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Gaudreault PO, King SG, Huang Y, Ceceli AO, Kronberg G, Alia-Klein N, Goldstein RZ. FRONTAL WHITE MATTER CHANGES INDICATE RECOVERY WITH INPATIENT TREATMENT IN HEROIN ADDICTION. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.10.24308719. [PMID: 38946983 PMCID: PMC11213111 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.10.24308719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Importance Amidst an unprecedented opioid epidemic, identifying neurobiological correlates of change with medication-assisted treatment of heroin use disorder is imperative. Distributed white matter (WM) impairments in individuals with heroin use disorder (iHUD) have been associated with increased drug craving, a reliable predictor of treatment outcomes. However, little is known about the extent of whole-brain structural connectivity changes with inpatient treatment and abstinence in iHUD. Objective To assess WM microstructure and associations with drug craving changes with inpatient treatment in iHUD (effects of time/re-scan compared to controls; CTL). Design Longitudinal cohort study (12/2020-09/2022) where iHUD and CTL underwent baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI#1) and follow-up (MRI#2) scans, (mean interval of 13.9 weeks in all participants combined). Setting The iHUD and CTL were recruited from urban inpatient treatment facilities and surrounding communities, respectively. Participants Thirty-four iHUD (42.1yo; 7 women), 25 age-/sex-matched CTL (40.5yo; 9 women). Intervention Between scans, inpatient iHUD continued their medically-assisted treatment and related clinical interventions. CTL participants were scanned at similar time intervals. Main Outcomes and Measures Changes in white matter diffusion metrics [fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), axial (AD), and radial diffusivities (RD)] in addition to baseline and cue-induced drug craving, and other clinical outcome variables (mood, sleep, affect, perceived stress, and therapy attendance). Results Main findings showed HUD-specific WM microstructure changes encompassing mostly frontal major callosal, projection, and association tracts, characterized by increased FA (.949<1-p<.986) and decreased MD (.949<1-p<.997) and RD (.949<1-p<.999). The increased FA (r=-0.72, p<.00001) and decreased MD (r=0.69, p<.00001) and RD (r=0.67, p<.0001) in the genu and body of the corpus callosum and the left anterior corona radiata in iHUD were correlated with a reduction in baseline craving (.949<1-p<.999). No other WM correlations with outcome variables reached significance. Conclusions and Relevance Our findings suggest whole-brain normalization of structural connectivity with inpatient medically-assisted treatment in iHUD encompassing recovery in frontal WM pathways implicated in emotional regulation and top-down executive control. The association with decreases in baseline craving further supports the relevance of these WM markers to a major symptom in drug addiction, with implications for monitoring clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Olivier Gaudreault
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sarah G King
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Yuefeng Huang
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ahmet O Ceceli
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Greg Kronberg
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Nelly Alia-Klein
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Rita Z Goldstein
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
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Li X, Ramos-Rolón AP, Kass G, Pereira-Rufino LS, Shifman N, Shi Z, Volkow ND, Wiers CE. Imaging neuroinflammation in individuals with substance use disorders. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172884. [PMID: 38828729 PMCID: PMC11142750 DOI: 10.1172/jci172884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a role of neuroinflammation in substance use disorders (SUDs). This Review presents findings from neuroimaging studies assessing brain markers of inflammation in vivo in individuals with SUDs. Most studies investigated the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) using PET; neuroimmune markers myo-inositol, choline-containing compounds, and N-acetyl aspartate using magnetic resonance spectroscopy; and fractional anisotropy using MRI. Study findings have contributed to a greater understanding of neuroimmune function in the pathophysiology of SUDs, including its temporal dynamics (i.e., acute versus chronic substance use) and new targets for SUD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Astrid P. Ramos-Rolón
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gabriel Kass
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lais S. Pereira-Rufino
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naomi Shifman
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhenhao Shi
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nora D. Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Corinde E. Wiers
- Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Webber HE, de Dios C, Kessler DA, Schmitz JM, Lane SD, Suchting R. A meta-analysis of electrophysiological biomarkers of reward and error monitoring in substance misuse. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14515. [PMID: 38238282 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Substance use disorders are characterized by marked changes in reward and error processing. The primary objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate effect sizes for the reward positivity (RewP) and error-related negativity (ERN), two event-related potential indicators of outcome monitoring, in substance users compared to controls. The secondary objective was to test for moderation by demographic, substance type, and EEG experiment parameters. Final PubMed searches were performed in August 2023. Inclusion criteria were substance use disorder/dependence or validated self-report of substance misuse, RewP/ERN means available, healthy control comparison group, non-acute drug study, peer-reviewed journal, English language, and human participants. Selection bias was tested through modified Egger's regression and exploratory 3-parameter selection model tests. The RewP results (19 studies, 1641 participants) did not support an overall effect (Hedges' g = 0.07, 95% CI [-0.44, 0.58], p = .777) and nor effect of any moderators. The ERN results (20 studies, 1022 participants) indicated no significant overall effect (g = 0.41, 95%CI [-0.05, 0.88]). Subgroup analyses indicated that cocaine users had a blunted ERN compared to controls (g = 1.12, 95%CI [0.77, 1.47]). There was limited evidence for publication/small study bias. Although the results indicate a potential dissociation between substance types, this meta-analysis revealed the need for additional research on the RewP/ERN in substance using populations and for better designed experiments that adequately address research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Webber
