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Andrade-Brito DE, Núñez-Ríos DL, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Nagamatsu ST, Rompala G, Zillich L, Witt SH, Clark SL, Lattig MC, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome analysis reveal significant loci associated with alcohol use disorder. Front Genet 2024; 15:1345410. [PMID: 38633406 PMCID: PMC11021708 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1345410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex condition associated with adverse health consequences that affect millions of individuals worldwide. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation (5 mC), have been associated with AUD and other alcohol-related traits. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have identified differentially methylated genes associated with AUD in human peripheral and brain tissue. More recently, epigenetic studies of AUD have also evaluated DNA hydroxymethylation (5 hmC) in the human brain. However, most of the epigenetic work in postmortem brain tissue has examined bulk tissue. In this study, we investigated neuronal-specific 5 mC and 5 hmC alterations at CpG sites associated with AUD in the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Methods: Neuronal nuclei from the OFC were evaluated in 34 human postmortem brain samples (10 AUD, 24 non-AUD). Reduced representation oxidative bisulfite sequencing was used to assess 5 mC and 5 hmC at the genome-wide level. Differential 5 mC and 5 hmC were evaluated using the methylKit R package and significance was set at false discovery rate < 0.05 and differential methylation > 2. Functional enrichment analyses were performed, and gene-level convergence was evaluated in an independent dataset that assessed 5 mC and 5 hmC of AUD in bulk cortical tissue. Results: We identified 417 5 mC and 363 5hmC significant differential CpG sites associated with AUD, with 59% in gene promoters. Some of the identified genes have been previously implicated in alcohol consumption, including SYK, DNMT3A for 5 mC, GAD1, DLX1, DLX2, for 5 hmC and GATA4 in both. Convergence with a previous AUD 5 mC and 5 hmC study was observed for 28 genes. We also identified 5 and 35 differential regions for 5 mC and 5 hmC, respectively. Lastly, GWAS enrichment analysis showed an association with AUD for differential 5 mC genes. Discussion: This study reveals neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome dysregulation associated with AUD, identifying both previously reported and potentially novel gene associations with AUD. Our findings provide new insights into the epigenomic dysregulation of AUD in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego E. Andrade-Brito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Diana L. Núñez-Ríos
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sheila T. Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gregory Rompala
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Lea Zillich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shaunna L. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Maria C. Lattig
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, United States
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Jennings MV, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Courchesne-Krak NS, Cupertino RB, Vilar-Ribó L, Bianchi SB, Hatoum AS, Atkinson EG, Giusti-Rodriguez P, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Gelernter J, Artigas MS, Elson SL, Edenberg HJ, Fontanillas P, Palmer AA, Sanchez-Roige S. A phenome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation study of alcohol use variants in a diverse cohort comprising over 3 million individuals. EBioMedicine 2024:105086. [PMID: 38580523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is associated with numerous negative social and health outcomes. These associations may be direct consequences of drinking, or they may reflect common genetic factors that influence both alcohol consumption and other outcomes. METHODS We performed exploratory phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) of three of the best studied protective single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding ethanol metabolising enzymes (ADH1B: rs1229984-T, rs2066702-A; ADH1C: rs698-T) using up to 1109 health outcomes across 28 phenotypic categories (e.g., substance-use, mental health, sleep, immune, cardiovascular, metabolic) from a diverse 23andMe cohort, including European (N ≤ 2,619,939), Latin American (N ≤ 446,646) and African American (N ≤ 146,776) populations to uncover new and perhaps unexpected associations. These SNPs have been consistently implicated by both candidate gene studies and genome-wide association studies of alcohol-related behaviours but have not been investigated in detail for other relevant phenotypes in a hypothesis-free approach in such a large cohort of multiple ancestries. To provide insight into potential causal effects of alcohol consumption on the outcomes significant in the PheWAS, we performed univariable two-sample and one-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses. FINDINGS The minor allele rs1229984-T, which is protective against alcohol behaviours, showed the highest number of PheWAS associations across the three cohorts (N = 232, European; N = 29, Latin American; N = 7, African American). rs1229984-T influenced multiple domains of health. We replicated associations with alcohol-related behaviours, mental and sleep conditions, and cardio-metabolic health. We also found associations with understudied traits related to neurological (migraines, epilepsy), immune (allergies), musculoskeletal (fibromyalgia), and reproductive health (preeclampsia). MR analyses identified evidence of causal effects of alcohol consumption on liability for 35 of these outcomes in the European cohort. INTERPRETATION Our work demonstrates that polymorphisms in genes encoding alcohol metabolising enzymes affect multiple domains of health beyond alcohol-related behaviours. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of these effects could have implications for treatments and preventative medicine. FUNDING MVJ, NCK, SBB, SSR and AAP were supported by T32IR5226 and 28IR-0070. SSR was also supported by NIDA DP1DA054394. NCK and RBC were also supported by R25MH081482. ASH was supported by funds from NIAAA K01AA030083. JLMO was supported by VA 1IK2CX002095. JLMO and JJMM were also supported by NIDA R21DA050160. JJMM was also supported by the Kavli Postdoctoral Award for Academic Diversity. EGA was supported by K01MH121659 from the NIMH/NIH, the Caroline Wiess Law Fund for Research in Molecular Medicine and the ARCO Foundation Young Teacher-Investigator Fund at Baylor College of Medicine. MSA was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by the European Union Found: Fondo Social Europeo Plus (FSE+) (P19/01224, PI22/00464 and CP22/00128).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela V Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Orange, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Renata B Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Vilar-Ribó
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sevim B Bianchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychology & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Atkinson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paola Giusti-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Orange, West Haven, CT, USA; National Center of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- VA CT Healthcare Center, Department Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA; Departments Psychiatry, Genetics, and Neuroscience, Yale Univ. School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Tamman AJF, Koller D, Nagamatsu S, Cabrera-Mendoza B, Abdallah C, Krystal JH, Gelernter J, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Polimanti R, Pietrzak RH. Correction: Psychosocial moderators of polygenic risk scores of inflammatory biomarkers in relation to GrimAge. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:764. [PMID: 38182778 PMCID: PMC10876612 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J F Tamman
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Dora Koller
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheila Nagamatsu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chadi Abdallah
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Tamman AJF, Koller D, Nagamatsu S, Cabrera-Mendoza B, Abdallah C, Krystal JH, Gelernter J, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Polimanti R, Pietrzak RH. Psychosocial moderators of polygenic risk scores of inflammatory biomarkers in relation to GrimAge. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:699-708. [PMID: 37848731 PMCID: PMC10876568 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
