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Hansen C, Davison B, Singh GR. Small for gestational age and anthropometric body composition from early childhood to adulthood: the Aboriginal Birth Cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1349040. [PMID: 38450125 PMCID: PMC10915257 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1349040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In Australia the estimated rate of small for gestational age (SGA) births is 9% among non-Indigenous births compared to 14% among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. There is limited research investigating the effect of being born SGA on body composition later in life in Indigenous Australians. Methods Using data from the Aboriginal Birth Cohort longitudinal study, we compared the body composition of those born SGA to non-SGA by analysing anthropometric measures (height, weight, waist circumference, fat percentage [FAT%], body mass index [BMI], waist-to-height ratio, and A body shape index [ABSI]) collected at four follow-up periods (from childhood to adult). For cross-sectional analyses, linear regression models were employed to assess factors associated with anthropometric measures. For longitudinal analyses linear mixed models were employed to assess differences in anthropometric measures among SGA versus non-SGA individuals while adjusting for repeated measures. Results The analytic baseline cohort were those who participated in Wave 2 (n = 570). In cross-sectional analyses, across all waves those born SGA had smaller anthropometric z-scores compared to non-SGA individuals (β ranging from -0.50 to -0.25). Participants residing in urban environments were significantly larger in Waves 2 to 4 (β ranged 0.26 to 0.65). Those born SGA had higher ABSI scores in Waves 2 and 4 (β 0.26 and 0.37, respectively). In longitudinal analyses, those born SGA had smaller measures of body composition across the life course; these differences were larger in urban communities. In remote communities those born SGA had significantly higher ABSI scores during adolescence and young adulthood, and this difference was not observed in urban communities. Conclusion Indigenous Australians born SGA are smaller anthropometrically later in life compared to their non-SGA counterparts. In remote communities, those born SGA had higher levels of central adiposity compared to non-SGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Hansen
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Belinda Davison
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Gurmeet R. Singh
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
- Northern Territory Medical Program, Flinders University, Darwin, Darwin, NT, Australia
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2
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Abu-Saad K, Accos M, Ziv A, Collins F, Shepherd C, Eades S, Kalter-Leibovici O. Development and Functionality of a Parsimonious Digital Food Frequency Questionnaire for a Clinical Intervention among an Indigenous Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:5012. [PMID: 38068870 PMCID: PMC10707983 DOI: 10.3390/nu15235012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition-related chronic diseases are a major problem among Indigenous populations. Appropriate dietary intake assessment tools are needed for nutritional surveillance and intervention; however, tools designed to measure the habitual dietary intake of Indigenous persons are largely lacking. We developed a digital food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to measure habitual consumption among Australian Aboriginal adults and support personalized nutrition counseling. The primary contributors to energy, select nutrients, and inter-person variation (83 food groups) were identified from nationally representative 24 h recall (24HR) data, and they accounted for >80% of the total intake and inter-person variation of the nutrients of interest. Based on community input, a meal-based FFQ format was adopted, with a main food/beverage list of 81 items and the capacity to report on >300 additional items via the digital platform. The nutrient database was based on the Australian Food and Nutrient Database. Data for the first 60 study participants (70% female; median age: 48 years) were used to assess the FFQ's utility. The participants' median [IQR] reported energy intake (10,042 [6968-12,175] kJ/day) was similar to their median [IQR] estimated energy expenditure (10,197 [8636-11,551] kJ/day). Foods/beverages on the main FFQ list accounted for between 66% and 90% of the participants' reported energy and nutrient intakes; the remainder came from participant-selected extra items. The digital FFQ platform provides a potentially valuable resource for monitoring habitual dietary intake among Aboriginal adults and supporting chronic disease prevention and management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Abu-Saad
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52126, Israel
| | - Moran Accos
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52126, Israel
| | - Arnona Ziv
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52126, Israel
| | - Fiona Collins
- South West Aboriginal Medical Service, Bunbury, WA 6230, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia;
| | - Carrington Shepherd
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia;
| | - Sandra Eades
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ofra Kalter-Leibovici
- Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52126, Israel
- Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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3
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Yarning about Diet: The Applicability of Dietary Assessment Methods in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians-A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030787. [PMID: 36771491 PMCID: PMC9919225 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional dietary assessment methods are based predominately on Western models which lack Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledges, methodologies, and social and cultural contextualisation. This review considered dietary assessment methods used with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations and assessed their applicability. Four electronic databases and grey literature were searched with no time limit applied to the results. Screening, data extraction and quality appraisal were undertaken independently by two reviewers. Out of 22 studies, 20 were conducted in rural/remote settings, one in an urban setting, and one at the national population level. The most frequently used and applicable dietary assessment method involved store data. Weighed food records and food frequency questionnaires had low applicability. Modifications of conventional methods were commonly used to adapt to Indigenous practices, but few studies incorporated Indigenous research methodologies such as yarning. This highlights an opportunity for further investigation to validate the accuracy of methods that incorporate qualitative yarning-based approaches, or other Indigenous research methodologies, into quantitative data collection. The importance of developing validated dietary assessment methods that are appropriate for this population cannot be understated considering the high susceptibility to nutrition-related health conditions such as malnutrition, overweight or obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
