1
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Zhao N, Pessell AF, Zhu N, Searson PC. Tissue-Engineered Microvessels: A Review of Current Engineering Strategies and Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303419. [PMID: 38686434 PMCID: PMC11338730 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Microvessels, including arterioles, capillaries, and venules, play an important role in regulating blood flow, enabling nutrient and waste exchange, and facilitating immune surveillance. Due to their important roles in maintaining normal function in human tissues, a substantial effort has been devoted to developing tissue-engineered models to study endothelium-related biology and pathology. Various engineering strategies have been developed to recapitulate the structural, cellular, and molecular hallmarks of native human microvessels in vitro. In this review, recent progress in engineering approaches, key components, and culture platforms for tissue-engineered human microvessel models is summarized. Then, tissue-specific models, and the major applications of tissue-engineered microvessels in development, disease modeling, drug screening and delivery, and vascularization in tissue engineering, are reviewed. Finally, future research directions for the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Alexander F Pessell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ninghao Zhu
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Peter C Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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2
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Zhang M, Zhao F, Zhu Y, Brouwer LA, Van der Veen H, Burgess JK, Harmsen MC. Physical Properties and Biochemical Composition of Extracellular Matrix-Derived Hydrogels Dictate Vascularization Potential in an Organ-Dependent Fashion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29930-29945. [PMID: 38819955 PMCID: PMC11181272 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The inherent extracellular matrix (ECM) originating from a specific tissue impacts the process of vascularization, specifically vascular network formation (VNF) orchestrated by endothelial cells (ECs). The specific contribution toward these processes of ECM from highly disparate organs such as the skin and lungs remains a relatively unexplored area. In this study, we compared VNF and ECM remodeling mediated by microvascular ECs within gel, lung, and combinations thereof (hybrid) ECM hydrogels. Irrespective of the EC source, the skin-derived ECM hydrogel exhibited a higher propensity to drive and support VNF compared to both lung and hybrid ECM hydrogels. There were distinct disparities in the physical properties of the three types of hydrogels, including viscoelastic properties and complex architectural configurations, including fiber diameter, pore area, and numbers among the fibers. The hybrid ECM hydrogel properties were unique and not the sum of the component ECM parts. Furthermore, cellular ECM remodeling responses varied with skin ECM hydrogels promoting matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) secretion, while hybrid ECM hydrogels exhibited increased MMP9, fibronectin, and collagen IV deposition. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the influence of a gel's mechanical properties on VNF was stronger than the biochemical composition. These data indicate that the organ-specific properties of an ECM dictate its capacity to support VNF, while intriguingly showing that ECs respond to more than just the biochemical constituents of an ECM. The study suggests potential applications in regenerative medicine by strategically selecting ECM origin or combinations to manipulate vascularization, offering promising prospects for enhancing wound healing through pro-regenerative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department
of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
- University
Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering
and Materials Science-FB41, University of
Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Fenghua Zhao
- University
Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering
and Materials Science-FB41, University of
Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- University
Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Department
of Computer Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Linda A. Brouwer
- Department
of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Hasse Van der Veen
- Department
of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Janette K. Burgess
- Department
of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
- University
Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering
and Materials Science-FB41, University of
Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- University
Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma
and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C. Harmsen
- Department
of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
- University
Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering
and Materials Science-FB41, University of
Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
- University
Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma
and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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3
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Basu C, Cannon PL, Awgulewitsch CP, Galindo CL, Gamazon ER, Hatzopoulos AK. Transcriptome analysis of cardiac endothelial cells after myocardial infarction reveals temporal changes and long-term deficits. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9991. [PMID: 38693202 PMCID: PMC11063162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) have essential roles in cardiac tissue repair after myocardial infarction (MI). To establish stage-specific and long-term effects of the ischemic injury on cardiac ECs, we analyzed their transcriptome at landmark time points after MI in mice. We found that early EC response at Day 2 post-MI centered on metabolic changes, acquisition of proinflammatory phenotypes, initiation of the S phase of cell cycle, and activation of stress-response pathways, followed by progression to mitosis (M/G2 phase) and acquisition of proangiogenic and mesenchymal properties during scar formation at Day 7. In contrast, genes involved in vascular physiology and maintenance of vascular tone were suppressed. Importantly, ECs did not return to pre-injury phenotypes after repair has been completed but maintained inflammatory, fibrotic and thrombotic characteristics and lost circadian rhythmicity. We discovered that the highest induced transcript is the mammalian-specific Sh2d5 gene that promoted migration and invasion of ECs through Rac1 GTPase. Our results revealed a synchronized, temporal activation of disease phenotypes, metabolic pathways, and proliferation in quiescent ECs after MI, indicating that precisely-timed interventions are necessary to optimize cardiac tissue repair and improve outcomes. Furthermore, long-term effects of acute ischemic injury on ECs may contribute to vascular dysfunction and development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Basu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Presley L Cannon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cassandra P Awgulewitsch
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cristi L Galindo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Antonis K Hatzopoulos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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4
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Zech TJ, Wolf A, Hector M, Bischoff-Kont I, Krishnathas GM, Kuntschar S, Schmid T, Bracher F, Langmann T, Fürst R. 2-Desaza-annomontine (C81) impedes angiogenesis through reduced VEGFR2 expression derived from inhibition of CDC2-like kinases. Angiogenesis 2024; 27:245-272. [PMID: 38403816 PMCID: PMC11021337 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial process in the progression of various pathologies, like solid tumors, wet age-related macular degeneration, and chronic inflammation. Current anti-angiogenic treatments still have major drawbacks like limited efficacy in diseases that also rely on inflammation. Therefore, new anti-angiogenic approaches are sorely needed, and simultaneous inhibition of angiogenesis and inflammation is desirable. Here, we show that 2-desaza-annomontine (C81), a derivative of the plant alkaloid annomontine previously shown to inhibit endothelial inflammation, impedes angiogenesis by inhibiting CDC2-like kinases (CLKs) and WNT/β-catenin signaling. C81 reduced choroidal neovascularization in a laser-induced murine in vivo model, inhibited sprouting from vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)-activated murine aortic rings ex vivo, and reduced angiogenesis-related activities of endothelial cells in multiple functional assays. This was largely phenocopied by CLK inhibitors and knockdowns, but not by inhibitors of the other known targets of C81. Mechanistically, CLK inhibition reduced VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) mRNA and protein expression as well as downstream signaling. This was partly caused by a reduction of WNT/β-catenin pathway activity, as activating the pathway induced, while β-catenin knockdown impeded VEGFR2 expression. Surprisingly, alternative splicing of VEGFR2 was not detected. In summary, C81 and other CLK inhibitors could be promising compounds in the treatment of diseases that depend on angiogenesis and inflammation due to their impairment of both processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Zech
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - A Wolf
- Laboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Hector
- Laboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - I Bischoff-Kont
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - G M Krishnathas
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Kuntschar
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T Schmid
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Bracher
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - T Langmann
- Laboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R Fürst
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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5
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Lemmens TP, Bröker V, Rijpkema M, Hughes CCW, Schurgers LJ, Cosemans JMEM. Fundamental considerations for designing endothelialized in vitro models of thrombosis. Thromb Res 2024; 236:179-190. [PMID: 38460307 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Endothelialized in vitro models for cardiovascular disease have contributed greatly to our current understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying thrombosis. To further elucidate these mechanisms, it is important to consider which fundamental aspects to incorporate into an in vitro model. In this review, we will focus on the design of in vitro endothelialized models of thrombosis. Expanding our understanding of the relation and interplay between the different pathways involved will rely in part on complex models that incorporate endothelial cells, blood, the extracellular matrix, and flow. Importantly, the use of tissue-specific endothelial cells will help in understanding the heterogeneity in thrombotic responses between different vascular beds. The dynamic and complex responses of endothelial cells to different shear rates underlines the importance of incorporating appropriate shear in in vitro models. Alterations in vascular extracellular matrix composition, availability of bioactive molecules, and gradients in concentration and composition of these molecules can all regulate the function of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells. Factors modulating these elements in in vitro models should therefore be considered carefully depending on the research question at hand. As the complexity of in vitro models increases, so can the variability. A bottom-up approach to designing such models will remain an important tool for researchers studying thrombosis. As new techniques are continuously being developed and new pathways are brought to light, research question-dependent considerations will have to be made regarding what aspects of thrombosis to include in in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus P Lemmens
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Bröker
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Minke Rijpkema
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Leon J Schurgers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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6
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Lisec B, Bozic T, Santek I, Markelc B, Vrecl M, Frangez R, Cemazar M. Characterization of two distinct immortalized endothelial cell lines, EA.hy926 and HMEC-1, for in vitro studies: exploring the impact of calcium electroporation, Ca 2+ signaling and transcriptomic profiles. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:118. [PMID: 38347539 PMCID: PMC10863159 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01503-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis after calcium electroporation (CaEP) in tumors has been shown to elicit an enhanced antitumor effect with varying impacts on healthy tissue, such as endothelium. Therefore, our study aimed to determine differences in Ca2+ kinetics and gene expression involved in the regulation of Ca2+ signaling and homeostasis, as well as effects of CaEP on cytoskeleton and adherens junctions of the established endothelial cell lines EA.hy926 and HMEC-1. METHODS CaEP was performed on EA.hy926 and HMEC-1 cells with increasing Ca2+ concentrations. Viability after CaEP was assessed using Presto Blue, while the effect on cytoskeleton and adherens junctions was evaluated via immunofluorescence staining (F-actin, α-tubulin, VE-cadherin). Differences in intracellular Ca2+ regulation ([Ca2+]i) were determined with spectrofluorometric measurements using Fura-2-AM, exposing cells to DPBS, ionomycin, thapsigargin, ATP, bradykinin, angiotensin II, acetylcholine, LaCl3, and GdCl3. Molecular distinctions were identified by analyzing differentially expressed genes and pathways related to the cytoskeleton and Ca2+ signaling through RNA sequencing. RESULTS EA.hy926 cells, at increasing Ca2+ concentrations, displayed higher CaEP susceptibility and lower survival than HMEC-1. Immunofluorescence confirmed CaEP-induced, time- and Ca2+-dependent morphological changes in EA.hy926's actin filaments, microtubules, and cell-cell junctions. Spectrofluorometric Ca2+ kinetics showed higher amplitudes in Ca2+ responses in EA.hy926 exposed to buffer, G protein coupled receptor agonists, bradykinin, and angiotensin II compared to HMEC-1. HMEC-1 exhibited significantly higher [Ca2+]i changes after ionomycin exposure, while responses to thapsigargin, ATP, and acetylcholine were similar in both cell lines. ATP without extracellular Ca2+ ions induced a significantly higher [Ca2+]i rise in EA.hy926, suggesting purinergic ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptor activation. RNA-sequencing analysis showed significant differences in cytoskeleton- and Ca2+-related gene expression, highlighting upregulation of ORAI2, TRPC1, TRPM2, CNGA3, TRPM6, and downregulation of TRPV4 and TRPC4 in EA.hy926 versus HMEC-1. Moreover, KEGG analysis showed upregulated Ca2+ import and downregulated export genes in EA.hy926. CONCLUSIONS Our finding show that significant differences in CaEP response and [Ca2+]i regulation exist between EA.hy926 and HMEC-1, which may be attributed to distinct transcriptomic profiles. EA.hy926, compared to HMEC-1, displayed higher susceptibility and sensitivity to [Ca2+]i changes, which may be linked to overexpression of Ca2+-related genes and an inability to mitigate changes in [Ca2+]i. The study offers a bioinformatic basis for selecting EC models based on research objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lisec
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tim Bozic
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iva Santek
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bostjan Markelc
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milka Vrecl
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbiceva 60, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Frangez
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbiceva 60, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska cesta 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, SI-6310, Izola, Slovenia.
