1
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Oh JS, Jo KJ, Kang MC, An BS, Kwon Y, Lim HW, Cho MH, Baik H, Yang CW. Measurement of dielectric function and bandgap of germanium telluride using monochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Micron 2023; 172:103487. [PMID: 37285687 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using a monochromator in transmission electron microscopy, a low-energy-loss spectrum can provide inter- and intra-band transition information for nanoscale devices with high energy and spatial resolutions. However, some losses, such as Cherenkov radiation, phonon scattering, and surface plasmon resonance superimposed at zero-loss peak, make it asymmetric. These pose limitations to the direct interpretation of optical properties, such as complex dielectric function and bandgap onset in the raw electron energy-loss spectra. This study demonstrates measuring the dielectric function of germanium telluride using an off-axis electron energy-loss spectroscopy method. The interband transition from the measured complex dielectric function agrees with the calculated band structure of germanium telluride. In addition, we compare the zero-loss subtraction models and propose a reliable routine for bandgap measurement from raw valence electron energy-loss spectra. Using the proposed method, the direct bandgap of germanium telluride thin film was measured from the low-energy-loss spectrum in transmission electron microscopy. The result is in good agreement with the bandgap energy measured using an optical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Su Oh
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Jin Jo
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Chul Kang
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Seon An
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea
| | - Yena Kwon
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Wook Lim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, the Republic of Korea
| | - Mann-Ho Cho
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, the Republic of Korea
| | - Hionsuck Baik
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Seoul 02841, the Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Woong Yang
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, the Republic of Korea.
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2
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Kumaar D, Can M, Portner K, Weigand H, Yarema O, Wintersteller S, Schenk F, Boskovic D, Pharizat N, Meinert R, Gilshtein E, Romanyuk Y, Karvounis A, Grange R, Emboras A, Wood V, Yarema M. Colloidal Ternary Telluride Quantum Dots for Tunable Phase Change Optics in the Visible and Near-Infrared. ACS NANO 2023; 17:6985-6997. [PMID: 36971128 PMCID: PMC10100560 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A structural change between amorphous and crystalline phase provides a basis for reliable and modular photonic and electronic devices, such as nonvolatile memory, beam steerers, solid-state reflective displays, or mid-IR antennas. In this paper, we leverage the benefits of liquid-based synthesis to access phase-change memory tellurides in the form of colloidally stable quantum dots. We report a library of ternary MxGe1-xTe colloids (where M is Sn, Bi, Pb, In, Co, Ag) and then showcase the phase, composition, and size tunability for Sn-Ge-Te quantum dots. Full chemical control of Sn-Ge-Te quantum dots permits a systematic study of structural and optical properties of this phase-change nanomaterial. Specifically, we report composition-dependent crystallization temperature for Sn-Ge-Te quantum dots, which is notably higher compared to bulk thin films. This gives the synergistic benefit of tailoring dopant and material dimension to combine the superior aging properties and ultrafast crystallization kinetics of bulk Sn-Ge-Te, while improving memory data retention due to nanoscale size effects. Furthermore, we discover a large reflectivity contrast between amorphous and crystalline Sn-Ge-Te thin films, exceeding 0.7 in the near-IR spectrum region. We utilize these excellent phase-change optical properties of Sn-Ge-Te quantum dots along with liquid-based processability for nonvolatile multicolor images and electro-optical phase-change devices. Our colloidal approach for phase-change applications offers higher customizability of materials, simpler fabrication, and further miniaturization to the sub-10 nm phase-change devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjeya Kumaar
- Chemistry
and Materials Design, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Can
- Chemistry
and Materials Design, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Portner
- Integrated
Systems Laboratory, Department of Information Technology and Electrical
Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helena Weigand
- Optical
Nanomaterial Group, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Department
of Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Olesya Yarema
- Materials
