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Ma Y, Ma C, Zhou P, Gao F, Tan W, Huang X, Bai Y, Li M, Wang Z, Hayat F, Shi T, Ni Z, Gao Z. PmLBD3 links auxin and brassinosteroid signalling pathways on dwarfism in Prunus mume. BMC Biol 2024; 22:184. [PMID: 39183294 PMCID: PMC11346286 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grafting with dwarf rootstock is an efficient method to control plant height in fruit production. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our previous study showed that plants with Prunus mume (mume) rootstock exhibited a considerable reduction in plant height, internode length, and number of nodes compared with Prunus persica (peach) rootstock. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism behind the regulation of plant height by mume rootstocks through transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses with two grafting combinations, 'Longyan/Mume' and 'Longyan/Peach'. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in brassinolide levels in plants that were grafted onto mume rootstocks. Plant hormone signal transduction and brassinolide production metabolism gene expression also changed significantly. Flavonoid levels, amino acid and fatty acid metabolites, and energy metabolism in dwarf plants decreased. There was a notable upregulation of PmLBD3 gene expression in plant specimens that were subjected to grafting onto mume rootstocks. Auxin signalling cues promoted PmARF3 transcription, which directly controlled this upregulation. Through its binding to PmBAS1 and PmSAUR36a gene promoters, PmLBD3 promoted endogenous brassinolide inactivation and inhibited cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Auxin signalling and brassinolide levels are linked by PmLBD3. Our findings showed that PmLBD3 is a key transcription factor that regulates the balance of hormones through the auxin and brassinolide signalling pathways and causes dwarf plants in stone fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Ma
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengdong Ma
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minglu Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Faisal Hayat
- College of Horticulture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaojun Ni
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- Laboratory of Fruit Tree Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Kaur A, Best NB, Hartwig T, Budka J, Khangura RS, McKenzie S, Aragón-Raygoza A, Strable J, Schulz B, Dilkes BP. A maize semi-dwarf mutant reveals a GRAS transcription factor involved in brassinosteroid signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:3072-3096. [PMID: 38709680 PMCID: PMC11288745 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BR) and gibberellins (GA) regulate plant height and leaf angle in maize (Zea mays). Mutants with defects in BR or GA biosynthesis or signaling identify components of these pathways and enhance our knowledge about plant growth and development. In this study, we characterized three recessive mutant alleles of GRAS transcription factor 42 (gras42) in maize, a GRAS transcription factor gene orthologous to the DWARF AND LOW TILLERING (DLT) gene of rice (Oryza sativa). These maize mutants exhibited semi-dwarf stature, shorter and wider leaves, and more upright leaf angle. Transcriptome analysis revealed a role for GRAS42 as a determinant of BR signaling. Analysis of the expression consequences from loss of GRAS42 in the gras42-mu1021149 mutant indicated a weak loss of BR signaling in the mutant, consistent with its previously demonstrated role in BR signaling in rice. Loss of BR signaling was also evident by the enhancement of weak BR biosynthetic mutant alleles in double mutants of nana plant1-1 and gras42-mu1021149. The gras42-mu1021149 mutant had little effect on GA-regulated gene expression, suggesting that GRAS42 is not a regulator of core GA signaling genes in maize. Single-cell expression data identified gras42 expressed among cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle consistent with its previously demonstrated role in cell cycle gene expression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Cis-acting natural variation controlling GRAS42 transcript accumulation was identified by expression genome-wide association study (eGWAS) in maize. Our results demonstrate a conserved role for GRAS42/SCARECROW-LIKE 28 (SCL28)/DLT in BR signaling, clarify the role of this gene in GA signaling, and suggest mechanisms of tillering and leaf angle control by BR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Norman B Best
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Thomas Hartwig
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Josh Budka
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Rajdeep S Khangura
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Steven McKenzie
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Alejandro Aragón-Raygoza
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Josh Strable
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Burkhard Schulz
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Brian P Dilkes
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Dou H, Sun J, Wang T, Bi S, Feng X, Sun H, Quan J. Transcriptomic profiling and discovery of key transcription factors involved in adventitious roots formation from root cuttings of mulberry. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:693. [PMID: 39009981 PMCID: PMC11251115 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10593-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
ARs plays a crucial role in plant morphogenesis and development. The limited and inefficient rooting of scions poses a significant challenge to the efficiency and quality of clonal propagation of forest trees in silvicultural practices. Building on previous research conducted by our team, we found that applying IBA at a concentration of 1000 mg/L significantly enhanced mulberry rooting. This study aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect by analyzing RNA sequencing data from mulberry phloem before and after treatment with IBA over time intervals of 10, 20, 30, and 40 days. We identified 5226 DEGs, which were then classified into GO terms and KEGG pathways, showing significant enrichment in hormone signaling processes. Using WGCNA, we identified eight co-expression modules, two of which were significantly correlated with the IBA treatment. Additionally, 18 transcription factors that potentially facilitate ARs formation in mulberry were identified, and an exploratory analysis on the cis-regulatory elements associated with these transcription factors was conducted. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of ARs in mulberry and offer theoretical support for the discovery and utilization of exceptional genetic resources within the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dou
- College of Forest, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiajia Sun
- College of Forest, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- College of Forest, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shuwen Bi
- College of Forest, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xi Feng
- College of Forest, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Huijuan Sun
- College of Forest, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jin'e Quan
- College of Forest, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Zhang G, Wang H, Ren X, Xiao Y, Liu D, Meng W, Qiu Y, Hu B, Xie Q, Chu C, Tong H. Brassinosteroid-dependent phosphorylation of PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE2 reduces its DNA-binding ability in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2253-2271. [PMID: 38416876 PMCID: PMC11132879 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are widely used as plant growth regulators in modern agriculture. Understanding how BRs regulate nutrient signaling is crucial for reducing fertilizer usage. Here we elucidate that the central BR signaling inhibitor GSK3/SHAGGY-LIKE KINASE2 (GSK2) interacts directly with and phosphorylates PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE2 (OsPHR2), the key regulator of phosphate (Pi) signaling, to suppress its transcription factor activity in rice (Oryza sativa). We identify a critical phosphorylation site at serine residue S269 of OsPHR2 and demonstrate that phosphorylation by GSK2 or phosphor-mimic mutation of S269 substantially impairs the DNA-binding activity of OsPHR2, and thus diminishes expression of OsPHR2-induced genes and reduces Pi levels. Like BRs, Pi starvation noticeably induces GSK2 instability. We further show that this site-specific phosphorylation event is conserved in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but varies among the PHR-family members, being present only in most land plants. These results unveil a distinctive post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism in Pi signaling by which BRs promote Pi acquisition, with a potential contribution to the environmental adaptability of plants during their evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, and the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongru Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiangle Ren
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dapu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yahong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, and the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qingjun Xie
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, and the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, and the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongning Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Zhang W, Chen X, Yang K, Chang S, Zhang X, Liu M, Wu L, Xin M, Hu Z, Liu J, Peng H, Ni Z, Sun Q, Yao Y, Du J. Fine-mapping and validation of the major quantitative trait locus QFlANG-4B for flag leaf angle in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:121. [PMID: 38709317 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE This study precisely mapped and validated a quantitative trait locus (QTL) located on chromosome 4B for flag leaf angle in wheat. Flag leaf angle (FLANG) is closely related to crop architecture and yield. We previously identified the quantitative trait locus (QTL) QFLANG-4B for FLANG on chromosome 4B, located within a 14-cM interval flanked by the markers Xbarc20 and Xzyh357, using a mapping population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Nongda3331 (ND3331) and Zang1817. In this study, we fine-mapped QFLANG-4B and validated its associated genetic effect. We developed a BC3F3 population using ND3331 as the recurrent parent through marker-assisted selection, as well as near-isogenic lines (NILs) by selfing BC3F3 plants carrying different heterozygous segments for the QFLANG-4B region. We obtained eight recombinant types for QFLANG-4B, narrowing its location down to a 5.3-Mb region. This region contained 76 predicted genes, 7 of which we considered to be likely candidate genes for QFLANG-4B. Marker and phenotypic analyses of individual plants from the secondary mapping populations and their progeny revealed that the FLANG of the ND3331 allele is significantly higher than that of the Zang1817 allele in multiple environments. These results not only provide a basis for the map-based cloning of QFLANG-4B, but also indicate that QFLANG-4B has great potential for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs designed to improve plant architecture and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Siyuan Chang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingde Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Longfei Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinkun Du
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Li H, Suo Y, Li H, Sun P, Han W, Fu J. Cytological, Phytohormone, and Transcriptome Analyses Provide Insights into Persimmon Fruit Shape Formation ( Diospyros kaki Thunb.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4812. [PMID: 38732032 PMCID: PMC11083898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Fruit shape is an important external feature when consumers choose their preferred fruit varieties. Studying persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) fruit shape is beneficial to increasing its commodity value. However, research on persimmon fruit shape is still in the initial stage. In this study, the mechanism of fruit shape formation was studied by cytological observations, phytohormone assays, and transcriptome analysis using the long fruit and flat fruit produced by 'Yaoxianwuhua' hermaphroditic flowers. The results showed that stage 2-3 (June 11-June 25) was the critical period for persimmon fruit shape formation. Persimmon fruit shape is determined by cell number in the transverse direction and cell length in the longitudinal direction. High IAA, GA4, ZT, and BR levels may promote long fruit formation by promoting cell elongation in the longitudinal direction, and high GA3 and ABA levels may be more conducive to flat fruit formation by increasing the cell number in the transverse direction and inhibiting cell elongation in the longitudinal direction, respectively. Thirty-two DEGs related to phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways and nine DEGs related to cell division and cell expansion may be involved in the persimmon fruit shape formation process. These results provide valuable information for regulatory mechanism research on persimmon fruit formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No. 498 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha 410004, China;
- Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Yujing Suo
- Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Hui Li
- Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Peng Sun
- Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Weijuan Han
- Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Jianmin Fu
- Research Institute of Non-Timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, No. 3 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (Y.S.); (P.S.)
