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Qin L, Kong F, Wei L, Cui M, Li J, Zhu C, Liu Y, Xia G, Liu S. Maize ZmSRO1e promotes mesocotyl elongation and deep sowing tolerance by inhibiting the activity of ZmbZIP61. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38874204 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Deep sowing is a traditional method for drought resistance in maize production, and mesocotyl elongation is strongly associated with the ability of maize to germinate from deep soil. However, little is known about the functional genes and mechanisms regulating maize mesocotyl elongation. In the present study, we identified a plant-specific SIMILAR TO RCD-ONE (SRO) protein family member, ZmSRO1e, involved in maize mesocotyl elongation. The expression of ZmSRO1e is strongly inhibited upon transfer from dark to white light. The loss-of-function zmsro1e mutant exhibited a dramatically shorter mesocotyl than the wild-type in both constant light and darkness, while overexpression of ZmSRO1e significantly promoted mesocotyl elongation, indicating that ZmSRO1e positively regulates mesocotyl elongation. We showed that ZmSRO1e physically interacted with ZmbZIP61, an ortholog of Arabidopsis ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) and showed a function similar to that of HY5 in regulating photomorphogenesis. We found that ZmSRO1e repressed the transcriptional activity of ZmbZIP61 toward target genes involved in the regulation of cell expansion, such as ZmEXPB4 and ZmEXPB6, by interfering with the binding of ZmbZIP61 to the promoters of target genes. Our results provide a new understanding of the mechanism by which SRO regulates photomorphogenesis and highlight its potential application in deep sowing-resistant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fangfang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Minghan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jianhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Yong S, Chen Q, Xu F, Fu H, Liang G, Guo Q. Exploring the interplay between angiosperm chlorophyll metabolism and environmental factors. PLANTA 2024; 260:25. [PMID: 38861219 PMCID: PMC11166782 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION In this review, we summarize how chlorophyll metabolism in angiosperm is affected by the environmental factors: light, temperature, metal ions, water, oxygen, and altitude. The significance of chlorophyll (Chl) in plant leaf morphogenesis and photosynthesis cannot be overstated. Over time, researchers have made significant advancements in comprehending the biosynthetic pathway of Chl in angiosperms, along with the pivotal enzymes and genes involved in this process, particularly those related to heme synthesis and light-responsive mechanisms. Various environmental factors influence the stability of Chl content in angiosperms by modulating Chl metabolic pathways. Understanding the interplay between plants Chl metabolism and environmental factors has been a prominent research topic. This review mainly focuses on angiosperms, provides an overview of the regulatory mechanisms governing Chl metabolism, and the impact of environmental factors such as light, temperature, metal ions (iron and magnesium), water, oxygen, and altitude on Chl metabolism. Understanding these effects is crucial for comprehending and preserving the homeostasis of Chl metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyuan Yong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Xu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qigao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Yang G, Sun M, Brewer L, Tang Z, Nieuwenhuizen N, Cooney J, Xu S, Sheng J, Andre C, Xue C, Rebstock R, Yang B, Chang W, Liu Y, Li J, Wang R, Qin M, Brendolise C, Allan AC, Espley RV, Lin‐Wang K, Wu J. Allelic variation of BBX24 is a dominant determinant controlling red coloration and dwarfism in pear. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1468-1490. [PMID: 38169146 PMCID: PMC11123420 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Variation in anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit provides genetic germplasm resources for breeding, while dwarfing is an important agronomic trait, which is beneficial to reduce the management costs and allow for the implementation of high-density cultivation. Here, we combined bulked segregant analysis (BSA), quantitative trait loci (QTL), and structural variation (SV) analysis to identify a 14-bp deletion which caused a frame shift mutation and resulted in the premature translation termination of a B-box (BBX) family of zinc transcription factor, PyBBX24, and its allelic variation termed PyBBX24ΔN14. PyBBX24ΔN14 overexpression promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear, strawberry, Arabidopsis, tobacco, and tomato, while that of PyBBX24 did not. PyBBX24ΔN14 directly activates the transcription of PyUFGT and PyMYB10 through interaction with PyHY5. Moreover, stable overexpression of PyBBX24ΔN14 exhibits a dwarfing phenotype in Arabidopsis, tobacco, and tomato plants. PyBBX24ΔN14 can activate the expression of PyGA2ox8 via directly binding to its promoter, thereby deactivating bioactive GAs and reducing the plant height. However, the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and Valine-Proline (VP) motifs in the C-terminus of PyBBX24 reverse these effects. Interestingly, mutations leading to premature termination of PyBBX24 were also identified in red sports of un-related European pear varieties. We conclude that mutations in PyBBX24 gene link both an increase in pigmentation and a decrease in plant height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding LaboratoryNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Manyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding LaboratoryNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Lester Brewer
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Zikai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Niels Nieuwenhuizen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Janine Cooney
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Shaozhuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiawen Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Christelle Andre
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Cheng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Ria Rebstock
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Bo Yang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Wenjing Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yueyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiaming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding LaboratoryNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Runze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mengfan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Cyril Brendolise
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Andrew C. Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Richard V. Espley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Kui Lin‐Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding LaboratoryNanjingJiangsuChina
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4
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Li N, Xu Y, Lu Y. A Regulatory Mechanism on Pathways: Modulating Roles of MYC2 and BBX21 in the Flavonoid Network. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1156. [PMID: 38674565 PMCID: PMC11054080 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Genes of metabolic pathways are individually or collectively regulated, often via unclear mechanisms. The anthocyanin pathway, well known for its regulation by the MYB/bHLH/WDR (MBW) complex but less well understood in its connections to MYC2, BBX21, SPL9, PIF3, and HY5, is investigated here for its direct links to the regulators. We show that MYC2 can activate the structural genes of the anthocyanin pathway but also suppress them (except F3'H) in both Arabidopsis and Oryza when a local MBW complex is present. BBX21 or SPL9 can activate all or part of the structural genes, respectively, but the effects can be largely overwritten by the local MBW complex. HY5 primarily influences expressions of the early genes (CHS, CHI, and F3H). TF-TF relationships can be complex here: PIF3, BBX21, or SPL9 can mildly activate MYC2; MYC2 physically interacts with the bHLH (GL3) of the MBW complex and/or competes with strong actions of BBX21 to lessen a stimulus to the anthocyanin pathway. The dual role of MYC2 in regulating the anthocyanin pathway and a similar role of BBX21 in regulating BAN reveal a network-level mechanism, in which pathways are modulated locally and competing interactions between modulators may tone down strong environmental signals before they reach the network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (N.L.); (Y.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunzhang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (N.L.); (Y.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yingqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (N.L.); (Y.X.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Zhang T, Zhang R, Zeng XY, Lee S, Ye LH, Tian SL, Zhang YJ, Busch W, Zhou WB, Zhu XG, Wang P. GLK transcription factors accompany ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 to orchestrate light-induced seedling development in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2400-2421. [PMID: 38180123 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Light-induced de-etiolation is an important aspect of seedling photomorphogenesis. GOLDEN2 LIKE (GLK) transcriptional regulators are involved in chloroplast development, but to what extent they participate in photomorphogenesis is not clear. Here, we show that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) binds to GLK promoters to activate their expression, and also interacts with GLK proteins in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The chlorophyll content in the de-etiolating Arabidopsis seedlings of the hy5 glk2 double mutants was lower than that in the hy5 single mutant. GLKs inhibited hypocotyl elongation, and the phenotype could superimpose on the hy5 phenotype. Correspondingly, GLK2 regulated the expression of photosynthesis and cell elongation genes partially independent of HY5. Before exposure to light, DE-ETIOLATED 1 (DET1) affected accumulation of GLK proteins. The enhanced etioplast development and photosystem gene expression observed in the det1 mutant were attenuated in the det1 glk2 double mutant. Our study reveals that GLKs act downstream of HY5, or additive to HY5, and are likely quantitatively adjusted by DET1, to orchestrate multiple developmental traits during the light-induced skotomorphogenesis-to-photomorphogenesis transition in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi-Yu Zeng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lu-Huan Ye
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Long Tian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yi-Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wolfgang Busch
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Wen-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS, Shanghai 200032, China
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Fedorin DN, Eprintsev AT, Igamberdiev AU. The role of promoter methylation of the genes encoding the enzymes metabolizing di- and tricarboxylic acids in the regulation of plant respiration by light. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 294:154195. [PMID: 38377939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
We discuss the role of epigenetic changes at the level of promoter methylation of the key enzymes of carbon metabolism in the regulation of respiration by light. While the direct regulation of enzymes via modulation of their activity and post-translational modifications is fast and readily reversible, the role of cytosine methylation is important for providing a prolonged response to environmental changes. In addition, adenine methylation can play a role in the regulation of transcription of genes. The mitochondrial and extramitochondrial forms of several enzymes participating in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and associated reactions are regulated via promoter methylation in opposite ways. The mitochondrial forms of citrate synthase, aconitase, fumarase, NAD-malate dehydrogenase are inhibited while the cytosolic forms of aconitase, fumarase, NAD-malate dehydrogenase, and the peroxisomal form of citrate synthase are activated. It is concluded that promoter methylation represents a universal mechanism of the regulation of activity of respiratory enzymes in plant cells by light. The role of the regulation of the mitochondrial and cytosolic forms of respiratory enzymes in the operation of malate and citrate valves and in controlling the redox state and balancing the energy level of photosynthesizing plant cells is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry N Fedorin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Alexander T Eprintsev
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada.