and Device Engineering, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Wintersteller
- Chemistry
and Materials Design, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Schenk
- Chemistry
and Materials Design, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Darijan Boskovic
- Chemistry
and Materials Design, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nathan Pharizat
- Chemistry
and Materials Design, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Robin Meinert
- Integrated
Systems Laboratory, Department of Information Technology and Electrical
Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Evgeniia Gilshtein
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yaroslav Romanyuk
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa −
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Artemios Karvounis
- Optical
Nanomaterial Group, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Department
of Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Grange
- Optical
Nanomaterial Group, Institute for Quantum Electronics, Department
of Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandros Emboras
- Integrated
Systems Laboratory, Department of Information Technology and Electrical
Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Wood
- Materials
and Device Engineering, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maksym Yarema
- Chemistry
and Materials Design, Institute for Electronics, Department of Information
Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH
Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Zheng C, Simpson RE, Tang K, Ke Y, Nemati A, Zhang Q, Hu G, Lee C, Teng J, Yang JKW, Wu J, Qiu CW. Enabling Active Nanotechnologies by Phase Transition: From Electronics, Photonics to Thermotics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15450-15500. [PMID: 35894820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phase transitions can occur in certain materials such as transition metal oxides (TMOs) and chalcogenides when there is a change in external conditions such as temperature and pressure. Along with phase transitions in these phase change materials (PCMs) come dramatic contrasts in various physical properties, which can be engineered to manipulate electrons, photons, polaritons, and phonons at the nanoscale, offering new opportunities for reconfigurable, active nanodevices. In this review, we particularly discuss phase-transition-enabled active nanotechnologies in nonvolatile electrical memory, tunable metamaterials, and metasurfaces for manipulation of both free-space photons and in-plane polaritons, and multifunctional emissivity control in the infrared (IR) spectrum. The fundamentals of PCMs are first introduced to explain the origins and principles of phase transitions. Thereafter, we discuss multiphysical nanodevices for electronic, photonic, and thermal management, attesting to the broad applications and exciting promises of PCMs. Emerging trends and valuable applications in all-optical neuromorphic devices, thermal data storage, and encryption are outlined in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Robert E Simpson
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Kechao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MOE), School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Ke
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Arash Nemati
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California 94720, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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4
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An MN, Song H, Jeong KS. Intraband Transition and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of Metal Chalcogenides Nanocrystals and their Dependence on Crystal Structure. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00312k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the intraband transition of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) has attracted considerable attention since it can provide the opportunity to investigate the boundary between...
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5
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Stimuli-Responsive Phase Change Materials: Optical and Optoelectronic Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123396. [PMID: 34205233 PMCID: PMC8233899 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials offer a large variety of possibilities in fabrication of solid- state devices. Phase change materials (PCMs) undergo rapid and drastic changes of their optical properties upon switching from one crystallographic phase to another one. This peculiarity makes PCMs ideal candidates for a number of applications including sensors, active displays, photonic volatile and non-volatile memories for information storage and computer science and optoelectronic devices. This review analyzes different examples of PCMs, in particular germanium–antimonium tellurides and vanadium dioxide (VO2) and their applications in the above-mentioned fields, with a detailed discussion on potential, limitations and challenges.