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7
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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Aggarwal N, Janjua D, Yadav J, Chaudhary A, Chhokar A, Joshi U, Bharti AC. Phytochemicals Showing Antiangiogenic Effect in Pre-clinical Models and their Potential as an Alternative to Existing Therapeutics. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:259-300. [PMID: 37867279 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266264349231016094456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from a pre-existing vascular network, is an important hallmark of several pathological conditions, such as tumor growth and metastasis, proliferative retinopathies, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and endometriosis. Putting a halt to pathology-driven angiogenesis is considered an important therapeutic strategy to slow down or reduce the severity of pathological disorders. Considering the attrition rate of synthetic antiangiogenic compounds from the lab to reaching the market due to severe side effects, several compounds of natural origin are being explored for their antiangiogenic properties. Employing pre-clinical models for the evaluation of novel antiangiogenic compounds is a promising strategy for rapid screening of antiangiogenic compounds. These studies use a spectrum of angiogenic model systems that include HUVEC two-dimensional culture, nude mice, chick chorioallantoic membrane, transgenic zebrafish, and dorsal aorta from rats and chicks, depending upon available resources. The present article emphasizes the antiangiogenic activity of the phytochemicals shown to exhibit antiangiogenic behavior in these well-defined existing angiogenic models and highlights key molecular targets. Different models help to get a quick understanding of the efficacy and therapeutics mechanism of emerging lead molecules. The inherent variability in assays and corresponding different phytochemicals tested in each study prevent their immediate utilization in clinical studies. This review will discuss phytochemicals discovered using suitable preclinical antiangiogenic models, along with a special mention of leads that have entered clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
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8
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Zhang M, Zhao F, Zhang X, Brouwer LA, Burgess JK, Harmsen MC. Fibroblasts alter the physical properties of dermal ECM-derived hydrogels to create a pro-angiogenic microenvironment. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100842. [PMID: 37942422 PMCID: PMC10628774 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of fibroblasts (MRC-5) on the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment of endothelial cells (ECs) during the vascularization of skin-derived ECM hydrogel in vitro. Two types of ECs were studied: human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) and human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMEC). Results showed that the presence of MRC-5 fibroblasts increased the stiffness of the hydrogel and led to larger fiber diameters and increased porosity. Extensive collagen fiber remodeling occurred in the ECM hydrogel with MRC-5 fibroblasts. Additionally, higher levels of fibulin-1 and fibronectin were deposited in the hydrogel when co-cultured with MRC-5 fibroblasts. These findings suggest that MRC-5 fibroblasts play a role in modifying the ECM microenvironment, promoting vascularization through dynamic ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Fenghua Zhao
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xue Zhang
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Linda A. Brouwer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janette K. Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin C. Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science-FB41, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713, AV Groningen, the Netherlands
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9
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Zhao H, Chen Z, Kang X, Yang B, Luo P, Li H, He Q. The frontline of alternatives to animal testing: novel in vitro skin model application in drug development and evaluation. Toxicol Sci 2023; 196:152-169. [PMID: 37702017 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The FDA Modernization Act 2.0 has brought nonclinical drug evaluation into a new era. In vitro models are widely used and play an important role in modern drug development and evaluation, including early candidate drug screening and preclinical drug efficacy and toxicity assessment. Driven by regulatory steering and facilitated by well-defined physiology, novel in vitro skin models are emerging rapidly, becoming the most advanced area in alternative testing research. The revolutionary technologies bring us many in vitro skin models, either laboratory-developed or commercially available, which were all built to emulate the structure of the natural skin to recapitulate the skin's physiological function and particular skin pathology. During the model development, how to achieve balance among complexity, accessibility, capability, and cost-effectiveness remains the core challenge for researchers. This review attempts to introduce the existing in vitro skin models, align them on different dimensions, such as structural complexity, functional maturity, and screening throughput, and provide an update on their current application in various scenarios within the scope of chemical testing and drug development, including testing in genotoxicity, phototoxicity, skin sensitization, corrosion/irritation. Overall, the review will summarize a general strategy for in vitro skin model to enhance future model invention, application, and translation in drug development and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhaozeng Chen
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xingchen Kang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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10
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Tiruppathi C, Wang DM, Ansari MO, Bano S, Tsukasaki Y, Mukhopadhyay A, Joshi JC, Loch C, Niessen HWM, Malik AB. Ubiquitin ligase CHFR mediated degradation of VE-cadherin through ubiquitylation disrupts endothelial adherens junctions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6582. [PMID: 37852964 PMCID: PMC10584835 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42225-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) expressed at endothelial adherens junctions (AJs) is vital for vascular integrity and endothelial homeostasis. Here we identify the requirement of the ubiquitin E3-ligase CHFR as a key mechanism of ubiquitylation-dependent degradation of VE-cadherin. CHFR was essential for disrupting the endothelium through control of the VE-cadherin protein expression at AJs. We observe augmented expression of VE-cadherin in endothelial cell (EC)-restricted Chfr knockout (ChfrΔEC) mice. We also observe abrogation of LPS-induced degradation of VE-cadherin in ChfrΔEC mice, suggesting the pathophysiological relevance of CHFR in regulating the endothelial junctional barrier in inflammation. Lung endothelial barrier breakdown, inflammatory neutrophil extravasation, and mortality induced by LPS were all suppressed in ChfrΔEC mice. We find that the transcription factor FoxO1 is a key upstream regulator of CHFR expression. These findings demonstrate the requisite role of the endothelial cell-expressed E3-ligase CHFR in regulating the expression of VE-cadherin, and thereby endothelial junctional barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnaswamy Tiruppathi
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Dong-Mei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mohammad Owais Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shabana Bano
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yoshikazu Tsukasaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amitabha Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jagdish C Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Hans W M Niessen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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11
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Merkulova AA, Abdalian S, Silbak S, Pinheiro A, Schmaier AH. C1 inhibitor and prolylcarboxypeptidase modulate prekallikrein activation on endothelial cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:961-971.e7. [PMID: 37399947 PMCID: PMC10592223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined how prekallikrein (PK) activation on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) is regulated by the ambient concentration of C1 inhibitor (C1INH) and prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP). OBJECTIVE We sought to examine the specificity of PK activation on HMVECs by PRCP and the role of C1INH to regulate it, high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK) cleavage, and bradykinin (BK) liberation. METHODS Investigations were performed on cultured HMVECs. Immunofluorescence, enzymatic activity assays, immunoblots, small interfering RNA knockdowns, and cell transfections were used to perform these studies. RESULTS Cultured HMVECs constitutively coexpressed PK, HK, C1INH, and PRCP. PK activation on HMVECs was modulated by the ambient C1INH concentration. In the absence of C1INH, forming PKa on HMVECs cleaved 120-kDa HK completely to a 65-kDa H-chain and a 46-kDa L-chain in 60 minutes. In the presence of 2 μM C1INH, only 50% of the HK became cleaved. C1INH concentrations (0.0-2.5 μM) decreased but did not abolish BK liberated from HK by activated PK. Factor XII did not activate when incubated with HMVECs alone for 1 hour. However, if incubated in the presence of HK and PK, factor XII became activated. The specificity of PK activation on HMVECs by PRCP was shown by several inhibitors to each enzyme. Furthermore, PRCP small interfering RNA knockdowns magnified C1INH inhibitory activity on PK activation, and PRCP transfections reduced C1INH inhibition at any given concentration. CONCLUSIONS These combined studies indicated that on HMVECs, PK activation and HK cleavage to liberate BK were modulated by the local concentrations of C1INH and PRCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona A Merkulova
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sarah Abdalian
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sadiq Silbak
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alessandro Pinheiro
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alvin H Schmaier
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
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12
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Bhosle VK, Sun C, Patel S, Ho TWW, Westman J, Ammendolia DA, Langari FM, Fine N, Toepfner N, Li Z, Sharma M, Glogauer J, Capurro MI, Jones NL, Maynes JT, Lee WL, Glogauer M, Grinstein S, Robinson LA. The chemorepellent, SLIT2, bolsters innate immunity against Staphylococcus aureus. eLife 2023; 12:e87392. [PMID: 37773612 PMCID: PMC10541174 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are essential for host defense against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The neuro-repellent, SLIT2, potently inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis, and might, therefore, be expected to impair antibacterial responses. We report here that, unexpectedly, neutrophils exposed to the N-terminal SLIT2 (N-SLIT2) fragment kill extracellular S. aureus more efficiently. N-SLIT2 amplifies reactive oxygen species production in response to the bacteria by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase that in turn phosphorylates NCF1, an essential subunit of the NADPH oxidase complex. N-SLIT2 also enhances the exocytosis of neutrophil secondary granules. In a murine model of S. aureus skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), local SLIT2 levels fall initially but increase subsequently, peaking at 3 days after infection. Of note, the neutralization of endogenous SLIT2 worsens SSTI. Temporal fluctuations in local SLIT2 levels may promote neutrophil recruitment and retention at the infection site and hasten bacterial clearance by augmenting neutrophil oxidative burst and degranulation. Collectively, these actions of SLIT2 coordinate innate immune responses to limit susceptibility to S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant K Bhosle
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
| | - Chunxiang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Sajedabanu Patel
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
| | - Tse Wing Winnie Ho
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Johannes Westman
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
| | - Dustin A Ammendolia
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Fatemeh Mirshafiei Langari
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Nicole Toepfner
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Zhubing Li
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
| | - Manraj Sharma
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
| | - Judah Glogauer
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Mariana I Capurro
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
| | - Nicola L Jones
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
- Department of Physiology, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Jason T Maynes
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Warren L Lee
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Medicine and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer CentreTorontoCanada
- Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai HospitalTorontoCanada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Lisa A Robinson
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research InstituteTorontoCanada
- Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
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13
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Puppo M, Valluru MK, Croset M, Ceresa D, Iuliani M, Khan A, Wicinski J, Charafe-Jauffret E, Ginestier C, Pantano F, Ottewell PD, Clézardin P. MiR-662 is associated with metastatic relapse in early-stage breast cancer and promotes metastasis by stimulating cancer cell stemness. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:754-771. [PMID: 37443350 PMCID: PMC10449914 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02340-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) metastasis, which often occurs in bone, contributes substantially to mortality. MicroRNAs play a fundamental role in BC metastasis, although microRNA-regulated mechanisms driving metastasis progression remain poorly understood. METHODS MiRome analysis in serum from BC patients was performed by TaqMan™ low-density array. MiR-662 was overexpressed following MIMIC-transfection or lentivirus transduction. Animal models were used to investigate the role of miR-662 in BC (bone) metastasis. The effect of miR-662-overexpressing BC cell conditioned medium on osteoclastogenesis was investigated. ALDEFLUOR assays were performed to study BC stemness. RNA-sequencing transcriptomic analysis of miR-662-overexpressing BC cells was performed to evaluate gene expression changes. RESULTS High levels of hsa-miR-662 (miR-662) in serum from BC patients, at baseline (time of surgery), were associated with future recurrence in bone. At an early-stage of the metastatic disease, miR-662 could mask the presence of BC metastases in bone by inhibiting the differentiation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Nonetheless, metastatic miR-662-overexpressing BC cells then progressed as overt osteolytic metastases thanks to increased stem cell-like traits. CONCLUSIONS MiR-662 is involved in BC metastasis progression, suggesting it may be used as a prognostic marker to identify BC patients at high risk of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Puppo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, Lyon, France.