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Zhang T, Huang W, Zhang L, Li DZ, Qi J, Ma H. Phylogenomic profiles of whole-genome duplications in Poaceae and landscape of differential duplicate retention and losses among major Poaceae lineages. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3305. [PMID: 38632270 PMCID: PMC11024178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Poaceae members shared a whole-genome duplication called rho. However, little is known about the evolutionary pattern of the rho-derived duplicates among Poaceae lineages and implications in adaptive evolution. Here we present phylogenomic/phylotranscriptomic analyses of 363 grasses covering all 12 subfamilies and report nine previously unknown whole-genome duplications. Furthermore, duplications from a single whole-genome duplication were mapped to multiple nodes on the species phylogeny; a whole-genome duplication was likely shared by woody bamboos with possible gene flow from herbaceous bamboos; and recent paralogues of a tetraploid Oryza are implicated in tolerance of seawater submergence. Moreover, rho duplicates showing differential retention among subfamilies include those with functions in environmental adaptations or morphogenesis, including ACOT for aquatic environments (Oryzoideae), CK2β for cold responses (Pooideae), SPIRAL1 for rapid cell elongation (Bambusoideae), and PAI1 for drought/cold responses (Panicoideae). This study presents a Poaceae whole-genome duplication profile with evidence for multiple evolutionary mechanisms that contribute to gene retention and losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taikui Zhang
- Department of Biology, the Eberly College of Science, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weichen Huang
- Department of Biology, the Eberly College of Science, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Ji Qi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Biology, the Eberly College of Science, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA.
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Mei E, He M, Xu M, Tang J, Liu J, Liu Y, Hong Z, Li X, Wang Z, Guan Q, Tian X, Bu Q. OsWRKY78 regulates panicle exsertion via gibberellin signaling pathway in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:771-786. [PMID: 38470298 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Panicle exsertion is one of the crucial agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa). Shortening of panicle exsertion often leads to panicle enclosure and severely reduces seed production. Gibberellin (GA) plays important roles in regulating panicle exsertion. However, the underlying mechanism and the relative regulatory network remain elusive. Here, we characterized the oswrky78 mutant showing severe panicle enclosure, and found that the defect of oswrky78 is caused by decreased bioactive GA contents. Biochemical analysis demonstrates that OsWRKY78 can directly activate GA biosynthesis and indirectly suppress GA metabolism. Moreover, we found OsWRKY78 can interact with and be phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase OsMAPK6, and this phosphorylation can enhance OsWRKY78 stability and is necessary for its biological function. Taken together, these results not only reveal the critical function of OsWRKY78, but also reveal its mechanism via mediating crosstalk between MAPK and the GA signaling pathway in regulating panicle exsertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yingxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhipeng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qingjie Guan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xiaojie Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qingyun Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
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9
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Zhang X, Meng W, Liu D, Pan D, Yang Y, Chen Z, Ma X, Yin W, Niu M, Dong N, Liu J, Shen W, Liu Y, Lu Z, Chu C, Qian Q, Zhao M, Tong H. Enhancing rice panicle branching and grain yield through tissue-specific brassinosteroid inhibition. Science 2024; 383:eadk8838. [PMID: 38452087 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk8838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Crop yield potential is constrained by the inherent trade-offs among traits such as between grain size and number. Brassinosteroids (BRs) promote grain size, yet their role in regulating grain number is unclear. By deciphering the clustered-spikelet rice germplasm, we show that activation of the BR catabolic gene BRASSINOSTEROID-DEFICIENT DWARF3 (BRD3) markedly increases grain number. We establish a molecular pathway in which the BR signaling inhibitor GSK3/SHAGGY-LIKE KINASE2 phosphorylates and stabilizes OsMADS1 transcriptional factor, which targets TERMINAL FLOWER1-like gene RICE CENTRORADIALIS2. The tissue-specific activation of BRD3 in the secondary branch meristems enhances panicle branching, minimizing negative effects on grain size, and improves grain yield. Our study showcases the power of tissue-specific hormonal manipulation in dismantling the trade-offs among various traits and thus unleashing crop yield potential in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dapu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dezhuo Pan
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350018, China
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoding Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nana Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weifeng Shen
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350018, China
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350018, China
| | - Zefu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingfu Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350018, China
| | - Hongning Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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10
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Zhu X, Li Y, Zhao X, Feng Y, Bao Z, Liu W, Li F. OsOFP6 Overexpression Alters Plant Architecture, Grain Shape, and Seed Fertility. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2889. [PMID: 38474136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OVATE family proteins (OFPs) play important roles in plant growth and development, hormone signaling, and stress response pathways. However, the functions of OsOFPs in rice are largely unknown. In this study, a novel gain-of-function rice mutant, Osofp6-D, was identified. This mutant exhibited decreased plant height, erect leaves, reduced panicle size, short and wide seeds, delayed seed germination time, and reduced fertility. These phenotypic changes were attributed to the increased expression of OsOFP6, which was caused by a T-DNA insertion. Complementation of the Osofp6-D phenotype by knockout of OsOFP6 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system confirmed that the Osofp6-D phenotype was caused by OsOFP6 overexpression. In addition, transgenic plants overexpressing OsOFP6 with the 35S promoter mimicked the Osofp6-D phenotype. Cytological observations of the glumes showed that OsOFP6 overexpression altered the grain shape, mainly by altering the cell shape. Hormone response experiments showed that OsOFP6 was involved in the gibberellin (GA) and brassinolide (BR) signaling responses. Further studies revealed that OsOFP6 interacts with E3BB, which is orthologous to the Arabidopsis central organ size-control protein BIG BROTHER (BB). This study further elucidates the regulation mechanism of the rice OFP family on plant architecture and grain shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuting Zhu
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xiangqian Zhao
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yukai Feng
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Zhengkai Bao
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Feifei Li
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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11
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Wang X, Wei J, Wu J, Shi B, Wang P, Alabd A, Wang D, Gao Y, Ni J, Bai S, Teng Y. Transcription factors BZR2/MYC2 modulate brassinosteroid and jasmonic acid crosstalk during pear dormancy. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1794-1814. [PMID: 38036294 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Bud dormancy is an important physiological process during winter. Its release requires a certain period of chilling. In pear (Pyrus pyrifolia), the abscisic acid (ABA)-induced expression of DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM) genes represses bud break, whereas exogenous gibberellin (GA) promotes dormancy release. However, with the exception of ABA and GA, the regulatory effects of phytohormones on dormancy remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we confirmed brassinosteroids (BRs) and jasmonic acid (JA) contribute to pear bud dormancy release. If chilling accumulation is insufficient, both 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) and methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA) can promote pear bud break, implying that they positively regulate dormancy release. BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 2 (BZR2), which is a BR-responsive transcription factor, inhibited PpyDAM3 expression and accelerated pear bud break. The transient overexpression of PpyBZR2 increased endogenous GA, JA, and JA-Ile levels. In addition, the direct interaction between PpyBZR2 and MYELOCYTOMATOSIS 2 (PpyMYC2) enhanced the PpyMYC2-mediated activation of Gibberellin 20-oxidase genes PpyGA20OX1L1 and PpyGA20OX2L2 transcription, thereby increasing GA3 contents and accelerating pear bud dormancy release. Interestingly, treatment with 5 μm MeJA increased the bud break rate, while also enhancing PpyMYC2-activated PpyGA20OX expression and increasing GA3,4 contents. The 100 μm MeJA treatment decreased the PpyMYC2-mediated activation of the PpyGA20OX1L1 and PpyGA20OX2L2 promoters and suppressed the inhibitory effect of PpyBZR2 on PpyDAM3 transcription, ultimately inhibiting pear bud break. In summary, our data provide insights into the crosstalk between the BR and JA signaling pathways that regulate the BZR2/MYC2-mediated pathway in the pear dormancy release process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxu Wang
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, PR China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jia Wei
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jiahao Wu
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, PR China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Baojing Shi
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, PR China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Peihui Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ahmed Alabd
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
| | - Duanni Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yuhao Gao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Junbei Ni
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Songling Bai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yuanwen Teng
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, PR China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
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12
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Zhang T, Xing K, Chen J, Sabir IA, Shah K, Chen J, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Hu G, Qin Y. Genetic Analyses of Flower Main Traits from Two Pitayas and Their Progenies: A Cactus Plant. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:699. [PMID: 38475546 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Elucidation of the genetic foundation governing crucial traits in pitaya flowers is imperative for enhancing both the ornamental and economic values. In this study, the dynamic variation in flower genetics, segregation variation patterns, and a mixed inheritance model of the major and multigene flower traits of 'Dahong' and 'Honghuaqinglong' pitayas and their progenies were explored. The results showed that the main traits of flowers exhibited varying degrees of variation among the reciprocal F1 hybrids, with the data exhibiting the characteristics of quantitative traits. The betalain content, petal number, and stigma number exhibited values below the median values of the parents, suggesting a genetic inclination towards lower values. Perianth width, calyx tube width, petal number, and stigma number had the same genetic effects and significant correlation. Stigma-related traits had a clear maternal inheritance tendency. The heritability of flower length, stigma relative to anther distance, and petal betalain content was governed by two pairs of additive-dominant major genes. Perianth width, calyx tube width, petal number, and stigma number all conformed to the model of two pairs of equal-additive-dominant major genes. This study provides valuable information for parental selection, cross-breeding, and the enhancement of pitaya varieties to meet market preferences and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kangmin Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Irfan Ali Sabir
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kamran Shah
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhike Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jietang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guibing Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yonghua Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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13
