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Zhang R, Jiang H, Qin Z, Wang J, Hu X. A study on the relationship between cheese intake and caries occurrence based on Mendelian randomization method. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30856. [PMID: 38818144 PMCID: PMC11137352 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aims to investigate the causal relationship between cheese intake and caries occurrence by a two-sample Mendelian randomization method (TSMR). Methods Data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on cheese intake as an exposure factor were collected, and dental caries was the outcome variable, appropriate SNPs were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). The TSMR was analyzed by the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, weighted median method, MR-Egger regression method, simple model and weighted model. Results We identified forty-four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding group-specific component (cheese) that were associated with cheese intake, and IVW was adopted. The IVW method supported a relationship between cheese intake and the risk of dental caries occurrence[OR,1.00(95 %CI,0.99-1.00), P = 0.039 < 0.05]. There was no horizontal pleiotropy between the IVs(b = -0.0037, P = 0.39), and the sensitivity analysis using the "leave-one-out" method was robust to causal effects. Conclusion The results of the TSMR analysis supported that an appropriate intake of cheese could reduce the occurrence of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Periodontology (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
- The Institute of Periodontal Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huaxiang Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Periodontology (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
- The Institute of Periodontal Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Zishun Qin
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Periodontology (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
- The Institute of Periodontal Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Periodontology (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
- The Institute of Periodontal Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xi Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Periodontology (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
- The Institute of Periodontal Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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2
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Bahardoust M, Salari S, Ghotbi N, Rahimpour E, Haghmoradi M, Alipour H, Soleimani M. Association between prenatal vitamin D deficiency with dental caries in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:256. [PMID: 38589811 PMCID: PMC11000361 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Prenatal vitamin D (PVD) is a vital micronutrient for dental caries (DCs). The association between prenatal vitamin D deficiencies (PVDD) and DCs in children has been conflicting in different reports. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between PVDD and DCs in children for the first time. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Embase, and Scholar databases to find relevant studies based on mesh terms from 2000 to October 2023. This study was conducted based on the 2020 version of the PRISMA checklist. Cochran's Q and I2 tests were used to evaluate heterogeneity between studies. Egger's test was used to evaluate publication bias. The effect size of the association between PVDD and DCs was reported by the odds ratio (OR) at the 95% confidence interval (95% CI).Twelve studies, including 11,021 participants, were reviewed. The pooled prevalence of PVDD was estimated at 4353 (32%). The prevalence of DCs in children of mothers with and without PVDD was 44% and 25%, respectively. PVDD was significantly associated with an increased risk of DCs in children (OR: 1.35, 95% CI (1.22, 1.47), I2 = 86.6%). The association of DCs with PVDD was different based on gestational age groups, children's age groups, and vitamin D levels. This meta-analysis showed PVDD can be associated with an increased risk of DCs in children, especially in mothers with prenatal vitamin D levels ≤ 35 nmol/L. Adequate vitamin D levels throughout pregnancy can help prevent DCs in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Bahardoust
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Salar Salari
- General Dentist, School of Dentistry, Isfahan Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nader Ghotbi
- General Dentist, School of Dentistry, Isfahan Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Meisam Haghmoradi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Soleimani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Brejawi M, Venkiteswaran A, Ergieg SMO, Md Sabri BA. Caries experience in children with molar-incisor hypomineralisation in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates and its association with hypomineralised teeth number. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:211-216. [PMID: 38411884 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00867-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) has been found associated with an increase in dental caries. Studies utilising the recent MIH diagnosis and calibration criteria recommended by the EAPD in 2021 are very scarce. Additionally, the available data in literature about the relationship between the hypomineralised teeth number (HTN) and caries come from only one study. PURPOSE To assess the relationship between MIH and caries experience among children in the city of Fujairah, UAE, utilising the recent criteria recommended by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) in 2021, and to assess the relationship between the number of teeth affected with MIH, and dental caries. METHODS One hundred and sixty-two children were included in this cross-sectional study, aged 7-9 years old. Children were examined for MIH according to Ghanim et al. (Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 16:235-246, 2015. 10.1007/s40368-015-0178-8) criteria and Ghanim et al. (Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 18:225-242. 10.1007/s40368-017-0293-92017) training manual. Caries experience was assessed with decayed, missing, filled (dmft, DMFT) scoring system. RESULTS dmft mean was 6.56 (SD ± 3.78) and DMFT mean was 0.91 (SD ± 1.23). Children with MIH had significantly higher dmft (p = 0.003) scores. Children with higher HTN had significantly higher dmft (p = 0.008) scores. CONCLUSION Children in Fujairah have extremely high caries scores. Children with MIH have more decayed, missing and filled teeth. Hypomineralised teeth number was positively associated with caries experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brejawi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, City University Ajman, Ajman, UAE