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7
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Zeng H, Zhu Q, Yuan P, Yan Y, Yi K, Du L. Calmodulin and calmodulin-like protein-mediated plant responses to biotic stresses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3680-3703. [PMID: 37575022 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a set of finely regulated mechanisms to respond to various biotic stresses. Transient changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+ ) concentration have been well documented to act as cellular signals in coupling environmental stimuli to appropriate physiological responses with astonishing accuracy and specificity in plants. Calmodulins (CaMs) and calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are extensively characterized as important classes of Ca2+ sensors. The spatial-temporal coordination between Ca2+ transients, CaMs/CMLs and their target proteins is critical for plant responses to environmental stresses. Ca2+ -loaded CaMs/CMLs interact with and regulate a broad spectrum of target proteins, such as ion transporters (including channels, pumps, and antiporters), transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, metabolic enzymes and proteins with unknown biological functions. This review focuses on mechanisms underlying how CaMs/CMLs are involved in the regulation of plant responses to diverse biotic stresses including pathogen infections and herbivore attacks. Recent discoveries of crucial functions of CaMs/CMLs and their target proteins in biotic stress resistance revealed through physiological, molecular, biochemical, and genetic analyses have been described, and intriguing insights into the CaM/CML-mediated regulatory network are proposed. Perspectives for future directions in understanding CaM/CML-mediated signalling pathways in plant responses to biotic stresses are discussed. The application of accumulated knowledge of CaM/CML-mediated signalling in biotic stress responses into crop cultivation would improve crop resistance to various biotic stresses and safeguard our food production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houqing Zeng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuqing Zhu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiguo Yuan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Keke Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Du
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Ma X, Feng L, Tao A, Zenda T, He Y, Zhang D, Duan H, Tao Y. Identification and validation of seed dormancy loci and candidate genes and construction of regulatory networks by WGCNA in maize introgression lines. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:259. [PMID: 38038768 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Seventeen PHS-QTLs and candidate genes were obtained, including eleven major loci, three under multiple environments and two with co-localization by the other mapping methods; The functions of three candidate genes were validated using mutants; nine target proteins and five networks were filtered by joint analysis of GWAS and WGCNA. Seed dormancy (SD) and pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) affect yield, as well as grain and hybrid quality in seed production. Therefore, identification of genetic and regulatory pathways underlying PHS and SD is key to gene function analysis, allelic variation mining and genetic improvement. In this study, 78,360 SNPs by SLAF-seq of 230 maize chromosome segment introgression lines (ILs), PHS under five environments were used to conduct GWAS (genome wide association study) (a threshold of 1/n), and seventeen unreported PHS QTLs were obtained, including eleven QTLs with PVE > 10% and three QTLs under multiple environments. Two QTL loci were co-located between the other two genetic mapping methods. Using differential gene expression analyses at two stages of grain development, gene functional analysis of Arabidopsis mutants, and gene functional analysis in the QTL region, seventeen PHS QTL-linked candidate genes were identified, and their five molecular regulatory networks constructed. Based on the Arabidopsis T-DNA mutations, three candidate genes were shown to regulate for SD and PHS. Meanwhile, using RNA-seq of grain development, the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed, deducing five regulatory pathways and target genes that regulate PHS and SD. Based on the conjoint analysis of GWAS and WGCNA, four pathways, nine target proteins and target genes were revealed, most of which regulate cell wall metabolism, cell proliferation and seed dehydration tolerance. This has important theoretical and practical significance for elucidating the genetic basis of maize PHS and SD, as well as mining of genetic resources and genetic improvement of traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Liqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Anyan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Daxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Huijun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Yongsheng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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9
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Shi L, Li X, Fu Y, Li C. Environmental Stimuli and Phytohormones in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16415. [PMID: 38003605 PMCID: PMC10671836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanin accumulation in plants plays important roles in plant growth and development, as well as the response to environmental stresses. Anthocyanins have antioxidant properties and play an important role in maintaining the reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in plant cells. Furthermore, anthocyanins also act as a "sunscreen", reducing the damage caused by ultraviolet radiation under high-light conditions. The biosynthesis of anthocyanin in plants is mainly regulated by an MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex. In recent years, many new regulators in different signals involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified. This review focuses on the regulation network mediated by different environmental factors (such as light, salinity, drought, and cold stresses) and phytohormones (such as jasmonate, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroid, strigolactone, cytokinin, and auxin). We also discuss the potential application value of anthocyanin in agriculture, horticulture, and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.S.); (X.L.); (Y.F.)
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10
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Ren H, Zhang Y, Zhong M, Hussian J, Tang Y, Liu S, Qi G. Calcium signaling-mediated transcriptional reprogramming during abiotic stress response in plants. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:210. [PMID: 37728763 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a second messenger in plants growth and development, as well as in stress responses. The transient elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration have been reported to be involved in plants response to abiotic and biotic stresses. In plants, Ca2+-induced transcriptional changes trigger molecular mechanisms by which plants adapt and respond to environment stresses. The mechanism for transcription regulation by Ca2+ could be either rapid in which Ca2+ signals directly cause the related response through the gene transcript and protein activities, or involved amplification of Ca2+ signals by up-regulation the expression of Ca2+ responsive genes, and then increase the transmission of Ca2+ signals. Ca2+ regulates the expression of genes by directly binding to the transcription factors (TFs), or indirectly through its sensors like calmodulin, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) and calcineurin B-like protein (CBL). In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the role of Ca2+-mediated transcriptional regulation in different processes in plants. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive overview of Ca2+-mediated transcriptional regulation in plants in response to abiotic stresses including nutrition deficiency, temperature stresses (like heat and cold), dehydration stress, osmotic stress, hypoxic, salt stress, acid rain, and heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minyi Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jamshaid Hussian
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Yuting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Du Y, Lin Y, Zhang K, Rothenberg DO, Zhang H, Zhou H, Su H, Zhang L. The Chemical Composition and Transcriptome Analysis Reveal the Mechanism of Color Formation in Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Pericarp. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13198. [PMID: 37686006 PMCID: PMC10487661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the differential metabolism of albino (white), green, and purple pericarp coloration, biochemical profiling and transcriptome sequencing analyses were performed on three different tea pericarps, Zhongbaiyihao (Camellia sinensis L. var. Zhongbai), Jinxuan (Camellia sinensis L. var. Jinxuan), and Baitangziya (Camellia sinensis L. var. Baitang). Results of biochemical analysis revealed that low chlorophyll content and low chlorophyll/carotene ratio may be the biochemical basis for albino characteristics in the 'Zhongbaiyihao' pericarp. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, including DFR, F3'5'H, CCoAOMT, and 4-coumaroyl-CoA, were highly expressed in the purple 'Baitangziya' pericarp. In the chlorophyll synthesis of white pericarp, GUN5 (Genome Uncoupled 5) and 8-vinyl-reductase both showed high expression levels compared to the green one, which indicated that albino 'Zhongbaiyihao' pericarp had a higher chlorophyll synthesis capacity than 'Jinxuan'. Meanwhile, chlorophyllase (CLH, CSS0004684) was lower in 'Baitang' than in 'Jinxuan' and 'Zhongbaiyihao' pericarp. Among the differentially expressed transcription factors, MYB59, WRKY41-like2 (CS ng17509), bHLH62 like1 (CS ng6804), and bHLH62-like3 (CSS0039948) were downregulated in Jinxuan pericarp, suggesting that transcription factors played a role in regulating tea pericarp coloration. These findings provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms and theoretical basis for utilizing functional components of tea pericarp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lingyun Zhang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.D.); (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (D.O.R.); (H.Z.); (H.Z.); (H.S.)