GrimAge acceleration has previously predicted age-related morbidities and mortality. In the current study, we sought to examine how GrimAge is associated with genetic predisposition for systemic inflammation and whether psychosocial factors moderate this association. Military veterans from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans study, which surveyed a nationally representative sample of European American male veterans, provided saliva samples for genotyping (N = 1135). We derived polygenic risk scores (PRS) from the UK Biobank as markers of genetic predisposition to inflammation. Results revealed that PRS for three inflammatory PRS markers-HDL (lower), apolipoprotein B (lower), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (higher)-were associated with accelerated GrimAge. Additionally, these PRS interacted with a range of potentially modifiable psychosocial variables, such as exercise and gratitude, previously identified as associated with accelerated GrimAge. Using gene enrichment, we identified anti-inflammatory and antihistamine drugs that perturbate pathways of genes highly represented in the inflammatory PRS, laying the groundwork for future work to evaluate the potential of these drugs in mitigating epigenetic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J F Tamman
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Dora Koller
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheila Nagamatsu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chadi Abdallah
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Na P, Zhou H, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Cabrera-Mendoza B, Petrakis IL, Krystal JH, Polimanti R, Gelernter J, Pietrzak RH. Positive personality traits moderate persistent high alcohol consumption, determined by polygenic risk in U.S. military veterans: results from a 10-year, population-based, observational cohort study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7893-7901. [PMID: 37642191 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172300199x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the interplay between psychosocial factors and polygenic risk scores (PRS) may help elucidate the biopsychosocial etiology of high alcohol consumption (HAC). This study examined the psychosocial moderators of HAC, determined by polygenic risk in a 10-year longitudinal study of US military veterans. We hypothesized that positive psychosocial traits (e.g. social support, personality traits, optimism, gratitude) may buffer risk of HAC in veterans with greater polygenic liability for alcohol consumption (AC). METHODS Data were analyzed from 1323 European-American US veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a 10-year, nationally representative longitudinal study of US military veterans. PRS reflecting genome-wide risk for AC (AUDIT-C) was derived from a Million Veteran Program genome-wide association study (N = 200 680). RESULTS Among the total sample, 328 (weighted 24.8%) had persistent HAC, 131 (weighted 9.9%) had new-onset HAC, 44 (weighted 3.3%) had remitted HAC, and 820 (weighted 62.0%) had no/low AC over the 10-year study period. AUDIT-C PRS was positively associated with persistent HAC relative to no/low AC [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23-1.67] and remitted HAC (RRR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.07-2.50). Among veterans with higher AUDIT-C PRS, greater baseline levels of agreeableness and greater dispositional gratitude were inversely associated with persistent HAC. CONCLUSIONS AUDIT-C PRS was prospectively associated with persistent HAC over a 10-year period, and agreeableness and dispositional gratitude moderated this association. Clinical interventions designed to target these modifiable psychological traits may help mitigate risk of persistent HAC in veterans with greater polygenic liability for persistent HAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Na
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ismene L Petrakis
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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Andrade-Brito DE, Núñez-Ríos DL, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Nagamatsu ST, Rompala G, Zillich L, Witt SH, Clark SL, Latig MC, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome analysis reveal replicated and novel loci associated with alcohol use disorder. medRxiv 2023:2023.11.28.23299094. [PMID: 38105948 PMCID: PMC10725575 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.28.23299094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex condition associated with adverse health consequences that affect millions of individuals worldwide. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation (5mC), have been associated with AUD and other alcohol-related traits. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have identified differentially methylated genes associated with AUD in human peripheral and brain tissue. More recently, epigenetic studies of AUD have also evaluated DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) in the human brain. However, most of the epigenetic work in postmortem brain tissue has examined bulk tissue. In this study, we investigated neuronal-specific 5mC and 5hmC alterations at CpG sites associated with AUD in the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Neuronal nuclei from the OFC were evaluated in 34 human postmortem brain samples (10 AUD, 24 non-AUD). Reduced representation oxidative bisulfite sequencing was used to assess 5mC and 5hmC at the genome-wide level. Differential 5mC and 5hmC were evaluated using the methylKit R package and significance was set at false discovery rate <0.05 and differential methylation >2. Functional enrichment analyses were performed and replication was evaluated replication in an independent dataset that assessed 5mC and 5hmC of AUD in bulk cortical tissue. We identified 417 5mC and 363 5hmC genome-wide significant differential CpG sites associated with AUD, with 59% in gene promoters. We also identified genes previously implicated in alcohol consumption, such as SYK, CHRM2, DNMT3A, and GATA4, for 5mC and GATA4, and GAD1, GATA4, DLX1 for 5hmC. Replication was observed for 28 CpG sites from a previous AUD 5mC and 5hmC study, including FOXP1. Lastly, GWAS enrichment analysis showed an association with AUD for differential 5mC genes. This study reveals neuronal-specific methylome and hydroxymethylome dysregulation associated with AUD. We replicated previous findings and identified novel associations with AUD for both 5mC and 5hmC marks within the OFC. Our findings provide new insights into the epigenomic dysregulation of AUD in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego E. Andrade-Brito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana L. Núñez-Ríos
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheila T. Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gregory Rompala
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Lea Zillich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H. Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shaunna L. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Maria C. Latig
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA
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7
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Rompala G, Nagamatsu ST, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Nuñez-Ríos DL, Wang J, Girgenti MJ, Krystal JH, Gelernter J, Hurd YL, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Profiling neuronal methylome and hydroxymethylome of opioid use disorder in the human orbitofrontal cortex. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4544. [PMID: 37507366 PMCID: PMC10382503 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. While recent research suggests epigenetic disturbances in OUD, this is mostly limited to DNA methylation (5mC). DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) has been widely understudied. We conducted a multi-omics profiling of OUD in a male cohort, integrating neuronal-specific 5mC and 5hmC as well as gene expression profiles from human postmortem orbitofrontal cortex (OUD = 12; non-OUD = 26). Single locus methylomic analysis and co-methylation analysis showed a higher number of OUD-associated genes and gene networks for 5hmC compared to 5mC; these were enriched for GPCR, Wnt, neurogenesis, and opioid signaling. 5hmC marks also showed a higher correlation with gene expression patterns and enriched for GWAS of psychiatric traits. Drug interaction analysis revealed interactions with opioid-related drugs, some used as OUD treatments. Our multi-omics findings suggest an important role of 5hmC and reveal loci epigenetically dysregulated in OFC neurons of individuals with OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheila T Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana L Nuñez-Ríos
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew J Girgenti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yasmin L Hurd
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA.