| | - A Venkiteswaran
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S M O Ergieg
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - B A Md Sabri
- Center of Population Oral Health and Clinical Prevention Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Shoaee S, Ghasemi E, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Shamsoddin E, Tovani-Palone MR, Roshani S, Heydari MH, Yoosefi M, Masinaei M, Azadnaejafabadi S, Mohammadi E, Rezaei N, Larijani B, Fakhrzadeh H, Farzadfar F. Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index (QCI) of oral disorders: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 1990-2017. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:116. [PMID: 38243206 PMCID: PMC10799423 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral disorders are still a major global public health challenge, considering their perpetuating and chronic nature. Currently, there is no direct index to measure the quality of care on a population scale. Hence, we aim to propose a new index to measure the quality of care for oral disorders worldwide. METHODS We generated our database using the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2017. Among different variables such as prevalence, incidence, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years, we utilised principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the component that bears the greatest proportion of information to generate the novel quality of care index (QCI) for oral disorders. RESULTS Global QCI for oral disorders gradually increased from 1990 to 2017 (from 70.5 to 74.6). No significant gender disparity was observed during this period, and the gender disparity ratio (GDR) was considered optimal in 1990 and 2017. Between 1990 and 2017, the age-standardised QCI for all oral disorders increased in all the SDI regions. The highest QCI for all oral disorders in 2017 belonged to high-middle SDI countries (=80.24), and the lowest YLDs rate was seen in the low SDI quintile. In 1990, the quality of care in European, Central Asian, and Central and South American countries was in the lowest quintiles, whereas the North American, East Asian, Middle Eastern, and some African countries had the highest quality of dental care. Maynmar (=100), Uganda (=92.5), Taiwan (=92.0), China (=92.5), and the United States (=89.2) were the five countries with the highest age-standardised QCI. Nicaragua (=41.3), Belgium (=40.2), Venezuela (=38.4), Sierra Leone (=30.5), and the Gambia (=30.3) were the five countries with the least age-standardised QCI values. CONCLUSION The quality of care for all oral disorders showed an increasing trend on a global scale from 1990 to 2017. However, the QCI distribution was not homogenous among various regions. To prevent the exacerbation of imminent disparities in this regard, better attention to total tooth loss in high-income countries and prioritising primary healthcare provision in low-income countries are recommended for oral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervan Shoaee
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Ghasemi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Sofi-Mahmudi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cochrane Iran Associate Centre, National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Shamsoddin
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cochrane Iran Associate Centre, National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahin Roshani
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Heydari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Yoosefi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Masinaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Azadnaejafabadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Fakhrzadeh
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Malas N, Kochaji C, Soukkarieh C, Almonakel MB, Alzoubi H. Association of Dental Caries in Primary Teeth With HLA Class II Gene Among Syrian Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e53081. [PMID: 38414691 PMCID: PMC10897358 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Numerous studies have shown that there is evidence that genetic factors contribute in different ways to the occurrence of caries lesions, and the multiple differences in the human leucocytes antigen (HLA) gene patterns play an important role in the body's immune response. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between some HLA class II alleles (HLA-DR4, HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ4) and early childhood caries (ECC) occurrence in Syrian children. Materials and methods The study included 80 children aged three to six, divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 40) being severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) children (deft ≥ 10) and Group 2 (n = 40) being free caries children (deft = 0). The genomic DNAs were extracted and collected by taking a buccal swab using a sterile metal strip and were amplified by polymerase chain reaction-single specific primer (PCR-SSP) and then HLA-typing was performed for all alleles. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of S-ECC, HLA-DR4, and HLA-DQ2 alleles (p = 0.626, 0.256 respectively), while the incidence of S-ECC was associated with the DQ4 allele (p = 0.012). Conclusion HLA class II molecules may play a crucial role in predisposing to ECC, since positive HLA-DQ4 may enhance the chance of developing ECC. However, no association were found between (HLA-DR4 and HLA-DQ2) and ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassouh Malas
- Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Chaza Kochaji
- Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | | | | | - Hasan Alzoubi
- Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