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Mahapatra K, Mukherjee A, Suyal S, Dar MA, Bhagavatula L, Datta S. Regulation of chloroplast biogenesis, development, and signaling by endogenous and exogenous cues. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:167-183. [PMID: 38623168 PMCID: PMC11016055 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Chloroplasts are one of the defining features in most plants, primarily known for their unique property to carry out photosynthesis. Besides this, chloroplasts are also associated with hormone and metabolite productions. For this, biogenesis and development of chloroplast are required to be synchronized with the seedling growth to corroborate the maximum rate of photosynthesis following the emergence of seedlings. Chloroplast biogenesis and development are dependent on the signaling to and from the chloroplast, which are in turn regulated by several endogenous and exogenous cues. Light and hormones play a crucial role in chloroplast maturation and development. Chloroplast signaling involves a coordinated two-way connection between the chloroplast and nucleus, termed retrograde and anterograde signaling, respectively. Anterograde and retrograde signaling are involved in regulation at the transcriptional level and downstream modifications and are modulated by several metabolic and external cues. The communication between chloroplast and nucleus is essential for plants to develop strategies to cope with various stresses including high light or high heat. In this review, we have summarized several aspects of chloroplast development and its regulation through the interplay of various external and internal factors. We have also discussed the involvement of chloroplasts as sensors of various external environment stress factors including high light and temperature, and communicate via a series of retrograde signals to the nucleus, thus playing an essential role in plants' abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Mahapatra
- Plant Cell and Developmental Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Arpan Mukherjee
- Plant Cell and Developmental Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Shikha Suyal
- Plant Cell and Developmental Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Mansoor Ali Dar
- Plant Cell and Developmental Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | | | - Sourav Datta
- Plant Cell and Developmental Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
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14
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Huang Y, Maurer A, Giehl RFH, Zhao S, Golan G, Thirulogachandar V, Li G, Zhao Y, Trautewig C, Himmelbach A, Börner A, Jayakodi M, Stein N, Mascher M, Pillen K, Schnurbusch T. Dynamic Phytomeric Growth Contributes to Local Adaptation in Barley. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae011. [PMID: 38243866 PMCID: PMC10837018 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular plants have segmented body axes with iterative nodes and internodes. Appropriate node initiation and internode elongation are fundamental to plant fitness and crop yield; however, how these events are spatiotemporally coordinated remains elusive. We show that in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), selections during domestication have extended the apical meristematic phase to promote node initiation, but constrained subsequent internode elongation. In both vegetative and reproductive phases, internode elongation displays a dynamic proximal-distal gradient, and among subpopulations of domesticated barleys worldwide, node initiation and proximal internode elongation are associated with latitudinal and longitudinal gradients, respectively. Genetic and functional analyses suggest that, in addition to their converging roles in node initiation, flowering-time genes have been repurposed to specify the timing and duration of internode elongation. Our study provides an integrated view of barley node initiation and internode elongation and suggests that plant architecture should be recognized as a collection of dynamic phytomeric units in the context of crop adaptive evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyu Huang
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Guy Golan
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | | | - Guoliang Li
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Corinna Trautewig
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Axel Himmelbach
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Andreas Börner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Murukarthick Jayakodi
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Nils Stein
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schnurbusch
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Seeland, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, 06120 Halle, Germany
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15
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Li R, Zhang B, Li T, Yao X, Feng T, Ai H, Huang X. Identification and Characterization of the BZR Transcription Factor Genes Family in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) and Their Expression Profiles in Response to Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:407. [PMID: 38337940 PMCID: PMC10856970 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Brassinazole resistant (BZR) genes act downstream of the brassinosteroid signaling pathway regulating plant growth and development and participating in plant stress responses. However, the BZR gene family has not systematically been characterized in potato. We identified eight BZR genes in Solanum tuberosum, which were distributed among seven chromosomes unequally and were classified into three subgroups. Potato and tomato BZR proteins were shown to be closely related with high levels of similarity. The BZR gene family members in each subgroup contained similar conserved motifs. StBZR genes exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting their functional differentiation during evolution. StBZR4, StBZR7, and StBZR8 were highly expressed under white light in microtubers. StBZR1 showed a progressive up-regulation from 0 to 6 h and a progressive down-regulation from 6 to 24 h after drought and salt stress. StBZR1, StBZR2, StBZR4, StBZR5, StBZR6, StBZR7 and StBZR8 were significantly induced from 0 to 3 h under BR treatment. This implied StBZR genes are involved in phytohormone and stress response signaling pathways. Our results provide a theoretical basis for understanding the functional mechanisms of BZR genes in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruining Li
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Bolin Zhang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Ting Li
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Xuyang Yao
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Hao Ai
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Xianzhong Huang
- Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
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16
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Wang T, Jin Y, Deng L, Li F, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Qu H, Zhang S, Liu Y, Mei H, Luo L, Yan M, Gu M, Xu G. The transcription factor MYB110 regulates plant height, lodging resistance, and grain yield in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:298-323. [PMID: 37847093 PMCID: PMC10827323 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The high-yielding Green Revolution varieties of cereal crops are characterized by a semidwarf architecture and lodging resistance. Plant height is tightly regulated by the availability of phosphate (Pi), yet the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Here, we report that rice (Oryza sativa) R2R3-type Myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factor MYB110 is a Pi-dependent negative regulator of plant height. MYB110 is a direct target of PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE 2 (OsPHR2) and regulates OsPHR2-mediated inhibition of rice height. Inactivation of MYB110 increased culm diameter and bending resistance, leading to enhanced lodging resistance despite increased plant height. Strikingly, the grain yield of myb110 mutants was elevated under both high- and low-Pi regimes. Two divergent haplotypes based on single nucleotide polymorphisms in the putative promoter of MYB110 corresponded with its transcript levels and plant height in response to Pi availability. Thus, fine-tuning MYB110 expression may be a potent strategy for further increasing the yield of Green Revolution cereal crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lixiao Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongye Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shunan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hanwei Mei
- MOA Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- MOA Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Ming Yan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Mian Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
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17
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Lin Z, Yi X, Ali MM, Zhang L, Wang S, Tian S, Chen F. RNAi-Mediated Suppression of OsBBTI5 Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1284. [PMID: 38279284 PMCID: PMC10816146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the impact of RNAi in terms of selectively inhibiting the expression of the OsBBTI5 gene, with the primary objective of uncovering its involvement in the molecular mechanisms associated with salt tolerance in rice. OsBBTI5, belonging to the Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) family gene, is known for its involvement in plant stress responses. The gene was successfully cloned from rice, exhibiting transcriptional self-activation in yeast. A yeast two-hybrid assay confirmed its specific binding to OsAPX2 (an ascorbate peroxidase gene). Transgenic OsBBTI5-RNAi plants displayed insensitivity to varying concentrations of 24-epibrassinolide in the brassinosteroid sensitivity assay. However, they showed reduced root and plant height at high concentrations (10 and 100 µM) of GA3 immersion. Enzyme activity assays revealed increased peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content under 40-60 mM NaCl. Transcriptomic analysis indicated a significant upregulation of photosynthesis-related genes in transgenic plants under salt stress compared to the wild type. Notably, this study provides novel insights, suggesting that the BBI gene is part of the BR signaling pathway, and that OsBBTI5 potentially enhances stress tolerance in transgenic plants through interaction with the salt stress-related gene OsAPX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Lin
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Biotechnology Institute, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Shengnan Tian
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (S.T.)
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.); (S.T.)
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18
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Yang Y, Chu C, Qian Q, Tong H. Leveraging brassinosteroids towards the next Green Revolution. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:86-98. [PMID: 37805340 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of gibberellin-related dwarfing genes significantly increased grain yield during the Green Revolution. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a vital role in regulating agronomic traits and stress resistance. The potential of BR-related genes in crop improvement has been well demonstrated, positioning BRs as crucial targets for the next agricultural biotechnological revolution. However, BRs exert pleiotropic effects on plants, and thus present both opportunities and challenges for their application. Recent research suggests promising strategies for leveraging BR regulatory molecules for crop improvement, such as exploring function-specific genes, identifying beneficial alleles, inducing favorable mutations, and optimizing spatial hormone distribution. Advancing our understanding of the roles of BRs in plants is imperative to implement these strategies effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongning Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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19
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Qiao L, Wu Q, Yuan L, Huang X, Yang Y, Li Q, Shahzad N, Li H, Li W. SMALL PLANT AND ORGAN 1 ( SPO1) Encoding a Cellulose Synthase-like Protein D4 (OsCSLD4) Is an Important Regulator for Plant Architecture and Organ Size in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16974. [PMID: 38069299 PMCID: PMC10707047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant architecture and organ size are considered as important traits in crop breeding and germplasm improvement. Although several factors affecting plant architecture and organ size have been identified in rice, the genetic and regulatory mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we identified and characterized the small plant and organ 1 (spo1) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa), which exhibits narrow and rolled leaf, reductions in plant height, root length, and grain width, and other morphological defects. Map-based cloning revealed that SPO1 is allelic with OsCSLD4, a gene encoding the cellulose synthase-like protein D4, and is highly expressed in the roots at the seedling and tillering stages. Microscopic observation revealed the spo1 mutant had reduced number and width in leaf veins, smaller size of leaf bulliform cells, reduced cell length and cell area in the culm, and decreased width of epidermal cells in the outer glume of the grain. These results indicate the role of SPO1 in modulating cell division and cell expansion, which modulates plant architecture and organ size. It is showed that the contents of endogenous hormones including auxin, abscisic acid, gibberellin, and zeatin tested in the spo1 mutant were significantly altered, compared to the wild type. Furthermore, the transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are significantly enriched in the pathways associated with plant hormone signal transduction, cell cycle progression, and cell wall formation. These results indicated that the loss of SPO1/OsCSLD4 function disrupted cell wall cellulose synthase and hormones homeostasis and signaling, thus leading to smaller plant and organ size in spo1. Taken together, we suggest the functional role of SPO1/OsCSLD4 in the control of rice plant and organ size by modulating cell division and expansion, likely through the effects of multiple hormonal pathways on cell wall formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qilong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Liuzhen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Xudong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Yutao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Qinying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Nida Shahzad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Haifeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (N.S.)