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Constanza de Dios
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Danielle A Kessler
- College of Medicine at Tower Health, Drexel University, Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joy M Schmitz
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Scott D Lane
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert Suchting
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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4
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Voltin J, Nunn LM, Watson Z, Brasher ZE, Adisetiyo V, Hanlon CA, Nietert PJ, McRae-Clark AL, Jensen JH. Comparison of three magnetic resonance imaging measures of brain iron in healthy and cocaine use disorder participants. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5072. [PMID: 38009303 PMCID: PMC10922943 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures for quantifying endogenous nonheme brain iron have been proposed. These correspond to distinct physical properties with varying sensitivities and specificities to iron. Moreover, they may depend not only on tissue iron concentration, but also on the intravoxel spatial pattern of iron deposition, which is complex in many brain regions. Here, the three MRI brain iron measures of R 2 * , magnetic field correlation (MFC), and magnetic susceptibility are compared in several deep gray matter regions for both healthy participants (HPs) and individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD). Their concordance is assessed from their correlations with each other and their relative dependencies on age. In addition, associations between the iron measures and microstructure in adjacent white matter regions are investigated by calculating their correlations with diffusion MRI measures from the internal capsule, and associations with cognition are determined by using results from a battery of standardized tests relevant to CUD. It is found that all three iron measures are strongly correlated with each other for the considered gray matter regions, but with correlation coefficients substantially less than one indicating important differences. The age dependencies of all three measures are qualitatively similar in most regions, except for the red nucleus, where the susceptibility has a significantly stronger correlation with age than R 2 * . Weak to moderate correlations are seen for the iron measures with several of the diffusion and cognitive measures, with the strongest correlations being obtained for R 2 * . The iron measures differ little between the HP and CUD groups, although susceptibility is significantly lower in the red nucleus for the CUD group. For the comparisons made, the iron measures behave similarly in most respects, but with notable quantitative differences. It is suggested that these differences may be, in part, attributable to a higher sensitivity to the spatial pattern of iron deposition for R 2 * and MFC than for susceptibility. This is supported most strongly by a sharp contrast between the values of the iron measures in the globus pallidus relative to those in the red nucleus. The observed correlations of the iron measures with diffusion and cognitive scores point to possible connections between gray matter iron, white matter microstructure, and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Voltin
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Lisa M. Nunn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zoe Watson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zoe E. Brasher
- Department of Behavioral Science and Neuroscience, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Vitria Adisetiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Colleen A. Hanlon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Paul J. Nietert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Aimee L. McRae-Clark
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jens H. Jensen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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Zhang AR, Bell RP, An C, Tang R, Hall SA, Chan C, Al-Khalil K, Meade CS. Cocaine Use Prediction With Tensor-Based Machine Learning on Multimodal MRI Connectome Data. Neural Comput 2023; 36:107-127. [PMID: 38052079 PMCID: PMC11075092 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
This letter considers the use of machine learning algorithms for predicting cocaine use based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) connectomic data. The study used functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI) data collected from 275 individuals, which was then parcellated into 246 regions of interest (ROIs) using the Brainnetome atlas. After data preprocessing, the data sets were transformed into tensor form. We developed a tensor-based unsupervised machine learning algorithm to reduce the size of the data tensor from 275 (individuals) × 2 (fMRI and dMRI) × 246 (ROIs) × 246 (ROIs) to 275 (individuals) × 2 (fMRI and dMRI) × 6 (clusters) × 6 (clusters). This was achieved by applying the high-order Lloyd algorithm to group the ROI data into six clusters. Features were extracted from the reduced tensor and combined with demographic features (age, gender, race, and HIV status). The resulting data set was used to train a Catboost model using subsampling and nested cross-validation techniques, which achieved a prediction accuracy of 0.857 for identifying cocaine users. The model was also compared with other models, and the feature importance of the model was presented. Overall, this study highlights the potential for using tensor-based machine learning algorithms to predict cocaine use based on MRI connectomic data and presents a promising approach for identifying individuals at risk of substance abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anru R Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A.
