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Meng X, Ren K, Liu X, Lyu C, Jung HW, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Efficacy of Rhamnus utilis Decne. Aqueous extract in mice with acute alcoholic liver injury and metabolomic study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32523. [PMID: 38952369 PMCID: PMC11215275 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhamnus utilis Decne. (Family Rhamnaceae Juss.) leaf is commonly prepared as a anti-inflammatory herbal medicine and used for tea production. To investigate the mechanism of Rhamnus utilis Decne. aqueous extract (RDAE) against acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice. The ALD mouse (Male ICR) model was induced via intragastric administration of 52 % alcohol. Mice in each group were treated by gavage once daily with the RDAE (1.12, 2.25, 4.500 g/kg). The expression of proteins involved in the MAPKs/NF-κB/COX-2-iNOS pathway was measured by western blotting. Non-targeted metabolomics was used to determine metabolic profiles and critical pathways, while targeted metabolomics validated key amino acid metabolites. After administration of RDAE, the body mass of mice was significantly increased. The liver index was significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the serum levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), but GSH level was inversely increased (P < 0.05). Metabolomic analysis revealed nine major pathways involved in the therapeutic effect of RDAE, including fructose and mannose metabolism. The levels of 7 amino acids including leucine, proline and alanine/sarcosine were significantly upregulated. Additionally, protein levels of p-NF-κB (p65)/NF-κB (p65), p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, p-JNK/JNK, p-p38/p38, COX-2 and iNOS were significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). RDAE is used to treat acute ALD by improving lipid metabolism, inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulating MAPKs/NF-κB/COX-2-iNOS signalling pathway. These findings provide valuable insights for acute ALD therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Meng
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
| | - Kele Ren
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong Modern University, Jinan, 250104, China
| | - Chenzi Lyu
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, South Korea
| | - Hyo Won Jung
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, South Korea
| | - Yilong Zhang
- Shanxi Pengyakang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Lyuliang, 033000, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuosheng Zhang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Jinzhong, 030619, Shanxi, China
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Andrade-Brito DE, Núñez-Ríos DL, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Nagamatsu ST, Rompala G, Zillich L, Witt SH, Clark SL, Lattig MC, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome analysis reveal significant loci associated with alcohol use disorder. Front Genet 2024; 15:1345410. [PMID: 38633406 PMCID: PMC11021708 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1345410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex condition associated with adverse health consequences that affect millions of individuals worldwide. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation (5 mC), have been associated with AUD and other alcohol-related traits. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have identified differentially methylated genes associated with AUD in human peripheral and brain tissue. More recently, epigenetic studies of AUD have also evaluated DNA hydroxymethylation (5 hmC) in the human brain. However, most of the epigenetic work in postmortem brain tissue has examined bulk tissue. In this study, we investigated neuronal-specific 5 mC and 5 hmC alterations at CpG sites associated with AUD in the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Methods: Neuronal nuclei from the OFC were evaluated in 34 human postmortem brain samples (10 AUD, 24 non-AUD). Reduced representation oxidative bisulfite sequencing was used to assess 5 mC and 5 hmC at the genome-wide level. Differential 5 mC and 5 hmC were evaluated using the methylKit R package and significance was set at false discovery rate < 0.05 and differential methylation > 2. Functional enrichment analyses were performed, and gene-level convergence was evaluated in an independent dataset that assessed 5 mC and 5 hmC of AUD in bulk cortical tissue. Results: We identified 417 5 mC and 363 5hmC significant differential CpG sites associated with AUD, with 59% in gene promoters. Some of the identified genes have been previously implicated in alcohol consumption, including SYK, DNMT3A for 5 mC, GAD1, DLX1, DLX2, for 5 hmC and GATA4 in both. Convergence with a previous AUD 5 mC and 5 hmC study was observed for 28 genes. We also identified 5 and 35 differential regions for 5 mC and 5 hmC, respectively. Lastly, GWAS enrichment analysis showed an association with AUD for differential 5 mC genes. Discussion: This study reveals neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome dysregulation associated with AUD, identifying both previously reported and potentially novel gene associations with AUD. Our findings provide new insights into the epigenomic dysregulation of AUD in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego E. Andrade-Brito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Diana L. Núñez-Ríos
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sheila T. Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gregory Rompala
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Lea Zillich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shaunna L. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Maria C. Lattig
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
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Shree Harini K, Ezhilarasan D, Mani U. Molecular insights on intracellular Wnt/β-catenin signaling in alcoholic liver disease. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3916. [PMID: 38269515 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most common health problems worldwide, especially in developing countries caused by chronic consumption of alcohol on a daily basis. The ALD spectrum is initiated with the early stages of alcoholic fatty liver (steatosis), progressing to alcoholic steatohepatitis, followed by the later stages of fibrosis and in some cases, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Wnt/β-catenin signaling required for healthy liver development, function, and regeneration is found to be aberrated in ALD, attributed to its progression. This review is to elucidate the association of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with various stages of ALD progression. Alcohol causes downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling components and thereby suppressing the pathway. Reports have been published that aberrated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, especially the absence of β-catenin, results in decreased alcohol metabolism, causing steatosis followed by steatohepatitis via lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, liver injury, increased oxidative stress and apoptosis of hepatocytes, contributing to the advancement of ALD. Contrastingly, the progression of later stages of ALD like fibrosis and HCC depends on the increased activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its components. Existing studies reveal the varied expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ALD. However, the dual role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in earlier and later stages of ALD is not clear. Therefore, studies on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its components in various manifestations of ALD might provide insight in targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology & Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology & Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uthirappan Mani