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6
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Mokkath JH. Optical excitations of boron and phosphorous doped silicon nanoparticles: A computational study. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Cryer ME, Halpert JE. Room Temperature Mid-IR Detection through Localized Surface Vibrational States of SnTe Nanocrystals. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2087-2094. [PMID: 30256620 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are now well established as promising materials for room temperature mid-infrared (MIR) detection beyond 3 μm. Here, we have replaced commonly reported mercury based quantum dots with less toxic SnTe and PbSnTe. Inverse MIR detection at room temperature is demonstrated with planar, solution, and air-processed PbSnTe and SnTe QD devices. The detection mechanism is shown to be mediated by an interaction between MIR radiation and the vibrational stretches of adsorbed hydroxyl species. Devices are shown to possess mA/W responsivity via a reduction in conductance due to MIR irradiation and, unlike classic MIR photoconductors, are unaffected by visible wavelengths. As such, these devices offer the possibility of MIR thermal imaging that has an intrinsic solution to the blinding caused by higher energy light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Cryer
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Kelburn, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan E. Halpert
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Kelburn, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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8
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Zhu C, Xu Q. Amorphous Materials for Enhanced Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:730-739. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhui Zhu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450052 P. R. China
| | - Qun Xu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450052 P. R. China
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9
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Marbella LE, Gan XY, Kaseman DC, Millstone JE. Correlating Carrier Density and Emergent Plasmonic Features in Cu 2-xSe Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:2414-2419. [PMID: 28306264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a wide variety of new nanoparticle compositions have been identified as potential plasmonic materials including earth-abundant metals such as aluminum, highly doped semiconductors, as well as metal pnictides. For semiconductor compositions, plasmonic properties may be tuned not only by nanoparticle size and shape, but also by charge carrier density which can be controlled via a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic doping strategies. Current methods to quantitatively determine charge carrier density primarily rely on interpretation of the nanoparticle extinction spectrum. However, interpretation of nanoparticle extinction spectra can be convoluted by factors such as particle ligands, size distribution and/or aggregation state which may impact the charge carrier information extracted. Therefore, alternative methods to quantify charge carrier density may be transformational in the development of these new materials and would facilitate previously inaccessible correlations between particle synthetic routes, crystallographic features, and emergent optoelectronic properties. Here, we report the use of 77Se solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to quantitatively determine charge carrier density in a variety of Cu2-xSe nanoparticle compositions and correlate this charge carrier density with particle crystallinity and extinction features. Importantly, we show that significant charge carrier populations are present even in nanoparticles without spectroscopically discernible plasmonic features and with crystal structures indistinguishable from fully reduced Cu2Se. These results highlight the potential impact of the NMR-based carrier density measurement, especially in the study of plasmon emergence in these systems (i.e., at low dopant concentrations).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Marbella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xing Yee Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Derrick C Kaseman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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10
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Jang Y, Yanover D, Čapek RK, Shapiro A, Grumbach N, Kauffmann Y, Sashchiuk A, Lifshitz E. Cation Exchange Combined with Kirkendall Effect in the Preparation of SnTe/CdTe and CdTe/SnTe Core/Shell Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2602-2609. [PMID: 27331900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the synthesis of narrow band gap semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) with a high-quality surface is of prime importance for scientific and technological interests. This Letter presents facile solution-phase syntheses of SnTe NCs and their corresponding core/shell heterostructures. Here, we synthesized monodisperse and highly crystalline SnTe NCs by employing an inexpensive, nontoxic precursor, SnCl2, the reactivity of which was enhanced by adding a reducing agent, 1,2-hexadecanediol. Moreover, we developed a synthesis procedure for the formation of SnTe-based core/shell NCs by combining the cation exchange and the Kirkendall effect. The cation exchange of Sn(2+) by Cd(2+) at the surface allowed primarily the formation of SnTe/CdTe core/shell NCs. Further continuation of the reaction promoted an intensive diffusion of the Cd(2+) ions, which via the Kirkendall effect led to the formation of the inverted CdTe/SnTe core/shell NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Jang
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Diana Yanover
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Richard Karel Čapek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Arthur Shapiro
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Nathan Grumbach
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yaron Kauffmann
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Aldona Sashchiuk
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Efrat Lifshitz
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Solid State Institute, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
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11
