1
|
Ma Y, Xu J, Qi J, Zhao D, Jin M, Wang T, Yang Y, Shi H, Guo L, Zhang H. Crosstalk among plant hormone regulates the root development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2404807. [PMID: 39279500 PMCID: PMC11407385 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2404807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
The plant root absorbs water and nutrients, anchors the plant in the soil, and promotes plant development. Root is developed from root apical meristem (RAM), which is formed during embryo stage and is maintained by dividing stem cells. Plant hormones have a predominant role in RAM maintenance. This review evaluates the functional crosstalk among three major hormones (auxin, cytokinin, and brassinolide) in RAM development in Arabidopsis, integrating a variety of experimental data into a regulatory network and revealing multiple layers of complexity in the crosstalk among these three hormones. We also discuss possible directions for future research on the roles of hormones in regulating RAM development and maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiahong Qi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, China
| | - Mei Jin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tuo Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haojia Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation; Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bray SM, Hämälä T, Zhou M, Busoms S, Fischer S, Desjardins SD, Mandáková T, Moore C, Mathers TC, Cowan L, Monnahan P, Koch J, Wolf EM, Lysak MA, Kolar F, Higgins JD, Koch MA, Yant L. Kinetochore and ionomic adaptation to whole-genome duplication in Cochlearia shows evolutionary convergence in three autopolyploids. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114576. [PMID: 39116207 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome duplication (WGD) occurs in all kingdoms and impacts speciation, domestication, and cancer outcome. However, doubled DNA management can be challenging for nascent polyploids. The study of within-species polyploidy (autopolyploidy) permits focus on this DNA management aspect, decoupling it from the confounding effects of hybridization (in allopolyploid hybrids). How is autopolyploidy tolerated, and how do young polyploids stabilize? Here, we introduce a powerful model to address this: the genus Cochlearia, which has experienced many polyploidization events. We assess meiosis and other polyploid-relevant phenotypes, generate a chromosome-scale genome, and sequence 113 individuals from 33 ploidy-contrasting populations. We detect an obvious autopolyploidy-associated selection signal at kinetochore components and ion transporters. Modeling the selected alleles, we detail evidence of the kinetochore complex mediating adaptation to polyploidy. We compare candidates in independent autopolyploids across three genera separated by 40 million years, highlighting a common function at the process and gene levels, indicating evolutionary flexibility in response to polyploidy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sian M Bray
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; The John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Tuomas Hämälä
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Min Zhou
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Silvia Busoms
- The John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; Department of Plant Physiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sina Fischer
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stuart D Desjardins
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Chris Moore
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Thomas C Mathers
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Laura Cowan
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | - Eva M Wolf
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin A Lysak
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Kolar
- Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague, Czech Republic; The Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - James D Higgins
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Marcus A Koch
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Levi Yant
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Herbst J, Li QQ, De Veylder L. Mechanistic insights into DNA damage recognition and checkpoint control in plants. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:539-550. [PMID: 38503962 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The plant DNA damage response (DDR) pathway safeguards genomic integrity by rapid recognition and repair of DNA lesions that, if unrepaired, may cause genome instability. Most frequently, DNA repair goes hand in hand with a transient cell cycle arrest, which allows cells to repair the DNA lesions before engaging in a mitotic event, but consequently also affects plant growth and yield. Through the identification of DDR proteins and cell cycle regulators that react to DNA double-strand breaks or replication defects, it has become clear that these proteins and regulators form highly interconnected networks. These networks operate at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and include liquid-liquid phase separation and epigenetic mechanisms. Strikingly, whereas the upstream DDR sensors and signalling components are well conserved across eukaryotes, some of the more downstream effectors are diverged in plants, probably to suit unique lifestyle features. Additionally, DDR components display functional diversity across ancient plant species, dicots and monocots. The observed resistance of DDR mutants towards aluminium toxicity, phosphate limitation and seed ageing indicates that gaining knowledge about the plant DDR may offer solutions to combat the effects of climate change and the associated risk for food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Herbst
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
| | - Qian-Qian Li
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Veylder
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Doddavarapu B, Lata C, Shah JM. Epigenetic regulation influenced by soil microbiota and nutrients: Paving road to epigenome editing in plants. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130580. [PMID: 38325761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Soil is a complex ecosystem that houses microbes and nutrients that are necessary for plant development. Edaphic properties of the soil and environmental conditions influence microbial growth and nutrient accessibility. Various environmental stimuli largely affect the soil microbes and ionic balance, in turn influencing plants. Soil microflora helps decompose organic matter and is involved in mineral uptake. The combination of soil microbes and mineral nutrients notably affects plant growth. Recent advancements have enabled a deeper understanding of plant genetic/molecular regulators. Deficiencies/sufficiencies of soil minerals and microbes also alter plant gene regulation. Gene regulation mediated by epigenetic mechanisms comprises conformational alterations in chromatin structure, DNA/histone modifications, or involvement of small RNAs. Epigenetic regulation is unique due to its potential to inherit without involving alteration of the DNA sequence. Thus, the compilation study of heritable epigenetic changes driven by nutrient imbalances and soil microbes would facilitate understanding this molecular phenomenon in plants. This information can aid in epigenome editing, which has recently emerged as a promising technology for plant non-transgenic/non-mutagenic modification. Potential epigenetic marks induced by biotic and abiotic stresses in plants could be explored as target sites for epigenome editing. This review discusses novel ways of epigenome editing to create epigenome edited plants with desirable and heritable phenotypes. As plants are sessile and in constant exposure to the soil microbiome and nutrients, epigenetic changes induced by these factors could provide more effective, stable and a sustainable molecular solution for crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Doddavarapu
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Kerala, Kerala, India
| | - Charu Lata
- Inclusive Health & Traditional Knowledge Studies Division, CSIR- National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jasmine M Shah
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Kerala, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ito N, Sakamoto T, Oko Y, Sato H, Hanamata S, Sakamoto Y, Matsunaga S. Nuclear pore complex proteins are involved in centromere distribution. iScience 2024; 27:108855. [PMID: 38318384 PMCID: PMC10839643 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The subnuclear distribution of centromeres is cooperatively regulated by condensin II and the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. However, other nuclear membrane structures and nuclear proteins are probably involved in centromere dynamics and distribution. Here, we focused on the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which is known to regulate gene expression, transcription memory, and chromatin structure in addition to transport between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. We report here that some nucleoporins (Nups), including Nup85, Nup133, CG1, Nup93b, and NUA, are involved in centromere scattering in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, the centromere dynamics after metaphase in nup mutants were found to be similar to that of the condensin II mutant. Furthermore, both biochemical and genetic approaches showed that the Nups interact with the LINC complex. These results suggest that Nups regulate centromere scattering cooperatively with condensin II and the LINC complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Ito
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuka Oko
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sato
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hanamata
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu L, Luo Y, Ding G, Wang C, Cai H, Shi L, Xu F, Bao X, Wang S. Identification and function characterization of BnaBOR4 genes reveal their potential for Brassica napus cultivation under high boron stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:116011. [PMID: 38266356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Boron (B) is essential for plant growth, but toxic in excess. In several countries, soil toxic B levels are always a severe agricultural problem in arid and semi-arid regions. Phytoremediation of excess B containing soil is still in its infancy, while high B tolerant plants with elevated protein abundance of B efflux transporter were successfully established or explored. Brassica napus (B. napus) is one of the most important oil crops. However, B efflux transporters underlying excess B tolerance in B. napus remain unknown. Here, we reported that in Brassicaceae species, B. napus had four homologous genes of Arabidopsis AtBOR4 , which were renamed BnaBOR4.1, BnaBOR4.2, BnaBOR4.3 and BnaBOR4.4. BnaBOR4.1, BnaBOR4.2 and BnaBOR4.3 showed constitutive expression and BnaBOR4.4 appeared to be a pseudogene. BnaBOR4.2 and BnaBOR4.3 were expressed in inner cell layers and BnaBOR4.1 in the outer cell layer in root tip, and all were expressed in vascular tissue in the mature zone. B efflux activity assays in yeast demonstrated that BnaBOR4.1, BnaBOR4.2 and AtBOR4 but not BnaBOR4.3 had comparable levels of B transport activity. Structure-functional analysis between BnaBOR4.3 and BnaBOR4.2 demonstrated that amino acid residue substitution at position 297 (Ala vs Pro) and 427 (Met vs Leu) is critical for the B transport activity. Mutant BnaBOR4.3M427L partially restored the B efflux activity, and both mutants BnaBOR4.3A297P and BnaBOR4.3A297P&M427L fully restored B efflux activity, indicating that the Pro297 residue is critical for their function. Further validation of BnaBOR4 was accomplished by growing transgenic Arabidopsis plants under high B conditions. Taken together, our study identified two functional B efflux genes BnaBOR4.1 and BnaBOR4.2 in B. napus, and a key amino acid residue proline 297 associated with B efflux activity. This study highlights the potential of BanBOR4 genes for B. napus cultivation under high B stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guangda Ding
