1
|
Zhu H, Chen B, Yakovlev VV, Zhang D. Time-resolved vibrational dynamics: Novel opportunities for sensing and imaging. Talanta 2024; 266:125046. [PMID: 37595525 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of time-resolved spectroscopies has resulted in significant advancements across numerous scientific disciplines, particularly those concerned with molecular electronic states. However, the intricacy of molecular vibrational spectroscopies, which provide comprehensive molecular-level information within complex structures, has presented considerable challenges due to the ultrashort dephasing time. Over recent decades, an increasing focus has been placed on exploring the temporal progression of bond vibrations, thereby facilitating an improved understanding of energy redistribution within and between molecules. This review article focuses on an array of time-resolved detection methodologies, each distinguished by unique technological attributes that offer exclusive capabilities for investigating the physical phenomena propelled by molecular vibrational dynamics. In summary, time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy emerges as a potent instrument for deciphering the dynamic behavior of molecules. Its potential for driving future progress across fields as diverse as biology and materials science is substantial, marking a promising future for this innovative tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310028, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310028, China.
| | - Vladislav V Yakovlev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Delong Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310028, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang GJ, Li CW, Lee PY, Su JX, Chao KC, Chu LA, Chiang AS, Cheng JX, Chen BH, Lu CH, Chu SW, Yang SD. Electronic Preresonance Stimulated Raman Scattering Spectromicroscopy Using Multiple-Plate Continuum. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:6896-6902. [PMID: 37494414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) spectromicroscopy is a powerful technique that enables label-free detection of chemical bonds with high specificity. However, the low Raman cross section due to typical far-electronic resonance excitation seriously restricts the sensitivity and undermines its application to bio-imaging. To address this bottleneck, the electronic preresonance (EPR) SRS technique has been developed to enhance the Raman signals by shifting the excitation frequency toward the molecular absorption. A fundamental weakness of the previous demonstration is the lack of dual-wavelength tunability, making EPR-SRS only applicable to a limited number of species in the proof-of-concept experiment. Here, we demonstrate the EPR-SRS spectromicroscopy using a multiple-plate continuum (MPC) light source able to examine a single vibration mode with independently adjustable pump and Stokes wavelengths. In our experiments, the C═C vibration mode of Alexa 635 is interrogated by continuously scanning the pump-to-absorption frequency detuning throughout the entire EPR region enabled by MPC. The results exhibit 150-fold SRS signal enhancement and good agreement with the Albrecht A-term preresonance model. Signal enhancement is also observed in EPR-SRS images of the whole Drosophila brain stained with Alexa 635. With the improved sensitivity and potential to implement hyperspectral measurement, we envision that MPC-EPR-SRS spectromicroscopy can bring the Raman techniques closer to a routine in bio-imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Jie Huang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Li
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yi Lee
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Xuan Su
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Chao
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Li-An Chu
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Shyn Chiang
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience and Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Wei Chu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Heuke S, Rigneault H. Coherent Stokes Raman scattering microscopy (CSRS). Nat Commun 2023; 14:3337. [PMID: 37286641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38941-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first implementation of laser scanning coherent Stokes Raman scattering (CSRS) microscopy. To overcome the major challenge in CSRS imaging, we show how to suppress the fluorescence background by narrow bandpass filter and a lock-in based demodulation. Near background free CSRS imaging of polymer beads, human skin, onion cells, avocado flesh and the wing disc of a drosphila larva are presented. Finally, we explain and demonstrate numerically that CSRS solves a major obstacle of other coherent Raman techniques by sending a significant part (up to 100%) of the CSRS photons into the backward direction under tight focusing conditions. We believe that this discovery will pave the way for numerous technological advances, e.g., in epi-detected coherent Raman multi-focus imaging, real-time laser scanning based spectroscopy or efficient endoscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Heuke
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France.
| | - Hervé Rigneault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Grassi E, Laptenok SP, Genchi L, Serdaroglu A, Liberale C. Frequency-modulation stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with an acousto-optic tunable filter. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:18290-18299. [PMID: 37381542 DOI: 10.1364/oe.486337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is increasingly employed for highly specific, label-free, and high-speed bioimaging. Despite its benefits, SRS is susceptible to spurious background signals caused by competing effects, which lower the possible imaging contrast and sensitivity. An efficient approach to suppress these undesired background signals is frequency-modulation (FM) SRS, which exploits the competing effects' weak spectral dependence compared to the SRS signal's high spectral specificity. We propose an FM-SRS scheme realized with an acousto-optic tunable filter, which presents a few advantages compared to other solutions presented in the literature. In particular, it can perform automated measurements from the fingerprint to the CH-stretching region of the vibrational spectrum without any manual adjustment of the optical setup. Moreover, it allows simple all-electronic control of the spectral separation and relative intensities of the pair of probed wavenumbers.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wallmeier K, Würthwein T, Lemberger N, Brinkmann M, Hellwig T, Fallnich C. Frequency modulation stimulated Raman scattering scheme for real-time background correction with a single light source. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:315-325. [PMID: 36698676 PMCID: PMC9841997 DOI: 10.1364/boe.476513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A frequency modulation (FM) scheme for stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is presented with a single fiber-based light source. Pulse-to-pulse wavelength-switching allows real-time subtraction of parasitic signals leaving only the resonant SRS signal with a noise reduction of up to 30 % compared to digital subtraction schemes, leading effectively to a contrast improvement by a factor of up to 8.3. The wide tuning range of the light source from 1500 cm-1 to 3000 cm-1 and the possibility to separately adjust the resonant and the nonresonant wavenumber for every specimen allow to investigate a variety of samples with high contrast and high signal-to-noise ratio, e. g., for medical diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Wallmeier
- University of Münster
, Institute of Applied Physics, Corrensstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Würthwein
- University of Münster
, Institute of Applied Physics, Corrensstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nick Lemberger
- University of Münster
, Institute of Applied Physics, Corrensstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Tim Hellwig
- Refined Laser Systems GmbH, Mendelstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten Fallnich
- University of Münster
, Institute of Applied Physics, Corrensstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
- University of Münster, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dodo K, Fujita K, Sodeoka M. Raman Spectroscopy for Chemical Biology Research. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19651-19667. [PMID: 36216344 PMCID: PMC9635364 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In chemical biology research, various fluorescent probes have been developed and used to visualize target proteins or molecules in living cells and tissues, yet there are limitations to this technology, such as the limited number of colors that can be detected simultaneously. Recently, Raman spectroscopy has been applied in chemical biology to overcome such limitations. Raman spectroscopy detects the molecular vibrations reflecting the structures and chemical conditions of molecules in a sample and was originally used to directly visualize the chemical responses of endogenous molecules. However, our initial research to develop "Raman tags" opens a new avenue for the application of Raman spectroscopy in chemical biology. In this Perspective, we first introduce the label-free Raman imaging of biomolecules, illustrating the biological applications of Raman spectroscopy. Next, we highlight the application of Raman imaging of small molecules using Raman tags for chemical biology research. Finally, we discuss the development and potential of Raman probes, which represent the next-generation probes in chemical biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Dodo
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster
for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Catalysis
and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center
for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Fujita
- Department
of Applied Physics, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Institute
for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- AIST-Osaka
University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science
and Technology (AIST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster
for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Catalysis
and Integrated Research Group, RIKEN Center