| | - Ryan P Bell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A.
| | - Chen An
- Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, U.S.A.
| | - Runshi Tang
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, U.S.A.
| | - Shana A Hall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A.
| | - Cliburn Chan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A.
| | - Kareem Al-Khalil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A.
| | - Christina S Meade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, U.S.A.
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Li L, Yang W, Wan Y, Shen H, Wang T, Ping L, Liu C, Chen M, Yu H, Jin S, Cheng Y, Xu X, Zhou C. White matter alterations in mild cognitive impairment revealed by meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging using tract-based spatial statistics. Brain Imaging Behav 2023; 17:639-651. [PMID: 37656372 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The neuropathological mechanism of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unclarified. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies revealed white matter (WM) microarchitecture alterations in MCI, but consistent findings and conclusions have not yet been drawn. The present coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) of tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies aimed to identify the most prominent and robust WM abnormalities in patients with MCI. A systematic search of relevant studies was conducted through January 2022 to identify TBSS studies comparing fractional anisotropy (FA) between MCI patients and healthy controls (HC). We used the seed-based d mapping (SDM) software to achieve the CBMA and analyze regional FA alterations in MCI. Meta-regression analysis was subsequently applied to explore the potential associations between clinical variables and FA changes. MCI patients demonstrated significantly decreased FA in widely distributed areas in the corpus callosum (CC), including the genu, body, and splenium of the CC, as well as one cluster in the left striatum. FA in the body of the CC and in three clusters in the splenium of the CC was negatively associated with the mean age. Additionally, FA in the genu of the CC and in three clusters in the splenium of the CC had negative correlations with the MMSE scores. Disrupted integrities of the CC and left striatum might play vital roles in the process of cognitive decline. These findings enhanced our understanding of the neural mechanism underlying WM neurodegeneration in MCI and provided perspectives for the early detection and intervention of dementia.Registration number: CRD42022235716.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yu Wan
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hailong Shen
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Outpatient Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Liangliang Ping
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shushu Jin
- Department of Psychology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yuqi Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
- Department of Psychology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
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7
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Hodges CB, Steinberg JL, Zuniga EA, Ma L, Bjork JM, Moeller FG. Chronic Cocaine Use and White Matter Coherence: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2023; 84:585-597. [PMID: 36971714 PMCID: PMC10488304 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.21-00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic substance use and its effects on brain function and structure has long been of interest to clinicians and researchers. Prior cross-sectional comparisons of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics have suggested deleterious effects of chronic substance use (i.e., cocaine use) on white matter coherence. However, it is unclear how these effects may replicate across geographic regions when examined with similar technologies. In this study, we sought to conduct a replication of previous work in this area and determine whether there are any patterns of persistent differences in white matter microstructure between individuals with a history of cocaine use disorder (CocUD, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) and healthy controls. METHOD A total of 46 participants (21 healthy controls, 25 chronic cocaine users) were recruited from the Richmond, Virginia metropolitan area. Information regarding past and current substance use was collected from all participants. Participants also completed structural and DTI scans. RESULTS Consistent with previous DTI studies, significant differences were found between fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) CocUD and controls, with CocUD showing lower FA and AD in the right inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculus, the genu, body, and splenium of the corpus callosum, and the anterior, posterior, and superior corona radiata, among several other regions. These differences were not significant for other diffusivity metrics. Lifetime alcohol consumption was greater in the CocUD group, but lifetime alcohol consumption did not show a significant linear relationship with any of the DTI metrics in within-group regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS These data align with previously reported declines in white matter coherence in chronic cocaine users. However, it is less clear whether comorbid alcohol consumption results in an additive deleterious effect on white matter microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper B. Hodges
