1
|
Loheide-Niesmann L, Riem MME, Cima M. The impact of maternal childhood maltreatment on child externalizing behaviour and the mediating factors underlying this association: a three-level meta-analysis and systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2445-2470. [PMID: 36463548 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Child maltreatment can negatively impact not only survivors but also survivors' children. However, research on the intergenerational effect of maternal childhood maltreatment on child externalizing behaviour has yielded contradictory results and has not yet been systematically synthesised. The current three-level meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to provide a quantitative estimate of the strength of the association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour and to summarise research on potential mediating factors of this association. PsycINFO, PubMed, and Embase were searched and 39 studies with 82 effects sizes were included in the meta-analysis. Results revealed a small significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour (r = 0.16; 95% CI 0.12-0.19; publication bias-adjusted effect size: r = 0.12, 95% CI 0.08-0.16). Maternal mental health, particularly depressive symptoms, maternal parenting and children's maltreatment exposure were the most frequently examined mediators of this association, with relatively robust mediating effects for children's maltreatment exposure and maternal depressive symptoms, but mixed evidence for the mediating role of maternal parenting. This meta-analysis provides evidence for a small but significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and children's externalizing behaviour, emphasizing the need to develop effective preventive and intervention strategies to minimise the effects of childhood maltreatment on the next generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Loheide-Niesmann
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Madelon M E Riem
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maaike Cima
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- VIGO, Juvenile Youth Institutions (YouthCarePLUS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pinsonneault M, Parent S, Castellanos-Ryan N, Zelazo PD, Séguin JR, Tremblay RE. Transactional associations between vocabulary and disruptive behaviors during the transition to formal schooling. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1529-1539. [PMID: 35796242 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the transactional relations between vocabulary and disruptive behaviors (DB; physical aggression and opposition/rule breaking/theft and vandalism), during the transition to formal schooling, using a community sample of 572 children. Cross-lagged panel model analyses were used to examine bidirectional relationships, comparing physical aggression to non-aggressive DB. Transactional associations between vocabulary and DB were observed, coinciding with school entry. Lower vocabulary in preschool (60mo.) was predictive of higher physical aggression scores in kindergarten. In turn, higher physical aggression in kindergarten was predictive of lower vocabulary in 1st grade. For non-aggressive DB, recurrent associations were found. Lower verbal skills in preschool (42mo.) and kindergarten predicted higher non-aggressive DB scores later in preschool and in 1st grade respectively. In turn, higher non-aggressive DB in kindergarten predicted lower vocabulary scores in 1st grade. In contrast to transactional paths from vocabulary to DB, transactional paths from DB to vocabulary observed after the transition to elementary school remained significant after controlling for comorbid hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention behaviors, suggesting these links were specific to aggressive and non-aggressive DB. Practical implications for prevention are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Pinsonneault
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Parent
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalie Castellanos-Ryan
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Philip David Zelazo
- Department of Psychology and Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jean R Séguin
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Degli Esposti M, Matijasevich A, Collishaw S, Martins-Silva T, Santos IS, Baptista Menezes AM, Domingues MR, Wehrmeister FC, Barros F, Murray J. Secular trends and social inequalities in child behavioural problems across three Brazilian cohort studies (1993, 2004 and 2015). Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2023; 32:e23. [PMID: 37066785 PMCID: PMC10130841 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796023000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Previous epidemiological evidence identified a concerning increase in behavioural problems among young children from 1997 to 2008 in Brazil. However, it is unclear whether behavioural problems have continued to increase, if secular changes vary between sociodemographic groups and what might explain changes over time. We aimed to monitor changes in child behavioural problems over a 22-year period from 1997 to 2019, examine changing social inequalities and explore potential explanations for recent changes in behavioural problems between 2008 and 2019. METHODS The Child Behaviour Checklist was used to compare parent-reported behavioural problems in 4-year-old children across three Brazilian birth cohorts assessed in 1997 (1993 cohort, n = 633), 2008 (2004 cohort, n = 3750) and 2019 (2015 cohort, n = 577). Response rates across all three population-based cohorts were over 90%. Moderation analyses tested if cross-cohort changes differed by social inequalities (demographic and socioeconomic position), while explanatory models explored whether changes in hypothesized risk and protective factors in prenatal development (e.g., smoking during pregnancy) and family life (e.g., maternal depression and harsh parenting) accounted for changes in child behavioural problems from 2008 to 2019. RESULTS Initial increases in child behavioural problems from 1997 to 2008 were followed by declines in conduct problems (mean change = -2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.56, -1.94; P < 0.001), aggression (mean change = -1.84; 95% CI: -2.51, -1.17; P < 0.001) and rule-breaking behaviour (mean change = -0.91; 95% CI: -1.13, -0.69 P < 0.001) from 2008 to 2019. Sex differences in rule-breaking behaviour diminished during this 22-year period, whereas socioeconomic inequalities in behavioural problems emerged in 2008 and then remained relatively stable. Consequently, children from poorer and less educated families had higher behavioural problems, compared to more socially advantaged children, in the two more recent cohorts. Changes in measured risk and protective factors partly explained the reduction in behavioural problems from 2008 to 2019. CONCLUSIONS Following a rise in child behavioural problems, there was a subsequent reduction in behavioural problems from 2008 to 2019. However, social inequalities increased and remained high. Continued monitoring of behavioural problems by subgroups is critical for closing the gap between socially advantaged and disadvantaged children and achieving health equity for the next generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Degli Esposti
- Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephan Collishaw
- Wolfson Centre for Young People’s Mental Health and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Thaís Martins-Silva
- Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Iná S. Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Barros
- Post Graduate Course in Health in the Life Cycle, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Joseph Murray
- Human Development and Violence Research Centre (DOVE), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Heino E, Fröjd S, Marttunen M, Kaltiala R. Transgender identity is associated with severe suicidal ideation among Finnish adolescents. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2023; 35:101-108. [PMID: 33866702 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2021-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emerging evidence reveals disparities in suicidal behaviour and ideation exist between transgender and cisgender youth. It has been hypothesized that certain gender minority specific risk factors, such as experiences of victimization, could partially explain the mental health disparities between transgender and cisgender youth. We set out to explore whether transgender identity is associated with severe suicidal ideation among Finnish adolescents and whether the possible association persist when a range of covariates is controlled for. METHODS The study included 1,425 pupils (mean age (SD) = 15.59 (0.41)) who participated in the study during a school lesson. Logistic regression was used to study associations between transgender identity and severe suicidal ideation. RESULTS Four models, each adding more covariates, were created. The final model revealed a statistically significant association between transgender identity and severe suicidal ideation, even though the association grew weaker as more covariates were added and controlled for. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that transgender identity is associated with severe suicidal ideation even after prominent covariates or risk factors of suicidal behaviour and ideation have been taken into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Heino
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sari Fröjd
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mauri Marttunen
- Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riittakerttu Kaltiala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Husby SM, Skalická V, Li Z, Belsky J, Wichstrøm L. Reciprocal Relations Between Conflicted Student-teacher Relationship and Children's Behavior Problems: Within-person Analyses from Norway and the USA. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:331-342. [PMID: 36301413 PMCID: PMC9908624 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that conflicted student-teacher relationships may increase behavior problems in children and vice-versa, but this may be due to confounding. We therefore analyzed their relation applying a within-person approach that adjusts for all time-invariant confounding effects, involving samples from Norway (n = 964, 50.9% females) and the USA (n = 1,150, 48.3% females) followed from age 4-12 years with similar measures. Increased parent-reported behavior problems forecasted increased student-teacher conflict to a similar extent in both countries (β = 0.07, p = .010), whereas teacher-reported behavior problems predicted increased student-teacher conflict more strongly in Norway (β = 0.14, p = .001) than in the US (β = 0.08, p = .050). Increased teacher-child conflict also predicted increased parent-reported (β = 0.07, p = .010), but not teacher-reported, behavior problems in both countries. Findings underscore the reciprocal relation between behavior problems and a conflictual student-teacher relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silje Merethe Husby
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. .,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Věra Skalická
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jay Belsky
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ,Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Lars Wichstrøm
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olav’s Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
De Luca R, Maggio MG, Leonardi S, Marra A, Casella C, Calabrò RS. Is psychosocial rehabilitation useful in older people living in nursing homes? A pilot study on long-term cognitive and behavioural outcomes. Psychogeriatrics 2022; 22:180-186. [PMID: 34894028 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related changes in cognitive and behavioural functions, although common, may vary considerably across individuals and cognitive domains. There is limited evidence focusing on the benefits of training based on cognitive/social learning principles in the elderly. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Assertive Social Skill Training (ASST) in improving cognitive and mood outcomes in a sample of older patients living in a Sicilian nursing home. METHODS Forty-seven older subjects were enrolled in this case-control study. Each participant was evaluated by a neuropsychologist, through the administration of a short psychometric battery using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), at three time points: before (T0), immediately following (T1), and 6 months after the end of the training (T2). Both groups received cognitive behavioural therapy and psychological support, but the experimental group received the ASST protocol (60 sessions, five times a week, for 12 weeks, each session lasting about 60 min), whilst the control group participated in group meetings with recreational activities. RESULTS Post-hoc analysis showed that only patients receiving ASST presented a statistically significant improvement in global cognitive functions (MMSE: P < 0.001), frontal abilities (FAB: P < 0.001), and mood (GDS: P < 0.001); these positive outcomes were maintained at T2. CONCLUSIONS Promising treatments, like the ASST, aimed at potentiating cognitive, behavioural, and social skills, are needed to improve older people's quality of life, especially when they live in nursing homes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angela Marra