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69008, Lyon, France.
| | - Manoj Kumar Valluru
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Martine Croset
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, Lyon, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69008, Lyon, France
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR_5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Davide Ceresa
- IRCCS AOU San Martino, Università degli studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Iuliani
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128, Roma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Ashrin Khan
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julien Wicinski
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Ginestier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Francesco Pantano
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128, Roma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Roma, Italy
| | - Penelope Dawn Ottewell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Philippe Clézardin
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, Lyon, France.
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69008, Lyon, France.
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14
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Grande T, Vornoli A, Lubrano V, Vizzarri F, Raffaelli A, Gabriele M, Novoa J, Sandoval C, Longo V, Echeverria MC, Pozzo L. Chlamydomonas agloeformis from the Ecuadorian Highlands: Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds Profiling and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity. Foods 2023; 12:3147. [PMID: 37685081 PMCID: PMC10487033 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Green microalgae are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that, in recent years, are becoming increasingly important in the nutraceutical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields because of their high content of bioactive compounds. In this study, a particular green microalga was isolated from freshwater highland lakes of Ecuador and morphologically and molecularly identified as Chlamydomonas agloeformis (ChA), and it was studied for nutritional and nutraceutical properties. The phenolic composition and the fatty acids profile of lyophilized cells were determined. The methanolic extract was analyzed for the phenolic compounds profile and the antioxidant capacity by means of in vitro tests. Finally, Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HMEC-1) were exploited to explore the capacity of ChA to reduce the endothelial damage induced by oxidized LDL-mediated oxidative stress. The extract showed a good antioxidant ability thanks to the high content in polyphenolic compounds. The observed decrease in HMEC-1 cells endothelial damage also was probably due to the antioxidant compounds present in the extract. Based on the outcomes of our in vitro assays, ChA demonstrated to be a promising source of bioactive compounds possessing exceptional antioxidant capacities which make it a prospective functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Grande
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology-National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.G.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (M.G.); (V.L.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Vornoli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology-National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.G.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (M.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Valter Lubrano
- Fondazione G. Monasterio, CNR/Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Vizzarri
- National Agricultural and Food Centre Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 95141 Lužianky, Slovakia;
| | - Andrea Raffaelli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology-National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.G.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (M.G.); (V.L.)
- Crop Science Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Morena Gabriele
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology-National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.G.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (M.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Jeniffer Novoa
- eCIER Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Av. 17 de Julio 5–21 y Gral. José María Córdova, Ibarra 100150, Ecuador; (J.N.); (C.S.); (M.C.E.)
| | - Carla Sandoval
- eCIER Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Av. 17 de Julio 5–21 y Gral. José María Córdova, Ibarra 100150, Ecuador; (J.N.); (C.S.); (M.C.E.)
| | - Vincenzo Longo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology-National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.G.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (M.G.); (V.L.)
| | - Maria Cristina Echeverria
- eCIER Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Av. 17 de Julio 5–21 y Gral. José María Córdova, Ibarra 100150, Ecuador; (J.N.); (C.S.); (M.C.E.)
| | - Luisa Pozzo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology-National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (T.G.); (A.V.); (A.R.); (M.G.); (V.L.)
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15
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Bernardo T, Kuntze A, Klein D, Heinzelmann F, Timmermann B, von Neubeck C. Endothelial Cell Response to Combined Photon or Proton Irradiation with Doxorubicin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12833. [PMID: 37629014 PMCID: PMC10454477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are essential treatment modalities to target cancer cells, but they frequently cause damage to the normal tissue, potentially leading to side effects. As proton beam radiotherapy (PBT) can precisely spare normal tissue, this therapeutic option is of increasing importance regarding (neo-)adjuvant and definitive anti-cancer therapies. Akin to photon-based radiotherapy, PBT is often combined with systemic treatment, such as doxorubicin (Dox). This study compares the cellular response of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) following irradiation with photons (X) or protons (H) alone and also in combination with different sequences of Dox. The cellular survival, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, viability, morphology, and migration were all investigated. Dox monotreatment had minor effects on all endpoints. Both radiation qualities alone and in combination with longer Dox schedules significantly reduced clonogenic survival and proliferation, increased the apoptotic cell fraction, induced a longer G2/M cell cycle arrest, and altered the cell morphology towards endothelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EndoMT) processes. Radiation quality effects were seen for metabolic viability, proliferation, and motility of HMEC-1 cells. Additive effects were found for longer Dox schedules. Overall, similar effects were found for H/H-Dox and X/X-Dox. Significant alterations between the radiation qualities indicate different but not worse endothelial cell damage by H/H-Dox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bernardo
- Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.B.); (B.T.)
| | - Anna Kuntze
- Gerhard Domagk Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Feline Heinzelmann
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), 45147 Essen, Germany;
- West German Cancer Centre (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Technical University (TU) Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Beate Timmermann
- Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.B.); (B.T.)
- West German Proton Therapy Centre Essen (WPE), 45147 Essen, Germany;
- West German Cancer Centre (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Cläre von Neubeck
- Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.B.); (B.T.)
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16
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Leidecker M, Bertling A, Hussain M, Bischoff M, Eble JA, Fender AC, Jurk K, Rumpf C, Herrmann M, Kehrel BE, Niemann S. Protein Disulfide Isomerase and Extracellular Adherence Protein Cooperatively Potentiate Staphylococcal Invasion into Endothelial Cells. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0388622. [PMID: 36995240 PMCID: PMC10269700 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03886-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasion of host cells is an important feature of Staphylococcus aureus. The main internalization pathway involves binding of the bacteria to host cells, e.g., endothelial cells, via a fibronectin (Fn) bridge between S. aureus Fn binding proteins and α5β1-integrin, followed by phagocytosis. The secreted extracellular adherence protein (Eap) has been shown to promote this cellular uptake pathway of not only S. aureus, but also of bacteria otherwise poorly taken up by host cells, such as Staphylococcus carnosus. The exact mechanisms are still unknown. Previously, we demonstrated that Eap induces platelet activation by stimulation of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), a catalyst of thiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Here, we show that Eap promotes PDI activity on the surface of endothelial cells, and that this contributes critically to Eap-driven staphylococcal invasion. PDI-stimulated β1-integrin activation followed by increased Fn binding to host cells likely accounts for the Eap-enhanced uptake of S. aureus into non-professional phagocytes. Additionally, Eap supports the binding of S. carnosus to Fn-α5β1 integrin, thereby allowing its uptake into endothelial cells. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that PDI is crucial for the uptake of bacteria into host cells. We describe a hitherto unknown function of Eap-the promotion of an enzymatic activity with subsequent enhancement of bacterial uptake-and thus broaden mechanistic insights into its importance as a driver of bacterial pathogenicity. IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus aureus can invade and persist in non-professional phagocytes, thereby escaping host defense mechanisms and antibiotic treatment. The intracellular lifestyle of S. aureus contributes to the development of infection, e.g., in infective endocarditis or chronic osteomyelitis. The extracellular adherence protein secreted by S. aureus promotes its own internalization as well as that of bacteria that are otherwise poorly taken up by host cells, such as Staphylococcus carnosus. In our study, we demonstrate that staphylococcal uptake by endothelial cells requires catalytic disulfide exchange activity by the cell-surface protein disulfide isomerase, and that this critical enzymatic function is enhanced by Eap. The therapeutic application of PDI inhibitors has previously been investigated in the context of thrombosis and hypercoagulability. Our results add another intriguing possibility: therapeutically targeting PDI, i.e., as a candidate approach to modulate the initiation and/or course of S. aureus infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleen Leidecker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anne Bertling
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Muzaffar Hussain
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Johannes A. Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anke C. Fender
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christine Rumpf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mathias Herrmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Beate E. Kehrel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Experimental and Clinical Haemostasis, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Silke Niemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
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17
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Quarta S, Scoditti E, Zonno V, Siculella L, Damiano F, Carluccio MA, Pagliara P. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Vasculoprotective Effects of Red Cell Extract from the Black Sea Urchin Arbacia lixula. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071672. [PMID: 37049512 PMCID: PMC10096920 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea urchins have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties relevant to human health. Since inflammation is a crucial pathogenic process in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, we here assessed the potential anti-inflammatory and vasculoprotective effects of coelomic red-cell methanolic extract of the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula in an in vitro model of endothelial cell dysfunction. Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were pretreated with A. lixula red-cell extract (10 and 100 μg/mL) before exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The extract was non-toxic after 24 h cell treatment and was characterized by antioxidant power and phenol content. The TNF-α-stimulated expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and cytokines/chemokines (MCP-1, CCL-5, IL-6, IL-8, M-CSF) was significantly attenuated by A. lixula red-cell extract. This was functionally accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis towards activated endothelial cells. At the molecular level, the tested extract significantly counteracted the TNF-α-stimulated activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. These results provide evidence of potential anti-atherosclerotic properties of A. lixula red-cell extract, and open avenues in the discovery and development of dietary supplements and/or drugs for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Quarta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zonno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Damiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Pagliara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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18
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Dienemann S, Schmidt V, Fleischhammer T, Mueller JH, Lavrentieva A. Comparative analysis of hypoxic response of human microvascular and umbilical vein endothelial cells in 2D and 3D cell culture systems. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1111-1120. [PMID: 36947660 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cultivation conditions play a crucial role in cell physiology and the cellular response to external stimuli. Oxygen concentrations represent an essential microenvironmental factor influencing cell physiology and behaviour both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, new approaches are urgently needed to monitor and control oxygen concentrations in 2D and 3D cultures, as well as cell reactions to these concentrations. In this work, we modified two types of human endothelial cells-human microvascular (huMECs) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (huVECs) with genetically encoded hypoxia biosensors and monitored cell reactions in 2D to different oxygen concentrations. Moreover, we fabricated 3D cell spheroids of different cell numbers and sizes to reveal the onset of hypoxia in huVECs and huMECs. We could demonstrate a quantitative sensor response of two cell types to reduced oxygen supply in 2D and reveal different thresholds for hypoxic response. In 3D cell spheroids we could estimate critical construct sizes for the appearance of a hypoxic core. This work for the first time directly demonstrates different hypoxic signatures for huVECs and huMECs in 2D and 3D cell culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dienemann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tabea Fleischhammer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia H Mueller
