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Zhou D, Wang W, Gu L, Han M, Hao W, Huang J, Lin Q, Wang Y. Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance profile in Chinese children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and a literature review for developing personalized eradicating strategies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1392787. [PMID: 38887553 PMCID: PMC11180794 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1392787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori) infections typically occur in early childhood. Although the prevalence of H. pylori in children is lower than that in adults, the eradication rate of this infection in children is relatively low because of resistance. In this study, we analyzed personalized treatment strategies to achieve treatment goals based on H. pylori resistance characteristics. This retrospective single-center study was conducted between January 2019 and December 2022 and enrolled 1,587 children who presented with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and underwent endoscopy. H. pylori culturing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed. Results: Culture-positive results for H. pylori were obtained in 535 children. The resistance rates to clarithromycin (CLA), metronidazole (MET), and levofloxacin (LEV) were 39.8%, 78.1%, and 20.2%, respectively. None of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline (TET), amoxicillin (AMO), or furazolidone (FZD). Double resistance rates to CLA + MET, CLA + LEV, and MET + LEV were 19.1%, 3.0%, and 5.8%, respectively. Notably, triple-resistant to CLA + MET + LEV was 9.7%. Based on susceptibility tests, individualized triple therapy [proton pump inhibitor (PPI) +AMO + CLA/MET] was selected for 380 children with H. pylori sensitive to MET and/or CLA. In 155 children resistant to CLA and MET, bismuth-based quadruple therapy was recommended; for unable to receive bismuth, concomitant therapy was recommended for 14 children (<8 years of age); triple therapy with TET was recommended for 141 children (>8 years of age), with 43 children (>14 years of age) requiring FZD rather than TET. Conclusion: Resistance to H. pylori in Chinese children was relatively poor. Personalized therapy regimens should be based on susceptibility tests and avoided factors associated with treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wuyu Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lan Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meiling Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wujuan Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junfeng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University, Wuxi, China
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Morales N, Valdés-Muñoz E, González J, Valenzuela-Hormazábal P, Palma JM, Galarza C, Catagua-González Á, Yáñez O, Pereira A, Bustos D. Machine Learning-Driven Classification of Urease Inhibitors Leveraging Physicochemical Properties as Effective Filter Criteria. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4303. [PMID: 38673888 PMCID: PMC11049951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Urease, a pivotal enzyme in nitrogen metabolism, plays a crucial role in various microorganisms, including the pathogenic Helicobacter pylori. Inhibiting urease activity offers a promising approach to combating infections and associated ailments, such as chronic kidney diseases and gastric cancer. However, identifying potent urease inhibitors remains challenging due to resistance issues that hinder traditional approaches. Recently, machine learning (ML)-based models have demonstrated the ability to predict the bioactivity of molecules rapidly and effectively. In this study, we present ML models designed to predict urease inhibitors by leveraging essential physicochemical properties. The methodological approach involved constructing a dataset of urease inhibitors through an extensive literature search. Subsequently, these inhibitors were characterized based on physicochemical properties calculations. An exploratory data analysis was then conducted to identify and analyze critical features. Ultimately, 252 classification models were trained, utilizing a combination of seven ML algorithms, three attribute selection methods, and six different strategies for categorizing inhibitory activity. The investigation unveiled discernible trends distinguishing urease inhibitors from non-inhibitors. This differentiation enabled the identification of essential features that are crucial for precise classification. Through a comprehensive comparison of ML algorithms, tree-based methods like random forest, decision tree, and XGBoost exhibited superior performance. Additionally, incorporating the "chemical family type" attribute significantly enhanced model accuracy. Strategies involving a gray-zone categorization demonstrated marked improvements in predictive precision. This research underscores the transformative potential of ML in predicting urease inhibitors. The meticulous methodology outlined herein offers actionable insights for developing robust predictive models within biochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Morales
- Magíster en Ciencias de la Computación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile; (N.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Elizabeth Valdés-Muñoz
- Doctorado en Biotecnología Traslacional, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile;
| | - Jaime González
- Magíster en Ciencias de la Computación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile; (N.M.); (J.G.)
| | - Paulina Valenzuela-Hormazábal
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Jonathan M. Palma
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Curicó 3344158, Chile;
| | - Christian Galarza
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil EC090903, Ecuador; (C.G.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - Ángel Catagua-González
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil EC090903, Ecuador; (C.G.); (Á.C.-G.)
| | - Osvaldo Yáñez
- Núcleo de Investigación en Data Science, Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500000, Chile;
| | - Alfredo Pereira
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago 8420524, Chile
| | - Daniel Bustos
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Química Computacional, Departamento de Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480094, Chile
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Li G, Liu X, Miao Z, Fu J, Zheng X. Purification, identification and molecular docking of dual-functional peptides derived from corn protein hydrolysates with antioxidant and antiadhesive activity against Helicobacter pylori. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3676-3684. [PMID: 38158779 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 50% of the world's population is infected with Helicobacter pylori, which is classified as a group I carcinogen by the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS Corn protein dual-functional peptides were identified and functionally analyzed in vitro and in silico. Two novel dual-functional peptides were identified as Cys-Gln-Asp-Val-Pro-Leu-Leu (CQDVPLL, CQ7) and Thr-Ile-Phe-Pro-Gln-Cys (TIFPQC, TI6) using nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS). The antiadhesive effects against H. pylori of CQ7 and TI6 were 45.17 ± 2.41% and 48.62 ± 1.84% at 4 mg mL-1 , respectively. In silico prediction showed that CQ7 and TI6 had good physicochemical properties. Molecular docking demonstrated that CQ7 and TI6 could bind to the adhesins BabA and SabA by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds, preventing H. pylori infection. Moreover, CQ7 showed strong antioxidant activity due to its unique amino acid composition. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that the identified peptides, CQ7 and TI6, possess antioxidant and antiadhesive effects, preventing H. pylori infection and alleviating oxidative injury to the gastric mucosa. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlong Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Techology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Techology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Zhengfei Miao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Techology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Jinshuang Fu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Techology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Xiqun Zheng