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Casella
- Department of Neuroscience, AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wright N, Pickles A, Sharp H, Hill J. A psychometric and validity study of callous-unemotional traits in 2.5 year old children. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8065. [PMID: 33850187 PMCID: PMC8044146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are associated with severe and stable antisocial behaviour in childhood and adolescence. In order to understand the earliest origins of CU traits we need first to know whether measurement is reliable and valid in young children. This study evaluated the psychometric properties and validity of a CU traits measure generated from existing child problem behaviour scales at age 2.5 years. The participants were members of an epidemiological longitudinal study starting in pregnancy. Items from the Antisocial Process Screening Device and other problem behaviour scales were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modelling was used to test whether age 2.5 CU traits showed incremental validity in predicting aggression at age 5. The CU measure showed acceptable psychometric properties, factorial invariance by sex and good stability. Incremental prediction to later aggression was evident in girls, whereas boys showed strong continuity in aggression not found for girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Wright
- Biostatistics Department at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Andrew Pickles
- Biostatistics Department at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, Camberwell, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Helen Sharp
- Institute of Life and Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jonathan Hill
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Björnsdotter A, Ghaderi A, Enebrink P. Cluster Analysis of Child Externalizing and Prosocial Behaviors in a Randomized Effectiveness Trial of the Family-Check Up and Internet-Delivered Parent Training (iComet). J Pers Oriented Res 2021; 6:88-102. [PMID: 33569154 PMCID: PMC7869620 DOI: 10.17505/jpor.2020.22403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore whether children with various externalizing/prosocial behavior profiles benefit differently from face-to-face training than from an internet-based parent management training (PMT) programme. Methods A total of 231 families with children (aged 10 to 13 years) with externalizing behavior problems (EBP) were randomized to receive either the Family Check-Up, delivered by therapists in the community, or the internet-based PMT program (iComet). Person-oriented analysis was used for subtyping the children according to combinations of prosocial behavior and EBP. Results The person-oriented analysis resulted in five significantly different clusters. There were no significant differences between the five clusters in relation to the total difficulties score of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, family warmth or family conflict, but the within-group effect sizes for the main outcome (total difficulties score) from baseline to post-treatment varied from Cohen’s d of 0.52 to 2.56. There were no significant interaction effects between the clusters and type of intervention. However, for children high on symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and moderate to high on oppositional defiant disorder, and low to relatively high on prosocial behaviors (Cluster 3 respectively 5), substantial residual EBP-symptomatology remained at post-treatment, although both interventions resulted in significant effects. The other three clusters were within the non-clinical EBP-range at post-intervention, irrespective of treatment condition. There were no significant differences between the clusters regarding treatment completion rate (ranging from 47.2% to 67.4%). This study illustrates the value of distinguishing between different profiles of children in the context of PMT for parents of children with EBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ata Ghaderi
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pia Enebrink
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kohls G, Fairchild G, Bernhard A, Martinelli A, Smaragdi A, Gonzalez-Madruga K, Wells A, Rogers JC, Pauli R, Oldenhof H, Jansen L, van Rhijn A, Kersten L, Alfano J, Baumann S, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Vetro A, Lazaratou H, Hervas A, Fernández-Rivas A, Popma A, Stadler C, De Brito SA, Freitag CM, Konrad K. Neuropsychological Subgroups of Emotion Processing in Youths With Conduct Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:585052. [PMID: 33414731 PMCID: PMC7783416 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.585052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: At the group level, youths with conduct disorder (CD) show deficient emotion processing across various tasks compared to typically developing controls (TDC). But little is known about neuropsychological subgroups within the CD population, the clinical correlates of emotion processing deficits [for instance, with regard to the presence or absence of the DSM-5 Limited Prosocial Emotions (LPE) specifier], and associated risk factors. Methods: 542 children and adolescents with CD (317 girls) and 710 TDCs (479 girls), aged 9-18 years, were included from the FemNAT-CD multisite study. All participants completed three neuropsychological tasks assessing emotion recognition, emotion learning, and emotion regulation. We used a self-report measure of callous-unemotional traits to create a proxy for the LPE specifier. Results: Relative to TDCs, youths with CD as a group performed worse in all three emotion domains. But using clinically based cut-off scores, we found poor emotion recognition skills in only 23% of the participants with CD, followed by emotion regulation deficits in 18%, and emotion learning deficits in 13% of the CD group. Critically, the majority of youths with CD (~56%) did not demonstrate any meaningful neuropsychological deficit, and only a very small proportion showed pervasive deficits across all three domains (~1%). Further analyses indicate that established DSM-5 subtypes of CD are not tightly linked to neurocognitive deficits in one particular emotion domain over another (i.e., emotion recognition deficits in CD+LPE vs. emotion regulation deficits in CD-LPE). Conclusions: Findings from this large-scale data set suggest substantial neuropsychological diversity in emotion processing in the CD population and, consequently, only a subgroup of youths with CD are likely to benefit from additional behavioral interventions specifically targeting emotion processing mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Kohls
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Child Neuropsychology Section, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Graeme Fairchild
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Anka Bernhard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anne Martinelli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Areti Smaragdi
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Amy Wells
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jack C. Rogers
- School of Psychology, Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Pauli
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Oldenhof
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health – Mental Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lucres Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health – Mental Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arthur van Rhijn
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health – Mental Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Linda Kersten
- Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janine Alfano
- Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Baumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Agnes Vetro
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Pediatrics and Child Health Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Helen Lazaratou
- Child and Adolescent Unit of the 1st Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Amaia Hervas
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Unit, University Hospital Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Arne Popma
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health – Mental Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christina Stadler
- Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephane A. De Brito
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christine M. Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kerstin Konrad
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Child Neuropsychology Section, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-Brain Institute II, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, RWTH Aachen and Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Prinzie P, Onghena P, Hellinckx W, Grietens H, Ghesquière P, Colpin H. Parent and child personality characteristics as predictors of negative discipline and externalizing problem behaviour in children. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Negative discipline has been linked to childhood externalizing behaviour. However, relatively little attention has been given to the potential effect of individual personality characteristics of children and parents. Using the Five Factor Model, we examined the extent to which parents' and children's personality characteristics were related to parenting and children's externalizing behaviour in a proportional stratified general population sample (N=599) of elementary‐school‐aged children. Based on Patterson's macromodel of parenting, an initial model was built, hypothesizing that the impact of parents' and child's personality dimensions on externalizing problems was fully mediated by negative discipline. Results supported a modified model that added direct pathways between parent and child personality characteristics and externalizing problem behaviour. For the mother data, as well as for the father data, children's Extraversion and Imagination were positively related to children's externalizing problem behaviours. Children's Benevolence and Conscientiousness and parents' Emotional Stability were negatively related to externalizing problem behaviours. For the mother data, maternal Agreeableness was positively related to externalizing problem behaviours too. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Prinzie
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Onghena
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - W. Hellinckx
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Grietens
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Ghesquière
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Colpin
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Osigwe I, Gadow KD, Nachman S, Drabick DAG. Symptom Profiles of CD and ODD Among Youth With Perinatally Acquired HIV. J Pediatr Psychol 2020; 45:72-80. [PMID: 31599943 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Youth with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) face increased risk for conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, and heterogeneous findings indicate that there may be subgroups of youth with PHIV differing in the quality and/or frequency of symptoms. The present study examined symptom profiles of CD and ODD among youth with PHIV and whether profiles differed in terms of parent-child and family correlates. METHODS Participants included 314 youth with PHIV, aged 6-17 years (M = 12.88 years, SD = 3.08; 51% male; 85% Black or Latinx), and their caregivers who were recruited from 29 clinics in the US involved in the International Maternal Pediatrics Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Group's P1055 study. Caregivers reported on youth CD and ODD symptoms, parent-child interactions, and family environment. RESULTS Latent class analysis indicated that a four-class model (i.e., moderate CD/high ODD, high ODD, moderate ODD, low CD/ODD) best fit the data. Ancillary analyses to validate these classes revealed differences for family cohesion and conflict; and child-centeredness, detachment, guilt-induced control, and consistency in parent-child interactions. The low CD/ODD class generally differed from other classes with additional differentiation between some higher risk profiles. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that homogeneous classes of CD/ODD symptoms can be identified among youth with PHIV, and these profiles differ in terms of family processes, consistent with previous work among chronically ill youth.
