moreover, it exhibited minimal toxicity to liver cells and did not affect hERG channel activity, making it a promising candidate for further development as an anticancer drug. Conclusion: Vitekwangin B may offer a new direction for cancer therapy by targeting ANO1 protein, potentially improving treatment outcomes in patients with prostate cancer and NSCLC. Further research is needed to explore its full potential and overcome existing drug resistance challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Seo
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sion Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Minuk Kim
- Department of Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDI Hub), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongguk Kim
- Department of Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDI Hub), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Baek Jeong
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Das
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Armin Sultana
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - SeonJu Park
- Metropolitan Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine and Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Thi Thanh Huong
- Institute of Marine and Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Oh-Bin Kwon
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Namkung
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohan Woo
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Silva KCS, Tambwe N, Mahfouz DH, Wium M, Cacciatore S, Paccez JD, Zerbini LF. Transcription Factors in Prostate Cancer: Insights for Disease Development and Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:450. [PMID: 38674385 PMCID: PMC11050257 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins essential for the regulation of gene expression, and they regulate the genes involved in different cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Although their expression is essential in normal physiological conditions, abnormal regulation of TFs plays critical role in several diseases, including cancer. In prostate cancer, the most common malignancy in men, TFs are known to play crucial roles in the initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy of the disease. Understanding the interplay between these TFs and their downstream targets provides insights into the molecular basis of prostate cancer pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the involvement of key TFs, including the E26 Transformation-Specific (ETS) Family (ERG and SPDEF), NF-κB, Activating Protein-1 (AP-1), MYC, and androgen receptor (AR), in prostate cancer while focusing on the molecular mechanisms involved in prostate cancer development. We also discuss emerging diagnostic strategies, early detection, and risk stratification using TFs. Furthermore, we explore the development of therapeutic interventions targeting TF pathways, including the use of small molecule inhibitors, gene therapies, and immunotherapies, aimed at disrupting oncogenic TF signaling and improving patient outcomes. Understanding the complex regulation of TFs in prostate cancer provides valuable insights into disease biology, which ultimately may lead to advancing precision approaches for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla C. S. Silva
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Nadine Tambwe
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Dalia H. Mahfouz
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Martha Wium
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Stefano Cacciatore
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Juliano D. Paccez
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Luiz F. Zerbini
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (K.C.S.S.); (N.T.); (D.H.M.); (M.W.); (S.C.); (J.D.P.)
- Integrative Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kafka M, Giannini G, Artamonova N, Neuwirt H, Ofner H, Kramer G, Bauernhofer T, Luger F, Höfner T, Loidl W, Griessner H, Lusuardi L, Bergmaier A, Berger A, Winder T, Weiss S, Bauinger S, Krause S, Drerup M, Heinrich E, Schneider M, Madersbacher S, Vallet S, Stoiber F, Laimer S, Hruby S, Schachtner G, Nagele U, Lenart S, Ponholzer A, Pfuner J, Wiesinger C, Kamhuber C, Müldür E, Bektic J, Horninger W, Heidegger I. Real-World Evidence of Triplet Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: An Austrian Multicenter Study. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:458-466.e1. [PMID: 38267304 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two randomized trials demonstrated a survival benefit of triplet therapy (androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]) plus androgen receptor pathway inhibitor [ARPI] plus docetaxel) over doublet therapy (ADT plus docetaxel), thus changing treatment strategies in metastatic hormonesensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted the first real-world analysis comprising 97 mHSPC patients from 16 Austrian medical centers, among them 79.4% of patients received abiraterone and 17.5% darolutamide treatment. Baseline characteristics and clinical parameters during triplet therapy were documented. Mann-Whitney U test for continuous or X²-test for categorical variables was used. Variables on progression were tested using logistic regression analysis and tabulated as hazard ratios (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Of 83.5% patients with synchronous and 16.5% with metachronous disease were included. 83.5% had high-volume disease diagnosed by conventional imaging (48.9%) or PSMA PET-CT (51.1%). While docetaxel and ARPI were administered consistent with pivotal trials, prednisolone, prophylactic gCSF and osteoprotective agents were not applied guideline conform in 32.5%, 37%, and 24.3% of patients, respectively. Importantly, a nonsimultaneous onset of chemotherapy and ARPI, performed in 44.3% of patients, was associated with significantly worse treatment response (P = .015, HR 0.245). Starting ARPI before chemotherapy was associated with significantly higher probability for progression (P = .023, HR 15.781) than vice versa. Strikingly, 15.6% (abiraterone) and 25.5% (darolutamide) low-volume patients as well as 14.4% (abiraterone) and 17.6% (darolutamide) metachronous patients received triplet therapy. Adverse events (AE) occurred in 61.9% with grade 3 to 5 in 15% of patient without age-related differences. All patients achieved a PSA decline of 99% and imaging response was confirmed in 88% of abiraterone and 75% of darolutamide patients. CONCLUSIONS Triplet therapy arrived in clinical practice primarily for synchronous high-volume mHSPC. Regardless of selected therapy regimen, treatment is highly effective and tolerable. Preferably therapy should be administered simultaneously, however if not possible, chemotherapy should be started first.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Kafka
- Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giulia Giannini
- Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Hannes Neuwirt
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heidemarie Ofner
- Department of Urology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gero Kramer
- Department of Urology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ferdinand Luger
- Department of Urology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Höfner
- Department of Urology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Loidl
- Department of Urology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria
| | | | | | - Antonia Bergmaier
- Department of Urology, Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Andreas Berger
- Department of Urology, Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Thomas Winder
- Department of Oncology, Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Sarah Weiss
- Department of Urology, Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Steffen Krause
- Department of Urology, Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Martin Drerup
- Department of Urology, Barmherzige Brüder Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Elmar Heinrich
- Department of Urology, Barmherzige Brüder Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Sonia Vallet
- Division of Internal Medicine 2, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, University Hospital Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Franz Stoiber
- Department of Urology, Salzkammergut Klinikum Vöcklabruck, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Sarah Laimer
- Department of Urology, Tauernklinikum, Zell am See, Austria
| | - Stephan Hruby
- Department of Urology, Tauernklinikum, Zell am See, Austria
| | - Gert Schachtner
- Department of Urology, Landeskrankenhaus Hall, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Udo Nagele
- Department of Urology, Landeskrankenhaus Hall, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Lenart
- Department of Urology, Barmherzige Brüder Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Ponholzer
- Department of Urology, Barmherzige Brüder Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacob Pfuner
- Department of Urology, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
| | | | - Christoph Kamhuber
- Department of Oncology, Kardinal Schwarzenberg Klinikum, Schwarzach, Austria
| | - Ecan Müldür
- Department of Oncology, Klinik Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jasmin Bektic
- Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Isabel Heidegger
- Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Karelia D, Corey Z, Wang H, Raup-Konsavage WM, Vrana KE, Lü J, Jiang C. Library Screening and Preliminary Characterization of Synthetic Cannabinoids Against Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024; 9:523-536. [PMID: 36880938 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Our previous screening efforts with colorectal cancer cell lines suggested potential cannabinoid therapeutic leads for other solid cancers. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify cannabinoid lead compounds that have cytostatic and cytocidal activities against prostate and pancreatic cancer cell lines and profile cellular responses and molecular pathways of select leads. Materials and Methods: A library of 369 synthetic cannabinoids was screened against 4 prostate and 2 pancreatic cancer cell lines with 48 h of exposure at 10 μM in medium with 10% fetal bovine serum using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability assay. Concentration titration of the top 6 hits was carried out to identify their concentration-response patterns and calculate IC50 values. Three select leads were examined for cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy responses. The role of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and noncanonical receptors in apoptosis signaling was examined with selective antagonists. Results: Two independent screening experiments in each cell line detected growth inhibitory activities against all six or a majority of cancer cell lines for HU-331 (a known cannabinoid topoisomerase II inhibitor), (±)5-epi-CP55,940, and PTI-2, each previously identified in our colorectal cancer study. 5-Fluoro NPB-22, FUB-NPB-22, and LY2183240 were novel hits. Morphologically and biochemically, (±)5-epi-CP55,940 elicited caspase-mediated apoptosis of PC-3-luc2 (a PC-3 subline with luciferase) prostate cancer and Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines, each the most aggressive of the respective organ site. The apoptosis induced by (±)5-epi-CP55,940 was abolished by the CB2 antagonist, SR144528, but not modulated by the CB1 antagonist, rimonabant, and GPR55 antagonist, ML-193, nor TRPV1 antagonist, SB-705498. In contrast, 5-fluoro NPB-22 and FUB-NPB-22 did not cause substantial apoptosis in either cell line, but resulted in cytosolic vacuoles and increased LC3-II formation (suggestive of autophagy) and S and G2/M cell cycle arrests. Combining each fluoro compound with an autophagy inhibitor, hydroxychloroquine, enhanced the apoptosis. Conclusions: 5-Fluoro NPB-22, FUB-NPB-22, and LY2183240 represent new leads against prostate and pancreatic cancer cells in addition to the previously reported compounds, HU-331, (±)5-epi-CP55,940, and PTI-2. Mechanistically, the two fluoro compounds and (±)5-epi-CP55,940 differed regarding their structures, CB receptor involvement, and death/fate responses and signaling. Safety and antitumor efficacy studies in animal models are warranted to guide further R&D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepkamal Karelia
