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Qian F, Liu Y, He L, Dong Z, Chen M, Liu W. Metagenomic insights into microbial metabolic mechanisms of a combined solid-phase denitrification and anammox process for nitrogen removal in mainstream wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121797. [PMID: 38996605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
To overcome the significant challenges associated with nitrite supply and nitrate residues in mainstream anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox)-based processes, this study developed a combined solid-phase denitrification (SPD) and anammox process for low-strength nitrogen removal without the addition of nitrite. The SPD step was performed in a packed-bed reactor containing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hyroxyvelate (PHBV) prior to employing the anammox granular sludge reactor in the continuous-flow mode. The removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen reached 95.7 ± 1.2% under a nitrogen loading rate of 0.18 ± 0.01 kg N·m3·d-1, and it required 1.02 mol of nitrate to remove 1 mol of ammonium nitrogen. The PHBV particles not only served as biofilm carriers for the symbiosis of hydrolytic bacteria (HB) and denitrifying bacteria (DB), but also carbon sources that facilitated the coupling of partial denitrification and anammox in the granules. Metagenomic sequencing analysis indicated that Burkholderiales was the most abundant HB genus in SPD. The metabolic correlations between DB (Betaproteobacteria, Rhodocyclaceae, and Anaerolineae) and anammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadiac and Kuenenia) in the granules were confirmed through microbial co-occurrence networks analysis and functional gene annotations. Additionally, the genes encoding nitrate reductase (Nap) and nitrite reductase (Nir) in DB primarily facilitated nitrate reduction, thereby supplying nitric oxide to anammox bacteria for subsequent nitrogen removal with hydrazine synthase (Hzs) and hydrazine dehydrogenase (Hdh). The findings provide insights into microbial metabolism within combined SPD and anammox processes, thus advancing the development of mainstream anammox-based processes in engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyue Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China; School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zangyuan Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin Chen
- Suzhou N&P Environmental Technology, Co., LTD, No. 6 Taishan Road, Suzhou, 215129, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
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Huang Y, Zhang X, Xin Y, Tian J, Li M. Distinct microbial nitrogen cycling processes in the deepest part of the ocean. mSystems 2024:e0024324. [PMID: 38940525 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00243-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mariana Trench (MT) is the deepest part of the ocean on Earth. Previous studies have described the microbial community structures and functional potential in the seawater and surface sediment of MT. Still, the metabolic features and adaptation strategies of the microorganisms involved in nitrogen cycling processes are poorly understood. In this study, comparative metagenomic approaches were used to study microbial nitrogen cycling in three MT habitats, including hadal seawater [9,600-10,500 m below sea level (mbsl)], surface sediments [0-46 cm below seafloor (cmbsf) at a water depth between 7,143 and 8,638 mbsl], and deep sediments (200-306 cmbsf at a water depth of 8,300 mbsl). We identified five new nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) lineages that had adapted to the oligotrophic MT slope sediment, via their CO2 fixation capability through the reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) or Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle; an anammox bacterium might perform aerobic respiration and utilize sedimentary carbohydrates for energy generation because it contains genes encoding type A cytochrome c oxidase and complete glycolysis pathway. In seawater, abundant alkane-oxidizing Ketobacter species can fix inert N2 released from other denitrifying and/or anammox bacteria. This study further expands our understanding of microbial life in the largely unexplored deepest part of the ocean. IMPORTANCE The metabolic features and adaptation strategies of the nitrogen cycling microorganisms in the deepest part of the ocean are largely unknown. This study revealed that anammox bacteria might perform aerobic respiration in response to nutrient limitation or O2 fluctuations in the Mariana Trench sediments. Meanwhile, an abundant alkane-oxidizing Ketobacter species could fix N2 in hadal seawater. This study provides new insights into the roles of hadal microorganisms in global nitrogen biogeochemical cycles. It substantially expands our understanding of the microbial life in the largely unexplored deepest part of the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Huang
- Archaeal Biology Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Synthetic Biology Research Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinxu Zhang
- Archaeal Biology Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Synthetic Biology Research Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Xin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiwei Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng Li
- Archaeal Biology Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Synthetic Biology Research Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Naufal M, Wu JH. Chemomixoautotrophy and stress adaptation of anammox bacteria: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 257:121663. [PMID: 38669739 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria, which were first discovered nearly three decades ago, are crucial for treating ammonium-containing wastewater. Studies have reported on the biochemical nitrogen conversion process and the physiological, phylogenic, and ecological features of anammox bacteria. For a long time, anammox bacteria were assumed to have a lithoautotrophic lifestyle. However, recent studies have suggested the functional versatility of anammox bacteria. Genome-based analysis and experiments with enrichment cultures have demonstrated the association of the metabolic activities of anammox bacteria with different stress conditions, revealing the importance of utilizing specific organic substances, including organoautotrophy, for growth and adaptation to stress conditions. Our understanding regarding the utilization and metabolism of organic substances and their associations with anammox reactions in anammox bacteria is growing but still incomplete. In this review, we summarize the effect of the utilization of organic substances by anammox bacteria under environmental stress conditions, emphasizing their potential organoautotrophic activity and metabolic flexibility. Although most anammox bacteria may utilize specific organic substances, Ca. Brocadia exhibited the highest level of mixoautotrophic activity. The environmental factors that substantially affect the organoautotrophic activities of anammox bacteria were also examined. This review provides a new perspective on the organoautotrophic capacity of anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naufal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
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4
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Luo J, Wu Y, Fu H, Fu M, Liu M, Guo H, Jin L, Wang S. Shift in microorganism and functional gene abundance during completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121009. [PMID: 38718600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Nitrification-denitrification process has failed to meet wastewater treatment standards. The completely autotrophic nitrite removal (CANON) process has a huge advantage in the field of low carbon/nitrogen wastewater nitrogen removal. However, slow start-up and system instability limit its applications. In this study, the time of the start-up CANON process was reduced by using bio-rope as loading materials. The establishing of graded dissolved oxygen improved the stability of the CANON process and enhanced the stratification effect between functional microorganisms. Microbial community structure and the abundance of nitrogen removal functional genes are also analyzed. The results showed that the CANON process was initiated within 75 days in the complete absence of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) inoculation. The ammonium and nitrogen removal efficiencies of CANON process reached to 94.45% and 80.76% respectively. The results also showed that the relative abundance of nitrogen removal bacterial in the biofilm gradually increases with the dissolved oxygen content in the solution decreases. In contrast, the relative abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria was positively correlated with the dissolved oxygen content in the solution. The relative abundance of g__Candidatus_Brocadia in biofilm was 15.56%, and while g__Nitrosomonas was just 0.6613%. Metagenomic analysis showed that g__Candidatus_Brocadia also contributes 66.37% to the partial-nitrification functional gene Hao (K10535). This study presented a new idea for the cooperation between partial-nitrification and anammox, which improved the nitrogen removal system stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Luo
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China.
| | - Muxing Fu
- Xiamen Zhongrenhemei Biotechnology Co., Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Mian Liu
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Huibin Guo
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Rural Sewage Treatment and Water Safety, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China
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5
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Xiong YT, Liao XW, Guo JS, Fang F, Chen YP, Yan P. Potential Role of the Anammoxosome in the Adaptation of Anammox Bacteria to Salinity Stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6670-6681. [PMID: 38564406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The underlying adaptative mechanisms of anammox bacteria to salt stress are still unclear. The potential role of the anammoxosome in modulating material and energy metabolism in response to salinity stress was investigated in this study. The results showed that anammox bacteria increased membrane fluidity and decreased mechanical properties by shortening the ladderane fatty acid chain length of anammoxosome in response to salinity shock, which led to the breakdown of the proton motive force driving ATP synthesis and retarded energy metabolism activity. Afterward, the fatty acid chain length and membrane properties were recovered to enhance the energy metabolic activity. The relative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) area proportion of anammoxosome decreased from 55.9 to 38.9% under salinity stress. The 3D imaging of the anammox bacteria based on Synchrotron soft X-ray tomography showed that the reduction in the relative volume proportion of the anammoxosome and the concave surfaces was induced by salinity stress, which led to the lower energy expenditure of the material transportation and provided more binding sites for enzymes. Therefore, anammox bacteria can modulate nitrogen and energy metabolism by changing the membrane properties and morphology of the anammoxosome in response to salinity stress. This study broadens the response mechanism of anammox bacteria to salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xi-Wen Liao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jin-Song Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - You-Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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6
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Shaw DR, Tobon Gonzalez J, Bibiano Guadarrama C, Saikaly PE. Emerging biotechnological applications of anaerobic ammonium oxidation. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00061-1. [PMID: 38519307 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an energy-efficient method for nitrogen removal that opens the possibility for energy-neutral wastewater treatment. Research on anammox over the past decade has primarily focused on its implementation in domestic wastewater treatment. However, emerging studies are now expanding its use to novel biotechnological applications and wastewater treatment processes. This review highlights recent advances in the anammox field that aim to overcome conventional bottlenecks, and explores novel and niche-specific applications of the anammox process. Despite the promising results and potential of these advances, challenges persist for their real-world implementation. This underscores the need for a transition from laboratory achievements to practical, scalable solutions for wastewater treatment which mark the next crucial phase in the evolution of anammox research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Rangel Shaw
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Julian Tobon Gonzalez
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Bibiano Guadarrama
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pascal E Saikaly
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Environmental Science and Engineering Program, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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7