Collapse
|
12
|
Monoamine and neuroendocrine gene-sets associate with frustration-based aggression in a gender-specific manner. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 30:75-86. [PMID: 29191428 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Investigating phenotypic heterogeneity in aggression and understanding the molecular biological basis of aggression subtypes may lead to new prevention and treatment options. In the current study, we evaluated the taxonomy of aggression and examined specific genetic mechanisms underlying aggression subtypes in healthy males and females. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to replicate a recently reported three-factor model of the Reactive Proactive Questionnaire (RPQ) in healthy adults (n = 661; median age 24.0 years; 41% male). Gene-set association analysis, aggregating common genetic variants within (a combination of) three molecular pathways previously implicated in aggression, i.e. serotonergic, dopaminergic, and neuroendocrine signaling, was conducted with MAGMA software in males and females separately (total n = 395) for aggression subtypes. We replicate the three-factor CFA model of the RPQ, and found males to score significantly higher on one of these factors compared to females: proactive aggression. The genetic association analysis showed a female-specific association of genetic variation in the combined gene-set with a different factor of the RPQ; reactive aggression due to internal frustration. Both the neuroendocrine and serotonergic gene-sets contributed significantly to this association. Our genetic findings are subtype- and sex-specific, stressing the value of efforts to reduce heterogeneity in research of aggression etiology. Importantly, subtype- and sex-differences in the underlying pathophysiology of aggression suggest that optimal treatment options will have to be tailored to the individual patient. Male and female needs of intervention might differ, stressing the need for sex-specific further research of aggression. Our work highlights opportunities for sample size maximization offered by population-based studies of aggression.
Collapse
|
13
|
Therriault D, Lemelin JP, Toupin J, Dery M, Paquette D. L’attachement aux parents et aux pairs chez les adolescents et adolescentes avec ou sans trouble du comportement. ENFANCE 2019. [DOI: 10.3917/enf2.194.0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
14
|
Wright N, Pickles A, Braithwaite EC, Sharp H, Hill J. Sex-dependent associations between maternal prenatal cortisol and child callous-unemotional traits: Findings from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 109:104409. [PMID: 31446327 PMCID: PMC6857434 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated maternal glucocorticoids during pregnancy may impact on fetal development in a sex-dependent way, leading to increased amygdala activation and increased risk for internalising disorders in females. Based on evidence implicating reduced amygdala activation in callous-unemotional (CU) traits, we predicted that elevated maternal cortisol in pregnancy would be associated with lower CU traits and elevated anxious-depressed symptoms, only in girls. METHODS Participants were 225 members of a stratified subsample within an epidemiological longitudinal cohort (WCHADS). Salivary cortisol was measured over two days at 32 weeks gestation (on waking, 30-min post-waking and during the evening) and the log of the area under the curve (LogAUC) was calculated as an index of diurnal cortisol. Mothers reported on child CU traits and anxious-depressed symptoms at 2.5, 3.5 and 5.0 years of age. RESULTS As predicted there was a sex of child by cortisol interaction (p < .001) whereby elevated maternal cortisol was associated with lower child CU traits, explaining 25% of the variance, in girls, but not in boys. This effect remained when controlling for relevant confounders and anxious-depressed symptoms. By contrast, elevated maternal cortisol did not predict higher anxious-depressed symptoms in girls. CONCLUSIONS The study adds to growing evidence for sex-dependent effects of elevated maternal cortisol during pregnancy on early child psychopathology, consistent with mediation by elevated amygdala activation. The conditions under which, in girls, this is associated with heightened responsiveness to others' distress characteristic of low CU traits, or with increased affective symptoms, require further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Wright
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.
| | - Andrew Pickles
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Helen Sharp
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Life and Human Sciences, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Jonathan Hill
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mariano MPV. Moral competence and conduct disorder among Filipino children in conflict with the law. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2019; 39:194-202. [PMID: 31310054 PMCID: PMC7292316 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The numbers of children in conflict with the law continue to rise in Asia, yet few studies have been conducted regarding factors associated with it. It has been theorized that children with conduct disorder represent majority of children in conflict with the law, and that poor moral competence mediates the association between conduct disorder and antisocial behavior. This study aimed to present a profile of Filipino children in conflict with the law, determine the prevalence of conduct disorder in the sample, and investigate variables associated with conduct disorder. Methods This was a cross‐sectional study conducted at a conflict with the law Custodial Care Center in the Philippines. The procedure entailed a diagnostic interview and questionnaire administration conducted by psychiatrists. Questionnaires administered included the Moral Competence Test and Parental Warmth and Acceptance Scale. Statistical analyses of data included descriptive statistics, chi‐square tests, and independent t tests. SPSS v.23.0 was used for data encoding and analysis. Results Twenty‐three participants were included in the study, with 10 participants with conduct disorder and 13 controls. Majority were male adolescents between the ages of 16 and 18 years. Conduct disorder was associated with commission of multiple violations, particularly theft and homicide, the presence of a substance use disorder, and a history of abuse. Participants with conduct disorder had lower moral competence levels compared to participants without conduct disorder. Conclusion Conduct disorder was associated with high‐risk antisocial behavior and lower levels of moral competence. This paper examines the relationship between moral competence and conduct disorder among Filipino children in conflict with the law. Aside from the association found between low moral competence and conduct disorder, other associations uncovered in this study include the relationship between conduct disorder and the presence of substance use as a dual diagnosis and history of child abuse. As of the time of publication, this is the first paper of its kind to have been conducted in the Philippines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Paulita V. Mariano
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Inc.Quezon CityPhilippines
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mellick W, Sharp C, Sumlin E. Trust and general risk-taking in externalizing adolescent inpatients versus non-externalizing psychiatric controls. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2019; 7:92-96. [PMID: 33520772 PMCID: PMC7709937 DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2019-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interpersonal trust is an important target for the conceptualization, identification, and treatment of psychiatric disorders marked by interpersonal difficulties. A core feature of adolescent externalising disorders is interpersonal impairment. However, research investigating trust is scarce. A relatively novel approach for studying trust in psychopathology is through examination of social decision making using behavioural economic games. Objective To employ a modified trust game in order to determine whether externalising adolescents exhibit perturbed decision making in social and/or nonsocial contexts. Methods Externalising inpatient adolescents (n = 141) and non-externalising psychiatric controls (n = 122) completed self-report measures of psychopathology and invested in an iterative trust game played under two conditions: social (trust) and nonsocial (lottery condition), each consisting of five consecutive trials. Results Externalising adolescents showed a limited increase in trust investments, compared to a significant increase in lottery investments, across early game trials relative to psychiatric controls. This significant three-way interaction between experimental group, game condition, and trials became most evident at the second trial of games. Between-group differences on trust investments were non-significant. However, externalising adolescents invested significantly less in the trust relative to lottery condition, an effect unobserved in psychiatric controls. Conclusions This study tentatively suggests that adolescent externalising disorders may be associated with an insensitivity to normative social exchange which may arise, in part, from a lack of anticipated co-player reciprocity. It is not the level of trust that may distinguish externalising adolescents but perhaps the form of which the trust exchange takes shape. Conclusions are tempered by the fact that the employed trust game did not include feedback in the form of co-player repayments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Sumlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kaltiala-Heino R, Lindberg N, Fröjd S, Haravuori H, Marttunen M. Adolescents with same-sex interest: experiences of sexual harassment are more common among boys. Health Psychol Behav Med 2019; 7:105-127. [PMID: 34040842 PMCID: PMC8114400 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2019.1598864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To explore whether sexual harassment experiences are more common among adolescents reporting romantic and erotic interests in the same sex and both sexes, when sociodemographic and mental health confounding are controlled for, and whether the associations are similar in both sexes and in different phases of adolescence. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among a nationally representative dataset of 25,147 boys and 25,257 girls in comprehensive school, and 33,231 boys and 36,765 girls in upper secondary education. Self-reports of experiences of sexual harassment, and emotional (depression) and behavioral (delinquency) symptoms were used. Results: All associations between sexual minority status and harassment diminished clearly when mental disorder dimensions were controlled for. In the comprehensive school sample (mean age 15.4 years), sexual harassment experiences were 4-7-fold more common among boys, and 1.5-3-fold among girls, with same-sex/both-sexes interest, compared to those interested exclusively in the opposite sex. In the upper secondary education sample (mean age 17.4 years), among boys, sexual harassment was reported 3-6-fold more commonly by those not exclusively heterosexually interested. Among older girls, a slight increase in sexual harassment experiences was seen among those interested in both sexes. Conclusions: Sexual harassment experiences are associated with sexual minority status, particularly among boys. Confounding by mental disorders needs to be accounted for when studying sexual minority status and sexual harassment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland
| | - Nina Lindberg
- Forensic Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Fröjd
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
| | - Henna Haravuori
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mauri Marttunen
- Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Souroulla AV, Panteli M, Robinson JD, Panayiotou G. Valence, arousal or both? Shared emotional deficits associated with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional/Defiant-Conduct Disorder symptoms in school-aged youth. Biol Psychol 2018; 140:131-140. [PMID: 30529288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We examined emotional responses in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity and Oppositional Defiant/Conduct Disorder to affective pictures. Eighty seven children (42 female, Mage = 11.2), with clinical or subclinical symptoms and controls viewed joy, fear, sadness or neutral pictures while heart rate, skin conductance, corrugator and zygomaticus responses were recorded. The moderating role of Callous-Unemotional and anxiety traits was evaluated. Lower resting heart rate and decreased skin conductance across picture types was associated with ADHD symptoms. Decreased heart rate reactivity to fear and sad stimuli was associated with ADHD and ODD/CD. Corrugator and zygomaticus responses were not associated with ADHD or ODD/CD. Findings are mostly consistent with a fearlessness account of disruptive behavior, and seem to also pertain to ADHD, with intact valence systems. Findings are discussed in light of the significance of identifying common pathogenic mechanisms across traditional diagnostic categories, consistent with trans-diagnostic approaches to the study of psychopathology.
