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Chand S, Tripathi AS, Dewani AP, Sheikh NWA. Molecular targets for management of diabetes: Remodelling of white adipose to brown adipose tissue. Life Sci 2024; 345:122607. [PMID: 38583857 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterised metabolic dysfunction that results in elevated glucose level in the bloodstream. Diabetes is of two types, type1 and type 2 diabetes. Obesity is considered as one of the major reasons intended for incidence of diabetes hence it turns out to be essential to study about the adipose tissue which is responsible for fat storage in body. Adipose tissues play significant role in maintaining the balance between energy stabilization and homeostasis. The three forms of adipose tissue are - White adipose tissue (WAT), Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and Beige adipose tissue (intermediate form). The amount of BAT gets reduced, and WAT starts to increase with the age. WAT when exposed to certain stimuli gets converted to BAT by the help of certain transcriptional regulators. The browning of WAT has been a matter of study to treat the metabolic disorders and to initiate the expenditure of energy. The three main regulators responsible for the browning of WAT are PRDM16, PPARγ and PGC-1α via various cellular and molecular mechanism. Presented review article includes the detailed elaborative aspect of genes and proteins involved in conversion of WAT to BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushmita Chand
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Shiomurti Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology, ERA College of Pharmacy, ERA University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anil P Dewani
- Department of Pharmacology, P. Wadhwani College of Pharmacy, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India
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Tomar MS, Kumar A, Shrivastava A. Mitochondrial metabolism as a dynamic regulatory hub to malignant transformation and anti-cancer drug resistance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 694:149382. [PMID: 38128382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Glycolysis is the fundamental cellular process that permits cancer cells to convert energy and grow anaerobically. Recent developments in molecular biology have made it evident that mitochondrial respiration is critical to tumor growth and treatment response. As the principal organelle of cellular energy conversion, mitochondria can rapidly alter cellular metabolic processes, thereby fueling malignancies and contributing to treatment resistance. This review emphasizes the significance of mitochondrial biogenesis, turnover, DNA copy number, and mutations in bioenergetic system regulation. Tumorigenesis requires an intricate cascade of metabolic pathways that includes rewiring of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, supply of intermediate metabolites of the TCA cycle through amino acids, and the interaction between mitochondria and lipid metabolism. Cancer recurrence or resistance to therapy often results from the cooperation of several cellular defense mechanisms, most of which are connected to mitochondria. Many clinical trials are underway to assess the effectiveness of inhibiting mitochondrial respiration as a potential cancer therapeutic. We aim to summarize innovative strategies and therapeutic targets by conducting a comprehensive review of recent studies on the relationship between mitochondrial metabolism, tumor development and therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manendra Singh Tomar
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhopal, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, 462020, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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3
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Javadi B, Sobhani Z. Role of apigenin in targeting metabolic syndrome: A systematic review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:524-534. [PMID: 38629096 PMCID: PMC11017844 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.71539.15558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that has a high prevalence worldwide. Apigenin is a flavonoid present in several vegetables and fruits and has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-MetS properties. This study aims to systematically review the effects of apigenin against MetS and the relevant molecular and cellular mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics features, and potential structure-activity relationship. Electronic databases including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct and Cochrane Library were searched for in vivo, and in vitro, and human studies with the following keywords: "apigenin" and "metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance syndrome", "fatty liver", "hypertension or blood pressure", "diabetes or blood glucose", "dyslipidemia", "heart or cardiovascular " and "obesity" in title/abstract. Data were collected from 2000 until 2021 (up to April). Only papers published in the English language were included. Forty-six full-text articles out of 1016 retrieved papers were reviewed and underwent quality assessment by investigators. Anti-obesity activity of apigenin is mainly through attenuating adipocyte differentiation by suppressing the mitotic clonal expansion and the adipogenesis-related factors. Its anti-diabetic effects can be exerted through inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase1B expression, maintaining the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes, reducing intracellular ROS production, cellular DNA damage, protein carbonylation, and attenuating β-cell apoptosis. Moreover, apigenin could attenuate dyslipidemia and subsequent atherosclerotic conditions through down-regulating sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP)-1c, SREBP-2, stearyl-CoA desaturase-1, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase. Apigenin as a dietary bioactive compound would be a promising candidate for improving MetS and its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behjat Javadi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Sobhani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Hachiya K, Deguchi Y, Hirata T, Arikawa T, Fukai H, Esashi T, Nagasawa K, Mizunoe Y, Nozaki Y, Kobayashi M, Higami Y. Obesity-induced PARIS (ZNF746) accumulation in adipose progenitor cells leads to attenuated mitochondrial biogenesis and impaired adipogenesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22990. [PMID: 38151567 PMCID: PMC10752882 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49996-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is critical for whole-body energy metabolism, and its dysfunction leads to various metabolic disorders. In recent years, many studies have suggested that impaired mitochondria may contribute to obesity-related decline in adipose tissue function, but the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate these mechanisms, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of WAT from mice with diet-induced obesity. We discovered the transcription factor Parkin interactive substrate (PARIS or ZNF746), which suppresses the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, to be accumulated in adipose progenitor cells from obese mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with overexpression of PARIS protein exhibited decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and impaired adipogenesis. Our results suggest that the accumulation of PARIS protein may be a novel component in the pathogenesis of obesity-related dysfunction in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hachiya
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Deguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takuro Hirata
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoya Arikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroto Fukai
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Esashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kota Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuhei Mizunoe
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuka Nozaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan.
- Division of Cell Fate Regulation, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan.