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8
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Martínez-Magaña JJ, Krystal JH, Girgenti MJ, Núnez-Ríos DL, Nagamatsu ST, Andrade-Brito DE, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Decoding the role of transcriptomic clocks in the human prefrontal cortex. medRxiv 2023:2023.04.19.23288765. [PMID: 37163025 PMCID: PMC10168432 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.23288765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process with interindividual variability, which can be measured by aging biological clocks. Aging clocks are machine-learning algorithms guided by biological information and associated with mortality risk and a wide range of health outcomes. One of these aging clocks are transcriptomic clocks, which uses gene expression data to predict biological age; however, their functional role is unknown. Here, we profiled two transcriptomic clocks (RNAAgeCalc and knowledge-based deep neural network clock) in a large dataset of human postmortem prefrontal cortex (PFC) samples. We identified that deep-learning transcriptomic clock outperforms RNAAgeCalc to predict transcriptomic age in the human PFC. We identified associations of transcriptomic clocks with psychiatric-related traits. Further, we applied system biology algorithms to identify common gene networks among both clocks and performed pathways enrichment analyses to assess its functionality and prioritize genes involved in the aging processes. Identified gene networks showed enrichment for diseases of signal transduction by growth factor receptors and second messenger pathways. We also observed enrichment of genome-wide signals of mental and physical health outcomes and identified genes previously associated with human brain aging. Our findings suggest a link between transcriptomic aging and health disorders, including psychiatric traits. Further, it reveals functional genes within the human PFC that may play an important role in aging and health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Martínez-Magaña
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H. Krystal
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
- Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Health Care System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew J. Girgenti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana L. Núnez-Ríos
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheila T. Nagamatsu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diego E. Andrade-Brito
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
- Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Health Care System, West Haven, CT, USA
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9
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Tamman AJF, Nagamatsu S, Krystal JH, Gelernter J, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Pietrzak RH. Psychosocial Factors Associated With Accelerated GrimAge in Male U.S. Military Veterans. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:97-109. [PMID: 36210262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Veterans are at high risk for health morbidities linked to premature mortality. Recently developed "epigenetic clock" algorithms, which compute intra-individual differences between biological and chronological aging, can help inform prediction of accelerated biological aging and mortality risk. To date, however, scarce research has examined potentially modifiable correlates of GrimAge, a novel epigenetic clock comprised of DNA methylation surrogates of plasma proteins and smoking pack-years associated with various morbidities and time-to-death. The objective of the study was to examine psychosocial correlates of this novel epigenetic clock. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING U.S. veteran population. PARTICIPANTS Participants were male, European American (EA), and derived from a nationally representative sample of U.S. veterans (N = 1,135, mean age = 63.3, standard deviation [SD] = 13.0). MEASUREMENTS We examined the prevalence of accelerated GrimAge and its association with a broad range of health, lifestyle, and psychosocial variables. RESULTS A total 18.3% of veterans had accelerated GrimAge (≥5 years greater GrimAge than chronological age; mean = 8.4 years acceleration, SD = 2.2). Fewer days of weekly physical exercise (relative variance explained [RVE] = 27%), history of lifetime substance use disorder (RVE = 21%), greater number of lifetime traumas (RVE = 19%), lower gratitude (RVE = 13%), reduced sleep quality (RVE = 7%), lower openness to experience (RVE = 7%), and unmarried/partnered status (RVE = 6%) were independently associated with increased odds of accelerated GrimAge. Increasing numbers of these risk factors were associated with greater odds of accelerated GrimAge, with greatest likelihood of acceleration for veterans with ≥3 risk factors (weighted 21.5%). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that nearly 1-of-5 EA male U.S. veterans have accelerated GrimAge, and highlight a broad range of health, lifestyle, and psychosocial variables associated with accelerated GrimAge. Given that many of these factors are modifiable, these findings provide promising leads for risk stratification models of accelerated biological aging and precision medicine-based targets for interventions to mitigate risk for premature mortality in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J F Tamman
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine (AJFT), Houston, TX.