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Li M, Yao J, Wang Y, Sunahara G, Duran R, Liu J, Liu B, Liu H, Ma B, Li H, Pang W, Cao Y. Contrasting response strategies of sulfate-reducing bacteria in a microbial consortium to As 3+ stress under anaerobic and aerobic environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133052. [PMID: 38056257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The sulfate-reducing efficiency of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is strongly influenced by the presence of oxygen, but little is known about the oxygen tolerance mechanism of SRB and the effect of oxygen on the metalliferous immobilization by SRB. The performance evaluation, identification of bioprecipitates, and microbial and metabolic process analyses were used here to investigate the As3+ immobilization mechanisms and survival strategies of the SRB1 consortium under different oxygen-containing environments. Results indicated that the sulfate reduction efficiency was significantly decreased under aerobic (47.37%) compared with anaerobic conditions (66.72%). SEM analysis showed that under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, the morphologies of mineral particles were different, whereas XRD and XPS analyses showed that the most of As3+ bioprecipitates under both conditions were arsenic minerals such as AsS and As4S4. The abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Desulfovibrio, and Thiomonas anaerobic bacteria were significantly higher under anaerobic than aerobic conditions, whereas the aerobic Pseudomonas showed an opposite trend. Network analysis revealed that Desulfovibrio was positively correlated with Pseudomonas. Metabolic process analysis confirmed that under aerobic conditions the SRB1 consortium generated additional extracellular polymeric substances (rich in functionalities such as Fe-O, SO, CO, and -OH) and the anti-oxidative enzyme superoxide dismutase to resist As3+ stress and oxygen toxicity. New insights are provided here into the oxygen tolerance and detoxification mechanism of SRB and provide a basis for the future remediation of heavy metal(loid)-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yating Wang
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Robert Duran
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UPPA/E2S, IPREM CNRS, 5254 Pau, France
| | - Jianli Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UPPA/E2S, IPREM CNRS, 5254 Pau, France
| | - Houquan Liu
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Li
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wancheng Pang
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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8
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Liu W, Li J, Lu H, Peng Y. Sponge iron strengthens the activity of anammox biofilm under low nitrogen conditions in a two-stage fixed-bed biofilm reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120194. [PMID: 38430875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Strengthening the activity competitiveness of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria (AnAOB) under low nitrogen conditions is indispensable for mainstream anammox application. This study demonstrates that sponge iron addition (42.8 g/L) effectively increased apparent AnAOB activity and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production of low load anammox biofilms cultivated under low (influent of 60 mg N/L) and even ultra-low (influent of 10 mg N/L) nitrogen conditions. In-situ batch tests showed that after sponge iron addition the specific AnAOB activity in the low and ultra-low nitrogen systems further increased to 1.18 and 0.47 mmol/g VSS/h, respectively, with an apparent growth rate for AnAOB of 0.011 ± 0.001 d-1 and 0.004 ± 0.001 d-1, respectively. The averaged EPS concentration of anammox biofilm in both low (from 35.84 to 71.05 mg/g VSS) and ultra-low (from 44.14 to 57.59 mg/g VSS) nitrogen systems increased significantly, while a higher EPS protein/polysaccharide ratio, which was positively correlated with AnAOB activity, was observed in the low nitrogen system (3.54 ± 0.34) than that in the ultra-low nitrogen system (1.82 ± 0.10). In addition, Candidatus Brocadia was detected as dominant AnAOB in the anammox biofilm under the low (12.2 %) and ultra-low (24.7 %) nitrogen condition. Notably, the genus Streptomyces (26.3 %), capable for funge-like codenitrification, increased unexpectedly in the low nitrogen system, but not affecting the nitrogen removal performance. Therefore, using sponge iron to strengthen AnAOB activity under low nitrogen conditions is feasible, providing support for mainstream anammox applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Liu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Huijie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
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9
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Chen Y, Guo G, Li YY. Kinetic and elemental characterization of HAP-based high-rate partial nitritation/anammox system orienting stability and inorganic elemental requirements. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121169. [PMID: 38281335 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Anammox-based processes are attractive for biological nitrogen removal, and the combination of anammox and hydroxyapatite (HAP) is promising for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. However, the kinetics of one-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PNA) in which ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anammox bacteria (AnAOB) exist in a reactor are poorly understood. Moreover, inorganic elements are required to promote microbial cell synthesis and growth; therefore, monitoring of elements to prevent the limitation and inhibition of the process is critical. The minimum amounts of inorganic elements required for a one-stage PNA process and the elemental flow remain unknown. Therefore, in this study, kinetics, stoichiometry, and element flow in the long-term, high-rate, continuous, one-stage HAP-PNA process with microaerobic granular sludge at 25 °C were determined using process modeling, parameter estimation, and mass balance. The biomass elemental composition was determined to be CH2.2O0.89N0.18S0.0091, and the biomass yield (Yobs) was calculated to be 0.0805 g/g NH4+-N. Therefore, a stoichiometric reaction equation for the one-stage HAP-PNA system was also proposed. The maximum specific growth rate (μm) of AnAOB and AOB were 0.0360 and 0.0982 d-1 with doubling times of 19 and 7.1 d, respectively. Finally, the elemental requirements for stable and high-rate performance were determined using element flow analysis. These findings are essential for developing the anammox-based process in a stable and resource-efficient manner and determining engineering applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Guangze Guo
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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10
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Feng W, Zhang Q, Li J, Duan C, Peng Y. Novel anammox granules formation from conventional activated sludge for municipal wastewater treatment through flocs management. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 396:130384. [PMID: 38281548 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The direct integration of anammox process into municipal wastewater treatment has caused widespread concern, but the lack of anammox seeds limited its real application. This study successfully cultivated anammox granules (322.0 μm) from conventional activated sludge treating municipal wastewater. Through ultra-low floc sludge retention times of 8d, nitrifiers on flocs were eliminated and partial nitrification was realized. Furthermore, highly bacteria-enriched granules were initially formed, with Nitrosomonas and Ca. Competibacter 4-fold higher than that of flocs. Specific staining results revealed the microbial interaction with Ca. Brocadia, considering that Ca. Competibacter and Nitrosomonas correspondingly identified in the inner and outer layers of granules. The percentage of Ca. Brocadia present on the granules increased substantially from 0.0 % to 3.0 %, accompanied by a nitrogen removal rate of 0.3 kg·m-3·d-1. Our findings revealed a valuable reference for the anammox bacteria in-situ enrichment under mainstream conditions, which provides theoretical guidance for anammox-based processes practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyi Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jialin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Chenxue Duan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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11
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Cuecas A, Barrau MJ, Gonzalez JM. Microbial divergence and evolution. The case of anammox bacteria. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355780. [PMID: 38419632 PMCID: PMC10900513 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Species differentiation and the appearance of novel diversity on Earth is a major issue to understand the past and future of microbial evolution. Herein, we propose the analysis of a singular evolutive example, the case of microorganisms carrying out the process of anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation). Anammox represents a singular physiology active on Earth from ancient times and, at present, this group is still represented by a relatively limited number of species carrying out a specific metabolism within the Phylum Planctomycetota. The key enzyme on the anammox pathway is hydrazine dehydrogenase (HDH) which has been used as a model in this study. HDH and rRNA (16S subunit) phylogenies are in agreement suggesting a monophyletic origin. The diversity of this singular phylogenetic group is represented by a few enriched bacterial consortia awaiting to be cultured as monospecific taxa. The apparent evolution of the HDH genes in these anammox bacteria is highly related to the diversification of the anammox clades and their genomes as pointed by phylogenomics, their GC content and codon usage profile. This study represents a clear case where bacterial evolution presents a paralleled genome, gene and species diversification through time from a common ancestor; a scenario that most times is masked by a web-like phylogeny and the huge complexity within the prokaryotes. Besides, this contribution suggests that microbial evolution of the anammox bacteria has followed an ordered, vertical diversification through Earth history and will present a potentially similar speciation fate in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan M. Gonzalez
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology, Spanish National Council for Research, IRNAS-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
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12
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Gong Q, Zeng W, Ma B, Hao X, Zhan M, Peng Y. Ultra-stable mixotrophic denitrification coupled with anammox under organic stress for mainstream municipal wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120932. [PMID: 38043349 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) coupled with anammox is a promising process for autotrophic nitrogen removal in view of the stable nitrite accumulation during SAD. In this study, a mixotrophic nitrogen removal system integrating SAD, anammox and heterotrophic denitrification was established in a single-stage reactor. The long-term nitrogen removal performance was investigated under the intervention of organic carbon sources in real municipal wastewater. With the shortening of hydraulic retention time, the nitrogen removal rate of the mixotrophic system dominated by the autotrophic subsystem reached 0.46 Kg N/m³/d at an organic loading rate of 0.57 Kg COD/m³/d, with COD and total nitrogen removal efficiencies of 82.5 % and 94 %, respectively, realizing an ideal combination of autotrophic and heterotrophic systems. The 15NO3--N isotope labeling experiments indicated that thiosulfate-driven autotrophic denitrification was the main pathway for nitrite supply accounting for 80.6 %, while anammox exhibited strong competitiveness for nitrite under the dual electron supply of sulfur and organic carbon sources and contributed to 65.1 % of nitrogen removal. Sludge granulation created differential functional distributions in different forms of sludge, with SAD showing faster reaction rate as well as higher nitrite accumulation rate in floc sludge, while anammox was more active in granular sludge. Real-time quantitative PCR, RT-PCR and high-throughput sequencing results revealed a dynamically changing community composition at the gene and transcription levels. The decrease in heterotrophic denitrification bacteria abundance indicated the effectiveness of the operational strategy for introduction of thiosulfate and maintaining the dominance of SAD in denitrification process in suppressing the excessive growth of heterotrophic bacteria in the mixotrophic system. The high transcriptional expression of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) (Thiobacillus and Sulfurimonas) and anammox bacteria (Candaditus_Brocadia and Candidatus_Kuenenia) played a crucial role in the stable nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingteng Gong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Biao Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaojing Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mengjia Zhan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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13
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Yao X, Wang J, He M, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Li Y, Chi T, Zhu L, Zheng P, Jetten MSM, Hu B. Methane-dependent complete denitrification by a single Methylomirabilis bacterium. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:464-476. [PMID: 38228857 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Methane-dependent nitrate and nitrite removal in anoxic environments is thought to rely on syntrophy between ANME-2d archaea and bacteria in the genus 'Candidatus Methylomirabilis'. Here we enriched and purified a single Methylomirabilis from paddy soil fed with nitrate and methane, which is capable of coupling methane oxidation to nitrate reduction via nitrite to dinitrogen independently. Isotope labelling showed that this bacterium we name 'Ca. Methylomirabilis sinica' stoichiometrically performed methane-dependent complete nitrate reduction to dinitrogen gas. Multi-omics analyses collectively demonstrated that 'M. sinica' actively expressed a well-established pathway for this process, especially including nitrate reductase Nap. Furthermore, 'M. sinica' exhibited a higher nitrate affinity than most denitrifiers, implying its competitive fitness under oligotrophic nitrogen-limited conditions. Our findings revise the paradigm of methane-dependent denitrification performed by two organisms, and the widespread presence of 'M. sinica' in public databases suggests that the coupling of methane oxidation and complete denitrification in single cells substantially contributes to global methane and nitrogen budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyue He
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zishu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufen Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Taolve Chi
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mike S M Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Baolan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, China.