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pennsylvania-Designated Medical Marijuana Academic Clinical Research Center at Penn State, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary Corey
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wesley M Raup-Konsavage
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pennsylvania-Designated Medical Marijuana Academic Clinical Research Center at Penn State, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kent E Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pennsylvania-Designated Medical Marijuana Academic Clinical Research Center at Penn State, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Junxuan Lü
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pennsylvania-Designated Medical Marijuana Academic Clinical Research Center at Penn State, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pennsylvania-Designated Medical Marijuana Academic Clinical Research Center at Penn State, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
McKay RR, Nelson TJ, Pagadala MS, Teerlink CC, Gao A, Bryant AK, Agiri FY, Guram K, Thompson RF, Pridgen KM, Seibert TM, Lee KM, Carter H, Lynch JA, Hauger RL, Rose BS. Adrenal-Permissive Germline HSD3B1 Allele and Prostate Cancer Outcomes. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e242976. [PMID: 38506808 PMCID: PMC10955379 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.2976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The adrenal androgen-metabolizing 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 enzyme, encoded by the HSD3B1 gene, catalyzes the rate-limiting step necessary for synthesizing nontesticular testosterone and dihydrotestosterone production. The common adrenal-permissive HSD3B1(1245C) allele is responsible for encoding the 3β-HSD1 protein with decreased susceptibility to degradation resulting in higher extragonadal androgen synthesis. Retrospective studies have suggested an association of the HSD3B1 adrenal-permissive homozygous genotype with androgen deprivation therapy resistance in prostate cancer. Objective To evaluate differences in mortality outcomes by HSD3B1 genetic status among men with prostate cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study of patients with prostate cancer who were enrolled in the Million Veteran Program within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) system between 2011 and 2023 collected genotyping and phenotyping information. Exposure HSD3B1 genotype status was categorized as AA (homozygous adrenal-restrictive), AC (heterozygous adrenal-restrictive), or CC (homozygous adrenal-permissive). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome of this study was prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM), defined as the time from diagnosis to death from prostate cancer, censored at the date of last VHA follow-up. Secondary outcomes included incidence of metastases and PCSM in predefined subgroups. Results Of the 5287 participants (median [IQR] age, 69 [64-74] years), 402 (7.6%) had the CC genotype, 1970 (37.3%) had the AC genotype, and 2915 (55.1%) had the AA genotype. Overall, the primary cause of death for 91 patients (1.7%) was prostate cancer. Cumulative incidence of PCSM at 5 years after prostate cancer diagnosis was higher among men with the CC genotype (4.0%; 95% CI, 1.7%-6.2%) compared with the AC genotype (2.1%; 95% CI, 1.3%-2.8%) and AA genotype (1.9%; 95% CI, 1.3%-2.4%) (P = .02). In the 619 patients who developed metastatic disease at any time, the cumulative incidence of PCSM at 5 years was higher among patients with the CC genotype (36.0%; 95% CI, 16.7%-50.8%) compared with the AC genotype (17.9%; 95% CI, 10.5%-24.7%) and AA genotype (18.5%; 95% CI, 12.0%-24.6%) (P = .01). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of US veterans undergoing treatment for prostate cancer at the VHA, the HSD3B1 CC genotype was associated with inferior outcomes. The HSD3B1 biomarker may help identify patients who may benefit from therapeutic targeting of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 and the androgen-signaling axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana R McKay
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Tyler J Nelson
- Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Meghana S Pagadala
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Craig C Teerlink
- Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Anthony Gao
- Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Alex K Bryant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Fatai Y Agiri
- Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kripa Guram
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Reid F Thompson
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland
- Division of Hospital and Specialty Medicine, Veterans Affairs Portland Healthcare System, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kathryn M Pridgen
- Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Tyler M Seibert
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hannah Carter
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Julie A Lynch
- Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Richard L Hauger
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Center for Behavioral Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Brent S Rose
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Abbaszadeh F, Faraji F, Amirian R, Sinha D, McMahon EG, Bishayee A. Targeting the key players of phenotypic plasticity in cancer cells by phytochemicals. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:261-292. [PMID: 38169011 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Plasticity of phenotypic traits refers to an organism's ability to change in response to environmental stimuli. As a result, the response may alter an organism's physiological state, morphology, behavior, and phenotype. Phenotypic plasticity in cancer cells describes the considerable ability of cancer cells to transform phenotypes through non-genetic molecular signaling activities that promote therapy evasion and tumor metastasis via amplifying cancer heterogeneity. As a result of metastable phenotypic state transitions, cancer cells can tolerate chemotherapy or develop transient adaptive resistance. Therefore, new findings have paved the road in identifying factors and agents that inhibit or suppress phenotypic plasticity. It has also investigated novel multitargeted agents that may promise new effective strategies in cancer treatment. Despite the efficiency of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, drug toxicity, development of resistance, and high-cost limit their use in cancer therapy. Recent research has shown that small molecules derived from natural sources are capable of suppressing cancer by focusing on the plasticity of phenotypic responses. This systematic, comprehensive, and critical review analyzes the current state of knowledge regarding the ability of phytocompounds to target phenotypic plasticity at both preclinical and clinical levels. Current challenges/pitfalls, limitations, and future perspectives are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838678, Iran
| | - Roshanak Amirian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Dona Sinha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Emily G McMahon
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Serritella AV, Hussain M. Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer in the Era of Doublet and Triplet Therapy. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:293-312. [PMID: 38291265 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer has undergone significant evolution in recent years, leading to substantial improvements in overall survival. Men are living longer than ever before with a median survival now which is almost 6 years. The timing and extent of metastatic disease combined with individual patient factors helps treatment recommendation of doublet therapy including androgen deprivation (ADT) plus either chemotherapy or androgen receptor signaling inhibition (ARSI) or triplet therapy with ADT+ARSI+chemotherapy. New treatments must continue to be developed to enhance survival with goals of cure. Better biomarkers that allow for more effective treatments will enhance disease control, quality of life, and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony V Serritella
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maha Hussain
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Q, Adhikari E, Lester DK, Fang B, Johnson JO, Tian Y, Mockabee-Macias AT, Izumi V, Guzman KM, White MG, Koomen JM, Wargo JA, Messina JL, Qi J, Lau EK. Androgen drives melanoma invasiveness and metastatic spread by inducing tumorigenic fucosylation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1148. [PMID: 38326303 PMCID: PMC10850104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma incidence and mortality rates are historically higher for men than women. Although emerging studies have highlighted tumorigenic roles for the male sex hormone androgen and its receptor (AR) in melanoma, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these sex-associated discrepancies are poorly defined. Here, we delineate a previously undisclosed mechanism by which androgen-activated AR transcriptionally upregulates fucosyltransferase 4 (FUT4) expression, which drives melanoma invasiveness by interfering with adherens junctions (AJs). Global phosphoproteomic and fucoproteomic profiling, coupled with in vitro and in vivo functional validation, further reveal that AR-induced FUT4 fucosylates L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), which is required for FUT4-increased metastatic capacity. Tumor microarray and gene expression analyses demonstrate that AR-FUT4-L1CAM-AJs signaling correlates with pathological staging in melanoma patients. By delineating key androgen-triggered signaling that enhances metastatic aggressiveness, our findings help explain sex-associated clinical outcome disparities and highlight AR/FUT4 and its effectors as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Emma Adhikari
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Daniel K Lester
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joseph O Johnson
- Analytic Microscopy Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yijun Tian
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Andrea T Mockabee-Macias
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Victoria Izumi
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kelly M Guzman
- Analytic Microscopy Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michael G White
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John M Koomen
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jane L Messina
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jianfei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric K Lau