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12
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Jiang B, Zhong Z, Su J, Zhu T, Yueh T, Bragasin J, Bu V, Zhou C, Lin C, Wang X. Co-condensation with photoexcited cryptochromes facilitates MAC3A to positively control hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh4048. [PMID: 37556549 PMCID: PMC10411877 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochromes (CRYs) are blue light receptors that mediate plant photoresponses through regulating gene expressions. We recently reported that Arabidopsis CRY2 could form light-elicited liquid condensates to control RNA methylation. However, whether CRY2 condensation is involved in other gene expression-regulatory processes remains unclear. Here, we show that MOS4-associated complex subunits 3A and 3B (MAC3A/3B) are CRY-interacting proteins and assembled into nuclear CRY condensates. mac3a3b double mutants exhibit hypersensitive photoinhibition of hypocotyl elongation, suggesting that MAC3A/3B positively control hypocotyl growth. We demonstrate the noncanonical activity of MAC3A as a DNA binding protein that modulates transcription. Genome-wide mapping of MAC3A-binding sites reveals that blue light enhances the association of MAC3A with its DNA targets, which requires CRYs. Further evidence indicates that MAC3A and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) occupy overlapping genomic regions and compete for the same targets. These results argue that photocondensation of CRYs fine-tunes light-responsive hypocotyl growth by balancing the opposed effects of HY5 and MAC3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochen Jiang
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zhenhui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jun Su
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tengfei Zhu
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261325, China
| | - Timothy Yueh
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jielena Bragasin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Victoria Bu
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Charles Zhou
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chentao Lin
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261325, China
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13
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Li L, Guo N, Cao Y, Zhai X, Fan G. Genome-Wide Characterization of Calmodulin and Calmodulin-like Protein Gene Families in Paulownia fortunei and Identification of Their Potential Involvement in Paulownia Witches' Broom. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1540. [PMID: 37628592 PMCID: PMC10454933 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As significant Ca2+ sensors, calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CML), have been associated with a variety of environmental conditions in plants. However, whether CaMs/CMLs are related to the stress of phytoplasma infection has not been reported in Paulownia fortunei. In the current study, 5 PfCaMs and 58 PfCMLs were detected through a genome-wide investigation. The number of EF-hand motifs in all PfCaMs/CMLs varied. Bioinformatics analyses, including protein characteristics, conserved domain, gene structure, cis-elements, evolutionary relationship, collinearity, chromosomal location, post-translation modification site, subcellular localization and expression pattern analyses, represented the conservation and divergence of PfCaMs/CMLs. Furthermore, some PfCaMs/CMLs might be involved in plants' reaction to phytoplasma infection and exogenous calcium therapy, indicating these genes may play a role in abiotic as well as biotic stress responses. In addition, subcellular localization analysis showed that PfCML10 was located in the cell membrane and nucleus. In summary, these findings establish a stronger platform for their subsequent functional investigation in trees and further characterize their roles in Paulownia witches' broom (PaWB) occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Na Guo
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yabing Cao
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | | | - Guoqiang Fan
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Eprintsev AT, Fedorin DN, Igamberdiev AU. Light-Dependent Expression and Promoter Methylation of the Genes Encoding Succinate Dehydrogenase, Fumarase, and NAD-Malate Dehydrogenase in Maize ( Zea mays L.) Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10211. [PMID: 37373359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression and methylation of promoters of the genes encoding succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and NAD-malate dehydrogenase in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves depending on the light regime were studied. The genes encoding the catalytic subunits of succinate dehydrogenase showed suppression of expression upon irradiation by red light, which was abolished by far-red light. This was accompanied by an increase in promoter methylation of the gene Sdh1-2 encoding the flavoprotein subunit A, while methylation was low for Sdh2-3 encoding the iron-sulfur subunit B under all conditions. The expression of Sdh3-1 and Sdh4 encoding the anchoring subunits C and D was not affected by red light. The expression of Fum1 encoding the mitochondrial form of fumarase was regulated by red and far-red light via methylation of its promoter. Only one gene encoding the mitochondrial NAD-malate dehydrogenase gene (mMdh1) was regulated by red and far-red light, while the second gene (mMdh2) did not respond to irradiation, and neither gene was controlled by promoter methylation. It is concluded that the dicarboxylic branch of the tricarboxylic acid cycle is regulated by light via the phytochrome mechanism, and promoter methylation is involved with the flavoprotein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase and the mitochondrial fumarase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Eprintsev
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Dmitry N Fedorin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
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Xu L, Zhang L, Liu Y, Sod B, Li M, Yang T, Gao T, Yang Q, Long R. Overexpression of the elongation factor MtEF1A1 promotes salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:138. [PMID: 36907846 PMCID: PMC10009949 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elongation factor 1 A (EF1A), an essential regulator for protein synthesis, has been reported to participate in abiotic stress responses and environmental adaption in plants. However, the role of EF1A in abiotic stress response was barely studied in Medicago truncatula. Here, we identified elongation factor (EF) genes of M. truncatula and studied the salt stress response function of MtEF1A1 (MTR_6g021805). RESULTS A total of 34 EF genes were identified in the M. truncatula genome. Protein domains and motifs of EFs were highly conserved in plants. MtEF1A1 has the highest expression levels in root nodules and roots, followed by the leaves and stems. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing MtEF1A1 was more resistant to salt stress treatment, with higher germination rate, longer roots, and more lateral roots than wild type plant. In addition, lower levels of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also detected in transgenic Arabidopsis. Similarly, MtEF1A1 overexpressing M. truncatula was more resistant to salt stress and had lower levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in leaves. Furthermore, the expression levels of abiotic stress-responsive genes (MtRD22A and MtCOR15A) and calcium-binding genes (MtCaM and MtCBL4) were upregulated in MtEF1A1 overexpressing lines of M. truncatula. CONCLUSION These results suggested that MtEF1A1 play a positive role in salt stress regulation. MtEF1A1 may realize its function by binding to calmodulin (CaM) or by participating in Ca2+-dependent signaling pathway. This study revealed that MtEF1A1 is an important regulator for salt stress response in M. truncatula, and provided potential strategy for salt-tolerant plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Yajiao Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Bilig Sod
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Tianhui Yang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750000, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750000, China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China.
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16
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Kelly G, Yaaran A, Gal A, Egbaria A, Brandsma D, Belausov E, Wolf D, David-Schwartz R, Granot D, Eyal Y, Carmi N, Sade N. Guard cell activity of PIF4 and HY5 control transpiration. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111583. [PMID: 36608874 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Whole-plant transpiration, controlled by plant hydraulics and stomatal movement, is regulated by endogenous and environmental signals, with the light playing a dominant role. Stomatal pore size continuously adjusts to changes in light intensity and quality to ensure optimal CO2 intake for photosynthesis on the one hand, together with minimal water loss on the other. The link between light and transpiration is well established, but the genetic knowledge of how guard cells perceive those signals to affect stomatal conductance is still somewhat limited. In the current study, we evaluated the role of two central light-responsive transcription factors; a bZIP-family transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) and the basic helix-loop-helix (BHLH) transcription factor PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4), in the regulation of steady-state transpiration. We show that overexpression of PIF4 exclusively in guard cells (GCPIF4) decreases transpiration, and can restrain the high transpiration of the pif4 mutant. Expression of HY5 specifically in guard cells (GCHY5) had the opposite effect of enhancing transpiration rates of WT- Arabidopsis and tobacco plants and of the hy5 mutant in Arabidopsis. In addition, we show that GCHY5 can reverse the low transpiration caused by guard cell overexpression of the sugar sensor HEXOKINASE1 (HXK1, GCHXK), an established low transpiring genotype. Finally, we suggest that the GCHY5 reversion of low transpiration by GCHXK requires the auto-activation of the endogenous HY5 in other tissues. These findings support the existence of an ongoing diurnal regulation of transpiration by the light-responsive transcription factors HY5 and PIF4 in the stomata, which ultimately determine the whole-plant water use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilor Kelly
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Adi Yaaran
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Atara Gal
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Danja Brandsma
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Dalia Wolf
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Rakefet David-Schwartz
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - David Granot
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Yoram Eyal
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Nir Carmi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Nir Sade
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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17
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Li Z, Liu W, Chen Q, Zhang S, Mei Z, Yu L, Wang C, Mao Z, Chen Z, Chen X, Wang N. Mdm-miR858 targets MdMYB9 and MdMYBPA1 to participate anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-fleshed apple. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:1295-1309. [PMID: 36651024 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are important secondary metabolites in plants. They are important for human health because of their antioxidant activities and because their dietary intake reduces the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and tumors. The biosynthesis of anthocyanins and its regulation in fruits and vegetables is a global research hotspot. Compared with cultivated apples, the red-fleshed apple is a relatively new and popular commodity in the market. Previous studies on red-fleshed apples have focused on the basis for the high anthocyanin content and the transcriptional regulation of anthocyanin synthesis. In the present study, we focused on the mechanism of microRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in red-fleshed apples. We identified a microRNA (miRNA), designated mdm-miR858, that is specifically expressed in the flesh of apple fruit. The expression level of miR858 was significantly lower in red-fleshed apples than in white-fleshed apples. The overexpression of mdm-miR858 significantly inhibited anthocyanin accumulation, whereas the silencing of mdm-miR858 promoted anthocyanin synthesis in STTM858 transgenic apple calli. Further analyses showed that mdm-miR858 targets the transcription factor genes MdMYB9 and MdMYBPA1 to participate anthocyanin accumulation in apple. Our results also show that MdHY5, a transcription factor in the light signaling pathway, can bind to the promoter of mdm-miR858 to inhibit its transcription, thereby regulating anthocyanin synthesis. Based on our results, we describe a novel HY5-miR858-MYB loop involved in the modulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. These findings provide new information about how plant miRNAs regulate anthocyanin anabolism and provide a basis for breeding new anthocyanin-rich, red-fleshed apple varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Qiaojing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Zhuoxin Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Zhiquan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai'an, Shandong, 271000, China
