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Zafeiriadis S, Adamaki-Sotiraki C, Rumbos CI, Athanassiou CG. Beyond carrots: Evaluation of gelling agents as wet feeds for Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142783. [PMID: 38972459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), need a source of moisture to grow and perform well. Currently, much research has been oriented towards the effect of dry feed on larval growth and performance. The effect of different wet feeds as moisture source on the performance traits of T. molitor larvae has not been thoroughly investigated yet. This study aims to investigate in laboratory trials the effect of various gelling agents (agar, carrageenans, guar gum, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, modified starch, and pectin) on the growth and performance of T. molitor larvae. A number of 50 newly emerged larvae obtained from the rearings of the LEAZ were inserted in plastic vials together with 4 g of wheat bran as dry feed. Additionally, 1 g of gelling agents was provided 3 times per week as moisture sources. Carrot slices served as control. Larval survival and weight were recorded weekly until the appearance of the first pupa. Dry feed was replenished when depleted. Our data showed that gelling agents efficiently supported the growth of T. molitor larvae, in terms of larval survival and weight, as well as feed utilization expressed as FCR. Interestingly, carrageenans seem to be the most appropriate gelling agent for T. molitor larvae rearing as it can enhance their weight and is also able to reduce their development time and their specific growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zafeiriadis
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece.
| | - C Adamaki-Sotiraki
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - C I Rumbos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - C G Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
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2
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Bellanco A, Félix J, Díaz Del Cerro E, Martínez Cuesta MC, De la Fuente M, Requena T. Influence of consumption of the food additive carrageenan on the gut microbiota and the intestinal homeostasis of mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:6759-6767. [PMID: 38842261 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The safety of the carrageenan (CGN) consumption as a food additive is under debate, with negative effects being associated with the products of hydrolysis of CGN. Moreover, there is an increasing need to integrate gut microbiome analysis in the scientific risk assessment of food additives. The objective of this study was to test the effects of CGN consumption on the gut microbiota and the intestinal homeostasis of young male and female mice. Female and male ICR-CD1 mice (8 weeks old) orally received 540 mg kg-1 day-1 of CGN, representing the maximum-level exposure assessment scenario surveyed for children, over the course of two weeks. Fecal material and peritoneal immune cells were analyzed to determine changes in the fecal microbiota, based on the analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations, and some immune functions and redox parameters of peritoneal leukocytes. Non-significant microbiota taxonomical changes associated with CGN intake were found in the mouse stools, resulting the housing time in an increase in bacterial groups belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum. The PICRUSt2 functional predictions showed an overall increase in functional clusters of orthologous genes (COGs) involved in carbohydrate transport and metabolism. A significant increase in the cytotoxicity of fecal supernatants was observed in CGN-fed mice, which correlated with worsening of immune functions and oxidative parameters. The altered immunity and oxidative stress observed in young mice after the consumption of CGN, along with the fecal cytotoxicity shown towards intestinal epithelial cells, may be associated with the gut microbiota's capacity to degrade CGN. The characterization of the gut microbiota's ability to hydrolyze CGN should be included in the risk assessment of this food additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Bellanco
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación CIAL-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Judith Félix
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Díaz Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Carmen Martínez Cuesta
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación CIAL-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Requena
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación CIAL-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Song J, Li J, Zhong J, Guo Z, Xu J, Chen X, Qiu M, Lin J, Han L, Zhang D. An oral gel suitable for swallowing: The effect of micronization on the gel properties and microstructure of κ-carrageenan. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132708. [PMID: 38815948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
κ-Carrageenan (κ-Car) is an important material for preparing food gels and hydrogels. However, κ-Car gel has issues with high hardness and low water-holding capacity. Modification strategy of micronization is proposed for the first time to explore its influence on texture properties and gelling process of κ-Car gel, and to investigate the feasibility of κ-Car as a food matrix with low strength. κ-Car undergoing 60 min of micronization, the d(0.9) decreased by 79.33 %, SBET and Vtotal increased by 89.23 % and 95.27 %. The swelling rate and degree of gelling process increased significantly, and the microstructure changed from loose large pores to dense small pores resembling a "honeycomb". Importantly, the hardness of gel-60, Milk-60 and PNS-60 decreased by 72.52 %, 49.25 % and 81.37 %. In addition, WHC of gel-60, Milk-60 and PNS-60 was improved. IDDSI tests showed that κ-Car gels, milk gels and PNS gels can be categorized as level 6 (soft and bite-sized), except for PNS-60, which belongs to level 5 (crumbly and moist). Furthermore, the texture and bitter masking effect of milk gels and PNS gels were improved. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that micronization can be a novel approach to improve the gel properties of κ-Car, laying the groundwork for developing dysphagia foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jingping Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Zhiping Guo
- Sichuan HouDe Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611730, PR China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Xinglv Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Min Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, PR China.
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Innovative Re-development of Famous Classical Formulas, Tianfu TCM Innovation Harbour, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pengzhou 611900, PR China.