- Animal House Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India
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Andrade-Brito DE, Núñez-Ríos DL, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Nagamatsu ST, Rompala G, Zillich L, Witt SH, Clark SL, Latig MC, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome analysis reveal replicated and novel loci associated with alcohol use disorder. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.28.23299094. [PMID: 38105948 PMCID: PMC10725575 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.28.23299094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex condition associated with adverse health consequences that affect millions of individuals worldwide. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation (5mC), have been associated with AUD and other alcohol-related traits. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have identified differentially methylated genes associated with AUD in human peripheral and brain tissue. More recently, epigenetic studies of AUD have also evaluated DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) in the human brain. However, most of the epigenetic work in postmortem brain tissue has examined bulk tissue. In this study, we investigated neuronal-specific 5mC and 5hmC alterations at CpG sites associated with AUD in the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Neuronal nuclei from the OFC were evaluated in 34 human postmortem brain samples (10 AUD, 24 non-AUD). Reduced representation oxidative bisulfite sequencing was used to assess 5mC and 5hmC at the genome-wide level. Differential 5mC and 5hmC were evaluated using the methylKit R package and significance was set at false discovery rate <0.05 and differential methylation >2. Functional enrichment analyses were performed and replication was evaluated replication in an independent dataset that assessed 5mC and 5hmC of AUD in bulk cortical tissue. We identified 417 5mC and 363 5hmC genome-wide significant differential CpG sites associated with AUD, with 59% in gene promoters. We also identified genes previously implicated in alcohol consumption, such as SYK, CHRM2, DNMT3A, and GATA4, for 5mC and GATA4, and GAD1, GATA4, DLX1 for 5hmC. Replication was observed for 28 CpG sites from a previous AUD 5mC and 5hmC study, including FOXP1. Lastly, GWAS enrichment analysis showed an association with AUD for differential 5mC genes. This study reveals neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome dysregulation associated with AUD. We replicated previous findings and identified novel associations with AUD for both 5mC and 5hmC marks within the OFC. Our findings provide new insights into the epigenomic dysregulation of AUD in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego E. Andrade-Brito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana L. Núñez-Ríos
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheila T. Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gregory Rompala
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Lea Zillich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shaunna L. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Maria C. Latig
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
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Yu Y, Guan S, Feng M, Wang L, Gao F. Hepatoprotective Effect of Albumin Peptide Fractions from Corn Germ Meal against Alcohol-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061183. [PMID: 36981110 PMCID: PMC10047985 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute alcoholic liver disease can cause serious liver damage. This study reports on the hepatoprotective effect of albumin peptide fractions from corn germ meal (MW < 1 kDa) (APF4) on acute alcohol hepatic damage in mice. In the mice model, the results indicated that APF4 at a dose of 800 mg/kg/bw could markedly boost alcohol metabolism, which was shown in the reduced duration of the loss of the righting reflex; the reduced level of blood alcohol concentration (BAC), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aminotransferase (AST), triglycerides (TG), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.01); the enhanced activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH); and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels being increased by up to 84.02% and 193.22% (p < 0.01) compared to the control group. The antioxidant capability and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity of APF4 may be responsible for its protective effect against liver damage induced by alcohol. The findings suggested that APF4 had the hepatoprotective property against liver damage induced by alcohol.
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Zhao Y, Liu R, Li M, Liu P. The spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK): A crucial therapeutic target for diverse liver diseases. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12130. [PMID: 36568669 PMCID: PMC9768320 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is an enigmatic protein tyrosine kinase, and involved in signal transduction related with lots of cellular processes. It's highly expressed in the cells of hematopoietic origin and acts as an important therapeutic target in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergic disorders. In recent years, more and more evidences indicate that SYK is expressed in non-hematopoietic cells and effectively regulates various non-immune biological responses as well. In this review, we mainly summary the role of SYK in different liver diseases. Robust SYK expression has been discovered in hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, as well as Kupffer cells, which participates in the regulation of numerous signal transduction in various liver diseases (e.g. hepatitis, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma). In addition, the blockage of SYK activity using small molecule modulators is considered as a significant therapeutic strategy against liver diseases, and both hepatic SYK and non-hepatic SYK could become highly promising therapeutic targets. Totally, even though some critical points about the significance of SYK in liver diseases treatment still need further elaboration, more reliable biotechnical or pharmacological therapy modes will be established based on the better understanding of the relationship between SYK and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China,Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an, China,Corresponding author.