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhong K, Luo W, Li N, Tan X, Li Y, Yin S, Huang Y, Fang L, Ma W, Cai Y, Yin Y. CDK12 regulates angiogenesis of advanced prostate cancer by IGFBP3. Int J Oncol 2024; 64:20. [PMID: 38186306 PMCID: PMC10783938 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignancy among men, with a majority of patients presenting with distant metastases at the time of initial diagnosis. These patients are at a heightened risk of developing more aggressive castration‑resistant PCa following androgen deprivation therapy, which poses a greater challenge for treatment. Notably, the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis should not be considered an ineffective treatment strategy. The regulatory role of CDK12 in transcriptional and post‑transcriptional processes is essential for the proper functioning of various cellular processes. In the present study, the expression of CDK12 was first knocked down in cells using CRISPR or siRNA technology. Subsequently, RNA‑seq analysis, co‑immunoprecipitation, western blotting, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the LinkedOmics database were employed to reveal that CDK12 inhibits insulin like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). Western blot analysis also demonstrated that CDK12 promoted VEGFA expression by inhibiting IGFBP3, which involves the Akt signaling pathway. Then, CDK12 was found to promote PCa cell proliferation, cell migration and angiogenesis by inhibiting IGFBP3 through cell proliferation assays, cell migration assays and tube formation assays, respectively. Finally, animal experiments were performed for in vivo validation. It was concluded that CDK12 promoted PCa and its angiogenesis by inhibiting IGFBP3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Wenwu Luo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Shiyuan Yin
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yuhang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Linna Fang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yongping Cai
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hasan A, Khan NA, Uddin S, Khan AQ, Steinhoff M. Deregulated transcription factors in the emerging cancer hallmarks. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 98:31-50. [PMID: 38123029 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a multifaceted process that entails several stages and demands the persistent expression or activation of transcription factors (TFs) to facilitate growth and survival. TFs are a cluster of proteins with DNA-binding domains that attach to promoter or enhancer DNA strands to start the transcription of genes by collaborating with RNA polymerase and other supporting proteins. They are generally acknowledged as the major regulatory molecules that coordinate biological homeostasis and the appropriate functioning of cellular components, subsequently contributing to human physiology. TFs proteins are crucial for controlling transcription during the embryonic stage and development, and the stability of different cell types depends on how they function in different cell types. The development and progression of cancer cells and tumors might be triggered by any anomaly in transcription factor function. It has long been acknowledged that cancer development is accompanied by the dysregulated activity of TF alterations which might result in faulty gene expression. Recent studies have suggested that dysregulated transcription factors play a major role in developing various human malignancies by altering and rewiring metabolic processes, modifying the immune response, and triggering oncogenic signaling cascades. This review emphasizes the interplay between TFs involved in metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, evading immune attacks, cellular senescence, and the maintenance of cancer stemness in cancerous cells. The insights presented herein will facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic modalities to tackle the dysregulated transcription factors underlying cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kumar V, Sari AN, Gupta D, Ishida Y, Terao K, Kaul SC, Vrati S, Sundar D, Wadhwa R. Anti-COVID-19 Potential of Withaferin-A and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:830-842. [PMID: 38279743 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266280720231221100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic triggered research on the development of new vaccines/drugs, repurposing of clinically approved drugs, and assessment of natural anti-COVID-19 compounds. Based on the gender difference in the severity of the disease, such as a higher number of men hospitalized and in intense care units, variations in sex hormones have been predicted to play a role in disease susceptibility. Cell surface receptors (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; ACE2 and a connected transmembrane protease serine 2- TMPSS2) are upregulated by androgens. Conversely, androgen antagonists have also been shown to lower ACE2 levels, implying their usefulness in COVID-19 management. OBJECTIVES In this study, we performed computational and cell-based assays to investigate the anti- COVID-19 potential of Withaferin-A and Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, natural compounds from Withania somnifera and honeybee propolis, respectively. METHODS Structure-based computational approach was adopted to predict binding stability, interactions, and dynamics of the two test compounds to three target proteins (androgen receptor, ACE2, and TMPRSS2). Further, in vitro, cell-based experimental approaches were used to investigate the effect of compounds on target protein expression and SARS-CoV-2 replication. RESULTS Computation and experimental analyses revealed that (i) CAPE, but not Wi-A, can act as androgen antagonist and hence inhibit the transcriptional activation function of androgen receptor, (ii) while both Wi-A and CAPE could interact with ACE2 and TMPRSS2, Wi-A showed higher binding affinity, and (iii) combination of Wi-A and CAPE (Wi-ACAPE) caused strong downregulation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression and inhibition of virus infection. CONCLUSION Wi-A and CAPE possess multimodal anti-COVID-19 potential, and their combination (Wi-ACAPE) is expected to provide better activity and hence warrant further attention in the laboratory and clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Kumar
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Anissa Nofita Sari
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan
| | - Dharmender Gupta
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, 121 001, India
| | - Yoshiyuki Ishida
- CycloChem Bio Co., Ltd., 7-4-5 Minatojima-minamimachi, Kobe, 6500047, Japan
| | - Keiji Terao
- CycloChem Bio Co., Ltd., 7-4-5 Minatojima-minamimachi, Kobe, 6500047, Japan
| | - Sunil C Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan
| | - Sudhanshu Vrati
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, 121 001, India
| | - Durai Sundar
- DAILAB, Department of Biochemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305 8565, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fizazi K, Bernard-Tessier A, Roubaud G, Utriainen T, Barthélémy P, Fléchon A, van der Voet J, Gravis G, Ratta R, Jones R, Parikh O, Tanner M, Antonarakis ES, Baldini C, Peters N, Garratt C, Ikonen T, Pohjanjousi P, Joensuu H, Cook N. Targeted Inhibition of CYP11A1 in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. NEJM EVIDENCE 2024; 3:EVIDoa2300171. [PMID: 38320513 PMCID: PMC10852404 DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2300171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is regulated by steroid hormones, even in castration-resistant disease. ODM-208, a novel inhibitor of cytochrome P450 11A1 (which catalyzes the first step of steroid-hormone biosynthesis), was investigated in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). METHODS: CYPIDES is a first-in-human phase 1 (3 + 3 design) and phase 2 study. We administered ODM-208 twice daily with glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid replacement and ongoing androgen deprivation therapy to adults with previously treated mCRPC, regardless of androgen receptor gene (AR) ligand-binding domain mutations (phase 1) and with activating AR ligand-binding domain mutations (ARmut; phase 2). Safety, pharmacokinetics, steroid-hormone pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy were the key outcomes. RESULTS: Ninety-two patients received one or more doses of ODM-208: 47 in phase 1 (20 [42.6%] with ARmut) and 45 in phase 2 (all ARmut). A dose of ODM-208 of 5 mg twice a day with dexamethasone 1 mg/fludrocortisone 0.1 mg provided a balance between decreased steroidogenesis and toxicity. Treatment-related adrenal insufficiency was the most common toxicity in phase 1 (n=17, 36.2%; necessitating ODM-208 discontinuation in one patient); this toxicity occurred in six patients (13.3%) at 5 mg twice a day in phase 2. Median circulating testosterone levels declined from 3.0 ng/dl (interquartile range, 1.3 to 6.2 ng/dl) at baseline to undetectable levels within the first week of ODM-208 5 mg twice a day treatment in 46 of 53 (87%) patients. A decrease in prostate-specific antigen levels of 50% or more occurred in 14 of 19 (73.7%) patients with ARmut and 2 of 23 (8.7%) patients with AR wild type in phase 1 and in 24 of 45 (53.3%) patients with ARmut in phase 2. CONCLUSIONS: ODM-208 potently inhibited steroid-hormone biosynthesis with the expected toxicity of adrenal insufficiency. Evidence of antitumor activity was observed in this heavily pretreated mCRPC population, especially in those with ARmut. (Funded by Orion Pharma; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03436485.)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Fizazi
- Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Tapio Utriainen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Aude Fléchon
- Medical Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Robert Jones
- Cardiff University and Velindre University National Health Service Trust, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Omi Parikh
- Oncology, Royal Preston Hospital-Lancashire Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Minna Tanner
- R&D, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Capucine Baldini
- Drug Development Department, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Niamh Peters
- University of Manchester and the Christie National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Natalie Cook
- University of Manchester and the Christie National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Valente-Santos J, Vitorino R, Sousa-Mendes C, Oliveira P, Colaço B, Faustino-Rocha AI, Neuparth MJ, Leite-Moreira A, Duarte JA, Ferreira R, Amado F. Long-Term Exposure to Supraphysiological Levels of Testosterone Impacts Rat Submandibular Gland Proteome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:550. [PMID: 38203721 PMCID: PMC10778877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The salivary glands play a central role in the secretion of saliva, whose composition and volume affect oral and overall health. A lesser-explored dimension encompasses the possible changes in salivary gland proteomes in response to fluctuations in sex hormone levels. This study aimed to examine the effects of chronic exposure to testosterone on salivary gland remodeling, particularly focusing on proteomic adaptations. Therefore, male Wistar rats were implanted with subcutaneous testosterone-releasing devices at 14 weeks of age. Their submandibular glands were histologically and molecularly analyzed 47 weeks later. The results underscored a significant increase in gland mass after testosterone exposure, further supported by histologic evidence of granular duct enlargement. Despite increased circulating sex hormones, there was no detectable shift in the tissue levels of estrogen alpha and androgen receptors. GeLC-MS/MS and subsequent bioinformatics identified 308 proteins in the submandibular glands, 12 of which were modulated by testosterone. Of note was the pronounced upregulation of Klk3 and the downregulation of Klk6 and Klk7 after testosterone exposure. Protein-protein interaction analysis with the androgen receptor suggests that Klk3 is a potential target of androgenic signaling, paralleling previous findings in the prostate. This exploratory analysis sheds light on the response of salivary glands to testosterone exposure, providing proteome-level insights into the associated weight and histological changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Valente-Santos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.V.-S.); (R.F.)
