1
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Cocciardi JM, Hoffman AM, Alvarado-Serrano DF, Anderson J, Blumstein M, Boehm EL, Bolin LG, Borokini IT, Bradburd GS, Branch HA, Brudvig LA, Chen Y, Collins SL, Des Marais DL, Gamba D, Hanan NP, Howard MM, Jaros J, Juenger TE, Kooyers NJ, Kottler EJ, Lau JA, Menon M, Moeller DA, Mozdzer TJ, Sheth SN, Smith M, Toll K, Ungerer MC, Vahsen ML, Wadgymar SM, Waananen A, Whitney KD, Avolio ML. The value of long-term ecological research for evolutionary insights. Nat Ecol Evol 2024:10.1038/s41559-024-02464-y. [PMID: 39095611 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Scientists must have an integrative understanding of ecology and evolution across spatial and temporal scales to predict how species will respond to global change. Although comprehensively investigating these processes in nature is challenging, the infrastructure and data from long-term ecological research networks can support cross-disciplinary investigations. We propose using these networks to advance our understanding of fundamental evolutionary processes and responses to global change. For ecologists, we outline how long-term ecological experiments can be expanded for evolutionary inquiry, and for evolutionary biologists, we illustrate how observed long-term ecological patterns may motivate new evolutionary questions. We advocate for collaborative, multi-site investigations and discuss barriers to conducting evolutionary work at network sites. Ultimately, these networks offer valuable information and opportunities to improve predictions of species' responses to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Cocciardi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
| | - Ava M Hoffman
- Department of Biostatistics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jill Anderson
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Meghan Blumstein
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emma L Boehm
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Lana G Bolin
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Gideon S Bradburd
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Haley A Branch
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lars A Brudvig
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yanni Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Scott L Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - David L Des Marais
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Diana Gamba
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Niall P Hanan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Jornada Basin LTER Program, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Mia M Howard
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joseph Jaros
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas E Juenger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas J Kooyers
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | - Ezra J Kottler
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lau
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Mitra Menon
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David A Moeller
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Seema N Sheth
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Melinda Smith
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Katherine Toll
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mark C Ungerer
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Megan L Vahsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | | | - Amy Waananen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kenneth D Whitney
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Meghan L Avolio
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Hendry AP, Barrett RDH, Bell AM, Bell MA, Bolnick DI, Gotanda KM, Haines GE, Lind ÅJ, Packer M, Peichel CL, Peterson CR, Poore HA, Massengill RL, Milligan‐McClellan K, Steinel NC, Sanderson S, Walsh MR, Weber JN, Derry AM. Designing eco-evolutionary experiments for restoration projects: Opportunities and constraints revealed during stickleback introductions. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11503. [PMID: 38932947 PMCID: PMC11199335 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Eco-evolutionary experiments are typically conducted in semi-unnatural controlled settings, such as mesocosms; yet inferences about how evolution and ecology interact in the real world would surely benefit from experiments in natural uncontrolled settings. Opportunities for such experiments are rare but do arise in the context of restoration ecology-where different "types" of a given species can be introduced into different "replicate" locations. Designing such experiments requires wrestling with consequential questions. (Q1) Which specific "types" of a focal species should be introduced to the restoration location? (Q2) How many sources of each type should be used-and should they be mixed together? (Q3) Which specific source populations should be used? (Q4) Which type(s) or population(s) should be introduced into which restoration sites? We recently grappled with these questions when designing an eco-evolutionary experiment with threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) introduced into nine small lakes and ponds on the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska that required restoration. After considering the options at length, we decided to use benthic versus limnetic ecotypes (Q1) to create a mixed group of colonists from four source populations of each ecotype (Q2), where ecotypes were identified based on trophic morphology (Q3), and were then introduced into nine restoration lakes scaled by lake size (Q4). We hope that outlining the alternatives and resulting choices will make the rationales clear for future studies leveraging our experiment, while also proving useful for investigators considering similar experiments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alison M. Bell
- School of Integrative BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Michael A. Bell
- Museum of PaleontologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daniel I. Bolnick
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA
| | - Kiyoko M. Gotanda
- Department of Biological SciencesBrock UniversitySaint CatharinesOntarioCanada
| | - Grant E. Haines
- Aquaculture and Fish BiologyHólar University CollegeSauðárkrókurIceland
| | - Åsa J. Lind
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Michelle Packer
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Natalie C. Steinel
- Biological SciencesUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Matthew R. Walsh
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTexasUSA
| | - Jesse N. Weber
- Integrative BiologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Alison M. Derry
- Sciences BiologiquesUniversité du Québec á MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
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3
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Giery ST, Sloan RK, Watson J, Groesbeck A, Davenport JM. Ecosystem effects of intraspecific variation in a colour polymorphic amphibian. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240016. [PMID: 38565157 PMCID: PMC10987232 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
An emerging consensus suggests that evolved intraspecific variation can be ecologically important. However, evidence that evolved trait variation within vertebrates can influence fundamental ecosystem-level processes remains sparse. In this study, we sought to assess the potential for evolved variation in the spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) to affect aquatic ecosystem properties. Spotted salamanders exhibit a conspicuous polymorphism in the colour of jelly encasing their eggs-some females produce clear jelly, while others produce white jelly. Although the functional significance of jelly colour variation remains largely speculative, evidence for differences in fecundity and the morphology of larvae suggests that the colour morphs might differ in the strength or identity of ecological effects. Here, we assessed the potential for frequency variation in spotted salamander colour morphs to influence fundamental physiochemical and ecosystem properties-dissolved organic carbon, conductivity, acidity and primary production-with a mesocosm experiment. By manipulating colour morph frequency across a range of larval densities, we were able to demonstrate that larva density and colour morph variation were ecologically relevant: population density reduced dissolved organic carbon and increased primary production while mesocosms stocked with white morph larvae tended to have higher dissolved organic carbon and conductivity. Thus, while an adaptive significance of jelly coloration remains hypothetical, our results show that colour morphs differentially influence key ecosystem properties-dissolved organic carbon and conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T. Giery
- Department of Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Reese K. Sloan
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - James Watson
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Autumn Groesbeck
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Jon M. Davenport
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
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4
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Ren K, Mo Y, Xiao P, Rønn R, Xu Z, Xue Y, Chen H, Rivera WL, Rensing C, Yang J. Microeukaryotic plankton evolutionary constraints in a subtropical river explained by environment and bacteria along differing taxonomic resolutions. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycae026. [PMID: 38559570 PMCID: PMC10980835 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Microeukaryotic plankton communities are keystone components for keeping aquatic primary productivity. Currently, variations in microeukaryotic plankton diversity have often been explained by local ecological factors but not by evolutionary constraints. We used amplicon sequencing of 100 water samples across five years to investigate the ecological preferences of the microeukaryotic plankton community in a subtropical riverine ecosystem. We found that microeukaryotic plankton diversity was less associated with bacterial abundance (16S rRNA gene copy number) than bacterial diversity. Further, environmental effects exhibited a larger influence on microeukaryotic plankton community composition than bacterial community composition, especially at fine taxonomic levels. The evolutionary constraints of microeukaryotic plankton community increased with decreasing taxonomic resolution (from 97% to 91% similarity levels), but not significant change from 85% to 70% similarity levels. However, compared with the bacterial community, the evolutionary constraints were shown to be more affected by environmental variables. This study illustrated possible controlling environmental and bacterial drivers of microeukaryotic diversity and community assembly in a subtropical river, thereby indirectly reflecting on the quality status of the water environment by providing new clues on the microeukaryotic community assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Ren