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, PR China
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Xiao QY, Wang RL, Wu HJ, Kuang WB, Meng WW, Cheng Z. Effect of Helicobacter Pylori Infection on Glucose Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism and Inflammatory Cytokines in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1127-1135. [PMID: 38500481 PMCID: PMC10946400 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s453429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To probe into the influence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory cytokines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (MASLD). Methods A total of 140 MASLD patients admitted to our Hospital between June 2020 and May 2021 were selected as the research objects. Based on the presence or absence of Hp infection, they were divided into the study group (73 cases with infection) and control group (67 cases without infection). Glucose metabolism indicators [fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc)], lipid metabolism indicators [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], and inflammatory indicators [interleukin-37 (IL-37), interleukin-18 (IL-18)] were measured and compared between the two groups. Results In terms of glucose metabolism indicators, the study group exhibited higher levels of FBG (5.84±0.49 vs 5.40±0.51, t=2.535, P=0.012), 2hPG (7.26±1.30 vs 6.50±1.53, t=3.321, P<0.001), and FINS (11.13±4.13 vs 9.12±3.72, t=3.224, P<0.001), and Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (2.97±0.35 VS 2.13±0.54, t=3.761, P<0.001) and a lower level of HbAlc (5.25±0.56 vs 6.12±0.57, t=5.473, P<0.001) compared to the control group. Regarding lipid metabolism indicators, the study group exhibited higher levels of TC (5.64±1.49 vs 5.01±1.32, t=3.332, P<0.001), TG (1.89±0.34 vs 1.32±0.43, t=3.411, P<0.001), and LDL-C (3.31±0.43 vs 2.12±0.29, t=4.142, P<0.001), and a lower level of HDL-C (1.45±0.21 vs 1.78±0.42, t=4.347, P<0.001) compared to the control group. As for the inflammatory indicators, the study group exhibited higher levels of IL-37 (45.56±6.02 vs 34.02±3.28, t=9.332, P<0.001) and IL-18 (73.57±5.82 vs 60.34±4.84, t=10.141, P<0.001) compared to the control group. Conclusion It is crucial to place appropriate emphasis on the impact of Hp infection on the glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory response in MASLD patients, warranting careful consideration during the treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yu Xiao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Ren-Ling Wang
- Department of Oncology, Kaiping Central Hospital, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, 529399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Jun Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Wen-Bin Kuang
- Department of Laboratory, Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Meng
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Guantian Community Healthcare Center, Shenzhen Baoan Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, 518100, People’s Republic of China
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Liu M, Gao H, Miao J, Zhang Z, Zheng L, Li F, Zhou S, Zhang Z, Li S, Liu H, Sun J. Helicobacter pylori infection in humans and phytotherapy, probiotics, and emerging therapeutic interventions: a review. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1330029. [PMID: 38268702 PMCID: PMC10806011 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1330029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains high, indicating a persistent presence of this pathogenic bacterium capable of infecting humans. This review summarizes the population demographics, transmission routes, as well as conventional and novel therapeutic approaches for H. pylori infection. The prevalence of H. pylori infection exceeds 30% in numerous countries worldwide and can be transmitted through interpersonal and zoonotic routes. Cytotoxin-related gene A (CagA) and vacuolar cytotoxin A (VacA) are the main virulence factors of H. pylori, contributing to its steep global infection rate. Preventative measures should be taken from people's living habits and dietary factors to reduce H. pylori infection. Phytotherapy, probiotics therapies and some emerging therapies have emerged as alternative treatments for H. pylori infection, addressing the issue of elevated antibiotic resistance rates. Plant extracts primarily target urease activity and adhesion activity to treat H. pylori, while probiotics prevent H. pylori infection through both immune and non-immune pathways. In the future, the primary research focus will be on combining multiple treatment methods to effectively eradicate H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinlai Miao
- First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lili Zheng
- National Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Electrical Vehicle Power System (Qingdao), College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sen Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiran Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - He Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Garcia-Ibañez P, Silvan JM, Moreno DA, Carvajal M, Martinez-Rodriguez AJ. Influence of Source Materials, Concentration, Gastric Digestion, and Encapsulation on the Bioactive Response of Brassicaceae-Derived Samples against Helicobacter pylori. Microorganisms 2023; 12:77. [PMID: 38257906 PMCID: PMC10820487 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Isothiocyanates may have antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, but there are different variables related to Brassicaceae-derived samples that could affect their efficacy. This work studied the influence of source variety, concentration, gastric digestion, and encapsulation of samples on their bioactive response against Helicobacter pylori. The antibacterial activity of raw sprouts (red cabbage and red radish) showed the highest antibacterial effect, which was consistent with a higher amount of isothiocyanates. It decreased with gastric digestion, regardless of sample encapsulation. By contrast, adult red radish leaves became antibacterial after gastric digestion. Antioxidant activity on H. pylori-infected gastric cells was similar in all samples and followed an equivalent pattern with the changes in isothiocyanates. Raw samples decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species production, but they lost this capacity after gastric digestion, regardless whether the compounds were free or encapsulated. Red cabbage sprouts, red radish sprouts, and red radish roots produced a decrease in nitric oxide production. It was consistent with a modulation of the inflammatory response and was associated to isothiocyanates concentration. Encapsulated sprout samples retained part of their anti-inflammatory activity after gastric digestion. Adult raw red radish leaves were not active, but after digestion, they became anti-inflammatory. The results obtained in this study have shown that several variables could have a significant impact on the bioactive properties of Brassicaceae-derived samples against H. pylori, providing a starting point for the design and standardization of samples with specific bioactivities (antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory) potentially useful for the treatment of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Garcia-Ibañez
- Grupo de Aquaporinas, Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (P.G.-I.); (M.C.)
| | - Jose Manuel Silvan
- Grupo de Microbiología y Biocatálisis de Alimentos (MICROBIO), Departamento de Biotecnología y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego A. Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Grupo de Aquaporinas, Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Edificio 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (P.G.-I.); (M.C.)