Collapse
|
19
|
Franke B, Michelini G, Asherson P, Banaschewski T, Bilbow A, Buitelaar JK, Cormand B, Faraone SV, Ginsberg Y, Haavik J, Kuntsi J, Larsson H, Lesch KP, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Réthelyi JM, Ribases M, Reif A. Live fast, die young? A review on the developmental trajectories of ADHD across the lifespan. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:1059-1088. [PMID: 30195575 PMCID: PMC6379245 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly heritable and the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood. In recent decades, it has been appreciated that in a substantial number of cases the disorder does not remit in puberty, but persists into adulthood. Both in childhood and adulthood, ADHD is characterised by substantial comorbidity including substance use, depression, anxiety, and accidents. However, course and symptoms of the disorder and the comorbidities may fluctuate and change over time, and even age of onset in childhood has recently been questioned. Available evidence to date is poor and largely inconsistent with regard to the predictors of persistence versus remittance. Likewise, the development of comorbid disorders cannot be foreseen early on, hampering preventive measures. These facts call for a lifespan perspective on ADHD from childhood to old age. In this selective review, we summarise current knowledge of the long-term course of ADHD, with an emphasis on clinical symptom and cognitive trajectories, treatment effects over the lifespan, and the development of comorbidities. Also, we summarise current knowledge and important unresolved issues on biological factors underlying different ADHD trajectories. We conclude that a severe lack of knowledge on lifespan aspects in ADHD still exists for nearly every aspect reviewed. We encourage large-scale research efforts to overcome those knowledge gaps through appropriately granular longitudinal studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Giorgia Michelini
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, London, UK
| | - Philip Asherson
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, London, UK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andrea Bilbow
- Attention Deficit Disorder Information and Support Service (ADDISS), Edgware, UK; ADHD-Europe, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bru Cormand
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, New York, USA; K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ylva Ginsberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Haavik
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jonna Kuntsi
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, London, UK
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - János M Réthelyi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE NAP-B Molecular Psychiatry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marta Ribases
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Executive Function, Chaos and Temperament: Specificities in Preschoolers with Externalizing Behaviors. Psychol Belg 2018; 58:222-242. [PMID: 30479819 PMCID: PMC6194533 DOI: 10.5334/pb.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Various factors may contribute to the emergence of externalizing behavior (EB) problems in the preschool period. At the child level, temperament and executive function (EF) seem to play an important role, as well as environmental variables such as household chaos. In this study, we examined the profiles of 49 EB preschoolers compared to 49 typically developing (TD) preschoolers matched on age and gender. To evaluate the behavioral aspect of EB, we asked teachers and parents to fill out questionnaires, but we also used an observational paradigm. We assessed executive functions using attention, inhibition, flexibility and working memory tests. Finally, we used questionnaires to assess household chaos and child temperament. Results showed that children rated by parents as presenting EB were also assessed so by teachers and exhibited more agitation in our observational paradigm. As expected, EB children also presented weaker performance than the TD children in all EF tasks, except those measuring attention, and showed a larger reaction-time variability. Parents of the EB group reported a more chaotic environment at home. Finally, we found that child temperament (i.e., emotionality) also plays a role in group belonging. This study shows that EB children already exhibit specific characteristics by the time they are of preschool age, not only in the behavioral sphere, but also in the cognitive and environmental areas. However, despite all the differences between the two groups, a discriminant analysis showed that EF capacities have a weak power for EB diagnosis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Default mode network activity and neuropsychological profile in male children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:1561-1570. [PMID: 27738997 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9614-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
It is known that patients with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Conduct disorder (CD) commonly shows greater symptom severity than those with ADHD alone and worse outcomes. This study researches whether Default mode network (DMN) is altered in adolescents with ADHD + CD, relative to ADHD alone and controls or not. Ten medication-naïve boys with ADHD + CD, ten medication-naïve boys with ADHD and 10-age-matched typically developing (TD) controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans in the resting state and neuropsychological tasks such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop Test TBAG Form (STP), Auditory Verbal learning Test (AVLT), Visual Auditory Digit Span B (VADS B) were applied to all the subjects included. fMRI scans can be used only nine patients in each groups. The findings revealed group differences between cingulate cortex and primary mortor cortex; cingulate cortex and somatosensory association cortex; angular gyrus (AG) and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex, in these networks increased activity was observed in participants with ADHD + CD compared with the ADHD. We found that lower resting state (rs)-activity was observed between left AG and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex, whereas higher rs-activity connectivity were detected between right AG and somatosensory association cortex in ADHD relative to the ones with ADHD + CD. In neuropsyhcological tasks, ADHD + CD group showed poor performance in WISC-R, WCST, Stroop, AVLT tasks compared to TDs. The ADHD + CD group displayed rs-functional abnormalities in DMN. Our results suggest that abnormalities in the intrinsic activity of resting state networks may contribute to the etiology of CD and poor prognosis of ADHD + CD.
Collapse
|
22
|
van Donkelaar MMJ, Hoogman M, Pappa I, Tiemeier H, Buitelaar JK, Franke B, Bralten J. Pleiotropic Contribution of MECOM and AVPR1A to Aggression and Subcortical Brain Volumes. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:61. [PMID: 29666571 PMCID: PMC5891600 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive and proactive subtypes of aggression have been recognized to help parse etiological heterogeneity of this complex phenotype. With a heritability of about 50%, genetic factors play a role in the development of aggressive behavior. Imaging studies implicate brain structures related to social behavior in aggression etiology, most notably the amygdala and striatum. This study aimed to gain more insight into the pathways from genetic risk factors for aggression to aggression phenotypes. To this end, we conducted genome-wide gene-based cross-trait meta-analyses of aggression with the volumes of amygdala, nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus to identify genes influencing both aggression and aggression-related brain volumes. We used data of large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of: (a) aggressive behavior in children and adolescents (EAGLE, N = 18,988); and (b) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based volume measures of aggression-relevant subcortical brain regions (ENIGMA2, N = 13,171). Second, the identified genes were further investigated in a sample of healthy adults (mean age (SD) = 25.28 (4.62) years; 43% male) who had genome-wide genotyping data and questionnaire data on aggression subtypes available (Brain Imaging Genetics, BIG, N = 501) to study their effect on reactive and proactive subtypes of aggression. Our meta-analysis identified two genes, MECOM and AVPR1A, significantly associated with both aggression risk and nucleus accumbens (MECOM) and amygdala (AVPR1A) brain volume. Subsequent in-depth analysis of these genes in healthy adults (BIG), including sex as an interaction term in the model, revealed no significant subtype-specific gene-wide associations. Using cross-trait meta-analysis of brain measures and psychiatric phenotypes, this study generated new hypotheses about specific links between genes, the brain and behavior. Results indicate that MECOM and AVPR1A may exert an effect on aggression through mechanisms involving nucleus accumbens and amygdala volumes, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein M J van Donkelaar
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Irene Pappa
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Murray J, Shenderovich Y, Gardner F, Mikton C, Derzon JH, Liu J, Eisner M. Risk Factors for Antisocial Behavior in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies. CRIME AND JUSTICE (CHICAGO, ILL.) 2018; 47:255-364. [PMID: 30310248 PMCID: PMC6176906 DOI: 10.1086/696590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Violent crime is a major cause of social instability, injury, and death in low- and middle-income countries. Longitudinal studies in high-income countries have provided important evidence on developmental precursors of violence and other antisocial behaviors. However, there may be unique influences or different risk factor effects in other social settings. Extensive searches in seven languages and screening of over 60,000 references identified 39 longitudinal studies of antisocial behavior in low- and middle-income countries. Many risk factors have roughly the same average effects as when studied in high-income countries. Stability of aggression over a 3-year period is almost identical across low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries. Dimensions of comorbid psychopathology such as low self-control, hyperactivity, and sensation seeking are associated with antisocial behavior in low- and middle-income countries, but some early physical health factors have consistently weak or null effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Murray
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Frances Gardner
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, Oxford University
| | - Christopher Mikton
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England
| | - James H Derzon
- Center for Advanced Methods Development, Research Triangle Institute
| | - Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fragkaki I, Cima M, Granic I. The role of trauma in the hormonal interplay of cortisol, testosterone, and oxytocin in adolescent aggression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 88:24-37. [PMID: 29156403 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous studies have examined the neuroendocrinology of aggression, the findings are mixed and focused on cortisol and testosterone. We argue that past findings remain inconclusive partly because the key roles of oxytocin and trauma have not been systematically integrated yet. Oxytocin is associated with social behavior and interacts with cortisol and testosterone, whereas trauma is a crucial risk factor of aggression that strongly affects hormonal activity. In this review, we investigate the role of trauma in the hormonal interplay of cortisol, testosterone, and oxytocin in aggression during adolescence. We first discuss how these hormones interact with each other and how trauma influences these interactions and then we propose a model that highlights the role of trauma in the hormonal interplay in aggression. We suggest that the timing of trauma has a distinct effect on hormonal activity and it should be integrated into any comprehensive model. Current trauma is linked to different levels of oxytocin, cortisol, testosterone, and testosterone/cortisol ratio than childhood trauma, but this distinction is also influenced by gender and type of aggression. We conclude that in order to better understand the neuroendocrinology of aggression, it is crucial to incorporate the investigation of oxytocin and trauma in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iro Fragkaki