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Wang Y, Fan Z, Yang M, Wang Y, Cao J, Khan A, Liu Y, Cheng G. Protective effects of E Se tea extracts against alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fat/alcohol diet: In vivo biological evaluation and molecular docking study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154113. [PMID: 35490493 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of economy and increased workload, chronic a high-fat/alcohol diet intake may lead to alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), which is considered as a crucial health problem worldwide. E Se tea is produced of the leaves and leaf buds of Malus toringoides (Rehd.) Hughes in Tibet and has human health benefits with anti-hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia effects. PURPOSE The objective of this work was to investigate the protective effect of aqueous-ethanol and hot-water extracts of E Se tea against chronic high-fat/alcohol diet induced AFLD rats. METHODS Firstly, to determine the chemical profiling of E Se tea extracts, UHPLC-ESI-HRMS analysis was conducted. Secondly, Sprague-Dawley male rats were used to establish the AFLD animal model by feeding with high-fat/alcohol diet. The animals were treated with E Se tea extracts for 12 weeks. Serum parameters were determined, histologic sections were prepared, and activities of enzymes related to inflammatory response and lipid metabolism imbalance were analyzed. The underlying mechanisms of E Se tea extracts alleviating AFLD were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting analysis. Lastly, key targets of 11-MT against AFLD were verified through molecular docking. RESULTS In this study, seven main compounds were confirmed or tentatively identified in E Se tea extracts by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS. The results revealed that both the extracts could reverse histopathological steatotic alternation of the liver and reduced the activity of liver damage markers (ALT, AST). E Se tea extracts mitigated oxidative stress by inhibiting CYP2E1 protein and lipid peroxidation parameters (MDA), but enhancing the endogenous antioxidants (CAT, GSH, SOD). Moreover, E Se tea extracts ameliorated inflammation by restraining the activation of NF-κB, consequently releasing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2 and iNOS). Subsequently, E Se tea extracts reduced hepatocyte apoptosis by increasing capase-9, caspase-3 and Bax protein expression but decreasing Bcl-2 protein expression. Furthermore, E Se tea extracts improved metabolism imbalance by stimulating AMPK/SREBP1/FAS and PPAR-α/CPT1 signaling pathway by regulating lipid metabolism parameters (TC, TG, HDL-C, LHD-C). Furthermore, molecular docking results indicated that 7 chemical constituents of E Se tea extracts had strong docking affinity with 4 key target proteins (AMPK, PPAR-α, NF-кB and Caspase-9). CONCLUSION E Se tea ameliorated AFLD through ameliorating inflammatory response, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhifeng Fan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; College of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Meilian Yang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; College of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Afsar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad-22060, Pakistan
| | - Yaping Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Luci C, Vieira E, Bourinet M, Rousseau D, Bonnafous S, Patouraux S, Lefevre L, Larbret F, Prod’homme V, Iannelli A, Tran A, Anty R, Bailly-Maitre B, Deckert M, Gual P. SYK-3BP2 Pathway Activity in Parenchymal and Myeloid Cells Is a Key Pathogenic Factor in Metabolic Steatohepatitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:173-191. [PMID: 34411785 PMCID: PMC8593618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) signaling pathway regulates critical processes in innate immunity, but its role in parenchymal cells remains elusive in chronic liver diseases. We investigate the relative contribution of SYK and its substrate c-Abl Src homology 3 domain-binding protein-2 (3BP2) in both myeloid cells and hepatocytes in the onset of metabolic steatohepatitis. METHODS Hepatic SYK-3BP2 pathway was evaluated in mouse models of metabolic-associated fatty liver diseases (MAFLD) and in obese patients with biopsy-proven MAFLD (n = 33). Its role in liver complications was evaluated in Sh3bp2 KO and myeloid-specific Syk KO mice challenged with methionine and choline deficient diet and in homozygous Sh3bp2KI/KI mice with and without SYK expression in myeloid cells. RESULTS Here we report that hepatic expression of 3BP2 and SYK correlated with metabolic steatohepatitis severity in mice. 3BP2 deficiency and SYK deletion in myeloid cells mediated the same protective effects on liver inflammation, injury, and fibrosis priming upon diet-induced steatohepatitis. In primary hepatocytes, the targeting of 3BP2 or SYK strongly decreased the lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammatory mediator expression and 3BP2-regulated SYK expression. In homozygous Sh3bp2KI/KI mice, the chronic inflammation mediated by the proteasome-resistant 3BP2 mutant promoted severe hepatitis and liver fibrosis with augmented liver SYK expression. In these mice, the deletion of SYK in myeloid cells was sufficient to prevent these liver lesions. The hepatic expression of SYK is also up-regulated with metabolic steatohepatitis and correlates with liver macrophages in biopsy-proven MAFLD patients. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data suggest an important role for the SYK-3BP2 pathway in the pathogenesis of chronic liver inflammatory diseases and highlight its targeting in hepatocytes and myeloid cells as a potential strategy to treat metabolic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Luci
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Elodie Vieira
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Manon Bourinet
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | | | | | - Lauren Lefevre
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | | | | | - Albert Tran
- Université Côte d’Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Rodolphe Anty
- Université Côte d’Azur, CHU, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | | | - Marcel Deckert
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France,Marcel Deckert, PhD, Inserm UMR1065/C3M, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, Team "Microenvironment, signaling and cancer", 151 route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06204 Nice, France.
| | - Philippe Gual
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, U1065, C3M, Nice, France,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Philippe Gual, PhD, Inserm UMR1065/C3M, Bâtiment Universitaire ARCHIMED, Team "Chronic liver diseases associated with obesity and alcohol", 151 route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06204 Nice, France. fax: +33 4 89 06 42 60.