| | - Adolfo J. Martinez-Rodriguez
- Grupo de Microbiología y Biocatálisis de Alimentos (MICROBIO), Departamento de Biotecnología y Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid), C/Nicolas Cabrera 9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Wang C, Yao M, Zhong H, Meena SS, Shu F, Nie S, Xie M. Natural foods resources and dietary ingredients for the amelioration of Helicobacter pylori infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1324473. [PMID: 38131043 PMCID: PMC10734694 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1324473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gastric-persistent pathogen that can cause peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This pathogen is commonly treated with antibiotic-based triple or quadruple therapy. However, antibiotic therapy could result in the bacterial resistance, imbalance of gut microbiota, and damage to the liver and kidneys, etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Interestingly, natural food resources, like vegetables, fruits, spices, and edible herbs, have potent inhibitory effects on H. pylori. In this review, we systematically summarized these foods with supporting evidence from both animal and clinical studies. The results have indicated that natural foods may possess temporary inhibition effect on H. pylori rather than durable eradication, and may help to reduce H. pylori colonization, enhance the effect of antibiotics and modulate the host's immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meixiang Yao
- Jiangzhong Dietary Therapy Technology Co. Ltd, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongguang Zhong
- Jiangzhong Dietary Therapy Technology Co. Ltd, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Stephene S. Meena
- Jiangzhong Cancer Research, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fuxing Shu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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8
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Yao G, Fan X, Lu D. Efficacy and safety of probiotic-supplemented bismuth quadruple therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231203841. [PMID: 37848344 PMCID: PMC10586011 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231203841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether the addition of probiotics to the bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) for Helicobacter pylori would improve the incidence of eradication and reduce that of side effects. METHODS Randomized controlled trials matching the inclusion criteria were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model was used to calculate pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidences of eradication rate, side effects as a whole, diarrhea, and other side effects. RESULTS Ten studies were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The pooled RRs for the eradication rates in intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses of the probiotic group vs. the control group were 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02-1.11) and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00-1.07), respectively. Probiotic supplementation reduced the incidences of side effects (RR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37-0.91), diarrhea (RR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25-0.67), and bitter taste (RR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40-0.99). CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis support the use of probiotics in combination with BQT in the clinical management of patients with H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyan Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dewen Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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9
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Li G, Liu X, Miao Z, Hu N, Zheng X. Preparation of Corn Peptides with Anti-Adhesive Activity and Its Functionality to Alleviate Gastric Injury Induced by Helicobacter pylori Infection In Vivo. Nutrients 2023; 15:3467. [PMID: 37571404 PMCID: PMC10421185 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 50% of the world population is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which is classified as group I carcinogen by the WHO. H. pylori surface adhesins specifically recognize gastric mucosal epithelial cells' (GES-1 cells) receptor to complete the adhesion. Blocking the adhesion with an anti-adhesion compound is an effective way to prevent H. pylori infection. The present study found that corn protein hydrolysate, hydrolyzed by Neutral, effectively alleviated gastric injury induced by H. pylori infection through anti-adhesive and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. The hydrolysate inhibited H. pylori adhesion to GES-1 cells significantly, and its anti-adhesive activity was 50.44 ± 0.27% at 4 mg/mL, which indicated that the hydrolysate possessed a similar structure to the GES-1 cells' receptor, and exhibited anti-adhesive activity in binding to H. pylori. In vivo, compared with the H. pylori infection model group, the medium and high dose of the hydrolysate (400-600 mg/kg·bw) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the amount of H. pylori colonization, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and MPO), chemokines (KC and MCP-1) as well as key metabolites of NF-κB signaling pathway levels (TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB), and it increased antioxidant enzyme contents (SOD and GSH-Px) and the mitigation of H. pylori-induced pathological changes in the gastric mucosa. Taken together, these results indicated that the hydrolysate intervention can prevent H. pylori-induced gastric injury by anti-adhesive activity and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway's induction of inflammation. Hence, the corn protein hydrolysate might act as a potential anti-adhesive agent to prevent H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlong Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Technology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (G.L.); (Z.M.); (N.H.)
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China;
| | - Xiaolan Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Technology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (G.L.); (Z.M.); (N.H.)
| | - Zhengfei Miao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Technology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (G.L.); (Z.M.); (N.H.)
| | - Nan Hu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Corn Deep Processing Theory and Technology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China; (G.L.); (Z.M.); (N.H.)
| | - Xiqun Zheng
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China;
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Xiong RG, Li J, Cheng J, Zhou DD, Wu SX, Huang SY, Saimaiti A, Yang ZJ, Gan RY, Li HB. The Role of Gut Microbiota in Anxiety, Depression, and Other Mental Disorders as Well as the Protective Effects of Dietary Components. Nutrients 2023; 15:3258. [PMID: 37513676 PMCID: PMC10384867 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of individuals experiencing mental disorders (e.g., anxiety and depression) has significantly risen in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to seek prevention and treatment strategies for mental disorders. Several gut microbiota, especially Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, are demonstrated to affect mental health through microbiota-gut-brain axis, and the gut microbiota dysbiosis can be related to mental disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and other mental disorders. On the other hand, dietary components, including probiotics (e.g., Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium), prebiotics (e.g., dietary fiber and alpha-lactalbumin), synbiotics, postbiotics (e.g., short-chain fatty acids), dairy products, spices (e.g., Zanthoxylum bungeanum, curcumin, and capsaicin), fruits, vegetables, medicinal herbs, and so on, could exert protective effects against mental disorders by enhancing beneficial gut microbiota while suppressing harmful ones. In this paper, the mental disorder-associated gut microbiota are summarized. In addition, the protective effects of dietary components on mental health through targeting the gut microbiota are discussed. This paper can be helpful to develop some dietary natural products into pharmaceuticals and functional foods to prevent and treat mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Gu Xiong
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Jin Cheng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Si-Xia Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Adila Saimaiti
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Jun Yang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.-G.X.); (J.C.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (Z.-J.Y.)
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11
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Helicobacter pylori Infection: Current Status and Future Prospects on Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Control Challenges. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020191. [PMID: 36830102 PMCID: PMC9952126 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, which affects approximately half of the world's population, remains a serious public health problem. As H. pylori infection leads to a number of gastric pathologies, including inflammation, gastroduodenal ulcers, and malignancies, early detection and treatment are crucial to preventing the spread of the infection. Multiple extragastric complications, such as iron deficiency anaemia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, vitamin B12 deficiency, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and certain neurological disorders, have also been linked to H. pylori infection. An awareness of H. pylori and associated health hazards is necessary to minimize or even eradicate the infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need to raise the standards for the currently employed diagnostic, eradication, alternative treatment strategies. In addition, a brief overview of traditional and cutting-edge approaches that have proven effective in identifying and managing H. pylori is needed. Based on the test and laboratory equipment available and patient clinical characteristics, the optimal diagnostic approach requires weighing several factors. The pathophysiology and pathogenic mechanisms of H. pylori should also be studied, focusing more on the infection-causing virulence factors of this bacterium. Accordingly, this review aims to demonstrate the various diagnostic, pathophysiological, therapeutic, and eradication tactics available for H. pylori, emphasizing both their advantages and disadvantages. Invasive methods (such as quick urease testing, biopsy, or culture) or noninvasive methods (such as breath tests, stool investigations, or serological tests) can be used. We also present the most recent worldwide recommendations along with scientific evidence for treating H. pylori. In addition to the current antibiotic regimens, alternative therapies may also be considered. It is imperative to eradicate the infections caused by H. pylori as soon as possible to prevent problems and the development of stomach cancer. In conclusion, significant advances have been made in identifying and treating H. pylori. To improve eradication rates, peptide mass fingerprinting can be used as a diagnostic tool, and vaccines can also eliminate the infection.