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4
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Blumfield M, McConnell A, Petocz P, Rouf A, Duve E, Teasdale SB, Marshall S, Fayet-Moore F. Relationship between discretionary food intake and sex, body image, health, and geographical remoteness among Indigenous Australian adolescents. Nutr Diet 2023; 80:73-84. [PMID: 35293114 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Determine the discretionary energy intake of Indigenous Australian adolescents and its relationship with sex, body image, health, and geographical remoteness. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 2012 to 2013 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n = 264, 15-17 years). Dietary data were collected using an Automated Multiple-Pass Method, anthropometric data by trained interviewers; self-perceived measures of body weight, level of satisfaction with current weight, and self-assessed health were self-reported. General linear models were used to investigate predictors. RESULTS Discretionary energy intake contributed 35.4% and 54.2% of total energy intake for males and females, respectively, primarily from the sub-groups: soft drinks; pastries; potatoes; sugar, honey and syrups; cordials; and potato snacks. Discretionary energy intake was associated with higher energy intake (p < 0.001) and self-perceived body weight (p = 0.022), while sex had significant interactions with self-assessed health (psex = 0.005), satisfaction with current weight (psex < 0.001), and geographical remoteness (psex = 0.007). Contribution of discretionary energy intake to total energy intake was greatest for males with an increased risk of metabolic complications (50% vs. 37%; p > 0.05), those who perceived themselves to be overweight (56% vs. 27%; p < 0.001), and those who were dissatisfied with their weight (56% vs. 19%; p < 0.001), compared to females. No differences were found by dieting status, risk of metabolic complications, and under-reporting of energy intake. CONCLUSIONS Discretionary energy intake was excessive among Indigenous Australian adolescents and had relationships with self-perceived health, weight satisfaction, and geographical remoteness, which was moderated by sex. To successfully reduce discretionary food intake among Indigenous Australian adolescents, further research is required to develop sex specific and culturally appropriate strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Blumfield
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew McConnell
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Petocz
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anika Rouf
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emily Duve
- Department of Translational Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott B Teasdale
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Skye Marshall
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Flavia Fayet-Moore
- Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
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5
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Tartaglia J, Giglia R, Darby J. Developing culturally appropriate food literacy resources for Aboriginal children with Foodbank WA's Superhero Foods ®. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 33 Suppl 1:150-162. [PMID: 35194892 PMCID: PMC9790422 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED In Australia, food sovereignty of traditional landowners has been marginalised by the globalisation of food systems and resulted in limited opportunities for children to experience familiar bush tucker foods as healthy choices, particularly in a school environment. Superhero Foods® themed teaching resources focus on the development of nutrition education materials that included traditional Aboriginal foods together with contemporary foods readily available in regional/remote communities. METHODS Consultation with an Aboriginal expert and Aboriginal artist; local, regional/remote teachers and stakeholders informed the development of tailored resources including food cartoon characters, school lesson plans and a storybook. The latter was guided by a resource development model. Users of the resources were surveyed to ascertain the useability, alignment with the Australian Dietary Guidelines, cross-curricular learnings and cultural relevance. RESULTS Respondents across regional/remote and urban locations completed a lesson plan and food character (clipart) survey (N = 51) and storybook survey (N = 14). Respondents advised the resources were relevant, enjoyable, engaging and culturally appropriate for all students regardless of Aboriginality. The resources provided learning opportunities for all children to enhance knowledge about Aboriginal culture and bush foods. Independent evaluation has further indicated the translation of messaging into student's knowledge and learning. CONCLUSIONS Key enablers to the success of the resource included; free online access, the highly engaging nature of the resources and adaptability to be implemented across a number of Aboriginal language groups in WA. Ensuring visual representation of healthy choices was fundamental to reinforcing nutrition messaging. Superhero Foods resources are a positive and important inclusion in the health promotion toolbox for Aboriginal children. SO WHAT?: Superhero Foods are novel nutrition education resources depicting Aboriginal foods and Aboriginal children. These food literacy resources will engage children's understanding of Aboriginal culture, improve food literacy and strengthen equitable access for regional and remote communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jill Darby
- School of Medical and Health ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupAustralia