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5
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Shimokawa I. Mechanisms underlying retardation of aging by dietary energy restriction. Pathol Int 2023; 73:579-592. [PMID: 37975408 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Moderate restriction of dietary energy intake, referred to here as dietary restriction (DR), delays aging and extends lifespan in experimental animals compared with a diet of ad libitum feeding (AL) control animals. Basic knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the effects of DR could be applicable to extending the healthspan in humans. This review highlights the importance of forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors downstream of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling in the effects of DR. Our lifespan studies in mice with heterozygous Foxo1 or Foxo3 gene knockout indicated differential roles of FoxO1 and FoxO3 in the tumor-inhibiting and life-extending effects of DR. Subsequent studies suggested a critical role of FoxO3 in metabolic and mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptation to DR. Our studies also verified hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (Npy) as a vital neuropeptide showing pleiotropic and sexually dimorphic effects for extending the healthspan in the context of nutritional availability. Npy was necessary for DR to exert its effects in male and female mice; meanwhile, under AL conditions, the loss of Npy prevented obesity and insulin resistance only in female mice. Overnutrition disrupts FoxO- and Npy-associated metabolic and mitochondrial bioenergetic adaptive processes, causing the acceleration of aging and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Shimokawa
- Department of Pathology I, Nagasaki University School of Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- SAGL, LLC, Fukuoka, Japan
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Xiao L, Liang C, Gao J, Wang Y, Guo Y, Chen K, Jia X. Cefminox sodium alleviates the high-fat high-sugar-fed mice's hepatic fatty accumulation via multiple pathways. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21973. [PMID: 38027801 PMCID: PMC10658294 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) starves for effective therapy, but no agent has been approved yet. We sought to evaluate the therapy of cefminox sodium (CMNX) on fatty accumulation in animal and cell models and explore the underlying mechanisms. The results revealed that CMNX reduced the gain of the liver and alleviated fatty accumulation both in high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHSD) mice's livers and WRL-68 cells. In HFHSD mice's livers and FFAs exposure hepatic cells, ACC1, SREBP-1c, and CYP2E1 were enhanced expression, which were reversed by CMNX treatment. In addition, PPARγ, PPARα, PCK1, and ACSL4 expressions were increased in CMNX-treated WRL-68 cells. These findings suggest that CMNX improves fatty accumulation in HFHSD mice/hepatic cells by restraining fatty acid synthesis and facilitating fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leming Xiao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengrui Liang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Gao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanzi Guo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi Traditional University, Xianyang, China
| | - Kan Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Jia
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Elmansi AM, Miller RA. Coordinated transcriptional upregulation of oxidative metabolism proteins in long-lived endocrine mutant mice. GeroScience 2023; 45:2967-2981. [PMID: 37273159 PMCID: PMC10643730 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR), which extends lifespan in rodents, leads to increased hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), with parallel changes in proteins and their mRNAs. Genetic mutants that extend lifespan, including growth hormone receptor knockout (GHRKO) and Snell dwarf (SD) mice, have lower respiratory quotient, suggesting increased reliance on fatty acid oxidation, but the molecular mechanism(s) of this metabolic shift have not yet been worked out. Here we show that both GHRKO and SD mice have significantly higher mRNA and protein levels of enzymes involved in mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation. In addition, multiple subunits of OXPHOS complexes I-IV are upregulated in GHRKO and SD livers, and Complex V subunit ATP5a is upregulated in liver of GHRKO mice. Expression of these genes is regulated by a group of nuclear receptors and transcription factors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and estrogen-related receptors (ERRs). We found that levels of these nuclear receptors and their co-activator PGC-1α were unchanged or downregulated in liver of GHRKO and SD mice. In contrast, NCOR1, a co-repressor for the same receptors, was significantly downregulated in the two long-lived mouse models, suggesting a plausible mechanism for the changes in FAO and OXPHOS proteins. Hepatic levels of HDAC3, a co-factor for NCOR1 transcriptional repression, were also downregulated. The role of NCOR1 is well established in the contexts of cancer and metabolic disease, but may provide new mechanistic insights into metabolic control in long-lived mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elmansi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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8
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Otani Y, Nozaki Y, Mizunoe Y, Kobayashi M, Higami Y. Effect of mitochondrial quantity and quality controls in white adipose tissue on healthy lifespan: Essential roles of GH/IGF-1-independent pathways in caloric restriction-mediated metabolic remodeling. Pathol Int 2023; 73:479-489. [PMID: 37606202 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Long-term caloric restriction is a conventional and reproducible dietary intervention to improve whole body metabolism, suppress age-related pathophysiology, and extend lifespan. The beneficial actions of caloric restriction are widely accepted to be regulated in both growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1-dependent and -independent manners. Although growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1-dependent regulatory mechanisms are well described, those occurring independent of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 are poorly understood. In this review, we focus on molecular mechanisms of caloric restriction regulated in a growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1-independent manner. Caloric restriction increases mitochondrial quantity and improves mitochondrial quality by activating an axis involving sterol regulatory element binding protein-c/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α/mitochondrial intermediate peptidase in a growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1-independent manner, particularly in white adipose tissue. Fibroblast growth factor 21 is also involved in this axis. Moreover, the axis may be regulated by lower leptin signaling. Thus, caloric restriction appears to induce beneficial actions partially by regulating mitochondrial quantity and quality in white adipose tissue in a growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1-independent manner.
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Grants
- Fostering Joint International Research (B) / 20KK0 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) / 17H0217 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) / 20H0413 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuina Otani
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuka Nozaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuhei Mizunoe
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
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Chiang CH, Li SJ, Lin YH, Wang PY, Hsu PS, Lin SP, Chiang TC, Chen CY. Early-onset caloric restriction alleviates ageing-associated steatohepatitis in male mice via restoring mitochondrial homeostasis. Biogerontology 2023; 24:391-401. [PMID: 36802043 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with ageing, and impaired mitochondrial homeostasis is the main cause for hepatic ageing. Caloric restriction (CR) is a promising therapeutic approach for fatty liver. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possibility of early-onset CR in decelerating the progression of ageing-related steatohepatitis. The putative mechanism associated with mitochondria was further determined. C57BL/6 male mice at 8 weeks of age were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: Young-AL (AL, ad libitum), Aged-AL, or Aged-CR (60% intake of AL). Mice were sacrificed when they were 7 months old (Young) or 20 months old (Aged). Aged-AL mice displayed the greatest body weight, liver weight, and liver relative weight among treatments. Steatosis, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and fibrosis coexisted in the aged liver. Mega mitochondria with short, randomly organized crista were noticed in the aged liver. The CR ameliorated these unfavourable outcomes. The level of hepatic ATP decreased with ageing, but this was reversed by CR. Ageing caused a decrease in mitochondrial-related protein expressions of respiratory chain complexes (NDUFB8 and SDHB) and fission (DRP1), but an increase in proteins related to mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM), and fusion (MFN2). CR reversed the expression of these proteins in the aged liver. Both Aged-CR and Young-AL revealed a comparable pattern of protein expression. To summarize, this study demonstrated the potential of early-onset CR in preventing ageing-associated steatohepatitis, and maintaining mitochondrial functions may contribute to CR's protection during hepatic ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Jin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu-Han Lin
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pu-Sheng Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chia Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Sec 3, Keelung Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan.