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12
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Protective Effect of Foxtail Millet Protein Hydrolysate on Ethanol and Pyloric Ligation-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122459. [PMID: 36552666 PMCID: PMC9774519 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxtail millet has been traditionally considered to possess gastroprotective effects, but studies evaluating its use as a treatment for gastric ulcers are lacking. Here, we assessed the antiulcer effects of foxtail millet protein hydrolysate (FPH) and explored its mechanism by using blocking agents. In a mouse model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers, pretreatment with FPH reduced the ulcerative lesion index, downregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the gastric tissue, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and improved the oxidative status. FPH increased constitutive the activity of nitric oxide synthase (cNOS), NO levels, and mucin expression in gastric mucosa, and inhibited the activation of the ET-1/PI3K/Akt pathway. In a mouse model of pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcers, FPH inhibited gastric acid secretion and decreased the activity of gastric protease. Pretreatment of mice with the sulfhydryl blocker NEM and the NO synthesis inhibitor L-NAME abolished the gastroprotective effect of FPH, but not the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide and the PGE2 synthesis blocker indomethacin. Among the peptides identified in FPH, 10 peptides were predicted to have regulatory effects on the gastric mucosa, and the key sequences were GP and PG. The results confirmed the gastroprotective effect of FPH and revealed that its mechanism was through the regulation of gastric mucosal mucus and NO synthesis. This study supports the health effects of a millet-enriched diet and provides a basis for millet protein as a functional food to improve gastric ulcers and its related oxidative stress.
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13
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Patrad E, Khalighfard S, Amiriani T, Khori V, Alizadeh AM. Molecular mechanisms underlying the action of carcinogens in gastric cancer with a glimpse into targeted therapy. Cell Oncol 2022; 45:1073-1117. [PMID: 36149600 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer imposes a substantial global health burden despite its overall incidence decrease. A broad spectrum of inherited, environmental and infectious factors contributes to the development of gastric cancer. A profound understanding of the molecular underpinnings of gastric cancer has lagged compared to several other tumors with similar incidence and morbidity rates, owing to our limited knowledge of the role of carcinogens in this malignancy. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified gastric carcinogenic agents into four groups based on scientific evidence from human and experimental animal studies. This review aims to explore the potential comprehensive molecular and biological impacts of carcinogens on gastric cancer development and their interactions and interferences with various cellular signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we highlight recent clinical trial data reported in the literature dealing with different ways to target various carcinogens in gastric cancer. Moreover, we touch upon other multidisciplinary therapeutic approaches such as surgery, adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Rational clinical trials focusing on identifying suitable patient populations are imperative to the success of single-agent therapeutics. Novel insights regarding signaling pathways that regulate gastric cancer can potentially improve treatment responses to targeted therapy alone or in combination with other/conventional treatments. Preventive strategies such as control of H. pylori infection through eradication or immunization as well as dietary habit and lifestyle changes may reduce the incidence of this multifactorial disease, especially in high prevalence areas. Further in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the role of carcinogenic agents in gastric cancer development may offer valuable information and update state-of-the-art resources for physicians and researchers to explore novel ways to combat this disease, from bench to bedside. A schematic outlining of the interaction between gastric carcinogenic agents and intracellular pathways in gastric cancer H. pylori stimulates multiple intracellular pathways, including PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Wnt, Shh, Ras/Raf, c-MET, and JAK/STAT, leading to epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, survival, motility, and inflammatory cytokine release. EBV can stimulate intracellular pathways such as the PI3K/Akt, RAS/RAF, JAK/STAT, Notch, TGF-β, and NF-κB, leading to cell survival and motility, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and the transcription of anti-apoptotic genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nicotine and alcohol can lead to angiogenesis, metastasis, survival, proliferation, pro-inflammatory, migration, and chemotactic by stimulating various intracellular signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Ras/Raf, ROS, and JAK/STAT. Processed meat contains numerous carcinogenic compounds that affect multiple intracellular pathways such as sGC/cGMP, p38 MAPK, ERK, and PI3K/AKT, leading to anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, inflammatory responses, proliferation, and invasion. Lead compounds may interact with multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Ras/Raf, DNA methylation-dependent, and epigenetic-dependent, leading to tumorigenesis, carcinogenesis, malignancy, angiogenesis, DNA hypermethylation, cell survival, and cell proliferation. Stimulating signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, RAS/RAF, JAK/STAT, WNT, TGF-β, EGF, FGFR2, and E-cadherin through UV ionizing radiation leads to cell survival, proliferation, and immortalization in gastric cancer. The consequence of PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Ras/Raf, ROS, JAK/STAT, and WNT signaling stimulation by the carcinogenic component of Pickled vegetables and salted fish is the Warburg effect, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, proliferation, inflammatory response, and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Patrad
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Khalighfard
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Breast Disease Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Detection and Treatment of Helicobacter pylori: Problems and Advances. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2022; 2022:4710964. [PMID: 36317106 PMCID: PMC9617708 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4710964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is chronic and etiologically linked to gastric cancer (GC) derived from gastric epithelium. The potential mechanism is complex, covering chronic inflammation, epithelial senescence, NF-κB activation, the cytotoxin-associated gene A protein translocation, and related abnormal signaling pathways. In clinical practice, the test-and-treat strategy, endoscopy-based strategy, and (family-based) screen-and-treat strategy are recommended to detect H. pylori and prevent GC. It has been demonstrated that the decreasing annual incidence of GC is largely attributable to the management of H. pylori. This study reviews the current clinical practice of H. pylori on the detection and eradication, alternative treatment strategies, and related problems and advances, and hopes to contribute to the better clinical management of H. pylori.