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Zhao L, Mehmood A, Yuan D, Usman M, Murtaza MA, Yaqoob S, Wang C. Protective Mechanism of Edible Food Plants against Alcoholic Liver Disease with Special Mention to Polyphenolic Compounds. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051612. [PMID: 34064981 PMCID: PMC8151346 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one type of liver disease, causing a global healthcare problem and mortality. The liver undergoes tissue damage by chronic alcohol consumption because it is the main site for metabolism of ethanol. Chronic alcohol exposure progresses from alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), which further lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular cancer. Therapeutic interventions to combat ALD are very limited such as use of corticosteroids. However, these therapeutic drugs are not effective for long-term usage. Therefore, additional effective and safe therapies to cope with ALD are urgently needed. Previous studies confirmed that edible food plants and their bioactive compounds exert a protective effect against ALD. In this review article, we summarized the hepatoprotective potential of edible food plants and their bioactive compounds. The underlying mechanism for the prevention of ALD by edible food plants was as follows: anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, lipid regulation, inhibition of apoptosis, gut microbiota composition modulation, and anti-fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6898-4547
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mian Anjum Murtaza
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Sanabil Yaqoob
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Punjab 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (L.Z.); (A.M.); (M.U.); (C.W.)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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10
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Lin HY, Wang X, Tseng TS, Kao YH, Fang Z, Molina PE, Cheng CH, Berglund AE, Eeles RA, Muir KR, Pashayan N, Haiman CA, Brenner H, Consortium TP, Park JY. Alcohol Intake and Alcohol-SNP Interactions Associated with Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness. J Clin Med 2021; 10:553. [PMID: 33540941 PMCID: PMC7867322 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol intake is a well-known modifiable risk factor for many cancers. It is still unclear whether genetic variants or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can modify alcohol intake's impact on prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness. The objective is to test the alcohol-SNP interactions of the 7501 SNPs in the four pathways (angiogenesis, mitochondria, miRNA, and androgen metabolism-related pathways) associated with PCa aggressiveness. We evaluated the impacts of three excessive alcohol intake behaviors in 3306 PCa patients with European ancestry from the PCa Consortium. We tested the alcohol-SNP interactions using logistic models with the discovery-validation study design. All three excessive alcohol intake behaviors were not significantly associated with PCa aggressiveness. However, the interactions of excessive alcohol intake and three SNPs (rs13107662 [CAMK2D, p = 6.2 × 10-6], rs9907521 [PRKCA, p = 7.1 × 10-5], and rs11925452 [ROBO1, p = 8.2 × 10-4]) were significantly associated with PCa aggressiveness. These alcohol-SNP interactions revealed contrasting effects of excessive alcohol intake on PCa aggressiveness according to the genotypes in the identified SNPs. We identified PCa patients with the rs13107662 (CAMK2D) AA genotype, the rs11925452 (ROBO1) AA genotype, and the rs9907521 (PRKCA) AG genotype were more vulnerable to excessive alcohol intake for developing aggressive PCa. Our findings support that the impact of excessive alcohol intake on PCa aggressiveness was varied by the selected genetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Xinnan Wang
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zhide Fang
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Cheng
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Anders E Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Kenneth R Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research, and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M139PT, UK
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, WC1E 7HB, London, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90015, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - The Practical Consortium
- The Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome Consortium (PRACTICAL, http://practical.icr.ac.uk/), London SM2 5NG, UK. Additional members from The PRACTICAL Consortium were provided in the Supplement
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Kong L, Chen J, Ji X, Qin Q, Yang H, Liu D, Li D, Sun M. Alcoholic fatty liver disease inhibited the co-expression of Fmo5 and PPARα to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing liver injury via inducing gut microbiota disturbance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:18. [PMID: 33413501 PMCID: PMC7788704 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Alcohol-induced intestinal dysbiosis disrupts and inflammatory responses are essential in the development of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD). Here, we investigated the effects of Fmo5 on changes in enteric microbiome composition in a model of AFLD and dissected the pathogenic role of Fmo5 in AFLD-induced liver pathology. Methods The expression profile data of GSE8006 and GSE40334 datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. The WGCNA approach allowed us to investigate the AFLD-correlated module. DEGs were used to perform KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Four PPI networks were constructed using the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape software. The Cytohubba plug-in was used to identify the hub genes. Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays were used to detect protein expression. ELISA assay was used to detect the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines. Lipid droplets in the cytoplasm were observed using Oil Red O staining. Apoptosis was detected using a TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis. ROS levels were detected using flow cytometry analysis. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was observed using immunofluorescence staining. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to detect the co-expression of PPARα and Fmo5 in L02 cells. 16S rDNA sequencing defined the bacterial communities in mice with AFLD. Results Fmo5 is a key DEG and is closely associated with the gut microbiota and PPAR signaling pathway. Gut microbiome function in AFLD was significantly related to the PPAR signaling pathway. AFLD induced shifts in various bacterial phyla in the cecum, including a reduction in Bacteroidetes and increased Firmicutes. Fmo5 and PPARα co-expression in cell and animal models with AFLD, which decreased significantly. Silencing of Fmo5 and PPARα aggravated the functions of AFLD inducing apoptosis and inflammatory response, promoting liver injury, and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. The NF-κB inhibitor abolished the functions of silencing of Fmo5 and PPARα promoting AFLD-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and liver injury. Conclusion Our data indicated that the co-expression of Fmo5 and PPARα was involved in AFLD-related gut microbiota composition and alleviated AFLD-induced liver injury, apoptosis, and inflammatory response by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-020-01782-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjian Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Ji
- Department of Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Qian Qin
- Physical Examination Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Huiyu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Deliang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Meiling Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510280, PR China