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Cláudia Sousa-Mendes
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.-M.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - Paula Oliveira
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.O.); (A.I.F.-R.)
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Department of Animal Science, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Ana I. Faustino-Rocha
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.O.); (A.I.F.-R.)
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria João Neuparth
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.N.); (J.A.D.)
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.-M.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.N.); (J.A.D.)
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.V.-S.); (R.F.)
| | - Francisco Amado
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.V.-S.); (R.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pernigoni N, Guo C, Gallagher L, Yuan W, Colucci M, Troiani M, Liu L, Maraccani L, Guccini I, Migliorini D, de Bono J, Alimonti A. The potential role of the microbiota in prostate cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:706-718. [PMID: 37491512 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The human body hosts a complex and dynamic population of trillions of microorganisms - the microbiota - which influences the body in homeostasis and disease, including cancer. Several epidemiological studies have associated specific urinary and gut microbial species with increased risk of prostate cancer; however, causal mechanistic data remain elusive. Studies have associated bacterial generation of genotoxins with the occurrence of TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions, a common, early oncogenic event during prostate carcinogenesis. A subsequent study demonstrated the role of the gut microbiota in prostate cancer endocrine resistance, which occurs, at least partially, through the generation of androgenic steroids fuelling oncogenic signalling via the androgen receptor. These studies present mechanistic evidence of how the host microbiota might be implicated in prostate carcinogenesis and tumour progression. Importantly, these findings also reveal potential avenues for the detection and treatment of prostate cancer through the profiling and modulation of the host microbiota. The latter could involve approaches such as the use of faecal microbiota transplantation, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics or antibiotics, which can be used independently or combined with existing treatments to reverse therapeutic resistance and improve clinical outcomes in patients with prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Pernigoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Christina Guo
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Manuel Colucci
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martina Troiani
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Maraccani
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Guccini
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Migliorini
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Cancer Center Léman, Lausanne and Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johann de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andrea Alimonti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Giafaglione JM, Crowell PD, Delcourt AML, Hashimoto T, Ha SM, Atmakuri A, Nunley NM, Dang RMA, Tian M, Diaz JA, Tika E, Payne MC, Burkhart DL, Li D, Navone NM, Corey E, Nelson PS, Lin NYC, Blanpain C, Ellis L, Boutros PC, Goldstein AS. Prostate lineage-specific metabolism governs luminal differentiation and response to antiandrogen treatment. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1821-1832. [PMID: 38049604 PMCID: PMC10709144 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Lineage transitions are a central feature of prostate development, tumourigenesis and treatment resistance. While epigenetic changes are well known to drive prostate lineage transitions, it remains unclear how upstream metabolic signalling contributes to the regulation of prostate epithelial identity. To fill this gap, we developed an approach to perform metabolomics on primary prostate epithelial cells. Using this approach, we discovered that the basal and luminal cells of the prostate exhibit distinct metabolomes and nutrient utilization patterns. Furthermore, basal-to-luminal differentiation is accompanied by increased pyruvate oxidation. We establish the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier and subsequent lactate accumulation as regulators of prostate luminal identity. Inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier or supplementation with exogenous lactate results in large-scale chromatin remodelling, influencing both lineage-specific transcription factors and response to antiandrogen treatment. These results establish reciprocal regulation of metabolism and prostate epithelial lineage identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Giafaglione
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Preston D Crowell
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amelie M L Delcourt
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Takao Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sung Min Ha
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aishwarya Atmakuri
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas M Nunley
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel M A Dang
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mao Tian
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnny A Diaz
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elisavet Tika
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, WEL Research Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie C Payne
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Deborah L Burkhart
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dapei Li
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora M Navone
- Department of GU Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Neil Y C Lin
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cedric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, WEL Research Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew S Goldstein
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Oshima M, Takayama KI, Yamada Y, Kimura N, Kume H, Fujimura T, Inoue S. Identification of DNA damage response-related genes as biomarkers for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19602. [PMID: 37950047 PMCID: PMC10638319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hormone therapy is effective for the treatment of prostate cancer (Pca), many patients develop a lethal type of Pca called castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Dysregulation of DNA damage response (DDR)-related genes leads to Pca progression. Here, we explored DDR-related signals upregulated in CRPC tissues. We analyzed the gene expression profiles in our RNA-sequence (RNA-seq) dataset containing benign prostate, primary Pca, and CRPC samples. We identified six DDR-related genes (Ribonuclease H2 Subunit A (RNASEH2A), replication factor C subunit 2 (RFC2), RFC4, DNA Ligase 1 (LIG1), DNA polymerase D1 (POLD1), and DNA polymerase E4 (POLE4)) that were upregulated in CRPC compared with Pca tissues. By analyzing public databases and validation studies, we focused on RFC2 as a new biomarker. Functional analysis demonstrated that silencing of RFC2 expression inhibited cell proliferation and induced the expression of DNA damage and apoptosis markers in CRPC model cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis revealed that high expression of RFC2 protein correlated with poor prognosis in patients with Pca and increased expression in CRPC tissues compared with localized Pca. Thus, our study suggests that six DDR-related genes would be important for Pca progression. RFC2 could be a useful biomarker associated with poor outcomes of patients with Pca.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Oshima
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
- Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Takayama
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamada
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Kimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Parres-Gold J, Levine M, Emert B, Stuart A, Elowitz MB. Principles of Computation by Competitive Protein Dimerization Networks. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.30.564854. [PMID: 37961250 PMCID: PMC10634983 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.30.564854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Many biological signaling pathways employ proteins that competitively dimerize in diverse combinations. These dimerization networks can perform biochemical computations, in which the concentrations of monomers (inputs) determine the concentrations of dimers (outputs). Despite their prevalence, little is known about the range of input-output computations that dimerization networks can perform (their "expressivity") and how it depends on network size and connectivity. Using a systematic computational approach, we demonstrate that even small dimerization networks (3-6 monomers) are expressive, performing diverse multi-input computations. Further, dimerization networks are versatile, performing different computations when their protein components are expressed at different levels, such as in different cell types. Remarkably, individual networks with random interaction affinities, when large enough (≥8 proteins), can perform nearly all (~90%) potential one-input network computations merely by tuning their monomer expression levels. Thus, even the simple process of competitive dimerization provides a powerful architecture for multi-input, cell-type-specific signal processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Parres-Gold
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Matthew Levine
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Benjamin Emert
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Andrew Stuart
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Michael B. Elowitz
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li K, Xia Y, He J, Wang J, Li J, Ye M, Jin X. The SUMOylation and ubiquitination crosstalk in cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16123-16146. [PMID: 37640846 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cancer occurrence and progression are largely affected by the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins. Currently, it has been shown that the relationship between ubiquitination and SUMOylation is highly complex and interactive. SUMOylation affects the process of ubiquitination and degradation of substrates. Contrarily, SUMOylation-related proteins are also regulated by the ubiquitination process thus altering their protein levels or activity. Emerging evidence suggests that the abnormal regulation between this crosstalk may lead to tumorigenesis. PURPOSE In this review, we have discussed the study of the relationship between ubiquitination and SUMOylation, as well as the possibility of a corresponding application in tumor therapy. METHODS The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article. CONCLUSION The interaction between ubiquitination and SUMOylation is crucial for the occurrence and development of cancer. A greater understanding of the crosstalk of SUMOylation and ubiquitination may be more conducive to the development of more selective and effective SUMOylation inhibitors, as well as a promotion of synergy with other tumor treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailang Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yongming Xia