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15
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Mohammadi A, Khanbabaei H, Zandi F, Ahmadi A, Haftcheshmeh SM, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A therapeutic strategy for targeting the Helicobacter pylori-related diseases. Microb Pathog 2022; 166:105552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Transcriptome Analysis of the Response of Mature Helicobacter pylori Biofilm to Different Doses of Lactobacillus salivarius LN12 with Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020262. [PMID: 35203863 PMCID: PMC8868532 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a gastrointestinal pathogen with a high infection rate. Probiotics are clinically used as an adjuvant to improve the cure rate and reduce the side effects of antibiotic treatment for H. pylori. This study is the first to explore the effects of a cell-free supernatant of high- or low-dose Lactobacillus salivarius LN12 combined with amoxicillin (AMX) and clarithromycin (CLR) on H. pylori 3192 biofilms in terms of the biofilm biomass, survival rates, biofilm structure, and transcriptome. The results showed that the combination of the CFS of high-dose LN12 with AMX and CLR had stronger effects on the biofilm biomass, survival rate, and structure of H. pylori 3192 biofilms. H. pylori 3192 biofilms may increase the expression of NADH-related genes and downregulate flagellar assembly and quorum sensing-related receptor genes to deal with the stronger stress effects of high-dose LN12 with AMX and CLR. In conclusion, the biofilm biomass, survival rate, structure, and transcriptome results showed that the combination of LN12 CFS with AMX and CLR had dose effects. We recommend that compared with low doses, high doses of L. salivarus LN12 combined with AMX and CLR may be more effective for H. pylori biofilm than low doses.
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17
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Widelski J, Okińczyc P, Paluch E, Mroczek T, Szperlik J, Żuk M, Sroka Z, Sakipova Z, Chinou I, Skalicka-Woźniak K, Malm A, Korona-Głowniak I. The Antimicrobial Properties of Poplar and Aspen–Poplar Propolises and Their Active Components against Selected Microorganisms, Including Helicobacter pylori. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020191. [PMID: 35215134 PMCID: PMC8875431 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a noticeable interest in alternative therapies where the outcome is the eradication of the Gram-negative bacterium, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), for the purpose of treating many stomach diseases (chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers) and preventing stomach cancer. It is especially urgent because the mentioned pathogen infects over 50% of the world’s population. Recent studies have shown the potential of natural products, such as medicinal plant and bee products, on the inhibition of H. pylori growth. Propolis is such a bee product, with known antimicrobial activities. The main scope of the study is the determination of the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from 11 propolis samples (mostly from Poland, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Greece) against H. pylori, as well as selected bacterial and yeast species. The most effective against H. pylori was the propolis from Ukraine, with an MIC = 0.02 mg/mL while the rest of samples (except one) had an MIC = 0.03 mg/mL. Moreover, significant antimicrobial activity against Gram+ bacteria (with an MIC of 0.02–2.50 mg/mL) and three yeasts (with an MIC of 0.04–0.63 mg/mL) was also observed. A phytochemical analysis (polyphenolic profile) of the propolis samples, by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS), was performed. An evaluation of the impact of the propolis components on antimicrobial activity, consisting of statistical analyses (principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical fuzzy clustering), was then performed. It was observed that the chemical composition characteristics of the poplar propolis correlated with higher antibacterial activity, while that of the poplar and aspen propolis correlated with weaker antibacterial activity. To summarize the activity in vitro, all tested propolis samples indicate that they can be regarded as useful and potent factors in antimicrobial therapies, especially against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Widelski
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (P.O.); Tel.: +48-81-448-70-86 (J.W.); +48-71-448-70-86 (P.O.)
| | - Piotr Okińczyc
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (P.O.); Tel.: +48-81-448-70-86 (J.W.); +48-71-448-70-86 (P.O.)
| | - Emil Paluch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 50-376 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Mroczek
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (T.M.); (K.S.-W.)
| | - Jakub Szperlik
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Botanical Garden, Laboratory of Tissue Culture, University of Wrocław, 50-525 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Żuk
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Wrocław University, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Sroka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Zuriyadda Sakipova
- School of Pharmacy, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Ioanna Chinou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (T.M.); (K.S.-W.)
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (I.K.-G.)
| | - Izabela Korona-Głowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (I.K.-G.)
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18
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Plant-Based Polyphenols: Anti-Helicobacter pylori Effect and Improvement of Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010109. [PMID: 35052613 PMCID: PMC8772845 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection affects more than half of the world’s population, and thus, about 10 to 20% of people with H. pylori suffer from peptic ulcers, which may ultimately lead to gastric cancer. The increase in antibiotic resistance and susceptibility has encouraged the search for new alternative therapies to eradicate this pathogen. Several plant species are essential sources of polyphenols, and these bioactive compounds have demonstrated health-promoting properties, such as the gut microbiota stimulation, inflammation reduction, and bactericidal effect. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the potential effect of plant-based polyphenols against H. pylori and their role in the gut microbiota improvement.
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19
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Biological Functions of Diallyl Disulfide, a Garlic-Derived Natural Organic Sulfur Compound. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5103626. [PMID: 34745287 PMCID: PMC8570849 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5103626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is widely accepted as a functional food and an excellent source of pharmacologically active ingredients. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major bioactive component of garlic, has several beneficial biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, and anticancer activities. This review systematically evaluated the biological functions of DADS and discussed the underlying molecular mechanisms of these functions. We hope that this review provides guidance and insight into the current literature and enables future research and the development of DADS for intervention and treatment of multiple diseases.