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10
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Vitamin A: A Key Inhibitor of Adipocyte Differentiation. PPAR Res 2023; 2023:7405954. [PMID: 36776154 PMCID: PMC9908342 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7405954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting adipocyte differentiation, the conversion of preadipocytes to mature functional adipocytes, might represent a new approach to treating obesity and related metabolic disorders. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α are two master coregulators controlling adipogenesis both in culture and in vivo. Many recent studies have confirmed the relationship between retinoic acid (RA) and the conversion of embryonic stem cells into adipocytes; however, these studies have shown that RA potently blocks the differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes. Nevertheless, the functional role of RA in early tissue development and stem cell differentiation, including in adipose tissue, remains unclear. This study highlights transcription factors that block adipocyte differentiation and maintain preadipocyte status, focusing on those controlled by RA. However, some of these novel adipogenesis inhibitors have not been validated in vivo, and their mechanisms of action require further clarification.
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Individual evaluation of aging- and caloric restriction-related changes to distinct multimeric complexes of circulating adiponectin by immunoblotting. Exp Gerontol 2022; 164:111821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Fahlbusch P, Nikolic A, Hartwig S, Jacob S, Kettel U, Köllmer C, Al-Hasani H, Lehr S, Müller-Wieland D, Knebel B, Kotzka J. Adaptation of Oxidative Phosphorylation Machinery Compensates for Hepatic Lipotoxicity in Early Stages of MAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126873. [PMID: 35743314 PMCID: PMC9224893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in mitochondrial function are an important control variable in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), while also noted by increased de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and hepatic insulin resistance. We hypothesized that the organization and function of a mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) in this pathologic condition is a consequence of shifted substrate availability. We addressed this question using a transgenic mouse model with increased hepatic insulin resistance and DNL due to constitutively active human SREBP-1c. The abundance of ETC complex subunits and components of key metabolic pathways are regulated in the liver of these animals. Further omics approaches combined with functional assays in isolated liver mitochondria and primary hepatocytes revealed that the SREBP-1c-forced fatty liver induced a substrate limitation for oxidative phosphorylation, inducing enhanced complex II activity. The observed increased expression of mitochondrial genes may have indicated a counteraction. In conclusion, a shift of available substrates directed toward activated DNL results in increased electron flows, mainly through complex II, to compensate for the increased energy demand of the cell. The reorganization of key compounds in energy metabolism observed in the SREBP-1c animal model might explain the initial increase in mitochondrial function observed in the early stages of human MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Nikolic
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Ulrike Kettel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Cornelia Köllmer
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Müller-Wieland
- Clinical Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-3382-536
| | - Jörg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (P.F.); (A.N.); (S.H.); (S.J.); (U.K.); (C.K.); (H.A.-H.); (S.L.); (J.K.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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13
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Pandey M, Bansal S, Chawla G. Evaluation of lifespan promoting effects of biofortified wheat in Drosophila melanogaster. Exp Gerontol 2022; 160:111697. [PMID: 35016996 PMCID: PMC7613042 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of nutritionally enhanced biofortified dietary interventions that increase lifespan may uncover cost-effective and sustainable approaches for treatment of age-related morbidities and increasing healthy life expectancy. In this study, we report that anthocyanin rich, high yielding crossbred blue wheat prolongs lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster in different dietary contexts. In addition to functioning as an antioxidant rich intervention, the biofortified blue wheat also works through modulating expression of DR pathway genes including AMPK alpha, SREBP, PEPCK and Cry. Supplementation with blue- or purple-colored wheat provided better protection against paraquat-induced oxidative stress than control diet and increased survivability of flies in which superoxide dismutase 2 was knocked down conditionally in adults. Lastly, our findings indicate that supplementing biofortified blue wheat formulated diet prevented the decrease in lifespan and cardiac structural pathologies associated with intake of high fat diet. Overall, our findings indicate that plant-based diets formulated with biofortified cereal crops promote healthy ageing and delay progression of diseases that are exacerbated by accumulation of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Pandey
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sakshi Bansal
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Geetanjali Chawla
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India.
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The genomics of ecological flexibility, large brains, and long lives in capuchin monkeys revealed with fecalFACS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2010632118. [PMID: 33574059 PMCID: PMC7896301 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010632118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Surviving challenging environments, living long lives, and engaging in complex cognitive processes are hallmark human characteristics. Similar traits have evolved in parallel in capuchin monkeys, but their genetic underpinnings remain unexplored. We developed and annotated a reference assembly for white-faced capuchin monkeys to explore the evolution of these phenotypes. By comparing populations of capuchins inhabiting rainforest versus dry forests with seasonal droughts, we detected selection in genes associated with kidney function, muscular wasting, and metabolism, suggesting adaptation to periodic resource scarcity. When comparing capuchins to other mammals, we identified evidence of selection in multiple genes implicated in longevity and brain development. Our research was facilitated by our method to generate high- and low-coverage genomes from noninvasive biomaterials. Ecological flexibility, extended lifespans, and large brains have long intrigued evolutionary biologists, and comparative genomics offers an efficient and effective tool for generating new insights into the evolution of such traits. Studies of capuchin monkeys are particularly well situated to shed light on the selective pressures and genetic underpinnings of local adaptation to diverse habitats, longevity, and brain development. Distributed widely across Central and South America, they are inventive and extractive foragers, known for their sensorimotor intelligence. Capuchins have among the largest relative brain size of any monkey and a lifespan that exceeds 50 y, despite their small (3 to 5 kg) body size. We assemble and annotate a de novo reference genome for Cebus imitator. Through high-depth sequencing of DNA derived from blood, various tissues, and feces via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (fecalFACS) to isolate monkey epithelial cells, we compared genomes of capuchin populations from tropical dry forests and lowland rainforests and identified population divergence in genes involved in water balance, kidney function, and metabolism. Through a comparative genomics approach spanning a wide diversity of mammals, we identified genes under positive selection associated with longevity and brain development. Additionally, we provide a technological advancement in the use of noninvasive genomics for studies of free-ranging mammals. Our intra- and interspecific comparative study of capuchin genomics provides insights into processes underlying local adaptation to diverse and physiologically challenging environments, as well as the molecular basis of brain evolution and longevity.