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20
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Zhou M, Li Y, Cheng Z, Zheng X, Cai C, Wang H, Lu K, Zhu C, Ding Y. Important Factors Controlling Gibberellin Homeostasis in Plant Height Regulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15895-15907. [PMID: 37862148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant height is an important agronomic trait that is closely associated with crop yield and quality. Gibberellins (GAs), a class of highly efficient plant growth regulators, play key roles in regulating plant height. Increasing reports indicate that transcriptional regulation is a major point of regulation of the GA pathways. Although substantial knowledge has been gained regarding GA biosynthetic and signaling pathways, important factors contributing to the regulatory mechanisms homeostatically controlling GA levels remain to be elucidated. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge regarding the regulatory network involving transcription factors, noncoding RNAs, and histone modifications involved in GA pathways. We also discuss the mechanisms of interaction between GAs and other hormones in plant height development. Finally, future directions for applying knowledge of the GA hormone in crop breeding are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yakun Li
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhuowei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huizhen Wang
- Huangshan Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Huangshan 242700, China
| | - Kaixing Lu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Agricultural Germplasm Resources Mining and Environmental Regulation, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yanfei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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21
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Rahmati Ishka M, Julkowska M. Tapping into the plasticity of plant architecture for increased stress resilience. F1000Res 2023; 12:1257. [PMID: 38434638 PMCID: PMC10905174 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.140649.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant architecture develops post-embryonically and emerges from a dialogue between the developmental signals and environmental cues. Length and branching of the vegetative and reproductive tissues were the focus of improvement of plant performance from the early days of plant breeding. Current breeding priorities are changing, as we need to prioritize plant productivity under increasingly challenging environmental conditions. While it has been widely recognized that plant architecture changes in response to the environment, its contribution to plant productivity in the changing climate remains to be fully explored. This review will summarize prior discoveries of genetic control of plant architecture traits and their effect on plant performance under environmental stress. We review new tools in phenotyping that will guide future discoveries of genes contributing to plant architecture, its plasticity, and its contributions to stress resilience. Subsequently, we provide a perspective into how integrating the study of new species, modern phenotyping techniques, and modeling can lead to discovering new genetic targets underlying the plasticity of plant architecture and stress resilience. Altogether, this review provides a new perspective on the plasticity of plant architecture and how it can be harnessed for increased performance under environmental stress.
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22
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Jin G, Qi J, Zu H, Liu S, Gershenzon J, Lou Y, Baldwin IT, Li R. Jasmonate-mediated gibberellin catabolism constrains growth during herbivore attack in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:3828-3844. [PMID: 37392473 PMCID: PMC10533328 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant defense against herbivores is costly and often associated with growth repression. The phytohormone jasmonate (JA) plays a central role in prioritizing defense over growth during herbivore attack, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. When brown planthoppers (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) attack rice (Oryza sativa), growth is dramatically suppressed. BPH infestation also increases inactive gibberellin (GA) levels and transcripts of GA 2-oxidase (GA2ox) genes, 2 (GA2ox3 and GA2ox7) of which encode enzymes that catalyze the conversion of bioactive GAs to inactive GAs in vitro and in vivo. Mutation of these GA2oxs diminishes BPH-elicited growth restriction without affecting BPH resistance. Phytohormone profiling and transcriptome analyses revealed that GA2ox-mediated GA catabolism was enhanced by JA signaling. The transcript levels of GA2ox3 and GA2ox7 were significantly attenuated under BPH attack in JA biosynthesis (allene oxide cyclase [aoc]) or signaling-deficient (myc2) mutants. In contrast, GA2ox3 and GA2ox7 expression was increased in MYC2 overexpression lines. MYC2 directly binds to the G-boxes in the promoters of both GA2ox genes to regulate their expression. We conclude that JA signaling simultaneously activates defense responses and GA catabolism to rapidly optimize resource allocation in attacked plants and provides a mechanism for phytohormone crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaochen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinfeng Qi
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hongyue Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ian T Baldwin
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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23
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Yang R, Liu P, Zhang T, Dong H, Jing Y, Yang Z, Tang S, Zhang Y, Lv M, Liu J, Zhang Y, Qiao W, Liu J, Sun J. Plant-specific BLISTER interacts with kinase BIN2 and BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 during skotomorphogenesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:1580-1596. [PMID: 37335918 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids play an essential role in promoting skotomorphogenesis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we report that a plant-specific BLISTER (BLI) protein functions as a positive regulator of both BR signaling and skotomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We found that the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)-like kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 interacts with and phosphorylates BLI at 4 phosphorylation sites (Ser70, Ser146, Thr256, and Ser267) for degradation; in turn, BR inhibits degradation of BLI. Specifically, BLI cooperates with the BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1) transcription factor to facilitate the transcriptional activation of BR-responsive genes. Genetic analyses indicated that BLI is essentially required for BZR1-mediated hypocotyl elongation in the dark. Intriguingly, we reveal that BLI and BZR1 orchestrate the transcriptional expression of gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic genes to promote the production of bioactive GAs. Our results demonstrate that BLI acts as an essential regulator of Arabidopsis skotomorphogenesis by promoting BR signaling and GA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huixue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yexing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sha Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Mingjie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weihua Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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24
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Guo B, Liu M, Yang H, Dai L, Wang L. Brassinosteroids Regulate the Water Deficit and Latex Yield of Rubber Trees. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12857. [PMID: 37629038 PMCID: PMC10454136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassinolide (BR) is an important plant hormone that regulates the growth and development of plants and the formation of yield. The yield and quality of latex from Hevea brasiliensis are regulated by phytohormones. The understanding of gene network regulation mechanism of latex formation in rubber trees is still very limited. In this research, the rubber tree variety CATAS73397 was selected to analyze the relationship between BR, water deficit resistance, and latex yield. The results showed that BR improves the vitality of rubber trees under water deficit by increasing the rate of photosynthesis, reducing the seepage of osmotic regulatory substances, increasing the synthesis of energy substances, and improving the antioxidant system. Furthermore, BR increased the yield and quality of latex by reducing the plugging index and elevating the lutoid bursting index without decreasing mercaptan, sucrose, and inorganic phosphorus. This was confirmed by an increased expression of genes related to latex flow. RNA-seq analysis further indicated that DEG encoded proteins were enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction and sucrose metabolism. Phytohormone content displayed significant differences, in that trans-Zeatin, ethylene, salicylic acid, kinetin, and cytokinin were induced by BR, whereas auxin, abscisic acid, and gibberellin were not. In summary, the current research lays a foundation for comprehending the molecular mechanism of latex formation in rubber trees and explores the potential candidate genes involved in natural rubber biosynthesis to provide useful information for further research in relevant areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Key Laboratory for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation and Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (B.G.); (M.L.); (H.Y.); (L.D.)