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20
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Khan S, Sharaf M, Ahmed I, Khan TU, Shabana S, Arif M, Kazmi SSUH, Liu C. Potential utility of nano-based treatment approaches to address the risk of Helicobacter pylori. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 20:407-424. [PMID: 34658307 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2022.1990041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has occupied a significant place among infectious pathogens and it has been documented as a leading challenge due to its higher resistance to the commonly used drugs, higher adaptability, and lower targeting specificity of the available drugs. AREAS COVERED New treatment strategies are urgently needed in order to improve the current advancement in modern medicine. Nanocarriers have gained an advantage of drug encapsulation and high retention time in the stomach with a prolonged drug release rate at the targeted site. This article aims to highlight the recent advances in nanotechnology with special emphasis on metallic, polymeric, lipid, membrane coated, and target-specific nanoparticles (NPs), as well as, natural products for treating H. pylori infection. We discussed a comprehensive approach to understand H. pylori infection and elicits to rethink about the increasing threat posed by H. pylori and its treatment strategies. EXPERT OPINION To address these issues, nanotechnology has got huge potential to combat H. pylori infection and has made great progress in the field of biomedicine. Moreover, combinatory studies of natural products and probiotics in conjugation with NPs have proven efficiency against H. pylori infection, with an advantage of lower cytotoxicity, minimal side effects, and stronger antibacterial potential.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Mohamed Sharaf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | | | | | - Samah Shabana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Chenguang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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21
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Sousa C, Ferreira R, Azevedo NF, Oleastro M, Azeredo J, Figueiredo C, Melo LDR. Helicobacter pylori infection: from standard to alternative treatment strategies. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 48:376-396. [PMID: 34569892 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1975643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the major component of the gastric microbiome of infected individuals and one of the aetiological factors of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The increasing resistance to antibiotics worldwide has made the treatment of H. pylori infection a challenge. As a way to overhaul the efficacy of currently used H. pylori antibiotic-based eradication therapies, alternative treatment strategies are being devised. These include probiotics and prebiotics as adjuvants in H. pylori treatment, antimicrobial peptides as alternatives to antibiotics, photodynamic therapy ingestible devices, microparticles and nanoparticles applied as drug delivery systems, vaccines, natural products, and phage therapy. This review provides an updated synopsis of these emerging H. pylori control strategies and discusses the advantages, hurdles, and challenges associated with their development and implementation. An effective human vaccine would be a major achievement although, until now, projects regarding vaccine development have failed or were discontinued. Numerous natural products have demonstrated anti-H. pylori activity, mostly in vitro, but further clinical studies are needed to fully disclose their role in H. pylori eradication. Finally, phage therapy has the potential to emerge as a valid alternative, but major challenges remain, namely the isolation of more H. pylori strictly virulent bacterio(phages).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rute Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno F Azevedo
- Faculty of Engineering, LEPABE - Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Oleastro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Azeredo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ceu Figueiredo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Ipatimup - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís D R Melo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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22
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Anti- Helicobacter pylori Activity of Artemisia ludoviciana subsp. mexicana and Two of Its Bioactive Components, Estafiatin and Eupatilin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123654. [PMID: 34203927 PMCID: PMC8232798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia ludoviciana subsp. mexicana has been traditionally used for the treatment of digestive ailments such as gastritis, whose main etiological agent is Helicobacter pylori. In a previous screening study, the aqueous extract exhibited a good in vitro anti-H. pylori activity. With the aim of determining the efficacy of this species as a treatment for H. pylori related diseases and finding bioactive compounds, its aqueous extract was subjected to solvent partitioning and the fractions obtained were tested for their in vitro anti-H. pylori effect, as well as for their in vivo gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. The aqueous extract showed a MIC = 250 µg/mL. No acute toxicity was induced in mice. A gastroprotection of 69.8 ± 3.8%, as well as anti-inflammatory effects of 47.6 ± 12.4% and 38.8 ± 10.2% (by oral and topical administration, respectively), were attained. Estafiatin and eupatilin were isolated and exhibited anti-H. pylori activity with MBCs of 15.6 and 31.2 µg/mL, respectively. The finding that A. ludoviciana aqueous extract has significant anti-H. pylori, gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities is a relevant contribution to the ethnopharmacological knowledge of this species. This work is the first report about the in vivo gastroprotective activity of A. ludoviciana and the anti-H. pylori activity of eupatilin and estafiatin.
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Ullah H, Di Minno A, Santarcangelo C, Khan H, Xiao J, Arciola CR, Daglia M. Vegetable Extracts and Nutrients Useful in the Recovery from Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Systematic Review on Clinical Trials. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082272. [PMID: 33919894 PMCID: PMC8070974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections affect almost half of the world’s population, with gradually increasing incidence in developed countries. Eradication of H. pylori may provide significant benefits to the affected individual by healing a number of gastrointestinal and extra-digestive disorders. But due to increased microbial resistance and lack of patient adherence to the therapy, the eradication rate of H. pylori is below 80% with current pharmacological therapies. The usage of botanicals for their therapeutic purposes and medicinal properties have been increased in last decades. They can be use as alternative H. pylori treatments, especially against drug-resistant strains. Epidemiological studies have revealed that people with lower vegetable and micronutrient intake may be at increased risk of H. pylori infection. We have undertaken a review of clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of vegetable extracts and micronutrients in patients with H. pylori. Various databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, were searched for the articles published in English. A total of 24 clinical studies (15 for vegetable extracts and 9 for micronutrients) were selected to be reviewed and summarized in this article. Vegetable extracts (Broccoli sprouts, curcumin, Burdock complex, and Nigella sativa) and micronutrients (vitamin C and E) were not found to be as effective as single agents in H. pylori eradication, rather their efficacy synergized with conventional pharmacological therapies. Conversely, GutGard was found to be significantly effective as a single agent when compared to placebo control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Santarcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; or
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specially Medicine, University of Bologna, via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
- Correspondence:
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Li HY, Gan RY, Shang A, Mao QQ, Sun QC, Wu DT, Geng F, He XQ, Li HB. Plant-Based Foods and Their Bioactive Compounds on Fatty Liver Disease: Effects, Mechanisms, and Clinical Application. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6621644. [PMID: 33728021 PMCID: PMC7939748 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6621644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD), including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), is a serious chronic metabolic disease that affects a wide range of people. Lipid accumulation accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver is the most important pathogenesis of FLD. The plant-based, high-fiber, and low-fat diet has been recommended to manage FLD for a long time. This review discusses the current state of the art into the effects, mechanisms, and clinical application of plant-based foods in NAFLD and AFLD, with highlighting related molecular mechanisms. Epidemiological evidence revealed that the consumption of several plant-based foods was beneficial to alleviating FLD. Further experimental studies found out that fruits, spices, teas, coffee, and other plants, as well as their bioactive compounds, such as resveratrol, anthocyanin, curcumin, and tea polyphenols, could alleviate FLD by ameliorating hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and apoptosis, as well as regulating autophagy and ethanol metabolism. More importantly, clinical trials confirmed the beneficial effects of plant-based foods on patients with fatty liver. However, several issues need to be further studied especially the safety and effective doses of plant-based foods and their bioactive compounds. Overall, certain plant-based foods are promising natural sources of bioactive compounds to prevent and alleviate fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Quan-Cai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Qin He