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Maaike Cima
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabela Granic
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Katzmann J, Goertz-Dorten A, Hautmann C, Doepfner M. Social skills training and play group intervention for children with oppositional-defiant disorders/conduct disorder: Mediating mechanisms in a head-to-head comparison. Psychother Res 2018; 29:784-798. [PMID: 29347904 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2018.1425559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Social-cognitive information processing, social skills, and social interactions are problem-maintaining variables for aggressive behavior in children. We hypothesized that these factors may be possible mediators of the mechanism of change in the child-centered treatment of conduct disorders (CDs). The aim of the present study (Clinical trials.gov Identifier: NCT01406067) was to examine putative mechanisms of change for the decrease in oppositional-defiant behavior resulting from child-centered treatment of patients with oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) or CD. Method: 91 children (age 6-12 years) with ODD/CD were randomized to receive either social skills training or to a resource activating play group. Mediator analyses were conducted using path analyses. Results: The assumed mediating effects were not significant. However, alternative models with the putative mediators and outcome in reversed positions showed significant indirect effects of the oppositional-defiant symptoms as mediator for the decrease of disturbance of social-information processing, social skills, and social interactions. Conclusions: The proposed model for mechanisms of change could not be confirmed, with the results pointing to a reversed causality. Variables other than those hypothesized must be responsible for mediating the effects of the intervention on child oppositional-defiant behavior. Possible mechanisms of change were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josepha Katzmann
- a School of Child and Adolescent Behavior Therapy , the University Hospital Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Anja Goertz-Dorten
- a School of Child and Adolescent Behavior Therapy , the University Hospital Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,b Institute of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy of the Christoph-Dornier-Foundation for Clinical Psychology , the University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Christopher Hautmann
- a School of Child and Adolescent Behavior Therapy , the University Hospital Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Manfred Doepfner
- a School of Child and Adolescent Behavior Therapy , the University Hospital Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,c Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Morosan L, Badoud D, Salaminios G, Eliez S, Van der Linden M, Heller P, Debbané M. Patterns of source monitoring bias in incarcerated youths with and without conduct problems. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2018; 23:15-27. [PMID: 29226782 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2017.1412947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antisocial individuals present behaviours that violate the social norms and the rights of others. In the present study, we examine whether biases in monitoring the self-generated cognitive material might be linked to antisocial manifestations during adolescence. We further examine the association with psychopathic traits and conduct problems (CPs). METHODS Sixty-five incarcerated adolescents (IAs; M age = 15.85, SD = 1.30) and 88 community adolescents (CAs; M age = 15.78, SD = 1.60) participated in our study. In the IA group, 28 adolescents presented CPs (M age = 16.06, SD = 1.41) and 19 did not meet the diagnostic criteria for CPs (M age = 15.97, SD = 1.20). Source monitoring was assessed through a speech-monitoring task, using items requiring different levels of cognitive effort; recognition and source-monitoring bias scores (internalising and externalising biases) were calculated. RESULTS Between-group comparisons indicate greater overall biases and different patterns of biases in the source monitoring. IA participants manifest a greater externalising bias, whereas CA participants present a greater internalising bias. In addition, IA with CPs present different patterns of item recognition. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the two groups of adolescents present different types of source-monitoring bias for self-generated speech. In addition, the IAs with CPs present impairments in item recognition. Future studies may examine the developmental implications of self-monitoring biases in the perseverance of antisocial behaviours from adolescence to adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Morosan
- a Developmental Clinical Psychology Unit, Faculty of Psychology , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.,b Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Office Médico-Pédagogique , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Deborah Badoud
- a Developmental Clinical Psychology Unit, Faculty of Psychology , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.,b Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Office Médico-Pédagogique , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - George Salaminios
- c Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology , University College London , London , UK
| | - Stephan Eliez
- b Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Office Médico-Pédagogique , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Martial Van der Linden
- d Psychopathology and Cognitive Neuropsychology Unit , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Patrick Heller
- e Department of Forensic Medicine and Psychiatry, Department of Communitarian, Emergency and First Aid Medicine and Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry , University Hospital of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Martin Debbané
- a Developmental Clinical Psychology Unit, Faculty of Psychology , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.,b Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Office Médico-Pédagogique , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.,d Psychopathology and Cognitive Neuropsychology Unit , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu L, Fan L, Hou XY, Wu CA, Yin XN, Wen GM, Sun D, Xian DX, Jiang H, Jing J, Jin Y, Chen WQ. Family Childcare Types and Conduct Problem Behaviors in Young Children: The Mediation Role of Caregiver-Child Interaction. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:217. [PMID: 30128308 PMCID: PMC6088180 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the impacts of genetic, family, and community factors on child conduct problems (CPs). However, little is understood regarding the association between family childcare types and child conduct problem behaviors, as well as whether and to what extent caregiver-child interaction mediates the above association. Methods: 9,289 children first entering kindergartens in the Longhua New District of Shenzhen, China were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Primary caregivers were invited to fulfill a self-administered structured questionnaire containing data regarding socio-demographics, family childcare types, caregiver-child interaction, and child conduct problem behaviors (measured by the Conners' Conduct Problem Subscale). A series of multiple logistic and linear regression models were employed to assess the associations among family childcare, caregiver-child interaction, and child conduct problem behaviors. Results: Family childcare types other than by parents together (i.e., mother alone, mother with others, grandparents, or changing caregivers) were all significantly associated with higher risks of conduct problem behaviors in young children (adjusted ORs ranged from 2.18 to 2.55, and adjusted βs ranged from 0.043 to 0.073; all p < 0.05), after adjusting for confounders including child age, gender, parental education level, parental age at pregnancy, marital status, and family income. The following family childcare types (mother alone, or grandparents, or changing caregivers) vs. the childcare by parents together showed significant relative indirect effects on conduct problem behaviors through caregiver-child interaction, indicating the significant mediation effect of caregiver-child interaction on the above associations. Mediation of caregiver-child interaction on the effect of being cared by mother with others relative to care by parents together on child conduct problem behaviors was yet non-significant. Conclusions: Family childcare types other than by parents together are associated with increased risks for conduct problem behaviors in young children. Caregiver-child interaction may function as a potential mediator for the above association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Fan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Hou
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Australia China Centre for Public Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chuan-An Wu
- Women's and Children's Hospital of Longhua New District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Na Yin
- Women's and Children's Hospital of Longhua New District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guo-Min Wen
- Women's and Children's Hospital of Longhua New District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dengli Sun
- Women's and Children's Hospital of Longhua New District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan-Xia Xian
- Women's and Children's Hospital of Longhua New District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qing Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Information Management, Xinhua College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Busching R, Krahé B. The Contagious Effect of Deviant Behavior in Adolescence. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550617725151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article investigated how the development of deviant behavior in adolescence is influenced by the variability of deviant behavior in the peer group. Based on the social information-processing (SIP) model, we predicted that peer groups with a low variability of deviant behavior (providing normative information that is easy to process) should have a main effect on the development of adolescents’ deviant behavior over time, whereas peer groups in which deviant behavior is more variable (i.e., more difficult to process) should primarily impact the deviant behavior of initially nondeviant classroom members. These hypotheses were largely supported in a multilevel analysis using self-reports of deviant behavior in a sample of 16,891 adolescents in 1,308 classes assessed at two data waves about 1-year apart. The results demonstrate the advantages of studying cross-level interactions to clarify the impact of the peer environment on the development of deviant behavior in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Busching
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Barbara Krahé
- Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
McPherson KE, Kerr S, Casey B, Marshall J. Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Functional Family Therapy in a Community Setting: Client and Practitioner Perspectives. JOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY 2017; 43:717-732. [PMID: 28276073 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
While Functional Family Therapy (FFT) is known to be effective in addressing adolescent behavioral problems, there has been little exploration of issues relevant to its transport from the tightly controlled setting of clinical trials into routine service delivery. This study sought the views of key stakeholders, clients, and practitioners, on barriers and facilitators to the successful implementation of FFT. Undertaken in a community setting in Scotland, interviews were carried out with 12 adolescents, 14 parents/caregivers, and 6 practitioners. Results focus on: Referral process and pre-intervention contact; Engagement of families; Structure and delivery; Organizational factors. Although barriers to engagement were identified, FFT was viewed as an acceptable, appropriate and feasible intervention with the potential to improve adolescent wellbeing in 'real-world' settings.