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4
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Wang J, Zhu K, Zhang M, Zhou Q, Ji W, Yao Z, Li D. Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and subacute toxicity of oral carrageenan in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:130725. [PMID: 38490394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Carrageenan (CGN) is a typical sulfated polysaccharide widely applied in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Its in vivo behavior plays vital roles in understanding structural and biological functional relationships. The lack of UV chromophores in highly sulfated polysaccharides presents a challenge for their in vivo behavior studies. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a fast and effective quantitative fluorescence method for investigating the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of CGN. Fluorescence isothiocyanate labeling of CGN (FCGN) and microplate reader-based measurements were developed and validated to study its pharmacokinetics. These results showed that the FCGN concentration peaked at 3 h, the mean residence time was 36.6 h, and the clearance rate was 0.1 L/h/kg. Most of the FCGN was excreted in the feces, while 9.2 % was excreted in the urine, suggesting absorption and metabolism. The pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that the FCGN was absorbed quickly, eliminated slowly, and could remain in the body for a sustained profile. Moreover, ex vivo imaging and quantification of FCGN in tissues revealed that FCGN accumulated in the liver and kidney. Furthermore, oral administration of CGN or KOs for 14 days led to changes in liver and kidney indices. Histological analysis of significant organs revealed hepatocyte necrosis in the liver, renal tubular vacuolization in the kidney, and incomplete colonic epithelial cells. The KOs had a more significant effect on inflammatory cell infiltration than did CGNs. These in vivo findings laid the foundation for the study and application of CGN in food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Kehan Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Qian Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Wen Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Zhen Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Duxin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Hua XY, Sim SYJ, Henry CJ, Chiang JH. The extraction of buckwheat protein and its interaction with kappa-carrageenan: Textural, rheological, microstructural, and chemical properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129427. [PMID: 38219932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Current plant-based foods use plant proteins as a key structuring and texturing ingredient. The use of water for extraction can replace conventional protein extraction methods. Water extraction of protein is environmentally friendly and could prevent the loss of protein functionality due to extreme pH changes. This study demonstrates an aqueous extraction method, coupled with ultrasound as pre-treatment, to obtain buckwheat protein (BWPE) and assess its gelling property and composited gel with kappa-carrageenan (k-carr). Textural and rheological analyses showed that the hardness and storage modulus of the composited gel containing 1 % w/w BWPE and 1 % w/w k-carr was 4.2-fold and 100-fold, respectively, higher than k-carr gel at 1 % w/w. Light microscopy showed a mixed bi-continuous gel system, with k-carr reinforcing the protein gel network. Besides volume exclusion effects, chemical bond and FTIR analyses revealed that adding k-carr to BWPE altered the protein's secondary structure and mediated protein denaturation during heating. This results in greater β-sheet content, which creates a more organised gel structure. These results demonstrated that ultrasound-assisted water-extracted BWPE, together with varying concentrations of k-carr, can be used to develop composited gels of tailorable textural and rheological properties to suit different food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Hua
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669, Singapore
| | - Shaun Yong Jie Sim
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669, Singapore.
| | - Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669, Singapore
| | - Jie Hong Chiang
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669, Singapore.
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6
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Prokopiuk V, Onishchenko A, Tryfonyuk L, Posokhov Y, Gorbach T, Kot Y, Kot K, Maksimchuk P, Nakonechna O, Tkachenko A. Marine Polysaccharides Carrageenans Enhance Eryptosis and Alter Lipid Order of Cell Membranes in Erythrocytes. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01225-9. [PMID: 38334853 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Aim In the current study, hemocompatibility of three major commercially available types of carrageenans (ι, κ and λ) was investigated focusing on eryptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Carrageenans of ι-, κ- and λ-types were incubated with washed erythrocytes (hematocrit 0.4%) at 0-1-5-10 g/L for either 24 h or 48 h. Incubation was followed by flow cytometry-based quantitative analysis of eryptosis parameters, including cell volume, cell membrane scrambling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation markers and confocal microscopy-based evaluation of intracellular Ca2+ levels, assessment of lipid order in cell membranes and the glutathione antioxidant system. Confocal microscopy was used to assess carrageenan cellular internalization using rhodamine B isothiocyanate-conjugated carrageenans. RESULTS All three types of carrageenans were found to trigger eryptosis. Pro-eryptotic properties were type-dependent and λ-carrageenan had the strongest impact inducing phosphatidylserine membrane asymmetry, changes in cell volume, Ca2+ signaling and oxidative stress characterized by ROS overproduction, activation of lipid peroxidation and severe glutathione system depletion. Eryptosis induction by carrageenans does not require their uptake by erythrocytes. Changes in physicochemical properties of cell membrane were also type-dependent. No carrageenan-induced generation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals was observed in cell-free milieu. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ι-, κ- and λ-types trigger eryptosis in a type-dependent manner and indicate that carrageenans can be further investigated as potential eryptosis-regulating therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Prokopiuk
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Cryobiochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 61015, Ukraine
| | - Anatolii Onishchenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Liliya Tryfonyuk
- Institute of Health, National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, 11 Soborna st, 33000, Rivne, Ukraine
| | - Yevgen Posokhov
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, Paints and Coatings, The National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", 2 Kyrpychova st, 61000, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Gorbach
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Yurii Kot
- Department of Biochemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody sq., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Kot
- Department of Biochemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody sq., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavel Maksimchuk
- Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky ave, 61072, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Nakonechna
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave., 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Anton Tkachenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
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Tello P, Santos J, Calero N, Trujillo-Cayado LA. Formulation and Characterization of Sustainable Algal-Derived Nanoemulgels: A Green Approach to Minimize the Dependency on Synthetic Surfactants. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:194. [PMID: 38256993 PMCID: PMC10819741 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Phycocyanin (PC), a natural protein that is very interesting from the medical point of view due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is obtained from algae. This compound is gaining positions for applications in the food industry. The main objective of this work was to obtain nanoemulgels formulated with PC and k-carrageenan (a polymer that is obtained from algae as well). An optimization of the processing parameters (homogenization pressure and number of cycles) and the ratio of PC and a well-known synthetic surfactant (Tween 80) was developed using response surface methodology. The results of this optimization were 25,000 psi, seven cycles, and a 1:1 ratio of PC/Tween80. However, the necessity for the incorporation of a polymer that plays a thickener role was observed. Hence, k-carrageenan (k-C) was used to retard the creaming process that these nanoemulsions suffered. The incorporation of this biopolymer provoked the creation of a network that showed gel-type behavior and flow indexes very close to zero. Thanks to the combined use of these two sustainable and algae-obtained compounds, stable nanoemulgels were obtained. This work has proved that the combined use of PC and k-C has emerged as a sustainable alternative to stabilize dispersed systems for the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Tello