- Department of Oncology, Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Yuyao, 315400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Duarte-Silva M, Oliveira CNS, Fuzo C, Silva-Neto PV, Toro DM, Pimentel VE, Pérez MM, Fraga-Silva TFC, Carvalho JCS, Neto FMS, Júnior RBM, Arruda E, Vilar FC, Degiovani AM, Ostini FM, Feitosa MR, Parra RS, Gaspar GG, Rocha JJR, Feres O, Fernandes APM, Maruyama SR, Russo EMS, Bonato VLD, Santos IKFM, Sorgi CA, Dias-Baruffi M, Faccioli LH, Cardoso CRB. Divergent androgenic modulation of SARS-CoV-2 infection cooperates with dysregulated immune response to dictate worse COVID-19 outcomes in men. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:275-286. [PMID: 37648004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-determined differences are rarely addressed in the management of diseases, despite well-known contrasting outcomes between female and male patients. In COVID-19 there is a remarkable disparity, with higher rates of mortality and more severe acute disease in men compared to women, who are mostly affected by long COVID-19. Furthermore, whether androgens play a protective or detrimental role in COVID-19 is still a matter of debate. Hence, the adequate management of the disease, especially regarding men presenting acute disease aggravation, still needs important data to elucidate the interplay between sex hormones and host immune responses that drive the worse evolution in male patients. METHODS A cohort of 92 controls and 198 non-severe and severe COVID-19 patients, from both sexes, was assessed for clinical outcomes, plasma steroids, gonadotropins, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and immune mediators, before vaccination. These data were correlated with the global gene expression of blood leukocytes. The androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway was investigated by transcriptomics and tracheal aspirate was obtained from severe patients for SARS-COV-2 quantification in the respiratory tract. The interplay among clinical, endocrine and immunological data deciphered the sex differences in COVID-19. Importantly, statistical analyses, using 95% confidence interval, considered confounding factors such as age and comorbidities, to definitely parse the role of androgens in the disease outcome. RESULTS There were notable contrasting levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) throughout the disease course in male but not female patients. Inflammatory mediators presented significant negative correlations with testosterone, which was partially dependent on age and diabetes in men. Male subjects with severe COVID-19 had a significant up regulation of the AR signaling pathway, including modulation of TMPRSS2 and SRD5A1 genes, which are related to the viral infection and DHT production. Indeed, men had a higher viral load in the tracheal aspirate and levels of DHT were associated with increased relative risk of death. In contrast, the testosterone hormone, which was notably reduced in severe disease, was significantly related with susceptibility to COVID-19 worsening in male patients. Secondary hypogonadism was ruled out in the male severe COVID-19 subjects, as FSH, LH, and SHBG levels were not significantly altered. Instead, these subjects tended to have increased gonadotropin levels. Most interestingly, in this study we identified, for the first time, combined sets of clinical and immunoendocrine parameters that together predicted progression from non-severe to severe COVID-19 in men. One of the limitations of our study was the low or undetectable levels of DHT in many patients. Then, the evaluation of enzymes related to biosynthesis and signaling by androgens was mandatory and reiterated our findings. CONCLUSIONS These original results unraveled the disease immunoendocrine regulation, despite vaccination or comorbidities and pointed to the fundamental divergent role of the androgens testosterone and DHT in the determination of COVID-19 outcomes in men. Therefore, sex-specific management of the dysregulated responses, treatments or public health measures should be considered for the control of COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murillo Duarte-Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Camilla N S Oliveira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fuzo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Pedro V Silva-Neto
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Amazonas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Brazil
| | - Diana M Toro
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Amazonas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Brazil
| | - Vinícius E Pimentel
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Malena M Pérez
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Thais F C Fraga-Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Jonatan C S Carvalho
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Firmino M S Neto
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B M Júnior
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Eurico Arruda
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Vilar
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | | | - Fátima M Ostini
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marley R Feitosa
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Rogerio S Parra
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto G Gaspar
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - José J R Rocha
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Omar Feres
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra R Maruyama
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Brazil
| | - Elisa M S Russo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Vânia L D Bonato
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Isabel K F M Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Sorgi
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - FMRP/USP, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Amazonas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Brazil; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Lúcia H Faccioli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil
| | - Cristina R B Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP/USP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Parsons EC, Hoffmann R, Baillie GS. Revisiting the roles of cAMP signalling in the progression of prostate cancer. Biochem J 2023; 480:1599-1614. [PMID: 37830741 PMCID: PMC10586777 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and one of the top causes of death in men worldwide. Development and function of both normal prostate cells and early-stage prostate cancer cells are dependent on the cross-talk between androgen signalling systems and a variety of other transduction pathways which drive differentiation of these cells towards castration-resistance. One such signalling pathway is the ubiquitous cAMP signalling axis which functions to activate spatially restricted pools of cAMP effectors such as protein kinase A (PKA). The importance of both PKA and cAMP in the development of prostate cancer, and their interactions with the androgen receptor, were the focus of a review by Merkle and Hoffmann in 2010. In this updated review, we revisit this topic with analysis of current PKA-related prostate cancer literature and introduce novel information on the relevance of another cAMP effector, the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Parsons
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, U.K
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Oncology, Philips Research Eindhoven, High Tech Campus 34, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - George S. Baillie
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Oyer HM, Steck AR, Longen CG, Venkat S, Bayrak K, Munger EB, Fu D, Castagnino PA, Sanders CM, Tancler NA, Mai MT, Myers JP, Schiewer MJ, Chen N, Mostaghel EA, Kim FJ. Sigma1 Regulates Lipid Droplet-mediated Redox Homeostasis Required for Prostate Cancer Proliferation. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2195-2210. [PMID: 37874216 PMCID: PMC10615122 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) are dynamic organelles that serve as hubs of cellular metabolic processes. Emerging evidence shows that LDs also play a critical role in maintaining redox homeostasis and can mitigate lipid oxidative stress. In multiple cancers, including prostate cancer, LD accumulation is associated with cancer aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and poor clinical outcome. Prostate cancer arises as an androgen receptor (AR)-driven disease. Among its myriad roles, AR mediates the biosynthesis of LDs, induces autophagy, and modulates cellular oxidative stress in a tightly regulated cycle that promotes cell proliferation. The factors regulating the interplay of these metabolic processes downstream of AR remain unclear. Here, we show that Sigma1/SIGMAR1, a unique ligand-operated scaffolding protein, regulates LD metabolism in prostate cancer cells. Sigma1 inhibition triggers lipophagy, an LD selective form of autophagy, to prevent accumulation of LDs which normally act to sequester toxic levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This disrupts the interplay between LDs, autophagy, buffering of oxidative stress and redox homeostasis, and results in the suppression of cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Consistent with these experimental results, SIGMAR1 transcripts are strongly associated with lipid metabolism and ROS pathways in prostate tumors. Altogether, these data reveal a novel, pharmacologically responsive role for Sigma1 in regulating the redox homeostasis required by oncogenic metabolic programs that drive prostate cancer proliferation. SIGNIFICANCE To proliferate, cancer cells must maintain productive metabolic and oxidative stress (eustress) while mitigating destructive, uncontrolled oxidative stress (distress). LDs are metabolic hubs that enable adaptive responses to promote eustress. Targeting the unique Sigma1 protein can trigger distress by disrupting the LD-mediated homeostasis required for proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halley M. Oyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexandra R. Steck
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles G. Longen
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sanjana Venkat
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Konuralp Bayrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Eleanor B. Munger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paola A. Castagnino
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christina M. Sanders
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nathalia A. Tancler
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - My T. Mai
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Justin P. Myers
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew J. Schiewer
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elahe A. Mostaghel
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
| | - Felix J. Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chaudagar K, Rameshbabu S, Mei S, Hirz T, Hu YM, Argulian A, Labadie B, Desai K, Grimaldo S, Kahramangil D, Nair R, DSouza S, Zhou D, Li M, Doughan F, Chen R, Shafran J, Loyd M, Xia Z, Sykes DB, Moran A, Patnaik A. Androgen blockade primes NLRP3 in macrophages to induce tumor phagocytosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.15.557996. [PMID: 37904975 PMCID: PMC10614738 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.15.557996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Immune-based therapies induce durable remissions in subsets of patients across multiple malignancies. However, there is limited efficacy of immunotherapy in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), manifested by an enrichment of immunosuppressive (M2) tumor- associated macrophages (TAM) in the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). Therefore, therapeutic strategies to overcome TAM-mediated immunosuppression are critically needed in mCRPC. Here we discovered that NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), an innate immune sensing protein, is highly expressed in TAM from metastatic PC patients treated with standard-of-care androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Importantly, ex vivo studies revealed that androgen receptor (AR) blockade in TAM upregulates NLRP3 expression, but not inflammasome activity, and concurrent AR blockade/NLRP3 agonist (NLRP3a) treatment promotes cancer cell phagocytosis by immunosuppressive M2 TAM. In contrast, NLRP3a monotherapy was sufficient to enhance phagocytosis of cancer cells in anti-tumor (M1) TAM, which exhibit high de novo NLRP3 expression. Critically, combinatorial treatment with ADT/NLRP3a in a murine model of advanced PC resulted in significant tumor control, with tumor clearance in 55% of mice via TAM phagocytosis. Collectively, our results demonstrate NLRP3 as an AR-regulated "macrophage phagocytic checkpoint", inducibly expressed in TAM by ADT and activated by NLRP3a treatment, the combination resulting in TAM-mediated phagocytosis and tumor control.