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mo
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Regin Rønn
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK2100, Denmark
| | - Zijie Xu
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xue
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Huihuang Chen
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Windell L Rivera
- Pathogen-Host-Environment Interactions Research Laboratory, Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and the Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Aquatic EcoHealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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5
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El-Sabaawi RW, Lemmen KD, Jeyasingh PD, Declerck SAJ. SEED: A framework for integrating ecological stoichiometry and eco-evolutionary dynamics. Ecol Lett 2023; 26 Suppl 1:S109-S126. [PMID: 37840025 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Characterising the extent and sources of intraspecific variation and their ecological consequences is a central challenge in the study of eco-evolutionary dynamics. Ecological stoichiometry, which uses elemental variation of organisms and their environment to understand ecosystem patterns and processes, can be a powerful framework for characterising eco-evolutionary dynamics. However, the current emphasis on the relative content of elements in the body (i.e. organismal stoichiometry) has constrained its application. Intraspecific variation in the rates at which elements are acquired, assimilated, allocated or lost is often greater than the variation in organismal stoichiometry. There is much to gain from studying these traits together as components of an 'elemental phenotype'. Furthermore, each of these traits can have distinct ecological effects that are underappreciated in the current literature. We propose a conceptual framework that explores how microevolutionary change in the elemental phenotype occurs, how its components interact with each other and with other traits, and how its changes can affect a wide range of ecological processes. We demonstrate how the framework can be used to generate novel hypotheses and outline pathways for future research that enhance our ability to explain, analyse and predict eco-evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana W El-Sabaawi
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kimberley D Lemmen
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Punidan D Jeyasingh
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Steven A J Declerck
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Fronhofer EA, Corenblit D, Deshpande JN, Govaert L, Huneman P, Viard F, Jarne P, Puijalon S. Eco-evolution from deep time to contemporary dynamics: The role of timescales and rate modulators. Ecol Lett 2023; 26 Suppl 1:S91-S108. [PMID: 37840024 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Eco-evolutionary dynamics, or eco-evolution for short, are often thought to involve rapid demography (ecology) and equally rapid heritable phenotypic changes (evolution) leading to novel, emergent system behaviours. We argue that this focus on contemporary dynamics is too narrow: Eco-evolution should be extended, first, beyond pure demography to include all environmental dimensions and, second, to include slow eco-evolution which unfolds over thousands or millions of years. This extension allows us to conceptualise biological systems as occupying a two-dimensional time space along axes that capture the speed of ecology and evolution. Using Hutchinson's analogy: Time is the 'theatre' in which ecology and evolution are two interacting 'players'. Eco-evolutionary systems are therefore dynamic: We identify modulators of ecological and evolutionary rates, like temperature or sensitivity to mutation, which can change the speed of ecology and evolution, and hence impact eco-evolution. Environmental change may synchronise the speed of ecology and evolution via these rate modulators, increasing the occurrence of eco-evolution and emergent system behaviours. This represents substantial challenges for prediction, especially in the context of global change. Our perspective attempts to integrate ecology and evolution across disciplines, from gene-regulatory networks to geomorphology and across timescales, from today to deep time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dov Corenblit
- GEOLAB, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Lynn Govaert
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philippe Huneman
- Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques (CNRS/Université Paris I Sorbonne), Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Viard
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Jarne
- CEFE, UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - IRD - EPHE, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sara Puijalon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
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7
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Roy S, Nag Chowdhury S, Kundu S, Sar GK, Banerjee J, Rakshit B, Mali PC, Perc M, Ghosh D. Time delays shape the eco-evolutionary dynamics of cooperation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14331. [PMID: 37653103 PMCID: PMC10471784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We study the intricate interplay between ecological and evolutionary processes through the lens of the prisoner's dilemma game. But while previous studies on cooperation amongst selfish individuals often assume instantaneous interactions, we take into consideration delays to investigate how these might affect the causes underlying prosocial behavior. Through analytical calculations and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that delays can lead to oscillations, and by incorporating also the ecological variable of altruistic free space and the evolutionary strategy of punishment, we explore how these factors impact population and community dynamics. Depending on the parameter values and the initial fraction of each strategy, the studied eco-evolutionary model can mimic a cyclic dominance system and even exhibit chaotic behavior, thereby highlighting the importance of complex dynamics for the effective management and conservation of ecological communities. Our research thus contributes to the broader understanding of group decision-making and the emergence of moral behavior in multidimensional social systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Roy
- Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sayantan Nag Chowdhury
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Srilena Kundu
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Gourab Kumar Sar
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, 700108, India
| | - Jeet Banerjee
- BYJU'S, Think & Learn Pvt. Ltd., IBC Knowledge Park, 4/1 Bannerghatta Main Road, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Biswambhar Rakshit
- Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, 641112, India
| | | | - Matjaž Perc
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404332, Taiwan
- Alma Mater Europaea, Slovenska ulica 17, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstädterstraße 39, 1080, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dibakar Ghosh
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, 700108, India.
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8
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Hendry AP. Eco-evolutionary dynamics: An experimental demonstration in nature. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R814-R817. [PMID: 37552949 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Ecological change drives rapid evolution, which then should feed back to influence ecological change. A new study uses experiments with Timema stick insects to demonstrate such feedbacks in nature, revealing that they can be very rapid, strong, and stabilizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Hendry
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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9
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Zamorano LS, Gompert Z, Fronhofer EA, Feder JL, Nosil P. A stabilizing eco-evolutionary feedback loop in the wild. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3272-3278.e3. [PMID: 37478865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that evolutionary and ecological processes can operate on the same timescale1,2 (i.e., contemporary time). As such, evolution can be sufficiently rapid to affect ecological processes such as predation or competition. Thus, evolution can influence population, community, and ecosystem-level dynamics. Indeed, studies have now shown that evolutionary dynamics can alter community structure3,4,5,6 and ecosystem function.7,8,9,10 In turn, shifts in ecological dynamics driven by evolution might feed back to affect the evolutionary trajectory of individual species.11 This feedback loop, where evolutionary and ecological changes reciprocally affect one another, is a central tenet of eco-evolutionary dynamics.1,12 However, most work on such dynamics in natural populations has focused on one-way causal associations between ecology and evolution.13 Hence, direct empirical evidence for eco-evolutionary feedback is rare and limited to laboratory or mesocosm experiments.13,14,15,16 Here, we show in the wild that eco-evolutionary dynamics in a plant-feeding arthropod community involve a negative feedback loop. Specifically, adaptation in cryptic coloration in a stick-insect species mediates bird predation, with local maladaptation increasing predation. In turn, the abundance of arthropods is reduced by predation. Here, we experimentally manipulate arthropod abundance to show that these changes at the community level feed back to affect the stick-insect evolution. Specifically, low-arthropod abundance increases the strength of selection on crypsis, increasing local adaptation of stick insects in a negative feedback loop. Our results suggest that eco-evolutionary feedbacks are able to stabilize complex systems by preventing consistent directional change and therefore increasing resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Zamorano
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology (SETE), CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France; CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 34095 Montpellier, France; ISEM, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | - Jeffrey L Feder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA
| | - Patrik Nosil
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology (SETE), CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France; CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 34095 Montpellier, France.