for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang GJ, Lai PC, Shen MW, Su JX, Guo JY, Chao KC, Lin P, Cheng JX, Chu LA, Chiang AS, Chen BH, Lu CH, Chu SW, Yang SD. Towards stimulated Raman scattering spectro-microscopy across the entire Raman active region using a multiple-plate continuum. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:38975-38984. [PMID: 36258449 DOI: 10.1364/oe.469050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) has attracted increasing attention in bio-imaging because of the ability toward background-free molecular-specific acquisitions without fluorescence labeling. Nevertheless, the corresponding sensitivity and specificity remain far behind those of fluorescence techniques. Here, we demonstrate SRS spectro-microscopy driven by a multiple-plate continuum (MPC), whose octave-spanning bandwidth (600-1300 nm) and high spectral energy density (∼1 nJ/cm-1) enable spectroscopic interrogation across the entire Raman active region (0-4000 cm-1), SRS imaging of a Drosophila brain, and electronic pre-resonance (EPR) detection of a fluorescent dye. We envision that utilizing MPC light source will substantially enhance the sensitivity and specificity of SRS by implementing EPR mode and spectral multiplexing via accessing three or more coherent wavelengths.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
As an emerging optical imaging modality, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy provides invaluable opportunities for chemical biology studies using its rich chemical information. Through rapid progress over the past decade, the development of Raman probes harnessing the chemical biology toolbox has proven to play a key role in advancing SRS microscopy and expanding biological applications. In this perspective, we first discuss the development of biorthogonal SRS imaging using small tagging of triple bonds or isotopes and highlight their unique advantages for metabolic pathway analysis and microbiology investigations. Potential opportunities for chemical biology studies integrating small tagging with SRS imaging are also proposed. We next summarize the current designs of highly sensitive and super-multiplexed SRS probes, as well as provide future directions and considerations for next-generation functional probe design. These rationally designed SRS probes are envisioned to bridge the gap between SRS microscopy and chemical biology research and should benefit their mutual development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Du
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Haomin Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Lu Wei
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ge X, Pereira FC, Mitteregger M, Berry D, Zhang M, Hausmann B, Zhang J, Schintlmeister A, Wagner M, Cheng JX. SRS-FISH: A high-throughput platform linking microbiome metabolism to identity at the single-cell level. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203519119. [PMID: 35727976 PMCID: PMC9245642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203519119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in microbiome research in environmental and medical samples is to better understand functional properties of microbial community members at a single-cell level. Single-cell isotope probing has become a key tool for this purpose, but the current detection methods for determination of isotope incorporation into single cells do not allow high-throughput analyses. Here, we report on the development of an imaging-based approach termed stimulated Raman scattering-two-photon fluorescence in situ hybridization (SRS-FISH) for high-throughput metabolism and identity analyses of microbial communities with single-cell resolution. SRS-FISH offers an imaging speed of 10 to 100 ms per cell, which is two to three orders of magnitude faster than achievable by state-of-the-art methods. Using this technique, we delineated metabolic responses of 30,000 individual cells to various mucosal sugars in the human gut microbiome via incorporation of deuterium from heavy water as an activity marker. Application of SRS-FISH to investigate the utilization of host-derived nutrients by two major human gut microbiome taxa revealed that response to mucosal sugars tends to be dominated by Bacteroidales, with an unexpected finding that Clostridia can outperform Bacteroidales at foraging fucose. With high sensitivity and speed, SRS-FISH will enable researchers to probe the fine-scale temporal, spatial, and individual activity patterns of microbial cells in complex communities with unprecedented detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Ge
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Fátima C. Pereira
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Mitteregger
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Arno Schintlmeister
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Wagner
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Manifold B, Fu D. Quantitative Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy: Promises and Pitfalls. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2022; 15:269-289. [PMID: 35300525 PMCID: PMC10083020 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-015110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since its first demonstration, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has become a powerful chemical imaging tool that shows promise in numerous biological and biomedical applications. The spectroscopic capability of SRS enables identification and tracking of specific molecules or classes of molecules, often without labeling. SRS microscopy also has the hallmark advantage of signal strength that is directly proportional to molecular concentration, allowing for in situ quantitative analysis of chemical composition of heterogeneous samples with submicron spatial resolution and subminute temporal resolution. However, it is important to recognize that quantification through SRS microscopy requires assumptions regarding both system and sample. Such assumptions are often taken axiomatically, which may lead to erroneous conclusions without proper validation. In this review, we focus on the tacitly accepted, yet complex, quantitative aspect of SRS microscopy. We discuss the various approaches to quantitative analysis, examples of such approaches, challenges in different systems, and potential solutions. Through our examination of published literature, we conclude that a scrupulous approach to experimental design can further expand the powerful and incisive quantitative capabilities of SRS microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Manifold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA;
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Oh S, Lee C, Yang W, Li A, Mukherjee A, Basan M, Ran C, Yin W, Tabin CJ, Fu D, Xie XS, Kirschner MW. Protein and lipid mass concentration measurement in tissues by stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2117938119. [PMID: 35452314 PMCID: PMC9169924 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117938119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell mass and chemical composition are important aggregate cellular properties that are especially relevant to physiological processes, such as growth control and tissue homeostasis. Despite their importance, it has been difficult to measure these features quantitatively at the individual cell level in intact tissue. Here, we introduce normalized Raman imaging (NoRI), a stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy method that provides the local concentrations of protein, lipid, and water from live or fixed tissue samples with high spatial resolution. Using NoRI, we demonstrate that protein, lipid, and water concentrations at the single cell are maintained in a tight range in cells under the same physiological conditions and are altered in different physiological states, such as cell cycle stages, attachment to substrates of different stiffness, or by entering senescence. In animal tissues, protein and lipid concentration varies with cell types, yet an unexpected cell-to-cell heterogeneity was found in cerebellar Purkinje cells. The protein and lipid concentration profile provides means to quantitatively compare disease-related pathology, as demonstrated using models of Alzheimer’s disease. This demonstration shows that NoRI is a broadly applicable technique for probing the biological regulation of protein mass, lipid mass, and water mass for studies of cellular and tissue growth, homeostasis, and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungeun Oh
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - ChangHee Lee
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Center for Advanced Imaging, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 20138
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Avik Mukherjee
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Markus Basan
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129
| | - Wei Yin
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129
| | | | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - X. Sunney Xie
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871; China
| | - Marc W. Kirschner
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Koike K, Smith NI, Fujita K. Spectral focusing in picosecond pulsed stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:995-1004. [PMID: 35284158 PMCID: PMC8884224 DOI: 10.1364/boe.445640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We introduce spectral focusing of picosecond laser pulses in stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy to improve spectral resolution, reduce nonlinear background signals, and decrease nonlinear photodamage. We produce a pair of 14 ps pump and Stokes laser pulses by spectral focusing of a 2 ps laser and achieve a spectral resolution of 2 cm-1. Due to instantaneous narrow-band excitation, we find that the chirped 14 ps laser pulses can be used to improve the signal-to-background ratio in SRS microscopy of various samples such as polymer particles and small molecules in HeLa cells. The lower peak powers produced by chirped picosecond laser pulses also reduce nonlinear photodamage, allowing long-term SRS imaging of living cells with higher SNR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Koike
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nicholas I. Smith
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Fujita
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Transdimensional Life Imaging Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tsikritsis D, Legge EJ, Belsey NA. Practical considerations for quantitative and reproducible measurements with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Analyst 2022; 147:4642-4656. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00817c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review presents the most important practical considerations for sample preparation, instrument set-up, image acquisition and data analysis to obtain reproducible SRS measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikritsis
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Elizabeth J. Legge