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Virgen de África, 7, 41011 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Jenifer Santos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud y Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Avda. de las Universidades s/n, 41704 Dos Hermanas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Nuria Calero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor García González s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Luis A. Trujillo-Cayado
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Virgen de África, 7, 41011 Sevilla, Spain;
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Tripathi G, Dubey P, Ahmad S, Farooqui A, Mishra V. Role of Algal-derived Bioactive Compounds in Human Health. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2024; 18:190-209. [PMID: 37537776 DOI: 10.2174/1872208317666230623141740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Algae is emerging as a bioresource with high biological potential. Various algal strains have been used in traditional medicines and human diets worldwide. They are a rich source of bioactive compounds like ascorbic acid, riboflavin, pantothenate, biotin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, phycocyanins, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), adrenic acid (ARA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), etc. Beta-carotene, astaxanthin, and phycobiliproteins are different classes of pigments that are found in algae. They possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. The sulfur-coated polysaccharides in algae have been used as an anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral agent. Scientists have exploited algal-derived bioactive compounds for developing lead molecules against several diseases. Due to the surge in research on bioactive molecules from algae, industries have started showing interest in patenting for the large-scale production of bioactive compounds having applications in sectors like pharmaceuticals, food, and beverage. In the food industry, algae are used as a thickening, gelling, and stabilizing agent. Due to their gelling and thickening characteristics, the most valuable algae products are macroalgal polysaccharides such as agar, alginates, and carrageenan. The high protein, lipid, and nutrient content in microalgae makes it a superfood for aquaculture. The present review aims at describing various non-energy-based applications of algae in pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals. This review attempts to analyze information on algal-derived drugs that have shown better potential and reached clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanendra Tripathi
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Priyanka Dubey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Suhail Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Alvina Farooqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Vishal Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
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Zhang S, Sun Y, Nie Q, Hu J, Li Y, Shi Z, Ji H, Zhang H, Zhao M, Chen C, Nie S. Effects of four food hydrocolloids on colitis and their regulatory effect on gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121368. [PMID: 37940266 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocolloids are important food additives and have potential regulatory effects on gut microbiota. The development of colitis is closely related to changes in gut microbiota. The effect of food hydrocolloids on the structure of the gut microbiota and their impact on colitis has not been well investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of four hydrocolloids (carrageenan, guar gum, xanthan gum, and pectin) on colitis, and explored their regulatory effects on gut microbiota. The results indicated that pectin and guar effectively alleviated body weight loss and disease activity index, reduced inflammatory cytokine levels, and promoted short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. They increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, Oscillospira, and Lactobacillus, and Akkermansia abundance had a negative correlation with the severity of colitis. In contrast, carrageenan and xanthan gum did not significantly improve colitis, and carrageenan reduced the production of SCFAs. Both carrageenan and xanthan gum increased the abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus, and Ruminococcus abundance was positively correlated with the severity of colitis. These findings suggest that food additives have an impact on host health and provide guidance for the diet of patients with colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zefu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Haihua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingjiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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10
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Ben David M, Shani Levi C, Lesmes U. Carrageenan impact on digestive proteolysis of meat proteins in meatballs or soluble hydrolyzed collagen. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113560. [PMID: 37986516 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In a health-conscious age, vivid discussion has been made on the healthfulness of processed foods and food additives. This study focuses on carrageenan (CGN), an approved but debated family of sulphated galactans from algae used as gelling, thickening and stabilizing agents but with indications of possible adverse effects, including as an inhibitor of digestive proteolysis. To challenge this inhibitory hypothesis, food-grade kappa-, iota and lambda-CGN preparations were used to produce beef meatballs whose proteolysis was studied using an in vitro digestion model coupled to various proteomic analyses. Results show that CGN anti-nutritional effects are abolished in beef meatballs. Specifically, proteomic analysis of gastric digesta of myosin light chain 1 (MYL1), alpha skeletal muscle (ACTA1), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (ALDOA) reveal no appreciable differences in the profiles of bioaccessible peptides. Separate digestions of a soluble collagen hydrolysate show CGN does inhibit proteolysis of soluble collagen, therefore supporting the notion that the meat matrix confers a shielding effect that eliminates CGN ability to interfere with digestive proteolysis. Thus, this work shows that CGN ability to hinder digestive proteolysis may not apply to all foods and contributes evidence important to the discussions on CGN uses, indications and regulatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Ben David
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Foods and Bioactives, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Carmit Shani Levi
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Foods and Bioactives, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Uri Lesmes
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Foods and Bioactives, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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11
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Tahiri M, Johnsrud C, Steffensen IL. Evidence and hypotheses on adverse effects of the food additives carrageenan (E 407)/processed Eucheuma seaweed (E 407a) and carboxymethylcellulose (E 466) on the intestines: a scoping review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2023; 53:521-571. [PMID: 38032203 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2270574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This scoping review provides an overview of publications reporting adverse effects on the intestines of the food additives carrageenan (CGN) (E 407)/processed Eucheuma seaweed (PES) (E 407a) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (E 466). It includes evidence from human, experimental mammal and in vitro research publications, and other evidence. The databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Epistemonikos were searched without time limits, in addition to grey literature. The publications retrieved were screened against predefined criteria. From two literature searches, 2572 records were screened, of which 224 records were included, as well as 38 records from grey literature, making a total of 262 included publications, 196 on CGN and 101 on CMC. These publications were coded and analyzed in Eppi-Reviewer and data gaps presented in interactive maps. For CGN, five, 69 and 33 research publications on humans, experimental mammals and in vitro experiments were found, further separated as degraded or native (non-degraded) CGN. For CMC, three human, 20 animal and 14 in vitro research publications were obtained. The most studied adverse effects on the intestines were for both additives inflammation, the gut microbiome, including fermentation, intestinal permeability, and cancer and metabolic effects, and immune effects for CGN. Further studies should focus on native CGN, in the form and molecular weight used as food additive. For both additives, randomized controlled trials of sufficient power and with realistic dietary exposure levels of single additives, performed in persons of all ages, including potentially vulnerable groups, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirlinda Tahiri
- Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Celine Johnsrud
- Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger-Lise Steffensen
- Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Zhu C, Mou M, Yang L, Jiang Z, Zheng M, Li Z, Hong T, Ni H, Li Q, Yang Y, Zhu Y. Enzymatic hydrolysates of κ-carrageenan by κ-carrageenase-CLEA immobilized on amine-modified ZIF-8 confer hypolipidemic activity in HepG2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126401. [PMID: 37597638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
κ-Carrageenase can degrade κ-carrageenan to produce bioactive κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides (KCOs) that have potential applications in pharmaceutical, food, agricultural, and cosmetics industries. Immobilized enzymes gain their popularity due to their good reusability, enhanced stability, and tunability. In this study, the previously characterized catalytic domain of Pseudoalteromonas purpurea κ-carrageenase was covalently immobilized on the synthesized amine-modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles with the formation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates, and the immobilized κ-carrageenase was further characterized. The immobilized κ-carrageenase demonstrated excellent pH stability and good reusability, and exhibited higher optimal reaction temperature, better thermostability, and extended storage stability compared with the free enzyme. The KCOs produced by the immobilized κ-carrageenase could significantly decrease the TC, TG, and LDL-C levels in HepG2 cells, increase the HDL-C level in HepG2 cells, and reduce the free fatty acids level in Caco-2 cells. Biochemical assays showed that the KCOs could activate AMPK activity, increase the ratios of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ACC/ACC, and downregulate the expression of the lipid metabolism related proteins including SREBP1 and HMGCR in the hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells. This study provides a novel and effective method for immobilization of κ-carrageenase, and the KCOs produced by the immobilized enzyme could be a potential therapeutic agent to prevent hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Mingjing Mou
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Leilei Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Mingjing Zheng
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Tao Hong
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qingbiao Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Yanbing Zhu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China.
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13
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Wang Z, Xu Z, Yang X, Li M, Yip RCS, Li Y, Chen H. Current application and modification strategy of marine polysaccharides in tissue regeneration: A review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213580. [PMID: 37634336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides (MPs) are exceptional bioactive materials that possess unique biochemical mechanisms and pharmacological stability, making them ideal for various tissue engineering applications. Certain MPs, including agarose, alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, and glucan have been successfully employed as biological scaffolds in animal studies. As carriers of signaling molecules, scaffolds can enhance the adhesion, growth, and differentiation of somatic cells, thereby significantly improving the tissue regeneration process. However, the biological benefits of pure MPs composite scaffold are limited. Therefore, physical, chemical, enzyme modification and other methods are employed to expand its efficacy. Chemically, the structural properties of MPs scaffolds can be altered through modifications to functional groups or molecular weight reduction, thereby enhancing their biological activities. Physically, MPs hydrogels and sponges emulate the natural extracellular matrix, creating a more conducive environment for tissue repair. The porosity and high permeability of MPs membranes and nanomaterials expedite wound healing. This review explores the distinctive properties and applications of select MPs in tissue regeneration, highlighting their structural versatility and biological applicability. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of common modification strategies employed for MP scaffolds. In conclusion, MPs have significant potential and are expected to be a novel regenerative material for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokun Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Xuan Yang
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Man Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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14
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Li J, Liu M, Qin G, Wu X, Li M, Sun L, Dang W, Zhang S, Liang Y, Zheng X, Li L, Liu C. Classification, gelation mechanism and applications of polysaccharide-based hydrocolloids in pasta products: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125956. [PMID: 37487993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-based hydrocolloids (PBHs) are a group of water-soluble polysaccharides with high molecular weight hydrophilic long-chain molecules, which are widely employed in food industry as thickeners, emulsifiers, gelling agents, and stabilizers. Pasta products are considered to be an important source of nutrition for humans, and PBHs show great potential in improving their quality and nutritional value. The hydration of PBHs to form viscous solutions or sols under specific processing conditions is a prerequisite for improving the stability of food systems. In this review, PBHs are classified in a novel way according to food processing conditions, and their gelation mechanisms are summarized. The application of PBHs in pasta products prepared under different processing methods (baking, steaming/cooking, frying, freezing) are reviewed, and the potential mechanism of PBHs in regulating pasta products quality is revealed from the interaction between PBHs and the main components of pasta products (protein, starch, and water). Finally, the safety of PBHs is critically explored, along with future perspectives. This review provides a scientific foundation for the development and specific application of PBHs in pasta products, and provides theoretical support for improving pasta product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mei Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Guolan Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Maozhi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Le Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenqian Dang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shenying Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Liang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueling Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Limin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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15
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Souza HKS, Kraiem W, Ben Yahia A, Aschi A, Hilliou L. From Seaweeds to Hydrogels: Recent Progress in Kappa-2 Carrageenans. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5387. [PMID: 37570091 PMCID: PMC10420234 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid carrageenans, also called kappa-2 (K2) or weak kappa, are a class of sulfated polysaccharides with thermo-reversible gelling properties in water and are extracted from a specific family of red seaweeds. K2 are known in the industry for their texturizing properties which are intermediate between those of kappa-carrageenans (K) and iota-carrageenans (I). As such, K2 are gaining industrial interest, as they can replace blends of K and I (K + I) in some niche applications. Over the last decade or so, some progress has been made in unravelling K2's chemical structure. The understanding of K2 gel's structure-rheological properties' relationships has also improved. Such recent progress is reported here, reviewing the literature on gelling K2 published since the last review on the topic. The focus is on the seaweeds used for extracting K2, their block copolymer chemical structures, and how these impact on the gel's formation and rheological properties. The outcome of this review is that additional rheological and structural studies of K2 hydrogels are needed, in particular to understand their viscoelastic behavior under large deformation and to unravel the differences between the texturizing properties of K2 and K + I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiléia K. S. Souza
- Institute for Polymers and Composites (IPC), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 5800-048 Guimarães, Portugal; (H.K.S.S.); (W.K.); (A.B.Y.)