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18
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Charles M, Edwards B, Ravishankar E, Calero J, Henry R, Rech J, Saravitz C, You W, Ade H, O’Connor B, Sederoff H. Emergent molecular traits of lettuce and tomato grown under wavelength-selective solar cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1087707. [PMID: 36909444 PMCID: PMC9999377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1087707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The integration of semi-transparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) in greenhouses offers new agrivoltaic opportunities to meet the growing demands for sustainable food production. The tailored absorption/transmission spectra of ST-OSCs impacts the power generated as well as crop growth, development and responses to the biotic and abiotic environments. To characterize crop responses to ST-OSCs, we grew lettuce and tomato, traditional greenhouse crops, under three ST-OSC filters that create different light spectra. Lettuce yield and early tomato development are not negatively affected by the modified light environment. Our genomic analysis reveals that lettuce production exhibits beneficial traits involving nutrient content and nitrogen utilization while select ST-OSCs impact regulation of flowering initiation in tomato. These results suggest that ST-OSCs integrated into greenhouses are not only a promising technology for energy-neutral, sustainable and climate-change protected crop production, but can deliver benefits beyond energy considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melodi Charles
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Brianne Edwards
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Eshwar Ravishankar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - John Calero
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Reece Henry
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Jeromy Rech
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Carole Saravitz
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Brendan O’Connor
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Heike Sederoff
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Zhang Q, Lin L, Fang F, Cui B, Zhu C, Luo S, Yin R. Dissecting the functions of COP1 in the UVR8 pathway with a COP1 variant in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:478-492. [PMID: 36495441 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
COP1 is a critical repressor of plant photomorphogenesis in darkness. However, COP1 plays distinct roles in the photoreceptor UVR8 pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. COP1 interacts with ultraviolet B (UV-B)-activated UVR8 monomers and promotes their retention and accumulation in the nucleus. Moreover, COP1 has a function in UV-B signaling, which involves the binding of its WD40 domain to UVR8 and HY5 via conserved Val-Pro (VP) motifs of these proteins. UV-B-activated UVR8 interacts with COP1 via both the core domain and the VP motif, leading to the displacement of HY5 from COP1 and HY5 stabilization. However, it remains unclear whether the function of COP1 in UV-B signaling is solely dependent on its VP motif binding capacity and whether UV-B regulates the subcellular localization of COP1. Based on published structures of the COP1 WD40 domain, we generated a COP1 variant with a single amino acid substitution, COP1C509S , which cannot bind to VP motifs but retains the ability to interact with the UVR8 core domain. UV-B only marginally increased nuclear YFP-COP1 levels and significantly promoted YFP-COP1 accumulation in the cytosol, but did not exert the same effects on YFP-COP1C509S . Thus, the full UVR8-COP1 interaction is important for COP1 accumulation in the cytosol. Notably, UV-B signaling including activation of HY5 transcription was obviously inhibited in the Arabidopsis lines expressing YFP-COP1C509S , which cannot bind VP motifs. We conclude that the full binding of UVR8 to COP1 leads to the predominant accumulation of COP1 in the cytosol and that COP1 has an additional function in UV-B signaling besides VP binding-mediated protein destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Beimi Cui
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Cheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shukun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ruohe Yin
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD. Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
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20
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Xing Y, Sun W, Sun Y, Li J, Zhang J, Wu T, Song T, Yao Y, Tian J. MPK6-mediated HY5 phosphorylation regulates light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in apple fruit. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:283-301. [PMID: 36208018 PMCID: PMC9884024 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Light is known to regulate anthocyanin pigment biosynthesis in plants on several levels, but the significance of protein phosphorylation in light-induced anthocyanin accumulation needs further investigation. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the apple fruit phosphoproteome in response to light, using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Among the differentially phosphorylated proteins, the bZIP (basic leucine zipper) transcription factor, HY5, which has been identified as an anthocyanin regulator, was rapidly activated by light treatment of the fruit. We hypothesized that phosphorylated MdHY5 may play a role in light-induced anthocyanin accumulation of apple fruit. Protein interaction and phosphorylation assays showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase MdMPK6 directly interacted with, and activated, MdHY5 via phosphorylation under light conditions, thereby increasing its stability. Consistent with this finding, the suppression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase genes MdMPK6 or MdHY5 resulted in an inhibition of anthocyanin accumulation, and further showed that light-induced anthocyanin accumulation is dependent on MdMPK6 kinase activity, and is required for maximum MdHY5 activity. Under light conditions, active MdMPK6 phosphorylated MdHY5 leading to accumulation of phospho-MdHY5, which enhanced the binding of MdHY5 to its target anthocyanin related genes in fruit. Our findings reveal an MdMPK6-MdHY5 phosphorylation pathway in light-induced anthocyanin accumulation, providing new insights into the regulation of light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple fruit at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular DesignBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular DesignBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Yuying Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular DesignBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Jialin Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular DesignBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular DesignBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Ting Wu
- College of HorticultureChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tingting Song
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Yuncong Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular DesignBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Ji Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular DesignBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
- Plant Science and Technology CollegeBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
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21
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Liu W, Tang X, Fu X, Zhang H, Zhu C, Zhang N, Si H. Functional Characterization of Potato UBC13- UEV1s Genes Required for Ubiquitin Lys63 Chain to Polyubiquitination. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032412. [PMID: 36768743 PMCID: PMC9917286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s/UBC) are components of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant (UEV) is one of E2s (ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, UBC) subfamily. The UEVs and UBC13 play an auxiliary role in mediating Lys63-linked polyUb chain assembly, which is correlated with target protein non-proteolytic functions, such as DNA repair or response to stress. However, the collaborative mechanism of StUBC13 (homologue of AtUBC13) and StUEVs (the UEVs in potato) involved in potato are not fully understood understood. Here, we identified two StUBC13 and seven StUEVs from potato genome. We analyzed protein motif and conserved domain, gene structure, phylogenetic features, cis-acting elements of StUBC13 and StUEVs. Subsequently, we screened StUBC13 partners protein and verified interaction between StUBC13 and StUEVs using yeast two-hybrid, split luciferase complementation (SLC) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) approach. The expression profile and qRT-PCR analysis suggested that StUBC13 and StUEVs gene exhibited a tissue-specific expression and were induced by different stress. Overall, this investigative study provides a comprehensive reference and view for further functional research on StUBC13 and StUEV1s in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xue Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Cunlan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence:
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22
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Ojha M, Verma D, Chakraborty N, Pal A, Bhagat PK, Singh A, Verma N, Sinha AK, Chattopadhyay S. MKKK20 works as an upstream triple-kinase of MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in Arabidopsis seedling development. iScience 2023; 26:106049. [PMID: 36818282 PMCID: PMC9929681 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is involved in several signal transduction processes in eukaryotes. Here, we report a mechanistic function of MAP kinase kinase kinase 20 (MKKK20) in light signal transduction pathways. We show that MKKK20 acts as a negative regulator of photomorphogenic growth at various wavelengths of light. MKKK20 not only regulates the expression of light signaling pathway regulatory genes but also gets regulated by the same pathway genes. The atmyc2 mkkk20 double mutant analysis shows that MYC2 works downstream to MKKK20 in the regulation of photomorphogenic growth. MYC2 directly binds to the promoter of MKKK20 to modulate its expression. The protein-protein interaction study indicates that MKKK20 physically interacts with MYC2, and this interaction likely suppresses the MYC2-mediated promotion of MKKK20 expression. Further, the protein phosphorylation studies demonstrate that MKKK20 works as the upstream kinase of MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in photomorphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Ojha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Deepanjali Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Nibedita Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Abhideep Pal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Bhagat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Anshuman Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Neetu Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India,Corresponding author
| | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
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23
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Zhang P, Zhu H. Anthocyanins in Plant Food: Current Status, Genetic Modification, and Future Perspectives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020866. [PMID: 36677927 PMCID: PMC9863750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are naturally occurring polyphenolic pigments that give food varied colors. Because of their high antioxidant activities, the consumption of anthocyanins has been associated with the benefit of preventing various chronic diseases. However, due to natural evolution or human selection, anthocyanins are found only in certain species. Additionally, the insufficient levels of anthocyanins in the most common foods also limit the optimal benefits. To solve this problem, considerable work has been done on germplasm improvement of common species using novel gene editing or transgenic techniques. This review summarized the recent advances in the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis and focused on the progress in using the CRISPR/Cas gene editing or multigene overexpression methods to improve plant food anthocyanins content. In response to the concerns of genome modified food, the future trends in developing anthocyanin-enriched plant food by using novel transgene or marker-free genome modified technologies are discussed. We hope to provide new insights and ideas for better using natural products like anthocyanins to promote human health.