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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19
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Barrionuevo E, Cornier PG, Delpiccolo CML, Mata EG, Roguin LP, Blank VC. Antiangiogenic activity of the penicillin derivative TAP7f in melanoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:249-263. [PMID: 36688961 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Previously , we demonstrated that the non-antibiotic penicillin derivative TAP7f inhibited melanoma metastasis in vitro and in vivo through the downregulation of β-catenin and integrin αVβ3. As angiogenesis is required for tumor growth and metastasis, we decided to explore the possible antiangiogenic effect of TAP7f. We found that TAP7f inhibited proliferation, migration, tube formation, and actin cytoskeleton organization of human endothelial cells. In a gel plug assay, an in vivo model for angiogenesis, TAP7f also blocked vascular formation induced by fibroblast growth factor 2. Furthermore, when murine B16-F10 melanoma cells pre-treated with TAP7f were injected intradermally in mice, we observed a decrease in the number and thickness of the capillaries surrounding the tumor. Additionally, TAP7f downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) expression in B16-F10 cells and VEGF receptor expression in HMEC-1 endothelial cells. When the antitumor effect of TAP7f was studied in C57BL/6 J mice challenged with B16-F10 melanoma cells, a significant reduction of tumor growth was observed. Furthermore, a decreased expression of VEGF, PDGF-B, and the endothelial cell marker CD34 was observed in tumors from TAP7f-treated mice. Together, our results suggest that the antiangiogenic activity of TAP7f contributes to its antitumor and antimetastatic action and positions this penicillin derivative as an alternative or complementary agent for the treatment of melanoma. KEY MESSAGES: • TAP7f inhibits proliferation, migration, tube formation, and actin cytoskeleton organization of endothelial cells. • TAP7f downregulates VEGF receptor expression in endothelial cells. • TAP7f downregulates VEGF and PDGF expression in melanoma cells. • TAP7f inhibits angiogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Barrionuevo
- Laboratorio de Oncología y Transducción de Señales, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia G Cornier
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Carina M L Delpiccolo
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ernesto G Mata
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Leonor P Roguin
- Laboratorio de Oncología y Transducción de Señales, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana C Blank
- Laboratorio de Oncología y Transducción de Señales, Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- , Buenos Aires, 956, C1113AAD, Argentina.
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20
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Pal D, Ghatak S, Singh K, Abouhashem AS, Kumar M, El Masry MS, Mohanty SK, Palakurti R, Rustagi Y, Tabasum S, Khona DK, Khanna S, Kacar S, Srivastava R, Bhasme P, Verma SS, Hernandez E, Sharma A, Reese D, Verma P, Ghosh N, Gorain M, Wan J, Liu S, Liu Y, Castro NH, Gnyawali SC, Lawrence W, Moore J, Perez DG, Roy S, Yoder MC, Sen CK. Identification of a physiologic vasculogenic fibroblast state to achieve tissue repair. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1129. [PMID: 36854749 PMCID: PMC9975176 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue injury to skin diminishes miR-200b in dermal fibroblasts. Fibroblasts are widely reported to directly reprogram into endothelial-like cells and we hypothesized that miR-200b inhibition may cause such changes. We transfected human dermal fibroblasts with anti-miR-200b oligonucleotide, then using single cell RNA sequencing, identified emergence of a vasculogenic subset with a distinct fibroblast transcriptome and demonstrated blood vessel forming function in vivo. Anti-miR-200b delivery to murine injury sites likewise enhanced tissue perfusion, wound closure, and vasculogenic fibroblast contribution to perfused vessels in a FLI1 dependent manner. Vasculogenic fibroblast subset emergence was blunted in delayed healing wounds of diabetic animals but, topical tissue nanotransfection of a single anti-miR-200b oligonucleotide was sufficient to restore FLI1 expression, vasculogenic fibroblast emergence, tissue perfusion, and wound healing. Augmenting a physiologic tissue injury adaptive response mechanism that produces a vasculogenic fibroblast state change opens new avenues for therapeutic tissue vascularization of ischemic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durba Pal
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Subhadip Ghatak
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kanhaiya Singh
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ahmed Safwat Abouhashem
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Manishekhar Kumar
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mohamed S El Masry
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sujit K Mohanty
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Ravichand Palakurti
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yashika Rustagi
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Saba Tabasum
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Dolly K Khona
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Savita Khanna
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sedat Kacar
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Rajneesh Srivastava
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Pramod Bhasme
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sumit S Verma
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Edward Hernandez
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Anu Sharma
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Diamond Reese
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Priyanka Verma
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Nandini Ghosh
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mahadeo Gorain
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (CCBB), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (CCBB), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (CCBB), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Natalia Higuita Castro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Surya C Gnyawali
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - William Lawrence
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jordan Moore
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Daniel Gallego Perez
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Chandan K Sen
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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21
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Development of L-Lysine-Loaded PLGA Microparticles as a Controlled Release System for Angiogenesis Enhancement. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020479. [PMID: 36839801 PMCID: PMC9961840 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is a highly conserved and considerably complex and precise process that is finely driven by endogenous regulatory processes at the tissue and systemic levels. However, it can reveal itself to be slow and inadequate for tissue repair and regeneration consequent to severe lesions/damages. Several biomaterial-based strategies were developed to support and enhance vasculogenesis by supplying pro-angiogenic agents. Several approaches were adopted to develop effective drug delivery systems for the controlled release of a huge variety of compounds. In this work, a microparticulate system was chosen to be loaded with the essential amino acid L-lysine, a molecule that has recently gained interest due to its involvement in pro-angiogenic, pro-regenerative, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), the most widely used FDA-approved biodegradable synthetic polymer for the development of drug delivery systems, was chosen due to its versatility and ability to promote neovascularization and wound healing. This study dealt with the development and the effectiveness evaluation of a PLGA-based microparticulate system for the controlled release of L-lysine. Therefore, in order to maximize L-lysine encapsulation efficiency and tune its release kinetics, the microparticle synthesis protocol was optimized by varying some processing parameters. All developed formulations were characterized from a morphological and physicochemical point of view. The optimized formulation was further characterized via the evaluation of its preliminary biological efficacy in vitro. The cellular and molecular studies revealed that the L-lysine-loaded PLGA microparticles were non-toxic, biocompatible, and supported cell proliferation and angiogenesis well by stimulating the expression of pro-angiogenic genes such as metalloproteinase-9, focal adhesion kinases, and different growth factors. Thus, this work showed the potential of delivering L-lysine encapsulated in PLGA microparticles as a cost-effective promoter system for angiogenesis enhancement and rapid healing.
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22
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Thompson S, Pang CY, Sepuru KM, Cambier S, Hellyer TP, Scott J, Simpson AJ, Proost P, Kirby JA, Rajarathnam K, Sheerin NS, Ali S. Nitration of chemokine CXCL8 acts as a natural mechanism to limit acute inflammation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:35. [PMID: 36622452 PMCID: PMC9829591 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine CXCL8 is a key facilitator of the human host immune response, mediating neutrophil migration, and activation at the site of infection and injury. The oxidative burst is an important effector mechanism which leads to the generation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), including peroxynitrite. The current study was performed to determine the potential for nitration to alter the biological properties of CXCL8 and its detection in human disease. Here, we show peroxynitrite nitrates CXCL8 and thereby regulates neutrophil migration and activation. The nitrated chemokine was unable to induce transendothelial neutrophil migration in vitro and failed to promote leukocyte recruitment in vivo. This reduced activity is due to impairment in both G protein-coupled receptor signaling and glycosaminoglycan binding. Using a novel antibody, nitrated CXCL8 was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from patients with pneumonia. These findings were validated by mass spectrometry. Our results provide the first direct evidence of chemokine nitration in human pathophysiology and suggest a natural mechanism that limits acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Thompson
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Chong Yun Pang
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Krishna Mohan Sepuru
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Seppe Cambier
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas P Hellyer
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Jonathan Scott
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - A John Simpson
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4L9, UK
| | - Paul Proost
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John A Kirby
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Krishna Rajarathnam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| | - Neil S Sheerin
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Simi Ali
- Immunity and Inflammation Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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23
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Abstract
The angiogenesis process was described in its basic concepts in the works of the Scottish surgeon John Hunter and terminologically assessed in the early twentieth century. An aberrant angiogenesis is a prerequisite for cancer cells in solid tumors to grow and metastasize. The sprouting of new blood vessels is one of the major characteristics of cancer and represents a gateway for tumor cells to enter both the blood and lymphatic circulation systems. In vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro models of angiogenesis have provided essential tools for cancer research and antiangiogenic drug screening. Several in vivo studies have been performed to investigate the various steps of tumor angiogenesis and in vitro experiments contributed to dissecting the molecular bases of this phenomenon. Moreover, coculture of cancer and endothelial cells in 2D and 3D matrices have contributed to improve the recapitulation of the complex process of tumor angiogenesis, including the peculiar conditions of tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Natale
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Museum of Human Anatomy "Filippo Civinini", School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Bocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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24
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Sanchez MM, Tonmoy TI, Park BH, Morgan JT. Development of a Vascularized Human Skin Equivalent with Hypodermis for Photoaging Studies. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121828. [PMID: 36551256 PMCID: PMC9775308 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoaging is an important extrinsic aging factor leading to altered skin morphology and reduced function. Prior work has revealed a connection between photoaging and loss of subcutaneous fat. Currently, primary models for studying this are in vivo (human samples or animal models) or in vitro models, including human skin equivalents (HSEs). In vivo models are limited by accessibility and cost, while HSEs typically do not include a subcutaneous adipose component. To address this, we developed an "adipose-vascular" HSE (AVHSE) culture method, which includes both hypodermal adipose and vascular cells. Furthermore, we tested AVHSE as a potential model for hypodermal adipose aging via exposure to 0.45 ± 0.15 mW/cm2 385 nm light (UVA). One week of 2 h daily UVA exposure had limited impact on epidermal and vascular components of the AVHSE, but significantly reduced adiposity by approximately 50%. Overall, we have developed a novel method for generating HSE that include vascular and adipose components and demonstrated potential as an aging model using photoaging as an example.