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6
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A Socio-Cognitive Review of Healthy Eating Programs in Australian Indigenous Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159314. [PMID: 35954672 PMCID: PMC9367833 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to understand the challenges to healthy eating for Indigenous Australians using a Social Cognitive Theory lens. Understanding the environmental, cognitive, and behavioural barriers to healthy eating for Indigenous populations in Australia will help identify current gaps and highlight future actions needed in this area to close the gap for Indigenous Australians. Study design: Narrative review of interventions of healthy eating programs in Australian Indigenous communities sourced using a systematic search protocol to understand the environmental, cognitive, and behavioural barriers to healthy eating among Indigenous Australians and to identify gaps and future actions needed to address this from 2010–2020. Results: The search produced 486 records, after duplicates were removed and the inclusion and exclusion process were utilised, seven interventions were retained in nine studies. The seven interventions had multiple study designs, from randomised control trials to case studies. Conclusions: Further work needs to explore the long-term feasibility of providing fruit and vegetable discounts and the impact of remoteness for the delivery of healthy food. Dietary interventions need to be clearly described, and fidelity and process of the design and implementation process to help with replication of work.
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7
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Blekkenhorst LC, Ride K, Wallace R, Eades S, McAullay D, Godrich SL. Healthy lifestyle initiatives for increasing fruit and vegetable intake among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples: a rapid review. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 47:115-123. [PMID: 34797739 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adequate fruit and vegetable intake is key to reducing chronic disease risk among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. This rapid review collated evidence on healthy lifestyle initiatives that focused on increasing fruit and vegetable intake among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples residing in major cities. Due to limited studies conducted within major cities, we extended our inclusion criteria to regional and remote areas. Sixteen studies were included. Five (31%) studies were rated as good quality (least risk of bias), ten (63%) were rated as fair, and one (6%) was rated as poor (significant risk of bias). Five (31%) studies employed participatory research in the design and/or execution, and seven (44%) studies included minimal community involvement. Only five (31%) studies were undertaken in major cities; four of these combined major cities with regional and/or remote areas. All five studies reported positive findings, such as an increase in fresh fruit availability, usage of fresh vegetables, or self-reported fruit and vegetable intake. This review provides evidence confirming the need for high-quality healthy lifestyle initiatives to increase fruit and vegetable intake targeted at Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples living in major cities. This evidence will assist community organisations in designing effective health promotion interventions, providing insight into improving the structure and function of such programs. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020194522 Novelty • Five studies were undertaken in major cities and all reported positive findings; only one study was rated as good quality. • Presented data supports the need for high-quality studies to be conducted among those residing in major cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Edith Cowan University, 2498, Institute for Nutrition Research, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,The University of Western Australia, 2720, Medical School, Perth, Australia.,Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;
| | - Katherine Ride
- Edith Cowan University, 2498, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Joondalup, Australia;
| | - Ruth Wallace
- Edith Cowan University, 2498, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Joondalup, Australia;
| | - Sandra Eades
- Curtin University, 1649, Medical School , Perth, Australia;
| | - Daniel McAullay
- Edith Cowan University, 2498, Kurongkurl Katitjin, Mount Lawley, Australia;
| | - Stephanie L Godrich
- Edith Cowan University, 2498, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bunbury, Western Australia, Australia;
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8
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Arini HRB, Hadju V, Thomas P, Ferguson M. Nutrient and Food Intake of Indonesian Children Under 5 Years of Age: A Systematic Review. Asia Pac J Public Health 2021; 34:25-35. [PMID: 34636257 DOI: 10.1177/10105395211041001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Indonesian Government's targets to reduce the prevalence of child malnutrition are unlikely to be met based on current progress. Adequate dietary intake is key to meeting these targets. This systematic review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the nutrient and food intake of Indonesian children under 5 years of age. Peer-reviewed and gray literature published between 2007 and 2019 were collected. Of 1500 records, 38 articles met the study inclusion criteria and a narrative analysis was conducted. Children under 5 years were reported to have ranging energy and macronutrient intakes, some with adequate protein intake. Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamin C, were reported. Animal-source foods, fruits, and vegetables were consumed by children, but frequency and/or volume of consumption was low, and it is among the probable causes of micronutrient deficiency among children under 5 years. The absence of reporting micronutrient intake in the national survey limited evidence to inform nutrition-related policies. The implementation of a national micronutrient survey will be beneficial in informing policy and practice aimed at reducing the prevalence of child malnutrition in line with national targets, through improvement in dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesti Retno Budi Arini
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Research Institute of Socio-Economic Development, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Veni Hadju
- Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Preetha Thomas