- Centre for Innovation in Polymer Engineering (PIEP), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, Building 15, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Wala Kraiem
- Institute for Polymers and Composites (IPC), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 5800-048 Guimarães, Portugal; (H.K.S.S.); (W.K.); (A.B.Y.)
- LR99ES16 Laboratoire Physique de la Matière Molle et de la Modélisation Électromagnétique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Amine Ben Yahia
- Institute for Polymers and Composites (IPC), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 5800-048 Guimarães, Portugal; (H.K.S.S.); (W.K.); (A.B.Y.)
- LR99ES16 Laboratoire Physique de la Matière Molle et de la Modélisation Électromagnétique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Adel Aschi
- LR99ES16 Laboratoire Physique de la Matière Molle et de la Modélisation Électromagnétique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Loïc Hilliou
- Institute for Polymers and Composites (IPC), Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 5800-048 Guimarães, Portugal; (H.K.S.S.); (W.K.); (A.B.Y.)
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16
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Huang Z, Ma Y, Xie Y, Zhao D, Li C. Carrageenan in meat: improvement in lipid metabolism due to Sirtuin1-mediated fatty acid oxidation and inhibited lipid bioavailability. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37219362 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00906h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Kappa-carrageenan (κ-CGN) is widely used in the meat industry. However, its impact on the host metabolism is less revealed. The current study investigated the effect of κ-CGN in pork-based diets on the lipid metabolism of male C57BL/6J mice. The κ-CGN supplement significantly suppressed the increase in body weight by 6.79 g on an average. Supplement of κ-CGN in high-fat diets significantly upregulated the genes and protein expression of Sirtuin1, which was accompanied by the increased gene expression of downstream fatty acids oxidation (Cpt1a and Acadl). The sirtuin1-mediated improvement of lipid metabolism was negatively associated with the levels of bile acids, especially for deoxycholic acid, 3β-cholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid and glycolithocholic acid. Moreover, κ-CGN in high-fat diets inhibited lipid digestion and absorption, being associated with the decrease in lipid accumulation and improved serum lipid profile. These results highlighted the role of κ-CGN in alleviating diet-induced adiposity by promoting energy expenditure and suppressing the bioavailability of ingested lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA; Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Yafang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA; Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Yunting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA; Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Di Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA; Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Chunbao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, MOST; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA; Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095, P.R. China.
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17
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Lesmes U. In vitro digestion models for the design of safe and nutritious foods. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023; 104:179-203. [PMID: 37236731 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Responsible development of future foods requires in depth understanding of food digestion in the human body based on robust research models, ranging from in vitro models to randomized controlled human trials. This chapter overviews fundamental aspects of food digestion, namely bioaccessibility and bioavailability, and models mirroring gastric, intestinal, and colonic conditions. Second, the chapter demonstrates the potential of in vitro digestion models to help screen adverse effects of food additives, such as Titanium dioxide or carrageenan, or underpin the determinants of macro- and micronutrient digestion in different strata of the population, for example digestion of emulsions. Such efforts support rationalized design of functional foods, such as infant formulae, cheese, cereals and biscuits which are validated in vivo or in randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uri Lesmes
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion, Israel.