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15
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Qin YS, Li H, Wang SZ, Wang ZB, Tang CK. Microtubule affinity regulating kinase 4: A promising target in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:86-97. [PMID: 34289095 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule affinity regulating kinase 4 (MARK4), an important member of the serine/threonine kinase family, regulates the phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins and thus modulates microtubule dynamics. In human atherosclerotic lesions, the expression of MARK4 is significantly increased. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that MARK4 exerts a proatherogenic effect via regulation of lipid metabolism (cholesterol, fatty acid, and triglyceride), inflammation, cell cycle progression and proliferation, insulin signaling, and glucose homeostasis, white adipocyte browning, and oxidative stress. In this review, we summarize the latest findings regarding the role of MARK4 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis to provide a rationale for future investigation and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Qin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Medical Instrument and equipment technology laboratory of Hengyang medical college, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Medical Instrument and equipment technology laboratory of Hengyang medical college, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shu-Zhi Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zong-Bao Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province,Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Medical Instrument and equipment technology laboratory of Hengyang medical college, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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16
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Kobayashi M, Deguchi Y, Nozaki Y, Higami Y. Contribution of PGC-1α to Obesity- and Caloric Restriction-Related Physiological Changes in White Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116025. [PMID: 34199596 PMCID: PMC8199692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α) regulates mitochondrial DNA replication and mitochondrial gene expression by interacting with several transcription factors. White adipose tissue (WAT) mainly comprises adipocytes that store triglycerides as an energy resource and secrete adipokines. The characteristics of WAT vary in response to systemic and chronic metabolic alterations, including obesity or caloric restriction. Despite a small amount of mitochondria in white adipocytes, accumulated evidence suggests that mitochondria are strongly related to adipocyte-specific functions, such as adipogenesis and lipogenesis, as well as oxidative metabolism for energy supply. Therefore, PGC-1α is expected to play an important role in WAT. In this review, we provide an overview of the involvement of mitochondria and PGC-1α with obesity- and caloric restriction-related physiological changes in adipocytes and WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (Y.H.); Tel.: +81-4-7121-3676 (M.K. & Y.H.)
| | - Yusuke Deguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yuka Nozaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.N.)
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (Y.H.); Tel.: +81-4-7121-3676 (M.K. & Y.H.)
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17
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Wang Z, Ohata Y, Watanabe Y, Yuan Y, Yoshii Y, Kondo Y, Nishizono S, Chiba T. Taurine Improves Lipid Metabolism and Increases Resistance to Oxidative Stress. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 66:347-356. [PMID: 32863308 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) by 30-40% decreases morbidity of age-related diseases and prolongs the lifespan of various laboratory animal species. Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an important nutrient for lipid metabolism as it conjugates bile acids. Here, we investigated how taurine supplementation induces effects similar to the CR beneficial effects. Sprague Dawley rats were fed a diet containing different taurine concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0%) to analyze the effects on growth, blood, and hepatic parameters. Rats fed a 5% taurine-supplemented diet showed a significant decrease in visceral fat weight, compared with control rats. Moreover, there were significant decreases in the serum total cholesterol, hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the taurine-supplemented groups compared with the control group in a dose-dependent manner. These results were associated with decreased mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase, and increased mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α. C57BL/6 mice were fed a 5.0% taurine-supplemented diet, and their response to 3-nitropropionic acid-induced oxidative stress was analyzed. The rate of weight loss due to oxidative stress decreased and the survival rate significantly increased in the taurine-supplemented groups compared with the control group. Finally, cells were treated with 100 μM taurine and their resistance to UV-induced oxidative stress was analyzed. We found that the p53-Chk1 pathway was less activated in taurine-treated cells compared with control cells. Furthermore, damage to cells evaluated by oxidative stress indicators revealed a reduction in oxidative damage with taurine treatment. These findings suggest that taurine partially acts as a CR mimetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wang
- Biomedical Gerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Yoshihisa Ohata
- Biomedical Gerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Yukari Watanabe
- Biomedical Gerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Yiwen Yuan
- Biomedical Gerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Yuki Yoshii
- Biomedical Gerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Yoshitaka Kondo
- Biomedical Gerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
| | - Shoko Nishizono
- Department of Applied Microbial Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University
| | - Takuya Chiba
- Biomedical Gerontology Laboratory, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University
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Kobayashi M, Nezu Y, Tagawa R, Higami Y. Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Responses in White Adipose Tissue: Lipoatrophy, Whole-Body Metabolism and Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062854. [PMID: 33799894 PMCID: PMC7998111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a stress response mediated by the expression of genes such as chaperones, proteases, and mitokines to maintain mitochondrial proteostasis. Certain genetically modified mice, which defect mitochondrial proteins specifically in adipocytes, developed atrophy of the white adipose tissue, resisted diet-induced obesity, and had altered whole-body metabolism. UPRmt, which has beneficial functions for living organisms, is termed "mitohormesis", but its specific characteristics and detailed regulatory mechanism have not been elucidated to date. In this review, we discuss the function of UPRmt in adipose atrophy (lipoatrophy), whole-body metabolism, and lifespan based on the concept of mitohormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Yuichiro Nezu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Ryoma Tagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.N.); (R.T.)
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.N.); (R.T.)