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24
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Gao XR, Zhang H, Li X, Bai YW, Peng K, Wang Z, Dai ZR, Bian XF, Zhang Q, Jia LC, Li Y, Liu QC, Zhai H, Gao SP, Zhao N, He SZ. The B-box transcription factor IbBBX29 regulates leaf development and flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet potato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:496-514. [PMID: 36377782 PMCID: PMC9806656 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant flavonoids are valuable natural antioxidants. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) leaves are rich in flavonoids, regenerate rapidly, and can adapt to harsh environments, making them an ideal material for flavonoid biofortification. Here, we demonstrate that the B-box (BBX) family transcription factor IbBBX29 regulates the flavonoid contents and development of sweet potato leaves. IbBBX29 was highly expressed in sweet potato leaves and significantly induced by auxin (IAA). Overexpression of IbBBX29 contributed to a 21.37%-70.94% increase in leaf biomass, a 12.08%-21.85% increase in IAA levels, and a 31.33%-63.03% increase in flavonoid accumulation in sweet potato, whereas silencing this gene produced opposite effects. Heterologous expression of IbBBX29 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) led to a dwarfed phenotype, along with enhanced IAA and flavonoid accumulation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that IbBBX29 modulates the expression of genes involved in the IAA signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that IbBBX29 targets key genes of IAA signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis to activate their expression by binding to specific T/G-boxes in their promoters, especially those adjacent to the transcription start site. Moreover, IbBBX29 physically interacted with developmental and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related proteins, such as AGAMOUS-LIKE 21 protein IbAGL21 and MYB308-like protein IbMYB308L. Finally, overexpressing IbBBX29 also increased flavonoid contents in sweet potato storage roots. These findings indicate that IbBBX29 plays a pivotal role in regulating IAA-mediated leaf development and flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet potato and Arabidopsis, providing a candidate gene for flavonoid biofortification in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-ru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
| | - Yi-wei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhuo-ru Dai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-feng Bian
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Li-cong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Grain and Oil Crops, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qing-chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shao-pei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shao-zhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China
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25
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Liu Y, Chen W, Liu L, Su Y, Li Y, Jia W, Jiao B, Wang J, Yang F, Dong F, Chai J, Zhao H, Lv M, Li Y, Zhou S. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calmodulin and calmodulin-like genes in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2013646. [PMID: 35034573 PMCID: PMC8959510 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.2013646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) genes are widely involved in plant growth and development and mediating plant stress tolerance. However, the whole genome scale studies about CaM and CML gene families have not been done in wheat, and the possible functions of most wheat CaM/CML gene members are still unknown. In this study, a total of 18 TaCaM and 230 TaCML gene members were identified in wheat genome. Among these genes, 28 TaCaM/CML gene members have 74 duplicated copies, while 21 genes have 48 transcript variants, resulting in 321 putative TaCaM/CML transcripts totally. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that they can be classified into 7 subfamilies. Similar gene structures and protein domains can be found in members of the same gene cluster. The TaCaM/CML genes were spread among all 21 chromosomes with unbalanced distributions, while most of the gene clusters contained 3 homoeologous genes located in the same homoeologous chromosome group. Synteny analysis showed that most of TaCaM/CMLs gene members can be found with 1-4 paralogous genes in T. turgidum and Ae. Tauschii. High numbers of cis-acting elements related to plant hormones and stress responses can be observed in the promoters of TaCaM/CMLs. The spatiotemporal expression patterns showed that most of the TaCaM/TaCML genes can be detected in at least one tissue. The expression levels of TaCML17, 21, 30, 50, 59 and 75 in the root or shoot can be up-regulated by abiotic stresses, suggesting that TaCML17, 21, 30, 50, 59 and 75 may be related with responses to abiotic stresses in wheat. The spatiotemporal expression patterns of TaCaM/CML genes indicated they may be involved widely in wheat growth and development. Our results provide important clues for exploring functions of TaCaMs/CMLs in growth and development as well as responses to abiotic stresses in wheat in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenye Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Yuhuan Su
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Hebei Seed Station, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weizhe Jia
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fushuang Dong
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianfang Chai
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - He Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengyu Lv
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanyi Li
- NCPC GeneTech Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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26
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Scion-to-Rootstock Mobile Transcription Factor CmHY5 Positively Modulates the Nitrate Uptake Capacity of Melon Scion Grafted on Squash Rootstock. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010162. [PMID: 36613606 PMCID: PMC9820822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally recognized that the root uptake capacity of grafted plants strongly depends on the rootstocks' well-developed root system. However, we found that grafted plants showed different nitrate uptake capacities when different varieties of oriental melon scion were grafted onto the same squash rootstock, suggesting that the scion regulated the nitrate uptake capacity of the rootstock root. In this study, we estimated the nitrate uptake capacity of grafted plants with the different oriental melon varieties' seedlings grafted onto the same squash rootstocks. The results indicated a significant difference in the nitrate uptake rate and activity of two heterologous grafting plants. We also showed a significant difference in CmoNRT2.1 expression in the roots of two grafting combinations and verified the positive regulation of nitrate uptake by CmoNRT2.1 expression. In addition, the two varieties of oriental melon scion had highly significant differences in CmHY5 expression, which was transported to the rootstock and positively induced CmoHY5-1 and CmoHY5-2 expression in the rootstock roots. Meanwhile, CmHY5 could positively regulate CmoNRT2.1 expression in the rootstock roots. Furthermore, CmoHY5-1 and CmoHY5-2 also positively regulated CmoNRT2.1 expression, respectively, and CmoHY5-1 dominated the positive regulation of CmoNRT2.1, while CmHY5 could interact with CmoHY5-1 and CmoHY5-2, respectively, to jointly regulate CmoNRT2.1 expression. The oriental melon scion regulated the nitrate uptake capacity of the melon/squash grafting plant roots, and the higher expression of CmHY5 in the oriental melon scion leaves, the more substantial the nitrate uptake capacity of squash rootstock roots.
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27
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Stafen CF, Kleine-Vehn J, Maraschin FDS. Signaling events for photomorphogenic root development. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:1266-1282. [PMID: 36057533 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A germinating seedling incorporates environmental signals such as light into developmental outputs. Light is not only a source of energy, but also a central coordinative signal in plants. Traditionally, most research focuses on aboveground organs' response to light; therefore, our understanding of photomorphogenesis in roots is relatively scarce. However, root development underground is highly responsive to light signals from the shoot and understanding these signaling mechanisms will give a better insight into early seedling development. Here, we review the central light signaling hubs and their role in root growth promotion of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássia Fernanda Stafen
- PPGBM - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Institute of Biology II, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felipe Dos Santos Maraschin
- PPGBM - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Mei X, Zhang K, Lin Y, Su H, Lin C, Chen B, Yang H, Zhang L. Metabolic and Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Etiolated Mechanism in Huangyu Tea ( Camellia sinensis) Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315044. [PMID: 36499369 PMCID: PMC9740216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf color is one of the key factors involved in determining the processing suitability of tea. It relates to differential accumulation of flavor compounds due to the different metabolic mechanisms. In recent years, photosensitive etiolation or albefaction is an interesting direction in tea research field. However, the molecular mechanism of color formation remains unclear since albino or etiolated mutants have different genetic backgrounds. In this study, wide-target metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were used to reveal the biological mechanism of leaf etiolation for 'Huangyu', a bud mutant of 'Yinghong 9'. The results indicated that the reduction in the content of chlorophyll and the ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoids might be the biochemical reasons for the etiolation of 'Huangyu' tea leaves, while the content of zeaxanthin was significantly higher. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in chlorophyll and chloroplast biogenesis were the biomolecular reasons for the formation of green or yellow color in tea leaves. In addition, our results also revealed that the changes of DEGs involved in light-induced proteins and circadian rhythm promoted the adaptation of etiolated tea leaves to light stress. Variant colors of tea leaves indicated different directions in metabolic flux and accumulation of flavor compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mei
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kaikai Zhang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongen Lin
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongfeng Su
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chuyuan Lin
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baoyi Chen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Center for Basic Experiments and Practical Training, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +86-020-8528-0542 (L.Z.)
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +86-020-8528-0542 (L.Z.)
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Li T, Li H, Lian H, Song P, Wang Y, Duan J, Song Z, Cao Y, Xu D, Li J, Zhang H. SICKLE represses photomorphogenic development of Arabidopsis seedlings via HY5- and PIF4-mediated signaling. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1706-1723. [PMID: 35848532 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1) and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) are negative regulators, and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) is a positive regulator of seedling photomorphogenic development. Here, we report that SICKLE (SIC), a proline rich protein, acts as a novel negative regulator of photomorphogenesis. HY5 directly binds the SIC promoter and activates SIC expression in response to light. In turn, SIC physically interacts with HY5 and interferes with its transcriptional regulation of downstream target genes. Moreover, SIC interacts with PIF4 and promotes PIF4-activated transcription of itself. Interestingly, SIC is targeted by COP1 for 26S proteasome-mediated degradation in the dark. Collectively, our data demonstrate that light-induced SIC functions as a brake to prevent exaggerated light response via mediating HY5 and PIF4 signaling, and its degradation by COP1 in the dark avoid too strong inhibition on photomorphogenesis at the beginning of light exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Haojie Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hongmei Lian
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Pengyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Jie Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaoqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dongqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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Zhao L, Sun J, Cai Y, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Ogutu CO, Liu J, Zhao Y, Wang F, He H, Zheng B, Han Y. PpHYH is responsible for light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel of Prunus persica. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1662-1677. [PMID: 35220436 PMCID: PMC9366866 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Peach Prunus persica is an economically important fruit tree crop worldwide. Although the external color of fruit is an important aspect of fruit quality, the mechanisms underlying its formation remain elusive in peach. Here, we report an elongated hypocotyl 5-homolog gene PpHYH involved in the regulation of anthocyanin pigmentation in peach fruit peel. Anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel is light-dependent in peach. PpHYH had no auto-activation activity and its transcription was induced by sunlight. PpHYH activated transcription of a cluster of three PpMYB10 genes in the present of a cofactor PpBBX4 encoding a B-BOX protein, leading to anthocyanin accumulation in the sun-exposed peel. However, the PpHYH activity was repressed by a negative regulator of PpCOP1 encoding constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1 which accumulated in the nucleus under dark condition, resulting in failure of anthocyanin accumulation in the shaded peel. PpCOP1 was re-localized into the cytosol under light condition, in accordance with fruit peel pigmentation. Additionally, transport of anthocyanins from the cytoplasm to the vacuole was a rate-limiting step for anthocyanin accumulation in peach fruit peel. Our results reveal for the first time the HYH gene involved in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in fruits, and provide target genes for genetic manipulation of fruit coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juanli Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaming Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiurui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Collins Otieno Ogutu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430209, China