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Zhou D, Liu D, Xu W, Yin Z, Chen X, Zhou P, Cui S, Chen Z, Song H. Observation of Considerable Upconversion Enhancement Induced by Cu2-xS Plasmon Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2016; 10:5169-79. [PMID: 27149281 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) are achieved in heavily doped semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) with appreciable free carrier concentrations. In this paper, we present the photonic, electric, and photoelectric properties of plasmonic Cu2-xS NPs/films and the utilization of LSPRs generated from semiconductor NPs as near-infrared antennas to enhance the upconversion luminescence (UCL) of NaYF4:Yb(3+),Er(3+) NPs. Our results suggest that the LSPRs in Cu2-xS NPs originate from ligand-confined carriers and that a heat treatment resulted in the decomposition of ligands and oxidation of Cu2-xS NPs; these effects led to a decrease of the Cu(2+)/Cu(+) ratio, which in turn resulted in the broadening, decrease in intensity, and red-shift of the LSPRs. In the presence of a MoO3 spacer, the UCL intensity of NaYF4:Yb(3+),Er(3+) NPs was substantially improved and exhibited extraordinary power-dependent behavior because of the energy band structure of the Cu2-xS semiconductor. These findings provide insights into the nature of LSPR in semiconductors and their interaction with nearby emitters and highlight the possible application of LSPR in photonic and photoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dali Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457
| | - Ze Yin
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobo Cui
- College of Physics, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Song
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
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12
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Liu Z, Mu H, Xiao S, Wang R, Wang Z, Wang W, Wang Y, Zhu X, Lu K, Zhang H, Lee ST, Bao Q, Ma W. Pulsed Lasers Employing Solution-Processed Plasmonic Cu3- x P Colloidal Nanocrystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3535-42. [PMID: 26970297 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A new approach to synthesize self-doped colloidal Cu3-x P NCs with controlled size and localized surface plasmon resonance absorption is reported. These Cu3-x P NCs show ultrafast exciton dynamics and huge optical nonlinearities due to plasmonic resonances, which afford the first demonstration of plasmonic Cu3-x P NCs as simple, effective, and solution-processed nonlinear absorbers for high-energy Q-switched fiber laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeke Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Si Xiao
- Institute of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Rongbin Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhiteng Wang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Kunyuan Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Han Zhang
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wanli Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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13
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Niezgoda JS, Rosenthal SJ. Synthetic Strategies for Semiconductor Nanocrystals Expressing Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:645-53. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Scott Niezgoda
- Department of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering; Vanderbilt University; Nashville TN 37235 USA
| | - Sandra J. Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering; Vanderbilt University; Nashville TN 37235 USA
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Physics and Astronomy, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Vanderbilt University; Nashville TN 37235 USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
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14
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Zhou S, Pi X, Ni Z, Ding Y, Jiang Y, Jin C, Delerue C, Yang D, Nozaki T. Comparative study on the localized surface plasmon resonance of boron- and phosphorus-doped silicon nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2015; 9:378-386. [PMID: 25551330 DOI: 10.1021/nn505416r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of doped Si nanocrystals (NCs) is critical to the development of Si-based plasmonics. We now experimentally show that LSPR can be obtained from both B- and P-doped Si NCs in the mid-infrared region. Both experiments and calculations demonstrate that the Drude model can be used to describe the LSPR of Si NCs if the dielectric screening and carrier effective mass of Si NCs are considered. When the doping levels of B and P are similar, the LSPR energy of B-doped Si NCs is higher than that of P-doped Si NCs because B is more efficiently activated to produce free carriers than P in Si NCs. We find that the plasmonic coupling between Si NCs is effectively blocked by oxide at the NC surface. The LSPR quality factors of B- and P-doped Si NCs approach those of traditional noble metal NCs. We demonstrate that LSPR is an effective means to gain physical insights on the electronic properties of doped Si NCs. The current work on the model semiconductor NCs, i.e., Si NCs has important implication for the physical understanding and practical use of semiconductor NC plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
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15
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Della Gaspera E, Chesman ASR, van Embden J, Jasieniak JJ. Non-injection synthesis of doped zinc oxide plasmonic nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2014; 8:9154-9163. [PMID: 25136989 DOI: 10.1021/nn5027593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic metal oxide nanocrystals bridge the optoelectronic gap between semiconductors and metals. In this study, we report a facile, non-injection synthesis of ZnO nanocrystals doped with Al, Ga, or In. The reaction readily permits dopant/zinc atomic ratios of over 15%, is amenable to high precursor concentrations (0.2 M and greater), and provides high reaction yields (>90%). The resulting colloidal dispersions exhibit high transparency in the visible spectrum and a wavelength-tunable infrared absorption, which arises from a dopant-induced surface plasmon resonance. Through a detailed investigation of reaction parameters, the reaction mechanism is fully characterized and correlated to the optical properties of the synthesized nanocrystals. The distinctive optical features of these doped nanocrystals are shown to be readily harnessed within thin films that are suitable for optoelectronic applications.