Collapse
|
30
|
Kallitsoglou A. Executive Function Variation in Children With Conduct Problems: Influences of Coexisting Reading Difficulties. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2017; 51:168-180. [PMID: 29179616 DOI: 10.1177/0022219417691834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is unknown whether children with conduct problems (CP) and poor reading (PR) skills exhibit more profound executive function impairments than children with CP only and whether such impairments are explained by coexisting PR. Executive functions were compared in four groups of 7- to 8-year-old children: 26 CP only, 35 PR only, 27 CP-PR, and 31 comparison (COM) children with neither CP nor PR. The Conners' Teacher Rating Scale-28 and a sentence completion reading test were used to assess CP and PR skills. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition Backward Digit Span, the Conners' Continuous Performance Test, and the Tower of London were used to assess three aspects of executive function: verbal working memory, response inhibition, and planning, respectively. The CP-PR group had lower verbal working memory than the CP-only and COM groups, but the difference was not significant after intellectual ability, inattention, and hyperactivity were controlled. The CP-PR group made more errors in the planning task (rule violations) than the COM and CP-only groups, but the difference was not significant after intellectual ability was controlled. No significant group differences were found in response inhibition. A specific PR group effect was found for verbal working memory. Children with CP-PR have more prominent executive function impairments that cannot be attributed to coexisting PR.
Collapse
|
31
|
Ramsay H, Barnett JH, Murray GK, Mäki P, Hurtig T, Nordström T, Miettunen J, Kiviniemi V, Niemelä S, Pausova Z, Paus T, Veijola J. Smoking in pregnancy, adolescent mental health and cognitive performance in young adult offspring: results from a matched sample within a Finnish cohort. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:430. [PMID: 27908296 PMCID: PMC5133752 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking (PEMCS) and adult cognition is debated, including if there are differences according to sex. We aimed to determine if there are associations between PEMCS and cognition in early adulthood in men and women and examine if observed associations were mediated by adolescent mental health factors that are associated with cognition, namely psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), inattention and hyperactivity, and other externalizing behaviors. METHODS Participants were 471 individuals drawn from the general population-based Northern Finland 1986 Birth Cohort (NFBC 1986) followed up from pregnancy and birth to early adulthood; individuals with PEMCS were matched with those without PEMCS by socioeconomic and demographic factors. Cognitive performance in adulthood was assessed with a range of tests and their association with PEMCS was measured by sex using hierarchical linear regression, unadjusted and then controlling for potential confounders, mediators and moderators, including adolescent mental health factors. RESULTS There were no associations between PEMCS and cognitive scores in females. In males, there were associations with vocabulary (beta = -0.444, 95% CI: -0.783, -0.104) and matrix reasoning (beta = -0.379, 95% CI: -0.711, -0.047). CONCLUSIONS While associations between PEMCS and cognition were limited, observed findings with measures of general intelligence in males contribute to suggestions of differences in response to PEMCS by sex. Furthermore, observed associations may be partly mediated by earlier inattention and hyperactivity. Findings add support to efforts aimed to eliminate smoking in pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Ramsay
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. .,St. Michael's House, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Jennifer H. Barnett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham K. Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pirjo Mäki
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ,Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ,Department of Psychiatry, Länsi-Pohja Healthcare District, Kemi, Finland ,Department of Psychiatry, the Middle Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Kiuru, Finland ,Mental Health Services, Joint Municipal Authority of Wellbeing in Raahe District, Raahe, Finland ,Mental Health Services, Basic Health Care District of Kallio, Helsinki, Finland ,Visala Hospital, the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Hurtig
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ,Department of Radiology, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tanja Nordström
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouko Miettunen
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Kiviniemi
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ,Department of Radiology, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Solja Niemelä
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ,Department of Psychiatry, Lapland Hospital District, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Tomas Paus
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, ON Canada ,Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,Child Mind Institute, New York, NY USA
| | - Juha Veijola
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
34
|
Prinzie P, Onghena P, Hellinckx W. A cohort-sequential multivariate latent growth curve analysis of normative CBCL aggressive and delinquent problem behavior: Associations with harsh discipline and gender. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025406071901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the normative developmental trajectories of aggressive and delinquent behavior in young children. Cohort-sequential univariate latent growth modeling (LGM) analyses were employed to conceptualize and analyze intraindividual changes in children's aggressive and delinquent behavior and interindividual differences in these changes. A multivariate model was tested that related the two developmental trajectories to each other and to harsh discipline. The longitudinal data included mother and father ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) (Achenbach, 1991), the “Leuvens Instrument voor Coërcief Opvoedingsgedrag” (Leuvens Instrument of Coercive Parenting Behavior, LICO) (Hellinckx et al., 2000) and the Parenting Scale (Arnold, O'Leary, Wolff, & Acker, 1993) of 674 school-aged boys and girls of a proportional stratified general population sample, assessed annually for three years. A significant nonlinear decline in aggressive and a significant linear decline in delinquent problem behavior were found both in the mother and in the father ratings. A multivariate latent growth analysis indicated that trajectories in aggressive and delinquent problem behavior were positively associated. The association was stronger for boys than for girls. Parenting behaviors were differentially related to children's aggressive and delinquent problem behavior. Coercion was significantly related to aggressive behavior but not to delinquent behavior. Higher scores on coercion were related to higher initial levels and a slower decrease of aggressive behavior. High scores on overreactivity were associated with higher initial levels of aggressive and delinquent problem behavior but not with the growth rates. Boys were higher than girls in initial status. Conversely, the rate of change was not related to gender. The results were replicated in the father reports.
Collapse
|
35
|
Cao Y, Li L, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Guo X, Zhang Y, Luo X. Effects of Exposure to Domestic Physical Violence on Children's Behavior: A Chinese Community-based Sample. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2016; 9:127-135. [PMID: 27516817 PMCID: PMC4976775 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-016-0092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Domestic physical violence (DPV) is common in China due to its long history of slavery and feudalism. This study aimed to examine the effects of exposure to DPV on children's behavior in a Chinese community. Ninety-three 12- to 16-year-old adolescents exposed to DPV were compared to 54 adolescents with no exposure to DPV. We found that DPV exposure was associated with adverse behaviors in children, especially among boys. Children witnessing DPV alone had similar behavioral scores as the abused children. We recommend that both abused and DPV witness-only adolescents in Chinese communities need treatment to mitigate the effects on maladjusted behaviors. The intervention programs for children who witness domestic violence are also important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Cao
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Longfei Li
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Jining Mental Hospital of Shandong Province
| | - Xingfu Zhao
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Wuxi Mental Health Center
| | - Yu Zhang
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | | | - Yalin Zhang
- Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fishbein D, Dariotis JK, Ferguson PL, Pickelsimer EE. Relationships Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Illicit Drug Use and Their Association With Aggression in Inmates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2016; 60:575-597. [PMID: 25326469 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x14554778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Extensive interviews of correctional inmates in South Carolina (2009-2010) were conducted under a Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) grant. We evaluated the extent to which early traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent illicit drug abuse may conjointly influence development of aggression, controlling for alcohol use, and whether cognitive or emotional dysregulation mediated this relationship. Early TBI predicted greater severity and earlier onset of drug use, and an earlier age at first use predicted greater aggression regardless of the age of TBI. Emotional dysregulation mediated effects of TBI on aggression. The potential to design more targeted treatments for this susceptible population are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Fishbein
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Ellicott City, MD, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Horan JM, Brown JL, Jones SM, Aber JL. The Influence of Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits on Academic Development Among Youth. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 45:1245-60. [PMID: 26369348 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study attempted to address developmental differences within the large group of youth with conduct problems through an examination of the relationship between callous-unemotional traits and academic outcomes in an effort to expand the field's understanding of heterogeneity in outcomes associated with behavior problems. Data were collected from a cohort of 3rd grade students (N = 942; 51 % female; 45.6 % Hispanic/Latino, 41.1 % Black/African American, 4.7 % Non-Hispanic White; mean age = 8.07 years) in eighteen public elementary schools, as well as their parents and teachers. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that callous-unemotional traits were associated with lower quality student-teacher relationships and worse performance on standardized math and reading exams over and above the effects of conduct problems. These findings suggest that school-based interventions may be particularly effective in ameliorating some of the deficits noted within this subset of youth exhibiting conduct problems. This finding has important policy implications as the field of developmental science attempts to design and enrich programs that focus on improving social-emotional learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Horan
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA. .,Adolescent and Family Research Department, National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Columbia University (CASAColumbia®), New York, NY, USA.