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10
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Prunier JG, Chevalier M, Raffard A, Loot G, Poulet N, Blanchet S. Genetic erosion reduces biomass temporal stability in wild fish populations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4362. [PMID: 37474616 PMCID: PMC10359329 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity sustains species adaptation. However, it may also support key ecosystems functions and services, for example biomass production, that can be altered by the worldwide loss of genetic diversity. Despite extensive experimental evidence, there have been few attempts to empirically test whether genetic diversity actually promotes biomass and biomass stability in wild populations. Here, using long-term demographic wild fish data from two large river basins in southwestern France, we demonstrate through causal modeling analyses that populations with high genetic diversity do not reach higher biomasses than populations with low genetic diversity. Nonetheless, populations with high genetic diversity have much more stable biomasses over recent decades than populations having suffered from genetic erosion, which has implications for the provision of ecosystem services and the risk of population extinction. Our results strengthen the importance of adopting prominent environmental policies to conserve this important biodiversity facet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme G Prunier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS); Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, F-09200, Moulis, France.
| | - Mathieu Chevalier
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ifremer, DYNECO, F-29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Allan Raffard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS); Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, F-09200, Moulis, France
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200, Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | - Géraldine Loot
- CNRS, UPS, École Nationale de Formation Agronomique (ENFA), UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, cedex, 4, France
| | - Nicolas Poulet
- Pôle écohydraulique AFB-IMT, allée du Pr Camille Soula, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Blanchet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS); Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, F-09200, Moulis, France.
- CNRS, UPS, École Nationale de Formation Agronomique (ENFA), UMR 5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, cedex, 4, France.
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11
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Auerbach BM, Savell KRR, Agosto ER. Morphology, evolution, and the whole organism imperative: Why evolutionary questions need multi-trait evolutionary quantitative genetics. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37060292 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Since Washburn's New Physical Anthropology, researchers have sought to understand the complexities of morphological evolution among anatomical regions in human and non-human primates. Researchers continue, however, to preferentially use comparative and functional approaches to examine complex traits, but these methods cannot address questions about evolutionary process and often conflate function with fitness. Moreover, researchers also tend to examine anatomical elements in isolation, which implicitly assumes independent evolution among different body regions. In this paper, we argue that questions asked in primate evolution are best examined using multiple anatomical regions subjected to model-bound methods built from an understanding of evolutionary quantitative genetics. A nascent but expanding number of studies over the last two decades use this approach, examining morphological integration, evolvability, and selection modeling. To help readers learn how to use these methods, we review fundamentals of evolutionary processes within a quantitative genetic framework, explore the importance of neutral evolutionary theory, and explain the basics of evolutionary quantitative genetics, namely the calculation of evolutionary potential for multiple traits in response to selection. Leveraging these methods, we demonstrate their use to understand non-independence in possible evolutionary responses across the limbs, limb girdles, and basicranium of humans. Our results show that model-bound quantitative genetic methods can reveal unexpected genetic covariances among traits that create a novel but measurable understanding of evolutionary complexity among multiple traits. We advocate for evolutionary quantitative genetic methods to be a standard whenever appropriate to keep studies of primate morphological evolution relevant for the next seventy years and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Auerbach
- Department of Anthropology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kristen R R Savell
- Department of Biology, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Agosto
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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12
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Hite JL, Pfenning-Butterworth A, Auld SKJR. Commentary: Infectious disease — the ecological theater and the evolutionary play. Evol Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-023-10229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Závorka L, Blanco A, Chaguaceda F, Cucherousset J, Killen SS, Liénart C, Mathieu-Resuge M, Němec P, Pilecky M, Scharnweber K, Twining CW, Kainz MJ. The role of vital dietary biomolecules in eco-evo-devo dynamics. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:72-84. [PMID: 36182405 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The physiological dependence of animals on dietary intake of vitamins, amino acids, and fatty acids is ubiquitous. Sharp differences in the availability of these vital dietary biomolecules among different resources mean that consumers must adopt a range of strategies to meet their physiological needs. We review the emerging work on omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, focusing predominantly on predator-prey interactions, to illustrate that trade-off between capacities to consume resources rich in vital biomolecules and internal synthesis capacity drives differences in phenotype and fitness of consumers. This can then feedback to impact ecosystem functioning. We outline how focus on vital dietary biomolecules in eco-eco-devo dynamics can improve our understanding of anthropogenic changes across multiple levels of biological organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Závorka
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Inter-university Centre for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, A-3293 Lunz am See, Austria.
| | - Andreu Blanco
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, EcoCost, Campus de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Fernando Chaguaceda
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR 5174 EDB), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Shaun S Killen
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Camilla Liénart
- Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, J.A. Palménin tie 260, Hanko, 10900, Finland
| | - Margaux Mathieu-Resuge
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Inter-university Centre for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, A-3293 Lunz am See, Austria; Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, Brittany, France; UMR DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), Ifremer, INRAE, Institut Agro, Plouzané, France
| | - Pavel Němec
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, CZ-12844 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Pilecky
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Inter-university Centre for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, A-3293 Lunz am See, Austria; Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Straße 30, A-3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Kristin Scharnweber
- University of Potsdam, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Cornelia W Twining
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Seestrasse 79, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Martin J Kainz
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Inter-university Centre for Aquatic Ecosystem Research, A-3293 Lunz am See, Austria; Danube University Krems, Dr. Karl Dorrek Straße 30, A-3500 Krems, Austria
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14
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Pfenninger M, Foucault Q. Population Genomic Time Series Data of a Natural Population Suggests Adaptive Tracking of Fluctuating Environmental Changes. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:1812-1826. [PMID: 35762661 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural populations are constantly exposed to fluctuating environmental changes that negatively affect their fitness in unpredictable ways. While theoretical models show the possibility of counteracting these environmental changes through rapid evolutionary adaptations, there have been few empirical studies demonstrating such adaptive tracking in natural populations. Here, we analyzed environmental data, fitness-related phenotyping and genomic time-series data sampled over 3 years from a natural Chironomus riparius (Diptera, Insecta) population to address this question. We show that the population's environment varied significantly on the time scale of the sampling in many selectively relevant dimensions, independently of each other. Similarly, phenotypic fitness components evolved significantly on the same temporal scale (mean 0.32 Haldanes), likewise independent from each other. The allele frequencies of 367,446 SNPs across the genome showed evidence of positive selection. Using temporal correlation of spatially coherent allele frequency changes revealed 35,574 haplotypes with more than one selected SNP. The mean selection coefficient for these haplotypes was 0.30 (s.d. = 0.68). The frequency changes of these haplotypes clustered in 46 different temporal patterns, indicating concerted, independent evolution of many polygenic traits. Nine of these patterns were strongly correlated with measured environmental variables. Enrichment analysis of affected genes suggested the implication of a wide variety of biological processes. Thus, our results suggest overall that the natural population of C. riparius tracks environmental change through rapid polygenic adaptation in many independent dimensions. This is further evidence that natural selection is pervasive at the genomic level and that evolutionary and ecological time scales may not differ at all, at least in some organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Pfenninger
- Department Molecular Ecology, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute for Molecular and Organismic Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Quentin Foucault
- Department Molecular Ecology, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute for Molecular and Organismic Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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15
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Fukano Y, Tachiki Y, Kasada M, Uchida K. Evolution of competitive traits changes species diversity in a natural field. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221376. [PMID: 36168760 PMCID: PMC9515622 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the interaction between evolutionary and ecological processes (i.e. eco-evolutionary dynamics) has great potential to improve our understanding of biological processes such as species interactions, community assembly and ecosystem functions. However, most experimental studies have been conducted under controlled laboratory or mesocosm conditions, and the importance of these interactions in natural field communities has not been evaluated. In this study, we focused on the contemporary divergence of a competitive trait (the height-width ratio) of an annual grass Eleusine indica between urban and farmland populations and investigated how trait evolution affects ecological processes by transplanting E. indica individuals from lineages with different trait values into semi-natural grassland. The competitive trait of the transplanted individuals not only affected their own growth and fitness, but also affected the vegetative growth of the competing species and the species diversity. These results indicate that the evolution of competitive traits, even in a single species, can influence the community species diversity through changes in interspecific interactions. Eco-evolutionary interactions therefore play a crucial role in natural field environments. Our results suggest that understanding intraspecific variation in competitive traits driven by rapid evolution is essential for understanding interspecific competitive interactions, community assembly and species diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Fukano