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan Ferguson
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
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9
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Maternal Diet Influences Fetal Growth but Not Fetal Kidney Volume in an Australian Indigenous Pregnancy Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020569. [PMID: 33572217 PMCID: PMC7914647 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Suboptimal nutrition during pregnancy is recognised as a significant modifiable determinant in the development of chronic disease in offspring in later life. The current study aimed: (i) to assess the dietary intakes of pregnant Indigenous Australian women against national recommendations and (ii) to investigate the associations between maternal nutrition during pregnancy and the growth of the offspring, including kidney development in late gestation in the Gomeroi gaaynggal cohort (n = 103). Maternal dietary intake in the third trimester was assessed using the Australian Eating Survey Food Frequency Questionnaire. Estimated fetal weight (EFW) and kidney size were obtained by ultrasound. Birth weight was retrieved from hospital birth records. Of the five key nutrients for optimal reproductive health (folate, iron, calcium, zinc and fibre), the nutrients with the highest percentage of pregnant women achieving the nutrient reference values (NRVs) were zinc (75.7%) and folate (57.3%), whereas iron was the lowest. Only four people achieved all NRVs (folate, iron, calcium, zinc and fibre) important in pregnancy. Sodium and saturated fat intake exceeded recommended levels and diet quality was low, with a median score of 28 out of 73 points. After adjusting for smoking and pre-pregnancy body mass index, only maternal intake of retinol equivalents and the proportion of energy from nutrient-dense or energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) foods were associated with fetal growth. EFW decreased by 0.13 g and birth weight decreased by 0.24 g for every µg increase in maternal dietary retinol intake. Interestingly, EFW, but not actual birth weight, was positively associated with percentage energy from nutrient dense foods and negatively associated with percentage energy from EDNP foods. Dietary supplement usage was associated with increased birthweight, most significantly iron and folate supplementation. Current dietary intakes of pregnant Australian women from this cohort do not align with national guidelines. Furthermore, current findings show that maternal retinol intake and diet composition during pregnancy can influence fetal growth, but not fetal kidney growth in late gestation. Strategies that aim to support and optimise nutrient intakes of Indigenous pregnant women are urgently needed. Future studies with long-term follow-up of the children in the current cohort to assess renal damage and blood pressure are imperative.
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10
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McCartan J, van Burgel E, McArthur I, Testa S, Thurn E, Funston S, Kho A, McMahon E, Brimblecombe J. Traditional Food Energy Intake among Indigenous Populations in Select High-Income Settler-Colonized Countries: A Systematic Literature Review. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa163. [PMID: 33274307 PMCID: PMC7695808 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional diets of Indigenous Peoples globally have undergone a major transition due to settler colonialism. This systematic review aims to provide a perspective of traditional food intake of Indigenous populations in high-income settler-colonized countries. For inclusion, studies reported the primary outcome of interest-traditional food contribution to total energy intake (% of energy)-and occurred in Canada, the United States (including Hawaii and Alaska), New Zealand, Australia, and/or Scandinavian countries. Primary outcome data were reported and organized by date of data collection by country. Forty-nine articles published between 1987 and 2019 were identified. Wide variation in contribution of traditional food to energy was reported. A trend for decreasing traditional food energy intake over time was apparent; however, heterogeneity in study populations and dietary assessment methods limited conclusive evaluation of this. This review may inform cross-sectoral policy to protect the sustainable utilization of traditional food for Indigenous Peoples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia McCartan
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma van Burgel
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isobelle McArthur
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharni Testa
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Thurn
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Funston
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angel Kho
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma McMahon
- Menzies School of Health Research, Spring Hill, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie Brimblecombe
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Royal Darwin Hospital Campus, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia
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11
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Rewa J, Devine A, Godrich S. South West Food Community: understanding systemic change, and its associated challenges and successes, among food security projects. Aust N Z J Public Health 2020; 44:493-501. [PMID: 33044798 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The South West Food Community (SWFC) project (2018) aimed to identify initiatives working to support food security in the South West region of Western Australia, and to enhance how these initiatives functioned as a system. The SWFC project used a Systemic Innovation Lab approach that, prior to this study, had not been evaluated. This evaluation aimed to: i) measure system transitions (changes) to initiatives; and ii) understand the challenges and successes associated with system transitions. METHODS SWFC initiative leaders (n=46) such as directors, managers or coordinators, volunteers or committee members were invited to participate in this evaluation. Fifteen stakeholders completed the telephone interviews (32% response rate). RESULTS Twenty-five desirable changes in practice were observed. Challenge and success statements determined themes of 'participation' and 'bureaucracy'. Participation sub-themes included: limited time; poor initiative attendance; community support; organisational support; and effective partnerships. Bureaucracy sub-themes included: regulation or policy requirements; limited resources; and funding opportunities. CONCLUSION The Australian-first SWFC project has the capacity to support region-to-region comparisons; this evaluation increases evidence for scaling to other regions. Implications for public health: This approach can be used to increase collaboration between initiatives, support resource-sharing between organisations and enhance policies (at local government level) to support food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Rewa