| | - Sheila Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine (SN, JHK, JG, JLM-O, RHP), New Haven, CT
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine (SN, JHK, JG, JLM-O, RHP), New Haven, CT; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (JHK, JG, RHP), West Haven, CT
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine (SN, JHK, JG, JLM-O, RHP), New Haven, CT; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (JHK, JG, RHP), West Haven, CT
| | | | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine (SN, JHK, JG, JLM-O, RHP), New Haven, CT; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System (JHK, JG, RHP), West Haven, CT; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health (RHP), New Haven, CT
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10
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Núñez-Rios DL, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Nagamatsu ST, Krystal JH, Martínez-González KG, Giusti-Rodríguez P, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Cross-Species Convergence of Brain Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Findings in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review. Complex Psychiatry 2023; 9:100-118. [PMID: 37404872 PMCID: PMC10315001 DOI: 10.1159/000529536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex multifactorial disorder influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Analyses of epigenomic and transcriptomic modifications may help to dissect the biological factors underlying the gene-environment interplay in PTSD. To date, most human PTSD epigenetics studies have used peripheral tissue, and these findings have complex and poorly understood relationships to brain alterations. Studies examining brain tissue may help characterize the brain-specific transcriptomic and epigenomic profiles of PTSD. In this review, we compiled and integrated brain-specific molecular findings of PTSD from humans and animals. Methods A systematic literature search according to the PRISMA criteria was performed to identify transcriptomic and epigenomic studies of PTSD, focusing on brain tissue from human postmortem samples or animal-stress paradigms. Results Gene- and pathway-level convergence analyses revealed PTSD-dysregulated genes and biological pathways across brain regions and species. A total of 243 genes converged across species, with 17 of them significantly enriched for PTSD. Chemical synaptic transmission and signaling by G-protein-coupled receptors were consistently enriched across omics and species. Discussion Our findings point out dysregulated genes highly replicated across PTSD studies in humans and animal models and suggest a potential role for the corticotropin-releasing hormone/orexin pathway in PTSD's pathophysiology. Further, we highlight current knowledge gaps and limitations and recommend future directions to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Leandra Núñez-Rios
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheila Tiemi Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H. Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Paola Giusti-Rodríguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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11
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Atkinson EG, Bianchi SB, Ye GY, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Tietz GE, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Giusti-Rodriguez P, Palmer AA, Sanchez-Roige S. Cross-ancestry genomic research: time to close the gap. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1737-1738. [PMID: 35739257 PMCID: PMC9372026 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Atkinson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sevim B Bianchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gordon Y Ye
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Grace E Tietz
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paola Giusti-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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12
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Na PJ, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Nagamatsu ST, Southwick SM, Krystal JH, Gelernter J, Pietrzak RH. Association of Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and GrimAge, an Epigenetic Marker of Mortality Risk, in US Military Veterans. J Clin Psychiatry 2022; 83. [PMID: 35802930 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.21br14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Na
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Corresponding author: Peter J. Na, MD, MPH, 300 George St, Ste 901, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sheila T Nagamatsu
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Steven M Southwick
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
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13
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Núñez-Rios DL, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Nagamatsu ST, Andrade-Brito DE, Forero DA, Orozco-Castaño CA, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Central and Peripheral Immune Dysregulation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Convergent Multi-Omics Evidence. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051107. [PMID: 35625844 PMCID: PMC9138536 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and multifactorial disorder with a prevalence ranging between 6–10% in the general population and ~35% in individuals with high lifetime trauma exposure. Growing evidence indicates that the immune system may contribute to the etiology of PTSD, suggesting the inflammatory dysregulation as a hallmark feature of PTSD. However, the potential interplay between the central and peripheral immune system, as well as the biological mechanisms underlying this dysregulation remain poorly understood. The activation of the HPA axis after trauma exposure and the subsequent activation of the inflammatory system mediated by glucocorticoids is the most common mechanism that orchestrates an exacerbated immunological response in PTSD. Recent high-throughput analyses in peripheral and brain tissue from both humans with and animal models of PTSD have found that changes in gene regulation via epigenetic alterations may participate in the impaired inflammatory signaling in PTSD. The goal of this review is to assess the role of the inflammatory system in PTSD across tissue and species, with a particular focus on the genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, and proteomics domains. We conducted an integrative multi-omics approach identifying TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) signaling, interleukins, chemokines, Toll-like receptors and glucocorticoids among the common dysregulated pathways in both central and peripheral immune systems in PTSD and propose potential novel drug targets for PTSD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana L. Núñez-Rios
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.L.N.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (S.T.N.); (D.E.A.-B.)
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - José J. Martínez-Magaña
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.L.N.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (S.T.N.); (D.E.A.-B.)
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Sheila T. Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.L.N.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (S.T.N.); (D.E.A.-B.)
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Diego E. Andrade-Brito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.L.N.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (S.T.N.); (D.E.A.-B.)
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Diego A. Forero
- Health and Sport Sciences Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (D.A.F.); (C.A.O.-C.)
| | - Carlos A. Orozco-Castaño
- Health and Sport Sciences Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (D.A.F.); (C.A.O.-C.)
| | - Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.L.N.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (S.T.N.); (D.E.A.-B.)
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(203)-9325711 (ext. 7491)
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14
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Nagamatsu ST, Rompala G, Hurd YL, Núñez-Rios DL, Montalvo-Ortiz JL. CpH methylome analysis in human cortical neurons identifies novel gene pathways and drug targets for opioid use disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1078894. [PMID: 36745154 PMCID: PMC9892724 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1078894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA methylation (DNAm), an epigenetic mechanism, has been associated with opioid use disorder (OUD) in preclinical and human studies. However, most of the studies have focused on DNAm at CpG sites. DNAm at non-CpG sites (mCpHs, where H indicates A, T, or C) has been recently shown to have a role in gene regulation and to be highly abundant in neurons. However, its role in OUD is unknown. This work aims to evaluate mCpHs in the human postmortem orbital frontal cortex (OFC) in the context of OUD. METHODS A total of 38 Postmortem OFC samples were obtained from the VA Brain Bank (OUD = 12; Control = 26). mCpHs were assessed using reduced representation oxidative bisulfite sequencing in neuronal nuclei. Differential analysis was performed using the "methylkit" R package. Age, ancestry, postmortem interval, PTSD, and smoking status were included as covariates. Significant mCpHs were set at q-value < 0.05. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed for the annotated genes of all differential mCpH loci using String, ShinyGO, and amiGO software. Further, all annotated genes were analyzed using the Drug gene interaction database (DGIdb). RESULTS A total of 2,352 differentially methylated genome-wide significant mCpHs were identified in OUD, mapping to 2,081 genes. GO analysis of genes with differential mCpH loci showed enrichment for nervous system development (p-value = 2.32E-19). KEGG enrichment analysis identified axon guidance and glutamatergic synapse (FDR 9E-4-2.1E-2). Drug interaction analysis found 3,420 interactions between the annotated genes and drugs, identifying interactions with 15 opioid-related drugs, including lofexidine and tizanidine, both previously used for the treatment of OUD-related symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a role of mCpHs for OUD in cortical neurons and reveal important biological pathways and drug targets associated with the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila T Nagamatsu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut (VA CT) Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, United States.,Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gregory Rompala
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yasmin L Hurd
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Diana L Núñez-Rios
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut (VA CT) Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, United States.,Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut (VA CT) Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, United States.,Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT, United States
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15