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Natalie A. Belsey
- Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Heuke S, Rimke I, Sarri B, Gasecka P, Appay R, Legoff L, Volz P, Büttner E, Rigneault H. Shot-noise limited tunable dual-vibrational frequency stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7780-7789. [PMID: 35003866 PMCID: PMC8713670 DOI: 10.1364/boe.446348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a shot-noise limited SRS implementation providing a >200 mW per excitation wavelength that is optimized for addressing two molecular vibrations simultaneously. As the key to producing a 3 ps laser of different colors out of a single fs-laser (15 nm FWHM), we use ultra-steep angle-tunable optical filters to extract 2 narrow-band Stokes laser beams (1-2 nm & 1-2 ps), which are separated by 100 cm-1. The center part of the fs-laser is frequency doubled to pump an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The temporal width of the OPO's output (1 ps) is matched to the Stokes beams and can be tuned from 650-980 nm to address simultaneously two Raman shifts separated by 100 cm-1 that are located between 500 cm-1 and 5000 cm-1. We demonstrate background-free SRS imaging of C-D labeled biological samples (bacteria and Drosophila). Furthermore, high quality virtual stimulated Raman histology imaging of a brain adenocarcinoma is shown for pixel dwell times of 16 µs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Heuke
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
- contributed equally to this work
| | - Ingo Rimke
- APE Angewandte Physik & Elektronik GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- contributed equally to this work
| | - Barbara Sarri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
- Lightcore Technologies, Cannes, France
| | - Paulina Gasecka
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Appay
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France
| | - Loic Legoff
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Peter Volz
- APE Angewandte Physik & Elektronik GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edlef Büttner
- APE Angewandte Physik & Elektronik GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hervé Rigneault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
- Lightcore Technologies, Cannes, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ito T, Iguchi R, Matsuoka F, Nishi Y, Ogihara T, Misawa K. Label-free skin penetration analysis using time-resolved, phase-modulated stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6545-6557. [PMID: 34745755 PMCID: PMC8548008 DOI: 10.1364/boe.436142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Skin penetration analysis of topically applied drugs or active compounds is essential in biomedical applications. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a promising label-free skin penetration analysis tool. However, conventional SRS microcopy suffers from limited signal contrast owing to strong background signals, which prevents its use in low-concentration drug imaging. Here, we present a skin penetration analysis method of topical agents using recently developed phase-modulated SRS (PM-SRS) microscopy. PM-SRS uses phase modulation and time-resolved signal detection to suppress both nonlinear background signals and Raman background signals from a tissue. A proof-of-concept experiment with a topically applied skin moisturizing agent (ectoine) in an in vitro skin tissue model revealed that PM-SRS with 1.7-ps probe delay yields a signal contrast 40 times higher than that of conventional amplitude-modulated SRS (AM-SRS). Skin penetration measurement of a topical therapeutic drug (loxoprofen sodium) showed that the mean drug concentration at the tissue surface layer after 240 min was 47.3 ± 4.8 mM. The proposed PM-SRS microscopy can be employed to monitor the spatial and temporal pharmacokinetics of small molecules in the millimolar concentration regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terumasa Ito
- Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Risa Iguchi
- Matsumoto Trading Co., Ltd., 1-13-7 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0022, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Matsuoka
- Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yoji Nishi
- Matsumoto Trading Co., Ltd., 1-13-7 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0022, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ogihara
- Matsumoto Trading Co., Ltd., 1-13-7 Nihonbashi-Muromachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Misawa
- Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang C, Aldana-Mendoza JA. Coherent Raman scattering microscopy for chemical imaging of biological systems. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/abfd09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) processes, including both the coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and stimulated Raman scattering, have been utilized in state-of-the-art microscopy platforms for chemical imaging of biological samples. The key advantage of CRS microscopy over fluorescence microscopy is label-free, which is an attractive characteristic for modern biological and medical sciences. Besides, CRS has other advantages such as higher selectivity to metabolites, no photobleaching, and narrow peak width. These features have brought fast-growing attention to CRS microscopy in biological research. In this review article, we will first briefly introduce the history of CRS microscopy, and then explain the theoretical background of the CRS processes in detail using the classical approach. Next, we will cover major instrumentation techniques of CRS microscopy. Finally, we will enumerate examples of recent applications of CRS imaging in biological and medical sciences.
Collapse
|
17
|
Işık D, Joshi AA, Guo X, Rancan F, Klossek A, Vogt A, Rühl E, Hedtrich S, Klinger D. Sulfoxide-functionalized nanogels inspired by the skin penetration properties of DMSO. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:712-725. [PMID: 33285562 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01717e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Among polymeric nanocarriers, nanogels are especially promising non-irritating delivery vehicles to increase dermal bioavailability of therapeutics. However, accurately tailoring defined interactions with the amphiphilic skin barrier is still challenging. To address this limited specificity, we herein present a new strategy to combine biocompatible nanogels with the outstanding skin interaction properties of sulfoxide moieties. These chemical motifs are known from dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a potent chemical penetration enhancer, which can often cause undesired skin damage upon long-term usage. By covalently functionalizing the nanogels' polymer network with such methyl sulfoxide side groups, tailor-made dermal delivery vehicles are developed to circumvent the skin disrupting properties of the small molecules. Key to an effective nanogel-skin interaction is assumed to be the specific nanogel amphiphilicity. This is examined by comparing the delivery efficiency of sulfoxide-based nanogels (NG-SOMe) with their corresponding thioether (NG-SMe) and sulfone-functionalized (NG-SO2Me) analogues. We demonstrate that the amphiphilic sulfoxide-based NG-SOMe nanogels are superior in their interaction with the likewise amphipathic stratum corneum (SC) showing an increased topical delivery efficacy of Nile red (NR) to the viable epidermis (VE) of excised human skin. In addition, toxicological studies on keratinocytes and fibroblasts show good biocompatibility while no perturbation of the complex protein and lipid distribution is observed via stimulated Raman microscopy. Thus, our NG-SOMe nanogels show high potential to effectively emulate the skin penetration enhancing properties of DMSO without its negative side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doğuş Işık
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Aaroh Anand Joshi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Xiao Guo
- Clinical Research Center of Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fiorenza Rancan
- Clinical Research Center of Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Klossek
- Physical Chemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Clinical Research Center of Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckart Rühl
- Physical Chemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany. and The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T1Z3, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang J, Grass D, Zhou Y, Warren WS, Fischer MC. Beyond intensity modulation: new approaches to pump-probe microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:1474-1477. [PMID: 33720215 DOI: 10.1364/ol.417905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pump-probe microscopy is an emerging nonlinear imaging technique based on high repetition rate lasers and fast intensity modulation. Here, we present new methods for pump-probe microscopy that keep the beam intensity constant and instead modulate the inter-pulse time delay or the relative polarization. These techniques can improve image quality for samples that have poor heat dissipation or long-lived radiative states and can selectively address nonlinear interactions in the sample. We experimentally demonstrate this approach and point out the advantages over conventional intensity modulation.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abdolghader P, Pegoraro AF, Joly NY, Ridsdale A, Lausten R, Légaré F, Stolow A. All normal dispersion nonlinear fibre supercontinuum source characterization and application in hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:35997-36008. [PMID: 33379704 DOI: 10.1364/oe.404977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperspectral stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a powerful label-free, chemical-specific technique for biomedical and mineralogical imaging. Usually, broad and rapid spectral scanning across Raman bands is required for species identification. In many implementations, however, the Raman spectral scan speed is limited by the need to tune source laser wavelengths. Alternatively, a broadband supercontinuum source can be considered. In SRS microscopy, however, source noise is critically important, precluding many spectral broadening schemes. Here we show that a supercontinuum light source based on all normal dispersion (ANDi) fibres provides a stable broadband output with very low incremental source noise. We characterized the noise power spectral density of the ANDi fibre output and demonstrated its use in hyperspectral SRS microscopy applications. This confirms the viability and ease of implementation of ANDi fibre sources for broadband SRS imaging.