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14
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Zheng R, Wang C, Liu R, Cai R, Sun C. Physiological and metabolic insights into the first cultured anaerobic representative of deep-sea Planctomycetes bacteria. eLife 2024; 12:RP89874. [PMID: 38265071 PMCID: PMC10945688 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Planctomycetes bacteria are ubiquitously distributed across various biospheres and play key roles in global element cycles. However, few deep-sea Planctomycetes members have been cultivated, limiting our understanding of Planctomycetes in the deep biosphere. Here, we have successfully cultured a novel strain of Planctomycetes (strain ZRK32) from a deep-sea cold seep sediment. Our genomic, physiological, and phylogenetic analyses indicate that strain ZRK32 is a novel species, which we propose be named: Poriferisphaera heterotrophicis. We show that strain ZRK32 replicates using a budding mode of division. Based on the combined results from growth assays and transcriptomic analyses, we found that rich nutrients, or supplementation with NO3- or NH4+ promoted the growth of strain ZRK32 by facilitating energy production through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas glycolysis pathway. Moreover, supplementation with NO3- or NH4+ induced strain ZRK32 to release a bacteriophage in a chronic manner, without host cell lysis. This bacteriophage then enabled strain ZRK32, and another marine bacterium that we studied, to metabolize nitrogen through the function of auxiliary metabolic genes. Overall, these findings expand our understanding of deep-sea Planctomycetes bacteria, while highlighting their ability to metabolize nitrogen when reprogrammed by chronic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuan Zheng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Chong Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Rui Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Ruining Cai
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
- College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chaomin Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
- Center of Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
- College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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15
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Oshiki M, Morimoto E, Kobayashi K, Satoh H, Okabe S. Collaborative metabolisms of urea and cyanate degradation in marine anammox bacterial culture. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycad007. [PMID: 38304081 PMCID: PMC10833080 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Anammox process greatly contributes to nitrogen loss occurring in oceanic oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), where the availability of NH4+ is scarce as compared with NO2-. Remineralization of organic nitrogen compounds including urea and cyanate (OCN-) into NH4+ has been believed as an NH4+ source of the anammox process in oxygen minimum zones. However, urea- or OCN-- dependent anammox has not been well examined due to the lack of marine anammox bacterial culture. In the present study, urea and OCN- degradation in a marine anammox bacterial consortium were investigated based on 15N-tracer experiments and metagenomic analysis. Although a marine anammox bacterium, Candidatus Scalindua sp., itself was incapable of urea and OCN- degradation, urea was anoxically decomposed to NH4+ by the coexisting ureolytic bacteria (Rhizobiaceae, Nitrosomonadaceae, and/or Thalassopiraceae bacteria), whereas OCN- was abiotically degraded to NH4+. The produced NH4+ was subsequently utilized in the anammox process. The activity of the urea degradation increased under microaerobic condition (ca. 32-42 μM dissolved O2, DO), and the contribution of the anammox process to the total nitrogen loss also increased up to 33.3% at 32 μM DO. Urea-dependent anammox activities were further examined in a fluid thioglycolate media with a vertical gradient of O2 concentration, and the active collaborative metabolism of the urea degradation and anammox was detected at the lower oxycline (21 μM DO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Oshiki
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Emi Morimoto
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kanae Kobayashi
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
- Institute for Extra-Cutting-Edge Science and Technology Avant-Garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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16
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Teng Z, Lin X. Sediment nitrates reduction processes affected by non-native Sonneratia apetala plantation in South China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167523. [PMID: 37788768 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have highlighted the importance of nitrates (NOx-) reduction processes in estuarine and coastal ecosystems over the past decades. However, the biotic and abiotic factors sediment NOx- reduction processes in mangrove of varying ages are still not fully understood. Here, we investigated the dynamics of sediment NOx- reduction processes and associated gene abundances in mangroves of different ages (including 0-year unvegetated mudflats, 10 and 20-years Sonneratia apetala, as well as >40 years of mature native Kandelia obovate) on the Qi'ao Island using 15N stable-isotope pairing techniques and quantitative PCR. The denitrification (2.64-11.30 nmol g-1 h-1), anammox (0.06-0.83 nmol g-1 h-1), and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA, 0.58-16.34 nmol g-1 h-1) rates varied spatially and seasonally, but their contributions to the total NOx- reduction (DEN%, ANA%, and DNRA%), associated gene abundance (nirS, anammox 16S rRNA, and nrfA), and organic matter only varied spatially. Organic matter and microbial abundances are the dominating factors controlling N loss and retention. Without considering confounding factors, mangroves conservation and restoration significantly increased DNRA rates, NIRI (DNRA/(denitrification + anammox)), organic matter content, and microbial abundances (p < 0.05 for all), but reduced N loss rates. Mangroves conservation and restoration are estimated to have increased sediment N retention (~931.81 t N yr-1) and reduced N loss (~481.32 t N yr-1) in coastal wetlands of China over the past 40 years (1980-2020). Overall, our results indicate that mangrove restoration and conservation can significantly increase sediment N retention due to the rapid biomass accumulation, and it can provide more nutrients for mangrove and microorganism growth, thus creating a virtuous cycle in these N-limited ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Teng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xianbiao Lin
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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17
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Lin L, Zhang Y, Li YY. Enhancing start-up strategies for anammox granular sludge systems: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166398. [PMID: 37604370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been developed as one of the optimal alternatives to the conventional biological nitrogen removal process because of its high nitrogen removal capacity and low energy consumption. However, the slow growth rate of anammox bacteria and its high sensitivity to environmental changes have resulted in fewer anammox sludge sources for process start-up and a lengthy start-up period. Given that anammox microorganisms tend to aggregate, granular-anammox sludge is a frequent byproduct of the anammox process. In this study, we review state-of-the-art strategies for promoting the formation of anammox granules and the start-up of the anammox process based on the literature of the past decade. These strategies are categorized as the transformation of alternative sludge, the addition of accelerators, the introduction of functional carriers, and the implementation of other physical methods. In addition, the formation mechanism of anammox granules, the operational performance of various strategies, and their promotion mechanisms are introduced. Finally, prospects are presented to indicate the gaps in contemporary research and the potential future research directions. This review functions as a summary guideline and theoretical reference for the cultivation of granular-anammox sludge, the start-up of the anammox process, and its practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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18
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Cho K, Cho M, Kaiyrlinova S, Park J, Park S, Park N, Bae H. Improved regression model for anaerobic ammonium oxidation by repeated and prolonged batch assay under stressful salinity and pH conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 390:129896. [PMID: 37863338 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to propose repeated and prolonged batch (RPB) assay as a promising specific anammox activity (SAA) methodology assessing the anammox activity under stressed salinity and pH conditions. Response surface analysis (RSA) was used as a regression tool to evaluate statistical significance. The feasibility of RPB was investigated at 0 to 15 g-NaCl/L of salinity and pH 6 to 8 with reflecting the results of preliminary SAA. As a result, conventional SAA was statistically insignificant. In addition, the RSA results obtained from repeated batch did not meet the statistical significance despite ten times iterative reaction. Interestingly, the RPB assay (i.e., applied both repeated and prolonged reaction) was effective to obtain the reliable results. Candidadus Brocadia and Candidadus Jettenia were functional anammox microbiome during RPB. Outcomes of this study suggest that RPB assay can be applied to accurately determine the anammox activity under various stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjin Cho
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkee Cho
- Department of Civil, Urban, Earth and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Shugyla Kaiyrlinova
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163, Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suin Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nohback Park
- Marine and Fisheries Bio-resources Division, Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Government Complex, 5-Dong, 94, Dasom 2-Ro, Sejong 30110, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyokwan Bae
- Department of Civil, Urban, Earth and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan-National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Lu Y, Liu T, Niu C, Duan H, Zheng M, Hu S, Yuan Z, Wang H, Guo J. Challenges of suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in membrane aerated biofilm reactors by low dissolved oxygen control. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120754. [PMID: 37897992 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) and shortcut nitrogen removal are two types of solutions to reduce energy consumption in wastewater treatment, with the former improving the aeration efficiency and the latter reducing the oxygen demand. However, integrating these two solutions, i.e., achieving shortcut nitrogen removal in MABR, is challenging due to the difficulty in suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). In this study, four MABRs were established to demonstrate the feasibility of initiating, maintaining, and restoring NOB suppression using low dissolved oxygen (DO) control, in the presence and absence of anammox bacteria, respectively. Long-term results revealed that the strict low DO (< 0.1 mg/L) in MABR could initiate and maintain stable NOB suppression for more than five months with nitrite accumulation ratio above 90 %, but it was unable to re-suppress NOB once they prevailed. Moreover, the presence of anammox bacteria increased the threshold of DO level to maintain NOB suppression in MABRs, but it was still incapable to restore the deteriorated NOB suppression in conjunction with low DO control. Mathematical modelling confirmed the experimental results and further explored the differences of NOB suppression in conventional biofilms and MABR biofilms. Simulation results showed that it is more challenging to maintain stable NOB suppression in MABRs compared to conventional biofilms, regardless of biofilm thickness or influent nitrogen concentration. Kinetic mechanisms for NOB suppression in different types of biofilms were proposed, suggesting that it is difficult to wash out NOB developed in the innermost layer of MABR biofilms because of the high oxygen level and low sludge wasting rate. In summary, this study systematically demonstrated the challenges of NOB suppression in MABRs through both experiments and mathematical modelling. These findings provide valuable insights into the applications of MABRs and call for more studies in developing effective strategies to achieve stable shortcut nitrogen removal in this energy-efficient configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Chenkai Niu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Haoran Duan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zheng
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Wang
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co., Ltd, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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20
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Sun Y, Cao J, Xu R, Zhang T, Luo J, Xue Z, Chen S, Wang S, Zhou H. Influence of C/N ratio and ammonia on nitrogen removal and N 2O emissions from one-stage partial denitrification coupled with anammox. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140035. [PMID: 37660784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of low carbon treatment processes is an important issue worldwide. Partial denitrification coupled with anammox (PD/A) is a novel strategy to remove nitrogen and reduce N2O emissions. The influence of C/N ratio and NH4+ concentration on nitrogen removal and N2O emissions was investigated in batch reactors filled with PD/A coupled sludge. A C/N ratio of 2.1 was effective for nitrogen removal and N2O reduction; higher ammonia concentration might make anammox more active and indirectly reduce N2O emissions. Long-term operation further confirmed that a C/N ratio of 2.1 resulted in a minimum effluent N2O concentration (mean value of 0.94 μmol L-1); as the influent NH4+ concentration decreased to 50 mg L-1 (NH4+-N/NO3--N: 1), the nitrogen removal rate increased to 82.41%. Microbial analysis showed that anammox bacteria (Candidatus Jettenia and Ca. Brocadia) were enriched in the PD/A system and Ca. Brocadia gradually dominated the anammox community, with the relative abundance increasing from 1.69% to 18.44% between days 97 and 141. Finally, functional gene analysis indicated that the abundance of nirS/K and hao involved in partial denitrification and anammox, respectively, increased during long-term operation of the reactor; this change benefitted nitrogen metabolism in anammox, which could indirectly reduce N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Guohe Environmental Research Institute (Nanjing) Co, Ltd, Nanjing, 211599, China.