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25
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Analysis of the Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Osteoarthritic Potential of Flonat Fast®, a Combination of Harpagophytum Procumbens DC. ex Meisn., Boswellia Serrata Roxb., Curcuma longa L., Bromelain and Escin (Aesculus hippocastanum), Evaluated in In Vitro Models of Inflammation Relevant to Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101263. [PMID: 36297375 PMCID: PMC9609228 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by inflammation of the synovium, angiogenesis, cartilage degradation, and osteophyte formation. Harpagophytum Procumbens DC. ex Meisn., Boswellia Serrata Roxb., Curcuma longa L., Bromelain and Escin (Aesculus hippocastanum) are plants which extracts, together to Bromelain and Escin (Aesculus hippocastanum) are traditionally used in OA. However, their mechanistic role remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether these bioactives alone or in combination (as in Flonat Fast®) can suppress TNF-α-induced inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteophyte formation using two cell models involved in OA: endothelial cells and monocytes. Each plant extract was evaluated for its polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and toxicity. In endothelial cells and monocytes, expression of genes involved in OA was assessed, functional assays for inflammation and angiogenesis were performed, and impairment of reactive oxygen species production (ROS) was evaluated. Exposure of cells to the bioactives alone and in combination before cytokine stimulation resulted in differential counterregulation of several gene and protein expressions, including those for cyclooxygenases-2, metalloproteinase-9, transforming growth factor β1, and bone morphogenic protein-2. We demonstrated that these bioactives modulated monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells as well as cell migration and endothelial angiogenesis. Consistent with radical scavenging activity in the cell-free system, the bioactives curbed TNF-α-stimulated intracellular ROS production. We confirmed the potential anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effects of the combination of Harpagophytum procumbens, Boswellia, Curcuma, Bromelain, and Escin and provided new mechanistic evidence for their use in OA. However, further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the true clinical utility of these bioactives as supportive, preventive, and therapeutic agents.
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26
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Farrugia C, Stafford GP, Gains AF, Cutts AR, Murdoch C. Fusobacterium nucleatum mediates endothelial damage and increased permeability following single species and polymicrobial infection. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1421-1433. [PMID: 35644006 PMCID: PMC9796848 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous lines of evidence link periodontal pathobionts and their virulence factors with endothelial damage. Most research has been conducted using single species infections at the exclusion of other periodontal microorganisms that have been identified in vascular tissue. Here, we assessed endothelial infection with either single or mixed periodontal species infection and examined their effect on endothelial damage and permeability. METHODS Cell surface abundance of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) or endothelial permeability following infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies (ssp) nucleatum, ssp polymorphum or Tannerella forsythia as single or mixed species infection was determined by flow cytometry and a fluorescent dextran permeability assay. Zebrafish embryos were infected systemically with either single or mixed species with mortality and disease measured over time. RESULTS F. nucleatum ssp nucleatum, ssp polymorphum and P. gingivalis significantly reduced PECAM-1 abundance in single species infection, whereas T. forsythia had no effect. F. nucleatum ssp polymorphum caused considerable mortality and morbidity in a zebrafish systemic infection model. Polymicrobial infection underscored the virulence of F. nucleatum ssp polymorphum in particular with increased endothelial cell death and reduced PECAM-1 abundance in co-infection studies with this organism. When injected systemically into zebrafish in polymicrobial infection, fluorescently labeled bacteria were distributed throughout the vasculature and cardiac region where, in some instances, they co-localized with each other. CONCLUSIONS These data provide further evidence on the effects of F. nucleatum on endothelium adhesion molecule abundance and permeability while also highlighting the importance of performing polymicrobial infection to study the molecular mechanisms associated with periodontal pathogen-induced vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cher Farrugia
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK,Bristol Dental SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | | | - Ashley F. Gains
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - Craig Murdoch
- School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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27
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Flournoy J, Ashkanani S, Chen Y. Mechanical regulation of signal transduction in angiogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:933474. [PMID: 36081909 PMCID: PMC9447863 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.933474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophysical and biochemical cues work in concert to regulate angiogenesis. These cues guide angiogenesis during development and wound healing. Abnormal cues contribute to pathological angiogenesis during tumor progression. In this review, we summarize the known signaling pathways involved in mechanotransduction important to angiogenesis. We discuss how variation in the mechanical microenvironment, in terms of stiffness, ligand availability, and topography, can modulate the angiogenesis process. We also present an integrated view on how mechanical perturbations, such as stretching and fluid shearing, alter angiogenesis-related signal transduction acutely, leading to downstream gene expression. Tissue engineering-based approaches to study angiogenesis are reviewed too. Future directions to aid the efforts in unveiling the comprehensive picture of angiogenesis are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Flournoy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shahad Ashkanani
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Yun Chen,
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28
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Camassa LMA, Elje E, Mariussen E, Longhin EM, Dusinska M, Zienolddiny-Narui S, Rundén-Pran E. Advanced Respiratory Models for Hazard Assessment of Nanomaterials—Performance of Mono-, Co- and Tricultures. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152609. [PMID: 35957046 PMCID: PMC9370172 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Advanced in vitro models are needed to support next-generation risk assessment (NGRA), moving from hazard assessment based mainly on animal studies to the application of new alternative methods (NAMs). Advanced models must be tested for hazard assessment of nanomaterials (NMs). The aim of this study was to perform an interlaboratory trial across two laboratories to test the robustness of and optimize a 3D lung model of human epithelial A549 cells cultivated at the air–liquid interface (ALI). Potential change in sensitivity in hazard identification when adding complexity, going from monocultures to co- and tricultures, was tested by including human endothelial cells EA.hy926 and differentiated monocytes dTHP-1. All models were exposed to NM-300K in an aerosol exposure system (VITROCELL® cloud-chamber). Cyto- and genotoxicity were measured by AlamarBlue and comet assay. Cellular uptake was investigated with transmission electron microscopy. The models were characterized by confocal microscopy and barrier function tested. We demonstrated that this advanced lung model is applicable for hazard assessment of NMs. The results point to a change in sensitivity of the model by adding complexity and to the importance of detailed protocols for robustness and reproducibility of advanced in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabeth Elje
- NILU—Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway; (E.E.); (E.M.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Mariussen
- NILU—Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway; (E.E.); (E.M.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, FHI, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eleonora Marta Longhin
- NILU—Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway; (E.E.); (E.M.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Maria Dusinska
- NILU—Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway; (E.E.); (E.M.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Shan Zienolddiny-Narui
- National Institute of Occupational Health in Norway, 0033 Oslo, Norway;
- Correspondence: (S.Z.-N.); (E.R.-P.); Tel.: +47-2319-5284 (S.Z.-N.); +47-6389-8237 (E.R.-P.)
| | - Elise Rundén-Pran
- NILU—Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2027 Kjeller, Norway; (E.E.); (E.M.); (E.M.L.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.-N.); (E.R.-P.); Tel.: +47-2319-5284 (S.Z.-N.); +47-6389-8237 (E.R.-P.)
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VEGF-Mediated Augmentation of Autophagic and Lysosomal Activity in Endothelial Cells Defends against Intracellular Streptococcus pyogenes. mBio 2022; 13:e0123322. [PMID: 35862783 PMCID: PMC9426552 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01233-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS), a deleterious human-pathogenic bacterium, causes life-threatening diseases such as sepsis and necrotic fasciitis. We recently reported that GAS survives and replicates within blood vessel endothelial cells because these cells are intrinsically defective in xenophagy. Because blood vessel endothelial cells are relatively germfree environments, specific stimulation may be required to sufficiently induce xenophagy. Here, we explored how vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoted xenophagy and lysosomal activity in endothelial cells. These effects were achieved by amplifying the activation of TFEB, a transcriptional factor crucial for lysosome/autophagy biogenesis, via cAMP-mediated calcium release. In a mouse model of local infection with GAS, the VEGF level was significantly elevated at the infection site. Interestingly, low serum VEGF levels were found in a mouse model of invasive bacteremia and in patients with severe GAS-induced sepsis. Moreover, the administration of VEGF improved the survival of GAS-infected mice. We propose a novel theory regarding GAS infection in endothelial cells, wherein VEGF concentrations in the systemic circulation play a critical role.
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30
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Extracellular vimentin mimics VEGF and is a target for anti-angiogenic immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2842. [PMID: 35606362 PMCID: PMC9126915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic cancer therapies possess immune-stimulatory properties by counteracting pro-angiogenic molecular mechanisms. We report that tumor endothelial cells ubiquitously overexpress and secrete the intermediate filament protein vimentin through type III unconventional secretion mechanisms. Extracellular vimentin is pro-angiogenic and functionally mimics VEGF action, while concomitantly acting as inhibitor of leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Antibody targeting of extracellular vimentin shows inhibition of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Effective and safe inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth in several preclinical and clinical studies is demonstrated using a vaccination strategy against extracellular vimentin. Targeting vimentin induces a pro-inflammatory condition in the tumor, exemplified by induction of the endothelial adhesion molecule ICAM1, suppression of PD-L1, and altered immune cell profiles. Our findings show that extracellular vimentin contributes to immune suppression and functions as a vascular immune checkpoint molecule. Targeting of extracellular vimentin presents therefore an anti-angiogenic immunotherapy strategy against cancer. The pro-tumorigenic effects of vimentin have been attributed to intracellular functions in tumour cells so far. Here, the authors show that tumour endothelial cells can secrete vimentin as a pro-angiogenic factor and that targeting of vimentin can be used as an immunotherapeutic strategy.