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Zhou DD, Luo M, Shang A, Mao QQ, Li BY, Gan RY, Li HB. Antioxidant Food Components for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Effects, Mechanisms, and Clinical Studies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6627355. [PMID: 33574978 PMCID: PMC7864729 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6627355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have gained increasing attention because of their high prevalence and mortality worldwide. Epidemiological studies revealed that intake of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and cereals could reduce the risk of CVDs, and their antioxidants are considered as the main contributors. Moreover, experimental studies showed that some antioxidant natural products and their bioactive compounds exerted beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, anthocyanins, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, rutin, and puerarin. The mechanisms of action mainly included reducing blood pressure, improving lipid profile, ameliorating oxidative stress, mitigating inflammation, and regulating gut microbiota. Furthermore, clinical trials confirmed the cardiovascular-protective effect of some antioxidant natural products, such as soursop, beetroot, garlic, almond, and green tea. In this review, we summarized the effects of some antioxidant natural products and their bioactive compounds on CVDs based on the epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies, with special attention paid to the relevant mechanisms and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Min Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bang-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Sisto F, Carradori S, Guglielmi P, Traversi CB, Spano M, Sobolev AP, Secci D, Di Marcantonio MC, Haloci E, Grande R, Mincione G. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Carvacrol-Based Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of H. pylori Strains and AGS Cell Proliferation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E405. [PMID: 33228095 PMCID: PMC7699384 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports on the synthesis, structural assessment, microbiological screening against several strains of H. pylori and antiproliferative activity against human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells of a large series of carvacrol-based compounds. Structural analyses consisted of elemental analysis, 1H/13C/19F NMR spectra and crystallographic studies. The structure-activity relationships evidenced that among ether derivatives the substitution with specific electron-withdrawing groups (CF3 and NO2) especially in the para position of the benzyl ring led to an improvement of the antimicrobial activity, whereas electron-donating groups on the benzyl ring and ethereal alkyl chains were not tolerated with respect to the parent compound (MIC/MBC = 64/64 µg/mL). Ester derivatives (coumarin-carvacrol hybrids) displayed a slight enhancement of the inhibitory activity up to MIC values of 8-16 µg/mL. The most interesting compounds exhibiting the lowest MIC/MBC activity against H. pylori (among others, compounds 16 and 39 endowed with MIC/MBC values ranging between 2/2 to 32/32 µg/mL against all the evaluated strains) were also assayed for their ability to reduce AGS cell growth with respect to 5-Fluorouracil. Some derivatives can be regarded as new lead compounds able to reduce H. pylori growth and to counteract the proliferation of AGS cells, both contributing to the occurrence of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sisto
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.B.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.G.); (M.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Carmen Beatrice Traversi
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.B.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Mattia Spano
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.G.); (M.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Anatoly P. Sobolev
- Institute for Biological Systems, “Annalaura Segre” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy;
| | - Daniela Secci
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.G.); (M.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Maria Carmela Di Marcantonio
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.C.D.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Entela Haloci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Medicine, Tirana, Rr. Dibres 369, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Rossella Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (C.B.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Gabriella Mincione
- Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.C.D.M.); (G.M.)
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27
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Oh JK, Amoranto MBC, Oh NS, Kim S, Lee JY, Oh YN, Shin YK, Yoon Y, Kang DK. Synergistic effect of Lactobacillus gasseri and Cudrania tricuspidata on the modulation of body weight and gut microbiota structure in diet-induced obese mice. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6273-6285. [PMID: 32394142 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10634-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity has been associated with alteration of gut microbiota alongside body weight gain. In this study, the synbiotic effect of Lactobacillus gasseri 505 (LG) and Cudrania tricuspidata (CT) in HFD-induced mice was revealed. After feeding mice with high-fat diet for 10 weeks, combination of LG and CT (LG_CT) exhibited the greatest reduction in the final body weight (11.9%). Moreover, microbial diversity significantly increased, and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed that the LG_CT group showed closer cluster to NORM. At phylum level, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio increased in HFD, and the abundance of Bacteroidetes was restored by LG and CT. At genus level, notable changes in Alistipes, Desulfovibrio, Bilophila, and Acetatifactor were observed. Helicobacter elevated to 16.2% in HFD and diminished dramatically to less than 0.01% in LG and/or CT. At species level, L. gasseri increased after the administration of LG (0.54%) and LG_CT (1.14%), suggesting that LG may grow and colonize in the gut and CT can function as a prebiotic. Finally, functional analysis revealed certain metabolic factors correlated with body weight and gut microbiota. This study serves as a potential basis for the application of L. gasseri 505 and C. tricuspidata in the prevention and treatment of diet-induced obesity.Key Points • Combination of L. gasseri (LG) and C. tricuspidata (CT) reduced body weight gain.• Microbial diversity significantly increased in LG_CT treatment.• Abundance of microorganisms involved with leanness increased in LG, CT, and LG_CT.• Body weight is associated with some metabolic functions of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Kyoung Oh
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Mia Beatriz C Amoranto
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Su Oh
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, 15407, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejeong Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, 15407, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Advanced Technology, CJ Cheiljedang Co., Suwon, 16495, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Na Oh
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kook Shin
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, 15407, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Yoon
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Ji J, Yang H. Using Probiotics as Supplementation for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1136. [PMID: 32046317 PMCID: PMC7037652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a well-known pathogen that is highly prevalent in the world population, and H. pylori infection is potentially hazardous to humans because of its relationship to various gastrointestinal diseases, such as gastric ulcers, chronic gastritis, and gastric carcinoma. Therefore, the clinical guidelines recommend taking antibiotic therapy to eradicate the pathogen, which usually leads to the desired therapeutic effect. However, some failure cases of this therapy indicate that the increasing antibiotic resistance and side effects may affect the therapeutic effect. Here we propose that using probiotics as supplementation for antibiotic therapy may provide an extra help. Recent studies have shown that probiotic supplementation therapy has promising application prospects; it can enhance the antibiotic effect to achieve a better therapeutic result and maintain the balance of the host gastrointestinal microbiota. In summary, under global conditions of increasing H. pylori prevalence, probiotic supplementation therapy is worthy of further studies for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201100, China;