| | - Runze Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Guohe Environmental Research Institute (Nanjing) Co, Ltd, Nanjing, 211599, China
| | - Zhaoxia Xue
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Guohe Environmental Research Institute (Nanjing) Co, Ltd, Nanjing, 211599, China
| | - Shaofeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hailun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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21
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Chen J, Wu P, Yang Z, Zhou L, Zhu Z, Wu Z, Zhang K, Wang Y, Ruth G. A critical review of improving mainstream anammox systems: Based on macroscopic process regulation and microscopic enhancement mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116770. [PMID: 37516268 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Full-scale anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) engineering applications are vastly limited by the sensitivity of anammox bacteria to the complex mainstream ambience factors. Therefore, it is of great necessity to comprehensively summarize and overcome performance-related challenges in mainstream anammox process at the macro/micro level, including the macroscopic process variable regulation and microscopic biological metabolic enhancement. This article systematically reviewed the recent important advances in the enrichment and retention of anammox bacteria and main factors affecting metabolic regulation under mainstream conditions, and proposed key strategies for the related performance optimization. The characteristics and behavior mechanism of anammox consortia in response to mainstream environment were then discussed in details, and we revealed that the synergistic nitrogen metabolism of multi-functional bacterial genera based on anammox microbiome was conducive to mainstream anammox nitrogen removal processes. Finally, the critical outcomes of anammox extracellular electron transfer (EET) at the micro level were well presented, carbon-based conductive materials or exogenous electron shuttles can stimulate and mediate anammox EET in mainstream environments to optimize system performance from a micro perspective. Overall, this review advances the extensive implementation of mainstream anammox practice in future as well as shedding new light on the related EET and microbial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Junjiang Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China.
| | - Zhiqiu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Zixuan Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Kangyu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Guerra Ruth
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
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22
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Wright CL, Lehtovirta-Morley LE. Nitrification and beyond: metabolic versatility of ammonia oxidising archaea. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:1358-1368. [PMID: 37452095 PMCID: PMC10432482 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01467-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia oxidising archaea are among the most abundant living organisms on Earth and key microbial players in the global nitrogen cycle. They carry out oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, and their activity is relevant for both food security and climate change. Since their discovery nearly 20 years ago, major insights have been gained into their nitrogen and carbon metabolism, growth preferences and their mechanisms of adaptation to the environment, as well as their diversity, abundance and activity in the environment. Despite significant strides forward through the cultivation of novel organisms and omics-based approaches, there are still many knowledge gaps on their metabolism and the mechanisms which enable them to adapt to the environment. Ammonia oxidising microorganisms are typically considered metabolically streamlined and highly specialised. Here we review the physiology of ammonia oxidising archaea, with focus on aspects of metabolic versatility and regulation, and discuss these traits in the context of nitrifier ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe L Wright
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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23
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Hu Z, Liu T, Su Z, Zhao J, Guo J, Hu S, Yuan Z, Zheng M. Adaptation of anammox process for nitrogen removal from acidic nitritation effluent in a low pH moving bed biofilm reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120370. [PMID: 37482002 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Acidic partial nitritation (PN) has emerged to be a promisingly stable process in wastewater treatment, which can simultaneously achieve nitrite accumulation and about half of ammonium reduction. However, directly applying anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process to treat the acidic PN effluent (pH 4-5) is susceptible to the inhibition of anammox bacteria. Here, this study demonstrated the adaptation of anammox process to acidic pH in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). By feeding the laboratory-scale MBBR with acidic PN effluent (pH = 4.6 ± 0.2), the pH of an anammox reactor was self-sustained in the range of pH 5 - 6. Yet, a high total nitrogen removal efficiency of over 80% at a practical loading rate of up to 149.7 ± 3.9 mg N/L/d was achieved. Comprehensive microbial assessment, including amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, cryosection-FISH, and qPCR, identified that Candidatus Brocadia, close to known neutrophilic members, was the dominant anammox bacteria. Anammox bacteria were found present in the inner layer of thick biofilms but barely present in the surface layer of thick biofilms and in thin biofilms. Results from batch tests also showed that the activity of anammox biofilms could be maintained when subjected to pH 5 at a nitrite concentration of 10 mg N/L, whereas the activity was completely inhibited after disturbing the biofilm structure. These results collectively indicate that the anammox bacteria enriched in the present acidic MBBR could not be inherently acid-tolerant. Instead, the achieved stable anammox performance under the acidic condition is likely due to biofilm stratification and protection. This result highlights the biofilm configuration as a useful solution to address nitrogen removal from acidic PN effluent, and also suggests that biofilm may play a critical role in protecting anammox bacteria found in many acidic nature environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhetai Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zicheng Su
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jing Zhao
- Ecological Engineering of Mine Wastes, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong China.