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongmei Cai
- Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiulan Bao
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Sheliang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pereira GL, Nascimento VL, Omena-Garcia RP, Souza BCOQ, Gonçalves JFDC, Ribeiro DM, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Physiological and metabolic changes in response to Boron levels are mediated by ethylene affecting tomato fruit yield. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107994. [PMID: 37660605 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential nutrient for the plant, and its stress (both deficiency and toxicity) are major problems that affect crop production. Ethylene metabolism (both signaling and production) is important to plants' differently responding to nutrient availability. To better understand the connections between B and ethylene, here we investigate the function of ethylene in the responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants to B stress (deficiency, 0 μM and toxicity, 640 μM), using ethylene related mutants, namely nonripening (nor), ripening-inhibitor (rin), never ripe (Nr), and epinastic (Epi). Our results show that B stress does not necessarily inhibit plant growth, but both B stress and ethylene signaling severely affected physiological parameters, such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll a fluorescence. Under B toxicity, visible symptoms of toxicity appeared in the roots and margins of the older leaves through necrosis, caused by the accumulation of B which stimulated ethylene biosynthesis in the shoots. Both nor and rin (ethylene signaling) mutants presented similar responses, being these genotypes more sensitive and displaying several morphophysiological alterations, including fruit productivity reductions, in response to the B toxicity conditions. Therefore, our results suggest that physiological and metabolic changes in response to B fluctuations are likely mediated by ethylene signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greice Leal Pereira
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Nascimento
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal - Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Patrícia Omena-Garcia
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Costa O Q Souza
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal - Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Francisco de Carvalho Gonçalves
- National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus-AM, Brazil
| | - Dimas Mendes Ribeiro
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sotta N, Sakamoto T, Kamiya T, Tabata R, Yamaguchi K, Shigenobu S, Yamada M, Hasebe M, Sawa S, Fujiwara T. NAC103 mutation alleviates DNA damage in an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant sensitive to excess boron. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1099816. [PMID: 37063182 PMCID: PMC10090426 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1099816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Excess boron (B) is toxic to plants and thereby causes DNA damage and cell death in root meristems. However, the underlying mechanisms which link boron and DNA damage remain unclear. It has been reported that the rpt5a-6 mutant of the 26S proteasome is sensitive to excess boron, resulting in more frequent cell death in root meristem and reduced root elongation. In this study, we showed that a reduction in root growth in the rpt5a mutant in the presence of high boron levels is repressed by a mutation in NAC domain containing transcription factor NAC103, a substrate of the proteasome, which functions in the unfolded protein response pathway. The mutation in NAC103 alleviated excess-B-induced DNA damage and cell death in root meristems of the rpt5a mutant. Superoxide ( O 2 - ) staining with nitroblue tetrazolium revealed that boron stress causes O 2 - accumulation in root tips, which was higher in the rpt5a-6 mutant, whereas the accumulation was lower in the rpt5a-6 nac103-3 double mutant. Our work demonstrates the overall involvement of NAC103 in maintaining healthy root meristem under excess boron conditions in the absence of RPT5A proteasome subunit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Sotta
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kamiya
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Tabata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- National Institutes for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- National Institutes for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamada
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mitsuyasu Hasebe
- National Institutes for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- International Research Center for Agricultural & Environmental Biology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duarte GT, Volkova PY, Fiengo Perez F, Horemans N. Chronic Ionizing Radiation of Plants: An Evolutionary Factor from Direct Damage to Non-Target Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1178. [PMID: 36904038 PMCID: PMC10005729 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In present times, the levels of ionizing radiation (IR) on the surface of Earth are relatively low, posing no high challenges for the survival of contemporary life forms. IR derives from natural sources and naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), the nuclear industry, medical applications, and as a result of radiation disasters or nuclear tests. In the current review, we discuss modern sources of radioactivity, its direct and indirect effects on different plant species, and the scope of the radiation protection of plants. We present an overview of the molecular mechanisms of radiation responses in plants, which leads to a tempting conjecture of the evolutionary role of IR as a limiting factor for land colonization and plant diversification rates. The hypothesis-driven analysis of available plant genomic data suggests an overall DNA repair gene families' depletion in land plants compared to ancestral groups, which overlaps with a decrease in levels of radiation exposure on the surface of Earth millions of years ago. The potential contribution of chronic IR as an evolutionary factor in combination with other environmental factors is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nele Horemans
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre—SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gui JY, Rao S, Huang X, Liu X, Cheng S, Xu F. Interaction between selenium and essential micronutrient elements in plants: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158673. [PMID: 36096215 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient imbalance (i.e., deficiency and toxicity) of microelements is an outstanding environmental issue that influences each aspect of ecosystems. Although the crucial roles of microelements in entire lifecycle of plants have been widely acknowledged, the effective control of microelements is still neglected due to the narrow safe margins. Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans and animals. Although it is not believed to be indispensable for plants, many literatures have reported the significance of Se in terms of the uptake, accumulation, and detoxification of essential microelements in plants. However, most papers only concerned on the antagonistic effect of Se on metal elements in plants and ignored the underlying mechanisms. There is still a lack of systematic review articles to summarize the comprehensive knowledge on the connections between Se and microelements in plants. In this review, we conclude the bidirectional effects of Se on micronutrients in plants, including iron, zinc, copper, manganese, nickel, molybdenum, sodium, chlorine, and boron. The regulatory mechanisms of Se on these micronutrients are also analyzed. Moreover, we further emphasize the role of Se in alleviating element toxicity and adjusting the concentration of micronutrients in plants by altering the soil conditions (e.g., adsorption, pH, and organic matter), promoting microbial activity, participating in vital physiological and metabolic processes, generating element competition, stimulating metal chelation, organelle compartmentalization, and sequestration, improving the antioxidant defense system, and controlling related genes involved in transportation and tolerance. Based on the current understanding of the interaction between Se and these essential elements, future directions for research are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Gui
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Shen Rao
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xinru Huang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cao L, Li C, Li H, Wang Z, Jiang Y, Guo Y, Sun P, Chen X, Li Q, Tian H, Li Z, Yuan L, Shen J. Disruption of REC8 in Meiosis I led to watermelon seedless. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 323:111394. [PMID: 35905897 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In triploid watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), the homologous chromosomes of germ cells are disorder during meiosis, resulting in the failure of seeds formation and producing seedless fruit. Therefore, mutating the genes specifically functioning in meiosis may be an alternative way to achieve seedless watermelon. REC8, as a key component of the cohesin complex in meiosis, is dramatically essential for sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome segregation. However, the role of REC8 in meiosis has not yet been characterized in watermelon. Here, we identified ClREC8 as a member of RAD21/REC8 family with a high expression in male and female flowers of watermelon. In situ hybridization analysis showed that ClREC8 was highly expressed at the early stage of meiosis during pollen formation. Knocking out ClREC8 in watermelon led to decline of pollen vitality. After pollinating with foreign normal pollen, the ovaries of ClREC8 knockout lines could inflate normally but failed to form seeds. We further compared the meiosis chromosomes of pollen mother cells in different stages between the knockout lines and the corresponding wild type. The results indicated that ClREC8 was required for the monopolar orientation of the sister kinetochores in Meiosis I. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis between WT and the knockout lines revealed that the disruption of ClREC8 caused the expression levels of mitosis-related genes and meiosis-related genes to decrease. Our results demonstrated ClREC8 has a specific role in Meiosis I of watermelon germ cells, and loss-of-function of the ClREC8 led to seedless fruit, which may provide an alternative strategy to breed cultivars with seedless watermelon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Chuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Hewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yanxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yalu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Piaoyun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qingqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Haoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Junjun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yoshida MM, Kinoshita K, Aizawa Y, Tane S, Yamashita D, Shintomi K, Hirano T. Molecular dissection of condensin II-mediated chromosome assembly using in vitro assays. eLife 2022; 11:78984. [PMID: 35983835 PMCID: PMC9433093 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, condensin I and condensin II cooperate to assemble rod-shaped chromosomes during mitosis. Although the mechanism of action and regulation of condensin I have been studied extensively, our corresponding knowledge of condensin II remains very limited. By introducing recombinant condensin II complexes into Xenopus egg extracts, we dissect the roles of its individual subunits in chromosome assembly. We find that one of two HEAT subunits, CAP-D3, plays a crucial role in condensin II-mediated assembly of chromosome axes, whereas the other HEAT subunit, CAP-G2, has a very strong negative impact on this process. The structural maintenance of chromosomes ATPase and the basic amino acid clusters of the kleisin subunit CAP-H2 are essential for this process. Deletion of the C-terminal tail of CAP-D3 increases the ability of condensin II to assemble chromosomes and further exposes a hidden function of CAP-G2 in the lateral compaction of chromosomes. Taken together, our results uncover a multilayered regulatory mechanism unique to condensin II, and provide profound implications for the evolution of condensin II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuuki Aizawa