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31
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Meuleman MS, Duval A, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Roumenina LT, Chauvet S. Ex Vivo Test for Measuring Complement Attack on Endothelial Cells: From Research to Bedside. Front Immunol 2022; 13:860689. [PMID: 35493497 PMCID: PMC9041553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.860689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the innate immune system, the complement system plays a key role in defense against pathogens and in host cell homeostasis. This enzymatic cascade is rapidly triggered in the presence of activating surfaces. Physiologically, it is tightly regulated on host cells to avoid uncontrolled activation and self-damage. In cases of abnormal complement dysregulation/overactivation, the endothelium is one of the primary targets. Complement has gained momentum as a research interest in the last decade because its dysregulation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many human diseases. Thus, it appears to be a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention. However, detecting abnormal complement activation is challenging. In many pathological conditions, complement activation occurs locally in tissues. Standard routine exploration of the plasma concentration of the complement components shows values in the normal range. The available tests to demonstrate such dysregulation with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications are limited. There is a real need to develop tools to demonstrate the implications of complement in diseases and to explore the complex interplay between complement activation and regulation on human cells. The analysis of complement deposits on cultured endothelial cells incubated with pathologic human serum holds promise as a reference assay. This ex vivo assay most closely resembles the physiological context. It has been used to explore complement activation from sera of patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, malignant hypertension, elevated liver enzymes low platelet syndrome, sickle cell disease, pre-eclampsia, and others. In some cases, it is used to adjust the therapeutic regimen with a complement-blocking drug. Nevertheless, an international standard is lacking, and the mechanism by which complement is activated in this assay is not fully understood. Moreover, primary cell culture remains difficult to perform, which probably explains why no standardized or commercialized assay has been proposed. Here, we review the diseases for which endothelial assays have been applied. We also compare this test with others currently available to explore complement overactivation. Finally, we discuss the unanswered questions and challenges to overcome for validating the assays as a tool in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Sophie Meuleman
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anna Duval
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Lubka T Roumenina
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Chauvet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Microvascular Endothelial Cells: Effect on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Release. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074063. [PMID: 35409421 PMCID: PMC8999888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the novel pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019, high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines lead to endothelial activation and dysfunction, promoting a pro-coagulative state, thrombotic events, and microvasculature injuries. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pro-inflammatory cytokines, tissue factor, and chemokine release, with Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HMEC-1). ACE2 receptor expression was evaluated by western blot analysis. SARS-CoV-2 infection was assessed by one-step RT-PCR until 7 days post-infection (p.i.), and by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IFN-α, and hTF mRNA expression levels were detected by RT-PCR, while cytokine release was evaluated by ELISA. HMEC-1 expressed ACE2 receptor and SARS-CoV-2 infection showed a constant viral load. TEM analysis showed virions localized in the cytoplasm. Expression of IL-6 at 24 h and IFN-α mRNA at 24 h and 48 h p.i. was higher in infected than uninfected HMEC-1 (p < 0.05). IL-6 levels were significantly higher in supernatants from infected HMEC-1 (p < 0.001) at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h p.i., while IL-8 levels were significantly lower at 24 h p.i. (p < 0.001). These data indicate that in vitro microvascular endothelial cells are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection but slightly contribute to viral amplification. However, SARS-CoV-2 infection might trigger the increase of pro-inflammatory mediators.
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Grape Pomace Extract Attenuates Inflammatory Response in Intestinal Epithelial and Endothelial Cells: Potential Health-Promoting Properties in Bowel Inflammation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061175. [PMID: 35334833 PMCID: PMC8953566 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) implies the chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, combined with systemic vascular manifestations. In IBD, the incidence of cardiovascular disease appears to be related to an increase of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Grape pomace contains high levels of anti-oxidant polyphenols that are able to counteract chronic inflammatory symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine whether grape pomace polyphenolic extract (GPE) was able to mitigate the overwhelming inflammatory response in enterocyte-like cells and to improve vascular function. Intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells, grown in monolayers or in co-culture with endothelial cells (Caco-2/HMEC-1), were treated with different concentrations of GPE (1, 5, 10 µg/mL gallic acid equivalents) for 2 h and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α for 16 h. Through multiple assays, the expression of intestinal and endothelial inflammatory mediators, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and NF-κB activation, as well as endothelial-leukocyte adhesion, were evaluated. The results showed that GPE supplementation prevented, in a concentration-dependent manner, the intestinal expression and release of interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9 and MMP-2. In Caco-2 cells, GPE also suppressed the gene expression of several pro-inflammatory markers, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)-10, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. The GPE anti-inflammatory effect was mediated by the inhibition of NF-κB activity and reduced intracellular ROS levels. Furthermore, transepithelial GPE suppressed the endothelial expression of IL-6, MCP-1, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 and the subsequent adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelial cells under pro-inflammatory conditions. In conclusion, our findings suggest grape pomace as a natural source of polyphenols with multiple health-promoting properties that could contribute to the mitigation of gut chronic inflammatory diseases and improve vascular endothelial function.
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34
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Perico L, Morigi M, Galbusera M, Pezzotta A, Gastoldi S, Imberti B, Perna A, Ruggenenti P, Donadelli R, Benigni A, Remuzzi G. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein 1 Activates Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Complement System Leading to Platelet Aggregation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:827146. [PMID: 35320941 PMCID: PMC8936079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular thrombosis is associated with multiorgan failure and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although thrombotic complications may be ascribed to the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect and replicate in endothelial cells, it has been poorly investigated whether, in the complexity of viral infection in the human host, specific viral elements alone can induce endothelial damage. Detection of circulating spike protein in the sera of severe COVID-19 patients was evaluated by ELISA. In vitro experiments were performed on human microvascular endothelial cells from the derma and lung exposed to SARS-CoV-2-derived spike protein 1 (S1). The expression of adhesive molecules was studied by immunofluorescence and leukocyte adhesion and platelet aggregation were assessed under flow conditions. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and AMPK expression were investigated by Western Blot analysis. In addition, S1-treated endothelial cells were incubated with anti-ACE2 blocking antibody, AMPK agonist, or complement inhibitors. Our results show that significant levels of spike protein were found in the 30.4% of severe COVID-19 patients. In vitro, the activation of endothelial cells with S1 protein, via ACE2, impaired AMPK signalling, leading to robust leukocyte recruitment due to increased adhesive molecule expression and thrombomodulin loss. This S1-induced pro-inflammatory phenotype led to exuberant C3 and C5b-9 deposition on endothelial cells, along with C3a and C5a generation that further amplified S1-induced complement activation. Functional blockade of ACE2 or complement inhibition halted S1-induced platelet aggregates by limiting von Willebrand factor and P-selectin exocytosis and expression on endothelial cells. Overall, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2-derived S1 is sufficient in itself to propagate inflammatory and thrombogenic processes in the microvasculature, amplified by the complement system, recapitulating the thromboembolic complications of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Perico
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marina Morigi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Miriam Galbusera
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Anna Pezzotta
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sara Gastoldi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Barbara Imberti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Perna
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Piero Ruggenenti
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Roberta Donadelli
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
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35
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Xiao X, Li Y, Li L, Xiong YQ. Identification of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Genetic Factors Involved in Human Endothelial Cells Damage, an Important Phenotype Correlated with Persistent Endovascular Infection. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030316. [PMID: 35326779 PMCID: PMC8944730 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of life-threatening endovascular infections. Endothelial cell (EC) damage is a key factor in the pathogenesis of these syndromes. However, genetic factors related to the EC damage have not been well studied. This study aims to identify genetic determinants that impact human EC damage by screening the genome-wide Nebraska Transposon Mutant Library (NTML). A well-established MTT assay was used to test the in vitro damage of human EC cell line (HMEC-1) caused by each mutant strain in the NTML. We first confirmed some global regulators and genes positively impact the EC damage, which is consistent with published results. These data support the utility of the high-throughput approach. Importantly, we demonstrated 317 mutants significantly decreased the EC damage, while only 6 mutants enhanced the EC damage vs. parental JE2 strain. The majority of these genes have not been previously defined to affect human EC damage. Interestingly, many of these newly identified genes are involved in metabolism, genetic and environmental information processing, and cellular processes. These results advance our knowledge of staphylococcal genetic factors related to human EC damage which may provide novel targets for the development of effective agents against MRSA endovascular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xiao
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yi Li
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Liang Li
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Yan Q. Xiong
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (X.X.); (Y.L.); (L.L.)
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-222-3545
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36
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Arderiu G, Peña E, Civit-Urgell A, Badimon L. Endothelium-Released Microvesicles Transport miR-126 That Induces Proangiogenic Reprogramming in Monocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:836662. [PMID: 35251029 PMCID: PMC8894588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that in ischemic tissue, the hypoxic endothelial cells (EC) release extracellular microvesicles (EMVs) that are rich in tissue factor (TF). These TF-EMVs induce monocyte (Mo) homing to the ischemic zone, their differentiation into EC-like cells, and the formation of new blood vessels increasing tissue perfusion. In addition to membrane proteins, EMVs contain noncoding RNAs that can modulate cellular signaling pathways in the recipient cells. Here, we have investigated whether miRNA contained into secreted EMVs may be transferred into Mo where they could modulate EC-like cell differentiation and angiogenic responses. Our results indicated that EMVs released from activated ECs contain high levels of miR-126 and that the levels are directly proportional to TF expression in EMVs. Interestingly, miR-126 is transferred to Mo when they are incubated with TF-EMVs. Increased levels of miR-126 in Mo do not promote EC-like cell differentiation but regulate angiogenesis by targeting several components of the VEGF pathway, as SPRED1 and PI3KR2. Our findings reveal that activated ECs secrete EMVs carrying miR-126, which can modulate Mo reprogramming of angiogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Arderiu
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber CV, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Gemma Arderiu, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-4106
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber CV, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Civit-Urgell
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber CV, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Mahon N, Slater K, O'Brien J, Alvarez Y, Reynolds A, Kennedy B. Discovery and Development of the Quininib Series of Ocular Drugs. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2022; 38:33-42. [PMID: 35089801 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2021.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The quininib series is a novel collection of small-molecule drugs with antiangiogenic, antivascular permeability, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activity. Quininib was initially identified as a drug hit during a random chemical library screen for determinants of developmental ocular angiogenesis in zebrafish. To enhance drug efficacy, novel quininib analogs were designed by applying medicinal chemistry approaches. The resulting quininib drug series has efficacy in in vitro and ex vivo models of angiogenesis utilizing human cell lines and tissues. In vivo, quininib drugs reduce pathological angiogenesis and retinal vascular permeability in rodent models. Quininib acts as a cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) receptor antagonist, revealing new roles of these G-protein-coupled receptors in developmental angiogenesis of the eye and unexpectedly in uveal melanoma (UM). The quininib series highlighted the potential of CysLT receptors as therapeutic targets for retinal vasculopathies (e.g., neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic macular edema) and ocular cancers (e.g., UM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Mahon
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kayleigh Slater
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Justine O'Brien
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yolanda Alvarez
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alison Reynolds
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Sciences Center, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Breandán Kennedy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cx43 Promotes Endothelial Cell Migration and Angiogenesis via the Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010294. [PMID: 35008716 PMCID: PMC8745637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) is associated with increased cell migration and to related changes of the actin cytoskeleton, which is mediated via its C-terminal cytoplasmic tail and is independent of its channel function. Cx43 has been shown to possess an angiogenic potential, however, the role of Cx43 in endothelial cell migration has not yet been investigated. Here, we found that the knock-down of Cx43 by siRNA in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) reduces migration, as assessed by a wound assay in vitro and impaired aortic vessel sprouting ex vivo. Immunoprecipitation of Cx43 revealed an interaction with the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, which enhanced its phosphatase activity, as observed in Cx43 expressing HeLa cells compared to cells treated with an empty vector. Interestingly, the expression of a dominant negative substrate trapping mutant SHP-2 (CS) in HMEC, via lentiviral transduction, also impaired endothelial migration to a similar extent as Cx43 siRNA compared to SHP-2 WT. Moreover, the reduction in endothelial migration upon Cx43 siRNA could not be rescued by the introduction of a constitutively active SHP-2 construct (EA). Our data demonstrate that Cx43 and SHP-2 mediate endothelial cell migration, revealing a novel interaction between Cx43 and SHP-2, which is essential for this process.