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6
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Tsai H, Tsai T, Wang Y, Chen H, Lee C, Tsai S. Sleep and its association with dental caries or myopia in first graders. Nurs Open 2024; 11:e2063. [PMID: 38268265 PMCID: PMC10721956 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM First grade is a transition from pre-school to school-age. The change in lifestyle behaviours such as sleep may have a physiological response, which contributes to the presence or absence of two highly incident diseases: dental caries or myopia. The aim of the study was to examine the association between sleep and myopia as well as sleep and dental caries in first graders. DESIGN It is a cross-sectional study. METHODS This was a recruitment phase of an interventional study. A total of 338 children whose caregivers completed a Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Caregivers also provided information regarding myopia and caries status of children and their parents. Binary logistic regression was applied to analyse the potential risk factors. RESULTS Dental caries and myopia rates were 45.9% and 9.5%, respectively. After adjusting for children's gender, children's age, fathers with caries and mothers with caries, the odds ratio for dental caries in children who slept less than 9 h when compared to those who slept for nine and more hours was 1.94. Mothers with caries were 3.37 times more likely to have children with caries than mothers without caries. However, sleep was not associated with myopia in first graders. CONCLUSION Sleeping less than 9 h and maternal caries were risk factors of children developing dental caries. Future sleep and myopia studies can be conducted on higher graders who may present prolonged exposure and accumulations of myopic risk factors. IMPLICATIONS Screening of children with insufficient sleep is needed for nurses to enable the early identification of high-risk groups for dental caries in school settings. Family nurses are encouraged to work with family members to implement tailored sleep interventions, in order to facilitate better sleep and oral health practices in both school and home settings. REGISTRATION This study protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration number: Redacted).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han‐Yi Tsai
- Department of NursingTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Nursing, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tzu‐I Tsai
- School of NursingNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yin‐Lin Wang
- Department of DentistryNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of DentistryNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hung‐Chi Chen
- Department of Medicine, College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Department of OphthalmologyChang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Chien‐Chang Lee
- Department of Emergency MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Shao‐Yu Tsai
- School of Nursing, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of NursingNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
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7
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Mauricio-Castillo R, Valdevit A, Gonzalez-Davalos L, Dominguez-Perez RA, Garcia-Solis P, Vazquez-Martinez O, Hernandez-Montiel HL, Solis-Sainz JC. Dental caries prevalence and severity positively associate with AMY1 gene copy number. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:25. [PMID: 38147184 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the possible relation between total caries (TC) and caries severity (CS) with the AMY1 gene copy number (AMY1GCN). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional, population-based, and association study with 303 participants. Each participant underwent a complete anamnesis and stomatological check-up, and peripheral blood was obtained to extract gDNA. TC and CS were determined as the number of caries at the dental exploration and the number of dental surfaces affected by caries, respectively, and AMY1GCN was determined by qPCR. RESULTS We found an elevated caries prevalence (92.7%); TC and CS were 8 ± 10 and 10 ± 13 (median ± IR). There were higher TC and CS in those participants with AMY1GCN above the mean value (0.02 and 0.01 p values, respectively). A positive correlation between TC and CS with AMY1GCN (0.11 and 0.125 r values, 0.03 and 0.01 p values, respectively) was found, in addition to an association between TC and CS with AMY1GCN (1.5 and 1.6 OR values, 0.48 and 0.26 p values, respectively). CONCLUSION TC and CS were positively related to the AMY1GCN. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Dental caries has a high prevalence and a multifactorial etiology and has been related to a genetic component. Indeed, the salivary enzyme alpha-amylase could play a significant role in caries susceptibility, considering that its codifying gene (AMY1) can show variation in its gene copy number. This can be considered an important factor for the development of caries at a genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubi Mauricio-Castillo
- PhD. program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Andres Valdevit
- Department of Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Clavel 200, Col. Prados de la Capilla, 76170, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Davalos
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of México, UAQ-Juriquilla Campus, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Rubén Abraham Dominguez-Perez
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Dentistry Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Pablo Garcia-Solis
- Department of Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Clavel 200, Col. Prados de la Capilla, 76170, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Olivia Vazquez-Martinez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of México, UAQ-Juriquilla Campus, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Hebert Luis Hernandez-Montiel
- Department of Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Clavel 200, Col. Prados de la Capilla, 76170, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Solis-Sainz
- Department of Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Clavel 200, Col. Prados de la Capilla, 76170, Querétaro, Mexico.