Collapse
|
20
|
Heuke S, Lombardini A, Büttner E, Rigneault H. Simultaneous stimulated Raman gain and loss detection (SRGAL). OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:29619-29630. [PMID: 33114857 PMCID: PMC7679185 DOI: 10.1364/oe.400298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The fidelity of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy images is impaired by artifacts such as thermal lensing, cross-phase modulation and multi-photon absorption. These artifacts affect differently the stimulated Raman loss (SRL) and stimulated Raman gain (SRG) channels making SRL and SRG image comparisons attractive to identify and correct SRS image artifacts. To provide answer to the question: "Can I trust my SRS images?", we designed a novel, but straightforward SRS scheme that enables the dectection of the stimulated Raman gain and loss (SRGAL) simultaneously at the same pixel level. As an advantage over the conventional SRS imaging scheme, SRGAL doubles the SRS signal by acquiring both SRL as well as SRG and allows for the identification of SRS artifacts and their reduction via a balanced summation of the SRL and SRG images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Heuke
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Turing Center for Living Systems, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Lombardini
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Turing Center for Living Systems, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
- Current address: Institut de Biologie de l’École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Edlef Büttner
- APE Angewandte Physik & Elektronik GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hervé Rigneault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Turing Center for Living Systems, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
- Lightcore Technologies, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang D, Bian Q, Zhou Y, Huang Q, Gao J. The application of label-free imaging technologies in transdermal research for deeper mechanism revealing. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 16:265-279. [PMID: 34276818 PMCID: PMC8261078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The penetration behavior of topical substances in the skin not only relates to the transdermal delivery efficiency but also involves the safety and therapeutic effect of topical products, such as sunscreen and hair growth products. Researchers have tried to illustrate the transdermal process with diversified theories and technologies. Directly observing the distribution of topical substances on skin by characteristic imaging is the most convincing approach. Unfortunately, fluorescence labeling imaging, which is commonly used in biochemical research, is limited for transdermal research for most topical substances with a molecular mass less than 500 Da. Label-free imaging technologies possess the advantages of not requiring any macromolecular dyes, no tissue destruction and an extensive substance detection capability, which has enabled rapid development of such technologies in recent years and their introduction to biological tissue analysis, such as skin samples. Through the specific identification of topical substances and endogenous tissue components, label-free imaging technologies can provide abundant tissue distribution information, enrich theoretical and practical guidance for transdermal drug delivery systems. In this review, we expound the mechanisms and applications of the most popular label-free imaging technologies in transdermal research at present, compare their advantages and disadvantages, and forecast development prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danping Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiong Bian
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaoling Huang
- The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for New-Type External and Transdermal Preparations, Changzhou 213000, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Osorio-Blanco ER, Rancan F, Klossek A, Nissen JH, Hoffmann L, Bergueiro J, Riedel S, Vogt A, Rühl E, Calderón M. Polyglycerol-Based Thermoresponsive Nanocapsules Induce Skin Hydration and Serve as a Skin Penetration Enhancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30136-30144. [PMID: 32519848 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of penetration enhancers (chemical or physical) has been proven to dramatically improve the penetration of therapeutics. Nevertheless, their use poses great risks, as they can lead to permanent damage of the skin, reduce its barrier efficiency, and result in the intrusion of harmful substances. Among the most used skin penetration enhancers, water is greatly accepted because skin quickly recovers from its exposure. Nanocapsules (NCs) represent a promising combination of the carrier system and penetration enhancer because their water-containing void combined with their polymer-based shell can be used to induce high local skin hydration, while simultaneously aiding the transport of drugs across the skin barrier. In this study, NCs were synthesized with a void core of 100 nm in diameter, a thermoresponsive shell based on different ratios of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) as thermoresponsive polymers, and dendritic polyglycerol as a macromolecular cross-linker. These NCs can shrink or swell upon a thermal trigger, which was used to induce the release of the entrapped water in a controlled fashion. The interactions and effects of thermoresponsive NCs on the stratum corneum of excised human skin were investigated using fluorescence microscopy, high-resolution optical microscopy, and stimulated Raman spectromicroscopy. It could be observed that the thermoresponsive NCs increase the amount of deuterated water that penetrated into the viable epidermis. Moreover, NCs increased the skin penetration of a high-molecular weight dye (Atto Oxa12 NHS ester, MW = 835 g/mol) with respect to formulations in water or 30% DMSO, emphasizing the features of the NCs as a skin penetration enhancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto R Osorio-Blanco
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fiorenza Rancan
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Klossek
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan H Nissen
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa Hoffmann
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Bergueiro
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Comopostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckart Rühl
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- POLYMAT and Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lombardini A, Berto P, Duboisset J, Andresen ER, Heuke S, Büttner E, Rimke I, Vergnole S, Shinkar V, de Bettignies P, Rigneault H. Background-suppressed SRS fingerprint imaging with a fully integrated system using a single optical parametric oscillator. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:14490-14502. [PMID: 32403488 PMCID: PMC7340376 DOI: 10.1364/oe.390381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) imaging can be hampered by non-resonant parasitic signals that lead to imaging artifacts and eventually overwhelm the Raman signal of interest. Stimulated Raman gain opposite loss detection (SRGOLD) is a three-beam excitation scheme capable of suppressing this nonlinear background while enhancing the resonant Raman signal. We present here a compact electro-optical system for SRGOLD excitation which conveniently exploits the idler beam generated by an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). We demonstrate its successful application for background suppressed SRS imaging in the fingerprint region. This system constitutes a simple and valuable add-on for standard coherent Raman laser sources since it enables flexible excitation and background suppression in SRS imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Lombardini
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
- Institut de Biologie de l’École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Pascal Berto
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Institut de la vision, CNRS-UMR 7210, Paris, France
| | - Julien Duboisset
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Esben Ravn Andresen
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 – PhLAM – Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molecules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sandro Heuke
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Edlef Büttner
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 – PhLAM – Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molecules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ingo Rimke
- APE Angewandte Physik & Elektronik GmbH, Haus N, Plauener Str. 163-165, D-13053 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Vasyl Shinkar
- HORIBA Scientific 231 rue de Lille F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | | | - Hervé Rigneault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xiong H, Qian N, Zhao Z, Shi L, Miao Y, Min W. Background-free imaging of chemical bonds by a simple and robust frequency-modulated stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:15663-15677. [PMID: 32403589 PMCID: PMC7340375 DOI: 10.1364/oe.391016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Being able to image chemical bonds with high sensitivity and speed, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has made a major impact in biomedical optics. However, it is well known that the standard SRS microscopy suffers from various backgrounds, limiting the achievable contrast, quantification and sensitivity. While many frequency-modulation (FM) SRS schemes have been demonstrated to retrieve the sharp vibrational contrast, they often require customized laser systems and/or complicated laser pulse shaping or introduce additional noise, thereby hindering wide adoption. Herein we report a simple but robust strategy for FM-SRS microscopy based on a popular commercial laser system and regular optics. Harnessing self-phase modulation induced self-balanced spectral splitting of picosecond Stokes beam propagating in standard single-mode silica fibers, a high-performance FM-SRS system is constructed without introducing any additional signal noise. Our strategy enables adaptive spectral resolution for background-free SRS imaging of Raman modes with different linewidths. The generality of our method is demonstrated on a variety of Raman modes with effective suppressing of backgrounds including non-resonant cross phase modulation and electronic background from two-photon absorption or pump-probe process. As such, our method is promising to be adopted by the SRS microscopy community for background-free chemical imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Naixin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zhilun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Lingyan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yupeng Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wei Min
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sepp K, Lee M, Bluntzer MTJ, Helgason GV, Hulme AN, Brunton VG. Utilizing Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy To Study Intracellular Distribution of Label-Free Ponatinib in Live Cells. J Med Chem 2020; 63:2028-2034. [PMID: 31829628 PMCID: PMC7073915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy represents a powerful method for imaging label-free drug distribution with high resolution. SRS was applied to image label-free ponatinib with high sensitivity and specificity in live human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines. This was achieved at biologically relevant, nanomolar concentrations, allowing determination of ponatinib uptake and sequestration into lysosomes during the development of acquired drug resistance and an improved understanding of target engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Sepp
- Edinburgh Cancer
Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Martin Lee
- Edinburgh Cancer
Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
| | - Marie T. J. Bluntzer
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - G. Vignir Helgason
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, U.K.