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25
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Zang X, Liu J, Zhao J, Liu J, Ren J, Li L, Li X, Yang D. Uncovering mechanisms governing stem growth in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with varying plant heights through integrated transcriptome and metabolomics analyses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 287:154052. [PMID: 37454530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for stem growth in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars with varying plant heights remain unclear, despite the significant impact of plant height on peanut yield. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of peanut stem growth using phenotypic, physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. The findings revealed that the tallest cultivar, HY33, exhibited the highest rate of stem growth and accumulated the most stem dry matter, followed by the intermediate cultivar, SH108, while the dwarf cultivar, Df216, displayed the lowest values. Furthermore, SH108 exhibited a higher harvest index, as well as superior pod and kernel yields compared to both HY33 and Df216. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) associated with phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis. Notably, downregulated DEGs in Df216/HY33 and Df216/SH108 included phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase (COMT), and ferulate-5-hydroxylase (F5H), while downregulated DEMs included p-coumaryl alcohol, chlorogenic acid, and L-epicatechin. Compared to HY33, the reduced activities of PAL, COMT, and F5H resulted in a decreased stem lignin content in Df216. Additionally, downregulated DEGs involved in gibberellin (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis were identified in Df216/HY33, which contributed to the lowest levels of GA1, GA3, and BR contents in Df216. The results suggest that the dwarf phenotype arises from impaired GA and BR biosynthesis and signaling, resulting in a slower stem growth rate and reduced lignin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Zang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Industrial Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Jihao Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jinfeng Ren
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Liuyin Li
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Dongqing Yang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Wang Y, Lei B, Deng H, Liu X, Dong Y, Chen W, Lu X, Chen G, Zhang G, Tang W, Xiao Y. Exogenous Abscisic Acid Affects the Heat Tolerance of Rice Seedlings by Influencing the Accumulation of ROS. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1404. [PMID: 37507943 PMCID: PMC10376659 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) has become one of the major abiotic stresses that severely constrain rice growth. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in plant development and stress response. However, the effect of different concentrations of exogenous ABA on HS tolerance in rice still needs to be further elucidated. Here, we found that high concentrations of exogenous ABA increased HS damage in seedlings, whereas 10-12 M ABA treatment increased fresh and dry weight under HS relative to mock seedlings. Our further data showed that, in response to HS, 10-5 M, ABA-treated seedlings exhibited a lower chlorophyll content, as well as transcript levels of chlorophyll biosynthesis and antioxidant genes, and increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the transcript abundance of some heat-, defense-, and ABA-related genes was downregulated on 10-5 M ABA-treated seedlings under HS. In conclusion, high concentrations of exogenous ABA reduced the HS tolerance of rice seedlings, and this negative effect could be achieved by regulating the accumulation of ROS, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and the transcription levels of key genes in seedlings under HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bin Lei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Huabing Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yating Dong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xuedan Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guihua Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guilian Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenbang Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice and Rapeseed Breeding for Disease Resistance, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Li Q, Luo S, Zhang L, Feng Q, Song L, Sapkota M, Xuan S, Wang Y, Zhao J, van der Knaap E, Chen X, Shen S. Molecular and genetic regulations of fleshy fruit shape and lessons from Arabidopsis and rice. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad108. [PMID: 37577396 PMCID: PMC10419822 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Fleshy fruit shape is an important external quality trait influencing the usage of fruits and consumer preference. Thus, modification of fruit shape has become one of the major objectives for crop improvement. However, the underlying mechanisms of fruit shape regulation are poorly understood. In this review we summarize recent progress in the genetic basis of fleshy fruit shape regulation using tomato, cucumber, and peach as examples. Comparative analyses suggest that the OFP-TRM (OVATE Family Protein - TONNEAU1 Recruiting Motif) and IQD (IQ67 domain) pathways are probably conserved in regulating fruit shape by primarily modulating cell division patterns across fleshy fruit species. Interestingly, cucumber homologs of FRUITFULL (FUL1), CRABS CLAW (CRC) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 2 (ACS2) were found to regulate fruit elongation. We also outline the recent progress in fruit shape regulation mediated by OFP-TRM and IQD pathways in Arabidopsis and rice, and propose that the OFP-TRM pathway and IQD pathway coordinate regulate fruit shape through integration of phytohormones, including brassinosteroids, gibberellic acids, and auxin, and microtubule organization. In addition, functional redundancy and divergence of the members of each of the OFP, TRM, and IQD families are also shown. This review provides a general overview of current knowledge in fruit shape regulation and discusses the possible mechanisms that need to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Shuangxia Luo
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, Institute for Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lijun Song
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Manoj Sapkota
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, Institute for Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Shuxin Xuan
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Esther van der Knaap
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, Institute for Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xueping Chen
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Shuxing Shen
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
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28
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Tong H, Chu C. Coordinating gibberellin and brassinosteroid signaling beyond Green Revolution. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:459-461. [PMID: 37121378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongning Tong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Chengcai Chu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
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29
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Basu U, Parida SK. Restructuring plant types for developing tailor-made crops. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:1106-1122. [PMID: 34260135 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants have adapted to different environmental niches by fine-tuning the developmental factors working together to regulate traits. Variations in the developmental factors result in a wide range of quantitative variations in these traits that helped plants survive better. The major developmental pathways affecting plant architecture are also under the control of such pathways. Most notable are the CLAVATA-WUSCHEL pathway regulating shoot apical meristem fate, GID1-DELLA module influencing plant height and tillering, LAZY1-TAC1 module controlling branch/tiller angle and the TFL1-FT determining the floral fate in plants. Allelic variants of these key regulators selected during domestication shaped the crops the way we know them today. There is immense yield potential in the 'ideal plant architecture' of a crop. With the available genome-editing techniques, possibilities are not restricted to naturally occurring variations. Using a transient reprogramming system, one can screen the effect of several developmental gene expressions in novel ecosystems to identify the best targets. We can use the plant's fine-tuning mechanism for customizing crops to specific environments. The process of crop domestication can be accelerated with a proper understanding of these developmental pathways. It is time to step forward towards the next-generation molecular breeding for restructuring plant types in crops ensuring yield stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udita Basu
- Genomics-Assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- Genomics-Assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
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30
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Dong H, Li D, Yang R, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Liu X, Kong X, Sun J. GSK3 phosphorylates and regulates the Green Revolution protein Rht-B1b to reduce plant height in wheat. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1970-1983. [PMID: 36945740 PMCID: PMC10226569 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of stabilized DELLA proteins Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b was crucial for increasing wheat (Triticum aestivum) productivity during the Green Revolution. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. Here, we cloned a gain-of-function allele of the GSK3/SHAGGY-like kinase-encoding gene GSK3 by characterizing a dwarf wheat mutant. Furthermore, we determined that GSK3 interacts with and phosphorylates the Green Revolution protein Rht-B1b to promote it to reduce plant height in wheat. Specifically, phosphorylation by GSK3 may enhance the activity and stability of Rht-B1b, allowing it to inhibit the activities of its target transcription factors. Taken together, we reveal a positive regulatory mechanism for the Green Revolution protein Rht-B1b by GSK3, which might have contributed to the Green Revolution in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Danping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruizhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiuying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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31
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Riekötter J, Oklestkova J, Muth J, Twyman RM, Epping J. Transcriptomic analysis of Chinese yam ( Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.) variants indicates brassinosteroid involvement in tuber development. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1112793. [PMID: 37215221 PMCID: PMC10196131 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1112793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dioscorea is an important but underutilized genus of flowering plants that grows predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions. Several species, known as yam, develop large underground tubers and aerial bulbils that are used as food. The Chinese yam (D. polystachya Turcz.) is one of the few Dioscorea species that grows well in temperate regions and has been proposed as a climate-resilient crop to enhance food security in Europe. However, the fragile, club-like tubers are unsuitable for mechanical harvesting, which is facilitated by shorter and thicker storage organs. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a key role in plant cell division, cell elongation and proliferation, as well as in the gravitropic response. We collected RNA-Seq data from the head, middle and tip of two tuber shape variants: F60 (long, thin) and F2000 (short, thick). Comparative transcriptome analysis of F60 vs. F2000 revealed 30,229 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 1,393 of which were differentially expressed in the growing tip. Several DEGs are involved in steroid/BR biosynthesis or signaling, or may be regulated by BRs. The quantification of endogenous BRs revealed higher levels of castasterone (CS), 28-norCS, 28-homoCS and brassinolide in F2000 compared to F60 tubers. The highest BR levels were detected in the growing tip, and CS was the most abundant (439.6 ± 196.41 pmol/g in F2000 and 365.6 ± 112.78 pmol/g in F60). Exogenous 24-epi-brassinolide (epi-BL) treatment (20 nM) in an aeroponic system significantly increased the width-to-length ratio (0.045 ± 0.002) compared to the mock-treated plants (0.03 ± 0.002) after 7 weeks, indicating that exogenous epi-BL produces shorter and thicker tubers. In this study we demonstrate the role of BRs in D. polystachya tuber shape, providing insight into the role of plant hormones in yam storage organ development. We found that BRs can influence tuber shape in Chinese yam by regulating the expression of genes involved cell expansion. Our data can help to improve the efficiency of Chinese yam cultivation, which could provide an alternative food source and thus contribute to future food security in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Riekötter