Collapse
|
39
|
Esser-Skala W, Fortelny N. Reliable interpretability of biology-inspired deep neural networks. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:50. [PMID: 37816807 PMCID: PMC10564878 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00310-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep neural networks display impressive performance but suffer from limited interpretability. Biology-inspired deep learning, where the architecture of the computational graph is based on biological knowledge, enables unique interpretability where real-world concepts are encoded in hidden nodes, which can be ranked by importance and thereby interpreted. In such models trained on single-cell transcriptomes, we previously demonstrated that node-level interpretations lack robustness upon repeated training and are influenced by biases in biological knowledge. Similar studies are missing for related models. Here, we test and extend our methodology for reliable interpretability in P-NET, a biology-inspired model trained on patient mutation data. We observe variability of interpretations and susceptibility to knowledge biases, and identify the network properties that drive interpretation biases. We further present an approach to control the robustness and biases of interpretations, which leads to more specific interpretations. In summary, our study reveals the broad importance of methods to ensure robust and bias-aware interpretability in biology-inspired deep learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Esser-Skala
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Fortelny
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tsujino T, Tokushige S, Komura K, Fukuokaya W, Adachi T, Hirasawa Y, Hashimoto T, Yoshizawa A, Saruta M, Ohno T, Nakamori K, Maenosono R, Nishimura K, Yamazaki S, Uchimoto T, Yanagisawa T, Mori K, Urabe F, Tsuzuki S, Iwatani K, Yamamoto S, Takahara K, Inamoto T, Kimura T, Ohno Y, Shiroki R, Azuma H. Real-world survival outcome comparing abiraterone acetate plus prednisone and enzalutamide for nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19414-19422. [PMID: 37706578 PMCID: PMC10587977 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little evidence of abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone for patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of real-world survival outcomes between AA plus prednisone and enzalutamide (Enz) in patients with nmCRPC, utilizing our consortium dataset. MATERIALS AND METHODS The clinical records of 133 nmCRPC patients treated with first-line Enz or AA plus prednisone were analyzed. The primary endpoints of the study were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Cumulative incidence function (CIF) using Fine and Gray models was also utilized to assess non-cancer-caused death considering the competing risk of cancer-caused death. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 36 months, 34 patients (25.6%) had deceased, with a median OS of 99 months in the entire cohort. There were no significant differences in comorbidities between the Enz and AA groups. Time to PSA progression (TTPP: HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.51-1.30, P = 0.375) and CSS (HR 1.32, 95% CI 0.55-3.44, P = 0.5141) were comparable between the two groups. However, intriguingly, there was a trend towards shorter OS in patients treated with AA plus prednisone compared to Enz (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.29-1.12, P = 0.0978, median of 99 and 69 months in Enz and AA groups, respectively). CIF analysis revealed that nmCRPC patients treated with AA plus prednisone were more likely to result in non-cancer-caused death than those treated with Enz (HR 5.22, 95% CI 1.88-14.50, P = 0.0014). CONCLUSIONS Our real-world survival analysis suggests that while AA plus prednisone may demonstrate comparable treatment efficacy to Enz in the context of nmCRPC, there may be an increased risk of non-cancer-caused death. Physicians should take into consideration this information when making treatment decisions for patients with nmCRPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tsujino
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Satoshi Tokushige
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Kazumasa Komura
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Wataru Fukuokaya
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineMinato‐kuJapan
| | - Takahiro Adachi
- Department of UrologyTokyo Medical UniversityShinjuku‐kuJapan
| | - Yosuke Hirasawa
- Department of UrologyTokyo Medical UniversityShinjuku‐kuJapan
| | | | - Atsuhiko Yoshizawa
- Department of UrologyFujita‐Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Masanobu Saruta
- Department of UrologyFujita‐Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Takaya Ohno
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Keita Nakamori
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Ryoichi Maenosono
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Kazuki Nishimura
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Shogo Yamazaki
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Taizo Uchimoto
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | | | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineMinato‐kuJapan
| | - Fumihiko Urabe
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineMinato‐kuJapan
| | - Shunsuke Tsuzuki
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineMinato‐kuJapan
| | - Kosuke Iwatani
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineMinato‐kuJapan
| | - Shutaro Yamamoto
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineMinato‐kuJapan
| | - Kiyoshi Takahara
- Department of UrologyFujita‐Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Teruo Inamoto
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| | - Takahiro Kimura
- Department of UrologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineMinato‐kuJapan
| | - Yoshio Ohno
- Department of UrologyTokyo Medical UniversityShinjuku‐kuJapan
| | - Ryoichi Shiroki
- Department of UrologyFujita‐Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of UrologyOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityTakatsukiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mileo A, Chianese T, Fasciolo G, Venditti P, Capaldo A, Rosati L, De Falco M. Effects of Dibutylphthalate and Steroid Hormone Mixture on Human Prostate Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14341. [PMID: 37762641 PMCID: PMC10531810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are a family of aromatic chemical compounds mainly used as plasticizers. Among phthalates, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is a low-molecular-weight phthalate used as a component of many cosmetic products, such as nail polish, and other perfumed personal care products. DBP has toxic effects on reproductive health, inducing testicular damage and developmental malformations. Inside the male reproductive system, the prostate gland reacts to both male and female sex steroids. For this reason, it represents an important target of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), compounds that are able to affect the estrogen and androgen signaling pathways, thus interfering with prostate homeostasis and inducing several prostate pathologies. The aim of this project was to investigate the effects of DBP, alone and in combination with testosterone (T), 17β-estradiol (E2), and both, on the normal PNT1A human prostate cell-derived cell line, to mimic environmental contamination. We showed that DBP and all of the tested mixtures increase cell viability through activation of both estrogen receptor α (ERα) and androgen receptor (AR). DBP modulated steroid receptor levels in a nonmonotonic way, and differently to endogenous hormones. In addition, DBP translocated ERα to the nucleus over different durations and for a more prolonged time than E2, altering the normal responsiveness of prostate cells. However, DBP alone seemed not to influence AR localization, but AR was continuously and persistently activated when DBP was used in combination. Our results show that DBP alone, and in mixture, alters redox homeostasis in prostate cells, leading to a greater increase in cell oxidative susceptibility. In addition, we also demonstrate that DBP increases the migratory potential of PNT1A cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that DBP, alone and in mixtures with endogenous steroid hormones, acts as an EDC, resulting in an altered prostate cell physiology and making these cells more prone to cancer transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Mileo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Teresa Chianese
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Anna Capaldo
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
- CIRAM, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Ambiente”, University Federico II of Naples, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (T.C.); (G.F.); (P.V.); (A.C.); (L.R.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dai C, Dehm SM, Sharifi N. Targeting the Androgen Signaling Axis in Prostate Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:4267-4278. [PMID: 37429011 PMCID: PMC10852396 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the androgen receptor (AR) and AR-driven transcriptional programs is central to the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. Despite successful translational efforts in targeting AR, therapeutic resistance often occurs as a result of molecular alterations in the androgen signaling axis. The efficacy of next-generation AR-directed therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer has provided crucial clinical validation for the continued dependence on AR signaling and introduced a range of new treatment options for men with both castration-resistant and castration-sensitive disease. Despite this, however, metastatic prostate cancer largely remains an incurable disease, highlighting the need to better understand the diverse mechanisms by which tumors thwart AR-directed therapies, which may inform new therapeutic avenues. In this review, we revisit concepts in AR signaling and current understandings of AR signaling-dependent resistance mechanisms as well as the next frontier of AR targeting in prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Dai
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Scott M. Dehm