| | - Alison N. Hulme
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer
Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fimpel P, Choorakuttil AJX, Pruccoli A, Ebner L, Tanaka S, Ozeki Y, Winterhalder MJ, Zumbusch A. Double modulation SRS and SREF microscopy: signal contributions under pre-resonance conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21421-21427. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03221b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Double modulation of the excitation light gives quantitative insight into signal contributions in pre-resonance SRS and SREF spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fimpel
- Department Chemie
- Universität Konstanz
- D-78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | | | - Andrea Pruccoli
- Department Chemie
- Universität Konstanz
- D-78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - Lukas Ebner
- Department Chemie
- Universität Konstanz
- D-78457 Konstanz
- Germany
| | - Shunji Tanaka
- Department of Electrical Engineeering and Information Systems
- University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ozeki
- Department of Electrical Engineeering and Information Systems
- University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-8656
- Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ling J, Miao X, Sun Y, Feng Y, Zhang L, Sun Z, Ji M. Vibrational Imaging and Quantification of Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Boron Nitride with Stimulated Raman Scattering. ACS NANO 2019; 13:14033-14040. [PMID: 31725258 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is an important member of two-dimensional (2D) materials with a large direct bandgap, and has attracted growing interest in ultraviolet optoelectronics and nanoelectronics. Compared with graphene and graphite, h-BN has weak Raman effect because of the far off-resonance excitation; hence, it is difficult to exploit Raman spectroscopy to characterize important properties of 2D h-BN, such as thickness, doping, and strain effects. Here, we applied stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) to enhance the sensitivity of the E2g Raman mode of h-BN. We showed that SRS microscopy achieves rapid high resolution imaging of h-BN with a pixel dwell time 4 orders of magnitude smaller than conventional spontaneous Raman microscopy. Moreover, the near-perfect linear dependence of signal intensity on h-BN thickness and isotropic polarization dependence allow convenient determination of the flake thickness with SRS imaging. Our results indicated that SRS microscopy provides a promising tool for high-speed quantification of h-BN and holds the potential for vibrational imaging of 2D materials.
Collapse
|
28
|
Das S, Liang YC, Tanaka S, Ozeki Y, Kao FJ. Synchronized subharmonic modulation in stimulated emission microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:27159-27167. [PMID: 31674582 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.027159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have demonstrated a stimulated emission (SE)-based pump-probe microscopy with subharmonic fast gate synchronization, which allows over an order of magnitude improvement in signal-to-noise ratio. Critically, the alternative way of modulation is implemented with the highest possible frequency that follows the lasers' repetition rate. Its working is based on a homemade frequency divider that divides the repetition frequency (76 MHz) of the Ti:sapphire (probe) laser to half of the repetition frequency, 38 MHz, which is used to synchronously drive the pump laser and to provide the reference signal for the ensuing lock-in detection. In this way, SE can be detected with sensitivity reaching the theoretical (shot noise) limits, with a much lower time constant (0.1 ms) for faster image acquisition.
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhao Y, Man Y, Wen J, Guo Y, Lin J. Advances in Imaging Plant Cell Walls. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:867-878. [PMID: 31257154 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of cell wall architecture, including the crosslinking of cell wall polymers, provides crucial information for elucidating the relationship between cell wall structure and cell function. Moreover, examination of the cell wall informs efforts to improve biomass breakdown in bioreactor conditions. Over the past decades, imaging techniques have been used extensively to reveal the structural organization and chemical composition of cell walls, but detailed imaging of the native composition and architecture of the cell wall remains challenging. Here, we review progress in the development of cell wall imaging techniques. In particular, we focus on several advanced, label-free techniques for imaging cell walls and their potential applications in investigation of the biological functions of plant cell walls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Man
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jialong Wen
- Beijing Key laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yayu Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Francis AT, Berry K, Thomas EC, Hill AH, Fu D. In Vitro Quantification of Single Red Blood Cell Oxygen Saturation by Femtosecond Transient Absorption Microscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3312-3317. [PMID: 31141669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying protein, ferries nearly all bodily oxygen from the lungs to cells and tissues in need. Blood oxygen saturation (sO2) thus plays an important role in maintaining energy homeostasis throughout the body. Clinical and research tools have been developed to monitor sO2 at a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. However, real-time quantification of sO2 at single red blood cell (RBC) resolution remains challenging. Such capability is critically important to study energy metabolism in heterogeneous tissues including brain and tumor tissue. In this work, we develop a ratiometric transient absorption microscopy technique to image hemoglobin sO2. By exploiting differences in transient lifetime kinetics between oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, we directly quantified the sO2 of single RBCs in real-time without the need for injection of exogenous agents. This simple and high-speed nonlinear optical imaging technique is well suited for in vitro and in vivo quantification of sO2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Francis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Kyla Berry
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Elena C Thomas
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Andrew H Hill
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wanjiku B, Yamamoto K, Klossek A, Schumacher F, Pischon H, Mundhenk L, Rancan F, Judd MM, Ahmed M, Zoschke C, Kleuser B, Rühl E, Schäfer-Korting M. Qualifying X-ray and Stimulated Raman Spectromicroscopy for Mapping Cutaneous Drug Penetration. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7208-7214. [PMID: 31090401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Research on topical drug delivery relies on reconstructed human skin (RHS) in addition to ex vivo human and animal skin, each with specific physiological features. Here, we compared the penetration of dexamethasone from an ethanolic hydroxyethyl cellulose gel into ex vivo human skin, murine skin, and RHS. For comprehensive insights into skin morphology and penetration enhancing mechanisms, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and stimulated Raman spectromicroscopy (SRS) were combined. STXM offers high spatial resolution with label-free drug detection and is therefore sensitive to tissue damage. Despite differences in sample preparation and data analysis, the amounts of dexamethasone in RHS, detected and quantified by STXM and LC-MS/MS, were very similar and increased during the first 100 min of exposure. SRS revealed interactions between the gel and the stratum corneum or, more specifically, its protein and lipid structures. Similar to both types of ex vivo skin, higher protein-to-lipid ratios within the stratum corneum of RHS indicated reduced lipid amounts after 30 min of ethanol exposure. Extended ethanol exposure led to a continued reduction of lipids in the ex vivo matrixes, while protein integrity appeared to be compromised in RHS, which led to declining protein signals. In conclusion, LC-MS/MS proved the predictive capability of STXM for label-free drug detection. Combining STXM with SRS precisely dissected the penetration enhancing effects of ethanol. Further studies on topical drug delivery should consider the potential of these complementary techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wanjiku
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology) , Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2 + 4 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Kenji Yamamoto
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (Physical Chemistry) , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - André Klossek
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (Physical Chemistry) , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Nutritional Science , University of Potsdam , Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-6 , 14558 Nuthetal , Germany.,Department of Molecular Biology , University of Duisburg-Essen , Hufelandstrasse 55 , 45147 Essen , Germany
| | - Hannah Pischon
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology , Freie Universität Berlin , Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 15 , 14163 Berlin , Germany
| | - Lars Mundhenk
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology , Freie Universität Berlin , Robert-von-Ostertag-Strasse 15 , 14163 Berlin , Germany
| | - Fiorenza Rancan