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16
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Jain PK. Plasmon-in-a-Box: On the Physical Nature of Few-Carrier Plasmon Resonances. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:3112-9. [PMID: 26276321 DOI: 10.1021/jz501456t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent demonstrations in doped semiconductor nanocrystals establish that a plasmon resonance can be sustained by a handful of charge carriers, much smaller in number than conventionally thought. This finding raises questions about the physical nature of such a collective resonance, a fundamental question in condensed matter and many-body physics, which the author addresses here by means of a plasmon-in-a-box model. A small number of carriers confined within a nanocrystal exhibit multiple transitions of individual carriers between quantized states. However, as carriers are progressively added, spectral lines associated with single-carrier excitations evolve into a band representing a collective resonance. This evolution is gradual, and it involves an intermediate regime where single-carrier excitations and few-carrier collective excitations coexist, until, at high carrier numbers, a purely classical collective resonance involving all carriers in the nanocrystal is sustained. The author finds that the emergence of the plasmon resonance is a density-driven transition; at high enough carrier densities, the Coulomb repulsion between carriers becomes strong enough to allow individual carriers to overcome their confinement to the nanocrystal lattice and to participate in a collective excitation within the mean Coulomb field of other carriers. The findings represent deeper insight into the physical picture of a plasmon resonance and serve as a potential design guide for nanoscale optoelectronic components and photocatalytic plasmonic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant K Jain
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Lab, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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17
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Yadgarov L, Choi CL, Sedova A, Cohen A, Rosentsveig R, Bar-Elli O, Oron D, Dai H, Tenne R. Dependence of the absorption and optical surface plasmon scattering of MoS₂ nanoparticles on aspect ratio, size, and media. ACS NANO 2014; 8:3575-3583. [PMID: 24669749 DOI: 10.1021/nn5000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The optical and electronic properties of suspensions of inorganic fullerene-like nanoparticles of MoS2 are studied through light absorption and zeta-potential measurements and compared to those of the corresponding microscopic platelets. The total extinction measurements show that, in addition to excitonic peaks and the indirect band gap transition, a new peak is observed at 700-800 nm. This spectral peak has not been reported previously for MoS2. Comparison of the total extinction and decoupled absorption spectrum indicates that this peak largely originates from scattering. Furthermore, the dependence of this peak on nanoparticle size, shape, and surface charge, as well as solvent refractive index, suggests that this transition arises from a plasmon resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Yadgarov
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 76100, Israel
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18
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Faucheaux JA, Stanton ALD, Jain PK. Plasmon Resonances of Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Physical Principles and New Opportunities. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:976-85. [PMID: 26270976 DOI: 10.1021/jz500037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) in doped semiconductor nanocrystals has opened a new regime in plasmonics. We address both the technological and fundamental advances made possible by the realization of LSPRs in semiconductor nanocrystals. LSPRs were originally thought to be specific only to metallic nanostructures, but since their manifestation in semiconductor nanostructures, LSPRs are being seen as ubiquitous optical signatures of charge carriers. As fingerprints of a charge carrier collection, LSPRs of semiconductors are emerging as optical probes of processes that involve carrier dynamics, including redox reactions, electrochemistry, phase transitions, and photocatalysis. Unlike their electrical counterparts, LSPRs allow remote contactless probing and minimal device design. Ultrasmall semiconductor quantum dots are now enabling access to plasmon resonances of a handful of charge carriers, allowing us to ask fundamental questions regarding the lower limit of charge carriers needed to sustain a plasmon resonance, the emergence of a collective mode from a single-electron transition, and the effect of quantum confinement on plasmon resonances. These fundamental issues are discussed here, along with the need for new physical models required to capture the unique aspects of semiconductor LSPRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Faucheaux
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Materials Research Lab, and §Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alexandria L D Stanton
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Materials Research Lab, and §Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Prashant K Jain
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Materials Research Lab, and §Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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19
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Liu X, Swihart MT. Heavily-doped colloidal semiconductor and metal oxide nanocrystals: an emerging new class of plasmonic nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:3908-20. [PMID: 24566528 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The creation and study of non-metallic nanomaterials that exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) interactions with light is a rapidly growing field of research. These doped nanocrystals, mainly self-doped semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) and extrinsically-doped metal oxide NCs, have extremely high concentrations of free charge carriers, which allows them to exhibit LSPR at near infrared (NIR) wavelengths. In this tutorial review, we discuss recent progress in developing and synthesizing doped semiconductor and metal oxide nanocrystals with LSPR, and in studying the optical properties of these plasmonic nanocrystals. We go on to discuss their growing potential for advancing biomedical and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo (SUNY), 310 Furnas Hall, Buffalo, New York, 14260-4200 USA.