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Joel L. Steinberg
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Edward A. Zuniga
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Liangsuo Ma
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - James M. Bjork
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - F. Gerard Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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8
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Gaudreault PO, King SG, Malaker P, Alia-Klein N, Goldstein RZ. Whole-brain white matter abnormalities in human cocaine and heroin use disorders: association with craving, recency, and cumulative use. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:780-791. [PMID: 36369361 PMCID: PMC9911401 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies in substance use disorder have shown widespread impairments in white matter (WM) microstructure suggesting demyelination and axonal damage. However, substantially fewer studies explored the generalized vs. the acute and/or specific drug effects on WM. Our study assessed whole-brain WM integrity in three subgroups of individuals addicted to drugs, encompassing those with cocaine (CUD) or heroin (HUD) use disorder, compared to healthy controls (CTL). Diffusion MRI was acquired in 58 CTL, 28 current cocaine users/CUD+, 32 abstinent cocaine users/CUD-, and 30 individuals with HUD (urine was positive for cocaine in CUD+ and opiates used for treatment in HUD). Tract-Based Spatial Statistics allowed voxelwise analyses of diffusion metrics [fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD)]. Permutation statistics (p-corrected < 0.05) were used for between-group t-tests. Compared to CTL, all individuals with addiction showed widespread decreases in FA, and increases in MD, RD, and AD (19-57% of WM skeleton, p < 0.05). The HUD group showed the most impairments, followed by the CUD+, with only minor FA reductions in CUD- (<0.2% of WM skeleton, p = 0.05). Longer periods of regular use were associated with decreased FA and AD, and higher subjective craving was associated with increased MD, RD, and AD, across all individuals with drug addiction (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate extensive WM impairments in individuals with drug addiction characterized by decreased anisotropy and increased diffusivity, thought to reflect demyelination and lower axonal packing. Extensive abnormalities in both groups with positive urine status (CUD+ and HUD), and correlations with craving, suggest greater WM impairments with more recent use. Results in CUD-, and correlations with regular use, further imply cumulative and/or persistent WM damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Olivier Gaudreault
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sarah G King
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Pias Malaker
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Nelly Alia-Klein
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Rita Z Goldstein
- Psychiatry and Neuroscience Departments, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.
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9
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Webber HE, de Dios C, Kessler DA, Schmitz JM, Lane SD, Suchting R. Late positive potential as a candidate biomarker of motivational relevance in substance use: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104835. [PMID: 36031010 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current meta-analysis was to assess the effect size of the Late Positive Potential (LPP) to drug and emotional cues in substance users compared to controls. The secondary objective was to test for moderation by: age, gender, years of use, use status, and substance type. Search was performed in August 2021 using PubMed. Inclusion criteria were: substance use disorder/dependence or validated self-report, LPP means, healthy control comparison, non-acute drug study, data available, peer-reviewed journal, English, and human participants. Selection bias was tested through modified Egger's regression and exploratory 3-parameter selection model tests. Results (k = 11) indicated LPP to drug cues was larger in substance use compared to control group, with a large effect size (Hedges' g=1.66, 95%CI [0.64,2.67], p = 0.005). There were no overall differences for emotional cues. Though threats of selection bias were not severe, inclusion of more studies with larger sample sizes in future meta-analyses will allow more robust tests of publication bias and more accurate measures of effect size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Webber
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Constanza de Dios
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Danielle A Kessler
- College of Medicine at Tower Health, Drexel University, 50 Innovation Way, Wyomissing, PA 19610, USA
| | - Joy M Schmitz
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Scott D Lane
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Robert Suchting
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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10