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Barcelona V, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Wright ML, Nagamatsu ST, Dreisbach C, Crusto CA, Sun YV, Taylor JY. DNA methylation changes in African American women with a history of preterm birth from the InterGEN study. BMC Genom Data 2021; 22:30. [PMID: 34482817 PMCID: PMC8418749 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-00988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth (< 37 weeks’ gestation) is a common outcome of pregnancy that has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease for women later in life. Little is known about the physiologic mechanisms underlying this risk. To date, no studies have evaluated if differences in DNA methylation (DNAm) among women who experience preterm birth are short-term or if they persist and are associated with subsequent cardiovascular sequelae or other health disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine long-term epigenetic effects of preterm birth in African American mothers (n = 182) from the InterGEN Study (2014–2019). In this study, we determine if differences in DNAm exist between women who reported a preterm birth in the last 3–5 years compared to those who had full-term births by using two different approaches: epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) and genome-wide co-methylation analyses. Results Though no significant CpG sites were identified using the EWAS approach, we did identify significant modules of co-methylation associated with preterm birth. Co-methylation analyses showed correlations with preterm birth in gene ontology and KEGG pathways. Functional annotation analysis revealed enrichment for pathways related to central nervous system and sensory perception. No association was observed between DNAm age and preterm birth, though larger samples are needed to confirm this further. Conclusions We identified differentially methylated gene networks associated with preterm birth in African American women 3–5 years after birth, including pathways related to neurogenesis and sensory processing. More research is needed to understand better these associations and replicate them in an independent cohort. Further study should be done in this area to elucidate mechanisms linking preterm birth and later epigenomic changes that may contribute to the development of health disorders and maternal mood and well-being. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-021-00988-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Barcelona
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, 560 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Errera Community Care Center-Orange Annex, Yale University, 200 Edison Road, Orange, CT, 06477, USA
| | - Michelle L Wright
- School of Nursing & Dell Medical School, Department of Women's Health, University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St., Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sheila T Nagamatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Errera Community Care Center-Orange Annex, Yale University, 200 Edison Road, Orange, CT, 06477, USA
| | - Caitlin Dreisbach
- Columbia University, Data Science Institute, Northwest Corner, 550 W 120th St #1401, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Cindy A Crusto
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 389 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Yan V Sun
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Y Taylor
- Center for Research on People of Color, School of Nursing, Columbia University, 560 W 168th St, Room 605, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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16
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Tamman AJF, Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Krystal JH, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Southwick SM, Sippel LM, Gelernter J, Polimanti R, Pietrzak RH. Attachment Style Moderates Polygenic Risk for Posttraumatic Stress in United States Military Veterans: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:878-887. [PMID: 33276944 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from genome-wide association studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may inform risk for this disorder. To date, however, no known study has examined whether social environmental factors such as attachment style may moderate the relation between PRS and PTSD. METHODS We evaluated main and interactive effects of PRS and attachment style on PTSD symptoms in a nationally representative sample of trauma-exposed European-American U.S. military veterans (N = 2030). PRS was derived from a genome-wide association study of PTSD re-experiencing symptoms (N = 146,660) in the Million Veteran Program cohort. Using one-sample Mendelian randomization with data from the UK Biobank (N = 115,099), we evaluated the effects of re-experiencing PRS and attachment style on PTSD symptoms. RESULTS Higher re-experiencing PRS and secure attachment style were independently associated with PTSD symptoms. A significant PRS-by-attachment style interaction was also observed (β = -.11, p = .006), with a positive association between re-experiencing PRS and PTSD symptoms observed only among veterans with an insecure attachment style. One-sample Mendelian randomization analyses suggested that the association between PTSD symptoms and attachment style is bidirectional. PRS enrichment analyses revealed a significant interaction between attachment style and a variant mapping to the IGSF11 gene (rs151177743, p = 2.1 × 10-7), which is implicated in regulating excitatory synaptic transmission and plasticity. CONCLUSIONS Attachment style may moderate polygenic risk for PTSD symptoms, and a novel locus implicated in synaptic transmission and plasticity may serve as a possible biological mediator of this association. These findings may help inform interpersonally oriented treatments for PTSD for individuals with high polygenic risk for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - John H Krystal
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Steven M Southwick
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lauren M Sippel
- Executive Division, National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, Vermont; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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17
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de Araújo CM, Hudziak J, Crocetti D, Wymbs NF, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Orr C, Albaugh MD, Althoff RR, O'Loughlin K, Holbrook H, Garavan H, Yang BZ, Mostofsky S, Jackowski A, Lee RS, Gelernter J, Kaufman J. Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP) gene methylation and corpus callosum measures in maltreated children. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 298:111058. [PMID: 32120304 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to evaluate the impact of Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP) methylation on structural and fractional anisotropy (FA) corpus callosum (CC) measures. TPPP is involved in the development of white matter tracts in the brain and was implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders in an unbiased whole epigenome methylation study. The cohort included 63 participants (11.73 y/o ±1.91) from a larger study investigating risk and resilience in maltreated children. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to process the structural data, fractional anisotropy (FA) was determined using an atlas-based approach, and DNA specimens were derived from saliva in two batches using the 450 K (N = 39) and 850 K (N = 24) Illumina arrays, with the data from each batch analyzed separately. After controlling for multiple comparisons and relevant covariates (e.g., demographics, brain volume, cell composition, 3 PCs), 850 K derived TPPP methylation values, in interaction with a dimensional measure of children's trauma experiences, predicted left and right CC body volumes and genu, body and splenium FA (p < .007, all comparisons). The findings in the splenium replicated in subjects with the 450 K data. The results extend prior investigations and suggest a role for TPPP in brain changes associated with stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Maria de Araújo
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James Hudziak
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Deana Crocetti
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States
| | - Nicholas F Wymbs
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States
| | | | - Catherine Orr
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Matthew D Albaugh
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Robert R Althoff
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kerry O'Loughlin
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Hannah Holbrook
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Stewart Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, , United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Richard S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Veterans Administration, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Joan Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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18
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Wymbs NF, Orr C, Albaugh MD, Althoff RR, O'Loughlin K, Holbrook H, Garavan H, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Mostofsky S, Hudziak J, Kaufman J. Social supports moderate the effects of child adversity on neural correlates of threat processing. Child Abuse Negl 2020; 102:104413. [PMID: 32065988 PMCID: PMC8060780 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child abuse and other forms of adversity are associated with alterations in threat processing and emotion regulation brain circuits. OBJECTIVE The goal of the current investigation is to determine if the availability of positive social support can ameliorate the negative impact of adversity on these brain systems. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Subjects included 55 children ages 7-16 (X = 11.8, SD = 2.0). Approximately one-third of the cohort had no significant history of adversity, one-third had a history of moderate adversity, and one-third had a history of severe adversity. Brain imaging was conducted at the University of Vermont using a 3.0 T Philips scanner. METHODS The Emotional Go-NoGo task with fearful and calm facial stimuli was used to assess the neural correlates of threat processing and emotion regulation in children during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Dimensional measures of anxiety, social supports, and children's adverse experiences were also obtained. RESULTS A conjunction analysis was used to test if trauma-related brain activation in responding to fearful vs. calm targets was impacted by social support. This approach identified multiple activation foci, including a cluster extending from the left amygdala to several other key brain regions involved in emotion regulation, including the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), anterior insula, nucleus accumbens, and frontal pole (Family Wise Error (FWE) correction, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Greater social support may reduce the effect that adversity has on neural processing of threat stimuli, consistent with the protective role of positive supports in promoting resilience and recovery demonstrated in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F Wymbs
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Catherine Orr
- Swinburne University of Technology, John St, Hawthorn, 3122, Australia; Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, UHC Campus, Arnold 3, 1 South Prospect, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Matthew D Albaugh
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, UHC Campus, Arnold 3, 1 South Prospect, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Robert R Althoff
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, UHC Campus, Arnold 3, 1 South Prospect, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Kerry O'Loughlin
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, UHC Campus, Arnold 3, 1 South Prospect, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Hannah Holbrook
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, UHC Campus, Arnold 3, 1 South Prospect, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, UHC Campus, Arnold 3, 1 South Prospect, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | | | - Stewart Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - James Hudziak
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, UHC Campus, Arnold 3, 1 South Prospect, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Joan Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 1741 Ashland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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19
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Montalvo-Ortiz JL. Advancing Alcohol Genetics Research: One Genome-wide Association Study at a Time and Beyond. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:590-591. [PMID: 32164913 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and the Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut.