- Chromosome Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Shoji Tane
- Chromosome Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sakamoto T, Sakamoto Y, Grob S, Slane D, Yamashita T, Ito N, Oko Y, Sugiyama T, Higaki T, Hasezawa S, Tanaka M, Matsui A, Seki M, Suzuki T, Grossniklaus U, Matsunaga S. Two-step regulation of centromere distribution by condensin II and the nuclear envelope proteins. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:940-953. [PMID: 35915144 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The arrangement of centromeres within the nucleus differs among species and cell types. However, neither the mechanisms determining centromere distribution nor its biological significance are currently well understood. In this study, we demonstrate the importance of centromere distribution for the maintenance of genome integrity through the cytogenic and molecular analysis of mutants defective in centromere distribution. We propose a two-step regulatory mechanism that shapes the non-Rabl-like centromere distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana through condensin II and the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. Condensin II is enriched at centromeres and, in cooperation with the LINC complex, induces the scattering of centromeres around the nuclear periphery during late anaphase/telophase. After entering interphase, the positions of the scattered centromeres are then stabilized by nuclear lamina proteins of the CROWDED NUCLEI (CRWN) family. We also found that, despite their strong impact on centromere distribution, condensin II and CRWN proteins have little effect on chromatin organization involved in the control of gene expression, indicating a robustness of chromatin organization regardless of the type of centromere distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Stefan Grob
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Slane
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yamashita
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Nanami Ito
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yuka Oko
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sugiyama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Takumi Higaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Hasezawa
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maho Tanaka
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsui
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Plant Genomic Network Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Ueli Grossniklaus
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang W, Zhang Q, Xing Y, Cao Q, Qin L, Fang K. Effect of boron toxicity on pollen tube cell wall architecture and the relationship of cell wall components of Castanea mollissima Blume. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:946781. [PMID: 35958218 PMCID: PMC9361862 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is essential to plant development. However, excessive B is toxic to plants. This research was performed to evaluate the effects of B toxicity on cell wall architecture of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) pollen tubes with emphasis on the relationship among pectins, cellulose, and callose. Results showed that 0.8 mM H3BO3 inhibited pollen germination and led to abnormal morphology of the pollen tubes. B toxicity also affected the distribution of cell wall components of the pollen tube. In control pollen tube, esterified and acid pectins were distributed unevenly, with the former mainly at the tip and the latter on the distal region. Cellulose was distributed uniformly on the surface with less at the tip; callose reduced gradually from base to sub-tip of the pollen tubes and no callose at the tip of the tube was detected. B toxicity led to the deposition of esterified and acid pectins, cellulose, and callose at the tip of the pollen tube. Results from scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that B toxicity also altered pollen tube wall ultrastructure. The results from enzymatic treatment illustrated that there existed a close relationship among pectins, cellulose, and callose. B toxicity also altered the relationship. In a word, B toxicity altered deposition and relationship of pectins, cellulose, and callose of pollen tube wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Beijing Bei Nong Enterprise Management Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqin Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Kefeng Fang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Proteomic Response of Aedes aegypti Larvae to Silver/Silver Chloride Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Metabolites. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13070641. [PMID: 35886817 PMCID: PMC9323952 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Aedes aegypti is a vector of important mosquito-borne diseases. Green synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to control the larvae of mosquitoes including A. aegypti. However, the molecular responses of A. aegypti larvae to green synthesized NPs remain unexplored. This work analyzed protein expression in A. aegypti larvae in response to treatment using green synthesized silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl NPs) based on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Fifteen differentially expressed protein spots were selected for identification using mass spectrometry. The results showed that the six upregulated proteins in A. aegypti larvae responsible for green synthesized Ag/AgCl NP treatment were involved in mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA and protein damage, inhibition of cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis, implying the modes of actions of Ag/AgCl NPs. This finding has provided greater insight into the possible mechanisms of green synthesized Ag/AgCl NPs on the control of A. aegypti larvae. Abstract Silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl NPs) are an alternative approach to control the larvae of Aedes aegypti, a vector of mosquito-borne diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of Ag/AgCl NPs to A. aegypti have not been reported. In this work, Ag/AgCl NPs were synthesized using supernatant, mixed toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti), and heterologously expressed Cry4Aa and Cry4Ba toxins. The images from scanning electron microscopy revealed that the Ag/AgCl NPs were spherical in shape with a size range of 25–100 nm. The larvicidal activity against A. aegypti larvae revealed that the Ag/AgCl NPs synthesized using the supernatant of Bti exhibited higher toxicity (LC50 = 0.133 μg/mL) than the Ag/AgCl NPs synthesized using insecticidal proteins (LC50 = 0.148–0.217 μg/mL). The proteomic response to Ag/AgCl NPs synthesized using the supernatant of Bti in A. aegypti larvae was compared to the ddH2O-treated control. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis revealed 110 differentially expressed proteins, of which 15 were selected for identification using mass spectrometry. Six upregulated proteins (myosin I heavy chain, heat shock protein 70, the F0F1-type ATP synthase beta subunit, methyltransferase, protein kinase, and condensin complex subunit 3) that responded to Ag/AgCl NP treatment in A. aegypti were reported for NP treatments in different organisms. These results suggested that possible mechanisms of action of Ag/AgCl NPs on A. aegypti larvae are: mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA and protein damage, inhibition of cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis. The findings from this work provide greater insight into the action of green synthesized Ag/AgCl NPs on the control of A. aegypti larvae.
Collapse
|
16
|
Lv Q, Han S, Wang L, Xia J, Li P, Hu R, Wang J, Gao L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Du J, Bao F, Hu Y, Xu X, Xiao W, He Y. TEB/POLQ plays dual roles in protecting Arabidopsis from NO-induced DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:6820-6836. [PMID: 35736216 PMCID: PMC9262624 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key player in numerous physiological processes. Excessive NO induces DNA damage, but how plants respond to this damage remains unclear. We screened and identified an Arabidopsis NO hypersensitive mutant and found it to be allelic to TEBICHI/POLQ, encoding DNA polymerase θ. The teb mutant plants were preferentially sensitive to NO- and its derivative peroxynitrite-induced DNA damage and subsequent double-strand breaks (DSBs). Inactivation of TEB caused the accumulation of spontaneous DSBs largely attributed to endogenous NO and was synergistic to DSB repair pathway mutations with respect to growth. These effects were manifested in the presence of NO-inducing agents and relieved by NO scavengers. NO induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in the teb mutant, indicative of stalled replication forks. Genetic analyses indicate that Polθ is required for translesion DNA synthesis across NO-induced lesions, but not oxidation-induced lesions. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that Polθ bypasses NO-induced base adducts in an error-free manner and generates mutations characteristic of Polθ-mediated end joining. Our experimental data collectively suggests that Polθ plays dual roles in protecting plants from NO-induced DNA damage. Since Polθ is conserved in higher eukaryotes, mammalian Polθ may also be required for balancing NO physiological signaling and genotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shuang Han
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Jinchan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ruoyang Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jinzheng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuli Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Du
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Fang Bao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yong Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Yikun He
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Loss, Gain, and Retention: Mechanisms Driving Late Prophase I Chromosome Remodeling for Accurate Meiotic Chromosome Segregation. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030546. [PMID: 35328099 PMCID: PMC8949218 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To generate gametes, sexually reproducing organisms need to achieve a reduction in ploidy, via meiosis. Several mechanisms are set in place to ensure proper reductional chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division (MI), including chromosome remodeling during late prophase I. Chromosome remodeling after crossover formation involves changes in chromosome condensation and restructuring, resulting in a compact bivalent, with sister kinetochores oriented to opposite poles, whose structure is crucial for localized loss of cohesion and accurate chromosome segregation. Here, we review the general processes involved in late prophase I chromosome remodeling, their regulation, and the strategies devised by different organisms to produce bivalents with configurations that promote accurate segregation.