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12
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Hsu MF, Koike S, Mello A, Nagy LE, Haj FG. Hepatic protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B disruption and pharmacological inhibition attenuate ethanol-induced oxidative stress and ameliorate alcoholic liver disease in mice. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101658. [PMID: 32769011 PMCID: PMC7408361 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major health problem and a significant cause of liver-related death. Currently, the mainstay for ALD therapy is alcohol abstinence highlighting the need to develop pharmacotherapeutic approaches. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is an established regulator of hepatic functions, but its role in ALD is mostly unexplored. In this study, we used mice with liver-specific PTP1B disruption as well as pharmacological inhibition to investigate the in vivo function of this phosphatase in ALD. We report upregulation of hepatic PTP1B in the chronic plus binge mouse model and, importantly, in liver biopsies of alcoholic hepatitis patients. Also, mice with hepatic PTP1B disruption attenuated ethanol-induced injury, inflammation, and steatosis compared with ethanol-fed control animals. Moreover, PTP1B deficiency was associated with decreased ethanol-induced oxidative stress in vivo and ex vivo. Further, pharmacological modulation of oxidative balance in hepatocytes identified diminished oxidative stress as a contributor to the salutary effects of PTP1B deficiency. Notably, PTP1B pharmacological inhibition elicited beneficial effects and mitigated hepatic injury, inflammation, and steatosis caused by ethanol feeding. In summary, these findings causally link hepatic PTP1B and ALD and define a potential therapeutic target for the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fo Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Shinichiro Koike
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Aline Mello
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Fawaz G Haj
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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13
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Su X, Sun ZH, Ren Q, Liu JR, Yin L, Liang N, Meng L, Sun RX. The effect of spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor R406 on diabetic retinopathy in experimental diabetic rats. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 40:2371-2383. [PMID: 32462561 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor R406 on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic mellitus (DM) rats. METHODS Rats were randomized into Normal, DM, DM + 5 mg/kg R406 and DM + 10 mg/kg R406 groups. DM rats were established via injection of streptozotocin (STZ). One week after model establishment, rats in treatment groups received 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg R406 by gavage administration for 12 weeks consecutively, followed by the detection with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Evans blue angiography, retinal trypsin digestion assay, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL assay, immunofluorescence assay and quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The retina of DM rats presented different degree of edema, disordered and loose structure, swollen cells with enlarged intercellular space, and dilated and congested capillaries. Besides, the retinal vessels of DM rats showed high fluorescence leakage. However, R406 alleviated the above-mentioned conditions, which was much better with high concentration of R406 (10 mg/kg). R406 also reversed the down-regulations of occludin, claudin-5, ZO-1 and the up-regulation of and VEGF in retinal tissues of DM rats; inhibited retinal cell apoptosis; strengthened retinal cell proliferation; and reduced expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and nuclear p65 NF-κB in retinal tissues. The improvement in all these indexes was much more significant in rats of DM + 10 mg/kg R406 group than in rats of DM + 5 mg/kg R406 group. CONCLUSION Syk inhibitor R406 could attenuate retinal inflammation in DR rats via the repression of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jun-Ru Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ling Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui-Xue Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, No. 12, Pingan North Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
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Kurniawan DW, Storm G, Prakash J, Bansal R. Role of spleen tyrosine kinase in liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1005-1019. [PMID: 32205992 PMCID: PMC7081001 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i10.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in most hematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic cells and play a crucial role in both immune and non-immune biological responses. SYK mediate diverse cellular responses via an immune-receptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs)-dependent signalling pathways, ITAMs-independent and ITAMs-semi-dependent signalling pathways. In liver, SYK expression has been observed in parenchymal (hepatocytes) and non-parenchymal cells (hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells), and found to be positively correlated with the disease severity. The implication of SYK pathway has been reported in different liver diseases including liver fibrosis, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Antagonism of SYK pathway using kinase inhibitors have shown to attenuate the progression of liver diseases thereby suggesting SYK as a highly promising therapeutic target. This review summarizes the current understanding of SYK and its therapeutic implication in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto 53132, Indonesia
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3454, the Netherlands
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
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15
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Bang BR, Han KH, Seo GY, Croft M, Kang YJ. The protein tyrosine kinase SYK regulates the alternative p38 activation in liver during acute liver inflammation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17838. [PMID: 31780731 PMCID: PMC6882802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Two distinct p38 signaling pathways, classical and alternative, have been identified to regulate inflammatory responses in host defense and disease development. The role of alternative p38 activation in liver inflammation is elusive, while classical p38 signaling in hepatocytes plays a role in regulating the induction of cell death in autoimmune-mediated acute liver injury. In this study, we found that a mutation of alternative p38 in mice augmented the severity of acute liver inflammation. Moreover, TNF-induced hepatocyte death was augmented by a mutation of alternative p38, suggesting that alternative p38 signaling in hepatocytes contributed more significantly to the pathology of acute liver injury. Furthermore, SYK-Vav-1 signaling regulates alternative p38 activation and the downregulation of cell death in hepatocytes. Therefore, it is suggested that alternative p38 signaling in the liver plays a critical role in the induction and subsequent pathological changes of acute liver injury. Collectively, our results imply that p38 signaling in hepatocytes plays a crucial role to prevent excessive liver injury by regulating the induction of cell death and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Bang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Kyung Ho Han
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Goo-Young Seo
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Young Jun Kang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA.