| | - Min Zheng
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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24
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Liu T, Hu S, Yuan Z, Guo J. Simultaneous dissolved methane and nitrogen removal from low-strength wastewater using anaerobic granule-based sequencing batch reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120194. [PMID: 37320879 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic treatment of mainstream wastewater has been proposed as a promising solution to enhance bioenergy recovery for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, the limited organics for downstream nitrogen removal and emissions of dissolved methane into the atmosphere are two major barriers to the broad application of anaerobic wastewater treatment. This study aims to develop a novel technology to overcome these two challenges by achieving simultaneous removal of dissolved methane and nitrogen, and unravel the microbial competitions underpinning the process from the microbial and kinetic perspectives. To this end, a laboratory granule-based sequencing batch reactor (GSBR) coupling anammox and nitrite/nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-DAMO) microorganisms was developed to treat wastewater mimicking effluent from mainstream anaerobic treatment. The GSBR achieved high-level nitrogen and dissolved methane removal rates (> 250 mg N/L/d and > 65 mg CH4/L/d) and efficiencies (> 99% total nitrogen removal and > 90% total methane removal) during the long-term demonstration. The availability of different electron acceptors (nitrite or nitrate) imposed significant effects on the removal of ammonium and dissolved methane, as well as on the microbial communities, and the abundance and expression of functional genes. The analysis of apparent microbial kinetics showed that anammox bacteria had a higher nitrite affinity than n-DAMO bacteria, while n-DAMO bacteria had a higher methane affinity than n-DAMO archaea. These kinetics underpin the observation that nitrite is a preferred electron acceptor for removing ammonium and dissolved methane than nitrate. The findings not only extend the applications of novel n-DAMO microorganisms in nitrogen and dissolved methane removal, but also provide insights into microbial cooperation and competition in granular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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25
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Huang J, Wang C, Zhang S, Han X, Feng R, Li Y, Huang X, Wang J. Optimizing nitrogenous organic wastewater treatment through integration of organic capture, anaerobic digestion, and anammox technologies: sustainability and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27410-6. [PMID: 37261686 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
With China's recent commitment to reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality, anaerobic digestion and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) have emerged as promising technologies for treating nitrogenous organic wastewater. Anaerobic digestion can convert organic matter into volatile fatty acids (VFAs), methane, and other chemicals, while anammox can efficiently remove nitrogen with minimal energy consumption. This study evaluates the principles and characteristics of enhanced chemical flocculation and bioflocculation, as well as membrane separation, for capturing organic matter. Additionally, the paper evaluates the production of acids and methane from anaerobic digestion, exploring the influence of various factors and the need for control strategies. The features, challenges, and concerns of partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) and partial denitrification-anammox (PD/A) are also outlined. Finally, an integrated system that combined organic capture, anaerobic digestion, and anammox is proposed as a sustainable and effective solution for treating nitrogenous organic wastewater and recovering energy and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd (BDG), Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd (BDG), Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Rongfei Feng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ding 11#, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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26
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Yan F, Wang S, Huang Z, Liu Y, He L, Qian F. Microbial ecological responses of partial nitritation/anammox granular sludge to real water matrices and its potential application. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 226:115701. [PMID: 36931374 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Granular sludges are commonly microbial aggregates used to apply partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) processes during efficient biological nitrogen removal from ammonium-rich wastewater. Considering keystone taxa of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) in granules and their sensitivity to unfavorable environments, it is essential to investigate microbial responses of autotrophic PN/A granules to real water matrices containing organic and inorganic pollutants. In this study, tap water, surface water, and biotreated wastewater effluents were fed into a series of continuous PN/A granular reactors, respectively, and the differentiation in functional activity, sludge morphology, microbial community structure, and nitrogen metabolic pathways was analyzed by integrating kinetic batch testing, size characterization, and metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that feeding of biotreated wastewater effluents causes significant decreases in nitrogen removal activity and washout of AnAOB (dominated by Candidatus Kuenenia) from autotrophic PN/A granules due to the accumulation of heavy metals and formation of cavities. Microbial co-occurrence networks and nitrogen cycle-related genes provided evidence for the high dependence of symbiotic heterotrophs (such as Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes) on anammox metabolism. The enhancement of Nitrosomonas nitritation in the granules would be considered as an important contributor to greenhouse gas (N2O) emissions from real water matrices. In a novel view on the application of microbial responses, we suggest a bioassay of PN/A granules by size characterization of red-color cores in ecological risk assessment of water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziheng Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyue Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Chen Y, Feng G, Guo G, Urasaki K, Kubota K, Li YY. Improved Properties and Enhancement Strategies of Hydroxyapatite-Based Functional Granular Sludge for a High-Rate Partial Nitritation/Anammox System. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7624-7633. [PMID: 37141566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Retaining sufficient anammox bacteria (AnAOB) while keeping the anammox-based process stable is the focus of the study of anammox technology, especially in a one-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PNA) process. The use of hydroxyapatite (HAP) granules in an anammox-based process is innovative for its potential to improve the nitrogen removal rate and achieve simultaneous removal of phosphorus. In this study, the HAP-based granular sludge was employed using enhancement strategies for an excellent nitrogen removal performance in a one-stage PNA process. Compared to those of other granular sludge PNA systems, a remarkable sludge volume index of 7.8 mL/g and an extremely high mixed liquor volatile suspended solids of 15 g/L were achieved under a low hydraulic retention time of 2 h. Consequently, an unprecedented nitrogen removal rate as high as 4.8 kg N/m3/d at 25 °C was obtained under a nitrogen loading rate of 6 kg N/m3/d. After a long-term operation of 870 days, the enhancement strategies underlying the superior performance of the granular sludge were identified. These findings clearly demonstrate that the enhancement strategies are crucial for the superior operating performance of the PNA process, and they can promote the application of the anammox-based process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Gaoxuefeng Feng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Guangze Guo
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kampachiro Urasaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
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28
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Okabe S, Ye S, Lan X, Nukada K, Zhang H, Kobayashi K, Oshiki M. Oxygen tolerance and detoxification mechanisms of highly enriched planktonic anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:45. [PMID: 37137967 PMCID: PMC10156729 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-023-00251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen is a key regulatory factor of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Although the inhibitory effect of oxygen is evident, a wide range of oxygen sensitivities of anammox bacteria have been reported so far, which makes it difficult to model the marine nitrogen loss and design anammox-based technologies. Here, oxygen tolerance and detoxification mechanisms of four genera of anammox bacteria; one marine species ("Ca. Scalindua sp.") and four freshwater anammox species ("Ca. Brocadia sinica", "Ca. Brocadia sapporoensis", "Ca. Jettenia caeni", and "Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis") were determined and then related to the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes. Highly enriched planktonic anammox cells were exposed to various levels of oxygen, and oxygen inhibition kinetics (50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and upper O2 limits (DOmax) of anammox activity) were quantitatively determined. A marine anammox species, "Ca. Scalindua sp.", exhibited much higher oxygen tolerance capability (IC50 = 18.0 µM and DOmax = 51.6 µM) than freshwater species (IC50 = 2.7-4.2 µM and DOmax = 10.9-26.6 µM). The upper DO limit of "Ca. Scalindua sp." was much higher than the values reported so far (~20 µM). Furthermore, the oxygen inhibition was reversible even after exposed to ambient air for 12-24 h. The comparative genome analysis confirmed that all anammox species commonly possess the genes considered to function for reduction of O2, superoxide anion (O2•-), and H2O2. However, the superoxide reductase (Sor)-peroxidase dependent detoxification system alone may not be sufficient for cell survival under microaerobic conditions. Despite the fact that anaerobes normally possess no or little superoxide dismutase (Sod) or catalase (Cat), only Scalindua exhibited high Sod activity of 22.6 ± 1.9 U/mg-protein with moderate Cat activity of 1.6 ± 0.7 U/mg-protein, which was consistent with the genome sequence analysis. This Sod-Cat dependent detoxification system could be responsible for the higher O2 tolerance of Scalindua than other freshwater anammox species lacking the Sod activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okabe
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Shaoyu Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Keishi Nukada
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Haozhe Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kanae Kobayashi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
- Super-cutting-edge Grand and Advanced Research (SUGAR) Program, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Mamoru Oshiki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
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29
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Gao M, Dang H, Zou X, Yu N, Guo H, Yao Y, Liu Y. Deciphering the role of granular activated carbon (GAC) in anammox: Effects on microbial succession and communication. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119753. [PMID: 36841162 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) offered an energy-efficient option for nitrogen removal from wastewater. Granular activated carbon (GAC) addition has been reported that improved biomass immobilization, but the role of GAC in anammox reactors has not been sufficiently revealed. In this study, it was observed that GAC addition in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor led to the significantly shortened anammox enrichment time (shortened by 45 days) than the reactor without GAC addition. The nitrogen removal rate was 0.83 kg N/m3/day versus 0.76 kg N/m3/day in GAC and non-GAC reactors, respectively after 255 days' operation. Acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum sensing signal molecule C8-HSL had comparable concentrations in both anammox reactors, whereas the signal molecule C12-HSL was more pervasive in the reactor containing GAC than the reactor without GAC. Microbial analysis revealed distinct anammox development in both reactors, with Candidatus Brocadia predominant in the reactor that did not contain GAC, and Candidatus Kuenenia predominant in the reactor that contained GAC. Denitrification bacteria likely supported anammox metabolism in both reactors. The analyses of microbial functions suggested that AHL-dependent quorum sensing was enhanced with the addition of GAC, and that GAC possibly augmented the extracellular electron transfer (EET)-dependent anammox reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongyu Dang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xin Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Najiaowa Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hengbo Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yiduo Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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30
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Vilardi K, Cotto I, Bachmann M, Parsons M, Klaus S, Wilson C, Bott CB, Pieper KJ, Pinto AJ. Co-Occurrence and Cooperation between Comammox and Anammox Bacteria in a Full-Scale Attached Growth Municipal Wastewater Treatment Process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:5013-5023. [PMID: 36913533 PMCID: PMC10061930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cooperation between comammox and anammox bacteria for nitrogen removal has been recently reported in laboratory-scale systems, including synthetic community constructs; however, there are no reports of full-scale municipal wastewater treatment systems with such cooperation. Here, we report intrinsic and extant kinetics as well as genome-resolved community characterization of a full-scale integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) system where comammox and anammox bacteria co-occur and appear to drive nitrogen loss. Intrinsic batch kinetic assays indicated that majority of the aerobic ammonia oxidation was driven by comammox bacteria (1.75 ± 0.08 mg-N/g TS-h) in the attached growth phase, with minimal contribution by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Interestingly, a portion of total inorganic nitrogen (∼8%) was consistently lost during these aerobic assays. Aerobic nitrite oxidation assays eliminated the possibility of denitrification as a cause of nitrogen loss, while anaerobic ammonia oxidation assays resulted in rates consistent with anammox stoichiometry. Full-scale experiments at different dissolved oxygen (DO = 2 - 6 mg/L) setpoints indicated persistent nitrogen loss that was partly sensitive to DO concentrations. Genome-resolved metagenomics confirmed the high abundance (relative abundance 6.53 ± 0.34%) of two Brocadia-like anammox populations, while comammox bacteria within the Ca. Nitrospira nitrosa cluster were lower in abundance (0.37 ± 0.03%) and Nitrosomonas-like ammonia oxidizers were even lower (0.12 ± 0.02%). Collectively, our study reports for the first time the co-occurrence and cooperation of comammox and anammox bacteria in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Vilardi
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Irmarie Cotto
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
| | - Megan Bachmann
- Hampton
Roads Sanitation District, 1434 Air Rail Avenue, Virginia
Beach, Virginia 23455, United States
| | - Mike Parsons
- Hampton
Roads Sanitation District, 1434 Air Rail Avenue, Virginia
Beach, Virginia 23455, United States
| | - Stephanie Klaus
- Hampton
Roads Sanitation District, 1434 Air Rail Avenue, Virginia