Collapse
|
18
|
Pedroza-Garcia JA, Xiang Y, De Veylder L. Cell cycle checkpoint control in response to DNA damage by environmental stresses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:490-507. [PMID: 34741364 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Being sessile organisms, plants are ubiquitously exposed to stresses that can affect the DNA replication process or cause DNA damage. To cope with these problems, plants utilize DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, consisting of both highly conserved and plant-specific elements. As a part of this DDR, cell cycle checkpoint control mechanisms either pause the cell cycle, to allow DNA repair, or lead cells into differentiation or programmed cell death, to prevent the transmission of DNA errors in the organism through mitosis or to its offspring via meiosis. The two major DDR cell cycle checkpoints control either the replication process or the G2/M transition. The latter is largely overseen by the plant-specific SOG1 transcription factor, which drives the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and MYB3R proteins, which are rate limiting for the G2/M transition. By contrast, the replication checkpoint is controlled by different players, including the conserved kinase WEE1 and likely the transcriptional repressor RBR1. These checkpoint mechanisms are called upon during developmental processes, in retrograde signaling pathways, and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, including metal toxicity, cold, salinity, and phosphate deficiency. Additionally, the recent expansion of research from Arabidopsis to other model plants has revealed species-specific aspects of the DDR. Overall, it is becoming evidently clear that the DNA damage checkpoint mechanisms represent an important aspect of the adaptation of plants to a changing environment, hence gaining more knowledge about this topic might be helpful to increase the resilience of plants to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Pedroza-Garcia
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Yanli Xiang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Veylder
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lee G, Ahmadi H, Quintana J, Syllwasschy L, Janina N, Preite V, Anderson JE, Pietzenuk B, Krämer U. Constitutively enhanced genome integrity maintenance and direct stress mitigation characterize transcriptome of extreme stress-adapted Arabidopsis halleri. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:896-911. [PMID: 34669984 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal-rich toxic soils and ordinary soils are both natural habitats of Arabidopsis halleri, a diploid perennial and obligate outcrosser in the sister clade of the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The molecular divergence underlying survival in sharply contrasting environments is unknown. Here we comparatively address metal physiology and transcriptomes of A. halleri originating from the most highly heavy metal-contaminated soil in Europe, Ponte Nossa, Italy (Noss), and from non-metalliferous (NM) soils. Plants from Noss exhibit enhanced hypertolerance and attenuated accumulation of cadmium (Cd), and their transcriptomic Cd responsiveness is decreased, compared to plants of NM soil origin. Among the condition-independent transcriptome characteristics of Noss, the most highly overrepresented functional class of 'meiotic cell cycle' comprises 21 transcripts with elevated abundance in vegetative tissues, in particular Argonaute 9 (AGO9) and the synaptonemal complex transverse filament protein-encoding ZYP1a/b. Increased AGO9 transcript levels in Noss are accompanied by decreased long terminal repeat retrotransposon expression. Similar to Noss, plants from other highly metalliferous sites in Poland and Germany share elevated somatic AGO9 transcript levels in comparison to plants originating from NM soils in their respective geographic regions. Transcript levels of Iron-Regulated Transporter 1 (IRT1) are very low and transcript levels of Heavy Metal ATPase 2 (HMA2) are strongly elevated in Noss, which can account for its altered Cd handling. We conclude that in plants adapted to the most extreme abiotic stress, broadly enhanced functions comprise genes with likely roles in somatic genome integrity maintenance, accompanied by few alterations in stress-specific functional networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwonjin Lee
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hassan Ahmadi
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Quintana
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lara Syllwasschy
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nadežda Janina
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Veronica Preite
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Justin E Anderson
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Pietzenuk
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ute Krämer
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Khan MK, Pandey A, Hamurcu M, Avsaroglu ZZ, Ozbek M, Omay AH, Elbasan F, Omay MR, Gokmen F, Topal A, Gezgin S. Variability in Physiological Traits Reveals Boron Toxicity Tolerance in Aegilops Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:736614. [PMID: 34777419 PMCID: PMC8585849 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.736614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an important micronutrient required for the normal growth and development of plants. However, its excess in the soil causes severe damage to plant tissues, which affects the final yield. Wheat, one of the main staple crops, has been reported to be largely affected by B toxicity stress in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. The prevalence of B toxicity stress can be addressed by utilizing wild wheat genotypes with a variant level of stress tolerance. Wild wheat relatives have been identified as a prominent source of several abiotic stress-tolerant genes. However, Aegilops species in the tertiary gene pool of wheat have not been well exploited as a source of B toxicity tolerance. This study explores the root and shoot growth, proline induction, and extent of lipid peroxidation in 19 Aegilops accessions comprising 6 different species and the B-tolerant check wheat cultivar Bolal 2973 grown under Control (3.1 μM B), toxic (1 mM B), and highly toxic (10 mM B) B stress treatment. B toxicity stress had a more decisive impact on growth parameters as compared to the malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content. The obtained results suggested that even the genotypes with high shoot B (SB) accumulation can be tolerant to B toxicity stress, and the mechanism of B redistribution in leaves should be studied in detail. It has been proposed that the studied Aegilops accessions can be potentially used for genetically improving the B toxicity-tolerance trait due to a high level of variation in the response toward high B toxicity. Though a number of accessions showed suppression in the root and shoot growth, very few accessions with stress adaptive plasticity to B toxicity stress leading to an improvement of shoot growth parameters could be determined. The two accessions, Aegilops biuncialis accession TGB 026219 and Aegilops columnaris accession TGB 000107, were identified as the potential genotypes with B toxicity stress tolerance and can be utilized for developing a pre-breeding material in B tolerance-based breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd. Kamran Khan
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Anamika Pandey
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hamurcu
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Zeynep Avsaroglu
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Merve Ozbek
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayse Humeyra Omay
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fevzi Elbasan
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Makbule Rumeysa Omay
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Gokmen
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Topal
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sait Gezgin
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Takatsuka H, Shibata A, Umeda M. Genome Maintenance Mechanisms at the Chromatin Level. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910384. [PMID: 34638727 PMCID: PMC8508675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome integrity is constantly threatened by internal and external stressors, in both animals and plants. As plants are sessile, a variety of environment stressors can damage their DNA. In the nucleus, DNA twines around histone proteins to form the higher-order structure “chromatin”. Unraveling how chromatin transforms on sensing genotoxic stress is, thus, key to understanding plant strategies to cope with fluctuating environments. In recent years, accumulating evidence in plant research has suggested that chromatin plays a crucial role in protecting DNA from genotoxic stress in three ways: (1) changes in chromatin modifications around damaged sites enhance DNA repair by providing a scaffold and/or easy access to DNA repair machinery; (2) DNA damage triggers genome-wide alterations in chromatin modifications, globally modulating gene expression required for DNA damage response, such as stem cell death, cell-cycle arrest, and an early onset of endoreplication; and (3) condensed chromatin functions as a physical barrier against genotoxic stressors to protect DNA. In this review, we highlight the chromatin-level control of genome stability and compare the regulatory systems in plants and animals to find out unique mechanisms maintaining genome integrity under genotoxic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotomo Takatsuka
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Shibata
- Signal Transduction Program, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), 3-39-22, Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan;
| | - Masaaki Umeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Onuh AF, Miwa K. Regulation, Diversity and Evolution of Boron Transporters in Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:590-599. [PMID: 33570563 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential trace element in plants, and borate cross-linking of pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) in cell walls is required for normal cell growth. High concentrations of B are toxic to cells. Therefore, plants need to control B transport to respond to B conditions in the environment. Over the past two decades, genetic analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed that B transport is governed by two types of membrane transport molecules: NIPs (nodulin-26-like intrinsic proteins), which facilitate boric acid permeation, and BORs, which export borate from cells. In this article, we review recent findings on the (i) regulation at the cell level, (ii) diversity among plant species and (iii) evolution of these B transporters in plants. We first describe the systems regulating these B transporters at the cell level, focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying the polar localization of proteins and B-dependent expression, as well as their physiological significance in A. thaliana. Then, we examine the presence of homologous genes and characterize the functions of NIPs and BORs in B homeostasis, in a wide range of plant species, including Brassica napus, Oryza sativa and Zea mays. Finally, we discuss the evolutionary aspects of NIPs and BORs as B transporters, and the possible relationship between the diversification of B transport and the occurrence of RG-II in plants. This review considers the sophisticated systems of B transport that are conserved among various plant species, which were established to meet mineral nutrient requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amarachukwu Faith Onuh
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, North-10, West-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kyoko Miwa
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, North-10, West-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Feng Y, Cui R, Huang Y, Shi L, Wang S, Xu F. Repression of transcription factor AtWRKY47 confers tolerance to boron toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112406. [PMID: 34119927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) excess gives rise to a serious agricultural problem. In this study, we identified a B toxicity responsive transcription factor AtWRKY47 in Arabidopsis thaliana. The T-DNA insertion mutants Atwrky47 showed enhanced tolerance to B toxicity with better growth parameters under high B conditions compared to wild-type Col-0 plants. Quantitative analysis of AtWRKY47 mRNA abundance indicated that it was down-regulated under B toxicity conditions. Fluorescently labeled AtWRKY47 protein was localized in nucleus. In contrast to the phenotype of Atwrky47 mutants, overexpression of AtWRKY47 in Col-0 background resulted in lower biomass, less chlorophyll content, and increased sensitivity to B toxicity. More importantly, the B concentration in shoots was higher in the overexpression lines and lower in the Atwrky47 mutants than in Col-0 plants, respectively. These results demonstrate that AtWRKY47 gene plays a key role in regulating plant tolerance to B toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingna Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, and Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Rui Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, and Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yupu Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, and Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, and Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Sheliang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, and Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, and Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shimotohno A, Aki SS, Takahashi N, Umeda M. Regulation of the Plant Cell Cycle in Response to Hormones and the Environment. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 72:273-296. [PMID: 33689401 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-080720-103739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developmental and environmental signals converge on cell cycle machinery to achieve proper and flexible organogenesis under changing environments. Studies on the plant cell cycle began 30 years ago, and accumulated research has revealed many links between internal and external factors and the cell cycle. In this review, we focus on how phytohormones and environmental signals regulate the cell cycle to enable plants to cope with a fluctuating environment. After introducing key cell cycle regulators, we first discuss how phytohormones and their synergy are important for regulating cell cycle progression and how environmental factors positively and negatively affect cell division. We then focus on the well-studied example of stress-induced G2 arrest and view the current model from an evolutionary perspective. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms controlling the transition from the mitotic cycle to the endocycle, which greatly contributes to cell enlargement and resultant organ growth in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akie Shimotohno