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-4-7121-3676
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La Russa D, Marrone A, Mandalà M, Macirella R, Pellegrino D. Antioxidant/Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Caloric Restriction in an Aged and Obese Rat Model: The Role of Adiponectin. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120532. [PMID: 33255520 PMCID: PMC7761007 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) represents a powerful intervention for extending healthspan and lifespan in several animal models, from yeast to primates. Additionally, in humans, CR has been found to induce cardiometabolic adaptations associated with improved health. In this study, we evaluated in an aged and obese rat model the effect of long-term (6 months) caloric restriction (−40%) on the oxidative/inflammatory balance in order to investigate the underlining mechanisms. In plasma, we analyzed the oxidative balance by photometric tests and the adiponectin/tumor necrosis factor-α-induced gene/protein 6 (TSG-6) levels by Western blot analysis. In the white adipose tissue, we examined the protein levels of AdipoR1, pAMPK, NFκB, NRF-2, and glutathione S-tranferase P1 by Western blot analysis. Our results clearly showed that caloric restriction significantly improves the plasmatic oxidative/inflammatory balance in parallel with a major increase in circulating adiponectin levels. Additionally, at the level of adipose tissue, we found a positive modulation of both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. These adaptations, induced by caloric restriction, with the achievement of normal weight, suggest that inflammatory and redox imbalance in obese aged rats appear to be more linked to obesity than to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele La Russa
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- LARSO (Analysis and Research on Oxidative Stress Laboratory), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Correspondence: (D.L.R.); (D.P.)
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- LARSO (Analysis and Research on Oxidative Stress Laboratory), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Maurizio Mandalà
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Rachele Macirella
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Daniela Pellegrino
- LARSO (Analysis and Research on Oxidative Stress Laboratory), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.M.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.L.R.); (D.P.)
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20
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ProNGF/p75NTR Axis Drives Fiber Type Specification by Inducing the Fast-Glycolytic Phenotype in Mouse Skeletal Muscle Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102232. [PMID: 33023189 PMCID: PMC7599914 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its undisputable role in the homeostatic regulation of the nervous system, the nerve growth factor (NGF) also governs the relevant cellular processes in other tissues and organs. In this study, we aimed at assessing the expression and the putative involvement of NGF signaling in skeletal muscle physiology. To reach this objective, we employed satellite cell-derived myoblasts as an in vitro culture model. In vivo experiments were performed on Tibialis anterior from wild-type mice and an mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Targets of interest were mainly assessed by means of morphological, Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis. The results show that proNGF is involved in myogenic differentiation. Importantly, the proNGF/p75NTR pathway orchestrates a slow-to-fast fiber type transition by counteracting the expression of slow myosin heavy chain and that of oxidative markers. Concurrently, proNGF/p75NTR activation facilitates the induction of fast myosin heavy chain and of fast/glycolytic markers. Furthermore, we also provided evidence that the oxidative metabolism is impaired in mdx mice, and that these alterations are paralleled by a prominent buildup of proNGF and p75NTR. These findings underline that the proNGF/p75NTR pathway may play a crucial role in fiber type determination and suggest its prospective modulation as an innovative therapeutic approach to counteract muscle disorders.
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Impacts of Calorie Restriction and Intermittent Fasting on Health and Diseases: Current Trends. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102948. [PMID: 32992924 PMCID: PMC7599444 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Kobayashi M, Higami Y. [Metabolic Alteration in Aging Process: Metabolic Remodeling in White Adipose Tissue by Caloric Restriction]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:383-389. [PMID: 32115557 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.19-00193-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) improves whole-body metabolism, suppresses various age-related pathophysiological changes, and extends lifespan. The beneficial actions of CR are regulated in growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signal-dependent and -independent manners. To clarify the GH/IGF-1-independent mechanism, we compared gene expression profiles in white adipose tissue (WAT) between CR and GH/IGF-1 suppression, and found that CR upregulated sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) regulatory gene expression. To validate the impact of SREBP-1c as a beneficial mediator of CR, we compared the responses to CR between wild-type and SREBP-1c knockout (KO) mice. CR extended lifespan, upregulated gene expression involved in FA biosynthesis, activated mitochondrial biogenesis, and suppressed oxidative stress predominantly in WAT. In contrast, most of these findings were not observed in KO mice. Furthermore, SREBP-1c was implicated in CR-associated mitochondrial activation through upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) regulates mitochondrial quality and is also involved in the beneficial actions of CR. We observed that CR upregulated the mature form of SIRT3 protein and mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (MIPEP), a mitochondrial signal peptidase (MtSPase), in WAT. MIPEP cleaved precursor form of SIRT3 to mature form, and activated certain mitochondrial matrix proteins, suggesting that MIPEP might contribute to maintenance of mitochondrial quality during CR via SIRT3 activation. Taken together, CR induces SREBP-1c-dependent metabolic remodeling, including enhancement of FA biosynthesis and mitochondrial activation, via PGC-1α, and improvement of mitochondria quality via Mipep in WAT, resulting in beneficial actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Department of Medical and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Department of Medical and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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Kobayashi M, Uta S, Otsubo M, Deguchi Y, Tagawa R, Mizunoe Y, Nakagawa Y, Shimano H, Higami Y. Srebp-1c/Fgf21/Pgc-1α Axis Regulated by Leptin Signaling in Adipocytes-Possible Mechanism of Caloric Restriction-Associated Metabolic Remodeling of White Adipose Tissue. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072054. [PMID: 32664386 PMCID: PMC7400870 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) improves whole body metabolism, suppresses age-related pathophysiology, and extends lifespan in rodents. Metabolic remodeling, including fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis, in white adipose tissue (WAT) plays an important role in the beneficial effects of CR. We have proposed that CR-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in WAT is mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), which is transcriptionally regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), a master regulator of FA biosynthesis. We have also proposed that the CR-associated upregulation of SREBP-1 and PGC-1α might result from the attenuation of leptin signaling and the upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in WAT. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we interrogate the regulatory mechanisms involving leptin signaling, SREBP-1c, FGF21, and PGC-1α using Srebp-1c knockout (KO) mice, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and 3T3-L1 adipocytes, by altering the expression of SREBP-1c or FGF21. We show that a reduction in leptin signaling induces the expression of proteins involved in FA biosynthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis via SREBP-1c in adipocytes. The upregulation of SREBP-1c activates PGC-1α transcription via FGF21, but it is unlikely that the FGF21-associated upregulation of PGC-1α expression is a predominant contributor to mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (S.U.); (M.O.); (Y.D.); (R.T)
| | - Seira Uta
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (S.U.); (M.O.); (Y.D.); (R.T)
| | - Minami Otsubo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (S.U.); (M.O.); (Y.D.); (R.T)
| | - Yusuke Deguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (S.U.); (M.O.); (Y.D.); (R.T)
| | - Ryoma Tagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (S.U.); (M.O.); (Y.D.); (R.T)
| | - Yuhei Mizunoe
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; (Y.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Yoshimi Nakagawa
- Division of Complex Biosystem Research, Department of Research and Development, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan; (Y.M.); (H.S.)