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Barravecchia I, De Cesari C, Forcato M, Scebba F, Pyankova OV, Bridger JM, Foster HA, Signore G, Borghini A, Andreassi M, Andreazzoli M, Bicciato S, Pè ME, Angeloni D. Microgravity and space radiation inhibit autophagy in human capillary endothelial cells, through either opposite or synergistic effects on specific molecular pathways. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:28. [PMID: 34936031 PMCID: PMC11072227 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microgravity and space radiation (SR) are two highly influential factors affecting humans in space flight (SF). Many health problems reported by astronauts derive from endothelial dysfunction and impaired homeostasis. Here, we describe the adaptive response of human, capillary endothelial cells to SF. Reference samples on the ground and at 1g onboard permitted discrimination between the contribution of microgravity and SR within the combined responses to SF. Cell softening and reduced motility occurred in SF cells, with a loss of actin stress fibers and a broader distribution of microtubules and intermediate filaments within the cytoplasm than in control cells. Furthermore, in space the number of primary cilia per cell increased and DNA repair mechanisms were found to be activated. Transcriptomics revealed the opposing effects of microgravity from SR for specific molecular pathways: SR, unlike microgravity, stimulated pathways for endothelial activation, such as hypoxia and inflammation, DNA repair and apoptosis, inhibiting autophagic flux and promoting an aged-like phenotype. Conversely, microgravity, unlike SR, activated pathways for metabolism and a pro-proliferative phenotype. Therefore, we suggest microgravity and SR should be considered separately to tailor effective countermeasures to protect astronauts' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Barravecchia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara De Cesari
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Center for Genome Research, Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Scebba
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Olga V Pyankova
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Joanna M Bridger
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Genomic Health, Centre of Genome Engineering and Maintenance, Division of Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Helen A Foster
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | | | - Andrea Borghini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvio Bicciato
- Center for Genome Research, Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Debora Angeloni
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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Voeltzel T, Fossard G, Degaud M, Geistlich K, Gadot N, Jeanpierre S, Mikaelian I, Brevet M, Anginot A, Le Bousse-Kerdilès MC, Trichet V, Lefort S, Maguer-Satta V. A minimal standardized human bone marrow microphysiological system to assess resident cell behavior during normal and pathological processes. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:485-498. [PMID: 34904143 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01098k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow is a complex and dynamic microenvironment that provides essential cues to resident cells. We developed a standardized three-dimensional (3D) model to decipher mechanisms that control human cells during hematological and non-hematological processes. Our simple 3D-model is constituted of a biphasic calcium phosphate-based scaffold and human cell lines to ensure a high reproducibility. We obtained a minimal well-organized bone marrow-like structure in which various cell types and secreted extracellular matrix can be observed and characterized by in situ imaging or following viable cell retrieval. The complexity of the system can be increased and customized, with each cellular component being independently modulated according to the issue investigated. Introduction of pathological elements in this 3D-system accurately reproduced changes observed in patient bone marrow. Hence, we have developed a handy and flexible standardized microphysiological system that mimics human bone marrow, allowing histological analysis and functional assays on collected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Voeltzel
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France.,CNRS GDR 3697 MicroNiT, Tours, France.
| | - Gaëlle Fossard
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hematology Department, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, F-69495 Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Michaël Degaud
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hematology Department, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, F-69495 Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Kevin Geistlich
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France.,Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Gadot
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Research Pathology Platform, Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Jeanpierre
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France.,Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Ivan Mikaelian
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France
| | - Marie Brevet
- Pathology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron F-69500, France
| | - Adrienne Anginot
- UMR1197, Université Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France.,CNRS GDR 3697 MicroNiT, Tours, France.
| | | | - Valérie Trichet
- INSERM, UMR 1238, PHYOS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.,CNRS GDR 3697 MicroNiT, Tours, France.
| | - Sylvain Lefort
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France.,CNRS GDR 3697 MicroNiT, Tours, France.
| | - Véronique Maguer-Satta
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France.,Université de Lyon, 69000, Lyon, France.,Department of Cancer Initiation and Tumor cell Identity and Lyon, France.,CNRS GDR 3697 MicroNiT, Tours, France. .,Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
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Barravecchia I, Barresi E, Russo C, Scebba F, De Cesari C, Mignucci V, De Luca D, Salerno S, La Pietra V, Giustiniano M, Pelliccia S, Brancaccio D, Donati G, Da Settimo F, Taliani S, Angeloni D, Marinelli L. Enriching the Arsenal of Pharmacological Tools against MICAL2. Molecules 2021; 26:7519. [PMID: 34946600 PMCID: PMC8709466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecule interacting with CasL 2 (MICAL2), a cytoskeleton dynamics regulator, are strongly expressed in several human cancer types, especially at the invasive front, in metastasizing cancer cells and in the neo-angiogenic vasculature. Although a plethora of data exist and stress a growing relevance of MICAL2 to human cancer, it is worth noting that only one small-molecule inhibitor, named CCG-1423 (1), is known to date. Herein, with the aim to develop novel MICAL2 inhibitors, starting from CCG-1423 (1), a small library of new compounds was synthetized and biologically evaluated on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and on renal cell adenocarcinoma (786-O) cells. Among the novel compounds, 10 and 7 gave interesting results in terms of reduction in cell proliferation and/or motility, whereas no effects were observed in MICAL2-knocked down cells. Aside from the interesting biological activities, this work provides the first structure-activity relationships (SARs) of CCG-1423 (1), thus providing precious information for the discovery of new MICAL2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Barravecchia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Camilla Russo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Francesca Scebba
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Chiara De Cesari
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Valerio Mignucci
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Davide De Luca
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Silvia Salerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Valeria La Pietra
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Sveva Pelliccia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Greta Donati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Debora Angeloni
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
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Grafakou ME, Barda C, Pintać D, Lesjak M, Heilmann J, Skaltsa H. Prenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum jovis with Anti-inflammatory Potential. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:1184-1191. [PMID: 34388832 DOI: 10.1055/a-1556-9721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen prenylated acylphloroglucinols (1: -13: ), including 2 previously undescribed compounds (1: ) and (2: ), were isolated from Hypericum jovis. Their structures were elucidated by high-field NMR spectroscopy. The isolated prenylated acylphloroglucinols were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects in vitro through the reduction of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression induced by TNF-α in the human microvascular endothelial cells 1 cell line. Compounds 3, 5, 6, 8,: and 12: significantly reduced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 16.9, 34.4, 4.0, 3.2, and 7.7 µM, respectively. In addition, compound 12: showed notable inhibitory activity on the formation of cyclooxygenase-1- and 12-lipoxygenase-derived inflammatory mediators in an ex vivo cyclooxygenase-lipoxygenase assay. Eleven further constituents were isolated (14: -24: ), including the rare quercetin 3-O-(2-O-acetyl)-arabinofuranoside (18: ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Eleni Grafakou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Barda
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Diandra Pintać
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija Lesjak
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Max J, Heilmann J. Homoadamantane and Adamantane Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum hirsutum. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:1167-1183. [PMID: 34598288 DOI: 10.1055/a-1617-7573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
1H NMR-guided fractionation of the petroleum ether extract of the aerial parts from Hypericum hirsutum yielded to the isolation of 19 polyprenylated polycyclic acylphloroglucinols. Structure elucidation based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy together with high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy revealed 14 acylphloroglucinols with a homoadamantane scaffold (1: -14: ), while 5 further compounds showed an adamantane skeleton (15: -19: ). Except for hookerione C (15: ), all isolated metabolites are hitherto unknown. While structurally-related metabolites have been isolated from other Hypericum species, it is the first report of admantan and homoadamantan type acylphloroglucinols in section Taeniocarpium Jaub. & Spach (Hypericaceae). The isolated compounds have been tested in a crystal violet-based in vitro assay on their properties to reduce the proliferation of human microvascular endothelial cells compared to hyperforin as the positive control. They showed a moderate reduction of proliferation with IC50 values in the range ~ 3 - 22 µM, with the homoadamantane-based compounds 2: and 4: being the most active. In addition, inhibition of the TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression was determined for 1: - 5, 7,: and 10: - 12: . Substances 3: and 12: reduced the ICAM-1 expression significantly (to 46.7% of control for 3: , 62.3% for 12,: at 50 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna Max
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Regensburg, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Regensburg, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Regensburg, Germany
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44
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Leishmania Promastigotes Enhance Neutrophil Recruitment through the Production of CXCL8 by Endothelial Cells. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111380. [PMID: 34832536 PMCID: PMC8623338 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells represent one of the first cell types encountered by Leishmania promastigotes when inoculated into the skin of the human hosts by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. However, little is known on their role in the early recruitment of phagocytic cells and in the establishment of the infection. Initially, neutrophils, rapidly recruited to the site of promastigotes deposition, phagocytize Leishmania promastigotes, which elude the killing mechanisms of the host cells, survive, and infect other phagocytic cells. Here, we show that Leishmania promastigotes co-incubated with HMEC-1, a microvascular endothelial cell line, exhibited significant morphological changes and loss of infectivity. Moreover, promastigotes of different Leishmania species stimulated the production of CXCL8 by HMEC-1 in a dose- and TLR4-dependent manner. Interestingly, we observed that the conditioned media from Leishmania-stimulated HMEC-1 cells attracted leukocytes, mostly neutrophils, after 2 h of incubation. After 24 h, a higher percentage of monocytes was detected in conditioned media of unstimulated HMEC-1 cells, whereas neutrophils still predominated in conditioned medium from Leishmania-stimulated cells. The same supernatants did not contain CCL5, a chemokine recruiting T cells and monocytes. On the contrary, inhibition of the production of CCL5 induced by TNF-α was seen. These data indicate that the interaction of Leishmania promastigotes with endothelial cells leads to the production of chemokines and the recruitment of neutrophils, which contribute to the establishment of Leishmania infection.