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20
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Wen X, Zhang Q, Chai J, Wong LM, Wang S, Xiong Q. Near-infrared active metamaterials and their applications in tunable surface-enhanced Raman scattering. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:2989-2995. [PMID: 24663590 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.002989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
By utilizing the phase change properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2), we have demonstrated the tuning of the electric and magnetic modes of split ring resonators (SRRs) simultaneously within the near IR range. The electric resonance wavelength is blue-shift about 73 nm while the magnetic resonance mode is red-shifted about 126 nm during the phase transition from insulating to metallic phases. Due to the hysteresis phenomenon of VO2 phase transition, both the electric and magnetic modes shifts are hysteretic. In addition to the frequency shift, the magnetic mode has a trend to vanish due to the fact that the metallic phase VO2 has the tendency to short the gap of SRR. We have also demonstrated the application of this active metamaterials in tunable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), for a fixed excitation laser wavelength, the Raman intensity can be altered significantly by tuning the electric mode frequency of SRR, which is accomplished by controlling the phase of VO2 with an accurate temperature control.
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21
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Schimpf AM, Thakkar N, Gunthardt CE, Masiello DJ, Gamelin DR. Charge-tunable quantum plasmons in colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2014; 8:1065-1072. [PMID: 24359559 DOI: 10.1021/nn406126u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials exhibiting plasmonic optical responses are impacting sensing, information processing, catalysis, solar, and photonics technologies. Recent advances have expanded the portfolio of plasmonic nanostructures into doped semiconductor nanocrystals, which allow dynamic manipulation of carrier densities. Once interpreted as intraband single-electron transitions, the infrared absorption of doped semiconductor nanocrystals is now commonly attributed to localized surface plasmon resonances and analyzed using the classical Drude model to determine carrier densities. Here, we show that the experimental plasmon resonance energies of photodoped ZnO nanocrystals with controlled sizes and carrier densities diverge from classical Drude model predictions at small sizes, revealing quantum plasmons in these nanocrystals. A Lorentz oscillator model more adequately describes the data and illustrates a closer link between plasmon resonances and single-electron transitions in semiconductors than in metals, highlighting a fundamental contrast between these two classes of plasmonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina M Schimpf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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22
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Abstract
We present a review on the emerging materials for novel plasmonic colloidal nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Comin
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität
- 81377 München, Germany
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova, Italy
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
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23
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Xie Y, Riedinger A, Prato M, Casu A, Genovese A, Guardia P, Sottini S, Sangregorio C, Miszta K, Ghosh S, Pellegrino T, Manna L. Copper Sulfide Nanocrystals with Tunable Composition by Reduction of Covellite Nanocrystals with Cu+ Ions. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17630-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja409754v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andreas Riedinger
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Casu
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Genovese
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Pablo Guardia
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Sottini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, Polo Scientifico, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Karol Miszta
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Sandeep Ghosh
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Teresa Pellegrino
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Liberato Manna
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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