| | - Huaping He
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430209, China
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Zhou H, Zhu W, Wang X, Bian Y, Jiang Y, Li J, Wang L, Yin P, Deng XW, Xu D. A missense mutation in WRKY32 converts its function from a positive regulator to a repressor of photomorphogenesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:111-125. [PMID: 34935148 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) mediates various cellular and physiological processes in plants by targeting a large number of substrates for ubiquitination and degradation. In this study, we reveal that a substitution of Pro for Leu at amino acid position 409 in WRKY32 largely suppresses the short hypocotyls and expanded cotyledon phenotypes of cop1-6. WRKY32P409L promotes hypocotyl growth and inhibits the opening of cotyledons in Arabidopsis. Loss of WRKY32 function mutant seedlings display elongated hypocotyls, whereas overexpression of WRKY32 leads to shortened hypocotyls. WRKY32 directly associates with the promoter regions of HY5 to activate its transcription. COP1 interacts with and targets WRKY32 for ubiquitination and degradation in darkness. WRKY32P409L exhibits enhanced DNA binding ability and affects the expression of more genes compared with WRKY32 in Arabidopsis. Our results not only reveal the basic role for WRKY32 in promoting photomorphogenesis, but also provide insights into manipulating plant growth by engineering key components of light signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Sciences, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Sciences, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xuncheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yeting Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Sciences, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Sciences, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ping Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Sciences, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dongqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Zhang C, Wu Y, Liu X, Zhang J, Li X, Lin L, Yin R. Pivotal roles of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 in regulation of plant development and fruit metabolism in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:527-540. [PMID: 35312008 PMCID: PMC9157105 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) plays critical roles in plant photomorphogenesis. Previous studies on HY5 have mainly focused on the seedling stage in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and its functions in other plant species have not been well characterized, particularly at adult stages of development. In this report, we investigated the functions of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) HY5 (SlHY5) from seedlings to adult plants with a focus on fruits. Genome-edited slhy5 mutants exhibited typical compromised photomorphogenesis in response to various light conditions. The slhy5 mutants showed reduced primary root length and secondary root number, which is associated with altered auxin signaling. SlHY5 promoted chlorophyll biosynthesis from seedling to adult stages. Notably, the promotive role of SlHY5 on chlorophyll accumulation was more pronounced on the illuminated side of green fruits than on their shaded side. Consistent with this light-dependent effect, we determined that SlHY5 protein is stabilized by light. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses in fruits revealed that SlHY5 has major functions in the regulation of metabolism, including the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and steroidal glycoalkaloids. These data demonstrate that SlHY5 performs both shared and distinct functions in relation to its Arabidopsis counterpart. The manipulation of SlHY5 represents a powerful tool to influence the two vital agricultural traits of seedling fitness and fruit quality in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin Li
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Lin
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruohe Yin
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Yang G, Zhang C, Dong H, Liu X, Guo H, Tong B, Fang F, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Liu Y, Lin L, Yin R. Activation and negative feedback regulation of SlHY5 transcription by the SlBBX20/21-SlHY5 transcription factor module in UV-B signaling. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2038-2055. [PMID: 35188198 PMCID: PMC9048894 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and other plants, the photoreceptor UV-RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 regulates plant UV-B photomorphogenesis by modulating the transcription of many genes, the majority of which depends on the transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5). HY5 transcription is induced and then rapidly attenuated by UV-B. However, neither the transcription factors that activate HY5 transcription nor the mechanism for its attenuation during UV-B signaling is known. Here, we report that the tomato B-BOX (BBX) transcription factors SlBBX20 and SlBBX21 interact with SlHY5 and bind to the SlHY5 promoter to activate its transcription. UV-B-induced SlHY5 expression and SlHY5-controlled UV-B responses are normal in slbbx20 and slbbx21 single mutants, but strongly compromised in the slbbx20 slbbx21 double mutant. Surprisingly, UV-B responses are also compromised in lines overexpressing SlBBX20 or SlBBX21. Both SlHY5 and SlBBX20 bind to G-box1 in the SlHY5 promoter. SlHY5 outcompetes SlBBX20 for binding to the SlHY5 promoter in vitro, and inhibits the association of SlBBX20 with the SlHY5 promoter in vivo. Overexpressing 35S:SlHY5-FLAG in the WT background inhibits UV-B-induced endogenous SlHY5 expression. Together, our results reveal the critical role of the SlBBX20/21-SlHY5 module in activating the expression of SlHY5, the gene product of which inhibits its own gene transcription under UV-B, forming an autoregulatory negative feedback loop that balances SlHY5 transcription in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqian Yang
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunli Zhang
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huaxi Dong
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huicong Guo
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Boqin Tong
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yunji Yu
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Lin
- Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Naik J, Misra P, Trivedi PK, Pandey A. Molecular components associated with the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 317:111196. [PMID: 35193745 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids exhibit amazing structural diversity and play different roles in plants. Besides, these compounds have been associated with several health benefits in humans. Several exogenous and endogenous cues, for example, light, temperature, nutrient status, and phytohormones have been reported as modulators of biosynthesis and accumulation of flavonoids. Thus, multiple hormones and stress-related signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of gene expression associated with this pathway. The transcriptional regulators belonging to the MYB and bHLH family transcription factors are well documented as the direct regulators of the structural genes associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. Recent studies also suggest that some of these factors are regulated by molecular components involved in stress and hormone signaling pathways. Adapter proteins for transcriptional activation or repression via recruitment of co-activators and co-repressors, respectively, E2 ubiquitin ligases, miRNA processing complex, and DNA methylation/demethylation factors have been recently discovered in various plants to play key roles in fine-tuning flavonoids synthesis. In the present review, we aim to provide comprehensive information about the role of different factors in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. Besides, we describe the potential upstream regulators involved in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis within the context of available information. To sum up, the present review furnishes an updated account of signal transduction pathways modulating the biosynthesis of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogindra Naik
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Prashant Misra
- Plant Science and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | | | - Ashutosh Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Wang D, Huang F, Yan P, Nie Y, Chen L, Luo J, Zhao H, Wang Y, Han S. Cytosolic and Nucleosolic Calcium-Regulated Molecular Networks in Response to Long-Term Treatment with Abscisic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030524. [PMID: 35328077 PMCID: PMC8950999 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium acts as a universal secondary messenger that transfers developmental cues and stress signals for gene expression and adaptive growth. A prior study showed that abiotic stresses induce mutually independent cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) and nucleosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]nuc) increases in Arabidopsis thaliana root cells. However, gene expression networks deciphering [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc signalling pathways remain elusive. Here, using transgenic A. thaliana to selectively impair abscisic acid (ABA)- or methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc increases, we identified [Ca2+]cyt- and [Ca2+]nuc-regulated ABA- or MeJA-responsive genes with a genome oligo-array. Gene co-expression network analysis revealed four Ca2+ signal-decoding genes, CAM1, CIPK8, GAD1, and CPN20, as hub genes co-expressed with Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes and hormone signalling genes. Luciferase complementation imaging assays showed interactions among CAM1, CIPK8, and GAD1; they also showed interactions with several proteins encoded by Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes. Furthermore, CAM1 and CIPK8 were required for MeJA-induced stomatal closure; they were associated with ABA-inhibited seed germination. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the unique expression pattern of [Ca2+]-regulated hormone-responsive genes in cam1, cipk8, and gad1. This comprehensive understanding of distinct Ca2+ and hormonal signalling will allow the application of approaches to uncover novel molecular foundations for responses to developmental and stress signals in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Feifei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- Department of Computational Biology, Beijing Computing Center, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Yanli Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lvli Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jin Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Li C, Qi L, Zhang S, Dong X, Jing Y, Cheng J, Feng Z, Peng J, Li H, Zhou Y, Wang X, Han R, Duan J, Terzaghi W, Lin R, Li J. Mutual upregulation of HY5 and TZP in mediating phytochrome A signaling. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:633-654. [PMID: 34741605 PMCID: PMC8774092 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phytochrome A (phyA) is the far-red (FR) light photoreceptor in plants that is essential for seedling de-etiolation under FR-rich environments, such as canopy shade. TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 (TZP) was recently identified as a key component of phyA signal transduction in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, how TZP is integrated into the phyA signaling networks remains largely obscure. Here, we demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a well-characterized transcription factor promoting photomorphogenesis, mediates FR light induction of TZP expression by directly binding to a G-box motif in the TZP promoter. Furthermore, TZP physically interacts with CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase targeting HY5 for 26S proteasome-mediated degradation, and this interaction inhibits COP1 interaction with HY5. Consistent with those results, TZP post-translationally promotes HY5 protein stability in FR light, and in turn, TZP protein itself is destabilized by COP1 in both dark and FR light conditions. Moreover, tzp hy5 double mutants display an additive phenotype relative to their respective single mutants under high FR light intensities, indicating that TZP and HY5 also function in largely independent pathways. Together, our data demonstrate that HY5 and TZP mutually upregulate each other in transmitting the FR light signal, thus providing insights into the complicated but delicate control of phyA signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lijuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaoman Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanjun Jing
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jinkui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziyi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Run Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - William Terzaghi
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18766, USA
| | - Rongcheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Norris A, Jiang CZ. S1-bZIP Transcription Factors Play Important Roles in the Regulation of Fruit Quality and Stress Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:802802. [PMID: 35095974 PMCID: PMC8795868 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.802802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugar metabolism not only determines fruit sweetness and quality but also acts as signaling molecules to substantially connect with other primary metabolic processes and, therefore, modulates plant growth and development, fruit ripening, and stress response. The basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP) transcription factor family is ubiquitous in eukaryotes and plays a diverse array of biological functions in plants. Among the bZIP family members, the smallest bZIP subgroup, S1-bZIP, is a unique one, due to the conserved upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in the 5' leader region of their mRNA. The translated small peptides from these uORFs are suggested to mediate Sucrose-Induced Repression of Translation (SIRT), an important mechanism to maintain sucrose homeostasis in plants. Here, we review recent research on the evolution, sequence features, and biological functions of this bZIP subgroup. S1-bZIPs play important roles in fruit quality, abiotic and biotic stress responses, plant growth and development, and other metabolite biosynthesis by acting as signaling hubs through dimerization with the subgroup C-bZIPs and other cofactors like SnRK1 to coordinate the expression of downstream genes. Direction for further research and genetic engineering of S1-bZIPs in plants is suggested for the improvement of quality and safety traits of fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yunting Zhang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ayla Norris
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, United States
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Shi C, Liu H. How plants protect themselves from ultraviolet-B radiation stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1096-1103. [PMID: 34734275 PMCID: PMC8566272 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation has a wavelength range of 280-315 nm. Plants perceive UV-B as an environmental signal and a potential abiotic stress factor that affects development and acclimation. UV-B regulates photomorphogenesis including hypocotyl elongation inhibition, cotyledon expansion, and flavonoid accumulation, but high intensity UV-B can also harm plants by damaging DNA, triggering accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and impairing photosynthesis. Plants have evolved "sunscreen" flavonoids that accumulate under UV-B stress to prevent or limit damage. The UV-B receptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) plays a critical role in promoting flavonoid biosynthesis to enhance UV-B stress tolerance. Recent studies have clarified several UVR8-mediated and UVR8-independent pathways that regulate UV-B stress tolerance. Here, we review these additions to our understanding of the molecular pathways involved in UV-B stress tolerance, highlighting the important roles of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5, BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR1, MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 13, MAP KINASE PHOSPHATASE 1, and ATM- and RAD3-RELATED. We also summarize the known interactions with visible light receptors and the contribution of melatonin to UV-B stress responses. Finally, we update a working model of the UV-B stress tolerance pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Author for communication:
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Ma Y, Ma X, Gao X, Wu W, Zhou B. Light Induced Regulation Pathway of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011116. [PMID: 34681776 PMCID: PMC8538450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural pigments with antioxidant effects that exist in various fruits and vegetables. The accumulation of anthocyanins is induced by environmental signals and regulated by transcription factors in plants. Numerous evidence has indicated that among the environmental factors, light is one of the most signal regulatory factors involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. However, the signal transduction of light and molecular regulation of anthocyanin synthesis remains to be explored. Here, we focus on the research progress of signal transduction factors for positive and negative regulation in light-dependent and light-independent anthocyanin biosynthesis. In particular, we will discuss light-induced regulatory pathways and related specific regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. In addition, an integrated regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis controlled by transcription factors is discussed based on the significant progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.M.); (X.M.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.M.); (X.M.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;
| | - Weilin Wu
- Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-183-4338-8262 (W.W.); +86-0451-8219-1738 (B.Z.)
| | - Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; (Y.M.); (X.M.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-183-4338-8262 (W.W.); +86-0451-8219-1738 (B.Z.)
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Bhagat PK, Verma D, Sharma D, Sinha AK. HY5 and ABI5 transcription factors physically interact to fine tune light and ABA signaling in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:117-127. [PMID: 34490593 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cross-talk between light and ABA signaling is mediated by physical interaction between HY5 and ABI5 Arabidopsis. Plants undergo numerous transitions during their life-cycle and have developed a very complex network of signaling to integrate information from their surroundings to effectively survive in the ever-changing environment. Light signaling is one of the crucial factors that govern the plant growth and development from the very first step of that is from seedling germination to the flowering. Similarly, Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling transduces the signals from external unfavorable condition to the internal developmental pathways and is crucial for regulation of seed maturation, dormancy germination and early seedling development. These two fundamental factors coordinately regulate plant wellbeing, but the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive this regulation are poorly understood. Here, we identified that two bZIP transcription factors, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLE 5 (HY5), a positive regulator of light signaling and ABA-INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5), a positive regulator of ABA signaling interacts and integrates the two pathways together. Our phenotypic data suggest that ABI5 may act as a negative regulator during photomorphogenesis in contrast, HY5 acts as a positive regulator of ABA signaling in an ABA dependent manner. We further showed that over-expression of HY5 leads to ABA-hypersensitive phenotype and late flowering phenotype. Taken together, our data provides key insights regarding the mechanism of interaction between ABI5-HY5 that fine tunes the stress and developmental response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepanjali Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Basu R, Dutta S, Pal A, Sengupta M, Chattopadhyay S. Calmodulin7: recent insights into emerging roles in plant development and stress. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1-20. [PMID: 34398355 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Analyses of the function of Arabidopsis Calmodulin7 (CAM7) in concert with multiple regulatory proteins involved in various signal transduction processes. Calmodulin (CaM) plays various regulatory roles in multiple signaling pathways in eukaryotes. Arabidopsis CALMODULIN 7 (CAM7) is a unique member of the CAM family that works as a transcription factor in light signaling pathways. CAM7 works in concert with CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5, and plays an important role in seedling development. Further, it is involved in the regulation of the activity of various Ca2+-gated channels such as cyclic nucleotide gated channel 6 (CNGC6), CNGC14 and auto-inhibited Ca2+ ATPase 8. Recent studies further indicate that CAM7 is also an integral part of multiple signaling pathways including hormone, immunity and stress. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding the multifaceted role of CAM7. We highlight the open-ended questions, and also discuss the diverse aspects of CAM7 characterization that need to be addressed for comprehensive understanding of its cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Basu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Siddhartha Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering and Management, University Area, Plot, Street Number 03, Action Area III, B/5, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700156, India
| | - Abhideep Pal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Mandar Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India.
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Liu H, Liu Z, Wu Y, Zheng L, Zhang G. Regulatory Mechanisms of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Apple and Pear. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168441. [PMID: 34445149 PMCID: PMC8395115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins contribute to the quality and flavour of fruits. They are produced through the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is regulated by specific key genes that have been identified in many species. The dominant anthocyanin forms are reversibly transformed at different pH states, thus forming different colours in aqueous solutions. In plants, anthocyanins are controlled by specific factors of the biosynthetic pathway: light, temperature, phytohormones and transcription factors. Although great progress in research on anthocyanin structures and the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis has been made, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in different plants remain less clear. In addition, the co-regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis is poorly understood. In this review, we summarise previous findings on anthocyanin biosynthesis, including the biochemical and biological features of anthocyanins; differences in anthocyanin biosynthesis among fruit species, i.e., apple, red pear, and the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana; and the developmental and environmental regulation of anthocyanin accumulation. This review reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis in different plant species and provides valuable information for the development of anthocyanin-rich red-skinned and red-fleshed apple and pear varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (H.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zijin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (H.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (H.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lamei Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (H.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Genfa Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (H.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-5880-9453
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43
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Li T, Lian H, Li H, Xu Y, Zhang H. HY5 regulates light-responsive transcription of microRNA163 to promote primary root elongation in Arabidopsis seedlings. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1437-1450. [PMID: 33860639 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in plants. Many miRNAs are responsive to environmental signals. Light is the first environmental signal perceived by plants after emergence from the soil. However, less is known about the roles and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in response to light signal. Here, using small RNA sequencing, we determined that miR163 is significantly rapidly induced by light signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The light-inducible response of miR163 functions genetically downstream of LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a central positive regulator of photomorphogenesis. HY5 directly binds to the two G/C-hybrid elements in the miR163 promoter with unequal affinity; one of these elements, which is located next to the transcription start site, plays a major role in light-induced expression of miR163. Overexpression of miR163 rescued the defective primary root elongation of hy5 seedlings without affecting lateral root growth, whereas overexpressing of miR163 target PXMT1 inhibited primary root elongation. These findings provide insight into understanding the post-transcriptional regulation of root photomorphogenesis mediated by the HY5-miR163-PXMT1 network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hongmei Lian
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Haojie Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yufang Xu
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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Kelly G, Brandsma D, Egbaria A, Stein O, Doron-Faigenboim A, Lugassi N, Belausov E, Zemach H, Shaya F, Carmi N, Sade N, Granot D. Guard cells control hypocotyl elongation through HXK1, HY5, and PIF4. Commun Biol 2021; 4:765. [PMID: 34155329 PMCID: PMC8217561 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypocotyls of germinating seedlings elongate in a search for light to enable autotrophic sugar production. Upon exposure to light, photoreceptors that are activated by blue and red light halt elongation by preventing the degradation of the hypocotyl-elongation inhibitor HY5 and by inhibiting the activity of the elongation-promoting transcription factors PIFs. The question of how sugar affects hypocotyl elongation and which cell types stimulate and stop that elongation remains unresolved. We found that overexpression of a sugar sensor, Arabidopsis hexokinase 1 (HXK1), in guard cells promotes hypocotyl elongation under white and blue light through PIF4. Furthermore, expression of PIF4 in guard cells is sufficient to promote hypocotyl elongation in the light, while expression of HY5 in guard cells is sufficient to inhibit the elongation of the hy5 mutant and the elongation stimulated by HXK1. HY5 exits the guard cells and inhibits hypocotyl elongation, but is degraded in the dark. We also show that the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation by guard cells' HY5 involves auto-activation of HY5 expression in other tissues. It appears that guard cells are capable of coordinating hypocotyl elongation and that sugar and HXK1 have the opposite effect of light on hypocotyl elongation, converging at PIF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilor Kelly