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Grafakou ME, Barda C, Karikas GA, Heilmann J, Skaltsa H. Cajamolides A-N: Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactones from Calea jamaicensis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105351. [PMID: 34583199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the search for bioactive compounds from natural sources against cancer and inflammation, Calea jamaicensis (L.) L., a plant endemic to Panama, was investigated. Using multiple chromatographic steps, seventeen sesquiterpene lactones together with nine chromene derivatives were isolated from the non-polar extract of the plant. Among them, fourteen sesquiterpene lactones and three chromanes are described herein for the first time. Structure elucidation was achieved by extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with reported data. The isolated sesquiterpene lactones were tested against HeLa, SK-MEL-28 and HePG2 cancerous cell lines for their cytotoxic effects, as well as in the ICAM-1 assay for their anti-inflammatory potential. This study revealed strong cytotoxic agents on the one hand and strong inhibitors on the other. The compounds inhibited the TNF-α induced ICAM-1 expression on the endothelial HMEC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner and with no toxicity observed on this non-cancerous cell line. In addition to the well-known cytotoxic activities of sesquiterpene lactones, further exploration may offer a novel therapeutic approach to cope with inflammatory diseases and the genus Calea may serve as a biobank for the isolation of potential phytopharmaceuticals, which could be utilized as leads in drug discovery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Eleni Grafakou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Christina Barda
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
| | - George A Karikas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece.
| | - Joerg Heilmann
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
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Santiago FS, Li Y, Khachigian LM. Serine 26 in Early Growth Response-1 Is Critical for Endothelial Proliferation, Migration, and Network Formation. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020521. [PMID: 34476983 PMCID: PMC8649526 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and network formation are key proangiogenic processes involving the prototypic immediate early gene product, Egr‐1 (early growth response‐1). Egr‐1 undergoes phosphorylation at a conserved Ser26 but its function is completely unknown in endothelial cells or any other cell type. Methods and Results A CRISPR/Cas9 strategy was used to introduce a homozygous Ser26>Ala mutation into endogenous Egr‐1 in human microvascular endothelial cells. In the course of generating mutant cells, we produced cells with homozygous deletion in Egr‐1 caused by frameshift and premature termination. We found that Ser26 mutation in Egr‐1, or Egr‐1 deletion, perturbed endothelial cell proliferation in models of cell counting or real‐time growth using the xCELLigence System. We found that Ser26 mutation or Egr‐1 deletion ameliorated endothelial cell migration toward VEGF‐A165 (vascular endothelial growth factor‐A) in a dual‐chamber model. On solubilized basement membrane preparations, Ser26 mutation or Egr‐1 deletion prevented endothelial network (or tubule) formation, an in vitro model of angiogenesis. Flow cytometry further revealed that Ser26 mutation or Egr‐1 deletion elevated early and late apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrated that Ser26 mutation or Egr‐1 deletion increased VE‐cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin) expression, a regulator of endothelial adhesion and signaling, permeability, and angiogenesis. Conclusions These findings not only indicate that Egr‐1 is essential for endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and network formation, but also show that point mutation in Ser26 is sufficient to impair each of these processes and trigger apoptosis as effectively as the absence of Egr‐1. This highlights the importance of Ser26 in Egr‐1 for a range of proangiogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando S Santiago
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research School of Medical Sciences UNSW Medicine and HealthUniversity of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Yue Li
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research School of Medical Sciences UNSW Medicine and HealthUniversity of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Levon M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research School of Medical Sciences UNSW Medicine and HealthUniversity of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
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Khan S, Chavez J, Zhu X, Chiu NHL, Zhang W, Yin Z, Han J, Yang J, Sigler R, Tian S, Zhu H, Li Y, Wei J, Yi X, Jia Z. Carbon Nanodots Inhibit Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein-Induced Injury and Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells Through Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1654-1667. [PMID: 34544542 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is a known biomarker of inflammation and atherosclerosis, a leading cause of death worldwide. As a new class of nanomaterials, carbon nanodots (CNDs) are widely used in bioimaging, diagnostics, and drug delivery. However, there is no current report on how these CNDs affect the cardiovascular system, particularly their potential in mediating endothelial inflammatory dysfunction. This study examined effects of CNDs on Ox-LDL-mediated endothelial dysfunction. CNDs significantly inhibited Ox-LDL-mediated adhesion of monocytes to human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). CNDs significantly inhibited Ox-LDL-mediated adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells, which is an essential step in the development of atherosclerosis. Further, CNDs significantly inhibited OxLDL-induced expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), a vital cytokine on monocyte adhesion to the endothelial cells. These results demonstrate CNDs possess anti-inflammatory properties. CNDs also protect cells against Ox-LDL-induced cytotoxicity. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy studies demonstrated direct reactive oxygen species-scavenging by CNDs. This result indicates that the anti-inflammatory properties of CNDs are most likely due to their direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Animal studies involving mice did not show any morphological or physical changes between the CNDs and control groups. Our study provides evidence of potential of CNDs in reducing Ox-LDL-mediated inflammation and cytotoxicity in HMEC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safeera Khan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Jessica Chavez
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Norman H L Chiu
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Wendi Zhang
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Ziyu Yin
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Jian Han
- Department of Biology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Jibin Yang
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48105 Michigan, USA
| | - Robert Sigler
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, 48105 Michigan, USA
| | - Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Yunbo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Campbell University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Jianjun Wei
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
| | - Xianwen Yi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
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48
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Milenkovic D, Ruskovska T, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Heiss C. Polyphenols Could Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Modulating the Expression of miRNAs in the Host Cells. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1169-1182. [PMID: 34341700 PMCID: PMC8279534 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are single-stranded RNA viruses which following virus attachment and entry into the host cell, particularly type 2 pneumocytes but also endothelial cells, release RNA into cytosol where it serves as a matrix for the host translation machinery to produce viral proteins. The viral RNA in cytoplasm can interact with host cell microRNAs which can degrade viral RNA and/or prevent viral replication. As such host cellular miRNAs represent key cellular mediators of antiviral defense. Polyphenols, plant food bioactives, exert antiviral properties, which is partially due to their capacity to modulate the expression of miRNAs. The objective of this work was to assess if polyphenols can play a role in prevention of SARS-CoV-2 associated complications by modulating the expression of host miRNAs. To test this hypothesis, we performed literature search to identify miRNAs that could bind SARS-CoV-2 RNA as well as miRNAs which expression can be modulated by polyphenols in lung, type 2 pneumocytes or endothelial cells. We identified over 600 miRNAs that have capacity to bind viral RNA and 125 miRNAs which expression can be modulated by polyphenols in the cells of interest. We identified that there are 17 miRNAs with both the capacity to bind viral RNA and which expression can be modulated by polyphenols. Some of these miRNAs have been identified as having antiviral properties or can target genes involved in regulation of processes of viral replication, apoptosis or viral infection. Taken together this analysis suggests that polyphenols could modulate expression of miRNAs in alveolar and endothelial cells and exert antiviral capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Milenkovic
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Tatjana Ruskovska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Goce Delcev University, Stip, North Macedonia.
| | | | - Christian Heiss
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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49
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Krishnathas GM, Strödke B, Mittmann L, Zech T, Berger LM, Reichel CA, Rösser S, Schmid T, Knapp S, Müller S, Bracher F, Fürst R, Bischoff-Kont I. C81-evoked inhibition of the TNFR1-NFκB pathway during inflammatory processes for stabilization of the impaired vascular endothelial barrier for leukocytes. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21656. [PMID: 34042211 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100037r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation-related diseases are characterized by persistent leukocyte infiltration into the underlying tissue. The vascular endothelium plays a major role in this pathophysiological condition. Only few therapeutic strategies focus on the vascular endothelium as a major target for an anti-inflammatory approach. In this study, we present the natural compound-derived carbazole derivative C81 as chemical modulator interfering with leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. An in vivo assay employing intravital microscopy to monitor leukocyte trafficking after C81 treatment in postcapillary venules of a murine cremaster muscle was performed. Moreover, in vitro assays using HUVECs and monocytes were implemented. The impact of C81 on cell adhesion molecules and the NFκB signaling cascade was analyzed in vitro in endothelial cells. Effects of C81 on protein translation were determined by incorporation of a puromycin analog-based approach and polysome profiling. We found that C81 significantly reduced TNF-activated leukocyte trafficking in postcapillary venules. Similar results were obtained in vitro when C81 reduced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions by down-regulating cell adhesion molecules. Focusing on the NFκB signaling cascade, we found that C81 reduced the activation on multiple levels of the cascade through promoted IκBα recovery by attenuation of IκBα ubiquitination and through reduced protein levels of TNFR1 caused by protein translation inhibition. We suggest that C81 might represent a promising lead compound for interfering with inflammation-related processes in endothelial cells by down-regulation of IκBα ubiquitination on the one hand and inhibition of translation on the other hand without exerting cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Strödke
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Mittmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Zech
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Lena M Berger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Rösser
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Iris Bischoff-Kont
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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50
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Frenkel N, Poghosyan S, Alarcón CR, García SB, Queiroz K, van den Bent L, Laoukili J, Rinkes IB, Vulto P, Kranenburg O, Hagendoorn J. Long-Lived Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells to Study Lymphatic Biology and Lymphatic Vessel/Tumor Coculture in a 3D Microfluidic Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3030-3042. [PMID: 34185991 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is essential in maintaining tissue fluid homeostasis as well as antigen and immune cell transport to lymph nodes. Moreover, lymphatic vasculature plays an important role in various pathological processes, such as cancer. Fundamental to this research field are representative in vitro models. Here we present a microfluidic lymphatic vessel model to study lymphangiogenesis and its interaction with colon cancer organoids using a newly developed lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) line. We generated immortalized human LECs by lentiviral transduction of human telomerase (hTERT) and BMI-1 expression cassettes into primary LECs. Immortalized LECs showed an increased growth potential, reduced senescence, and elongated lifespan with maintenance of typical LEC morphology and marker expression for over 12 months while remaining nontransformed. Immortalized LECs were introduced in a microfluidic chip, comprising a free-standing extracellular matrix, where they formed a perfusable vessel-like structure against the extracellular matrix. A gradient of lymphangiogenic factors over the extracellular matrix gel induced the formation of luminated sprouts. Adding mouse colon cancer organoids adjacent to the lymphatic vessel resulted in a stable long-lived coculture model in which cancer cell-induced lymphangiogenesis and cancer cell motility can be investigated. Thus, the development of a stable immortalized lymphatic endothelial cell line in a membrane-free, perfused microfluidic chip yields a highly standardized lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel-tumor cell coculture assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Frenkel
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Susanna Poghosyan
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Rubio Alarcón
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Lotte van den Bent
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jamila Laoukili
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Inne Borel Rinkes
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Vulto
- Mimetas BV, JH Oortweg 19, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Onno Kranenburg
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hagendoorn
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
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