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuuya Tachiki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Kasada
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Zur alten Fischerhuette 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
| | - Kei Uchida
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Midori-cho, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Roy S, Nag Chowdhury S, Mali PC, Perc M, Ghosh D. Eco-evolutionary dynamics of multigames with mutations. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272719. [PMID: 35944035 PMCID: PMC9362954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Most environments favor defection over cooperation due to natural selection. Nonetheless, the emergence of cooperation is omnipresent in many biological, social, and economic systems, quite contrary to the well-celebrated Darwinian theory of evolution. Much research has been devoted to better understanding how and why cooperation persists among self-interested individuals despite their competition for limited resources. Here we go beyond a single social dilemma since individuals usually encounter various social challenges. In particular, we propose and study a mathematical model incorporating both the prisoner’s dilemma and the snowdrift game. We further extend this model by considering ecological signatures like mutation and selfless one-sided contribution of altruist free space. The nonlinear evolutionary dynamics that results from these upgrades offer a broader range of equilibrium outcomes, and it also often favors cooperation over defection. With the help of analytical and numerical calculations, our theoretical model sheds light on the mechanisms that maintain biodiversity, and it helps to explain the evolution of social order in human societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Roy
- Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayantan Nag Chowdhury
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Matjaž Perc
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Alma Mater Europaea, Maribor, Slovenia
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dibakar Ghosh
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- * E-mail:
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17
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Microbial eco-evolutionary dynamics in the plant rhizosphere. Curr Opin Microbiol 2022; 68:102153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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18
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Bras A, Roy A, Heckel DG, Anderson P, Karlsson Green K. Pesticide resistance in arthropods: Ecology matters too. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1746-1759. [PMID: 35726578 PMCID: PMC9542861 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide resistance development is an example of rapid contemporary evolution that poses immense challenges for agriculture. It typically evolves due to the strong directional selection that pesticide treatments exert on herbivorous arthropods. However, recent research suggests that some species are more prone to evolve pesticide resistance than others due to their evolutionary history and standing genetic variation. Generalist species might develop pesticide resistance especially rapidly due to pre‐adaptation to handle a wide array of plant allelochemicals. Moreover, research has shown that adaptation to novel host plants could lead to increased pesticide resistance. Exploring such cross‐resistance between host plant range evolution and pesticide resistance development from an ecological perspective is needed to understand its causes and consequences better. Much research has, however, been devoted to the molecular mechanisms underlying pesticide resistance while both the ecological contexts that could facilitate resistance evolution and the ecological consequences of cross‐resistance have been under‐studied. Here, we take an eco‐evolutionary approach and discuss circumstances that may facilitate cross‐resistance in arthropods and the consequences cross‐resistance may have for plant–arthropod interactions in both target and non‐target species and species interactions. Furthermore, we suggest future research avenues and practical implications of an increased ecological understanding of pesticide resistance evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bras
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.,Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, EXTEMIT-K and EVA.4.0 Unit, Czech University of Life Sciences, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Roy
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, EXTEMIT-K and EVA.4.0 Unit, Czech University of Life Sciences, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - David G Heckel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Anderson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Kristina Karlsson Green
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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19
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Evans AE, Zimova M, Giery ST, Golden HE, Pastore AL, Nadeau CP, Urban MC. An eco‐evolutionary perspective on the humpty‐dumpty effect and community restoration. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette E. Evans
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
- Dept of Environmental Conservation, Univ. of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA
| | | | - Sean T. Giery
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
- Dept of Biology, The Pennsylvania State Univ. Univ. Park PA USA
| | - Heidi E. Golden
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
- Golden Ecology LLC Simsbury CT USA
| | - Amanda L. Pastore
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
| | - Christopher P. Nadeau
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
- Smith Conservation Research Fellow, Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern Univ. Nahant MA USA
| | - Mark C. Urban
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
- Center of Biological Risks, Univ. of Connecticut Storrs CT USA
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20
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Wood ZT, Palkovacs EP, Kinnison MT. Inconsistent evolution and growth-survival tradeoffs in Gambusia affinis. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212072. [PMID: 35168394 PMCID: PMC8848245 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth-survival tradeoffs may be a generalizable mechanism influencing trajectories of prey evolution. Here, we investigate evolutionary contributions to growth and survival in western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) from 10 populations from high- and low-predation ancestral environments. We assess (i) the degree to which evolutionary components of growth and survival are consistent or inconsistent across populations within ancestral predation environments, and (ii) whether growth and survival trade off at the population level. We measure growth and survival on groups of common-reared mosquitofish in pond mesocosms. We find that evolution of growth is consistent, with fish from low-predation ancestral environments showing higher growth, while the evolution of survival is inconsistent, with significant population-level divergence unrelated to ancestral predation environment. Such inconsistency prevents a growth-survival tradeoff across populations. Thus, the generalizability of contemporary evolution probably depends on local context of evolutionary tradeoffs, and a continued focus on singular selective agents (e.g. predators) without such local context will impede insights into generalizable evolutionary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T. Wood
- School of Biology and Ecology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences Program, and Maine Center for Genetics in the Environment, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Eric P. Palkovacs
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Michael T. Kinnison
- School of Biology and Ecology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences Program, and Maine Center for Genetics in the Environment, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
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21
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Bisschop K, Alzate A, Bonte D, Etienne RS. The demographic consequences of adaptation: evidence from experimental evolution. Am Nat 2022; 199:729-742. [DOI: 10.1086/719183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Dwyer G, Mihaljevic JR, Dukic V. Can Eco-Evo Theory Explain Population Cycles in the Field? Am Nat 2022; 199:108-125. [DOI: 10.1086/717178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Grainger TN, Levine JM. Rapid evolution of life-history traits in response to warming, predation and competition: A meta-analysis. Ecol Lett 2021; 25:541-554. [PMID: 34850533 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although studies quantifying evolutionary change in response to the selective pressures that organisms face in the wild have demonstrated that organisms can evolve rapidly, we lack a systematic assessment of the frequency, magnitude and direction of rapid evolutionary change across taxa. To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of 58 studies that document the effects of warming, predation or competition on the evolution of body size, development rate or fecundity in natural or experimental animal populations. We tested whether there was a consistent effect of any selective agent on any trait, whether the direction of these effects align with theoretical predictions, and whether the three agents select in opposing directions on any trait. Overall, we found weak effects of all three selective agents on trait evolution: none of our nine traits by selective agent combinations had an overall effect that differed from zero, only 31% of studies had a significant within-study effect, and attributes of the included studies generally did not account for between-study variation in results. One notable exception was that predation targeting adults consistently resulted in the evolution of smaller prey body size. We discuss potential causes of these generally weak responses and consider how our results inform the ongoing development of eco-evolutionary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Nahanni Grainger
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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24
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Abstract
In digital evolution, populations of computational organisms evolve via the same principles that govern natural selection in nature. These platforms have been used to great effect as a controlled system in which to conduct evolutionary experiments and develop novel evolutionary theory. In addition to their complex evolutionary dynamics, many digital evolution systems also produce rich ecological communities. As a result, digital evolution is also a powerful tool for research on eco-evolutionary dynamics. Here, we review the research to date in which digital evolution platforms have been used to address eco-evolutionary (and in some cases purely ecological) questions. This work has spanned a wide range of topics, including competition, facilitation, parasitism, predation, and macroecological scaling laws. We argue for the value of further ecological research in digital evolution systems and present some particularly promising directions for further research.