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8
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Aruna P, Patil SS, Muthu MS, Vettriselvi V, Arockiam S, Kirubakaran R, Sivakumar N. Association between polymorphisms of immune response genes and early childhood caries - systematic review, gene-based, gene cluster, and meta-analysis. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:124. [PMID: 37971556 PMCID: PMC10654314 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries is a significant public health concern affecting about 600 million children globally. The etiology of early childhood caries can be explained as an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are the most common variations in the human genome. Genetic variations of immune response genes can modify the defense response of the host, and alter the susceptibility to bacterial colonization of the oral cavity and early childhood caries. The aim of this systematic review is to identify genetic variants of immune response genes associated with early childhood caries. RESULTS A total of 7124 articles were identified by conducting an elaborate search across various electronic databases and genome-wide association studies databases. Subsequent to exclusion at various stages, fifteen articles qualified to be included into the present review. Risk of bias assessment was done with the Q-genie tool. Quantitative synthesis revealed that the odds ratio for TT and CC genotypes of rs11362 was 1.07 (0.67-1.71) and 1.16 (0.84-1.60), respectively. Gene-based analysis revealed a statistically significant association between variants of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene and T-cell receptor alpha variable 4 locus with early childhood caries. Gene clustering showed the presence of three functional clusters. To comprehend the protein-protein interaction, the bioinformatic tool of "Search Tools for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and Proteins" was used. Among the biological processes and the reactome pathways, complement activation through the lectin pathway showed the highest strength of association with early childhood caries. To understand the interaction and functionality of the genes, "gene function prediction using Multiple Association Network Integration Algorithm" was used, which revealed that the genes were linked by physical interaction (39.34%) and through co-expression (34.88%). CONCLUSIONS Genotype TT of rs7217186 of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase gene was a risk factor for early childhood caries. Multiple genetic variants of T-cell receptor alpha variable 4 locus and tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene were associated with increased susceptibility to early childhood caries. Polymorphisms of genes regulating the lectin pathway of complement activation can modify the susceptibility to early childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Aruna
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry, India
| | - Sneha S Patil
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - M S Muthu
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - V Vettriselvi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Selva Arockiam
- Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - R Kirubakaran
- South Asian Cochrane Network and Centre. Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - N Sivakumar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, India
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9
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Tan L, Zhong MM, Zhao YQ, Zhao J, Dusenge MA, Feng Y, Ye Q, Hu J, Ou-Yang ZY, Chen NX, Su XL, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Yuan H, Wang MY, Feng YZ, Guo Y. Type 1 diabetes, glycemic traits, and risk of dental caries: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1230113. [PMID: 37881806 PMCID: PMC10597668 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1230113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Regarding past epidemiological studies, there has been disagreement over whether type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is one of the risk factors for dental caries. The purpose of this study was to determine the causative links between genetic susceptibility to T1DM, glycemic traits, and the risk of dental caries using Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches. Methods: Summary-level data were collected on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of T1DM, fasting glucose (FG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FI), and dental caries. MR was performed using the inverse-variance weighting (IVW) method, and sensitivity analyses were conducted using the MR-Egger method, weighted median, weighted mode, replication cohort, and multivariable MR conditioning on potential mediators. Results: The risk of dental caries increased as a result of genetic susceptibility to T1DM [odds ratio (OR) = 1.044; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.015-1.074; p = 0.003], with consistent findings in the replication cohort. The relationship between T1DM and dental caries was stable when adjusted for BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in multivariable MR. However, no significant correlations between the risk of dental caries and FG, HbA1c, or FI were found. Conclusion: These results indicate that T1DM has causal involvement in the genesis of dental caries. Therefore, periodic reinforcement of oral hygiene instructions must be added to the management and early multidisciplinary intervention of T1DM patients, especially among adolescents and teenagers, who are more susceptible to T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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10
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Zhou Y, Liu Z. Saliva biomarkers in oral disease. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 548:117503. [PMID: 37536520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Saliva is a versatile biofluid that contains a wide variety of biomarkers reflecting both physiologic and pathophysiologic states. Saliva collection is noninvasive and highly applicable for tests requiring serial sampling. Furthermore, advances in test accuracy, sensitivity and precision for saliva has improved diagnostic performance as well as the identification of novel markers especially in oral disease processes. These include dental caries, periodontitis, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Numerous growth factors, enzymes, interleukins and cytokines have been identified and are the subject of much research investigation. This review highlights current procedures for successful determination of saliva biomarkers including preanalytical factors associated with sampling, storage and pretreatment as well as subsequent analysis. Moreover, it provides an overview of the diagnostic applications of these salivary biomarkers in common oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Zhou