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science , Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Charitéplatz 1 , 10117 Berlin , Germany
| | - Martyna M Judd
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (Physical Chemistry) , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology) , Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2 + 4 , 14195 Berlin , Germany.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology , University of Dhaka , Dhaka 1000 , Bangladesh
| | - Christian Zoschke
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology) , Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2 + 4 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Nutritional Science , University of Potsdam , Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-6 , 14558 Nuthetal , Germany
| | - Eckart Rühl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (Physical Chemistry) , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Monika Schäfer-Korting
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology) , Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2 + 4 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Direct mineralogical imaging of economic ore and rock samples with multi-modal nonlinear optical microscopy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16917. [PMID: 30446672 PMCID: PMC6240089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-modal nonlinear optical (NLO) microscopy, including stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and second harmonic generation (SHG), was used to directly image mineralogical features of economic ore and rock samples. In SRS/SHG imaging, ore samples generally require minimal preparation and may be rapidly imaged, even in their wet state. 3D structural details, at submicron resolution, are revealed tens of microns deep within samples. Standard mineral imaging based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with elemental analysis via energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy, was used to independently validate the mineral composition of the samples. Spatially-resolved SRS from dominant Raman-resonant bands precisely maps the locations of specific minerals contained within the samples. SHG imaging reveals locally non-centrosymmetric structures, such as quartz grains. Competing absorption and nonlinear scattering processes, however, can reduce contrast in SRS imaging. Importantly, the correlation between standard electron microscopy and multi-modal NLO optical microscopy shows that the latter offers rapid image contrast based on the mineral content of the sample.
Collapse
|
33
|
Francis AT, Nguyen TT, Lamm MS, Teller R, Forster SP, Xu W, Rhodes T, Smith RL, Kuiper J, Su Y, Fu D. In Situ Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) Microscopy Study of the Dissolution of Sustained-Release Implant Formulation. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5793-5801. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Tai T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Matthew S. Lamm
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ryan Teller
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Seth P. Forster
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Wei Xu
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Timothy Rhodes
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Ronald L. Smith
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Jesse Kuiper
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yongchao Su
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Heuke S, Sarri B, Audier X, Rigneault H. Simultaneous dual-channel stimulated Raman scattering microscopy demultiplexed at distinct modulation frequencies. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:3582-3585. [PMID: 30067629 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
To increase the information per pixel in stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy as well as to correct from artifacts, it is valuable to acquire images at two different Raman shifts. We present a three-color SRS approach acquiring two perfectly registered SRS images where both pump beams are modulated at distinct frequencies while demodulating the Stokes beam. Our implementation uses two optical parametric oscillators that can be tuned to an almost arbitrary energy difference of Raman shifts, allowing investigation of fingerprint resonances simultaneously to CH-stretch vibrations.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Histopathology plays a central role in diagnosis of many diseases including solid cancers. Efforts are underway to transform this subjective art to an objective and quantitative science. Coherent Raman imaging (CRI), a label-free imaging modality with sub-cellular spatial resolution and molecule-specific contrast possesses characteristics which could support the qualitative-to-quantitative transition of histopathology. In this work we briefly survey major themes related to modernization of histopathology, review applications of CRI to histopathology and, finally, discuss potential roles for CRI in the transformation of histopathology that is already underway.
Collapse
|
36
|
Quantitative chemical imaging with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 39:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
37
|
Garrett NL, Singh B, Jones A, Moger J. Imaging microscopic distribution of antifungal agents in dandruff treatments with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:66003. [PMID: 28599021 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.6.066003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of dandruff condition usually involves use of antidandruff shampoos containing antifungal agents. Different antifungal agents show variable clinical efficacy based on their cutaneous distribution and bioavailability. Using stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), we mapped the distribution of unlabeled low-molecular weight antifungal compounds zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) and climbazole (CBZ) on the surface of intact porcine skin with cellular precision. SRS has sufficient chemical selectivity and sensitivity to detect the agents on the skin surface based on their unique chemical motifs that do not occur naturally in biological tissues. Moreover, SRS is able to correlate the distribution of the agents with the morphological features of the skin using the CH 2 stretch mode, which is abundant in skin lipids. This is a significant strength of the technique since it allows the microscopic accumulation of the agents to be correlated with physiological features and their chemical environment without the use of counter stains. Our findings show that due to its lower solubility, ZnPT coats the surface of the skin with a sparse layer of crystals in the size range of 1 to 4 ?? ? m . This is consistent with the current understanding of the mode of action of ZnPT. In contrast, CBZ being more soluble and hydrophobic resulted in diffuse homogeneous distribution. It predominantly resided in microscopic lipid-rich crevasses and penetrated up to 60 ?? ? m into the infundibular spaces surrounding the hair shaft. The ability of the SRS to selectively map the distribution of agents on the skin’s surface has the potential to provide insight into the mechanisms underpinning the topical application of antifungal or skin-active agents that could lead to the rational engineering of enhanced formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natlaie L Garrett
- University of Exeter, School of Physics, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Bhumika Singh
- Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Jones
- Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Bebington, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Moger
- University of Exeter, School of Physics, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lombardini A, Andresen ER, Kudlinski A, Rimke I, Rigneault H. Origin and suppression of parasitic signals in Kagomé lattice hollow core fibers used for SRS microscopy and endoscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:1824-1827. [PMID: 28454170 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.001824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hollow core fibers are considered as promising candidates to deliver intense temporally overlapping picosecond pulses in applications such as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy and endoscopy because of their inherent low nonlinearity compared to solid-core silica fibers. Here we demonstrate that, contrary to prior assumptions, parasitic signals are generated in Kagomé lattice hollow core fibers. We identify the origin of the parasitic signals as an interplay between the Kerr nonlinearity of air and frequency-dependent fiber losses. Importantly, we identify the special cases of experimental parameters that are free from parasitic signals, making hollow core fibers ideal candidates for noise-free SRS microscopy and endoscopy.
Collapse
|
39
|
Berto P, Scotté C, Galland F, Rigneault H, de Aguiar HB. Programmable single-pixel-based broadband stimulated Raman scattering. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:1696-1699. [PMID: 28454138 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.001696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple add-on for broadband stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopes to enable fast and programmable spectroscopy acquisition. It comprises a conventional dispersive spectrometer layout incorporating a fast digital micromirror device (DMD). The approach is validated by acquiring SRS spectra of standard chemicals. We demonstrate a DMD's advantage in broadband SRS by showing higher signal-to-noise ratio using a multiplexed Hadamard spectral basis and compressive sensing detection. Our results apply to a variety of frequency-domain pump-probe spectroscopy.