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jiang J, Chen B, Tang B, Wei Q. Selenium in Prostate Cancer: Prevention, Progression, and Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1250. [PMID: 37765058 PMCID: PMC10536940 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium, a trace mineral with various biological functions, has become a focal point in prostate cancer research. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of selenium's involvement in prostate cancer, covering its impact on prevention, development, treatment, and underlying mechanisms. Observational studies have revealed a link between selenium levels and selenoproteins with prostate cancer progression. However, randomized controlled studies have shown that selenium supplementation does not prevent prostate cancer (HR: 0.95; 95% CI 0.80-1.13). This discrepancy might be attributed to selenoprotein single nucleotide polymorphisms. In the context of combinatorial therapy, selenium has demonstrated promising synergistic potential in the treatment of prostate cancer. Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of selenium and selenoproteins in prostate cancer, encompassing AR signaling, antioxidative properties, cell death, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, epigenetic regulation, immunoregulation, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, and redox signal. In conclusion, selenium's diverse properties make it a promising trace mineral in prostate cancer prevention, development, and treatment and as a platform for exploring novel agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjiang Jiang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Alati S, Singh R, Pomper MG, Rowe SP, Banerjee SR. Preclinical Development in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Semin Nucl Med 2023; 53:663-686. [PMID: 37468417 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Among the various treatment options, radiopharmaceutical therapy has shown notable success in metastatic, castration-resistant disease. Radiopharmaceutical therapy is a systemic approach that delivers cytotoxic radiation doses precisely to the malignant tumors and/or tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are composed of a therapeutic radionuclide and a high-affinity, tumor-targeting carrier molecule. Therapeutic radionuclides used in preclinical prostate cancer studies are primarily α-, β--, or Auger-electron-emitting radiometals or radiohalogens. Monoclonal antibodies, antibody-derived fragments, peptides, and small molecules are frequently used as tumor-targeting molecules. Over the years, several important membrane-associated proteases and receptors have been identified, validated, and subsequently used for preclinical radiotherapeutic development for prostate cancer. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is the most well-studied prostate cancer-associated protease in preclinical literature. PSMA-targeting radiotherapeutic agents are being investigated using high-affinity antibody- and small-molecule-based agents for safety and efficacy. Early generations of such agents were developed simply by replacing radionuclides of the imaging agents with therapeutic ones. Later, extensive structure-activity relationship studies were conducted to address the safety and efficacy issues obtained from initial patient data. Recent regulatory approval of the 177Lu-labeled low-molecular-weight agent, 177Lu-PSMA-617, is a significant accomplishment. Current preclinical experiments are focused on the structural modification of 177Lu-PSMA-617 and relevant investigational agents to increase tumor targeting and reduce off-target binding and toxicity in healthy organs. While lutetium-177 (177Lu) remains the most widely used radionuclide, radiolabeled analogs with iodine-131 (128I), yttrium-90 (89Y), copper-67 (67Cu), and terbium-161 (161Tb) have been evaluated as potential alternatives in recent years. In addition, agents carrying the α-particle-emitting radiohalogen, astatine-211 (211At), or radiometals, actinium-225 (225Ac), lead-212 (212Pb), radium-223 (223Ra), and thorium-227 (227Th), have been increasingly investigated in preclinical research. Besides PSMA-based radiotherapeutics, other prominent prostate cancer-related proteases, for example, human kallikrein peptidases (HK2 and HK3), have been explored using monoclonal-antibody-(mAb)-based targeting platforms. Several promising mAbs targeting receptors overexpressed on the different stages of prostate cancer have also been developed for radiopharmaceutical therapy, for example, Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL-3), CD46, and CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1). Progress is also being made using peptide-based targeting platforms for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), a well-established membrane-associated receptor expressed in localized and metastatic prostate cancers. Furthermore, mechanism-driven combination therapies appear to be a burgeoning area in the context of preclinical prostate cancer radiotherapeutics. Here, we review the current developments related to the preclinical radiopharmaceutical therapy of prostate cancer. These are summarized in two major topics: (1) therapeutic radionuclides and (2) tumor-targeting approaches using monoclonal antibodies, small molecules, and peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Alati
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rajan Singh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Steven P Rowe
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sangeeta Ray Banerjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
McManus JM, Chung YM, Sharifi N. 3βHSD activity saturates at physiological substrate concentrations in intact cells. Prostate 2023; 83:1306-1309. [PMID: 37321973 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conversion of adrenally produced dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to the potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is an important mechanism by which prostate cancer reaches castration resistance. At the start of this pathway is a branch point at which DHEA can be converted to Δ4 -androstenedione by the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βHSD) or to Δ5 -androstenediol by 17βHSD. To better understand this process, we studied the kinetics of these reactions in cells. METHODS Prostate cancer cells (LNCaP cell line) were incubated with steroids (DHEA and Δ5 -androstenediol) over a range of concentrations and the steroid metabolism reaction products were measured by mass spectrometry or by high-performance liquid chromatography to determine reaction kinetics. To confirm the generalizability of results, experiments were also performed in JEG-3 placental choriocarcinoma cells. RESULTS The two reactions displayed very different saturation profiles, with only the 3βHSD-catalyzed reaction beginning to saturate within a physiological substrate concentration range. Strikingly, incubating LNCaP cells with low (in the ~10 nM range) concentrations of DHEA resulted in a large majority of the DHEA undergoing 3βHSD-catalyzed conversion to Δ4 -androstenedione, whereas high concentrations of DHEA (in the 100s of nM range) resulted in most of the DHEA undergoing 17βHSD-catalyzed conversion to Δ5 -androstenediol. CONCLUSION Contrary to expectations from previous studies that used purified enzyme, cellular metabolism of DHEA by 3βHSD begins to saturate in the physiological concentration range, suggesting that fluctuations in DHEA concentrations could be buffered at the downstream active androgen level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M McManus
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yoon-Mi Chung
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Keizman D, Frenkel M, Peer A, Rosenbaum E, Sarid D, Leibovitch I, Mano R, Yossepowitch O, Wolf I, Geva R, Margel D, Rouvinov K, Stern A, Dresler H, Kushnir I, Eliaz I. Modified Citrus Pectin Treatment in Non-Metastatic Biochemically Relapsed Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Results of a Prospective Phase II Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3533. [PMID: 37630724 PMCID: PMC10459199 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal therapy for patients with non-metastatic biochemically relapsed prostate cancer (BRPC-M0) after local therapy is elusive. Thus, the evaluation of new non-toxic compounds in BRPC-M0 patients is warranted. PectaSol®-Modified citrus pectin (P-MCP) is a food supplement categorized as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by the FDA. It is a competitive inhibitor of the galectin-3 protein, which is involved in cancer pathogenesis. In an early report of the present phase 2 study, P-MCP treatment for 6 months led to prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) improvement in 75% of patients with BRPC-M0. Herein, we report the second long-term treatment phase of an additional 12 months of P-MCP therapy (4.8 g × 3/day orally) in patients without disease progression after the initial 6 months of therapy. Of the 46 patients that entered the second treatment phase, 7 patients withdrew consent and decided to continue therapy out of pocket, and 39 initiated the second treatment phase. After a total of 18 months of P-MCP treatment, 85% (n = 33) had a durable long-term response, with 62% (n = 24) showing decreased/stable PSA, 90% (n = 35) PSADT improvement, and all with negative scans. No patient had grade 3/4 toxicity. In conclusion, P-MCP may have long-term durable efficacy and is safe in BRPC-M0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Keizman
- Department of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (D.S.); (I.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Moshe Frenkel
- Department of Oncology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (M.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Avivit Peer
- Department of Oncology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (M.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Eli Rosenbaum
- Department of Oncology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel;
| | - David Sarid
- Department of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (D.S.); (I.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Ilan Leibovitch
- Department of Urology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel;
| | - Roy Mano
- Department of Urology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.M.); (O.Y.)