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Dousset C, Chenut C, Kajosch H, Kornreich C, Campanella S. Comparison of Neural Correlates of Reactive Inhibition in Cocaine, Heroin, and Polydrug Users through a Contextual Go/No-Go Task Using Event-Related Potentials. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071029. [PMID: 36101410 PMCID: PMC9312501 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Witnessing the current increase in the use of substances in society and considering the associated pervasive relapse rate, the management of addictions remains a significant challenge. The identification of biomarkers that are linked to specific profiles of consumption would allow a more targeted, and therefore, more effective care. In this view, the present study evaluates and compares the cognitive performance usually associated with substance use disorder—inhibitory control, attentional bias, and error detection—of heroin, cocaine, and polydrug users to matched healthy controls. Simultaneously, the addition of measurement of the modulation of brain activity during the task (event-related potentials technique) offers a reliable representation of the neuronal mechanisms underlying cognitive functioning. The results reveal substance-specific neural patterns of response, notably a more deleterious impact on polydrug use, and, despite nonsignificant results, suggest a more drastically affected cognitive functioning in cocaine users. Such evidence refines our knowledge of the specific mode of action of each substance. Ultimately, knowing their neural signature will lead to the implementation of more targeted interventions, thereby allowing specific needs to be addressed. Abstract Recent global data indicates a worldwide increase in polydrug use associated with a shift from recreational to productive habits of consumption. Such non-responsible abuse of substances (alcohol, cocaine, heroin, etc.) is likely to lead to addictive disorders that are characterized by various neuropsychopharmacological effects. A main cognitive function involved in the onset and long-term maintenance of addiction is reactive inhibition, i.e., the ability to withhold a prepotent motor dominant response. In the present study, 63 (poly)drug user patients who were undergoing a detoxification program, in addition to 19 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and education, were subjected to a “contextual Go/No-Go task” with concomitant electroencephalography. Stimuli were superimposed on three contextual backgrounds: control (black screen), drug-unrelated (neutral pictures), or drug-related (pictures related to drug consumption). Of these patients, 23 were cocaine users (CU), 21 were heroin users (HU), and 19 were polydrug users (PDU). The main results showed that (1) at the behavioral level, more commission errors occurred with the PDU patients compared to the healthy controls; (2) at the neurophysiological level, specific alterations were found on classical event-related potentials that index reactive inhibition. Indeed, the higher rate of errors in the PDU group was subtended by both reduced amplitude and latency on the ∆N2 component and increased ∆P3 latency compared to controls. These data clearly suggest a more deleterious impact of polydrug use on inhibitory functions. In addition, our results provide evidence of reduced ERN amplitude in cocaine users, suggesting that impaired performance monitoring and error-processing may support impaired awareness, thereby preventing these patients from changing their behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Dousset
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d’Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 4 Place Vangehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (H.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Christie Chenut
- Substance Abuse Unit 73, CHU Brugmann, 4 Place Vangehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Hendrik Kajosch
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d’Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 4 Place Vangehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (H.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Charles Kornreich
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d’Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 4 Place Vangehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (H.K.); (C.K.)
| | - Salvatore Campanella
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d’Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 4 Place Vangehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (H.K.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +32-477-28-51
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Abstract
Diffusion tractography allows identification and measurement of structural tracts in the human brain previously associated with motivated behavior in animal models. Recent findings indicate that the structural properties of a tract connecting the midbrain to nucleus accumbens (NAcc) are associated with a diagnosis of stimulant use disorder (SUD), but not relapse. In this preregistered study, we used diffusion tractography in a sample of patients treated for SUD (n = 60) to determine whether qualities of tracts projecting from medial prefrontal, anterior insular, and amygdalar cortices to NAcc might instead foreshadow relapse. As predicted, reduced diffusion metrics of a tract projecting from the right anterior insula to the NAcc were associated with subsequent relapse to stimulant use, but not with previous diagnosis. These findings highlight a structural target for predicting relapse to stimulant use and further suggest that distinct connections to the NAcc may confer risk for relapse versus diagnosis.