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25
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Netz C, Hildenbrandt H, Weissing FJ. Complex eco-evolutionary dynamics induced by the coevolution of predator–prey movement strategies. Evol Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-021-10140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe coevolution of predators and prey has been the subject of much empirical and theoretical research that produced intriguing insights into the interplay of ecology and evolution. To allow for mathematical analysis, models of predator–prey coevolution are often coarse-grained, focussing on population-level processes and largely neglecting individual-level behaviour. As selection is acting on individual-level properties, we here present a more mechanistic approach: an individual-based simulation model for the coevolution of predators and prey on a fine-grained resource landscape, where features relevant for ecology (like changes in local densities) and evolution (like differences in survival and reproduction) emerge naturally from interactions between individuals. Our focus is on predator–prey movement behaviour, and we present a new method for implementing evolving movement strategies in an efficient and intuitively appealing manner. Throughout their lifetime, predators and prey make repeated movement decisions on the basis of their movement strategies. Over the generations, the movement strategies evolve, as individuals that successfully survive and reproduce leave their strategy to more descendants. We show that the movement strategies in our model evolve rapidly, thereby inducing characteristic spatial patterns like spiral waves and static spots. Transitions between these patterns occur frequently, induced by antagonistic coevolution rather than by external events. Regularly, evolution leads to the emergence and stable coexistence of qualitatively different movement strategies within the same population. Although the strategy space of our model is continuous, we often observe the evolution of discrete movement types. We argue that rapid evolution, coexistent movement types, and phase shifts between different ecological regimes are not a peculiarity of our model but a result of more realistic assumptions on eco-evolutionary feedbacks and the number of evolutionary degrees of freedom.
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26
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Wood ZT, Lopez LK, Symons CC, Robinson RR, Palkovacs EP, Kinnison MT. Drivers and cascading ecological consequences of Gambusia affinis trait variation. Am Nat 2021; 199:E91-E110. [DOI: 10.1086/717866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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27
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Acosta K, Appenroth KJ, Borisjuk L, Edelman M, Heinig U, Jansen MAK, Oyama T, Pasaribu B, Schubert I, Sorrels S, Sree KS, Xu S, Michael TP, Lam E. Return of the Lemnaceae: duckweed as a model plant system in the genomics and postgenomics era. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:3207-3234. [PMID: 34273173 PMCID: PMC8505876 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic Lemnaceae family, commonly called duckweed, comprises some of the smallest and fastest growing angiosperms known on Earth. Their tiny size, rapid growth by clonal propagation, and facile uptake of labeled compounds from the media were attractive features that made them a well-known model for plant biology from 1950 to 1990. Interest in duckweed has steadily regained momentum over the past decade, driven in part by the growing need to identify alternative plants from traditional agricultural crops that can help tackle urgent societal challenges, such as climate change and rapid population expansion. Propelled by rapid advances in genomic technologies, recent studies with duckweed again highlight the potential of these small plants to enable discoveries in diverse fields from ecology to chronobiology. Building on established community resources, duckweed is reemerging as a platform to study plant processes at the systems level and to translate knowledge gained for field deployment to address some of society's pressing needs. This review details the anatomy, development, physiology, and molecular characteristics of the Lemnaceae to introduce them to the broader plant research community. We highlight recent research enabled by Lemnaceae to demonstrate how these plants can be used for quantitative studies of complex processes and for revealing potentially novel strategies in plant defense and genome maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Acosta
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Klaus J Appenroth
- Plant Physiology, Matthias Schleiden Institute, University of Jena, Jena 07737, Germany
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- The Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben D-06466, Germany
| | - Marvin Edelman
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Uwe Heinig
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork T23 TK30, Ireland
| | - Tokitaka Oyama
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Buntora Pasaribu
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Ingo Schubert
- The Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben D-06466, Germany
| | - Shawn Sorrels
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - K Sowjanya Sree
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye 671320, India
| | - Shuqing Xu
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | | | - Eric Lam
- Author for correspondence: (E.L.), (T.P.M.)
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Faillace CA, Sentis A, Montoya JM. Eco-evolutionary consequences of habitat warming and fragmentation in communities. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:1933-1950. [PMID: 33998139 PMCID: PMC7614044 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Eco-evolutionary dynamics can mediate species and community responses to habitat warming and fragmentation, two of the largest threats to biodiversity and ecosystems. The eco-evolutionary consequences of warming and fragmentation are typically studied independently, hindering our understanding of their simultaneous impacts. Here, we provide a new perspective rooted in trade-offs among traits for understanding their eco-evolutionary consequences. On the one hand, temperature influences traits related to metabolism, such as resource acquisition and activity levels. Such traits are also likely to have trade-offs with other energetically costly traits, like antipredator defences or dispersal. On the other hand, fragmentation can influence a variety of traits (e.g. dispersal) through its effects on the spatial environment experienced by individuals, as well as properties of populations, such as genetic structure. The combined effects of warming and fragmentation on communities should thus reflect their collective impact on traits of individuals and populations, as well as trade-offs at multiple trophic levels, leading to unexpected dynamics when effects are not additive and when evolutionary responses modulate them. Here, we provide a road map to navigate this complexity. First, we review single-species responses to warming and fragmentation. Second, we focus on consumer-resource interactions, considering how eco-evolutionary dynamics can arise in response to warming, fragmentation, and their interaction. Third, we illustrate our perspective with several example scenarios in which trait trade-offs could result in significant eco-evolutionary dynamics. Specifically, we consider the possible eco-evolutionary consequences of (i) evolution in thermal performance of a species involved in a consumer-resource interaction, (ii) ecological or evolutionary changes to encounter and attack rates of consumers, and (iii) changes to top consumer body size in tri-trophic food chains. In these scenarios, we present a number of novel, sometimes counter-intuitive, potential outcomes. Some of these expectations contrast with those solely based on ecological dynamics, for example, evolutionary responses in unexpected directions for resource species or unanticipated population declines in top consumers. Finally, we identify several unanswered questions about the conditions most likely to yield strong eco-evolutionary dynamics, how better to incorporate the role of trade-offs among traits, and the role of eco-evolutionary dynamics in governing responses to warming in fragmented communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara A. Faillace
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, French National Centre of Scientific Research (CNRS), 2 Route du CNRS, Moulis, 09200, France,Address for correspondence (Tel: +33 5 61 04 05 89; )
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, French National Centre of Scientific Research (CNRS), 2 Route du CNRS, Moulis, 09200, France,INRAE, Aix Marseille University, UMR RECOVER, 3275 Route de Cézanne- CS 40061, Aix-en-Provence Cedex 5, 13182, France
| | - José M. Montoya
- Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, French National Centre of Scientific Research (CNRS), 2 Route du CNRS, Moulis, 09200, France
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Aulus-Giacosa L, Guéraud F, Gaudin P, Buoro M, Aymes JC, Labonne J, Vignon M. Human influence on brown trout juvenile body size during metapopulation expansion. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20210366. [PMID: 34699739 PMCID: PMC8548077 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Change in body size can be driven by social (density) and non-social (environmental and spatial variation) factors. In expanding metapopulations, spatial sorting by means of dispersal on the expansion front can further drive the evolution of body size. However, human intervention can dramatically affect these founder effects. Using long-term monitoring of the colonization of the remote Kerguelen islands by brown trout, a facultative anadromous salmonid, we analyse body size variation in 32 naturally founded and 10 human-introduced populations over 57 years. In naturally founded populations, we find that spatial sorting promotes slow positive changes in body size on the expansion front, then that body size decreases as populations get older and local density increases. This pattern is, however, completely different in human-introduced populations, where body size remains constant or even increases as populations get older. The present findings confirm that changes in body size can be affected by metapopulation expansion, but that human influence, even in very remote environments, can fully alter this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Aulus-Giacosa