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 100-1004, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.K.); (S.U.); (M.O.); (Y.D.); (R.T)
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-4-7121-3676
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Cathepsin B overexpression induces degradation of perilipin 1 to cause lipid metabolism dysfunction in adipocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:634. [PMID: 31959889 PMCID: PMC6971249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, caused by the dysfunction of white adipose tissue (WAT), is reportedly accompanied by exacerbation of lipolysis. Perilipin 1 (PLIN1), which forms a coat around lipid droplets, interacts with several lipolysis proteins to regulate lipolysis. While it is known that perilipin family proteins are degraded in lysosomes, the underlying molecular mechanisms related to the downregulated expression of PLIN1 in obese WAT remain unknown. Recently, we found that lysosomal dysfunction originating from an abnormality of cathepsin B (CTSB), a lysosomal representative protease, occurs in obese WAT. Therefore, we investigated the effect of CTSB alterations on PLIN1 expression in obese WAT. PLIN1 protein disappeared and CTSB protein appeared in the cytoplasm of adipocytes in the early stage of obese WAT. Overexpression of CTSB reduced PLIN1 protein in 3T3L1 adipocytes, and treatment with a CTSB inhibitor significantly recovered this reduction. In addition, CTSB overexpression induced the dysfunction of lipolysis in 3T3L1 adipocytes. Therefore, we concluded that upregulation of CTSB induced the reduction of PLIN1 protein in obese WAT, resulting in lipolysis dysfunction. This suggests a novel pathology of lipid metabolism involving PLIN1 in adipocytes and that CTSB might be a therapeutic candidate molecule for obese WAT.
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25
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Hoshino S, Kobayashi M, Higami Y. Mechanisms of the anti-aging and prolongevity effects of caloric restriction: evidence from studies of genetically modified animals. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:2243-2251. [PMID: 30222593 PMCID: PMC6188494 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that caloric restriction (CR) extends lifespan and suppresses various pathophysiological changes. CR suppresses growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor signaling and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 activity, activates sirtuin and enhances mitochondrial redox regulation, but the exact mechanisms are still under debate. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of CR using evidence from studies of animals that were genetically modified according to recent advances in molecular and genetic technologies, from the viewpoint of the adaptive response hypothesis proposed by Holliday (1989). We then explain the beneficial actions of CR, classified according to whether they operate under feeding or fasting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Hoshino
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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26
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Hahn O, Drews LF, Nguyen A, Tatsuta T, Gkioni L, Hendrich O, Zhang Q, Langer T, Pletcher S, Wakelam MJO, Beyer A, Grönke S, Partridge L. A nutritional memory effect counteracts benefits of dietary restriction in old mice. Nat Metab 2019; 1:1059-1073. [PMID: 31742247 PMCID: PMC6861129 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) during adulthood can greatly extend lifespan and improve metabolic health in diverse species. However, whether DR in mammals is still effective when applied for the first time at old age remains elusive. Here, we report results of a late-life DR switch experiment employing 800 mice, in which 24 months old female mice were switched from ad libitum (AL) to DR or vice versa. Strikingly, the switch from DR-to-AL acutely increases mortality, whereas the switch from AL-to-DR causes only a weak and gradual increase in survival, suggesting a memory of earlier nutrition. RNA-seq profiling in liver, brown (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) demonstrate a largely refractory transcriptional and metabolic response to DR after AL feeding in fat tissue, particularly in WAT, and a proinflammatory signature in aged preadipocytes, which is prevented by chronic DR feeding. Our results provide evidence for a nutritional memory as a limiting factor for DR-induced longevity and metabolic remodeling of WAT in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa F Drews
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - An Nguyen
- Inositide lab, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Takashi Tatsuta
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisonia Gkioni
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Hendrich
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- Inositide lab, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Scott Pletcher
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and the Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Andreas Beyer
- Cellular Networks and Systems Biology, CECAD, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK.