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12
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Takeuchi H, Shiota Y, Yaoi K, Taki Y, Nouchi R, Yokoyama R, Kotozaki Y, Nakagawa S, Sekiguchi A, Iizuka K, Hanawa S, Araki T, Miyauchi CM, Sakaki K, Nozawa T, Ikeda S, Yokota S, Magistro D, Sassa Y, Kawashima R. Mercury levels in hair are associated with reduced neurobehavioral performance and altered brain structures in young adults. Commun Biol 2022; 5:529. [PMID: 35655003 PMCID: PMC9163068 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe detrimental effects of high-level mercury exposure on the central nervous system as well as effects of low-level exposure during early development have been established. However, no previous studies have investigated the effects of mercury level on brain morphometry using advance imaging techniques in young adults. Here, utilizing hair analysis which has been advocated as a method for biological monitoring, data of regional gray matter volume (rGMV), regional white matter volume (rWMV), fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), cognitive functions, and depression among 920 healthy young adults in Japan, we showed that greater hair mercury levels were weakly but significantly associated with diminished cognitive performance, particularly on tasks requiring rapid processing (speed measures), lower depressive tendency, lower rGMV in areas of the thalamus and hippocampus, lower rWMV in widespread areas, greater FA in bilaterally distributed white matter areas overlapping with areas of significant rWMV reductions and lower MD of the widely distributed gray and white matter areas particularly in the bilateral frontal lobe and the right basal ganglia. These results suggest that even normal mercury exposure levels in Japan are weakly associated with differences of brain structures and lower neurobehavioral performance and altered mood among young adults.
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13
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Hall SA, Bell RP, Gadde S, Towe SL, Nadeem MT, McCann PS, Song AW, Meade CS. Strengthened and posterior-shifted structural rich-club organization in people who use cocaine. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 235:109436. [PMID: 35413558 PMCID: PMC9948276 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with cocaine use disorder (CUD) often have abnormal cognitive function and brain structure. Cognition is supported by brain networks that typically have characteristics like rich-club organization, which is a group of regions that are highly connected across the brain and to each other, and small worldness, which is a balance between local and long-distance connections. However, it is unknown whether there are abnormalities in structural brain network connectivity of CUD. METHODS Using diffusion-weighted imaging, we measured structural connectivity in 37 people with CUD and 38 age-matched controls. We identified differences in rich-club organization and whether such differences related to small worldness and behavior. We also tested whether rich-club reorganization was associated with caudate and putamen structural connectivity due to the relevance of the dopamine system to cocaine use. RESULTS People with CUD had a higher normalized rich-club coefficient than controls, more edges connecting rich-club nodes to each other and to non-rich-club nodes, and fewer edges connecting non-rich-club nodes. Rich-club nodes were shifted posterior and lateral. Rich-club reorganization was related to lower clustered connectivity around individual nodes found in CUD, to increased impulsivity, and to a decrease in caudate connectivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings are consistent with previous work showing increased rich-club connectivity in conditions associated with a hypofunctional dopamine system. The posterior shift in rich-club nodes in CUD suggests that the structural connectivity of posterior regions may be more impacted than previously recognized in models based on brain function and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana A. Hall
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ryan P. Bell
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Syam Gadde
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center. Campus Box 3918, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sheri L. Towe
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Muhammad Tauseef Nadeem
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Peter S. McCann
- Duke University Hospital. 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Allen W. Song
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center. Campus Box 3918, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christina S. Meade
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Campus Box 102848, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Medical Center. Campus Box 3918, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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14
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The Mexican magnetic resonance imaging dataset of patients with cocaine use disorder: SUDMEX CONN. Sci Data 2022; 9:133. [PMID: 35361781 PMCID: PMC8971535 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a substance use disorder (SUD) characterized by compulsion to seek, use and abuse of cocaine, with severe health and economic consequences for the patients, their families and society. Due to the lack of successful treatments and high relapse rate, more research is needed to understand this and other SUD. Here, we present the SUDMEX CONN dataset, a Mexican open dataset of 74 CUD patients (9 female) and matched 64 healthy controls (6 female) that includes demographic, cognitive, clinical, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. MRI data includes: 1) structural (T1-weighted), 2) multishell high-angular resolution diffusion-weighted (DWI-HARDI) and 3) functional (resting state fMRI) sequences. The repository contains unprocessed MRI data available in brain imaging data structure (BIDS) format with corresponding metadata available at the OpenNeuro data sharing platform. Researchers can pursue brain variability between these groups or use a single group for a larger population sample. Measurement(s) | functional brain measurement • Diffusion Weighted Imaging • Abnormality of brain morphology • Alteration Of Cognitive Function • Clinical Study | Technology Type(s) | Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging • Diffusion Weighted Imaging • Turbo Field Echo MRI • neuropsychological test • Clinical Evaluation | Factor Type(s) | Cocaine Dependence | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Homo | Sample Characteristic - Location | Mexico City |