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20
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Tamman AJF, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Southwick SM, Krystal JH, Levy BR, Pietrzak RH. Accelerated DNA Methylation Aging in U.S. Military Veterans: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 27:528-532. [PMID: 30792041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify how a broad range of sociodemographic, military, health, and psychosocial factors relate to accelerated DNA methylation aging (Δage) in a large, contemporary, nationally representative sample of male U.S. veterans. METHODS Data were analyzed from a sample of U.S. male European-American veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (N = 1,135). RESULTS Psychosocial factors of lifetime trauma burden, child sexual trauma, and negative beliefs about aging were independently associated with Δage. Three health variables-diabetes, hypertension, and body mass index-emerged as additional correlates of Δage. CONCLUSION Results of the study build on prior work demonstrating associations between accelerated DNA methylation aging and traumatic stress, highlighting a role for child sexual abuse in particular. They further underscore the importance of targeting negative beliefs about aging, which are modifiable, in prevention efforts designed to forestall accelerated DNA methylation aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry (JLM, SMS, JHK, RHP), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Steven M Southwick
- Department of Psychiatry (JLM, SMS, JHK, RHP), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Clinical Neurosciences Division (SMS, JHK, RHP), U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry (JLM, SMS, JHK, RHP), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Clinical Neurosciences Division (SMS, JHK, RHP), U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| | - Becca R Levy
- Yale School of Public Health (BRL, RHP), New Haven, CT
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry (JLM, SMS, JHK, RHP), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Clinical Neurosciences Division (SMS, JHK, RHP), U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT; Yale School of Public Health (BRL, RHP), New Haven, CT
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21
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Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Cheng Z, Kranzler HR, Zhang H, Gelernter J. Genomewide Study of Epigenetic Biomarkers of Opioid Dependence in European- American Women. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4660. [PMID: 30874594 PMCID: PMC6420601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently an epidemic of opioid use, overdose, and dependence in the United States. Although opioid dependence (OD) is more prevalent in men, opioid relapse and fatal opioid overdoses have recently increased at a higher rate among women. Epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in the etiology of OD, though most studies to date have used candidate gene approaches. We conducted the first epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of OD in a sample of 220 European-American (EA) women (140 OD cases, 80 opioid-exposed controls). DNA was derived from whole blood samples and EWAS was implemented using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC array. To identify differentially methylated CpG sites, we performed an association analysis adjusting for age, estimates of cell proportions, smoking status, and the first three principal components to correct for population stratification. After correction for multiple testing, association analysis identified three genome-wide significant differentially methylated CpG sites mapping to the PARG, RERE, and CFAP77 genes. These genes are involved in chromatin remodeling, DNA binding, cell survival, and cell projection. Previous genome-wide association studies have identified RERE risk variants in association with psychiatric disorders and educational attainment. DNA methylation age in the peripheral blood did not differ between OD subjects and opioid-exposed controls. Our findings implicate epigenetic mechanisms in OD and, if replicated, identify possible novel peripheral biomarkers of OD that could inform the prevention and treatment of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhongshan Cheng
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Studies of Addiction and Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
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22
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Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Zhou H, D’Andrea I, Maroteaux L, Lori A, Smith A, Ressler KJ, Nuñez YZ, Farrer LA, Zhao H, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Translational studies support a role for serotonin 2B receptor (HTR2B) gene in aggression-related cannabis response. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:2277-2286. [PMID: 29875475 PMCID: PMC6281782 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cannabis use is increasing in the United States, as are its adverse effects. We investigated the genetics of an adverse consequence of cannabis use: cannabis-related aggression (CRA) using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) design. Our GWAS sample included 3269 African Americans (AAs) and 2546 European Americans (EAs). An additional 89 AA subjects from the Grady Trauma Project (GTP) were also examined using a proxy-phenotype replication approach. We identified genome-wide significant risk loci contributing to CRA in AAs at the serotonin receptor 2B receptor gene (HTR2B), and the lead SNP, HTR2B*rs17440378, showed nominal association to aggression in the GTP cohort of cannabis-exposed subjects. A priori evidence linked HTR2B to impulsivity/aggression but not to cannabis response. Human functional data regarding the HTR2B variant further supported our finding. Treating an Htr2b-/- knockout mouse with THC resulted in increased aggressive behavior, whereas wild-type mice following THC administration showed decreased aggression in the resident-intruder paradigm, demonstrating that HTR2B variation moderates the effects of cannabis on aggression. These concordant findings in mice and humans implicate HTR2B as a major locus associated with cannabis-induced aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hang Zhou
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ivana D’Andrea
- INSERM UMR-S 839, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, F-75005, Paris; Institut du Fer à Moulin, F-75005, Paris
| | - Luc Maroteaux
- INSERM UMR-S 839, F-75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 6, F-75005, Paris; Institut du Fer à Moulin, F-75005, Paris
| | - Adriana Lori
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alicia Smith
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Belmont, Massachusets, USA
| | - Yaira Z. Nuñez
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Neurology, Ophthalmology, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Boston, Massachusets, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Yale School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Yale School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Studies of Addiction and Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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23