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jana Oklestkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, The Czech Academy of Science, Institute of Experimental Botany and Palacký University, Faculty of Science, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jost Muth
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Janina Epping
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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32
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Song L, Liu J, Cao B, Liu B, Zhang X, Chen Z, Dong C, Liu X, Zhang Z, Wang W, Chai L, Liu J, Zhu J, Cui S, He F, Peng H, Hu Z, Su Z, Guo W, Xin M, Yao Y, Yan Y, Song Y, Bai G, Sun Q, Ni Z. Reducing brassinosteroid signalling enhances grain yield in semi-dwarf wheat. Nature 2023; 617:118-124. [PMID: 37100915 PMCID: PMC10156601 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Modern green revolution varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) confer semi-dwarf and lodging-resistant plant architecture owing to the Reduced height-B1b (Rht-B1b) and Rht-D1b alleles1. However, both Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b are gain-of-function mutant alleles encoding gibberellin signalling repressors that stably repress plant growth and negatively affect nitrogen-use efficiency and grain filling2-5. Therefore, the green revolution varieties of wheat harbouring Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b usually produce smaller grain and require higher nitrogen fertilizer inputs to maintain their grain yields. Here we describe a strategy to design semi-dwarf wheat varieties without the need for Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b alleles. We discovered that absence of Rht-B1 and ZnF-B (encoding a RING-type E3 ligase) through a natural deletion of a haploblock of about 500 kilobases shaped semi-dwarf plants with more compact plant architecture and substantially improved grain yield (up to 15.2%) in field trials. Further genetic analysis confirmed that the deletion of ZnF-B induced the semi-dwarf trait in the absence of the Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b alleles through attenuating brassinosteroid (BR) perception. ZnF acts as a BR signalling activator to facilitate proteasomal destruction of the BR signalling repressor BRI1 kinase inhibitor 1 (TaBKI1), and loss of ZnF stabilizes TaBKI1 to block BR signalling transduction. Our findings not only identified a pivotal BR signalling modulator but also provided a creative strategy to design high-yield semi-dwarf wheat varieties by manipulating the BR signal pathway to sustain wheat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Song
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Beilu Cao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyan Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoqun Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangqing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoheng Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Chai
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shubin Cui
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei He
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqi Su
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weilong Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Yan
- National Observation and Research Station of Agriculture Green Development (Quzhou, Hebei), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinming Song
- National Observation and Research Station of Agriculture Green Development (Quzhou, Hebei), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guihua Bai
- USDA-ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Sheikhi S, Ebrahimi A, Heidari P, Amerian MR, Rashidi-Monfared S, Alipour H. Exogenous 24-epibrassinolide ameliorates tolerance to high-temperature by adjusting the biosynthesis of pigments, enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and diosgenin content in fenugreek. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6661. [PMID: 37095206 PMCID: PMC10125993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
High-temperature stress is widely considered a main plant-growth-limiting factor. The positive effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) as analogs of brassinosteroids (BRs) in modulating abiotic stresses have led this hormone to be referred to as a growth regulator in plants. The current study highlights the influence of EBR on enhancing tolerance to high-temperature and altering the diosgenin content in fenugreek. Different amounts of EBR (4, 8, and 16 μM), harvesting times (6, and 24 h), as well as temperature regimes (23 °C, and 42 °C) were, used as treatments. EBR application under normal temperature and high-temperature stress resulted in decreased malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage percentage, while the activity of antioxidant enzymes improved significantly. Exogenous EBR application possibly contributes to activating the nitric oxide, H2O2, and ABA-dependent pathways, enhancing the biosynthesis of abscisic acid and auxin, and regulating the signal transduction pathways, which raises fenugreek tolerance to high-temperature. The SQS (eightfold), SEP (2.8-fold), CAS (11-fold), SMT (17-fold), and SQS (sixfold) expression, considerably increased following EBR application (8 μM) compared to the control. Compared to the control, when the short-term (6 h) high-temperature stress was accompanied by EBR (8 μM), a sixfold increase in diosgenin content was achieved. Our findings highlight the potential role of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide in mitigating the high-temperature stress in fenugreek by stimulating the biosynthesis processes of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, chlorophylls, and diosgenin. In conclusion, the current results could be of utmost importance in breeding or biotechnology-based programs of fenugreek and also in the researches related to the engineering of the biosynthesis pathway of diosgenin in this valuable plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Sheikhi
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
| | - Amin Ebrahimi
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Parviz Heidari
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohamad Reza Amerian
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sajad Rashidi-Monfared
- Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Alipour
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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Mahto A, Yadav A, P V A, Parida SK, Tyagi AK, Agarwal P. Cytological, transcriptome and miRNome temporal landscapes decode enhancement of rice grain size. BMC Biol 2023; 21:91. [PMID: 37076907 PMCID: PMC10116700 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01577-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice grain size (GS) is an essential agronomic trait. Though several genes and miRNA modules influencing GS are known and seed development transcriptomes analyzed, a comprehensive compendium connecting all possible players is lacking. This study utilizes two contrasting GS indica rice genotypes (small-grained SN and large-grained LGR). Rice seed development involves five stages (S1-S5). Comparative transcriptome and miRNome atlases, substantiated with morphological and cytological studies, from S1-S5 stages and flag leaf have been analyzed to identify GS proponents. RESULTS Histology shows prolonged endosperm development and cell enlargement in LGR. Stand-alone and comparative RNAseq analyses manifest S3 (5-10 days after pollination) stage as crucial for GS enhancement, coherently with cell cycle, endoreduplication, and programmed cell death participating genes. Seed storage protein and carbohydrate accumulation, cytologically and by RNAseq, is shown to be delayed in LGR. Fourteen transcription factor families influence GS. Pathway genes for four phytohormones display opposite patterns of higher expression. A total of 186 genes generated from the transcriptome analyses are located within GS trait-related QTLs deciphered by a cross between SN and LGR. Fourteen miRNA families express specifically in SN or LGR seeds. Eight miRNA-target modules display contrasting expressions amongst SN and LGR, while 26 (SN) and 43 (LGR) modules are differentially expressed in all stages. CONCLUSIONS Integration of all analyses concludes in a "Domino effect" model for GS regulation highlighting chronology and fruition of each event. This study delineates the essence of GS regulation, providing scope for future exploits. The rice grain development database (RGDD) ( www.nipgr.ac.in/RGDD/index.php ; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7762870 ) has been developed for easy access of data generated in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Mahto
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Antima Yadav
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Aswathi P V
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Akhilesh K Tyagi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Pinky Agarwal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India.
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Lan D, Cao L, Liu M, Ma F, Yan P, Zhang X, Hu J, Niu F, He S, Cui J, Yuan X, Yang J, Wang Y, Luo X. The identification and characterization of a plant height and grain length related gene hfr131 in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1152196. [PMID: 37035088 PMCID: PMC10080003 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1152196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant height and grain size are important agronomic traits affecting rice yield. Various plant hormones participate in the regulation of plant height and grain size in rice. However, how these hormones cooperate to regulate plant height and grain size is poorly understood. In this study, we identified a brassinosteroid-related gene, hfr131, from an introgression line constructed using Oryza longistaminata, that caused brassinosteroid insensitivity and reduced plant height and grain length in rice. Further study showed that hfr131 is a new allele of OsBRI1 with a single-nucleotide polymorphism (G to A) in the coding region, leading to a T988I conversion at a conserved site of the kinase domain. By combining yeast one-hybrid assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR and gene expression quantification, we demonstrated that OsARF17, an auxin response factor, could bind to the promoter region of HFR131 and positively regulated HFR131 expression, thereby regulating the plant height and grain length, and influencing brassinosteroid sensitivity. Haplotype analysis showed that the consociation of OsAFR17Hap1 /HFR131Hap6 conferred an increase in grain length. Overall, this study identified hfr131 as a new allele of OsBRI1 that regulates plant height and grain length in rice, revealed that brassinosteroid and auxin might coordinate through OsARF17-HFR131 interaction, and provided a potential breeding target for improvement of rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Cao
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiwen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Crop Breeding and Cultivation, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicong He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Liu D, Zhang X, Li Q, Xiao Y, Zhang G, Yin W, Niu M, Meng W, Dong N, Liu J, Yang Y, Xie Q, Chu C, Tong H. The U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 promotes brassinosteroid-induced GSK2 degradation in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100450. [PMID: 36127877 PMCID: PMC10030317 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroid hormones with great potential for use in crop improvement. De-repression is usually one of the key events in hormone signaling. However, how the stability of GSK2, the central negative regulator of BR signaling in rice (Oryza sativa), is regulated by BRs remains elusive. Here, we identify the U-box ubiquitin ligase TUD1 as a GSK2-interacting protein by yeast two-hybrid screening. We show that TUD1 is able to directly interact with GSK2 and ubiquitinate the protein. Phenotypes of the tud1 mutant are highly similar to those of plants with constitutively activated GSK2. Consistent with this finding, GSK2 protein accumulates in the tud1 mutant compared with the wild type. In addition, inhibition of BR synthesis promotes GSK2 accumulation and suppresses TUD1 stability. By contrast, BRs can induce GSK2 degradation but promote TUD1 accumulation. Furthermore, the GSK2 degradation process is largely impaired in tud1 in response to BR. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the role of TUD1 in BR-induced GSK2 degradation, thereby advancing our understanding of a critical step in the BR signaling pathway of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapu Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoxing Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guoxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenchao Yin
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mei Niu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenjing Meng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nana Dong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongning Tong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China.