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia
| | - Amanda Devine
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia
| | - Stephanie Godrich
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia
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12
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Wilson A, Wilson R, Delbridge R, Tonkin E, Palermo C, Coveney J, Hayes C, Mackean T. Resetting the Narrative in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Nutrition Research. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa080. [PMID: 32467866 PMCID: PMC7241202 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the oldest continuous living civilizations in the world, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have strength, tenacity, and resilience. Initial colonization of the landscape included violent dispossession and removal of people from Country to expand European land tenure and production systems, loss of knowledge holders through frontier violence, and formal government policies of segregation and assimilation designed to destroy ontological relationships with Country and kin. The ongoing manifestations of colonialism continue to affect food systems and food knowledges of Aboriginal peoples, and have led to severe health inequities and disproportionate rates of nutrition-related health conditions. There is an urgent need to collaborate with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to address nutrition and its underlying determinants in a way that integrates Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples' understandings of food and food systems, health, healing, and well-being. We use the existing literature to discuss current ways that Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are portrayed in the literature in relation to nutrition, identify knowledge gaps that require further research, and propose a new way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Wilson
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Roland Wilson
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robyn Delbridge
- Department of Health Professions, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma Tonkin
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Claire Palermo
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Coveney
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Colleen Hayes
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tamara Mackean
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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13
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Longmore DK, Barr ELM, Barzi F, Lee IL, Kirkwood M, Connors C, Boyle J, O'Dea K, Zimmet P, Oats J, Catalano P, McIntyre HD, Brown ADH, Shaw JE, Maple-Brown LJ. Social and economic factors, maternal behaviours in pregnancy and neonatal adiposity in the PANDORA cohort. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 161:108028. [PMID: 31962087 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Australian Indigenous women experience high rates of social disadvantage and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in pregnancy, but it is not known how social factors and maternal behaviours impact neonatal adiposity in offspring of women with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. METHODS Participants were Indigenous (n = 404) and Europid (n = 240) women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or T2D in pregnancy and their offspring in the Pregnancy and Neonatal Diabetes Outcomes in Remote Australia (PANDORA) study. Social, economic factors, and maternal behaviours were measured in pregnancy and six neonatal anthropometric outcomes were examined after birth. RESULTS On univariate analysis, maternal education < 12 years (p = 0.03), unemployment (p = 0.001), welfare income vs no welfare income (p = 0.001), lower area based socio-economic score (p < 0.001), and fast food intake > 2 times/week (p = 0.002) were associated with increased sum of skinfolds (SSF) in offspring. Smoking was significantly associated with a reduction in anthropometric measures, except SSF. In multivariable models adjusted for ethnicity, BMI and hyperglycaemia, social and economic factors were no longer significant predictors of neonatal outcomes. Smoking was independently associated with a reduction in length, head circumference and fat free mass. Frequent fast food intake remained independently associated with SSF (β-coefficient 1.08 mm, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION In women with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy, social factors were associated with neonatal adiposity, particularly skinfold measures. Promoting smoking cessation and limited intake of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods in pregnancy are important to improve neonatal adiposity and lean mass outcomes. Addressing inequities in social and economic factors are likely to be important, particularly for Indigenous women or women experiencing social disadvantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle K Longmore
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia; Division of Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Western Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L M Barr
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Federica Barzi
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia
| | - I-Lynn Lee
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia
| | - Marie Kirkwood
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia
| | | | - Jacqueline Boyle
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia; Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kerin O'Dea
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Jeremy Oats
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - H David McIntyre
- Mater Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alex D H Brown
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Louise J Maple-Brown
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, NT, Australia; Division of Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, NT, Australia.