Beach, Virginia 23455, United States
| | - Christopher Wilson
- Hampton
Roads Sanitation District, 1434 Air Rail Avenue, Virginia
Beach, Virginia 23455, United States
| | - Charles B. Bott
- Hampton
Roads Sanitation District, 1434 Air Rail Avenue, Virginia
Beach, Virginia 23455, United States
| | - Kelsey J. Pieper
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ameet J. Pinto
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
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31
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Wang X, Yang H, Wang J. Gel-immobilized partial nitritation/anammox achieves reliable nitrogen removal at different concentrations of nitrogen and reactivation processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 370:128561. [PMID: 36587771 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A two-stage partial nitritation/anammox process based on microbial encapsulation (PN/A-E) was established. The nitrogen removal characteristics of PN/A-E under high and low ammonia nitrogen and after reactivation following a long-term shutdown were comprehensively investigated and compared with anammox granular sludge (AnGS). The stable PN process did not depend on high ammonia nitrogen, and the nitrite accumulation rate reached 95.2 ± 0.7 %. The overall nitrogen removal rate of encapsulated anammox bacteria was twice that of the AnGS, and it was more tolerant to external interference. Moreover, PN/A-E showed good reactivation performance, and the total nitrogen in the effluent was 10.0 ± 1.4 mg·L-1 when the final hydraulic retention time was 2.18 h. The immobilized fillers support an increase in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria under restricted conditions and were more conducive to the dominance of functional bacteria and the stability of microbial community under low ammonia nitrogen. This study provides a positive method to achieve a reliable PN/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - JiaWei Wang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
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32
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Shao YH, Wu YW, Naufal M, Wu JH. Genome-centered metagenomics illuminates adaptations of core members to a partial Nitritation-Anammox bioreactor under periodic microaeration. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1046769. [PMID: 36778888 PMCID: PMC9909701 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1046769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The partial nitritation-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox; PN-A) process has been considered a sustainable method for wastewater ammonium removal, with recent attempts to treat low-strength wastewater. However, how microbes adapt to the alternate microaerobic-anoxic operation of the process when treating low ammonium concentrations remains poorly understood. In this study, we applied a metagenomic approach to determine the genomic contents of core members in a PN-A reactor treating inorganic ammonium wastewater at loading as low as 0.0192 kg-N/m3/day. The metabolic traits of metagenome-assembled genomes from 18 core species were analyzed. Taxonomically diverse ammonia oxidizers, including two Nitrosomonas species, a comammox Nitrospira species, a novel Chloroflexota-related species, and two anammox bacteria, Ca. Brocadia and Ca. Jettenia, accounted for the PN-A reactions. The characteristics of a series of genes encoding class II ribonucleotide reductase, high-affinity bd-type terminal oxidase, and diverse antioxidant enzymes revealed that comammox Nitrospira has a superior adaptation ability over the competitors, which may confer the privileged partnership with anammox bacteria in the PN-A reactor. This finding is supported by the long-term monitoring experiment, showing the predominance of the comammox Nitrospira in the ammonia-oxidizing community. Metagenomic analysis of seven heterotrophs suggested that nitrate reduction is a common capability in potentially using endogenous carbohydrates and peptides to enhance nitrogen removals. The prevalence of class II ribonucleotide reductase and antioxidant enzymes genes may grant the adaptation to cyclically microaerobic/anoxic environments. The predominant heterotroph is affiliated with Chloroflexota; its genome encodes complete pathways for synthesizing vitamin B6 and methionine. By contrast, other than the two growth factors, Nitrospira and anammox bacteria are complementary to produce various vitamins and amino acids. Besides, the novel Chloroflexota-related ammonia oxidizer lacks corresponding genes for detoxifying the reactive oxygen species and thus requires the aid of co-existing members to alleviate oxidative stress. The analysis results forecast the exchanges of substrates and nutrients as well as the collective alleviation of oxidative stress among the core populations. The new findings of the genomic features and predicted microbial interplay shed light on microbial adaptation to intermittent microaeration specific to the PN-A reactor, which may aid in improving its application to low-strength ammonium wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hsien Shao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Wu
- College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Naufal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Jer-Horng Wu, ✉
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Yu Z, He X, Li Z, Zhou S, Guo D, Pu H, Luo H. Anammox bacterial abundance and diversity in different temperatures of purple paddy soils by 13C-DNA stable-isotope probing combined with high-throughput sequencing. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1098681. [PMID: 36756352 PMCID: PMC9899793 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1098681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) plays a vital role in the global nitrogen cycle by oxidizing ammonium to nitrogen under anaerobic environments. However, the existence, abundance, and diversity of anammox bacteria between different temperatures are less studied, particularly in purple paddy soils. Methods 13C-DNA stable-isotope probe combined with Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was employed to explore soil abundance and diversity of anammox bacteria. In doing so, 40-60 cm depth soils from typical purple paddy soils in Chongqing, southwest China, were cultured under 12CO2-labeled and 13CO2-labeled at 35°C, 25°C, 15°C, and 5°C for 56 days. Results and Discussion Anammox bacteria were not labeled at all by 13CO2 at 5°C. The highest abundance of anammox bacteria was found at 25°C (3.52 × 106~3.66 × 106 copies·g-1 dry soil), followed by 35°C and 15°C (2.01 × 106~2.37 × 106 copies·g-1 dry soil) and almost no increase at 5°C. The relative abundance of Candidatus Jettenia sp. was higher at 25°C and 15°C, while Candidatus Brocadia sp. was higher at 35°C and 5°C. Our results revealed differences in anammox bacteria at different temperatures in purple paddy soils, which could provide a better understanding of soil N cycling regulated by anammox bacteria.
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Lin L, Ishida K, Zhang Y, Usui N, Miyake A, Abe N, Li YY. Improving the biomass retention and system stability of the anammox EGSB reactor by adding a calcium silicate hydrate functional material. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159719. [PMID: 36302421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Improving the biomass retention and the sludge system stability to promote the full-scale application of anammox process is the focus of current related research. In this study, a calcium silicate hydrate functional material with calcium-releasing ability and weak alkalinity was used for an enhanced anammox process. In the long-term operation, an increase in the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) from 2.75 to 13.38 gN/L/d was achieved after 50 days of operation, with the abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia increased from 40.1 % to 47.0 %. The anammox activity was strengthened from 0.089 to 0.55 gN/gVSS/d over 50 days, with a growth rate being fitted at 0.0310 d-1. The resilience of the EGSB anammox system after inhibitions was investigated by substrate shock and low pH shock in long-term operation and batch test. Besides that, the phosphorus removal efficiency of the reactor reached up to 90 % under the positive effect of functional material. The functional material was shown to continuously provide calcium in the long-term for the reaction of hydroxyapatite (HAP) formation, which further improved the granular properties of the sludge and the biomass retention ability of the reactor. The promotion effect of functional material on the sludge granulation and anammox microbes retaining efficiency was the key for a high-resilience anammox EGSB reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kyuto Ishida
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Norihiro Usui
- Central Research Laboratory, Taiheiyo Cement Corp., 2-4-2, Osaku, Sakura, Chiba 285-8655, Japan
| | - Ayaka Miyake
- Central Research Laboratory, Taiheiyo Cement Corp., 2-4-2, Osaku, Sakura, Chiba 285-8655, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Abe
- Environmental Business Development Department, Taiheiyo Cement Corp., 1-1-1, Koishikawa, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8503, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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35
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Suarez C, Hackl T, Wilen BM, Persson F, Hagelia P, Jetten MSM, Dalcin Martins P. Novel and unusual genes for nitrogen and metal cycling in Planctomycetota- and KSB1-affiliated metagenome-assembled genomes reconstructed from a marine subsea tunnel. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad049. [PMID: 37291701 PMCID: PMC10732223 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Oslofjord subsea road tunnel is a unique environment in which the typically anoxic marine deep subsurface is exposed to oxygen. Concrete biodeterioration and steel corrosion in the tunnel have been linked to the growth of iron- and manganese-oxidizing biofilms in areas of saline water seepage. Surprisingly, previous 16S rRNA gene surveys of biofilm samples revealed microbial communities dominated by sequences affiliated with nitrogen-cycling microorganisms. This study aimed to identify microbial genomes with metabolic potential for novel nitrogen- and metal-cycling reactions, representing biofilm microorganisms that could link these cycles and play a role in concrete biodeterioration. We reconstructed 33 abundant, novel metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) affiliated with the phylum Planctomycetota and the candidate phylum KSB1. We identified novel and unusual genes and gene clusters in these MAGs related to anaerobic ammonium oxidation, nitrite oxidation, and other nitrogen-cycling reactions. Additionally, 26 of 33 MAGs also had the potential for iron, manganese, and arsenite cycling, suggesting that bacteria represented by these genomes might couple these reactions. Our results expand the diversity of microorganisms putatively involved in nitrogen and metal cycling, and contribute to our understanding of potential biofilm impacts on built infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Suarez
- Division of Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hackl
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, GELIFES, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
| | - Britt-Marie Wilen
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Frank Persson
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Per Hagelia
- Construction Division, The Norwegian Public Roads, Administration, Oslo 0667, Norway
| | - Mike S M Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, RIBES, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, Netherlands
| | - Paula Dalcin Martins
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, GELIFES, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
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36
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Ismail IN, Taufik M, Umor NA, Norulhuda MR, Zulkarnaini Z, Ismail S. Anammox process for aquaculture wastewater treatment: operational condition, mechanism, and future prospective. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:3093-3112. [PMID: 36579872 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of ammonia- and nitrate-rich wastewater, such as that generated in the aquaculture industry, is important to prevent environmental pollution. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been reported as a great alternative in reducing ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in aquaculture wastewater treatment compared to conventional treatment systems. This paper will highlight the impact of the anammox process on aquaculture wastewater, particularly in the regulation of ammonia and nitrogen compounds. The state of the art for anammox treatment systems is discussed in comparison to other available treatment methods. While the anammox process is viable for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater, the efficiency of nitrogen removal could be further improved through the proper use of anammox bacteria, operating conditions, and microbial diversity. In conclusion, a new model of the anammox process is proposed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismafatin Nabilah Ismail
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - Muhammad Taufik
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - N A Umor
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Ramli Norulhuda
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
| | - Shahrul Ismail
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia E-mail:
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37
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Hong S, De Clippeleir H, Goel R. Response of mixed community anammox biomass against sulfide, nitrite and recalcitrant carbon in terms of inhibition coefficients and functional gene expressions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136232. [PMID: 36055592 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has evolved as a carbon and energy-efficient nitrogen management bioprocess. However, factors such as inhibitory chemicals still challenge the easy operation of this powerful bioprocess. This research systematically evaluated the inhibition kinetics of sulfide, nitrite, and recalcitrant carbon under a genomic framework. The inhibition at the substrate and genetic levels of sulfide, nitrite and recalcitrant carbon on anammox activity was studied using batch tests. Nitrite inhibition of anammox followed substrate inhibition and was best described by the Aiba model with an inhibition coefficient [Formula: see text] of 324.04 mg N/L. Hydrazine synthase (hzsB) gene (anammox biomarker) expression was increased over time when incubated with nitrite up to 400 mg N/L. However, despite having the highest specific nitrite removal (SNR), the expression of hzsB at 100 and 200 mg N/L of nitrite was more muted than in most other samples with lower SNRs. Sulfide severely inhibited anammox activities. The inhibition was fitted with a Monod-based model with a [Formula: see text] of 4.39 mg S/L. At a sulfide concentration of 5 mg/L, the hzsB expression decreased throughout the experiment from its original value at he beginning. Recalcitrant carbon of filtrate from thermal hydrolysis process pretreated anaerobic digester had a minimal effect on maximum specific anammox activity (MSAA), and thus the value of the inhibition coefficient could not be calculated. At the same time, its hzsB expression profile was similar to that in the control. Resiliency and recovery tests indicated that the inhibition of nitrite (up to 400 mg N/L) and recalcitrant carbon (in 100% filtrate) were reversible. About 32% of MSAA was recovered after repeated exposures to sulfide at 2.5 mg/L, while at 5 mg/L, the inhibition was irreversible. Findings from this study will be helpful for the successful design and implementation of anammox in full-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soklida Hong
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, 110 S Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, United States.