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37
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Zhang G, Liu Y, Xie Q, Tong H, Chu C. Crosstalk between brassinosteroid signaling and variable nutrient environments. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023:10.1007/s11427-022-2319-0. [PMID: 36907968 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) represents a group of steroid hormones that regulate plant growth and development as well as environmental adaptation. The fluctuation of external nutrient elements is a situation that plants frequently face in the natural environment, in which nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two of the most critical nutrients restraint of the early growth of plants. As the macronutrients, N and P are highly required by plants, but their availability or solubility in the soil is relatively low. Since iron (Fe) and P always modulate each other's content and function in plants mutually antagonistically, the regulatory mechanisms of Fe and P are inextricably linked. Recently, BR has emerged as a critical regulator in nutrient acquisition and phenotypic plasticity in response to the variable nutrient levels in Arabidopsis and rice. Here, we review the current understanding of the crosstalk between BR and the three major nutrients (N, P, and Fe), highlighting how nutrient signaling regulates BR synthesis and signaling to accommodate plant growth and development in Arabidopsis and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qingjun Xie
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongning Tong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Chengcai Chu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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38
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Dang X, Jing C, Zhang M, Li X, Xu Q, Hu C, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang D, Hong D, Jiang J. A new allele PEL9 GG identified by genome-wide association study increases panicle elongation length in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136549. [PMID: 36875592 PMCID: PMC9978329 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Considering the male sterile line has the phenomenon of panicle enclosure, panicle elongation length (PEL) plays an important role in hybrid rice seed production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the PEL phenotypic values of 353 rice accessions across six environments, which shows abundant phenotypic variation. Combining the 1.3 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms, we performed a genome-wide association study on PEL. Three quantitative trait loci (QTL) qPEL4, qPEL6, and qPEL9 were identified as significantly associated with PEL, of which qPEL4 and qPEL6 were previously reported QTLs and qPEL9 was novel. One causal gene locus, PEL9, was identified and validated. The PEL of accessions carrying allele PEL9 GG was significantly longer than that of those carrying allele PEL9 TT. We also demonstrated that the outcrossing rate of female parents carrying allele PEL9 GG increased by 14.81% compared with that of the isogenic line carrying allele PEL9 TT in an F1 hybrid seed production field. The allele frequency of PEL9GG increased gradually with an increase in latitude in the Northern Hemisphere. Our results should facilitate the improvement of the PEL of the female parent of hybrid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Dang
- Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Chunyu Jing
- Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinru Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Changmin Hu
- Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yulong Li
- Institute of Crop Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Dezheng Wang
- Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Delin Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Jiang
- Institute of Rice Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
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Li Z, Liu J, Wang X, Wang J, Ye J, Xu S, Zhang Y, Hu D, Zhang M, Xu Q, Wang S, Yang Y, Wei X, Feng Y, Wang S. LG5, a Novel Allele of EUI1, Regulates Grain Size and Flag Leaf Angle in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:675. [PMID: 36771759 PMCID: PMC9921835 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Grain size and flag leaf angle are two important traits that determining grain yield in rice. However, the mechanisms regulating these two traits remain largely unknown. In this study, a rice long grain 5 (lg5) mutant with a large flag leaf angle was identified, and map-based cloning revealed that a single base substitution followed by a 2 bp insertion in the LOC_Os05g40384 gene resulted in larger grains, a larger flag leaf angle, and higher plant height than the wild type. Sequence analysis revealed that lg5 is a novel allele of elongated uppermost internode-1 (EUI1), which encodes a cytochrome P450 protein. Functional complementation and overexpression tests showed that LG5 can rescue the bigger grain size and larger flag leaf angle in the Xiushui11 (XS) background. Knockdown of the LG5 transcription level by RNA interference resulted in elevated grain size and flag leaf angle in the Nipponbare (NIP) background. Morphological and cellular analyses suggested that LG5 regulated grain size and flag leaf angle by promoting cell expansion and cell proliferation. Our results provided new insight into the functions of EUI1 in rice, especially in regulating grain size and flag leaf angle, indicating a potential target for the improvement of rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Junrong Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Junhua Ye
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Siliang Xu
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Dongxiu Hu
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Mengchen Zhang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yaolong Yang
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xinghua Wei
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement and State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Xu M, Wang Y, Zhang M, Chen M, Ni Y, Xu X, Xu S, Li Y, Zhang X. Genome-Wide Identification of BES1 Gene Family in Six Cucurbitaceae Species and Its Expression Analysis in Cucurbita moschata. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032287. [PMID: 36768611 PMCID: PMC9916444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The BES1 (BRI1-EMSSUPPRESSOR1) gene family play a vital role in the BR (brassinosteroid) signaling pathway, which is involved in the growth and development, biotic, abiotic, and hormone stress response in many plants. However, there are few reports of BES1 in Cucurbita moschata. In this study, 50 BES1 genes were identified in six Cucurbitaceae species by genome-wide analysis, which could be classified into 3 groups according to their gene structural features and motif compositions, and 13 CmoBES1 genes in Cucurbita moschata were mapped on 10 chromosomes. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the CmoBES1 genes displayed differential expression under different abiotic stress and hormone treatments. Subcellular localization showed that the most of CmoBES1 proteins localized in nucleus and cytoplasm, and transactivation assay indicated 9 CmoBES1 proteins played roles as transcription factors. Our analysis of BES1s diversity, localization, and expression in Curcubitaceae contributes to the better understanding of the essential roles of these transcription factors in plants.
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Huang P, Zhao J, Hong J, Zhu B, Xia S, Zhu E, Han P, Zhang K. Cytokinins regulate rice lamina joint development and leaf angle. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:56-69. [PMID: 36031806 PMCID: PMC9806582 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf angle is determined by lamina joint inclination and is an important agronomic trait that determines plant architecture, photosynthetic efficiency, and crop yield. Cytokinins (CKs) are phytohormones involved in shaping rice (Oryza sativa L.) architecture, but their role in leaf angle remains unknown. Here, we report that CK accumulation mediated by rice CK OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE3 (OsCKX3) controls lamina joint development and negatively regulates leaf angle. Phenotypic analysis showed that rice osckx3 mutants had smaller leaf angles, while the overexpression lines (OsCKX3-OE) had larger leaf angles. Histological sections indicated that the leaf inclination changes in the osckx3 and OsCKX3-OE lines resulted from asymmetric proliferation of the cells and vascular bundles in the lamina joint. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR, promoter-fused β-glucuronidase expression, and subcellular localization assays indicated that OsCKX3 was highly expressed in the lamina joint, and OsCKX3-GFP fusion protein localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The enzyme assays using recombinant protein OsCKX3 revealed that OsCKX3 prefers trans-zeatin (tZ) and isopentenyladenine (iP). Consistently, tZ and iP levels increased in the osckx3 mutants but decreased in the OsCKX3 overexpression lines. Interestingly, agronomic trait analysis of the rice grown in the paddy field indicated that osckx3 displayed a smaller leaf angle and enhanced primary branch number, grain size, 1,000-grain weight, and flag leaf size. Collectively, our results revealed that enhancing CK levels in the lamina joint by disrupting OsCKX3 negatively regulates leaf angle, highlighting that the CK pathway can be engineered to reduce leaf angle in rice and possibly in other cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Institute of Plant Stress Adaptation and Genetic Enhancement, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiangzhe Zhao
- Institute of Plant Stress Adaptation and Genetic Enhancement, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiale Hong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Bao Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Shuai Xia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Engao Zhu
- Institute of Plant Stress Adaptation and Genetic Enhancement, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Pingfei Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Institute of Plant Stress Adaptation and Genetic Enhancement, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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Wang H, Jiao X, Zhang X, Zhang M, Liu Y, Chen X, Fang R, Yan Y. Ammonium protects rice against rice stripe virus by activating HDA703/OsBZR1-mediated BR signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 326:111504. [PMID: 36272547 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) is a major inorganic nitrogen source for plants and also as a signal regulates plant growth and defense. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroid hormones that control plant developmental and physiological processes through its signaling pathway. Rice is a kind of NH4+-preferring plant which responds to virus infection involving in the regulation of BR biosynthesis and signaling. However, the BR-mediated regulatory mechanisms in rice-virus interactions are not fully understood. In addition, it remains unknown whether there is a direct link between NH4+ and BRs in regulating rice response to virus. HDA703, a histone deacetylase and OsBZR1, a transcription factor, are two positive regulator of BR signaling and interact with each other. In this study, we show that rice plants grown with NH4+ as the sole N source have enhanced resistance to rice stripe virus (RSV), one of the most devastating viruses of rice, than those grown with NO3- as the sole N source. We also show that in contrast to NO3-, NH4+ does not affect BR biosynthesis but promotes BR signaling by upregulating the expression of HDA703 and promoting the accumulation of OsBZR1 in rice shoots. We further show that BR biosynthesis and signaling is required for rice defense against RSV and BR-mediated resistance to RSV attributes to activating HDA703/OsBZR1 module, then decreasing the expression of Ghd7, a direct target of HDA703/OsBZR1. Consistently, increase of the expression of HDA703 or decrease of the expression of Ghd7 enhances rice resistance to RSV. Together, our study reveals that activation of HDA703/OsBZR1-Ghd7 signaling cascade is an undescribed mechanism conferring BR-mediated RSV resistance and NH4+ protects rice against RSV by activating HDA703/OsBZR1-Ghd7-mediated BR signaling in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huacai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoming Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yawen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rongxiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yongsheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Narawatthana S, Phansenee Y, Thammasamisorn BO, Vejchasarn P. Multi-model genome-wide association studies of leaf anatomical traits and vein architecture in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1107718. [PMID: 37123816 PMCID: PMC10130391 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1107718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The anatomy of rice leaves is closely related to photosynthesis and grain yield. Therefore, exploring insight into the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and alleles related to rice flag leaf anatomical and vein traits is vital for rice improvement. Methods Here, we aimed to explore the genetic architecture of eight flag leaf traits using one single-locus model; mixed-linear model (MLM), and two multi-locus models; fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) and Bayesian information and linkage disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway (BLINK). We performed multi-model GWAS using 329 rice accessions of RDP1 with 700K single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. Results The phenotypic correlation results indicated that rice flag leaf thickness was strongly correlated with leaf mesophyll cells layer (ML) and thickness of both major and minor veins. All three models were able to identify several significant loci associated with the traits. MLM identified three non-synonymous SNPs near NARROW LEAF 1 (NAL1) in association with ML and the distance between minor veins (IVD) traits. Discussion Several numbers of significant SNPs associated with known gene function in leaf development and yield traits were detected by multi-model GWAS performed in this study. Our findings indicate that flag leaf traits could be improved via molecular breeding and can be one of the targets in high-yield rice development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supatthra Narawatthana
- Rice Department, Thailand Rice Science Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Suphan Buri, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Supatthra Narawatthana,
| | - Yotwarit Phansenee
- Ubon Ratchathani Rice Research Center, Rice Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Bang-On Thammasamisorn
- Rice Department, Thailand Rice Science Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Suphan Buri, Thailand
| | - Phanchita Vejchasarn
- Ubon Ratchathani Rice Research Center, Rice Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
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Plitsi PK, Samakovli D, Roka L, Rampou A, Panagiotopoulos K, Koudounas K, Isaioglou I, Haralampidis K, Rigas S, Hatzopoulos P, Milioni D. GA-Mediated Disruption of RGA/BZR1 Complex Requires HSP90 to Promote Hypocotyl Elongation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010088. [PMID: 36613530 PMCID: PMC9820706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circuitries of signaling pathways integrate distinct hormonal and environmental signals, and influence development in plants. While a crosstalk between brassinosteroid (BR) and gibberellin (GA) signaling pathways has recently been established, little is known about other components engaged in the integration of the two pathways. Here, we provide supporting evidence for the role of HSP90 (HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90) in regulating the interplay of the GA and BR signaling pathways to control hypocotyl elongation of etiolated seedlings in Arabidopsis. Both pharmacological and genetic depletion of HSP90 alter the expression of GA biosynthesis and catabolism genes. Major components of the GA pathway, like RGA (REPRESSOR of ga1-3) and GAI (GA-INSENSITIVE) DELLA proteins, have been identified as physically interacting with HSP90. Interestingly, GA-promoted DELLA degradation depends on the ATPase activity of HSP90, and inhibition of HSP90 function stabilizes the DELLA/BZR1 (BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1) complex, modifying the expression of downstream transcriptional targets. Our results collectively reveal that HSP90, through physical interactions with DELLA proteins and BZR1, modulates DELLA abundance and regulates the expression of BZR1-dependent transcriptional targets to promote plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Despina Samakovli
- Biotechnology Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Loukia Roka
- Biotechnology Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Aggeliki Rampou
- Biotechnology Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Virology, Scientific Directorate of Phytopathology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Ioannis Isaioglou
- Biology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Kosmas Haralampidis
- Biology Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatis Rigas
- Biotechnology Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Polydefkis Hatzopoulos
- Biotechnology Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (D.M.); Tel.: +30-210-5294321 (P.H.); +30-210-5294348 (D.M.)
| | - Dimitra Milioni
- Biotechnology Department, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (D.M.); Tel.: +30-210-5294321 (P.H.); +30-210-5294348 (D.M.)