Collapse
|
40
|
Klossek A, Thierbach S, Rancan F, Vogt A, Blume-Peytavi U, Rühl E. Studies for improved understanding of lipid distributions in human skin by combining stimulated and spontaneous Raman microscopy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 116:76-84. [PMID: 27864053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Advanced Raman techniques, such as stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SRS), have become a valuable tool for investigations of distributions of substances in biological samples. However, these techniques lack spectral information and are therefore highly affected by cross-sensitivities, which are due to blended Raman bands. One typical example is the symmetric CH2 stretching vibration of lipids, which is blended with the more intense Raman band of proteins. We report in this work an approach to reduce such cross-sensitivities by a factor of 8 in human skin samples. This is accomplished by careful spectral deconvolutions revealing the neat spectra of skin lipids. Extensive Raman studies combining the complementary advantages of fast mapping and scanning, i.e. SRS, as well as spectral information provided by spontaneous Raman spectroscopy, were performed on the same skin regions. In addition, an approach for correcting artifacts is reported, which are due to transmission and reflection geometries in Raman microscopy as well as scattering of radiation from rough and highly structured skin samples. As a result, these developments offer improved results obtained from label-free spectromicroscopy provided by Raman techniques. These yield substance specific information from spectral regimes in which blended bands dominate. This improvement is illustrated by studies on the asymmetric CH2 stretching vibration of lipids, which was previously difficult to identify due to the strong background signal from proteins. The advantage of the correction procedures is demonstrated by higher spatial resolution permitting to perform more detailed investigations on lipids and their composition in skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Klossek
- Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Thierbach
- Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Rancan
- Klinisches Forschungszentrum für Haut-und Haarforschung, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Vogt
- Klinisches Forschungszentrum für Haut-und Haarforschung, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - U Blume-Peytavi
- Klinisches Forschungszentrum für Haut-und Haarforschung, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - E Rühl
- Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jermyn M, Desroches J, Aubertin K, St-Arnaud K, Madore WJ, De Montigny E, Guiot MC, Trudel D, Wilson BC, Petrecca K, Leblond F. A review of Raman spectroscopy advances with an emphasis on clinical translation challenges in oncology. Phys Med Biol 2016; 61:R370-R400. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/23/r370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
42
|
Saltarelli F, Kumar V, Viola D, Crisafi F, Preda F, Cerullo G, Polli D. Broadband stimulated Raman scattering spectroscopy by a photonic time stretcher. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:21264-21275. [PMID: 27661870 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.021264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering spectroscopy is a powerful technique for label-free molecular identification, but its broadband implementation is technically challenging. We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a novel approach based on photonic time stretch. The broadband femtosecond Stokes pulse, after interacting with the sample, is stretched by a telecom fiber to ≈15ns, mapping its spectrum in time. The signal is sampled through a fast analog-to-digital converter, providing single-shot spectra at 80-kHz rate. We demonstrate ≈10-5 sensitivity over ≈500cm-1 in the C-H region. Our results pave the way to high-speed broadband vibrational imaging for materials science and biophotonics.
Collapse
|
43
|
Liao CS, Cheng JX. In Situ and In Vivo Molecular Analysis by Coherent Raman Scattering Microscopy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2016; 9:69-93. [PMID: 27306307 PMCID: PMC5367927 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071015-041627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) microscopy is a high-speed vibrational imaging platform with the ability to visualize the chemical content of a living specimen by using molecular vibrational fingerprints. We review technical advances and biological applications of CRS microscopy. The basic theory of CRS and the state-of-the-art instrumentation of a CRS microscope are presented. We further summarize and compare the algorithms that are used to separate the Raman signal from the nonresonant background, to denoise a CRS image, and to decompose a hyperspectral CRS image into concentration maps of principal components. Important applications of single-frequency and hyperspectral CRS microscopy are highlighted. Potential directions of CRS microscopy are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Sheng Liao
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907;
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907;
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cleff C, Gasecka A, Ferrand P, Rigneault H, Brasselet S, Duboisset J. Direct imaging of molecular symmetry by coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11562. [PMID: 27189667 PMCID: PMC4873966 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonlinear optical methods, such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and stimulated Raman scattering, are able to perform label-free imaging, with chemical bonds specificity. Here we demonstrate that the use of circularly polarized light allows to retrieve not only the chemical nature but also the symmetry of the probed sample, in a single measurement. Our symmetry-resolved scheme offers simple access to the local organization of vibrational bonds and as a result provides enhanced image contrast for anisotropic samples, as well as an improved chemical selectivity. We quantify the local organization of vibrational bonds on crystalline and biological samples, thus providing information not accessible by spontaneous Raman and stimulated Raman scattering techniques. This work stands for a symmetry-resolved contrast in vibrational microscopy, with potential application in biological diagnostic. Coherent Raman imaging is a high fidelity technique to obtain chemical-sensitive images, however sub-diffraction molecular organization information is still missing. Here, the authors exploit molecular bond symmetries to access the microscopic organization of molecules in a single image acquisition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Cleff
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, UMR 7249, Domaine Universitaire de Saint Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, Marseille, F-13397, France
| | - Alicja Gasecka
- Quebec Mental Health Institute Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada G1J 2G3.,Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Laser (COPL), Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Patrick Ferrand
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, UMR 7249, Domaine Universitaire de Saint Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, Marseille, F-13397, France
| | - Hervé Rigneault
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, UMR 7249, Domaine Universitaire de Saint Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, Marseille, F-13397, France
| | - Sophie Brasselet
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, UMR 7249, Domaine Universitaire de Saint Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, Marseille, F-13397, France
| | - Julien Duboisset
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, UMR 7249, Domaine Universitaire de Saint Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, Marseille, F-13397, France
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lioe DX, Mars K, Kawahito S, Yasutomi K, Kagawa K, Yamada T, Hashimoto M. A Stimulated Raman Scattering CMOS Pixel Using a High-Speed Charge Modulator and Lock-in Amplifier. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16040532. [PMID: 27089339 PMCID: PMC4851046 DOI: 10.3390/s16040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) lock-in pixel to observe stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) using a high speed lateral electric field modulator (LEFM) for photo-generated charges and in-pixel readout circuits is presented. An effective SRS signal generated after the SRS process is very small and needs to be extracted from an extremely large offset due to a probing laser signal. In order to suppress the offset components while amplifying high-frequency modulated small SRS signal components, the lock-in pixel uses a high-speed LEFM for demodulating the SRS signal, resistor-capacitor low-pass filter (RC-LPF) and switched-capacitor (SC) integrator with a fully CMOS differential amplifier. AC (modulated) components remained in the RC-LPF outputs are eliminated by the phase-adjusted sampling with the SC integrator and the demodulated DC (unmodulated) components due to the SRS signal are integrated over many samples in the SC integrator. In order to suppress further the residual offset and the low frequency noise (1/f noise) components, a double modulation technique is introduced in the SRS signal measurements, where the phase of high-frequency modulated laser beam before irradiation of a specimen is modulated at an intermediate frequency and the demodulation is done at the lock-in pixel output. A prototype chip for characterizing the SRS lock-in pixel is implemented and a successful operation is demonstrated. The reduction effects of residual offset and 1/f noise components are confirmed by the measurements. A ratio of the detected small SRS to offset a signal of less than 10−5 is experimentally demonstrated, and the SRS spectrum of a Benzonitrile sample is successfully observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De Xing Lioe
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Nakaku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011, Japan.