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16
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Al-Harbi NO, Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, Alanazi MM, Aldossari AA, Alasmari F. Amelioration of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in dendritic cells and neutrophils respectively in mice: Role of spleen tyrosine kinase signaling. Biochimie 2019; 158:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Ginseng ( Panax ginseng Meyer) Oligopeptides Protect Against Binge Drinking-Induced Liver Damage through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111665. [PMID: 30400371 PMCID: PMC6266439 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (ginseng) is an edible and traditional medicinal herb, which is reported to have a wide range of biological activity and pharmaceutical properties. There were more studies on ginsenoside and polysaccharides, but fewer on ginseng oligopeptides (GOPs), which are small molecule oligopeptides extracted from ginseng. The present study was designed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of ginseng oligopeptide (GOPs) on binge drinking-induced alcohol damage in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups (n = 10), rats in normal control group and alcohol model group was administered distilled water; rats in four GOPs intervention groups (at a dose of 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 g/kg of body weight, respectively) were administered GOPs once a day for 30 days. Experiment rats were intragastrically administered ethanol at a one-time dose of 7 g/kg of body weight after 30 days. The liver injury was measured through traditional liver enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, expression of oxidative stress markers, and histopathological examination. We found that the GOPs treatment could significantly improve serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, plasma lipopolysaccharide, and inflammatory cytokine levels, as well as the oxidative stress markers that were altered by alcohol. Moreover, GOPs treatment inhibited the protein expression of toll-like receptor 4, and repressed the inhibitor kappa Bα and nuclear factor-κB p65 in the liver. These findings suggested that GOPs have a significant protective effect on binge drinking-induced liver injury, and the mechanism possibly mediated by the partial inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor-κB p65 signaling in the liver.
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18
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Bukong TN, Cho Y, Iracheta-Vellve A, Saha B, Lowe P, Adejumo A, Furi I, Ambade A, Gyongyosi B, Catalano D, Kodys K, Szabo G. Abnormal neutrophil traps and impaired efferocytosis contribute to liver injury and sepsis severity after binge alcohol use. J Hepatol 2018; 69:1145-1154. [PMID: 30030149 PMCID: PMC6310218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are an important strategy utilized by neutrophils to immobilize and kill invading microorganisms. Herein, we studied NET formation and the process of neutrophil cell death (NETosis), as well as the clearance of NETs by macrophages (MΦ) (efferocytosis) in acute sepsis following binge drinking. METHODS Healthy volunteers consumed 2 ml of vodka/kg body weight, before blood endotoxin and 16 s rDNA were measured. Peripheral neutrophils were isolated and exposed to alcohol followed by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation. Mice were treated with three alcohol binges and intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to assess the dynamics of NET formation and efferocytosis. In vivo, anti-Ly6G antibody (IA8) was used for neutrophil depletion. RESULTS Inducers of NETs (endotoxin and bacterial DNA) significantly increased in the circulation after binge alcohol drinking in humans. Ex vivo, alcohol alone increased NET formation, but upon PMA stimulation alcohol attenuated NET formation. Binge alcohol in mice resulted in a biphasic response to LPS. Initially, binge alcohol reduced LPS-induced NET formation and resulted in a diffuse distribution of neutrophils in the liver compared to alcohol-naïve mice. Moreover, indicators of NET formation including citrullinated histone H3, neutrophil elastase, and neutrophil myeloperoxidase were decreased at an early time point after LPS challenge in mice receiving binge alcohol, suggesting decreased NET formation. However, in the efferocytosis phase (15 h after LPS) citrullinated histone-H3 was increased in the liver in alcohol binge mice, suggesting decreased clearance of NETs. In vitro alcohol treatment reduced efferocytosis and phagocytosis of NETotic neutrophils and promoted expression of CD206 on MΦ. Finally, depletion of neutrophils prior to binge alcohol ameliorated LPS-induced systemic inflammation and liver injury in mice. CONCLUSIONS Dysfunctional NETosis and efferocytosis following binge drinking exacerbate liver injury associated with sepsis. LAY SUMMARY Disease severity in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is associated with a significant presence of neutrophils (a type of immune cell) in the liver. It remains unknown how alcohol affects the capacity of neutrophils to control infection, a major hallmark of ALD. We found that binge alcohol drinking impaired important strategies used by neutrophils to contain and resolve infection, resulting in increased liver injury during ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Ndonyi Bukong
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Yeonhee Cho
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Arvin Iracheta-Vellve
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Banishree Saha
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Patrick Lowe
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Adeyinka Adejumo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Istvan Furi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Aditya Ambade
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Benedek Gyongyosi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Donna Catalano
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Karen Kodys
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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19