- Department of Biological Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Current affiliation: Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
| | - Shiori S Aki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan; , ,
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan; , ,
| | - Masaaki Umeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan; , ,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Takahashi N, Inagaki S, Nishimura K, Sakakibara H, Antoniadi I, Karady M, Ljung K, Umeda M. Alterations in hormonal signals spatially coordinate distinct responses to DNA double-strand breaks in Arabidopsis roots. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/25/eabg0993. [PMID: 34134976 PMCID: PMC8208723 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg0993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants have a high ability to cope with changing environments and grow continuously throughout life. However, the mechanisms by which plants strike a balance between stress response and organ growth remain elusive. Here, we found that DNA double-strand breaks enhance the accumulation of cytokinin hormones through the DNA damage signaling pathway in the Arabidopsis root tip. Our data showed that activation of cytokinin signaling suppresses the expression of some of the PIN-FORMED genes that encode efflux carriers of another hormone, auxin, thereby decreasing the auxin signals in the root tip and causing cell cycle arrest at G2 phase and stem cell death. Elevated cytokinin signaling also promotes an early transition from cell division to endoreplication in the basal part of the root apex. We propose that plant hormones spatially coordinate differential DNA damage responses, thereby maintaining genome integrity and minimizing cell death to ensure continuous root growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Soichi Inagaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishimura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- Plant Productivity Systems Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Suehiro 1-7-22, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ioanna Antoniadi
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michal Karady
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Ljung
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Masaaki Umeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang G, DiTusa SF, Oh DH, Herrmann AD, Mendoza-Cozatl DG, O'Neill MA, Smith AP, Dassanayake M. Cross species multi-omics reveals cell wall sequestration and elevated global transcript abundance as mechanisms of boron tolerance in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1985-2000. [PMID: 33629348 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Boron toxicity is a world-wide problem for crops, yet we have a limited understanding of the genetic responses and adaptive mechanisms to this stress in plants. We employed a cross-species comparison between boron stress-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana and its boron stress-tolerant extremophyte relative Schrenkiella parvula, and a multi-omics approach integrating genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and ionomics to assess plant responses and adaptations to boron stress. Schrenkiella parvula maintains lower concentrations of total boron and free boric acid than Arabidopsis when grown with excess boron. Schrenkiella parvula excludes excess boron more efficiently than Arabidopsis, which we propose is partly driven by SpBOR5, a boron transporter that we functionally characterize in this study. Both species use cell walls as a partial sink for excess boron. When accumulated in the cytoplasm, excess boron appears to interrupt RNA metabolism. The extremophyte S. parvula facilitates critical cellular processes while maintaining the pool of ribose-containing compounds that can bind with boric acid. The S. parvula transcriptome is pre-adapted to boron toxicity. It exhibits substantial overlaps with the Arabidopsis boron-stress responsive transcriptome. Cell wall sequestration and increases in global transcript levels under excess boron conditions emerge as key mechanisms for sustaining plant growth under boron toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Sandra Feuer DiTusa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Dong-Ha Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Achim D Herrmann
- Department of Geology & Geophysics and Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - David G Mendoza-Cozatl
- Division of Plant Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Malcolm A O'Neill
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Aaron P Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Maheshi Dassanayake
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sharma SS, Kumar V, Dietz KJ. Emerging Trends in Metalloid-Dependent Signaling in Plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:452-471. [PMID: 33257259 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metalloids are semiconducting elements that constitute a small group in the periodic table of elements. Their occurrence in nature either poses an environmental threat or benefit to plants. The precise mechanisms or manner of crosstalk of metalloid interference and sensing remain open questions. Standard plant nutrient solutions contain the metalloid boron (B) as a micronutrient, while silicon (Si) is considered a beneficial element routinely supplied only to some plants such as grasses. By contrast, arsenic (As) is a severe environmental hazard to most organisms, including plants, while the less abundant metalloids germanium (Ge), antimony (Sb), and tellurium (Te) display variable degrees of toxicity. Here we review the molecular events and mechanisms that could explain the contrasting (or overlapping) action of metalloids on the cell and cell signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanti S Sharma
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Sikkim University, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Municio C, Antosz W, Grasser KD, Kornobis E, Van Bel M, Eguinoa I, Coppens F, Bräutigam A, Lermontova I, Bruckmann A, Zelkowska K, Houben A, Schubert V. The Arabidopsis condensin CAP-D subunits arrange interphase chromatin. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:972-987. [PMID: 33475158 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Condensins are best known for their role in shaping chromosomes. Other functions such as organizing interphase chromatin and transcriptional control have been reported in yeasts and animals, but little is known about their function in plants. To elucidate the specific composition of condensin complexes and the expression of CAP-D2 (condensin I) and CAP-D3 (condensin II), we performed biochemical analyses in Arabidopsis. The role of CAP-D3 in interphase chromatin organization and function was evaluated using cytogenetic and transcriptome analysis in cap-d3 T-DNA insertion mutants. CAP-D2 and CAP-D3 are highly expressed in mitotically active tissues. In silico and pull-down experiments indicate that both CAP-D proteins interact with the other condensin I and II subunits. In cap-d3 mutants, an association of heterochromatic sequences occurs, but the nuclear size and the general histone and DNA methylation patterns remain unchanged. Also, CAP-D3 influences the expression of genes affecting the response to water, chemicals, and stress. The expression and composition of the condensin complexes in Arabidopsis are similar to those in other higher eukaryotes. We propose a model for the CAP-D3 function during interphase in which CAP-D3 localizes in euchromatin loops to stiffen them and consequently separates centromeric regions and 45S rDNA repeats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celia Municio
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Wojciech Antosz
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemistry Center, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klaus D Grasser
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemistry Center, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Etienne Kornobis
- Plate-forme Technologique Biomics - Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (C2RT), Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
- Hub de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique -Département Biologie Computationnelle, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Ignacio Eguinoa
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Frederik Coppens
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Andrea Bräutigam
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Inna Lermontova
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC, Masaryk University, Brno, CZ-62500, Czech Republic
| | - Astrid Bruckmann
- Department for Biochemistry I, Biochemistry Center, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Zelkowska
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Andreas Houben
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Veit Schubert
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Corrensstraße 3, D-06466, Seeland, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bolaños-Villegas P. The Role of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Complexes in Meiosis and Genome Maintenance: Translating Biomedical and Model Plant Research Into Crop Breeding Opportunities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:659558. [PMID: 33868354 PMCID: PMC8044525 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.659558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cohesin is a multi-unit protein complex from the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family, required for holding sister chromatids together during mitosis and meiosis. In yeast, the cohesin complex entraps sister DNAs within tripartite rings created by pairwise interactions between the central ring units SMC1 and SMC3 and subunits such as the α-kleisin SCC1 (REC8/SYN1 in meiosis). The complex is an indispensable regulator of meiotic recombination in eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis and maize, the SMC1/SMC3 heterodimer is a key determinant of meiosis. In Arabidopsis, several kleisin proteins are also essential: SYN1/REC8 is meiosis-specific and is essential for double-strand break repair, whereas AtSCC2 is a subunit of the cohesin SCC2/SCC4 loading complex that is important for synapsis and segregation. Other important meiotic subunits are the cohesin EXTRA SPINDLE POLES (AESP1) separase, the acetylase ESTABLISHMENT OF COHESION 1/CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION FIDELITY 7 (ECO1/CTF7), the cohesion release factor WINGS APART-LIKE PROTEIN 1 (WAPL) in Arabidopsis (AtWAPL1/AtWAPL2), and the WAPL antagonist AtSWITCH1/DYAD (AtSWI1). Other important complexes are the SMC5/SMC6 complex, which is required for homologous DNA recombination during the S-phase and for proper meiotic synapsis, and the condensin complexes, featuring SMC2/SMC4 that regulate proper clustering of rDNA arrays during interphase. Meiotic recombination is the key to enrich desirable traits in commercial plant breeding. In this review, I highlight critical advances in understanding plant chromatid cohesion in the model plant Arabidopsis and crop plants and suggest how manipulation of crossover formation during meiosis, somatic DNA repair and chromosome folding may facilitate transmission of desirable alleles, tolerance to radiation, and enhanced transcription of alleles that regulate sexual development. I hope that these findings highlight opportunities for crop breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Bolaños-Villegas
- Fabio Baudrit Agricultural Research Station, University of Costa Rica, Alajuela, Costa Rica
- Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pereira GL, Siqueira JA, Batista-Silva W, Cardoso FB, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Boron: More Than an Essential Element for Land Plants? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:610307. [PMID: 33519866 PMCID: PMC7840898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.610307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Although boron (B) is an element that has long been assumed to be an essential plant micronutrient, this assumption has been recently questioned. Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that the players associated with B uptake and translocation by plant roots include a sophisticated set of proteins used to cope with B levels in the soil solution. Here, we summarize compelling evidence supporting the essential role of B in mediating plant developmental programs. Overall, most plant species studied to date have exhibited specific B transporters with tight genetic coordination in response to B levels in the soil. These transporters can uptake B from the soil, which is a highly uncommon occurrence for toxic elements. Moreover, the current tools available to determine B levels cannot precisely determine B translocation dynamics. We posit that B plays a key role in plant metabolic activities. Its importance in the regulation of development of the root and shoot meristem is associated with plant developmental phase transitions, which are crucial processes in the completion of their life cycle. We provide further evidence that plants need to acquire sufficient amounts of B while protecting themselves from its toxic effects. Thus, the development of in vitro and in vivo approaches is required to accurately determine B levels, and subsequently, to define unambiguously the function of B in terrestrial plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wagner L. Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tsednee M, Tanaka M, Kasai K, Fujiwara T. Boron-dependent regulation of translation through AUGUAA sequence in yeast. Yeast 2020; 37:638-646. [PMID: 33289202 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Under high boron (B) conditions, nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein 5;1 (NIP5;1) mRNA, a boric acid channel, is destabilized to avoid excess B entry into roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. In this regulation, the minimum upstream open reading frame (uORF), AUGUAA, in its 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) is essential, and high B enhances ribosome stalling at AUGUAA and leads to suppression of translation and mRNA degradation. This B-dependent AUGUAA-mediated regulation occurs also in animal transient expression and reticulocyte lysate translation systems. Thus, uncovering the ubiquitousness of B-dependent unique regulation is important to reveal the evolution of translational regulation. In the present study, we examined the regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Reporter assay showed that in yeast, carrying ATGTAA in 5'-UTR of NIP5;1 upstream of the reporter gene, the relative reporter activities were reduced significantly under high B conditions compared with control, whereas deletion of ATGTAA abolished such responses. This suggests that AUGUAA mediates B-dependent regulation of translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Moreover, the deletion of ATGTAA resulted in up to 10-fold increase in general reporter activities indicating the suppression effect of AUGUAA on translation of the main ORF. Interestingly, mRNA level of the reporter gene was not affected by B in both yeast cells with and without AUGUAA. This finding reveals that in yeast, unlike the case in plants, mRNA degradation is not associated with AUGUAA regulation. Together, results suggest that B-dependent AUGUAA-mediated translational regulation is common among eukaryotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munkhtsetseg Tsednee
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Kasai
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tombuloglu A, Copoglu H, Aydin-Son Y, Guray NT. In vitro effects of boric acid on human liver hepatoma cell line (HepG2) at the half-maximal inhibitory concentration. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126573. [PMID: 32534377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron is a prominent part of the human diet and one of the essential trace elements for humans. Dietary boron is mostly transformed into boric acid within the body and has been associated with desirable health outcomes. Non-dietary resources of boron, such as boron-based drugs and occupational exposure, might lead to excessive boron levels in the blood and provoke health adversities. The liver might be particularly sensitive to boron intake with ample evidence suggesting a relation between boron and liver function, although the underlying molecular processes remain largely unknown. METHODS In order to better understand boron-related metabolism and molecular mechanisms associated with a cytotoxic level of boric acid, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of boric acid for the hepatoma cell line (HepG2) was determined using the XTT assay. Cellular responses followed by boric acid treatment at this concentration were investigated using genotoxicity assays and microarray hybridizations. Enrichment analyses were carried out to find out over-represented biological processes using the list of differentially expressed genes identified within the gene expression analysis. RESULTS DNA breaks were detected in HepG2 cells treated with 24 mM boric acid, the estimated IC50-level of boric acid. On the other hand, pleiotropic transcriptomic effects, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and apoptosis as well as altered expression of Phase I and Phase II enzymes, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism were discerned in microarray analyses. CONCLUSION HepG2 cells treated with a growth-inhibitory concentration of boric acid for 24 h exhibited a senescence-like transcriptomic profile along with DNA damage. Further studies might help in understanding the concentration-dependent effects and mechanisms of boric acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Tombuloglu
- Middle East Technical University, Graduate School of Informatics, Health Informatics Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hulya Copoglu
- Middle East Technical University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yesim Aydin-Son
- Middle East Technical University, Graduate School of Informatics, Health Informatics Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Tulin Guray
- Middle East Technical University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kakui Y, Barrington C, Barry DJ, Gerguri T, Fu X, Bates PA, Khatri BS, Uhlmann F. Fission yeast condensin contributes to interphase chromatin organization and prevents transcription-coupled DNA damage. Genome Biol 2020; 21:272. [PMID: 33153481 PMCID: PMC7643427 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes are central organizers of chromatin architecture throughout the cell cycle. The SMC family member condensin is best known for establishing long-range chromatin interactions in mitosis. These compact chromatin and create mechanically stable chromosomes. How condensin contributes to chromatin organization in interphase is less well understood. RESULTS Here, we use efficient conditional depletion of fission yeast condensin to determine its contribution to interphase chromatin organization. We deplete condensin in G2-arrested cells to preempt confounding effects from cell cycle progression without condensin. Genome-wide chromatin interaction mapping, using Hi-C, reveals condensin-mediated chromatin interactions in interphase that are qualitatively similar to those observed in mitosis, but quantitatively far less prevalent. Despite their low abundance, chromatin mobility tracking shows that condensin markedly confines interphase chromatin movements. Without condensin, chromatin behaves as an unconstrained Rouse polymer with excluded volume, while condensin constrains its mobility. Unexpectedly, we find that condensin is required during interphase to prevent ongoing transcription from eliciting a DNA damage response. CONCLUSIONS In addition to establishing mitotic chromosome architecture, condensin-mediated long-range chromatin interactions contribute to shaping chromatin organization in interphase. The resulting structure confines chromatin mobility and protects the genome from transcription-induced DNA damage. This adds to the important roles of condensin in maintaining chromosome stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Kakui
- Chromosome Segregation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, 1-21-1, Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-0051, Japan.
| | - Christopher Barrington
- Bioinformatics & Biostatistics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - David J Barry
- Advanced Light Microscopy Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Tereza Gerguri
- Biomolecular Modelling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Xiao Fu
- Biomolecular Modelling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Paul A Bates
- Biomolecular Modelling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Bhavin S Khatri
- Chromosome Segregation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Frank Uhlmann
- Chromosome Segregation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Al-Huqail AA, Khan MN, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Al-Huqail AA, AlZuaibr FM, Al-Muwayhi MA, Marraiki N, Al-Humaid LA. Exogenous melatonin mitigates boron toxicity in wheat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110822. [PMID: 32534334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) toxicity is an important abiotic constraint that limits crop productivity mainly in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. High levels of B in soil disturbs several physiological and biochemical processes in plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of melatonin (Mel) in the regulation of carbohydrate and proline (Pro) metabolism, photosynthesis process and antioxidant system of wheat seedlings under B toxicity conditions. High levels of B inhibited net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), content of chlorophyll (Chl) a, b, δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and increased accumulation of B, Chl degradation and activity of chlorophyllase (Chlase; a Chl degrading enzyme), and downregulated the activity of enzymes (δ-ALAD; δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase) involved in the biosynthesis of photosynthesis pigments, photosynthesis (carbonic anhydrase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) and carbohydrate metabolism (cell wall invertase, CWI) in wheat seedlings. Also, high levels of B caused oxidative damage by increasing the content of malondialdehyde, superoxide anion and H2O2, and activity of glycolate oxidase (an H2O2-producing enzyme) in leaves of seedlings. However, foliar application of Mel significantly improved photosynthetic pigments concentration by increasing δ-ALA, δ-ALAD and decreasing Chl degradation and Chlase activity and led to an increase of plant growth attributes under both B toxicity and non-toxicity conditions. Under normal and B toxicity conditions, exogenous Mel also improved content of N, P, total soluble carbohydrates (TSCs) and Pro, and upregulated activity of CWI and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase. Mel significantly suppressed the adverse effects of excess B by alleviating cellular oxidative damage through enhanced reactive oxygen species scavenging by superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and lipoxygenase, and content of total phenolic compounds (TPC), ascorbate and reduced glutathione. These results postulate that Mel induced plant defense mechanisms by enhancing Pro, TSCs, TPC, nutrients (N and P) uptake and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma A Al-Huqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arwa A Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 13324-8824, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M AlZuaibr
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Muwayhi
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shaqra Univeristy, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat Marraiki
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - L A Al-Humaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Oko Y, Ito N, Sakamoto T. The mechanisms and significance of the positional control of centromeres and telomeres in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:471-478. [PMID: 32410007 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The centromere and telomere are universal heterochromatic domains; however, the proper positioning of those domains in nuclear space during the mitotic interphase differs among eukaryotes. Consequently, the question arises how and why this difference occurs. Studies over the past 2 decades have identified several nuclear membrane proteins, nucleolar proteins, and the structural maintenance of a chromosome complex as factors involved in the positional control of centromeres and/or telomeres during the mitotic interphase in yeasts, animals, and plants. In this review, with a primary focus on plants, the roles of those factors are summarized, and the biological significance of proper centromere and telomere positionings during the mitotic interphase is discussed in an effort to provide guidance for this question.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Oko
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nanami Ito
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Chiba, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sakamoto T, Sugiyama T, Yamashita T, Matsunaga S. Plant condensin II is required for the correct spatial relationship between centromeres and rDNA arrays. Nucleus 2020; 10:116-125. [PMID: 31092096 PMCID: PMC6527393 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2019.1616507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants possess the structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) protein complexes cohesin, condensin, and SMC5/6, which function in fundamental biological processes such as sister chromatid cohesion, chromosome condensation and segregation, and damaged DNA repair. Recently, increasing evidence in several organisms has suggested that condensin is involved in chromatin organizations during interphase. In Arabidopsis thaliana, condensin II is localized in the nucleus throughout interphase and is suggested to be required for keeping centromeres apart and the assembly of euchromatic chromosome arms. However, it remains unclear how condensin II organizes chromatin associations. Here, we first showed the high possibility that the function of condensin II as a complex is required for the disassociation of centromeres. Analysis of the rDNA array distribution revealed that condensin II is also indispensable for the association of centromeres with rDNA arrays. Reduced axial compaction of chromosomes and impaired genome integrity in condensin II mutants are not related to the disruption of chromatin organization. In contrast, the axial compaction of chromosomes by condensin II produces the force leading to the disassociation of heterologous centromeres in Drosophila melanogaster. Taken together, our data imply that the condensin II function in chromatin organization differs among eukaryotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakamoto