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Kaufman J, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Holbrook H, O’Loughlin K, Orr C, Kearney C, Yang BZ, Wang T, Zhao H, Althoff R, Garavan H, Gelernter J, Hudziak J. Adverse Childhood Experiences, Epigenetic Measures, and Obesity in Youth. J Pediatr 2018; 202:150-156.e3. [PMID: 30177354 PMCID: PMC6513669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if measures of adverse childhood experiences and DNA methylation relate to indices of obesity in youth. STUDY DESIGN Participants were derived from a cohort of 321 8 to 15-year-old children recruited for an investigation examining risk and resilience and psychiatric outcomes in maltreated children. Assessments of obesity were collected as an add-on for a subset of 234 participants (56% female; 52% maltreated). Illumina arrays were used to examine whole genome epigenetic predictors of obesity in saliva DNA. For analytic purposes, the cohort analyzed in the first batch comprised the discovery sample (n = 160), and the cohort analyzed in the second batch the replication sample (n = 74). RESULTS After controlling for race, sex, age, cell heterogeneity, 3 principal components, and whole genome testing, 10 methylation sites were found to interact with adverse childhood experiences to predict cross-sectional measures of body mass index, and an additional 6 sites were found to exert a main effect in predicting body mass index (P < 5.0 × 10-7, all comparisons). Eight of the methylation sites were in genes previously associated with obesity risk (eg, PCK2, CxCl10, BCAT1, HID1, PRDM16, MADD, PXDN, GALE), with several of the findings from the discovery data set replicated in the second cohort. CONCLUSIONS This study lays the groundwork for future longitudinal studies to elucidate these mechanisms further and identify novel interventions to alleviate the health burdens associated with early adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Kaufman
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
| | | | - Hannah Holbrook
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Kerry O’Loughlin
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Catherine Orr
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Catherine Kearney
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Robert Althoff
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT,Veterans Administration, West Haven, CT
| | - James Hudziak
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
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24
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Kaufman J, Wymbs NF, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Orr C, Albaugh MD, Althoff R, O’Loughlin K, Holbrook H, Garavan H, Kearney C, Yang BZ, Zhao H, Peña C, Nestler EJ, Lee RS, Mostofsky S, Gelernter J, Hudziak J. Methylation in OTX2 and related genes, maltreatment, and depression in children. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:2204-2211. [PMID: 30089883 PMCID: PMC6135753 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Through unbiased transcriptomics and multiple molecular tools, transient downregulation of the Orthodenticle homeobox 2 (OTX2) gene was recently causatively associated with the development of depressive-like behaviors in a mouse model of early life stress. The analyses presented in this manuscript test the translational applicability of these findings by examining peripheral markers of methylation of OTX2 and OTX2-regulated genes in relation to measures of depression and resting-state functional connectivity data collected as part of a larger study examining risk and resilience in maltreated children. The sample included 157 children between the ages of 8 and 15 years (χ = 11.4, SD = 1.9). DNA specimens were derived from saliva samples and processed using the Illumina 450 K beadchip. A subset of children (N = 47) with DNA specimens also had resting-state functional MRI data. After controlling for demographic factors, cell heterogeneity, and three principal components, maltreatment history and methylation in OTX2 significantly predicted depression in the children. In terms of the imaging data, increased OTX2 methylation was found to be associated with increased functional connectivity between the right vmPFC and bilateral regions of the medial frontal cortex and the cingulate, including the subcallosal gyrus, frontal pole, and paracingulate gyrus-key structures implicated in depression. Mouse models of early stress hold significant promise in helping to unravel the mechanisms by which child adversity confers risk for psychopathology, with data presented in this manuscript supporting a potential role for OTX2 and OTX2-related (e.g., WNT1, PAX6) genes in the pathophysiology of stress-related depressive disorders in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Kaufman
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Nicholas F. Wymbs
- 0000 0004 0427 667Xgrid.240023.7Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD USA
| | | | - Catherine Orr
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Matthew D. Albaugh
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Robert Althoff
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Kerry O’Loughlin
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Hannah Holbrook
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
| | - Catherine Kearney
- 0000 0004 0427 667Xgrid.240023.7Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Bao-Zhu Yang
- 0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- 0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Catherine Peña
- 0000 0001 0670 2351grid.59734.3cFishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Eric J. Nestler
- 0000 0001 0670 2351grid.59734.3cFishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Richard S. Lee
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Stewart Mostofsky
- 0000 0004 0427 667Xgrid.240023.7Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- 0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA ,0000000419368710grid.47100.32Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA ,0000 0004 0478 7015grid.418356.dVeterans Administration, West Haven, CT USA
| | - James Hudziak
- 0000 0004 1936 7689grid.59062.38Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT USA
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Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Zhang H, Chen C, Liu C, Coccaro EF. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Changes Associated with Intermittent Explosive Disorder: A Gene-Based Functional Enrichment Analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 21:12-20. [PMID: 29106553 PMCID: PMC5789263 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent explosive disorder is defined as a recurrent, problematic, and impulsive aggression that affects 3% to 4% of the US population. While behavioral genetic studies report a substantial degree of genetic influence on aggression and impulsivity, epigenetic mechanisms underlying aggression and intermittent explosive disorder are not well known. METHODS The sample included 44 subjects (22 with a DSM-5 diagnosis of intermittent explosive disorder and 22 comparable subjects without intermittent explosive disorder). Peripheral blood DNA methylome was profiled using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip. Intermittent explosive disorder-associated genome-wide DNA methylation changes were analyzed using the CpGassoc R package, with covariates age, sex, and race being adjusted. A gene-based functional enrichment analysis was performed to identify pathways that were overrepresented by genes harboring highly differentially methylated CpG sites. RESULTS A total of 27 CpG sites were differentially methylated in IED participants (P<5.0×10-5), but none reached genome-wide significant threshold. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that genes mapped by these CpG sites are involved in the inflammatory/immune system, the endocrine system, and neuronal differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with our previous studies showing an association of inflammatory response with aggressive behavior in intermittent explosive disorder subjects, our gene-based pathway analysis using differentially methylated CpG sites supports inflammatory response as an important mechanism involved in intermittent explosive disorder and reveals other novel biological processes possibly associated with intermittent explosive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Emil F Coccaro
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,Correspondence: Emil F. Coccaro, MD, Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 ()