| | | | - Ramesh Goel
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, 110 S Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, United States.
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38
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Zhang Q, Zhang J, Zhao L, Liu W, Chen L, Cai T, Ji XM. Microbial dynamics reveal the adaptation strategies of ecological niche in distinct anammox consortia under mainstream conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114318. [PMID: 36116498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of anammox-based processes for nitrogen-contained wastewater treatment has been verified with different anammox bacteria, however, the ecological niche of anammox bacteria under mainstream conditions is still elusive. In this study, six sludge samples collected from different habitats were utilized to culture anammox bacteria under mainstream conditions, and two distinct anammox genera (Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Brocadia) with a relative abundance of 6.31% (C1) and 3.09% (C3), respectively, were identified. Notably, the microbial dynamics revealed that anammox bacteria (AMX), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), Chloroflexi bacteria (CFX), and heterotrophic denitrification bacteria (HDB) were the core members in anammox consortia. However, Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Brocadia occupied different ecological niches in anammox consortia. The dissolved oxygen and microbial structures of the anammox-continuous stirred tank reactor systems were the main factors to affect their niche differentiation. Meanwhile, comammox might exist in the systems and occupy the ecological niche of AOB in nitrogen cycling. The network analysis suggested that Ignavibacterium could be the associated bacteria in Ca. Kuenenia-dominated consortia, while Ca. Nitrotoga was that in the Ca. Brocadia-dominated consortia. Our findings reveal a valuable reference for the observation of distinct anammox genera under mainstream conditions, which provides theoretical guidance for the engineering application of mainstream anammox-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Leizhen Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tianming Cai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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39
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Zhu Z, Qin J, Chen Z, Chen Y, Chen H, Wang X. Sulfammox forwarding thiosulfate-driven denitrification and anammox process for nitrogen removal. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113904. [PMID: 35863443 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The coupled process of thiosulfate-driven denitrification (NO3-→NO2-) and Anammox (TDDA) was a promising process for the treatment of wastewater containing NH4+-N and NO3--N. However, the high concentration of SO42- production limited its application, which needs to be alleviated by an economical and effective way to promote the application of TDDA process. In this study, TDDA process was started in a relatively short time by stepwise replacing nitrite with nitrate and operated continuously for 146 days. Results presented that the average total nitrogen removal efficiency of 82.18% can be acquired at a high loading rate of 1.98 kg N/(m3·d) with maximum nitrogen removal efficiency up to 87.04%. It was observed that the increase of S/N ratio improved the denitrification efficiency and slightly inhibit the Anammox process. Batch tests showed that Sulfammox process appeared in TDDA process under certain conditions, further contributing 2.59% nitrogen removal and 10.46% sulfur removal (14.42 mg/L NH4+-N and 37.68 mg/L SO42--S were removed). This finding was mainly attributed to the reduction of sulfate in TDDA system to elemental S0 or HS-, which subsequently was used as an electron donor to realize the recycling of sulfate (SO42--S) pollutants and promote the sulfur-nitrogen (S-N) cycle. High-throughput analysis displayed that Anammox bacteria (Candidatus_Kuenenia), Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thiobacillus) with relatively high abundance of 5.37%, 7.74%, respectively, guaranteeing the excellent nitrogen and sulfate removal performance in the reactor. The enrichment of phyla Chloroflexi (31.79%), Proteobacteria (31.82%), class Ignavibacteriales (10.55%), genus Planctomycetes (13.57%) further verified the exitence of Sulfammox process in the TDDA reactor. This study provides a new perspective for the practical application of TDDA in terms of reducing the production of high concentration SO42- and saving operational cost and strengthening deeply nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jiafu Qin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Haochuan Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan, 528300, China.
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40
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Yang Y, Lu Z, Azari M, Kartal B, Du H, Cai M, Herbold CW, Ding X, Denecke M, Li X, Li M, Gu JD. Discovery of a new genus of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria with a mechanism for oxygen tolerance. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 226:119165. [PMID: 36257158 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the past 20 years, there has been a major stride in understanding the core mechanism of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria, but there are still several discussion points on their survival strategies. Here, we discovered a new genus of anammox bacteria in a full-scale wastewater-treating biofilm system, tentatively named "Candidatus Loosdrechtia aerotolerans". Next to genes of all core anammox metabolisms, it encoded and transcribed genes involved in the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), which coupled to oxidation of small organic acids, could be used to replenish ammonium and sustain their metabolism. Surprisingly, it uniquely harbored a new ferredoxin-dependent nitrate reductase, which has not yet been found in any other anammox genome and might confer a selective advantage to it in nitrate assimilation. Similar to many other microorganisms, superoxide dismutase and catalase related to oxidative stress resistance were encoded and transcribed by "Ca. Loosdrechtia aerotolerans". Interestingly, bilirubin oxidase (BOD), likely involved in oxygen resistance of anammox bacteria under fluctuating oxygen concentrations, was identified in "Ca. Loosdrechtia aerotolerans" and four Ca. Brocadia genomes, and its activity was demonstrated using purified heterologously expressed proteins. A following survey of oxygen-active proteins in anammox bacteria revealed the presence of other previously undetected oxygen defense systems. The novel cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase and bifunctional catalase-peroxidase may confer a selective advantage to Ca. Kuenenia and Ca. Scalindua that face frequent changes in oxygen concentrations. The discovery of this new genus significantly broadens our understanding of the ecophysiology of anammox bacteria. Furthermore, the diverse oxygen tolerance strategies employed by distinct anammox bacteria advance our understanding of their niche adaptability and provide valuable insight for the operation of anammox-based wastewater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyi Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammad Azari
- Department of Aquatic Environmental Engineering, Institute for Water and River Basin Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Gotthard-Franz-Str. 3, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Boran Kartal
- Microbial Physiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Huan Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Craig W Herbold
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Xinghua Ding
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Martin Denecke
- Department of Urban Water- and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 15, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Ren ZQ, Wang H, Zhang LG, Du XN, Huang BC, Jin RC. A review of anammox-based nitrogen removal technology: From microbial diversity to engineering applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127896. [PMID: 36070811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has the advantages of high efficiency and low energy consumption, so it has broad application prospects in biological denitrification of wastewater. However, the application of anammox technology to existing wastewater treatment is still challenging. The main problems are the insufficient supply of nitrite and the susceptibility of anammox bacteria to environmental factors. In this paper, from the perspective of the diversity of anammox bacteria, the habitats and characteristics of anammox bacteria of different genera were compared. At the same time, laboratory research and engineering applications of anammox technology in treating wastewater from different sources were reviewed, and the progress of and obstacles to the practical application of anammox technology were clarified. Finally, a focus for future research was proposed to intensively study the water quality barrier factors of anammox and its regulation strategies. Meanwhile, a combined process was developed and optimized on this basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qi Ren
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Li-Ge Zhang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xue-Ning Du
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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42
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Li L, Li S, Ma X, Yan Y. Effects of Urban Green Infrastructure Designs on Soil Bacterial Community Composition and Function. Ecosystems 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-022-00797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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43
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Wang X, Yang H, Liu X, Wang J. Formation mechanisms and assembly patterns of anammox biofilm induced by carrier type: Novel insights based on low-strength wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127863. [PMID: 36055541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The morphological structure, properties, microbial community and function of anammox biofilms induced by large-pore carriers (Bls), small-pore carriers, filament carriers and non-carriers (Bn) in low-strength wastewater were comprehensively studied. The carriers promoted biomass accumulation and agglomeration, with Bls demonstrating the highest biomass proportion of 0.76, the highest specific anammox activity (0.41 kgN/(kgVSS·d)-1) and the largest aggregates. Hydraulic shearing stimulated Bn to secrete most extracellular polymeric substances and capture more inorganic ions for enhanced strength. Metagenomic sequencing showed that the four biofilms shared a common core flora, but differed in cross-metabolism. The proportion of the functional bacterium Candidatus Brocadia was highest in Bls, while the increase in heterotrophic bacteria in Bn supported stronger metabolic capacity. Finally, the proposed anisotropic or isotropic carrier structure was identified as the key to generating "uniform development" and "central development" models. This study is helpful for understanding the anammox aggregation mechanism and carrier optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - XuYan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - JiaWei Wang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
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44