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27
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Miller KN, Clark JP, Martin SA, Howell PR, Burhans MS, Haws SA, Johnson NB, Rhoads TW, Pavelec DM, Eliceiri KW, Roopra AS, Ntambi JM, Denu JM, Parks BW, Anderson RM. PGC-1a integrates a metabolism and growth network linked to caloric restriction. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12999. [PMID: 31267675 PMCID: PMC6718593 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleterious changes in energy metabolism have been linked to aging and disease vulnerability, while activation of mitochondrial pathways has been linked to delayed aging by caloric restriction (CR). The basis for these associations is poorly understood, and the scope of impact of mitochondrial activation on cellular function has yet to be defined. Here, we show that mitochondrial regulator PGC-1a is induced by CR in multiple tissues, and at the cellular level, CR-like activation of PGC-1a impacts a network that integrates mitochondrial status with metabolism and growth parameters. Transcriptional profiling reveals that diverse functions, including immune pathways, growth, structure, and macromolecule homeostasis, are responsive to PGC-1a. Mechanistically, these changes in gene expression were linked to chromatin remodeling and RNA processing. Metabolic changes implicated in the transcriptional data were confirmed functionally including shifts in NAD metabolism, lipid metabolism, and membrane lipid composition. Delayed cellular proliferation, altered cytoskeleton, and attenuated growth signaling through post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms were also identified as outcomes of PGC-1a-directed mitochondrial activation. Furthermore, in vivo in tissues from a genetically heterogeneous mouse population, endogenous PGC-1a expression was correlated with this same metabolism and growth network. These data show that small changes in metabolism have broad consequences that arguably would profoundly alter cell function. We suggest that this PGC-1a sensitive network may be the basis for the association between mitochondrial function and aging where small deficiencies precipitate loss of function across a spectrum of cellular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl N. Miller
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Josef P. Clark
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Stephen A. Martin
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Porsha R. Howell
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Maggie S. Burhans
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Spencer A. Haws
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Nathan B. Johnson
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Timothy W Rhoads
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Derek M. Pavelec
- Biotechnology Center University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Avtar S. Roopra
- Department of Neuroscience University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - James M. Ntambi
- Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - John M. Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Brian W. Parks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Rozalyn M. Anderson
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine SMPH, University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Madison Wisconsin USA
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28
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Lipotoxicity reduces β cell survival through islet stellate cell activation regulated by lipid metabolism-related molecules. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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29
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Park S, Mori R, Shimokawa I. The fat regulator neuropeptide Y and caloric restriction. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 9:2243-2244. [PMID: 29207376 PMCID: PMC5723684 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seongjoon Park
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki City 852-8523, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Mori
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki City 852-8523, Japan
| | - Isao Shimokawa
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki City 852-8523, Japan
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30
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Fujii N, Uta S, Kobayashi M, Sato T, Okita N, Higami Y. Impact of aging and caloric restriction on fibroblast growth factor 21 signaling in rat white adipose tissue. Exp Gerontol 2019; 118:55-64. [PMID: 30620889 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) suppresses age-related pathophysiology and extends lifespan. We recently reported that metabolic remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT) plays an important role in the beneficial actions of CR; however, the detailed molecular mechanisms of this remodeling remain to be established. In the present study, we aimed to identify CR-induced alterations in the expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism, and of its downstream signaling mediators in liver and WAT, across the lifespan of rats. We evaluated groups of rats that had been either fed ad libitum or calorie restricted from 3 months of age and were euthanized at 3.5, 9, or 24 months of age, under fed and fasted conditions. The expression of FGF21 mRNA and/or protein increased with age in liver and WAT. Interestingly, in the WAT of 9-month-old fed rats, CR further upregulated FGF21 expression and eliminated the aging-associated reductions in the expression of FGFR1 and beta-klotho (KLB; FGF21 receptor complex). It also enhanced the expression of FGF21 targets, including glucose transporter 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ coactivator-1α. The analysis of transcriptional regulators of Fgf21 suggested that aging and CR might upregulate Fgf21 expression via different mechanisms. In adipocytes in vitro, constitutive FGF21 overexpression upregulated the FGF21 receptor complex and FGF21 targets at the mRNA or protein level. Thus, both aging and CR induced FGF21 expression in rat WAT; however, only CR activated FGF21 signaling. Our results suggest that FGF21 signaling contributes to the CR-induced metabolic remodeling of WAT, likely activating glucose uptake and mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namiki Fujii
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Seira Uta
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Tsugumichi Sato
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Naoyuki Okita
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, 1-1-1 Daigakudori, Sanyo-onoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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31
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Differential Metabolic Responses to Adipose Atrophy Associated with Cancer Cachexia and Caloric Restriction in Rats and the Effect of Rikkunshito in Cancer Cachexia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123852. [PMID: 30513935 PMCID: PMC6321026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the similar phenotypes, including weight loss, reduction of food intake, and lower adiposity, associated with caloric restriction (CR) and cancer cachexia (CC), CC is a progressive wasting syndrome, while mild CR improves whole body metabolism. In the present study, we compared adipose metabolic changes in a novel rat model of CC, mild CR (70% of the food intake of control rats, which is similar to the food consumption of CC rats), and severe CR (30% of the food intake of controls). We show that CC and severe CR are associated with much smaller adipocytes with significantly lower mitochondrial DNA content; but, that mild CR is not. CC and both mild and severe CR similarly upregulated proteins involved in lipolysis. CC also downregulated proteins involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, but mild CR upregulated these. These findings suggest that CC might impair de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and reduce mitochondrial biogenesis, similar to severe CR. We also found that rikkunshito, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, does not ameliorate the enhanced lipolysis and mitochondrial impairment, but rather, rescues de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, suggesting that rikkunshito administration might have partially similar effects to mild CR.
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32
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Kobayashi M, Hoshino S, Abe T, Okita N, Tagawa R, Nagai W, Konno R, Suzuki Y, Furuya K, Ishikawa N, Okado H, Oku M, Iwamoto M, Miura Y, Sudo Y, Higami Y. Identification of WWP1 as an obesity-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase with a protective role against oxidative stress in adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:117-122. [PMID: 30471861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is not only the main tissue for energy storage but also an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines. Obesity is the most common metabolic disorder and is related to alterations in WAT characteristics, such as chronic inflammation and increasing oxidative stress. WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (WWP1) is a HECT-type ubiquitin E3 ligase that has been implicated in various pathologies. In the present study, we found that WWP1 was upregulated in obese WAT in a p53-dependent manner. To investigate the functions of WWP1 in adipocytes, a proteome analysis of WWP1 overexpression (OE) and knockdown (KD) 3T3-L1 cells was performed. This analysis showed a positive correlation between WWP1 expression and the abundance of several antioxidative proteins. Thus, we measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) in WWP1 OE and KD cells. Consistent with the proteome results, WWP1 OE reduced ROS levels, whereas KD increased them. These findings indicate that WWP1 is an obesity-inducible E3 ubiquitin ligase that can protect against obesity-associated oxidative stress in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Hoshino
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takuro Abe
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Okita
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, 1-1-1 Daigakudori, Sanyo-onoda, Yamaguchi, 756-0884, Japan
| | - Ryoma Tagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Wataru Nagai
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Konno