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14
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Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among Indigenous Australian children aged 0-3 years and association with sociodemographic, life circumstances and health factors. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:295-308. [PMID: 31455456 PMCID: PMC6988377 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019001812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore beverage intake and associations between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and sociodemographic, life circumstances, health and well-being factors in a national cohort of Indigenous children. Design: We calculated prevalence ratios for any SSB consumption across exposures, using multilevel Poisson regression (robust variance), adjusted for age group and remoteness. A key informant focus group contextualised these exploratory findings. Setting: Diverse settings across Australia. Participants: Families of Indigenous children aged 0–3 years, in the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children. Results: Half (50·7 %, n 473/933) of children had ever consumed SSB at survey, increasing from 29·3 % of 0–12-month-olds to 65·7 % of 18–36-month-olds. SSB consumption prevalence was significantly lower in urban and regional v. remote areas, and in families experiencing socio-economic advantage (area-level advantage, caregiver employed, financial security), better life circumstances (caregiver social support, limited exposure to stressors) and caregiver well-being (non-smoking, social and emotional well-being, physical health). SSB consumption prevalence was significantly lower among those engaged with health services (adequate health-service access, regular prenatal check-ups), except SSB consumption prevalence was higher among those who received home visits from an Aboriginal Health Worker compared with no home visits. Key informants highlighted the role of water quality/safety on SSB consumption. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of Indigenous children in this sample consumed SSB from an early age. Health provider information needs to be relevant to the context of families’ lives. Health system strategies must be paired with upstream strategies, such as holistic support programmes for families, reducing racism and improving water quality.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pacific Island countries are experiencing a high burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases; and consumption of fat, sugar and salt are important modifiable risk factors contributing to this. The present study systematically reviewed and summarized available literature on dietary intakes of fat, sugar and salt in the Pacific Islands. DESIGN Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and GlobalHealth) were searched from 2005 to January 2018. Grey literature was also searched and key stakeholders were consulted for additional information. Study eligibility was assessed by two authors and quality was evaluated using a modified tool for assessing dietary intake studies. RESULTS Thirty-one studies were included, twenty-two contained information on fat, seventeen on sugar and fourteen on salt. Dietary assessment methods varied widely and six different outcome measures for fat, sugar and salt intake - absolute intake, household expenditure, percentage contribution to energy intake, sources, availability and dietary behaviours - were used. Absolute intake of fat ranged from 25·4 g/d in Solomon Islands to 98·9 g/d in Guam, while salt intake ranged from 5·6 g/d in Kiribati to 10·3 g/d in Fiji. Only Guam reported on absolute sugar intake (47·3 g/d). Peer-reviewed research studies used higher-quality dietary assessment methods, while reports from national surveys had better participation rates but mostly utilized indirect methods to quantify intake. CONCLUSIONS Despite the established and growing crisis of diet-related diseases in the Pacific, there is inadequate evidence about what Pacific Islanders are eating. Pacific Island countries need nutrition monitoring systems to fully understand the changing diets of Pacific Islanders and inform effective policy interventions.
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16
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Lee YQ, Collins CE, Schumacher TL, Weatherall LJ, Keogh L, Sutherland K, Gordon A, Rae KM, Pringle KG. Disparities exist between the dietary intake of Indigenous Australian women during pregnancy and the Australian dietary guidelines: the
Gomeroi gaaynggal
study. J Hum Nutr Diet 2018; 31:473-485. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Q. Lee
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - C. E. Collins
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- School of Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - T. L. Schumacher
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Gomeroi gaaynggal Centre Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Department of Rural Health University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
| | - L. J. Weatherall
- Gomeroi gaaynggal Centre Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
| | - L. Keogh
- Gomeroi gaaynggal Centre Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
| | - K. Sutherland
- Gomeroi gaaynggal Centre Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
| | - A. Gordon
- Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Australia
| | - K. M. Rae
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Gomeroi gaaynggal Centre Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Department of Rural Health University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - K. G. Pringle
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Gomeroi gaaynggal Centre Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Tamworth NSW Australia
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