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Li B, Li Y, Qiu M, Dong H, Li X, Liu X, He C, Li L. OsSRK1, a lectin receptor-like kinase, controls plant height by mediating internode elongation in Oryza sativa L. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:74. [PMID: 37313323 PMCID: PMC10248599 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
LecRLKs (lectin receptor-like kinases) is a subfamily of RLKs (receptor like kinase) and takes part in mounds of biological processes in plant-environment interaction. However, the roles of LecRLKs in plant development are still elusive. Here, we showed that OsSRK1, belonging to LecRLK family in rice, had a relative higher expression in internode and stem in comparison with that in root and leaf. Importantly, srk1-1 and srk1-2, two genome-edited mutants of OsSRK1 using CRISPR/Cas9 system, exhibited obviously a decreased plant height and shorter length of the first internode and second internode compared with those in WT. Subsequently, histochemical sectioning showed that the stem diameter and the cell length in stem are significantly reduced in srk1-1 and srk1-2 compared with WT. Moreover, analyzing the expression of four gibberellin biosynthesis related genes showed that CPS, KAO, KS1, and GA3ox2 expression had similar levels between WT and mutants. Importantly, we further verified that OsSRK1 can directly interact with gibberellin receptor GID1. Together, our results revealed that LecRLKs family member OsSRK1 positively regulated plant height by controlling internode elongation which maybe depended on OsSRK1-GID1 interaction mediated gibberellin signaling transduction. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01340-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mudan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiushan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongsheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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Chen J, Huang Y, Liu X, Chen G, Liu L, Cheng Z, Song W, Han L, Wang S, Wang L, Li M, Zhang X, Zhao J. CsIAGLU Regulates the Angle of Leaf Petiole by Affecting Endogenous Content of Auxin in Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122216. [PMID: 36553483 PMCID: PMC9777852 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaf angle is an important factor determining plant shoot architecture that may boost crop yield by increasing photosynthetic efficiency and facilitating high-density planting. Auxin is an important phytohormone involved in leaf angle regulation. Here, we identified two Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Indoleacetic Acid (IAA) glucosyltransferase gene CsIAGLU in 80 re-sequenced cucumber lines, of which the CsIAGLU717G,1234T is the dominant allele associated with a small leaf pedicle angle (LPA), whereas CsIAGLU717C,1234A is linked with a large LPA. CsIAGLU was highly expressed in leaves and petioles. In natural cucumber populations, the expression of CsIAGLU was negatively correlated with the LPA. The mutation of CsIAGLU induced by the CRISPR-Cas9 system resulted in elevated free IAA levels and enlarged cell expansion on the adaxial side of the petiole base, thus producing a greater LPA. Consistently, exogenous IAA treatment led to increased LPA and cell size. Therefore, our findings suggest that CsIAGLU functions as a negative regulator of LPA development via auxin-mediated cell expansion in cucumber, providing a valuable strategy for cucumber breeding with small LPAs.
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Manipulating GA-Related Genes for Cereal Crop Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214046. [PMID: 36430524 PMCID: PMC9696284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The global population is projected to experience a rapid increase in the future, which poses a challenge to global food sustainability. The "Green Revolution" beginning in the 1960s allowed grain yield to reach two billion tons in 2000 due to the introduction of semi-dwarfing genes in cereal crops. Semi-dwarfing genes reduce the gibberellin (GA) signal, leading to short plant stature, which improves the lodging resistance and harvest index under modern fertilization practices. Here, we reviewed the literature on the function of GA in plant growth and development, and the role of GA-related genes in controlling key agronomic traits that contribute to grain yield in cereal crops. We showed that: (1) GA is a significant phytohormone in regulating plant development and reproduction; (2) GA metabolism and GA signalling pathways are two key components in GA-regulated plant growth; (3) GA interacts with other phytohormones manipulating plant development and reproduction; and (4) targeting GA signalling pathways is an effective genetic solution to improve agronomic traits in cereal crops. We suggest that the modification of GA-related genes and the identification of novel alleles without a negative impact on yield and adaptation are significant in cereal crop breeding for plant architecture improvement. We observed that an increasing number of GA-related genes and their mutants have been functionally validated, but only a limited number of GA-related genes have been genetically modified through conventional breeding tools and are widely used in crop breeding successfully. New genome editing technologies, such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system, hold the promise of validating the effectiveness of GA-related genes in crop development and opening a new venue for efficient and accelerated crop breeding.
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Zhu T, van Zanten M, De Smet I. Wandering between hot and cold: temperature dose-dependent responses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:1124-1133. [PMID: 35810070 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants in most natural habitats are exposed to a continuously changing environment, including fluctuating temperatures. Temperature variations can trigger acclimation or tolerance responses, depending on the severity of the signal. To guarantee food security under a changing climate, we need to fully understand how temperature response and tolerance are triggered and regulated. Here, we put forward the concept that responsiveness to temperature should be viewed in the context of dose-dependency. We discuss physiological, developmental, and molecular examples, predominantly from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, illustrating monophasic signaling responses across the physiological temperature gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn van Zanten
- Plant Stress Resilience, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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Ma Z, Jin YM, Wu T, Hu L, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Du X. OsDREB2B, an AP2/ERF transcription factor, negatively regulates plant height by conferring GA metabolism in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1007811. [PMID: 36388558 PMCID: PMC9650310 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1007811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The AP2/ERF family is a large group of plant-specific transcription factors that play an important role in many biological processes, such as growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. OsDREB2B, a dehydration responsive factor (DRE/CRT) in the DREB subgroup of the AP2/ERF family, is associated with abiotic stress responses, such as cold, drought, salt, and heat stress, in Arabidopsis or rice. However, its role in regulating plant growth and development in rice is unclear. In this study, we reported a new function of OsDREB2B, which negatively regulates plant height in rice. Compared with wild type (WT), OsDREB2B-overexpressing (OE) rice exhibited dwarf phenotypes, such as reduction in plant height, internode length, and seed length, as well as grain yield, while the knockout mutants developed by CRISPR/Cas9 technology exhibited similar phenotypes. Spatial expression analysis revealed that OsDREB2B was highly expressed in the leaf sheaths. Under exogenous GA3 application, OsDREB2B expression was induced, and the length of the second leaf sheath of the OsDREB2B-OE lines recovered to that of the WT. OsDREB2B localized to the nucleus of the rice protoplast acted as a transcription activator and upregulated OsAP2-39 by directly binding to its promoter. OsDREB2B-OE lines reduced endogenous bioactive GA levels by downregulating seven GA biosynthesis genes and upregulating eight GA deactivation genes but not GA signaling genes. The yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay showed that OsDREB2B interacted with OsWRKY21. In summary, our study suggests that OsDREB2B plays a negative role in rice growth and development by regulating GA metabolic gene expression, which is mediated by OsAP2-39 and OsWRKY21, thereby reducing GA content and rice plant height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Ma
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Mei Jin
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lanjuan Hu
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wenzhu Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglin Du
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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50
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Dai L, Lu X, Shen L, Guo L, Zhang G, Gao Z, Zhu L, Hu J, Dong G, Ren D, Zhang Q, Zeng D, Qian Q, Li Q. Genome-wide association study reveals novel QTLs and candidate genes for seed vigor in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1005203. [PMID: 36388599 PMCID: PMC9645239 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1005203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly seed vigor (SV) is essential for rice direct seeding (DS). Understanding the genetic mechanism of SV-related traits could contribute to increasing the efficiency of DS. However, only a few genes responsible for SV have been determined in rice, and the regulatory network of SV remains obscure. In this study, the seed germination rate (GR), seedling shoot length (SL), and shoot fresh weight (FW) related to SV traits were measured, and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to detect high-quality loci responsible for SV using a panel of 346 diverse accessions. A total of 51 significant SNPs were identified and arranged into six quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions, including one (qGR1-1), two (qSL1-1, qSL1-2), and three (qFW1-1, qFW4-1, and qFW7-1) QTLs associated with GR, SL, and FW respectively, which were further validated using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs). Integrating gene expression, gene annotation, and haplotype analysis, we found 21 strong candidate genes significantly associated with SV. In addition, the SV-related functions of LOC_Os01g11270 and LOC_Os01g55240 were further verified by corresponding CRISPR/Cas9 gene-edited mutants. Thus, these results provide clues for elucidating the genetic basis of SV control. The candidate genes or QTLs would be helpful for improving DS by molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueli Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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