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle ou Anglet, France
| | - F. Guéraud
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle ou Anglet, France
| | - P. Gaudin
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle ou Anglet, France
| | - M. Buoro
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle ou Anglet, France
| | - J. C. Aymes
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle ou Anglet, France
| | - J. Labonne
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle ou Anglet, France
| | - M. Vignon
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, INRAE, ECOBIOP, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle ou Anglet, France
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30
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Govaert L, De Meester L, Rousseaux S, Declerck SAJ, Pantel JH. Measuring the contribution of evolution to community trait structure in freshwater zooplankton. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Govaert
- Leibniz Inst. für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Dept of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Univ. of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Inst. of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dept of Aquatic Ecology Dübendorf Switzerland
- URPP Global Change and Biodiversity, Univ. of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Luc De Meester
- Leibniz Inst. für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Inst. of Biology, Freie Univ. Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Sarah Rousseaux
- Leibniz Inst. für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Natuurinvest, Maatschappelijke zetel Brussel, Herman Teirlinckgebouw Brussel Belgium
| | - Steven A. J. Declerck
- Leibniz Inst. für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Dept of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Jelena H. Pantel
- Leibniz Inst. für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Dept of Computer Science, Mathematics and Environmental Science, The American Univ. of Paris Paris France
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31
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Chowdhury SN, Kundu S, Perc M, Ghosh D. Complex evolutionary dynamics due to punishment and free space in ecological multigames. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2021.0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The concurrence of ecological and evolutionary processes often arises as an integral part of various biological and social systems. We here study eco-evolutionary dynamics by adopting two paradigmatic metaphors of social dilemmas with contrasting outcomes. We use the Prisoner’s Dilemma and Snowdrift games as the backbone of the proposed mathematical model. Since cooperation is a costly proposition in the face of the Darwinian theory of evolution, we go beyond the traditional framework by introducing punishment as an additional strategy. Punishers bare an additional cost from their own resources to try and discourage or prohibit free-riding from selfish defectors. Our model also incorporates the ecological signature of free space, which has an altruistic-like impact because it allows others to replicate and potentially thrive. We show that the consideration of these factors has broad implications for better understanding the emergent complex evolutionary dynamics. In particular, we report the simultaneous presence of different subpopulations through the spontaneous emergence of cyclic dominance, and we determine various stationary points using traditional game-theoretic concepts and stability analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Nag Chowdhury
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B. T. Road, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Srilena Kundu
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B. T. Road, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Matjaž Perc
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Alma Mater Europaea, Slovenska ulica, 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstädterstraße 39, 1080 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dibakar Ghosh
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B. T. Road, Kolkata 700108, India
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32
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Blasco-Costa I, Hayward A, Poulin R, Balbuena JA. Next-generation cophylogeny: unravelling eco-evolutionary processes. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 36:907-918. [PMID: 34243958 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental question in evolutionary biology is how microevolutionary processes translate into species diversification. Cophylogeny provides an appropriate framework to address this for symbiotic associations, but historically has been primarily limited to unveiling patterns. We argue that it is essential to integrate advances from ecology and evolutionary biology into cophylogeny, to gain greater mechanistic insights and transform cophylogeny into a platform to advance understanding of interspecific interactions and diversification more widely. We discuss key directions, such as incorporating trait reconstruction and considering multiple scales of network organization, and highlight recent developments for implementation. A new quantitative framework is proposed to allow integration of relevant information, such as quantitative traits and assessment of the contribution of individual mechanisms to cophylogenetic patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Blasco-Costa
- Department of Invertebrates, Natural History Museum of Geneva, PO Box 6434, CH-1211 Geneva 6, Switzerland; Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Langnes, PO Box 6050, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Alexander Hayward
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Robert Poulin
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Juan A Balbuena
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, PO Box 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
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33
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Eriksson BK, Yanos C, Bourlat SJ, Donadi S, Fontaine MC, Hansen JP, Jakubavičiūtė E, Kiragosyan K, Maan ME, Merilä J, Austin ÅN, Olsson J, Reiss K, Sundblad G, Bergström U, Eklöf JS. Habitat segregation of plate phenotypes in a rapidly expanding population of three‐spined stickleback. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Britas Klemens Eriksson
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Casey Yanos
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Sarah J. Bourlat
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig Adenauerallee 160 Bonn53113Germany
| | - Serena Donadi
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Michael C. Fontaine
- MIVEGEC CNRS IRD Univ. Montpellier Montpellier France
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie et Evolution de la Santé (CREES) Montpellier France
| | | | | | - Karine Kiragosyan
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Martine E. Maan
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life‐Sciences, GELIFES University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Juha Merilä
- Ecological Genetics Research Unit, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme Faculty Biological & Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki PO Box 65 HelsinkiFI‐00014Finland
- Research Division of Ecology & Biodiversity University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Åsa N. Austin
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Sweden
| | - Jens Olsson
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Katrin Reiss
- Faculty for Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University Bodø8049Norway
| | - Göran Sundblad
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Ulf Bergström
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Science Drottningholm Sweden
| | - Johan S. Eklöf
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Sweden
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34
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Eco-evolutionary interaction between microbiome presence and rapid biofilm evolution determines plant host fitness. Nat Ecol Evol 2021; 5:670-676. [PMID: 33707690 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-021-01406-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Microbiomes are important to the survival and reproduction of their hosts. Although ecological and evolutionary processes can happen simultaneously in microbiomes, little is known about how microbiome eco-evolutionary dynamics determine host fitness. Here we show, using experimental evolution, that fitness of the aquatic plant Lemna minor is modified by interactions between the microbiome and the evolution of one member, Pseudomonas fluorescens. Microbiome presence promotes P. fluorescens' rapid evolution to form biofilm, which reciprocally alters the microbiome's species composition. These eco-evolutionary dynamics modify the host's multigenerational fitness. The microbiome and non-evolving P. fluorescens together promote host fitness, whereas the microbiome with P. fluorescens that evolves biofilm reduces the beneficial impact on host fitness. Additional experiments suggest that the microbial effect on host fitness may occur through changes in microbiome production of auxin, a plant growth hormone. Our study, therefore, experimentally demonstrates the importance of the eco-evolutionary dynamics in microbiomes for host-microbiome interactions.