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18
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Keathley J, White J, Reid G. The Impact of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Beneficial Microbes, and Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Improving Health. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051124. [PMID: 37240769 DOI: 10.3390/life13051124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition that microbes are integral to human life has led to studies on how to manipulate them in favor of health outcomes. To date, there has been no conjoint recommendation for the intake of dietary compounds that can complement the ingested organisms in terms of promoting an improved health outcome. The aim of this review is to discuss how beneficial microbes in the form of probiotics, fermented foods, and donor feces are being used to manage health. In addition, we explore the rationale for selecting beneficial microbial strains and aligning diets to accommodate their propagation in the gut. A pilot clinical trial design is presented to examine the effects of probiotics and exercise in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU); it is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism, and it is a complication that requires lifelong dietary intervention. The example design is provided to illustrate the importance of using omics technology to see if the intervention elevates neuroactive biogenic amines in the plasma; increases the abundance of Eubacterium rectale, Coprococcus eutactus, Akkermansia muciniphila, or Butyricicoccus; and increases Escherichia/Shigella in the gut, all as markers of improved health. By emphasizing the combined importance of diet, microbial supplements, and the gut microbiome, we hope that future studies will better align these components, not only to improve outcomes, but also to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Keathley
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jessica White
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia College, 1285 Western Road, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada
| | - Gregor Reid
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
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19
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Mavelil-Sam R, Ouseph EM, Morreale M, Scaffaro R, Thomas S. Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071650. [PMID: 37050264 PMCID: PMC10097169 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Versatility of the anionic algal polysaccharide carrageenan has long been discussed and explored, especially for their affinity towards water molecules. While this feature is advantageous in certain applications such as water remediation, wound healing, etc., the usefulness of this biopolymer is extremely limited when it comes to applications such as food packaging. Scientists around the globe are carrying out research works on venturing diverse methods to integrate a hydrophobic nature into these polysaccharides without compromising their other functionalities. Considering these foregoing studies, this review was designed to have an in-depth understanding of diverse methods and techniques adopted for tuning the hydrophobic nature of carrageenan-based bionanocomposites, both via surface alterations or by changes made to their chemical structure and attached functional groups. This review article mainly focused on how the hydrophobicity of carrageenan bionanocomposites varied as a function of the type and refinement of carrageenan, and with the incorporation of additives including plasticisers, nanofillers, bioactive agents, etc. Incorporation of nanofillers such as polysaccharide-based nanoparticles, nanoclays, bioceramic and mineral based nanoparticles, carbon dots and nanotubes, metal oxide nanoparticles, etc., along with their synergistic effects in hybrid bionanocomposites are also dealt with in this comprehensive review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubie Mavelil-Sam
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, India;
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, India;
| | | | - Marco Morreale
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Roberto Scaffaro
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, India;
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, India;
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
- Institute of Biophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnyi Av., Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
- International and Inter-University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IIUCNN), Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 650, India
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (R.S.); (S.T.)
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20
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Rheological behavior and molecular dynamics simulation of κ-carrageenan/casein under simulated gastrointestinal electrolyte conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Liu F, Duan G, Yang H. Recent advances in exploiting carrageenans as a versatile functional material for promising biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123787. [PMID: 36858089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Carrageenans are a group of biopolymers widely found in red seaweeds. Commercial carrageenans have been traditionally used as emulsifiers, stabilizers, and thickening and gelling agents in food products. Carrageenans are regarded as bioactive polysaccharides with disease-modifying and microbiota-modulating activities. Novel biomedical applications of carrageenans as biocompatible functional materials for fabricating hydrogels and nanostructures, including carbon dots, nanoparticles, and nanofibers, have been increasingly exploited. In this review, we describe the unique structural characteristics of carrageenans and their functional relevance. We summarize salient physicochemical features, including thixotropic and shear-thinning properties, of carrageenans. Recent results from clinical trials in which carrageenans were applied as both antiviral and antitumor agents and functional materials are discussed. We also highlight the most recent advances in the development of carrageenan-based targeted drug delivery systems with various pharmaceutical formulations. Promising applications of carrageenans as a bioink material for 3D printing in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are systematically evaluated. We envisage some key hurdles and challenges in the commercialization of carrageenans as a versatile material for clinical practice. This comprehensive review of the intimate relationships among the structural features, unique rheological properties, and biofunctionality of carrageenans will provide novel insights into their biomedicine application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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22
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Effective Preservation of Chilled Pork Using Photodynamic Antibacterial Film Based on Curcumin-β-Cyclodextrin Complex. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15041023. [PMID: 36850306 PMCID: PMC9967877 DOI: 10.3390/polym15041023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A biodegradable photodynamic antibacterial film (PS-CF) was prepared using the casting method, with κ-Carrageenan (κ-Car) as the film-forming substrate and curcumin-β-cyclodextrin (Cur-β-CD) complex as photosensitizer. Chilled pork samples were coated with PS-CF and stored at 4 °C to investigate the effects of PS-CF combined with LED light irradiation (425 nm, 45 min) (PS+L+) on pork preservation during 10 days of storage. The total viable count (TVC) of bacteria, total volatile basic nitrogen value (TVB-N) and the pH of pork treated with PS+L+ were all lower than the control, and the water-holding capacity (WHC) was higher. Ten days later, the TVB-N value was 12.35 ± 0.57 mg/100 g and the TVC value was 5.78 ± 0.17 log CFU/g, which was within the acceptable range. Sensory evaluation determined that the color, odor, and overall acceptability of pork treated with PS+L+ were significantly better than the control. These findings suggest that PS+L+ treatment effectively extended the shelf life of chilled pork from ~4-5 to 10 days. Correlation analysis showed that the sensory quality of the chilled pork significantly correlated with total bacterial counts, TVB-N and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (p < 0.05), suggesting that these biomarkers could be used as standard indicators for evaluating the freshness of chilled pork. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of Cur-β-CD photodynamic antibacterial film for the preservation of chilled pork and provide a theoretical basis for the application of the film for the preservation of fresh food in general.