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15
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The neurobiology of drug addiction: cross-species insights into the dysfunction and recovery of the prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:276-291. [PMID: 34408275 PMCID: PMC8617203 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A growing preclinical and clinical body of work on the effects of chronic drug use and drug addiction has extended the scope of inquiry from the putative reward-related subcortical mechanisms to higher-order executive functions as regulated by the prefrontal cortex. Here we review the neuroimaging evidence in humans and non-human primates to demonstrate the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in emotional, cognitive, and behavioral alterations in drug addiction, with particular attention to the impaired response inhibition and salience attribution (iRISA) framework. In support of iRISA, functional and structural neuroimaging studies document a role for the prefrontal cortex in assigning excessive salience to drug over non-drug-related processes with concomitant lapses in self-control, and deficits in reward-related decision-making and insight into illness. Importantly, converging insights from human and non-human primate studies suggest a causal relationship between drug addiction and prefrontal insult, indicating that chronic drug use causes the prefrontal cortex damage that underlies iRISA while changes with abstinence and recovery with treatment suggest plasticity of these same brain regions and functions. We further dissect the overlapping and distinct characteristics of drug classes, potential biomarkers that inform vulnerability and resilience, and advancements in cutting-edge psychological and neuromodulatory treatment strategies, providing a comprehensive landscape of the human and non-human primate drug addiction literature as it relates to the prefrontal cortex.
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16
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Mundorf A, Peterburs J, Ocklenburg S. Asymmetry in the Central Nervous System: A Clinical Neuroscience Perspective. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:733898. [PMID: 34970125 PMCID: PMC8712556 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.733898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent large-scale neuroimaging studies suggest that most parts of the human brain show structural differences between the left and the right hemisphere. Such structural hemispheric asymmetries have been reported for both cortical and subcortical structures. Interestingly, many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders have been associated with altered functional hemispheric asymmetries. However, findings concerning the relation between structural hemispheric asymmetries and disorders have largely been inconsistent, both within specific disorders as well as between disorders. In the present review, we compare structural asymmetries from a clinical neuroscience perspective across different disorders. We focus especially on recent large-scale neuroimaging studies, to concentrate on replicable effects. With the notable exception of major depressive disorder, all reviewed disorders were associated with distinct patterns of alterations in structural hemispheric asymmetries. While autism spectrum disorder was associated with altered structural hemispheric asymmetries in a broader range of brain areas, most other disorders were linked to more specific alterations in brain areas related to cognitive functions that have been associated with the symptomology of these disorders. The implications of these findings are highlighted in the context of transdiagnostic approaches to psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annakarina Mundorf
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Department of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jutta Peterburs
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Department of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Psychology, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Schmitz JM, Lane SD, Weaver MF, Narayana PA, Hasan KM, Russell DD, Suchting R, Green CE. Targeting white matter neuroprotection as a relapse prevention strategy for treatment of cocaine use disorder: Design of a mechanism-focused randomized clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 111:106603. [PMID: 34688917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine use continues to be a significant public health problem with limited treatment options and no approved pharmacotherapies. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) remains the mainstay treatment for preventing relapse, however, people with chronic cocaine use display cognitive impairments that are associated with poor response to CBT. Emerging evidence in animal and human studies suggests that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR- γ) agonist, pioglitazone, improves white matter integrity that is essential for cognitive function. This project will determine whether adjunctive use of pioglitazone enhances the effect of CBT in preventing relapse during the early phase of recovery from cocaine use disorder. This paper describes the design of a mechanism-focused phase 2 randomized clinical trial that aims first to evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on targeted mechanisms related to white matter integrity, cognitive function, and cocaine craving; and second, to evaluate the extent to which improvements on target mechanisms predict CBT response. Positive results will support pioglitazone as a potential cognitive enhancing agent to advance to later stage medication development research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy M Schmitz
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA.