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35
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Limberger R, Fussmann GF. Adaptation and competition in deteriorating environments. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20202967. [PMID: 33715427 PMCID: PMC7944114 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution might rescue populations from extinction in changing environments. Using experimental evolution with microalgae, we investigated if competition influences adaptation to an abiotic stressor, and vice versa, if adaptation to abiotic change influences competition. In a first set of experiments, we propagated monocultures of five species with and without increasing salt stress for approximately 180 generations. When assayed in monoculture, two of the five species showed signatures of adaptation, that is, lines with a history of salt stress had higher population growth rates at high salt than lines without prior exposure to salt. When assayed in mixtures of species, however, only one of these two species had increased population size at high salt, indicating that competition can alter how adaptation to abiotic change influences population dynamics. In a second experiment, we cultivated two species in monocultures and in pairs, with and without increasing salt. While we found no effect of competition on adaptation to salt, our experiment revealed that evolutionary responses to salt can influence competition. Specifically, one of the two species had reduced competitive ability in the no-salt environment after long-term exposure to salt stress. Collectively, our results highlight the complex interplay of adaptation to abiotic change and competitive interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Limberger
- Research Department for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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36
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Grainger TN, Rudman SM, Schmidt P, Levine JM. Competitive history shapes rapid evolution in a seasonal climate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2015772118. [PMID: 33536336 PMCID: PMC8017725 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015772118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Eco-evolutionary dynamics will play a critical role in determining species' fates as climatic conditions change. Unfortunately, we have little understanding of how rapid evolutionary responses to climate play out when species are embedded in the competitive communities that they inhabit in nature. We tested the effects of rapid evolution in response to interspecific competition on subsequent ecological and evolutionary trajectories in a seasonally changing climate using a field-based evolution experiment with Drosophila melanogaster Populations of D. melanogaster were either exposed, or not exposed, to interspecific competition with an invasive competitor, Zaprionus indianus, over the summer. We then quantified these populations' ecological trajectories (abundances) and evolutionary trajectories (heritable phenotypic change) when exposed to a cooling fall climate. We found that competition with Z. indianus in the summer affected the subsequent evolutionary trajectory of D. melanogaster populations in the fall, after all interspecific competition had ceased. Specifically, flies with a history of interspecific competition evolved under fall conditions to be larger and have lower cold fecundity and faster development than flies without a history of interspecific competition. Surprisingly, this divergent fall evolutionary trajectory occurred in the absence of any detectible effect of the summer competitive environment on phenotypic evolution over the summer or population dynamics in the fall. This study demonstrates that competitive interactions can leave a legacy that shapes evolutionary responses to climate even after competition has ceased, and more broadly, that evolution in response to one selective pressure can fundamentally alter evolution in response to subsequent agents of selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Nahanni Grainger
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544;
| | - Seth M Rudman
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686
| | - Paul Schmidt
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jonathan M Levine
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544
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37
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Mendes PB, Faria LD. The eco-evolutionary dynamics of a predator-prey system across an r/K continuum. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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de Roos AM. Effects of life history and individual development on community dynamics: A review of counterintuitive consequences. Ecol Res 2020; 35:930-946. [PMID: 33380774 PMCID: PMC7756606 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Even though individual life history is the focus of much ecological research, its importance for the dynamics and structure of ecological communities is unclear, or is it a topic of much ongoing research. In this paper I highlight the key life history traits that may lead to effects of life history or ontogeny on ecological communities. I show that asymmetries in the extent of food limitation between individuals in different life stage can give rise to an increase in efficiency with which resources are used for population growth when conditions change. This change in efficiency may result in a positive relationship between stage-specific density and mortality. The positive relationship between density and mortality in turn leads to predictions about community structure that are not only diametrically opposite to the expectations based on theory that ignores population structure but are also intuitively hard to accept. I provide a few examples that illustrate how taking into account intraspecific differences due to ontogeny radically changes the theoretical expectations regarding the possible outcomes of community dynamics. As the most compelling example I show how a so-called double-handicapped looser, that is, a consumer species that is both competitively inferior in the absence of predators and experiences higher mortality when predators are present, can nonetheless oust its opponent that it competes with for the same resource and is exposed to the same predator.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M. de Roos
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
- The Santa Fe InstituteSanta FeNew MexicoUSA
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39
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Miller TEX, Angert AL, Brown CD, Lee-Yaw JA, Lewis M, Lutscher F, Marculis NG, Melbourne BA, Shaw AK, Szűcs M, Tabares O, Usui T, Weiss-Lehman C, Williams JL. Eco-evolutionary dynamics of range expansion. Ecology 2020; 101:e03139. [PMID: 32697876 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the movement of species' ranges is a classic ecological problem that takes on urgency in this era of global change. Historically treated as a purely ecological process, range expansion is now understood to involve eco-evolutionary feedbacks due to spatial genetic structure that emerges as populations spread. We synthesize empirical and theoretical work on the eco-evolutionary dynamics of range expansion, with emphasis on bridging directional, deterministic processes that favor evolved increases in dispersal and demographic traits with stochastic processes that lead to the random fixation of alleles and traits. We develop a framework for understanding the joint influence of these processes in changing the mean and variance of expansion speed and its underlying traits. Our synthesis of recent laboratory experiments supports the consistent role of evolution in accelerating expansion speed on average, and highlights unexpected diversity in how evolution can influence variability in speed: results not well predicted by current theory. We discuss and evaluate support for three classes of modifiers of eco-evolutionary range dynamics (landscape context, trait genetics, and biotic interactions), identify emerging themes, and suggest new directions for future work in a field that stands to increase in relevance as populations move in response to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom E X Miller
- Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Amy L Angert
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Carissa D Brown
- Department of Geography, Memorial University, 230 Elizabeth Avenue, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Julie A Lee-Yaw
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Mark Lewis
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G1, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G1, Canada
| | - Frithjof Lutscher
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, and Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nathan G Marculis
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G1, Canada.,Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Brett A Melbourne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Allison K Shaw
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - Marianna Szűcs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Olivia Tabares
- Department of Geography and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Takuji Usui
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Christopher Weiss-Lehman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - Jennifer L Williams
- Department of Geography and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada
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40
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Alberti M, Palkovacs E, Roches S, Meester L, Brans K, Govaert L, Grimm NB, Harris NC, Hendry AP, Schell CJ, Szulkin M, Munshi-South J, Urban MC, Verrelli BC. The Complexity of Urban Eco-evolutionary Dynamics. Bioscience 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Urbanization is changing Earth's ecosystems by altering the interactions and feedbacks between the fundamental ecological and evolutionary processes that maintain life. Humans in cities alter the eco-evolutionary play by simultaneously changing both the actors and the stage on which the eco-evolutionary play takes place. Urbanization modifies land surfaces, microclimates, habitat connectivity, ecological networks, food webs, species diversity, and species composition. These environmental changes can lead to changes in phenotypic, genetic, and cultural makeup of wild populations that have important consequences for ecosystem function and the essential services that nature provides to human society, such as nutrient cycling, pollination, seed dispersal, food production, and water and air purification. Understanding and monitoring urbanization-induced evolutionary changes is important to inform strategies to achieve sustainability. In the present article, we propose that understanding these dynamics requires rigorous characterization of urbanizing regions as rapidly evolving, tightly coupled human–natural systems. We explore how the emergent properties of urbanization affect eco-evolutionary dynamics across space and time. We identify five key urban drivers of change—habitat modification, connectivity, heterogeneity, novel disturbances, and biotic interactions—and highlight the direct consequences of urbanization-driven eco-evolutionary change for nature's contributions to people. Then, we explore five emerging complexities—landscape complexity, urban discontinuities, socio-ecological heterogeneity, cross-scale interactions, legacies and time lags—that need to be tackled in future research. We propose that the evolving metacommunity concept provides a powerful framework to study urban eco-evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Alberti
- Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Eric P Palkovacs
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,University of California, Santa Cruz, California
| | | | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology Evolution, and Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leibniz Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei, Berlin, Germany, and with the Institute of Biology at Freie Universität Berlin, also in Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristien I Brans
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology Evolution, and Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lynn Govaert
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; with the Department of Aquatic Ecology, in the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, in Dübendorf, Switzerland; and with the University Research Priority Programme on Global Change and Biodiversity at the University of Zurich, in Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Nyeema C Harris
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew P Hendry
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher J Schell