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Suzuki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Furuya
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okado
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Misako Oku
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Machiko Iwamoto
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuri Miura
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuka Sudo
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology & Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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33
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Kobayashi M, Fujii N, Narita T, Higami Y. SREBP-1c-Dependent Metabolic Remodeling of White Adipose Tissue by Caloric Restriction. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113335. [PMID: 30373107 PMCID: PMC6275055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) delays the onset of many age-related pathophysiological changes and extends lifespan. White adipose tissue (WAT) is not only a major tissue for energy storage, but also an endocrine tissue that secretes various adipokines. Recent reports have demonstrated that alterations in the characteristics of WAT can impact whole-body metabolism and lifespan. Hence, we hypothesized that functional alterations in WAT may play important roles in the beneficial effects of CR. Previously, using microarray analysis of WAT from CR rats, we found that CR enhances fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis, and identified sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), a master regulator of FA synthesis, as a mediator of CR. These findings were validated by showing that CR failed to upregulate factors involved in FA biosynthesis and to extend longevity in SREBP-1c knockout mice. Furthermore, we revealed that SREBP-1c is implicated in CR-associated mitochondrial activation through the upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Notably, these CR-associated phenotypes were observed only in WAT. We conclude that CR induces SREBP-1c-dependent metabolic remodeling, including the enhancement of FA biosynthesis and mitochondrial activation, via PGC-1α in WAT, resulting in beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Namiki Fujii
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Takumi Narita
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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34
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Song Z, Xiaoli AM, Yang F. Regulation and Metabolic Significance of De Novo Lipogenesis in Adipose Tissues. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101383. [PMID: 30274245 PMCID: PMC6213738 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo lipogenesis (DNL) is a complex and highly regulated process in which carbohydrates from circulation are converted into fatty acids that are then used for synthesizing either triglycerides or other lipid molecules. Dysregulation of DNL contributes to human diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the lipogenic pathway may provide a new therapeutic opportunity for combating various pathological conditions that are associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism. Hepatic DNL has been well documented, but lipogenesis in adipocytes and its contribution to energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity are less studied. Recent reports have gained significant insights into the signaling pathways that regulate lipogenic transcription factors and the role of DNL in adipose tissues. In this review, we will update the current knowledge of DNL in white and brown adipose tissues with the focus on transcriptional, post-translational, and central regulation of DNL. We will also summarize the recent findings of adipocyte DNL as a source of some signaling molecules that critically regulate energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Song
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Fajun Yang
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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35
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Ren M, Mokrani A, Liang H, Ji K, Xie J, Ge X, Liu B. Dietary Chromium Picolinate Supplementation Affects Growth, Whole-Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Glucose Metabolism and Lipogenesis in Juvenile Blunt Snout Bream, Megalobrama amblycephala. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:205-215. [PMID: 29344818 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An 11-week feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effects of supplemented chromium picolinate (Cr-Pic) on the growth, whole-body composition, and relative mRNA expression related to lipogenesis and glucose metabolism in juvenile blunt snout bream. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with graded Cr supplementation levels were fed to triplicate groups. The final weight (FW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and specific growth rate (SGR) were improved with increasing dietary Cr supplementation levels up to 0.4 mg/kg, and thereafter showed relatively constant. However, 12.0 mg/kg dietary Cr supplementation decreased growth and feed utilization. Based on SGR and FCR, the optimal dietary Cr supplementation level for the juvenile was estimated to be 0.28 mg/kg. Significantly higher plasma insulin levels were found in juvenile fed diets with 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg Cr supplementation compared to those fed diet sans supplemented Cr. Plasma glucose levels decreased with increasing dietary Cr supplementation, and the lowest value was remarked in the group added 3.2 mg/kg of Cr. Adding 0.4-0.8 mg/kg Cr enhanced insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), and pyruvate kinase (PK) and inhibited expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and glycogen synthase (GS) mRNA levels. High dietary Cr (12.0 mg/kg) supplementation resulted in high G6Pase and PEPCK expression. The highest content of whole-body lipid was remarked in fish fed with 0.4 mg/kg dietary Cr, which related to the enhanced gene expression related to lipogenesis; thereafter, mRNA levels showed a diminishing trend. These findings indicate that optimum dietary Cr-Pic supplementation has a positive effect on growth and blood glucose homeostasis by modifying the mRNA levels related to glucose metabolism and lipogenesis in juvenile blunt snout bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchun Ren
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Ahmed Mokrani
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualiang Liang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Ji
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
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Differential response to caloric restriction of retroperitoneal, epididymal, and subcutaneous adipose tissue depots in rats. Exp Gerontol 2018; 104:127-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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37
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Lee Y, Lee SJV, Min KJ. Meeting report: Asian Society for Aging Research Symposium 2018. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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38
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Abstract
Cellular lipid metabolism and homeostasis are controlled by sterol regulatory-element binding proteins (SREBPs). In addition to performing canonical functions in the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the biosynthesis and uptake of lipids, genome-wide system analyses have revealed that these versatile transcription factors act as important nodes of convergence and divergence within biological signalling networks. Thus, they are involved in myriad physiological and pathophysiological processes, highlighting the importance of lipid metabolism in biology. Changes in cell metabolism and growth are reciprocally linked through SREBPs. Anabolic and growth signalling pathways branch off and connect to multiple steps of SREBP activation and form complex regulatory networks. In addition, SREBPs are implicated in numerous pathogenic processes such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis, and in this way, they contribute to obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, chronic kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. This Review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of SREBPs in physiology and pathophysiology at the cell, organ and organism levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Life Science Center, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Kobayashi M, Takeda K, Narita T, Nagai K, Okita N, Sudo Y, Miura Y, Tsumoto H, Nakagawa Y, Shimano H, Higami Y. Mitochondrial intermediate peptidase is a novel regulator of sirtuin-3 activation by caloric restriction. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:4067-4073. [PMID: 29151261 PMCID: PMC5767765 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin‐3 (SIRT3) regulates mitochondrial quality and is involved in the anti‐ageing and pro‐longevity actions of caloric restriction (CR). Here, we show that CR upregulates the mature form of SIRT3 and mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (MIPEP), a mitochondrial signal peptidase (MtSPase), in white adipose tissue. We also demonstrate that upregulation of mature SIRT3 is dependent on MIPEP in 3T3‐L1 cells, suggesting that MIPEP may contribute to the maintenance of mitochondrial quality during CRvia activation of SIRT3. This novel mechanism of SIRT3 activation through MIPEP facilitates the elucidation of additional molecular pathways of CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Kanae Takeda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takumi Narita
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Keita Nagai
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Okita
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Sudo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Yuri Miura
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan
| | | | - Yoshimi Nakagawa
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.,Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
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40
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Kobayashi M, Higami Y. A novel caloric restriction mediator. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:2012-2013. [PMID: 29070730 PMCID: PMC5680547 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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