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Deng YF, Zan FX, Huang H, Wu D, Tang WT, Chen GH. Coupling sulfur-based denitrification with anammox for effective and stable nitrogen removal: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 224:119051. [PMID: 36113234 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anoxic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process for wastewater treatment. However, the unstable nitrite supply and residual nitrate in the anammox process have limited its wide application. Recent studies have proven coupling of sulfur-based denitrification with anammox (SDA) can achieve an effective nitrogen removal, owing to stable provision of substrate nitrite from the sulfur-based denitrification, thus making its process control more efficient in comparison with that of partial nitrification and anammox process. Meanwhile, the anammox-produced nitrate can be eliminated through sulfur-based denitrification, thereby enhancing SDA's overall nitrogen removal efficiency. Nonetheless, this process is governed by a complex microbial system that involves both complicated sulfur and nitrogen metabolisms as well as multiple interactions among sulfur-oxidising bacteria and anammox bacteria. A comprehensive understanding of the principles of the SDA process is the key to facilitating the development and application of this novel process. Hence, this review is conducted to systematically summarise various findings on the SDA process, including its associated biochemistry, biokinetic reactions, reactor performance, and application. The dominant functional bacteria and microbial interactions in the SDA process are further discussed. Finally, the advantages, challenges, and future research perspectives of SDA are outlined. Overall, this work gives an in-depth insight into the coupling mechanism of SDA and its potential application in biological nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Fan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Republic of Korea
| | - Wen-Tao Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
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45
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Tan X, Nie WB, Xie GJ, Dang CC, Wang XW, Xing D, Liu BF, Ding J, Ren N. Deciphering the Inhibition of Ethane on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:13419-13427. [PMID: 35917334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and nitrification, two common biological ammonium oxidation pathways, are critical for the microbial nitrogen cycle. Short chain alkanes (C2-C8) have been well-known as inhibitors for nitrification through interaction with the ammonia monooxygenase, while whether these alkanes affect anammox is an open question. Here, this work demonstrated significant inhibition of ethane on anammox and revealed the inhibitory mechanism. The acute inhibition of ethane on anammox was concentration-dependent and reversible; 0.86 mM dissolved ethane caused 50% inhibition (IC50), and 1.72 mM ethane almost completely inhibited anammox. After long-term exposure to 0.09 mM ethane for 30 days, the ammonium (nitrite) removal rate dropped from 202 (267) mg N L-1 d-1 to 1 (1) mg N L-1 d-1, and the abundance of anammox bacteria decreased from 61.9% to 9.5%. The intercellular ammonium concentration of anammox bacteria decreased after ethane exposure, while metatranscriptome analysis showed significant upregulation of genes for ammonium transport of anammox bacteria. Thus, ethane could suppress ammonium uptake resulting in the inhibition of anammox activities. As ethane is the second most prevalent alkane after methane in various anoxic environments, ethane may have an important effect on the nitrogen cycle driven by anammox that should be investigated in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wen-Bo Nie
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Guo-Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Bing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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46
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Naufal M, Wu JH, Shao YH. Glutamate Enhances Osmoadaptation of Anammox Bacteria under High Salinity: Genomic Analysis and Experimental Evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11310-11322. [PMID: 35913201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An osmoprotectant that alleviates the bacterial osmotic stress can improve the bioreactor treatment of saline wastewater. However, proposed candidates are expensive, and osmoprotectants of anammox bacteria and their ecophysiological roles are not fully understood. In this study, a comparative analysis of 34 high-quality public metagenome-assembled genomes from anammox bacteria revealed two distinct groups of osmoadaptation. Candidatus Scalindua and Kuenenia share a close phylogenomic relation and osmoadaptation gene profile and have pathways for glutamate transport and metabolisms for enhanced osmoadaptation. The batch assay results demonstrated that the reduced Ca. Kuenenia activity in saline conditions was substantially alleviated with the addition and subsequent synergistic effects of potassium and glutamate. The operational test of two reactors demonstrated that the reduced anammox performance under brine conditions rapidly recovered by 35.7-43.1% as a result of glutamate treatment. The Ca. Kuenenia 16S rRNA and hydrazine gene expressions were upregulated significantly (p < 0.05), and the abundance increased by approximately 19.9%, with a decrease in dominant heterotrophs. These data demonstrated the effectiveness of glutamate in alleviating the osmotic stress of Ca. Kuenenia. This study provides genomic insight into group-specific osmoadaptation of anammox bacteria and can facilitate the precision management of anammox reactors under high salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naufal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsien Shao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
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47
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Liao T, Wang S, Stüeken EE, Luo H. Phylogenomic evidence for the Origin of Obligately Anaerobic Anammox Bacteria around the Great Oxidation Event. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6653777. [PMID: 35920138 PMCID: PMC9387917 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria can transform ammonium and nitrite to dinitrogen gas, and this obligate anaerobic process accounts for up to half of the global nitrogen loss in surface environments. Yet its origin and evolution, which may give important insights into the biogeochemistry of early Earth, remain enigmatic. Here, we performed a comprehensive phylogenomic and molecular clock analysis of anammox bacteria within the phylum Planctomycetes. After accommodating the uncertainties and factors influencing time estimates, which include implementing both a traditional cyanobacteria-based and a recently developed mitochondria-based molecular dating approach, we estimated a consistent origin of anammox bacteria at early Proterozoic and most likely around the so-called Great Oxidation Event (GOE; 2.32–2.5 Ga) which fundamentally changed global biogeochemical cycles. We further showed that during the origin of anammox bacteria, genes involved in oxidative stress adaptation, bioenergetics, and anammox granules formation were recruited, which might have contributed to their survival on an increasingly oxic Earth. Our findings suggest the rising levels of atmospheric oxygen, which made nitrite increasingly available, was a potential driving force for the emergence of anammox bacteria. This is one of the first studies that link the GOE to the evolution of obligate anaerobic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Liao
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sishuo Wang
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Eva E Stüeken
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Centre for Exoplanet Science, University of St Andrews, Bute Building, Queen's Terrace, KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Haiwei Luo
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
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48
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Pimenov NV, Nikolaev YA, Dorofeev AG, Grachev VA, Kallistova AY, Kanapatskii TA, Litti YV, Gruzdev EV, Begmatov SA, Ravin NV, Mardanov AV. Introduction of Exogenous Activated Sludge as a Way to Enhance the Efficiency of Nitrogen Removal in the Anammox Process. Microbiology (Reading) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261722300178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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49
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Lin L, Luo Z, Ishida K, Urasaki K, Kubota K, Li YY. Fast formation of anammox granules using a nitrification-denitrification sludge and transformation of microbial community. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118751. [PMID: 35728499 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A lengthy start-up period has been one of the key obstacles limiting the application of the anammox process. In this investigation, a nitrification-denitrification sludge was used to start-up the anammox EGSB process. The transformation process from nitrification-denitrification sludge to anammox granule sludge was explored through the aspects of nitrogen removal performance, granule properties, microbial community structure, and evolution route. A successful start-up of the anammox process was achieved after 94 days of reactor operation. The highest nitrogen removal rate (NRR) obtained was 7.25±0.16 gN/L/d at a nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 8.0 gN/L/d, and the corresponding nitrogen removal efficiency was a high 90.61±1.99%. The results of the microbial analysis revealed significant changes in anammox bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria in the sludge. Notably, the anammox bacteria abundance increased from 2.5% to 29.0% during the operation, and Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were the dominant genera. Distinct-different successions on Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia were also observed over the long-term period. In addition, the settling performance, anammox activity and biomass retention capacity of the granules were significantly enhanced during this process, and the corresponding granule evolution route was also proposed. The results in this study indicate the feasibility of using available seed sludge source for the fast-transformation of anammox granules, it is beneficial to the large-scale application of anammox process and the utilization of excess sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zibin Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kyuto Ishida
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kampachiro Urasaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan.
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50
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Chen L, Zhao B, Palomo A, Sun Y, Cheng Z, Zhang M, Xia Y. Micron-scale biogeography reveals conservative intra anammox bacteria spatial co-associations. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118640. [PMID: 35661503 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Micron-scale resolution can help to reliably identify true taxon-taxon interactions in complex microbial communities. Despite widespread recognition of the critical role of metabolic interactions in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) system performance, no studies have examined microbial interactions at the micron-scale in anammox consortia. To fill this gap, we extensively sampled (totally 242 samples) the consortia of a lab-scale anammox reactor at different length scales, including bulk-scale (∼cm), macro-scale (300-500 µm) and micron-scale (70-100 µm). We firstly observed evident micron-scale heterogeneity in anammox consortia, with the relative abundance of anammox bacteria fluctuated greatly across individual clusters (2.0%-79.3%), indicating that the biotic interactions play a significant role in the assembly of anammox communities under well-controlled and well-mixed condition. Importantly, by mapping the spatial associations in anammox consortia at micron-scale, we demonstrated that the conserved co-associations for anammox bacteria were restricted to three different Brocadia species over time, and their co-associations with heterotrophs were random, implying that there was no statistically significant symbiotic interaction between anammox bacteria and other heterotrophic populations. Further metagenomic binning revealed that the quorum sensing with secondary messenger c-di-GMP potentially holding on the conservative metabolic cooperation among Brocadia species. These results shed new light on the social behavior of the anammox community. Overall, delineating of biological structures at micron-scale opens a new way of monitoring the microbial spatial structure and interactions, paving the way for improved community engineering of biotreatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bixi Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Alejandro Palomo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhanwen Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yu Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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