| | - Joshua L Brown
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - J Lawrence Aber
- Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ten-year trends in adolescents' self-reported emotional and behavioral problems in the Netherlands. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 24:1119-28. [PMID: 25534927 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-014-0664-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Changes in social, cultural, economic, and governmental systems over time may affect adolescents' development. The present study examined 10-year trends in self-reported emotional and behavioral problems among 11- to 16-year-old adolescents in the Netherlands. In addition, gender (girls versus boys), ethnic (Dutch versus non western) and educational (vocational versus academic) differences in these trends were examined. By means of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, trends in emotional and behavioral problems were studied in adolescents belonging to one of five independent population representative samples (2003: n = 6,904; 2005: n = 5,183; 2007: n = 6,228; 2009: n = 5,559; 2013: n = 5,478). Structural equation models indicated rather stable levels of emotional and behavioral problems over time. Whereas some small changes were found between different time points, these changes did not represent consistent changes in problem levels. Similarly, gender, ethnic and educational differences in self-reported problems on each time point were highly comparable, indicating stable mental health inequalities between groups of adolescents over time. Future internationally comparative studies using multiple measurement moments are needed to monitor whether these persistent mental health inequalities hold over extended periods of time and in different countries.
Collapse
|
39
|
Cordier R, Speyer R, Chen YW, Wilkes-Gillan S, Brown T, Bourke-Taylor H, Doma K, Leicht A. Evaluating the Psychometric Quality of Social Skills Measures: A Systematic Review. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132299. [PMID: 26151362 PMCID: PMC4494713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Impairments in social functioning are associated with an array of adverse outcomes. Social skills measures are commonly used by health professionals to assess and plan the treatment of social skills difficulties. There is a need to comprehensively evaluate the quality of psychometric properties reported across these measures to guide assessment and treatment planning. Objective To conduct a systematic review of the literature on the psychometric properties of social skills and behaviours measures for both children and adults. Methods A systematic search was performed using four electronic databases: CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase and Pubmed; the Health and Psychosocial Instruments database; and grey literature using PsycExtra and Google Scholar. The psychometric properties of the social skills measures were evaluated against the COSMIN taxonomy of measurement properties using pre-set psychometric criteria. Results Thirty-Six studies and nine manuals were included to assess the psychometric properties of thirteen social skills measures that met the inclusion criteria. Most measures obtained excellent overall methodological quality scores for internal consistency and reliability. However, eight measures did not report measurement error, nine measures did not report cross-cultural validity and eleven measures did not report criterion validity. Conclusions The overall quality of the psychometric properties of most measures was satisfactory. The SSBS-2, HCSBS and PKBS-2 were the three measures with the most robust evidence of sound psychometric quality in at least seven of the eight psychometric properties that were appraised. A universal working definition of social functioning as an overarching construct is recommended. There is a need for ongoing research in the area of the psychometric properties of social skills and behaviours instruments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinie Cordier
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Renée Speyer
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Wilkes-Gillan
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ted Brown
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University–Peninsula Campus, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Bourke-Taylor
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, St Patricks Campus, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Kenji Doma
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Anthony Leicht
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Smith JD, Dishion TJ, Shaw DS, Wilson MN. Negative relational schemas predict the trajectory of coercive dynamics during early childhood. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 43:693-703. [PMID: 25208813 PMCID: PMC4362845 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-014-9936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coercive family processes are germane to the development of problem behaviors in early childhood, yet the cognitive and affective underpinnings are not well understood. We hypothesized that one antecedent of early coercive interactions is the caregiver's implicit affective attitudes toward the child, which in this article are termed relational schemas. Relational schemas have previously been linked to coercion and problem behaviors, but there has yet to be an examination of the association between relational schemas and trajectories of coercion during early childhood. We examined 731 indigent caregiver-child dyads (49 % female children) from a randomized intervention trial of the Family Check-Up. Predominantly biological mothers participated. A speech sample was used to assess relational schemas at age 2. Coercive interactions were assessed observationally each year between ages 2 and 4. Caregiver and teacher reports of children's oppositional and aggressive behaviors were collected at age 7.5 and 8.5. Path analysis revealed that negative relational schemas were associated with less steep declines in coercion during this period, which in turn were predictive of ratings of oppositional and aggressive behaviors at age 7.5/8.5 after controlling for baseline levels, positive relational schemas, child gender, ethnicity, and cumulative risk. Intervention condition assignment did not moderate this relationship, suggesting the results represent a naturally occurring process. Given the link between persistent early coercion and later deleterious outcomes, relational schemas that maintain and amplify coercive dynamics represent a potential target for early intervention programs designed to improve parent-child relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Smith
- Prevention Research Center, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Personality traits, future time perspective and adaptive behavior in adolescence. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 18:E19. [PMID: 25907852 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2015.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Several studies provide evidence of the importance of future time perspective (FTP) for individual success. However, little research addresses the relationship between FTP and personality traits, particularly if FTP can mediate their influence on behavior. In this study we analyze the mediating of FTP in the influence of personality traits on the way adolescents live their life at school. Sample consisted in 351 students, aged from 14 to 18 years-old, at different schooling levels. Instruments were the Portuguese version of the MMPI-A, particularly the PSY-5 dimensions (Aggressiveness, Psychoticism, Disconstraint, Neuroticism, Introversion), a FTP questionnaire, and a survey on school life, involving several indicators of achievement, social integration, and overall satisfaction. With the exception of Neuroticism, the results show significant mediation effects (p < .001) of FTP on most relationships between PSY-5 dimensions and school life variables. Concerning Disconstraint, FTP mediated its influence on overall satisfaction (β = -.125) and school achievement (β = -.106). In the case of Introversion, significant mediation effects occurred for interpersonal difficulties (β = .099) and participation in extracurricular activities (β = -.085). FTP was also a mediator of Psychoticism influence in overall satisfaction (β = -.094), interpersonal difficulties (β = .057), and behavior problems (β = .037). Finally, FTP mediated the influence of Aggressiveness on overall satisfaction (β = -.061), interpersonal difficulties (β = .040), achievement (β = -.052), and behavior problems (β = .023). Results are discussed considering the importance of FTP in the impact of some personality structural characteristics in students' school adaptation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Visuospatial working memory in 7- to 12-year-old children with disruptive behavior disorders. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2015; 46:34-43. [PMID: 24566527 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-014-0449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Very little evidence exists on working memory (WM) deficits in children with disruptive behavior disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) or Conduct Disorder (CD). We evaluated the function of visuospatial WM in patients (n = 26) with ODD/CD compared with age- and gender-matched controls (n = 26) while controlling for the comorbid diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-Disorder (ADHD) in patients. The patients were diagnosed by Kiddie-SADS-PL interview, psychiatric symptoms were measured using Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher Report Form. WM was measured by computer-based visuospatial n-back tasks with three difficulty levels. Incorrect responses (reflecting WM performance) in all WM tasks were significantly higher in patients with ODD/CD than in controls. Both patient subgroups, ODD/CD + ADHD and ODD/CD alone, had WM deficits compared with controls. These results suggest that children with ODD/CD have visuospatial WM deficits that are not accounted for by comorbid ADHD.