| | - Scott D Lane
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Michael F Weaver
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Ponnada A Narayana
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | | | - Robert Suchting
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Charles E Green
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA; Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
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18
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Meade CS, Li X, Towe SL, Bell RP, Calhoun VD, Sui J. Brain multimodal co-alterations related to delay discounting: a multimodal MRI fusion analysis in persons with and without cocaine use disorder. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:51. [PMID: 34416865 PMCID: PMC8377830 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delay discounting has been proposed as a behavioral marker of substance use disorders. Innovative analytic approaches that integrate information from multiple neuroimaging modalities can provide new insights into the complex effects of drug use on the brain. This study implemented a supervised multimodal fusion approach to reveal neural networks associated with delay discounting that distinguish persons with and without cocaine use disorder (CUD). METHODS Adults with (n = 35) and without (n = 37) CUD completed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan to acquire high-resolution anatomical, resting-state functional, and diffusion-weighted images. Pre-computed features from each data modality included whole-brain voxel-wise maps for gray matter volume, fractional anisotropy, and regional homogeneity, respectively. With delay discounting as the reference, multimodal canonical component analysis plus joint independent component analysis was used to identify co-alterations in brain structure and function. RESULTS The sample was 58% male and 78% African-American. As expected, participants with CUD had higher delay discounting compared to those without CUD. One joint component was identified that correlated with delay discounting across all modalities, involving regions in the thalamus, dorsal striatum, frontopolar cortex, occipital lobe, and corpus callosum. The components were negatively correlated with delay discounting, such that weaker loadings were associated with higher discounting. The component loadings were lower in persons with CUD, meaning the component was expressed less strongly. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal structural and functional co-alterations linked to delay discounting, particularly in brain regions involved in reward salience, executive control, and visual attention and connecting white matter tracts. Importantly, these multimodal networks were weaker in persons with CUD, indicating less cognitive control that may contribute to impulsive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Meade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Xiang Li
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sheri L Towe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Ryan P Bell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 102848, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Sui
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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19
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Tondo LP, Viola TW, Fries GR, Kluwe-Schiavon B, Rothmann LM, Cupertino R, Ferreira P, Franco AR, Lane SD, Stertz L, Zhao Z, Hu R, Meyer T, Schmitz JM, Walss-Bass C, Grassi-Oliveira R. White matter deficits in cocaine use disorder: convergent evidence from in vivo diffusion tensor imaging and ex vivo proteomic analysis. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:252. [PMID: 33911068 PMCID: PMC8081729 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter (WM) abnormalities in patients with cocaine use disorder (CUD) have been studied; however, the reported effects on the human brain are heterogenous and most results have been obtained from male participants. In addition, biological data supporting the imaging findings and revealing possible mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effects of chronic cocaine use (CU) on WM are largely restricted to animal studies. To evaluate the neurotoxic effects of CU in the WM, we performed an in vivo diffusion tensor imaging assessment of male and female cocaine users (n = 75) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 58). Moreover, we performed an ex vivo large-scale proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in postmortem brains of patients with CUD (n = 8) and HC (n = 12). Compared with the HC, the CUD group showed significant reductions in global fractional anisotropy (FA) (p < 0.001), and an increase in global mean (MD) and radial diffusion (RD) (both p < 0.001). The results revealed that FA, RD, and MD alterations in the CUD group were widespread along the major WM tracts, after analysis using the tract-based special statistics approach. Global FA was negatively associated with years of CU (p = 0.0421) and female sex (p < 0.001), but not with years of alcohol or nicotine use. Concerning the fibers connecting the left to the right prefrontal cortex, Brodmann area 9 (BA9), the CUD group presented lower FA (p = 0.006) and higher RD (p < 0.001) values compared with the HC group. A negative association between the duration of CU in life and FA values in this tract was also observed (p = 0.019). Proteomics analyses in BA9 found 11 proteins differentially expressed between cocaine users and controls. Among these, were proteins related to myelination and neuroinflammation. In summary, we demonstrate convergent evidence from in vivo diffusion tensor imaging and ex vivo proteomics analysis of WM disruption in CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Pizzato Tondo
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel R Fries
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Mello Rothmann
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renata Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Pedro Ferreira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Scott D Lane
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura Stertz
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruifeng Hu
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joy M Schmitz
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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