| | - Ofer Yossepowitch
- Department of Urology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.M.); (O.Y.)
| | - Ido Wolf
- Department of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (D.S.); (I.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Ravit Geva
- Department of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (D.S.); (I.W.); (R.G.)
| | - David Margel
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel;
| | - Keren Rouvinov
- Department of Oncology, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel;
| | - Anat Stern
- Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing Center, Santa Rosa, CA 95403, USA; (A.S.); (I.E.)
| | - Hadas Dresler
- Department of Oncology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9124001, Israel;
| | - Igal Kushnir
- Department of Oncology, Meir Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Isaac Eliaz
- Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing Center, Santa Rosa, CA 95403, USA; (A.S.); (I.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lokeshwar SD, Choksi AU, Haltstuch D, Rahman SN, Press BH, Syed J, Hurwitz ME, Kim IY, Leapman MS. Personalizing approaches to the management of metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer: role of advanced imaging, genetics and therapeutics. World J Urol 2023; 41:2007-2019. [PMID: 37160450 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize contemporary and emerging strategies for the diagnosis and management of metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), focusing on diagnostic testing and therapeutics. METHODS Literature review using PUBMED-Medline databases as well as clinicaltrials.gov to include reported or ongoing clinical trials on treatment for mHSPC. We prioritized the findings from phase III randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and clinical practice guidelines. RESULTS There have been significant changes to the diagnosis and staging evaluation of mHSPC with the integration of increasingly accurate positron emission tomography (PET) imaging tracers that exceed the performance of conventional computerized tomography (CT) and bone scan. Germline multigene testing is recommended for the evaluation of patients newly diagnosed with mHSPC given the prevalence of actionable alterations that may create candidacy for specific therapies. Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the backbone of treatment for mHSPC, approaches to first-line treatment include the integration of multiple agents including androgen receptor synthesis inhibitors (ARSI; abiraterone) Androgen Receptor antagonists (enzalutamide, darolutamide, apalautamide), and docetaxel chemotherapy. The combination of ADT, ARSI, and docetaxel chemotherapy has recently been evaluated in a randomized trial and was associated with significantly improved overall survival including in patients with a high burden of disease. The role of local treatment to the prostate with radiation has been evaluated in randomized trials with additional studies underway evaluating the role of cytoreductive radical prostatectomy. CONCLUSION The staging and initial management of patients with mHSPC has undergone significant advances in the last decade with advancements in the diagnosis, treatment and sequencing of therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soum D Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Ankur U Choksi
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Daniel Haltstuch
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Syed N Rahman
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Benjamin H Press
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jamil Syed
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Michael E Hurwitz
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Isaac Y Kim
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Michael S Leapman
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, BML 238C, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Makkena VK, Jaramillo AP, Awosusi BL, Ayyub J, Dabhi KN, Gohil NV, Tanveer N, Hussein S, Pingili S, Khan S. Probing the Relationship Between the Human Gut Microbiome and Prospects of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43892. [PMID: 37746426 PMCID: PMC10511825 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate neoplasia is one of the most commonly occurring neoplasias in males and has a high mortality rate. Prostate cancer (PCA) risk factors include tall stature, male sex, known family history, obesity, high blood pressure, lack of fitness, higher levels of testosterone for a long time, increasing age, and ethnicity are well known. The association and role of the gut microbiota in different diseases in our body have been highlighted recently. Therefore, finding the influence of gut microbiota on the prostatic cells can be useful for preventing prostatic neoplasia and/or reducing its severity. We aimed to assess its impact on PCA risk. We thoroughly searched databases for the relevant literature for our systematic review. The final research papers analyzed how bacteria played a role in the risk of PCA, either through inflammation or the production of metabolites that increase/decrease the risk of PCA. Based on the studies reviewed, we found that some gut bacteria play a role in the formation of PCA. In contrast, some bacteria can help prevent PCA, but the metabolism of the dietary components is the major factor for PCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Krishna Makkena
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Department of Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Arturo P Jaramillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Estatal de Guayaquil, Machala, ECU
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Babatope L Awosusi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Javaria Ayyub
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Karan Nareshbha Dabhi
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Namra V Gohil
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College Baroda, Vadodara, IND
| | - Nida Tanveer
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Sally Hussein
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shravya Pingili
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Department of Medicine, Kakatiya Medical College, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Safeera Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nabavi N, Mahdavi SR, Ardalan MA, Chamanara M, Mosaed R, Lara A, Bastos D, Harsini S, Askari E, Velho PI, Bagheri H. Bipolar Androgen Therapy: When Excess Fuel Extinguishes the Fire. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2084. [PMID: 37509723 PMCID: PMC10377678 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the cornerstone of advanced prostate cancer treatment. However, the progression towards castration-resistant prostate cancer is inevitable, as the cancer cells reactivate androgen receptor signaling and adapt to the castrate state through autoregulation of the androgen receptor. Additionally, the upfront use of novel hormonal agents such as enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate may result in long-term toxicities and may trigger the selection of AR-independent cells through "Darwinian" treatment-induced pressure. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new strategies to overcome these challenges. Bipolar androgen therapy (BAT) is one such approach that has been devised based on studies demonstrating the paradoxical inhibitory effects of supraphysiologic testosterone on prostate cancer growth, achieved through a variety of mechanisms acting in concert. BAT involves rapidly alternating testosterone levels between supraphysiological and near-castrate levels over a period of a month, achieved through monthly intramuscular injections of testosterone plus concurrent ADT. BAT is effective and well-tolerated, improving quality of life and potentially re-sensitizing patients to previous hormonal therapies after progression. By exploring the mechanisms and clinical evidence for BAT, this review seeks to shed light on its potential as a promising new approach to prostate cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nima Nabavi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13944-91388, Iran
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Seied Rabi Mahdavi
- Department of Medical Physics, Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Mohammad Afshar Ardalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Reza Mosaed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
| | - Aline Lara
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
- Hospital do Câncer UOPECCAN, Cascavel 85806-300, Brazil
| | - Diogo Bastos
- Oncology Department, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Sara Harsini
- BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Emran Askari
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13944-91388, Iran
| | - Pedro Isaacsson Velho
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre 90035-000, Brazil
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
- School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14118-13389, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Komarla A, Dufresne S, Towers CG. Recent Advances in the Role of Autophagy in Endocrine-Dependent Tumors. Endocr Rev 2023; 44:629-646. [PMID: 36631217 PMCID: PMC10335171 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a complex role in several cancer types, including endocrine-dependent cancers, by fueling cellular metabolism and clearing damaged substrates. This conserved recycling process has a dual function across tumor types where it can be tumor suppressive at early stages but tumor promotional in established disease. This review highlights the controversial roles of autophagy in endocrine-dependent tumors regarding cancer initiation, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and treatment response. We summarize clinical trial results thus far and highlight the need for additional mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical studies in endocrine-dependent tumors, particularly in breast cancer and prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anvita Komarla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- The Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Suzanne Dufresne
- The Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christina G Towers
- The Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|