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23
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Guo J, Shang X, Chen P, Huang X. How does carrageenan cause colitis? A review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 302:120374. [PMID: 36604052 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carrageenan is a common additive, but mounting studies have reported that it may cause or aggravate inflammation in the intestines. The safety of carrageenan remains controversial and its inflammatory mechanisms are unclear. In this review, the pathogenesis of colitis by carrageenans was discussed. We analyzed the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, followed that line of thought, the existing evidence of carrageenans causing colitis in cellular and animal models was summarized to draw its colitis pathogenesis. Two pathways were described including: 1) carrageenan changed the composition of intestinal microbiota, especially Akkermansia muciniphila, which destroyed the mucosal barrier and triggered the inflammatory immune response; and 2) carrageenan directly contacted with receptors on epithelial cells and activated the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. This review aim to provide guidance for exploring the treatment of colitis caused by carrageenan, and safe processing and utilization of carrageenan in food industry, which is worthy of study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Guo
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Xuke Shang
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Peilin Chen
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Xiaozhou Huang
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
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24
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Wen JJ, Li MZ, Hu JL, Wang J, Wang ZQ, Chen CH, Yang JR, Huang XJ, Xie MY, Nie SP. Different dietary fibers unequally remodel gut microbiota and charge up anti-obesity effects. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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25
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Soni S, Paari KA. A review on the immunomodulatory properties of functional nutraceuticals as dietary interventions for children to combat COVID-19 related infections. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023; 5:17. [PMCID: PMC10076816 DOI: 10.1186/s43014-023-00133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a significant threat to humanity in the present day due to the rapid increase in the number of infections worldwide. While most children may be spared of the direct mortality effects of the disease, those with weak immune systems are prone to adverse effects. Child mortality increases due to the stress caused to the health care system that disrupts essential health care needs such as immunisation and antenatal care. The use of functional foods (FF) aids in disease-prevention as they are known to have protective effects against COVID-19 by boosting children’s cellular and humoral immunity. Plant components such as glycyrrhizin, epigallocatechin gallate, allicin, and fucoidan exhibit antiviral properties against various viruses, including SARS-CoV 2. Microbial foods that are made of probiotics, can enhance immunity against various respiratory viruses. Food enriched with additives such as lactoferrin, piperine, and zinc can boost immunity against COVID-19. With proper definitive drug therapy not available for treating COVID-19 and most of the disease management tools rely on symptoms and non-specific supportive care, developing a functional paediatric formulation will prevent further deterioration in infant health. It is wise to investigate the toxicological aspects of Functional Foods components especially when formulating for children. The safe limits of ingredients should be strictly followed during FFs formulation. Stronger regulations with advanced analytical techniques can help to formulate functional foods into the mainstream in child nutraceuticals. The purpose of this review is to compile collective information on the functional nutraceuticals specifically for infants and children up to the age of 10 years that could confer immunity against COVID-19 and other related viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Soni
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Central Campus, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Kuppusamy Alagesan Paari
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Central Campus, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029 India
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26
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Guo J, Zhu S, Chen P, Liu Z, Lin L, Zhang J. Effect of physiological pH on the molecular characteristics, rheological behavior, and molecular dynamics of κ-carrageenan/casein. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1174888. [PMID: 37125034 PMCID: PMC10140325 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1174888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During gastrointestinal digestion, κ-carrageenan (κ-CGN) undergoes physicochemical changes, which associated with the risk of colitis. Methods To understand the effect of physiological pH on the conformational transition and binding stability of κ-CGN and κ-carrageenan/casein (κ-CC), we conducted experiments at pH 3.0 (gastric environment) and pH 7.0 (intestinal environment). We evaluated zeta potential, free sulfate group content, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermodynamic properties, microstructure, and molecular mechanism. Results and Discussion Our results revealed that the helical conformation of κ-CGN and κ-CC were more ordered and stable, and sulfate group exposure both lower in the intestinal environment (pH 7.0). However, in gastric environment (pH 3.0), the charge density of κ-CGN decreased, accompanied by random curling conformation and free sulfate group content increased. In contrast, the intermolecular interactions between κ-CGN and casein increased in gastric acid environments due to casein flocculation and secondary structure folding, and significantly reduced the exposure of free sulfate groups of κ-CGN. Our research results provide an important theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism and structure-activity relationship of κ-CGN under casein matrix to protect the mucosal barrier and inhibit colitis, and are of great significance for guiding and expanding the safe application of κ-CGN, thus assisting food nutrition to be absorbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Guo
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Juanjuan Guo,
| | - Siliang Zhu
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Peilin Chen
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Luan Lin
- College of Oceanology and Food Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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27
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Azevedo G, Torres M, Almeida P, Hilliou L. Exploring relationships between seaweeds carrageenan contents and extracted hybrid carrageenan properties in wild and cultivated Mastocarpus stellatus, Chondrus crispus and Ahnfeltiopsis devoniensis. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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28
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Physicochemical dynamic changes and differences of κ-carrageenan in different vehicles (aqueous and casein solution) during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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29
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Gao Y, Wu A, Li Y, Chang Y, Xue C, Tang Q. The risk of carrageenan-induced colitis is exacerbated under high-sucrose/high-salt diet. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:475-482. [PMID: 35483512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a common used food additive, the threat of carrageenan to colon health is controversial, and is inseparable from personal eating habits. However, no detailed descriptions are available concerning the influence of different dietary patterns on the risk of carrageenan-induced colitis. In this study, we explored the risk of κ-carrageenan-induced colitis under high-sucrose or high-salt diet in mice. Intervention with carrageenan under high-sucrose diet significantly reduced colon length and induced more serious deepening of the crypts. In addition, the intake of carrageenan under high-sucrose/high-salt diet induced more serious goblet cell reduction and increased intestinal permeability. 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS based metabonomic approaches were conducted to explore the changes of gut microbiota and metabolites. It was found that the intake of carrageenan under high-sucrose/high-salt diet significantly reduced the abundance of anti-inflammatory bacterium and increased the abundance of harmful bacterium, which was significantly related to the decrease of anti-inflammatory metabolites in colon, such as methyl caffeate, spermine, oleanolic acid and senecionine. Overall, high-sucrose or high-salt diet increased the risk of carrageenan-induced colitis. This reminds us to maintain good eating habits, do not prefer high-sugar or high-salt foods, and try not to consume large amounts of carrageenan continuously to maintain gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Axue Wu
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266235, China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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30
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Pan H, Pei F, Ma G, Ma N, Zhong L, Zhao L, Hu Q. 3D printing properties of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide-soy protein complex hydrogels. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Jamaluddin, Yahya M, Rauf RF, Rivai AA. Drying kinetics and quality characteristics of
Eucheuma cottonii
seaweed in various drying methods. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamaluddin
- Department of Agricultural Technology Education Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Makassar Makassar Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Yahya
- Department of Automotive Engineering Education Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Makassar Makassar Indonesia
| | - Reski Febyanti Rauf
- Department of Agricultural Technology Education Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Makassar Makassar Indonesia
| | - Andi Alamsyah Rivai
- Department of Agricultural Technology Education Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Makassar Makassar Indonesia
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32
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Structure-Elastic Properties Relationships in Gelling Carrageenans. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234120. [PMID: 34883623 PMCID: PMC8659267 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelling carrageenans are polysaccharides extracted from the Gigartinales order of red algae. These are additives used essentially in the food industry for texturizing, stabilizing or gelling various formulations. Although a consensual gel mechanism has been reached which encompasses a coil-to-helix transition followed by the self-assembling of helices in a network, the structure–elastic relationships in the network are still to be clearly established. This paper reviews the reports in which carrageenan gel structures have been systematically compared with gel elastic properties. The focus is on the sizes documented for structural units, such as strands, aggregates, voids or network meshes, as well as on the reported linear and nonlinear elastic characteristics. The insufficient rationalization of carrageenan gel elasticity by models which take on board mechanically relevant structural features is underlined. After introducing selected linear and nonlinear elastic models, preliminary results comparing such models to structural and rheological data are presented. In particular, the concentration scaling of the strain hardening exhibited by two types of carrageenan gels is discussed.