- a Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science , Noda , Chiba , Japan
| | - Tomoya Sugiyama
- a Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science , Noda , Chiba , Japan
| | - Tomoe Yamashita
- a Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science , Noda , Chiba , Japan
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- a Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science , Noda , Chiba , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Beseda T, Cápal P, Kubalová I, Schubert V, Doležel J, Šimková H. Mitotic chromosome organization: General rules meet species-specific variability. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1311-1319. [PMID: 32612754 PMCID: PMC7305364 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the formation of mitotic chromosomes from interphase chromatin domains, ongoing for several decades, made significant progress in recent years. It was stimulated by the development of advanced microscopic techniques and implementation of chromatin conformation capture methods that provide new insights into chromosome ultrastructure. This review aims to summarize and compare several models of chromatin fiber folding to form mitotic chromosomes and discusses them in the light of the novel findings. Functional genomics studies in several organisms confirmed condensins and cohesins as the major players in chromosome condensation. Here we compare available data on the role of these proteins across lower and higher eukaryotes and point to differences indicating evolutionary different pathways to shape mitotic chromosomes. Moreover, we discuss a controversial phenomenon of the mitotic chromosome ultrastructure - chromosome cavities - and using our super-resolution microscopy data, we contribute to its elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Beseda
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad. Sci., Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cápal
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad. Sci., Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivona Kubalová
- The Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Veit Schubert
- The Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad. Sci., Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Šimková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad. Sci., Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Uptake, assimilation, and recycling of nutrients are essential for optimal plant growth and development. A large number of studies have contributed significantly to highlight the major features that shape an efficient utilization of nutrients in plants, especially at the transcriptional level. However, only a few examples have explored the epigenetic mechanisms that are intrinsically associated to the transcriptional reprogramming events in response to nutritional fluctuations. In this review, we gather the chromatin-based mechanisms that have been described in response to variations of nutrients availability. At this time of genome and epigenome editing, such mechanisms could potentially represent new targets for crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Séré
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Martin
- BPMP, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CONTACT Antoine Martin BPMP, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Landi M, Margaritopoulou T, Papadakis IE, Araniti F. Boron toxicity in higher plants: an update. PLANTA 2019; 250:1011-1032. [PMID: 31236697 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this review, emphasis is given to the most recent updates about morpho-anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses adopted by plants to cope with B excess. Boron (B) is a unique micronutrient for plants given that the range of B concentration from its essentiality to toxicity is extremely narrow, and also because it occurs as an uncharged molecule (boric acid) which can pass lipid bilayers without any degree of controls, as occurs for other ionic nutrients. Boron frequently exceeds the plant's requirement in arid and semiarid environments due to poor drainage, and in agricultural soils close to coastal areas due to the intrusion of B-rich seawater in fresh aquifer or because of dispersion of seawater aerosol. Global releases of elemental B through weathering, volcanic and geothermal processes are also relevant in enriching B concentration in some areas. Considerable progress has been made in understanding how plants react to B toxicity and relevant efforts have been made to investigate: (I) B uptake and in planta partitioning, (II) physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes induced by B excess, with particular emphasis to the effects on the photosynthetic process, the B-triggered oxidative stress and responses of the antioxidant apparatus to B toxicity, and finally (III) mechanisms of B tolerance. Recent findings addressing the effects of B toxicity are reviewed here, intending to clarify the effect of B excess and to propose new perspectives aimed at driving future researches on the topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Theoni Margaritopoulou
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Phytopathology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, St. Delta 8, 14561, Kifisia, Greece
| | - Ioannis E Papadakis
- Laboratory of Pomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Dipartimento AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Località Feo di Vito, SNC, 89124, Reggio Calabria, RC, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sakamoto T, Sotta N, Suzuki T, Fujiwara T, Matsunaga S. The 26S Proteasome Is Required for the Maintenance of Root Apical Meristem by Modulating Auxin and Cytokinin Responses Under High-Boron Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:590. [PMID: 31156663 PMCID: PMC6530338 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B), an essential micronutrient, causes adverse effects on the growth and development of plants when highly accumulated. By the analysis of Arabidopsis mutants hypersensitive to high-boron (high-B) stress, we have shown that 26S proteasome (26SP) is required to maintain the morphology of the root apical meristem (RAM) under high-B stress. To further understand the molecular function of 26SP in tolerance to high-B stress in the RAM, in this study we investigated the pathways regulated by 26SP using a 26SP subunit mutant, rpt5a, which is hypersensitive to high-B stress. Expression of RPT5a was induced by high-B stress in the entire RAM accompanied by its strong expression in the stele, including the stem cells. Analysis of stele organization in the rpt5a mutant revealed that 26SP is especially important for maintenance of the stele under high-B stress condition (3 mM B treatment). Expression analyses of an auxin-response reporter revealed that auxin responses were enhanced in the stele and the stem cell niche by high-B stress, especially in the rpt5a mutant. In contrast, the expression of TCS::GFP representing cytokinin signaling in the stem cell niche was unchanged in the wild type and extremely weak in the rpt5a mutant, irrespective of B condition. The drastically aberrant auxin and cytokinin responses in the rpt5a mutant under high-B stress were supported by transcriptome analysis using root tips. These results suggest that the collapse of hormonal crosstalk in the stele including the stem cells occurred in the rpt5a mutant, especially under high-B stress. Treatment with the auxin signaling inhibitor α-(phenyl ethyl-2-one)-indole-3-acetic acid (PEO-IAA) reduced sensitivity to high-B stress in the wild type and restored the RAM morphology in the rpt5a mutant under the high-B stress condition. In addition, cytokinin treatment conferred the rpt5a mutant with tolerance to high-B stress in RAM morphology. It is concluded that 26SP containing RPT5a is required for maintenance of auxin/cytokinin balance in the stele, which is crucial for preventing defects in RAM morphology under high-B stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Sotta
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyō, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyō, Japan
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Busselez J, Chichón FJ, Rodríguez MJ, Alpízar A, Gharbi SI, Franch M, Melero R, Paradela A, Carrascosa JL, Carazo JM. Cryo-Electron Tomography and Proteomics studies of centrosomes from differentiated quiescent thymocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7187. [PMID: 31076588 PMCID: PMC6510768 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We have used cryo Electron Tomography, proteomics and immunolabeling to study centrosomes isolated from the young lamb thymus, an efficient source of quiescent differentiated cells. We compared the proteome of thymocyte centrosomes to data published for KE37 cells, focusing on proteins associated with centriole disengagement and centrosome separation. The data obtained enhances our understanding of the protein system joining the centrioles, a system comprised of a branched network of fibers linked to an apparently amorphous density that was partially characterized here. A number of proteins were localized to the amorphous density by immunolabeling (C-NAP1, cohesin SMC1, condensin SMC4 and NCAPD2), yet not DNA. In conjuction, these data not only extend our understanding of centrosomes but they will help refine the model that focus on the protein system associated with the centriolar junction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Busselez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
| | - Francisco Javier Chichón
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Josefa Rodríguez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adan Alpízar
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Séverine Isabelle Gharbi
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Franch
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Melero
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Paradela
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Carrascosa
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Maria Carazo
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Huang R, Shu S, Liu M, Wang C, Jiang B, Jiang J, Yang C, Zhang S. Nuclear Prohibitin3 Maintains Genome Integrity and Cell Proliferation in the Root Meristem through Minichromosome Maintenance 2. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:1669-1691. [PMID: 30674698 PMCID: PMC6446790 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The nucleo-mitochondrial dual-localized proteins can act as gene expression regulators; however, few instances of these proteins have been described in plants. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PROHIBITIN 3 (PHB3) is involved in stress responses and developmental processes, but it is unknown how these roles are achieved at the molecular level in the nucleus. In this study, we show that nucleo-mitochondrial PHB3 plays an essential role in regulating genome stability and cell proliferation. PHB3 is up-regulated by DNA damage agents, and the stress-induced PHB3 proteins accumulate in the nucleus. Loss of function of PHB3 results in DNA damage and defective maintenance of the root stem cell niche. Subsequently, the expression patterns and levels of the root stem cell regulators are altered and down-regulated, respectively. In addition, the phb3 mutant shows aberrant cell division and altered expression of cell cycle-related genes, such as CycB1 and Cyclin dependent kinase 1 Moreover, the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) genes, e.g. MCM2, MCM3, MCM4, MCM5, MCM6, and MCM7, are up-regulated in the phb3 mutant. Reducing the MCM2 expression level substantially recovers the DNA damage in the phb3 mutant and partially rescues the altered cell proliferation and root deficiency of phb3 seedlings. PHB3 acts as a transcriptional coregulator that represses MCM2 expression by competitively binding to the promoter E2F-cis-acting elements with E2Fa so as to modulate primary root growth. Collectively, these findings indicate that nuclear-localized PHB3 acts as a transcriptional coregulator that suppresses MCM2 expression to sustain genome integrity and cell proliferation for stem cell niche maintenance in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Si Shu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Mengling Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jieming Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Shengchun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hirakawa T, Matsunaga S. Characterization of DNA Repair Foci in Root Cells of Arabidopsis in Response to DNA Damage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:990. [PMID: 31417598 PMCID: PMC6682680 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
As a sessile organism, plants are constantly challenged by diverse environmental stresses that threaten genome integrity by way of induction of DNA damage. In plants, each tissue is composed of differentiated cell types, and the response to DNA damage differs among each cell type. However, limited information is available on the subnuclear dynamics of different cell types in response to DNA damage in plants. A chromatin remodeling factor RAD54, which plays an important role in the exchange reaction and alteration of chromatin structure during homologous recombination, specifically accumulates at damaged sites, forming DNA repair foci (termed RAD54 foci) in nuclei after γ-irradiation. In this study, we performed a time-course analysis of the appearance of RAD54 foci in root cells of Arabidopsis after γ-irradiation to characterize the subnuclear dynamics in each cell type. A short time after γ-irradiation, no significant difference in detection frequency of RAD54 foci was observed among epidermal, cortical, and endodermal cells in the meristematic zone of roots. Interestingly, cells showing RAD54 foci persisted in roots at long time after γ-irradiation, and RAD54 foci in these cells localized to nuclear periphery with high frequency. These observations suggest that the nuclear envelope plays a role in the maintenance of genome stability in response to DNA damage in Arabidopsis roots.