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Iracheta-Vellve A, Calenda CD, Petrasek J, Ambade A, Kodys K, Adorini L, Szabo G. FXR and TGR5 Agonists Ameliorate Liver Injury, Steatosis, and Inflammation After Binge or Prolonged Alcohol Feeding in Mice. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:1379-1391. [PMID: 30411084 PMCID: PMC6211332 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) activate various dedicated receptors, including the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the Takeda G protein‐coupled receptor 5 (TGR5). The FXR agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) is licensed for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis and has shown promising results in NASH patients, whereas TGR5 agonists target inflammation and metabolism. We hypothesized that FXR and/or TGR5 agonists may be therapeutic in early alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice, in which hepatic inflammation plays a major role. OCA, INT‐777, and INT‐767 are BA derivatives with selective agonist properties for FXR, TGR5, or both, respectively. These compounds were tested in two mouse models (3‐day binge model and prolonged Lieber DeCarli diet for 12 days) of early ALD. Serum alanine aminotransferase and liver histology were used to assess liver injury, Oil Red O staining of liver sections to assess steatosis, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction to assess changes in gene expression. In the ethanol binge model, treatment with OCA and INT‐777 decreased hepatic macrovesicular steatosis and protected from ethanol‐induced liver injury. After prolonged ethanol administration, mice treated with OCA, INT‐767, or INT‐777 showed decreased hepatic steatosis, associated with reduced liver fatty acid synthase protein expression, and protection from liver injury. Treatment with BA receptor agonists in both models of ethanol administration modulated lipogenic gene expression, and decreased liver interleukin‐1β mRNA expression associated with increased ubiquitination of NLRP3 inflammasome through cyclic adenosine monophosphate–induced activation of protein kinase A. Conclusion: OCA, INT‐767, or INT‐777 administration is effective in reducing acute and chronic ethanol‐induced steatosis and inflammation in mice, with varying degrees of efficacy depending on the duration of ethanol administration, indicating that both FXR and TGR5 activation can protect from liver injury in ALD models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jan Petrasek
- University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA
| | - Aditya Ambade
- University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA
| | - Karen Kodys
- University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA
| | | | - Gyongyi Szabo
- University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA
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20
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Therapeutic inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase in inflammatory macrophages using PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Control Release 2018; 288:227-238. [PMID: 30219279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the leading cause of cirrhosis worldwide and the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation. Macrophages are the important cellular component in the inflammatory milieu in NASH. Inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators produced by macrophages causes significant tissue injury in many inflammatory diseases. Therefore, inhibition of the inflammatory macrophages would be a promising approach to attenuate NASH. In this study, we studied the implication of SYK pathway in NASH, and investigated PLGA nanoparticles-based delivery of SYK pathway inhibitor as an effective and promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of NASH. We found positive correlation between SYK expression with the pathogenesis of NASH and alcoholic hepatitis in patients. Importantly, SYK expression was significantly induced in M1-differentiated inflammatory macrophages. To inhibit SYK pathway specifically, we used a small-molecule inhibitor R406 that blocks Fc-receptor signaling pathway and reduces immune complex-mediated inflammation. R406 dose-dependently inhibited nitric-oxide release and M1-specific markers in M1-differentiated macrophages. Thereafter, we synthesized PLGA nanoparticles to deliver R406 to increase the drug pharmacokinetics for the efficient treatment of NASH. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of R406-PLGA in-vitro in differentiated macrophages, and in-vivo in Methionine-Choline-deficient (MCD)-diet induced NASH mouse model. R406-PLGA inhibited M1-specific differentiation markers in RAW and bone-marrow-derived macrophages. In-vivo, R406 and more strongly R406-PLGA ameliorated fibrosis, inflammation and steatosis in mice. R406 and more significantly R406-PLGA reduced ALT, AST, cholesterol and triglyceride plasma levels. These results suggest that delivery of SYK inhibitor using PLGA nanoparticles can be a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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21
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Seitz HK, Bataller R, Cortez-Pinto H, Gao B, Gual A, Lackner C, Mathurin P, Mueller S, Szabo G, Tsukamoto H. Alcoholic liver disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018; 4:16. [PMID: 30115921 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-018-0014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 646] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease worldwide. ALD can progress from alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), which is characterized by hepatic inflammation. Chronic ASH can eventually lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis and in some cases hepatocellular cancer (HCC). In addition, severe ASH (with or without cirrhosis) can lead to alcoholic hepatitis, which is an acute clinical presentation of ALD that is associated with liver failure and high mortality. Most individuals consuming >40 g of alcohol per day develop AFL; however, only a subset of individuals will develop more advanced disease. Genetic, epigenetic and non-genetic factors might explain the considerable interindividual variation in ALD phenotype. The pathogenesis of ALD includes hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, acetaldehyde-mediated toxicity and cytokine and chemokine-induced inflammation. Diagnosis of ALD involves assessing patients for alcohol use disorder and signs of advanced liver disease. The degree of AFL and liver fibrosis can be determined by ultrasonography, transient elastography, MRI, measurement of serum biomarkers and liver biopsy histology. Alcohol abstinence achieved by psychosomatic intervention is the best treatment for all stages of ALD. In the case of advanced disease such as cirrhosis or HCC, liver transplantation may be required. Thus, new therapies are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut K Seitz
- Centre of Alcohol Research (CAR),, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg and Department of Medicine, Salem Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helena Cortez-Pinto
- Departmento de Gastroenterologia, CHLN, Laboratorio de Nutricão, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antoni Gual
- Addiction Unit, Neuroscience Institute Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolin Lackner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philippe Mathurin
- Service des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Universite Lille 2 and INSERM U795, Lille, France