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Montalvo-Ortiz JL. A New Perspective on the Mechanisms of Neglect. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 82:e49-e50. [PMID: 28870299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Fisher DW, Rodriguez G, Fang D, Csernansky JG, Dong H. Histone deacetylase inhibitors reverse age-related increases in side effects of haloperidol in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:2385-2398. [PMID: 28421257 PMCID: PMC5538925 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older patients can be especially susceptible to antipsychotic-induced side effects, and the pharmacodynamic mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. We hypothesized that age-related epigenetic alterations lead to decreased expression and functionality of the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R), contributing to this susceptibility. METHODS In this study, we treated young (2-3 months old) and aged (22-24 months old) C57BL/6 mice with the D2R antagonist haloperidol (HAL) once a day for 14 days to evaluate HAL-induced motor side effects. In addition, we pretreated separate groups of young and aged mice with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors valproic acid (VPA) or entinostat (MS-275) and then administered HAL. RESULTS Our results show that the motor side effects of HAL are exaggerated in aged mice as compared to young mice and that HDAC inhibitors are able to reverse the severity of these deficits. HAL-induced motor deficits in aged mice are associated with an age- and drug-dependent decrease in striatal D2R protein levels and functionality. Further, histone acetylation was reduced while histone tri-methylation was increased at specific lysine residues of H3 and H4 within the Drd2 promoter in the striatum of aged mice. HDAC inhibitors, particularly VPA, restored striatal D2R protein levels and functionality and reversed age- and drug-related histone modifications at the Drd2 promoter. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that epigenetic changes at the striatal Drd2 promoter drive age-related increases in antipsychotic side effect susceptibility, and HDAC inhibitors may be an effective adjunct treatment strategy to reduce side effects in aged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janitza L. Montalvo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Daniel W. Fisher
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guadalupe Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - John G. Csernansky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 7-103, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Gelernter J, Hudziak J, Kaufman J. RDoC and translational perspectives on the genetics of trauma-related psychiatric disorders. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171B:81-91. [PMID: 26592203 PMCID: PMC4754782 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with a history of child abuse are at high risk for depression, anxiety disorders, aggressive behavior, and substance use problems. The goal of this paper is to review studies of the genetics of these stress-related psychiatric disorders. An informative subset of studies that examined candidate gene by environment (GxE) predictors of these psychiatric problems in individuals maltreated as children is reviewed, together with extant genome wide association studies (GWAS). Emerging findings on epigenetic changes associated with adverse early experiences are also reviewed. Meta-analytic support and replicated findings are evident for several genetic risk factors; however, extant research suggests the effects are pleiotropic. Genetic factors are not associated with distinct psychiatric disorders, but rather diverse clinical phenotypes. Research also suggests adverse early life experiences are associated with changes in gene expression of multiple known candidate genes, genes involved in DNA transcription and translation, and genes necessary for brain circuitry development, with changes in gene expression reported in key brain structures implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric and substance use disorders. The finding of pleiotropy highlights the value of using the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework in future studies of the genetics of stress-related psychiatric disorders, and not trying simply to link genes to multifaceted clinical syndromes, but to more limited phenotypes that map onto distinct neural circuits. Emerging work in the field of epigenetics also suggests that translational studies that integrate numerous unbiased genome-wide approaches will help to further unravel the genetics of stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut,Veteran's Administration Connecticut Health Care Center, Newington, Connecticut
| | - James Hudziak
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Joan Kaufman
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Correspondence to: Joan Kaufman, Ph.D., Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 1750 East Fairmont Street, Baltimore, MD 21231.
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Varghese SP, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Csernansky JG, Eiger RI, Herrold AA, Koola MM, Dong H. Early Life Stress as a Risk Factor for Substance use Disorders: Clinical and Neurobiological Substrates. Indian J Psychol Med 2015; 37:36-41. [PMID: 25722510 PMCID: PMC4341308 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.150816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early Life Stress (ELS) can profoundly influence an individual's genotype and phenotype. Effects of ELS can manifest in the short-term, late life and even in subsequent generations. ELS activate corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF); CRF influences drug seeking and addiction. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of endogenous elevated levels of CRF on addiction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inducible forebrain over-expression of CRF mice (tetop-CRH x CaMKII-tTA) was used for this study. Morphine (10 mg/kg) was administered every other day for 10 days or with increasing doses of morphine: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 100 mg/kg. The behavioral trials including morphine sensitization, Somatic Opiate Withdrawal Symptoms (SOWS) were conducted in a single, open field, activity. After behavioral trial, animals were perfused for immunohistochemistry analysis. RESULTS CRF-over expressed (CRF-OE) mice showed increase in morphine sensitization and withdrawal symptoms after morphine administration compared to wild type (WT) mice. The two-way ANOVA in the morphine sensitization study showed a significant effect of treatment (P<0.05) and genotype for distance traveled (P<0.01). In the SOWS study, opiate withdrawal symptoms such as rearings, circling behavior, grooming, and jump in CRF-OE were amplified in parallel to WT mice. In the immunohistochemistry study, pro-dynorphine (PDYN) expression was increased after morphine administration in both amygdala and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). CONCLUSIONS CRF-OE in the forebrain increases the sensitization and withdrawal symptoms in morphine treated mice. On exposure to morphine, in CRF-OE mice the PDYN protein expression was increased as compared to WT mice in the amygdala and NAcc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajoy Purathumuriyil Varghese
- Department of Mental Health, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA ; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - John G Csernansky
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rodney I Eiger
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amy A Herrold
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA ; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr., Veteran Affairs Hospital, Hines, IL 60141, USA
| | - Maju Mathew Koola
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Program, Sheppard Pratt Health System, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21204, USA
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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