- Department of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington
| | | | - Jason Munshi-South
- Louis Calder Center Biological Field Station, Fordham University, Armonk, New York
| | - Mark C Urban
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Brian C Verrelli
- Center for Life Sciences Education, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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41
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Blanchet S, Prunier JG, Paz‐Vinas I, Saint‐Pé K, Rey O, Raffard A, Mathieu‐Bégné E, Loot G, Fourtune L, Dubut V. A river runs through it: The causes, consequences, and management of intraspecific diversity in river networks. Evol Appl 2020; 13:1195-1213. [PMID: 32684955 PMCID: PMC7359825 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rivers are fascinating ecosystems in which the eco-evolutionary dynamics of organisms are constrained by particular features, and biologists have developed a wealth of knowledge about freshwater biodiversity patterns. Over the last 10 years, our group used a holistic approach to contribute to this knowledge by focusing on the causes and consequences of intraspecific diversity in rivers. We conducted empirical works on temperate permanent rivers from southern France, and we broadened the scope of our findings using experiments, meta-analyses, and simulations. We demonstrated that intraspecific (genetic) diversity follows a spatial pattern (downstream increase in diversity) that is repeatable across taxa (from plants to vertebrates) and river systems. This pattern can result from interactive processes that we teased apart using appropriate simulation approaches. We further experimentally showed that intraspecific diversity matters for the functioning of river ecosystems. It indeed affects not only community dynamics, but also key ecosystem functions such as litter degradation. This means that losing intraspecific diversity in rivers can yield major ecological effects. Our work on the impact of multiple human stressors on intraspecific diversity revealed that-in the studied river systems-stocking of domestic (fish) strains strongly and consistently alters natural spatial patterns of diversity. It also highlighted the need for specific analytical tools to tease apart spurious from actual relationships in the wild. Finally, we developed original conservation strategies at the basin scale based on the systematic conservation planning framework that appeared pertinent for preserving intraspecific diversity in rivers. We identified several important research avenues that should further facilitate our understanding of patterns of local adaptation in rivers, the identification of processes sustaining intraspecific biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships, and the setting of reliable conservation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Blanchet
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueStation d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à MoulisUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5321MoulisFrance
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueLaboratoire Evolution & Diversité BiologiqueInstitut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5174 EDBToulouseFrance
| | - Jérôme G. Prunier
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueStation d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à MoulisUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5321MoulisFrance
| | - Ivan Paz‐Vinas
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueLaboratoire Evolution & Diversité BiologiqueInstitut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5174 EDBToulouseFrance
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et EnvironnementUniversité de ToulouseUPSCNRSINPUMR‐5245 ECOLABToulouseFrance
| | - Keoni Saint‐Pé
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueLaboratoire Evolution & Diversité BiologiqueInstitut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5174 EDBToulouseFrance
| | - Olivier Rey
- IHPEUniv. MontpellierCNRSIfremerUniv. Perpignan Via DomitiaPerpignanFrance
| | - Allan Raffard
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueStation d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à MoulisUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5321MoulisFrance
| | - Eglantine Mathieu‐Bégné
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueLaboratoire Evolution & Diversité BiologiqueInstitut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5174 EDBToulouseFrance
- IHPEUniv. MontpellierCNRSIfremerUniv. Perpignan Via DomitiaPerpignanFrance
| | - Géraldine Loot
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueLaboratoire Evolution & Diversité BiologiqueInstitut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5174 EDBToulouseFrance
| | - Lisa Fourtune
- Centre National pour la Recherche ScientifiqueLaboratoire Evolution & Diversité BiologiqueInstitut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementUniversité Toulouse III Paul SabatierUMR‐5174 EDBToulouseFrance
- PEIRENEEA 7500Université de LimogesLimogesFrance
| | - Vincent Dubut
- Aix Marseille UniversitéCNRSIRDAvignon UniversitéIMBEMarseilleFrance
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42
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Gorter FA, Manhart M, Ackermann M. Understanding the evolution of interspecies interactions in microbial communities. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190256. [PMID: 32200743 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities are complex multi-species assemblages that are characterized by a multitude of interspecies interactions, which can range from mutualism to competition. The overall sign and strength of interspecies interactions have important consequences for emergent community-level properties such as productivity and stability. It is not well understood how interspecies interactions change over evolutionary timescales. Here, we review the empirical evidence that evolution is an important driver of microbial community properties and dynamics on timescales that have traditionally been regarded as purely ecological. Next, we briefly discuss different modelling approaches to study evolution of communities, emphasizing the similarities and differences between evolutionary and ecological perspectives. We then propose a simple conceptual model for the evolution of interspecies interactions in communities. Specifically, we propose that to understand the evolution of interspecies interactions, it is important to distinguish between direct and indirect fitness effects of a mutation. We predict that in well-mixed environments, traits will be selected exclusively for their direct fitness effects, while in spatially structured environments, traits may also be selected for their indirect fitness effects. Selection of indirectly beneficial traits should result in an increase in interaction strength over time, while selection of directly beneficial traits should not have such a systematic effect. We tested our intuitions using a simple quantitative model and found support for our hypotheses. The next step will be to test these hypotheses experimentally and provide input for a more refined version of the model in turn, thus closing the scientific cycle of models and experiments. This article is part of the theme issue 'Conceptual challenges in microbial community ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florien A Gorter
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Michael Manhart
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute of Integrative Biology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Martin Ackermann
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, Switzerland
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43
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Alzate A, Onstein RE, Etienne RS, Bonte D. The role of preadaptation, propagule pressure and competition in the colonization of new habitats. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Alzate
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Groningen Inst. for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Univ. of Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent Univ. Ghent Belgium
| | - Renske E. Onstein
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Rampal S. Etienne
- Groningen Inst. for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Univ. of Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Dries Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent Univ. Ghent Belgium
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44
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Salo T, Mattila J, Eklöf J. Long‐term warming affects ecosystem functioning through species turnover and intraspecific trait variation. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Salo
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm Univ. SE‐10691 Stockholm Sweden
- Environmental and Marine Biology, Åbo Akademi Univ. FI‐20520 Turku Finland
| | - Johanna Mattila
- Dept of Aquatic Resources, Inst. of Coastal Research, The Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Öregrund Sweden
- Åland Univ. of Applied Sciences, Mariehamn Åland Finland
| | - Johan Eklöf
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm Univ. SE‐10691 Stockholm Sweden
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45
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Reinke BA, Miller DA, Janzen FJ. What Have Long-Term Field Studies Taught Us About Population Dynamics? ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110218-024717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long-term studies have been crucial to the advancement of population biology, especially our understanding of population dynamics. We argue that this progress arises from three key characteristics of long-term research. First, long-term data are necessary to observe the heterogeneity that drives most population processes. Second, long-term studies often inherently lead to novel insights. Finally, long-term field studies can serve as model systems for population biology, allowing for theory and methods to be tested under well-characterized conditions. We illustrate these ideas in three long-term field systems that have made outsized contributions to our understanding of population ecology, evolution, and conservation biology. We then highlight three emerging areas to which long-term field studies are well positioned to contribute in the future: ecological forecasting, genomics, and macrosystems ecology. Overcoming the obstacles associated with maintaining long-term studies requires continued emphasis on recognizing the benefits of such studies to ensure that long-term research continues to have a substantial impact on elucidating population biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Reinke
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - David A.W. Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Fredric J. Janzen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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46
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Brunner FS, Deere JA, Egas M, Eizaguirre C, Raeymaekers JAM. The diversity of eco‐evolutionary dynamics: Comparing the feedbacks between ecology and evolution across scales. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacques A. Deere
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Egas
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
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47
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Govaert L, Fronhofer EA, Lion S, Eizaguirre C, Bonte D, Egas M, Hendry AP, De Brito Martins A, Melián CJ, Raeymaekers JAM, Ratikainen II, Saether B, Schweitzer JA, Matthews B. Eco‐evolutionary feedbacks—Theoretical models and perspectives. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Govaert
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Sébastien Lion
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CNRS, IRD, EPHE Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | | | - Dries Bonte
- Department of Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Martijn Egas
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Andrew P. Hendry
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Ayana De Brito Martins
- Fish Ecology and Evolution DepartmentCenter for Ecology, Evolution and BiogeochemistryEawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Carlos J. Melián
- Fish Ecology and Evolution DepartmentCenter for Ecology, Evolution and BiogeochemistryEawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
| | | | - Irja I. Ratikainen
- Department of Biology Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - Bernt‐Erik Saether
- Department of Biology Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
| | - Jennifer A. Schweitzer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee
| | - Blake Matthews
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Dübendorf Switzerland
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