| | - Sebastian Mueller
- Centre of Alcohol Research (CAR),, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg and Department of Medicine, Salem Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine and Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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22
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Baicalin Ameliorates Liver Injury Induced by Chronic plus Binge Ethanol Feeding by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via CYP2E1 and NRF2 in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:4820414. [PMID: 28951767 PMCID: PMC5603751 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4820414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver injury leads to serious complication including death. The potential role of baicalin at the transcription level in mice model of alcohol injury is not known yet. In this study, we examined the effect of baicalin against chronic plus binge ethanol model in mice and understanding the mechanism of protection. Liver function, histology, steatosis, inflammation, NF-κB activity, oxidative stress sources, nuclear translocation of NRF2 transcription factor, and cell death were assessed. Treatment with baicalin ameliorated ethanol-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Baicalin attenuated ethanol-induced proinflammatory molecules such as TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2, and MCP-1 and reversed redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB activation. Baicalin also modulated Kupffer cell activation in vitro. Baicalin inhibited ethanol-induced expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating enzymes NOX2, p67phox, xanthine oxidase, and iNOS in addition to CYP2E1 activities. Baicalin also enhanced ethanol-induced NRF2 nuclear translocation and increased downstream target gene HO-1 as antioxidant defense. Finally, baicalin reduced significant apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Our study suggests that baicalin ameliorates chronic plus binge ethanol-induced liver injury involving molecular crosstalk of multiple pathways at the transcriptional level and through upregulation of antioxidant defense mechanism.
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23
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Pham DH, Zhang C, Yin C. Using zebrafish to model liver diseases-Where do we stand? CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 5:207-221. [PMID: 29098121 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-017-0141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The liver is the largest internal organ and performs both exocrine and endocrine function that is necessary for survival. Liver failure is among the leading causes of death and represents a major global health burden. Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases. Animal models advance our understanding of liver disease etiology and hold promise for the development of alternative therapies. Zebrafish has become an increasingly popular system for modeling liver diseases and complements the rodent models. Recent Findings The zebrafish liver contains main cell types that are found in mammalian liver and exhibits similar pathogenic responses to environmental insults and genetic mutations. Zebrafish have been used to model neonatal cholestasis, cholangiopathies, such as polycystic liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It also provides a unique opportunity to study the plasticity of liver parenchymal cells during regeneration. Summary In this review, we summarize the recent work of building zebrafish models of liver diseases. We highlight how these studies have brought new knowledge of disease mechanisms. We also discuss the advantages and challenges of using zebrafish to model liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Hung Pham
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
| | - Changwen Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
| | - Chunyue Yin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA.,Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
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24
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Afifiyan N, Tillman B, French BA, Masouminia M, Samadzadeh S, French SW. Over expression of proteins that alter the intracellular signaling pathways in the cytoplasm of the liver cells forming Mallory-Denk bodies. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 102:106-114. [PMID: 28089901 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, liver biopsy sections fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin (FFPE) from patients with alcoholic hepatitis (AH) were used. The results showed that the expression of the SYK protein was up regulated by RNA-seq and real time PCR analyses in the alcoholic hepatitis patients compared to controls. The results were supported by using the IHC fluorescent antibody staining intensity morphometric quantitation. Morphometric quantification of fluorescent intensity measurement showed a two fold increase in SYK protein in the cytoplasm of the cells forming MDBs compared to surrounding normal hepatocytes. The expression of AKT1 was also analyzed. AKT1 is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that plays a key role in multiple cellular processes such as glucose metabolism, apoptosis, cell proliferation, transcription and cell migration. The AKT protein was also increased in hepatocyte balloon cells forming MDBs. This observation demonstrates the role of SYK and its subsequent effect on the internal signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT as well as p70S6K, as a potential multifunctional target in protein quality control mechanisms of hepatocytes when ER stress is activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Afifiyan
- Department of Pathology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Institute, 1000W, Carson, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
| | - B Tillman
- Department of Pathology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Institute, 1000W, Carson, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
| | - B A French
- Department of Pathology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Institute, 1000W, Carson, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
| | - M Masouminia
- Department of Pathology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Institute, 1000W, Carson, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
| | - S Samadzadeh
- Department of Pathology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Institute, 1000W, Carson, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
| | - S W French
- Department of Pathology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles BioMedical Institute, 1000W, Carson, Torrance, CA 90509, United States.
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