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Danja Brandsma
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Stein
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Adi Doron-Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Nitsan Lugassi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Hanita Zemach
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Felix Shaya
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Nir Carmi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Nir Sade
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Granot
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
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45
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Podolec R, Demarsy E, Ulm R. Perception and Signaling of Ultraviolet-B Radiation in Plants. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 72:793-822. [PMID: 33636992 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-095946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is an intrinsic fraction of sunlight that plants perceive through the UVR8 photoreceptor. UVR8 is a homodimer in its ground state that monomerizes upon UV-B photon absorption via distinct tryptophan residues. Monomeric UVR8 competitively binds to the substrate binding site of COP1, thus inhibiting its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity against target proteins, which include transcriptional regulators such as HY5. The UVR8-COP1 interaction also leads to the destabilization of PIF bHLH factor family members. Additionally, UVR8 directly interacts with and inhibits the DNA binding of a different set of transcription factors. Each of these UVR8 signaling mechanisms initiates nuclear gene expression changes leading to UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis and acclimation. The two WD40-repeat proteins RUP1 and RUP2 provide negative feedback regulation and inactivate UVR8 by facilitating redimerization. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of the UVR8 pathway from UV-B perception and signal transduction to gene expression changes and physiological UV-B responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Podolec
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Section of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; , ,
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Demarsy
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Section of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; , ,
| | - Roman Ulm
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, Section of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; , ,
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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46
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Cañibano E, Bourbousse C, García-León M, Garnelo Gómez B, Wolff L, García-Baudino C, Lozano-Durán R, Barneche F, Rubio V, Fonseca S. DET1-mediated COP1 regulation avoids HY5 activity over second-site gene targets to tune plant photomorphogenesis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:963-982. [PMID: 33711490 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.30.318253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
DE-ETIOLATED 1 (DET1) and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 1 (COP1) are two essential repressors of Arabidopsis photomorphogenesis. These proteins can associate with CULLIN4 to form independent CRL4-based E3 ubiquitin ligases that mediate the degradation of several photomorphogenic transcription factors, including ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), thereby controlling multiple gene-regulatory networks. Despite extensive biochemical and genetic analyses of their multi-subunit complexes, the functional links between DET1 and COP1 have long remained elusive. Here, we report that DET1 associates with COP1 in vivo, enhances COP1-HY5 interaction, and promotes COP1 destabilization in a process that dampens HY5 protein abundance. By regulating its accumulation, DET1 avoids HY5 association with hundreds of second-site genomic loci, which are also frequently targeted by the skotomorphogenic transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3. Accordingly, ectopic HY5 chromatin enrichment favors local gene repression and can trigger fusca-like phenotypes. This study therefore shows that DET1-mediated regulation of COP1 stability tunes down the HY5 cistrome, avoiding hyper-photomorphogenic responses that might compromise plant viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cañibano
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Clara Bourbousse
- Institut de biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | | | - Borja Garnelo Gómez
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Léa Wolff
- Institut de biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | | | - Rosa Lozano-Durán
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China; Department of Plant Biochemistry, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fredy Barneche
- Institut de biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain.
| | - Sandra Fonseca
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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Light regulates stomatal development by modulating paracrine signaling from inner tissues. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3403. [PMID: 34099707 PMCID: PMC8184810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental outcomes are shaped by the interplay between intrinsic and external factors. The production of stomata—essential pores for gas exchange in plants—is extremely plastic and offers an excellent system to study this interplay at the cell lineage level. For plants, light is a key external cue, and it promotes stomatal development and the accumulation of the master stomatal regulator SPEECHLESS (SPCH). However, how light signals are relayed to influence SPCH remains unknown. Here, we show that the light-regulated transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a critical regulator for photomorphogenic growth, is present in inner mesophyll cells and directly binds and activates STOMAGEN. STOMAGEN, the mesophyll-derived secreted peptide, in turn stabilizes SPCH in the epidermis, leading to enhanced stomatal production. Our work identifies a molecular link between light signaling and stomatal development that spans two tissue layers and highlights how an environmental signaling factor may coordinate growth across tissue types. Light promotes stomatal development in plants. Here Wang et al. show that light stimulates stomatal development via the HY5 transcription factor which induces expression of STOMAGEN, a mesophyll-derived secreted peptide, that in turn leads to stabilization of a master regulator of stomatal development in the epidermis.
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Cañibano E, Bourbousse C, García-León M, Garnelo Gómez B, Wolff L, García-Baudino C, Lozano-Durán R, Barneche F, Rubio V, Fonseca S. DET1-mediated COP1 regulation avoids HY5 activity over second-site gene targets to tune plant photomorphogenesis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:963-982. [PMID: 33711490 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
DE-ETIOLATED 1 (DET1) and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 1 (COP1) are two essential repressors of Arabidopsis photomorphogenesis. These proteins can associate with CULLIN4 to form independent CRL4-based E3 ubiquitin ligases that mediate the degradation of several photomorphogenic transcription factors, including ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), thereby controlling multiple gene-regulatory networks. Despite extensive biochemical and genetic analyses of their multi-subunit complexes, the functional links between DET1 and COP1 have long remained elusive. Here, we report that DET1 associates with COP1 in vivo, enhances COP1-HY5 interaction, and promotes COP1 destabilization in a process that dampens HY5 protein abundance. By regulating its accumulation, DET1 avoids HY5 association with hundreds of second-site genomic loci, which are also frequently targeted by the skotomorphogenic transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3. Accordingly, ectopic HY5 chromatin enrichment favors local gene repression and can trigger fusca-like phenotypes. This study therefore shows that DET1-mediated regulation of COP1 stability tunes down the HY5 cistrome, avoiding hyper-photomorphogenic responses that might compromise plant viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cañibano
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Clara Bourbousse
- Institut de biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | | | - Borja Garnelo Gómez
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Léa Wolff
- Institut de biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | | | - Rosa Lozano-Durán
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China; Department of Plant Biochemistry, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fredy Barneche
- Institut de biologie de l'École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | - Vicente Rubio
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain.
| | - Sandra Fonseca
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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49
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Zhu L, Zhang XQ, Ye D, Chen LQ. The Mildew Resistance Locus O 4 Interacts with CaM/CML and Is Involved in Root Gravity Response. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115962. [PMID: 34073116 PMCID: PMC8198571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-specific mildew resistance locus O (MLO) proteins, which contain seven transmembrane domains and a conserved calmodulin-binding domain, play important roles in many plant developmental processes. However, their mechanisms that regulate plant development remain unclear. Here, we report the functional characterization of the MLO4 protein in Arabidopsis roots. The MLO4 was identified as interacting with CML12 in a screening for the interaction between the proteins from Arabidopsis MLO and calmodulin/calmodulin-like (CaM/CML) families using yeast two hybrid (Y2H) assays. Then, the interaction between MLO4 and CML12 was further verified by Luciferase Complementation Imaging (LCI) and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assays. Genetic analysis showed that the mlo4, cml12, and mlo4 cml12 mutants displayed similar defects in root gravity response. These results imply that the MLO4 might play an important role in root gravity response through interaction with CML12. Moreover, our results also demonstrated that the interaction between the MLO and CaM/CML families might be conservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.-Q.C.)
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - De Ye
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Li-Qun Chen
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.-Q.C.)
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Raina M, Kumar A, Yadav N, Kumari S, Yusuf MA, Mustafiz A, Kumar D. StCaM2, a calcium binding protein, alleviates negative effects of salinity and drought stress in tobacco. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:85-108. [PMID: 33629224 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Overexpression of StCaM2 in tobacco promotes plant growth and confers increased salinity and drought tolerance by enhancing the photosynthetic efficiency, ROS scavenging, and recovery from membrane injury. Calmodulins (CaMs) are important Ca2+ sensors that interact with effector proteins and drive a network of signal transduction pathways involved in regulating the growth and developmental pattern of plants under stress. Herein, using in silico analysis, we identified 17 CaM isoforms (StCaM) in potato. Expression profiling revealed different temporal and spatial expression patterns of these genes, which were modulated under abiotic stress. Among the identified StCaM genes, StCaM2 was found to have the largest number of abiotic stress responsive promoter elements. In addition, StCaM2 was upregulated in response to some of the selected abiotic stress in potato tissues. Overexpression of StCaM2 in transgenic tobacco plants enhanced their tolerance to salinity and drought stress. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species was remarkably decreased in transgenic lines compared to that in wild type plants. Chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis suggested better performance of photosystem II in transgenic plants under stress compared to that in wild type plants. The increase in salinity stress tolerance in StCaM2-overexpressing plants was also associated with a favorable K+/Na+ ratio. The enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses correlated with the increase in the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes in transgenic tobacco plants. Overall, our results suggest that StCaM2 can be a novel candidate for conferring salt and drought tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Raina
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Dist- Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Nikita Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Sumita Kumari
- Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Yusuf
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Ananda Mustafiz
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, Akbar Bhawan, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, 110021, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Dist- Samba, Jammu and Kashmir, 181143, India.
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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