Collapse
|
44
|
Sakamoto T, Tsujimoto-Inui Y, Sotta N, Hirakawa T, Matsunaga TM, Fukao Y, Matsunaga S, Fujiwara T. Proteasomal degradation of BRAHMA promotes Boron tolerance in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5285. [PMID: 30538237 PMCID: PMC6290004 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of boron (B) induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in eukaryotes, including plants. Here we show a molecular pathway of high B-induced DSBs by characterizing Arabidopsis thaliana hypersensitive to excess boron mutants. Molecular analysis of the mutants revealed that degradation of a SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable subunit, BRAHMA (BRM), by a 26S proteasome (26SP) with specific subunits is a key process for ameliorating high-B-induced DSBs. We also found that high-B treatment induces histone hyperacetylation, which increases susceptibility to DSBs. BRM binds to acetylated histone residues and opens chromatin. Accordingly, we propose that the 26SP limits chromatin opening by BRM in conjunction with histone hyperacetylation to maintain chromatin stability and avoid DSB formation under high-B conditions. Interestingly, a positive correlation between the extent of histone acetylation and DSB formation is evident in human cultured cells, suggesting that the mechanism of DSB induction is also valid in animals. Boron is essential for plant survival but high levels can impair growth and cause DNA damage. Here the authors show that Arabidopsis can ameliorate Boron toxicity via proteasomal degradation of BRAHMA to minimize open chromatin and reduce the likelihood of DNA double strand breaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yayoi Tsujimoto-Inui
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Sotta
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoko M Matsunaga
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Fukao
- Plant Global Education Project, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0101, Japan.,Department of Bioinformatics, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Nodihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Condensin controls mitotic chromosome stiffness and stability without forming a structurally contiguous scaffold. Chromosome Res 2018; 26:277-295. [PMID: 30143891 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-018-9584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
During cell division, chromosomes must be folded into their compact mitotic form to ensure their segregation. This process is thought to be largely controlled by the action of condensin SMC protein complexes on chromatin fibers. However, how condensins organize metaphase chromosomes is not understood. We have combined micromanipulation of single human mitotic chromosomes, sub-nanonewton force measurement, siRNA interference of condensin subunit expression, and fluorescence microscopy, to analyze the role of condensin in large-scale chromosome organization. Condensin depletion leads to a dramatic (~ 10-fold) reduction in chromosome elastic stiffness relative to the native, non-depleted case. We also find that prolonged metaphase stalling of cells leads to overloading of chromosomes with condensin, with abnormally high chromosome stiffness. These results demonstrate that condensin is a main element controlling the stiffness of mitotic chromosomes. Isolated, slightly stretched chromosomes display a discontinuous condensing staining pattern, suggesting that condensins organize mitotic chromosomes by forming isolated compaction centers that do not form a continuous scaffold.
Collapse
|
46
|
Hasan MK, Liu CX, Pan YT, Ahammed GJ, Qi ZY, Zhou J. Melatonin alleviates low-sulfur stress by promoting sulfur homeostasis in tomato plants. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10182. [PMID: 29976982 PMCID: PMC6033901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite involvement of melatonin (MT) in plant growth and stress tolerance, its role in sulfur (S) acquisition and assimilation remains unclear. Here we report that low-S conditions cause serious growth inhibition by reducing chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and biomass accumulation. S deficiency evoked oxidative stress leading to the cell structural alterations and DNA damage. In contrast, MT supplementation to the S-deprived plants resulted in a significant diminution in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thereby mitigating S deficiency-induced damages to cellular macromolecules and ultrastructures. Moreover, MT promoted S uptake and assimilation by regulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in S transport and metabolism. MT also protected cells from ROS-induced damage by regulating 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin and biosynthesis of S-compounds. These results provide strong evidence that MT can enhance plant tolerance to low-S-induced stress by improving S uptake, metabolism and redox homeostasis, and thus advocating beneficial effects of MT on increasing the sulfur utilization efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.,Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Chen-Xu Liu
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yan-Ting Pan
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu Qi
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China. .,Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fukuda M, Wakuta S, Kamiyo J, Fujiwara T, Takano J. Establishment of genetically encoded biosensors for cytosolic boric acid in plant cells. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 95:763-774. [PMID: 29882321 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plants. To maintain B concentration in tissues at appropriate levels, plants use boric acid channels belonging to the NIP subfamily of aquaporins and BOR borate exporters. To regulate B transport, these transporters exhibit different cell-type specific expression, polar localization, and B-dependent post-transcriptional regulation. Here, we describe the development of genetically encoded biosensors for cytosolic boric acid to visualize the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of B in plant tissues. The biosensors were designed based on the function of the NIP5;1 5'-untranslated region (UTR), which promotes mRNA degradation in response to an elevated cytosolic boric acid concentration. The signal intensities of the biosensor coupled with Venus fluorescent protein and a nuclear localization signal (uNIP5;1-Venus) showed negative correlation with intracellular B concentrations in cultured tobacco BY-2 cells. When expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, uNIP5;1-Venus enabled the quantification of B distribution in roots at single-cell resolution. In mature roots, cytosolic B levels in stele were maintained under low B supply, while those in epidermal, cortical, and endodermal cells were influenced by external B concentrations. Another biosensor coupled with a luciferase protein fused to a destabilization PEST sequence (uNIP5;1-Luc) was used to visualize changes in cytosolic boric acid concentrations. Thus, uNIP5;1-Venus/Luc enables visualization of B transport in various plant cells/tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makiha Fukuda
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Wakuta
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jio Kamiyo
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junpei Takano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hasegawa J, Sakamoto T, Fujimoto S, Yamashita T, Suzuki T, Matsunaga S. Auxin decreases chromatin accessibility through the TIR1/AFBs auxin signaling pathway in proliferative cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7773. [PMID: 29773913 PMCID: PMC5958073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin accessibility is closely associated with chromatin functions such as gene expression, DNA replication, and maintenance of DNA integrity. However, the relationship between chromatin accessibility and plant hormone signaling has remained elusive. Here, based on the correlation between chromatin accessibility and DNA damage, we used the sensitivity to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) as an indicator of chromatin accessibility and demonstrated that auxin regulates chromatin accessibility through the TIR1/AFBs signaling pathway in proliferative cells. Treatment of proliferating plant cells with an inhibitor of the TIR1/AFBs auxin signaling pathway, PEO-IAA, caused chromatin loosening, indicating that auxin signaling functions to decrease chromatin accessibility. In addition, a transcriptome analysis revealed that several histone H4 genes and a histone chaperone gene, FAS1, are positively regulated through the TIR1/AFBs signaling pathway, suggesting that auxin plays a role in promoting nucleosome assembly. Analysis of the fas1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana confirmed that FAS1 is required for the auxin-dependent decrease in chromatin accessibility. These results suggest that the positive regulation of chromatin-related genes mediated by the TIR1/AFBs auxin signaling pathway enhances nucleosome assembly, resulting in decreased chromatin accessibility in proliferative cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junko Hasegawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Satoru Fujimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoe Yamashita
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen P, Li R, Zhou R. Comparative phosphoproteomic analysis reveals differentially phosphorylated proteins regulate anther and pollen development in kenaf cytoplasmic male sterility line. Amino Acids 2018; 50:841-862. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
50
|
Macho-Rivero MA, Herrera-Rodríguez MB, Brejcha R, Schäffner AR, Tanaka N, Fujiwara T, González-Fontes A, Camacho-Cristóbal JJ. Boron Toxicity Reduces Water Transport from Root to Shoot in Arabidopsis Plants. Evidence for a Reduced Transpiration Rate and Expression of Major PIP Aquaporin Genes. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:836-844. [PMID: 29415257 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Toxic boron (B) concentrations cause impairments in several plant metabolic and physiological processes. Recently we reported that B toxicity led to a decrease in the transpiration rate of Arabidopsis plants in an ABA-dependent process within 24 h, which could indicate the occurrence of an adjustment of whole-plant water relations in response to this stress. Since plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) aquaporins are key components influencing the water balance of plants because of their involvement in root water uptake and tissue hydraulic conductance, the aim of the present work was to study the effects of B toxicity on these important parameters affecting plant water status over a longer period of time. For this purpose, transpiration rate, water transport to the shoot and transcript levels of genes encoding four major PIP aquaporins were measured in Arabidopsis plants treated or not with a toxic B concentration. Our results indicate that, during the first 24 h of B toxicity, increased shoot ABA content would play a key role in reducing stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and, consequently, the water transport to the shoot. These physiological responses to B toxicity were maintained for up to 48 h of B toxicity despite shoot ABA content returning to control levels. In addition, B toxicity also caused the down-regulation of several genes encoding root and shoot aquaporins, which could reduce the cell to cell movement of water in plant tissues and, consequently, the water flux to shoot. All these changes in the water balance of plants under B toxicity could be a mechanism to prevent excess B accumulation in plant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Macho-Rivero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - M Begoña Herrera-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Ramona Brejcha
- Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anton R Schäffner
- Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nobuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Agustín González-Fontes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Juan J Camacho-Cristóbal
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| |
Collapse
|