Collapse
|
43
|
Sharp H, Hill J, Hellier J, Pickles A. Maternal antenatal anxiety, postnatal stroking and emotional problems in children: outcomes predicted from pre- and postnatal programming hypotheses. Psychol Med 2015; 45:269-283. [PMID: 25068652 PMCID: PMC4301199 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714001342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mothers' self-reported stroking of their infants over the first weeks of life modifies the association between prenatal depression and physiological and emotional reactivity at 7 months, consistent with animal studies of the effects of tactile stimulation. We now investigate whether the effects of maternal stroking persist to 2.5 years. Given animal and human evidence for sex differences in the effects of prenatal stress we compare associations in boys and girls. METHOD From a general population sample of 1233 first-time mothers recruited at 20 weeks gestation we drew a random sample of 316 for assessment at 32 weeks, stratified by reported inter-partner psychological abuse, a risk indicator for child development. Of these mothers, 243 reported at 5 and 9 weeks how often they stroked their infants, and completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at 2.5 years post-delivery. RESULTS There was a significant interaction between prenatal anxiety and maternal stroking in the prediction of CBCL internalizing (p = 0.001) and anxious/depressed scores (p < 0.001). The effects were stronger in females than males, and the three-way interaction prenatal anxiety × maternal stroking × sex of infant was significant for internalizing symptoms (p = 0.003). The interactions arose from an association between prenatal anxiety and internalizing symptoms only in the presence of low maternal stroking. CONCLUSIONS The findings are consistent with stable epigenetic effects, many sex specific, reported in animal studies. While epigenetic mechanisms may be underlying the associations, it remains to be established whether stroking affects gene expression in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Sharp
- Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J. Hill
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J. Hellier
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A. Pickles
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
van der Gronde T, Kempes M, van El C, Rinne T, Pieters T. Neurobiological correlates in forensic assessment: a systematic review. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110672. [PMID: 25330208 PMCID: PMC4203816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increased knowledge of biological risk factors, interest in including this information in forensic assessments is growing. Currently, forensic assessments are predominantly focused on psychosocial factors. A better understanding of the neurobiology of violent criminal behaviour and biological risk factors could improve forensic assessments. OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the current evidence about biological risk factors that predispose people to antisocial and violent behaviour, and determine its usefulness in forensic assessment. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using articles from PsycINFO, Embase and Pubmed published between 2000 and 2013. RESULTS This review shows that much research on the relationship between genetic predisposition and neurobiological alterations with aggression is performed on psychiatric patients or normal populations. However, the number of studies comparing offenders is limited. There is still a great need to understand how genetic and neurobiological alterations and/or deficits are related to violent behaviour, specifically criminality. Most studies focus on only one of the genetic or neurobiological fields related to antisocial and/or violent behaviour. To reliably correlate the findings of these fields, a standardization of methodology is urgently needed. CONCLUSION Findings from the current review suggest that violent aggression, like all forms of human behaviour, both develops under specific genetic and environmental conditions, and requires interplay between these conditions. Violence should be considered as the end product of a chain of life events, during which risks accumulate and potentially reinforce each other, displaying or triggering a specific situation. This systematic review did not find evidence of predispositions or neurobiological alterations that solely explain antisocial or violent behaviour. With better designed studies, more correlation between diverse fields, and more standardisation, it might be possible to elucidate underlying mechanisms. Thus, we advocate maintaining the current case-by-case differentiated approach to evidence-based forensic assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toon van der Gronde
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), and Freudenthal Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike Kempes
- Netherlands Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, Pieter Baan Center, Forensic Psychiatric Observation Clinic, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Carla van El
- Section Community Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and EMGO+, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Rinne
- Netherlands Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, Pieter Baan Center, Forensic Psychiatric Observation Clinic, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Toine Pieters
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), and Freudenthal Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Stevens M, Harris L, Ellis M, Day C, Beecham J. Investigating changes in use of services by high-need families following the Helping Families Programme, an innovative parenting intervention for children with severe and persistent conduct problems. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2014; 19:185-191. [PMID: 32878371 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions aimed at high-need families have difficulty demonstrating short-term impact on child behaviour. Measuring impact on use of services could provide short-term indication of longer term benefits. METHOD During a feasibility pilot study we collected data on service use and attitudes to services from a small sample of parents from high-need families, before and after receiving the Helping Families Programme. RESULTS Respondents provided a range of opinions on a variety of social and community services received. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates the potential of short-term changes in enhanced service use data for building hypotheses of longer term change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Stevens
- Personal Social Services Research Unit, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London, WC2A 2AE, UK
| | - Lucy Harris
- Centre for Parent and Child Support, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service Research Unit, Kings College, Institute of Psychiatry, Michael Rutter Centre, London, UK
| | - Megan Ellis
- Centre for Parent and Child Support, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service Research Unit, Kings College, Institute of Psychiatry, Michael Rutter Centre, London, UK
| | - Crispin Day
- Centre for Parent and Child Support, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service Research Unit, Kings College, Institute of Psychiatry, Michael Rutter Centre, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Beecham
- Personal Social Services Research Unit, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London, WC2A 2AE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Frick PJ, Ray JV, Thornton LC, Kahn RE. Annual research review: A developmental psychopathology approach to understanding callous-unemotional traits in children and adolescents with serious conduct problems. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2014; 55:532-48. [PMID: 24117854 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has suggested that the presence of significant levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits designates a clinically important and etiologically distinct subgroup of children and adolescents with serious conduct problems. Based on this research, CU traits have been included in the most recent revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013)--as a specifier for the diagnosis of conduct disorder. In this review, we attempt to understand CU traits within a developmental psychopathological framework. Specifically, we summarize research on the normal development of the prosocial emotions of empathy and guilt (i.e., conscience) and we illustrate how the development of CU traits can be viewed as the normal development of conscience gone awry. Furthermore, we review research on the stability of CU traits across different developmental periods and highlight factors that can influence this stability. Finally, we highlight the implications of this developmental psychopathological framework for future etiological research, for assessment and diagnostic classification, and for treatment of children with serious conduct problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Frick
- Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Oliver BR, Kretschmer T, Maughan B. Configurations of early risk and their association with academic, cognitive, emotional and behavioural outcomes in middle childhood. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2014; 49:723-32. [PMID: 23974226 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-013-0756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Risk factors for children's development are multifarious and co-occur, having cumulative as well as individual impacts. Yet common configurations of early childhood risks remain little understood. The current study aimed to identify patterns of early risk exposure and to examine their relationship with diverse outcomes in middle childhood. METHODS Using latent class analysis in a large, community-based, UK sample (N = 13,699), we examined 13 putative risk factors to identify patterns of exposure. RESULTS Four risk configurations were identified: low (65 %), socio-demographic (14 %), family dysfunction (12 %), and multiple (9 %) risk classes. As expected, children in the low risk group fared best on all outcome measures, and those with multiple risk, worst. Importantly, specificity in associations with outcomes emerged, such that cognitive outcomes were predominantly linked with socio-demographic adversities, emotional difficulties with family dysfunction, and conduct problems increased across risk classes. CONCLUSIONS Better understanding of configurations of childhood risk exposures may help to target resources for children in need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bonamy R Oliver
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH, UK,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhu Y, Ying K, Wang J, Su L, Chen J, Lin F, Cai D, Zhou M, Wu D, Guo C, Wang S. Differences in functional activity between boys with pure oppositional defiant disorder and controls during a response inhibition task: a preliminary study. Brain Imaging Behav 2014; 8:588-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-013-9275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
49
|
Zohsel K, Buchmann AF, Blomeyer D, Hohm E, Schmidt MH, Esser G, Brandeis D, Banaschewski T, Laucht M. Mothers' prenatal stress and their children's antisocial outcomes--a moderating role for the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2014; 55:69-76. [PMID: 24102377 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal distress during pregnancy has been linked to aggressive behavior in offspring. This effect has been interpreted in terms of 'fetal programming'. The 7-repeat (7r) allele of a VNTR polymorphism in exon III of the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) has consistently been associated with externalizing behavior problems, especially in the presence of adverse environmental factors. So far, it is not known whether the DRD4 genotype moderates the effect of prenatal maternal stress on the development of childhood antisocial behavior. METHODS As part of an ongoing epidemiological cohort study, prenatal maternal stress was assessed using self-report 3 months following child birth. When children were 8, 11, and 15 years old, mothers rated their children's externalizing behavior, and diagnoses of conduct disorder and/or oppositional defiant disorder (CD/ODD) according to DSM-IV were obtained. In a sample of N = 308 participants, the effects of the DRD4 genotype, prenatal maternal stress, and the interaction thereof on antisocial outcome were tested. RESULTS Under conditions of elevated prenatal maternal stress, children carrying one or two DRD4 7r alleles were at increased risk of a diagnosis of CD/ODD. Moreover, homozygous carriers of the DRD4 7r allele displayed more externalizing behavior following exposure to higher levels of prenatal maternal stress, while homozygous carriers of the DRD4 4r allele turned out to be insensitive to the effects of prenatal stress. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to report a gene-environment interaction related to DRD4 and prenatal maternal stress using data from a prospective study, which extends earlier findings on the impact of prenatal maternal stress with respect to childhood antisocial behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Zohsel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Genetic origin of the relationship between parental negativity and behavior problems from early childhood to adolescence: a longitudinal genetically sensitive study. Dev Psychopathol 2013; 25:487-500. [PMID: 23627958 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579412001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about how genetic and environmental factors contribute to the association between parental negativity and behavior problems from early childhood to adolescence. The current study fitted a cross-lagged model in a sample consisting of 4,075 twin pairs to explore (a) the role of genetic and environmental factors in the relationship between parental negativity and behavior problems from age 4 to age 12, (b) whether parent-driven and child-driven processes independently explain the association, and (c) whether there are sex differences in this relationship. Both phenotypes showed substantial genetic influence at both ages. The concurrent overlap between them was mainly accounted for by genetic factors. Causal pathways representing stability of the phenotypes and parent-driven and child-driven effects significantly and independently account for the association. Significant but slight differences were found between males and females for parent-driven effects. These results were highly similar when general cognitive ability was added as a covariate. In summary, the longitudinal association between parental negativity and behavior problems seems to be bidirectional and mainly accounted for by genetic factors. Furthermore, child-driven effects were mainly genetically mediated, and parent-driven effects were a function of both genetic and shared-environmental factors.
Collapse
|