| | - Kamel Mars
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Nakaku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011, Japan.
| | - Shoji Kawahito
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Nakaku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011, Japan.
| | - Keita Yasutomi
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Nakaku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011, Japan.
| | - Keiichiro Kagawa
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Nakaku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8011, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Mamoru Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Quérard J, Le Saux T, Gautier A, Alcor D, Croquette V, Lemarchand A, Gosse C, Jullien L. Kinetics of Reactive Modules Adds Discriminative Dimensions for Selective Cell Imaging. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1396-413. [PMID: 26833808 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Living cells are chemical mixtures of exceptional interest and significance, whose investigation requires the development of powerful analytical tools fulfilling the demanding constraints resulting from their singular features. In particular, multiplexed observation of a large number of molecular targets with high spatiotemporal resolution appears highly desirable. One attractive road to address this analytical challenge relies on engaging the targets in reactions and exploiting the rich kinetic signature of the resulting reactive module, which originates from its topology and its rate constants. This review explores the various facets of this promising strategy. We first emphasize the singularity of the content of a living cell as a chemical mixture and suggest that its multiplexed observation is significant and timely. Then, we show that exploiting the kinetics of analytical processes is relevant to selectively detect a given analyte: upon perturbing the system, the kinetic window associated to response read-out has to be matched with that of the targeted reactive module. Eventually, we introduce the state-of-the-art of cell imaging exploiting protocols based on reaction kinetics and draw some promising perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Quérard
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
| | - Thomas Le Saux
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
| | - Damien Alcor
- INSERM U1065, C3M; 151 route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194 F-06204 Nice Cedex 3 France
| | - Vincent Croquette
- Ecole Normale Supérieure; Département de Physique and Département de Biologie, Laboratoire de Physique Statistique UMR CNRS-ENS 8550; 24 rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
| | - Annie Lemarchand
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée; 4 place Jussieu, case courrier 121 75252 Paris cedex 05 France
- CNRS, UMR 7600 LPTMC; 75005 Paris France
| | - Charlie Gosse
- Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, LPN-CNRS; route de Nozay 91460 Marcoussis France
| | - Ludovic Jullien
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pure electrical, highly-efficient and sidelobe free coherent Raman spectroscopy using acousto-optics tunable filter (AOTF). Sci Rep 2016; 6:20017. [PMID: 26828198 PMCID: PMC4734326 DOI: 10.1038/srep20017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast and sensitive Raman spectroscopy measurements are imperative for a large number of applications in biomedical imaging, remote sensing and material characterization. Stimulated Raman spectroscopy offers a substantial improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio but is often limited to a discrete number of wavelengths. In this report, by introducing an electronically-tunable acousto-optical filter as a wavelength selector, a novel approach to a broadband stimulated Raman spectroscopy is demonstrated. The corresponding Raman shift covers the spectral range from 600 cm−1 to 4500 cm−1, sufficient for probing most vibrational Raman transitions. We validated the use of the new instrumentation to both coherent anti-Stokes scattering (CARS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) spectroscopies.
Collapse
|
48
|
Andreana M, Houle MA, Moffatt DJ, Ridsdale A, Buettner E, Légaré F, Stolow A. Amplitude and polarization modulated hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:28119-28131. [PMID: 26561083 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.028119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) microscopy method based on spectral focusing of chirped femtosecond pulses, combined with amplitude (AM) and polarization (PM) modulation. This approach permits the imaging of low concentration components with reduced background signals, combined with good hyperspectral resolution and rapid spectral scanning. We demonstrate, using PM-SRS in a Raman loss configuration, the spectrally resolved detection of deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d6) at concentrations as low as 0.039 % (5.5 mM). In general, background signals due to cross-phase modulation (XPM), two-photon absorption (TPA) and thermal lensing (TL) can reduce the contrast in SRS microscopy. We show that the nonresonant background signal contributing to the SRS signal is, in our case, largely due to XPM. Polarization modulation of the Stokes beam eliminates the nonresonant XPM background, yielding high quality hyperspectral scans at low analyte concentration. The flexibility of our combined AM-PM approach, together with the use of variable modulation frequency and lock-in phase, should allow for optimization of SRS imaging in more complex samples.
Collapse
|
49
|
Ji M, Lewis S, Camelo-Piragua S, Ramkissoon SH, Snuderl M, Venneti S, Fisher-Hubbard A, Garrard M, Fu D, Wang AC, Heth JA, Maher CO, Sanai N, Johnson TD, Freudiger CW, Sagher O, Xie XS, Orringer DA. Detection of human brain tumor infiltration with quantitative stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:309ra163. [PMID: 26468325 PMCID: PMC4900155 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aab0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating tumor from normal brain is a major barrier to achieving optimal outcome in brain tumor surgery. New imaging techniques for visualizing tumor margins during surgery are needed to improve surgical results. We recently demonstrated the ability of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, a nondestructive, label-free optical method, to reveal glioma infiltration in animal models. We show that SRS reveals human brain tumor infiltration in fresh, unprocessed surgical specimens from 22 neurosurgical patients. SRS detects tumor infiltration in near-perfect agreement with standard hematoxylin and eosin light microscopy (κ = 0.86). The unique chemical contrast specific to SRS microscopy enables tumor detection by revealing quantifiable alterations in tissue cellularity, axonal density, and protein/lipid ratio in tumor-infiltrated tissues. To ensure that SRS microscopic data can be easily used in brain tumor surgery, without the need for expert interpretation, we created a classifier based on cellularity, axonal density, and protein/lipid ratio in SRS images capable of detecting tumor infiltration with 97.5% sensitivity and 98.5% specificity. Quantitative SRS microscopy detects the spread of tumor cells, even in brain tissue surrounding a tumor that appears grossly normal. By accurately revealing tumor infiltration, quantitative SRS microscopy holds potential for improving the accuracy of brain tumor surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minbiao Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Spencer Lewis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Shakti H Ramkissoon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA. Department of Neurology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Mia Garrard
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Anthony C Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jason A Heth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Cormac O Maher
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nader Sanai
- Barrow Brain Tumor Research Center, Division of Neurosurgical Oncology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Timothy D Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Oren Sagher
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaoliang Sunney Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Daniel A Orringer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Label-free DNA imaging in vivo with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:11624-9. [PMID: 26324899 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1515121112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Label-free DNA imaging is highly desirable in biology and medicine to perform live imaging without affecting cell function and to obtain instant histological tissue examination during surgical procedures. Here we show a label-free DNA imaging method with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy for visualization of the cell nuclei in live animals and intact fresh human tissues with subcellular resolution. Relying on the distinct Raman spectral features of the carbon-hydrogen bonds in DNA, the distribution of DNA is retrieved from the strong background of proteins and lipids by linear decomposition of SRS images at three optimally selected Raman shifts. Based on changes on DNA condensation in the nucleus, we were able to capture chromosome dynamics during cell division both in vitro and in vivo. We tracked mouse skin cell proliferation, induced by drug treatment, through in vivo counting of the mitotic rate. Furthermore, we demonstrated a label-free histology method for human skin cancer diagnosis that provides comparable results to other conventional tissue staining methods such as H&E. Our approach exhibits higher sensitivity than SRS imaging of DNA in the fingerprint spectral region. Compared with spontaneous Raman imaging of DNA, our approach is three orders of magnitude faster, allowing both chromatin dynamic studies and label-free optical histology in real time.
Collapse
|