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29
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Mao QQ, Xu XY, Shang A, Gan RY, Wu DT, Atanasov AG, Li HB. Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Gastric Cancer: Effects and Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E570. [PMID: 31963129 PMCID: PMC7014214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer, and the third most prevalent cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Voluminous evidence has demonstrated that phytochemicals play a critical role in the prevention and management of gastric cancer. Most epidemiological investigations indicate that the increased intake of phytochemicals could reduce the risk of gastric cancer. Experimental studies have elucidated the mechanisms of action, including inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and suppressing angiogenesis as well as cancer cell metastasis. These mechanisms have also been related to the inhibition of Helicobacter pylori and the modulation of gut microbiota. In addition, the intake of phytochemicals could enhance the efficacy of anticancer chemotherapeutics. Moreover, clinical studies have illustrated that phytochemicals have the potential for the prevention and the management of gastric cancer in humans. To provide an updated understanding of relationships between phytochemicals and gastric cancer, this review summarizes the effects of phytochemicals on gastric cancer, highlighting the underlying mechanisms. This review could be helpful for guiding the public in preventing gastric cancer through phytochemicals, as well as in developing functional food and drugs for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China;
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
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30
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Alaribe CS, Esposito T, Sansone F, Sunday A, Pagano I, Piccinelli AL, Celano R, Cuesta Rubio O, Coker HA, Nabavi SM, Rastrelli L, Picerno P. Nigerian propolis: chemical composition, antioxidant activity and α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:3095-3099. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1682576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Sansone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Adesegun Sunday
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Imma Pagano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Rita Celano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Osmany Cuesta Rubio
- Chemistry and Health Faculty, Technical University of Machala, Ave. Panamericana Vía a Pasaje Km, Ecuador
| | - Herbert Alexander Coker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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Li BY, Xu XY, Gan RY, Sun QC, Meng JM, Shang A, Mao QQ, Li HB. Targeting Gut Microbiota for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus by Dietary Natural Products. Foods 2019; 8:E440. [PMID: 31557941 PMCID: PMC6835620 DOI: 10.3390/foods8100440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the biggest public health concerns worldwide, which includes type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes mellitus, and other rare forms of diabetes mellitus. Accumulating evidence has revealed that intestinal microbiota is closely associated with the initiation and progression of diabetes mellitus. In addition, various dietary natural products and their bioactive components have exhibited anti-diabetic activity by modulating intestinal microbiota. This review addresses the relationship between gut microbiota and diabetes mellitus, and discusses the effects of natural products on diabetes mellitus and its complications by modulating gut microbiota, with special attention paid to the mechanisms of action. It is hoped that this review paper can be helpful for better understanding of the relationships among natural products, gut microbiota, and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Quan-Cai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jin-Ming Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Shang A, Cao SY, Xu XY, Gan RY, Tang GY, Corke H, Mavumengwana V, Li HB. Bioactive Compounds and Biological Functions of Garlic ( Allium sativum L.). Foods 2019. [PMID: 31284512 DOI: 10.3390/foods807024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a widely consumed spice in the world. Garlic contains diverse bioactive compounds, such as allicin, alliin, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, ajoene, and S-allyl-cysteine. Substantial studies have shown that garlic and its bioactive constituents exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular protective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, digestive system protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, and renal protective properties. In this review, the main bioactive compounds and important biological functions of garlic are summarized, highlighting and discussing the relevant mechanisms of actions. Overall, garlic is an excellent natural source of bioactive sulfur-containing compounds and has promising applications in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Vuyo Mavumengwana
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, US/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Shang A, Cao SY, Xu XY, Gan RY, Tang GY, Corke H, Mavumengwana V, Li HB. Bioactive Compounds and Biological Functions of Garlic ( Allium sativum L.). Foods 2019; 8:E246. [PMID: 31284512 PMCID: PMC6678835 DOI: 10.3390/foods8070246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a widely consumed spice in the world. Garlic contains diverse bioactive compounds, such as allicin, alliin, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, ajoene, and S-allyl-cysteine. Substantial studies have shown that garlic and its bioactive constituents exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular protective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, digestive system protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, and renal protective properties. In this review, the main bioactive compounds and important biological functions of garlic are summarized, highlighting and discussing the relevant mechanisms of actions. Overall, garlic is an excellent natural source of bioactive sulfur-containing compounds and has promising applications in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Vuyo Mavumengwana
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, US/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Ghasemian A, Fattahi A, Shokouhi Mostafavi SK, Almarzoqi AH, Memariani M, Ben Braiek O, Yassine HM, Mostafavi NSS, Ahmed MM, Mirforughi SA. Herbal medicine as an auspicious therapeutic approach for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: A concise review. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16847-16860. [PMID: 30847906 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes gastric mucosa inflammation and gastric cancer mostly via several virulence factors. Induction of proinflammatory pathways plays a crucial role in chronic inflammation, gastric carcinoma, and H. pylori pathogenesis. Herbal medicines (HMs) are nontoxic, inexpensive, and mostly anti-inflammatory reminding meticulous emphasis on the elimination of H. pylori and gastric cancer. Several HM has exerted paramount anti-H. pylori traits. In addition, they exert anti-inflammatory effects through several cellular circuits such as inhibition of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB, and activator protein-1 pathway activation leading to the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1α [IL-1α], IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α) expression. Furthermore, they inhibit nitrous oxide release and COX-2 and iNOS activity. The apoptosis induction in Th1 and Th17-polarized lymphocytes and M2-macrophagic polarization and STAT6 activation has also been exhibited. Thus, their exact consumable amount has not been revealed, and clinical trials are needed to achieve optimal concentration and their pharmacokinetics. In the aspect of bioavailability, solubility, absorption, and metabolism of herbal compounds, nanocarriers such as poly lactideco-glycolide-based loading and related formulations are helpful. Noticeably, combined therapies accompanied by probiotics can also be examined for better clearance of gastric mucosa. In addition, downregulation of inflammatory microRNAs (miRNAs) by HMs and upregulation of those anti-inflammatory miRNAs is proposed to protect the gastric mucosa. Thus there is anticipation that in near future HM-based formulations and proper delivery systems are possibly applicable against gastric cancer or other ailments because of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Fattahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Disease and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Hussein Almarzoqi
- Department of Biology, College of Science for Women, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Mojtaba Memariani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Olfa Ben Braiek
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-Manar, El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mohanad Mohsin Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Seyede Amene Mirforughi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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