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33
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Pogozhykh D, Posokhov Y, Myasoedov V, Gubina-Vakulyck G, Chumachenko T, Knigavko O, Polikarpova H, Kalashnyk-Vakulenko Y, Sharashydze K, Nakonechna O, Prokopyuk V, Onishchenko A, Tkachenko A. Experimental Evaluation of Food-Grade Semi-Refined Carrageenan Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11178. [PMID: 34681837 PMCID: PMC8539956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The safety of food additives E407 and E407a has raised concerns in the scientific community. Thus, this study aims to assess the local and systemic toxic effects of the common food additive E407a in rats orally exposed to it for two weeks. Complex evaluations of the effects of semi-refined carrageenan (E407a) on rats upon oral exposure were performed. Local effects of E407a on the intestine were analyzed using routine histological stains and CD68 immunostaining. Furthermore, circulating levels of inflammatory markers were assessed. A fluorescent probe O1O (2- (2'-OH-phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazole) was used for evaluating the state of leukocyte cell membranes. Cell death modes of leukocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry using Annexin V and 7-aminoactinomycin D staining. Oral administration of the common food additive E407a was found to be associated with altered small and large intestinal morphology, infiltration of the lamina propria in the small intestine with macrophages (CD68+ cells), high systemic levels of inflammation markers, and changes in the lipid order of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membranes of leukocytes, alongside the activation of their apoptosis. Our findings suggest that oral exposure to E407a through rats results in the development of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denys Pogozhykh
- Clinic for Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Yevgen Posokhov
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 6 Trinklera st, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (Y.P.); (V.P.); (A.O.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, Paints and Coatings, The National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, 2 Kyrpychova st, 61000 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Valeriy Myasoedov
- Department of Medical Biology, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Galina Gubina-Vakulyck
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Tetyana Chumachenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Kharkiv National Medical University, 12 Trinklera st, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Oleksandr Knigavko
- Department of Urology, Nephrology and Andrology, Kharkiv National Medical University, 195 Moskovsky ave, 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Hanna Polikarpova
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (H.P.); (O.N.)
| | - Yuliia Kalashnyk-Vakulenko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Ketino Sharashydze
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Malinovskogo st, 61052 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Oksana Nakonechna
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (H.P.); (O.N.)
| | - Volodymyr Prokopyuk
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 6 Trinklera st, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (Y.P.); (V.P.); (A.O.)
- Department of Cryobiology of the Reproductive System, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23 Pereyaslavskaya st, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Anatolii Onishchenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 6 Trinklera st, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (Y.P.); (V.P.); (A.O.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (H.P.); (O.N.)
| | - Anton Tkachenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 6 Trinklera st, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (Y.P.); (V.P.); (A.O.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (H.P.); (O.N.)
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K-Carrageenan Stimulates Pre-Osteoblast Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation: A Potential Factor for the Promotion of Bone Regeneration? Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206131. [PMID: 34684714 PMCID: PMC8541607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current cell-based bone tissue regeneration strategies cannot cover large bone defects. K-carrageenan is a highly hydrophilic and biocompatible seaweed-derived sulfated polysaccharide, that has been proposed as a promising candidate for tissue engineering applications. Whether κ-carrageenan can be used to enhance bone regeneration is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether κ-carrageenan has osteogenic potential by testing its effect on pre-osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Treatment with κ-carrageenan (0.5 and 2 mg/mL) increased both MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast adhesion and spreading at 1 h. K-carrageenan (0.125–2 mg/mL) dose-dependently increased pre-osteoblast proliferation and metabolic activity, with a maximum effect at 2 mg/mL at day three. K-carrageenan (0.5 and 2 mg/mL) increased osteogenic differentiation, as shown by enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity (1.8-fold increase at 2 mg/mL) at day four, and matrix mineralization (6.2-fold increase at 2 mg/mL) at day 21. K-carrageenan enhanced osteogenic gene expression (Opn, Dmp1, and Mepe) at day 14 and 21. In conclusion, κ-carrageenan promoted MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast adhesion and spreading, metabolic activity, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, suggesting that κ-carrageenan is a potential osteogenic inductive factor for clinical application to enhance bone regeneration.
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