- Wenzhou Medical University Renji College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenqi Liu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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11
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Dos Anjos AMC, Moura de Lima MDD, Muniz FWMG, Lima CCB, Moura LDFADD, Rösing CK, de Moura MS. Is there an association between dental caries and genetics? Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies with twins. J Dent 2023; 135:104586. [PMID: 37339689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to assess the agreement of dental caries experience between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. DATA RESOURCES This systematic review was performed by reviewers in the databases Embase, MEDLINE-PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and manual searches and gray literature Google Scholar® and Opengray. Observational studies that evaluated dental caries in twins were included. The risk of bias was analyzed using the Joanna Briggs checklist. Meta-analyses were performed to assess the pooled Odds Ratio to estimate the agreement values of dental caries experience and DMF index between pairs of twins (p < 0.05). To assess the certainty of evidence, the GRADE scale was used. STUDY SELECTION 2533 studies were identified, of which 19 were included in the qualitative analysis, six in the quantitative synthesis, with two meta-analyses being carried out. Association between genetics and the development of the disease was observed in most studies. In the risk of bias analysis, 47.4% had moderate risk. Higher agreement of dental caries experience was observed in MZ twins than DZ in both dentitions (OR: 5.94; 95% CI: 2.00-17.57). However, there was no difference between the MZ and DZ twin groups in the analysis comparing DMF index agreement (OR: 2.86; 95%CI: 0.25-32.79). The certainty of evidence was considered low and very low for all studies included in meta-analyses. CONCLUSION With very low certainty of the evidence, the genetic factor seems to influence the agreement of the caries experience. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Understanding the genetic influence on the disease has the potential to contribute to the development of studies that may use biotechnologies for prevention and treatment as well as guide future research involving gene therapies aiming to prevent the occurrence of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Cardoso Dos Anjos
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinics, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella - Ininga, Teresina, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Marina de Deus Moura de Lima
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinics, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella - Ininga, Teresina, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil
| | | | - Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinics, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella - Ininga, Teresina, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus Moura
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinics, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella - Ininga, Teresina, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing
- Department of Periodontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2492, 2º andar, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90035003, Brazil
| | - Marcoeli Silva de Moura
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinics, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella - Ininga, Teresina, Piauí 64049-550, Brazil.
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12
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Zhu Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Li J, Li X, Ying Y, Yuan J, Chen K, Deng S, Wang Q. Association of polymicrobial interactions with dental caries development and prevention. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1162380. [PMID: 37275173 PMCID: PMC10232826 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1162380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a common oral disease. In many cases, disruption of the ecological balance of the oral cavity can result in the occurrence of dental caries. There are many cariogenic microbiota and factors, and their identification allows us to take corresponding prevention and control measures. With the development of microbiology, the caries-causing bacteria have evolved from the traditional single Streptococcus mutans to the discovery of oral symbiotic bacteria. Thus it is necessary to systematically organized the association of polymicrobial interactions with dental caries development. In terms of ecology, caries occurs due to an ecological imbalance of the microbiota, caused by the growth and reproduction of cariogenic microbiota due to external factors or the disruption of homeostasis by one's own factors. To reduce the occurrence of dental caries effectively, and considering the latest scientific viewpoints, caries may be viewed from the perspective of ecology, and preventive measures can be taken; hence, this article systematically summarizes the prevention and treatment of dental caries from the aspects of ecological perspectives, in particular the ecological biofilm formation, bacterial quorum sensing, the main cariogenic microbiota, and preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Zhu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ying
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinna Yuan
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuli Deng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingjing Wang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Niu Y, Zhang C, Sun Y, Dong L, Si Y, Yang J, Zhu P, Yang F. Symbiotic relationship between Prevotella denticola and Streptococcus mutans enhances virulence of plaque biofilms. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 151:105714. [PMID: 37141746 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore that whether interactions between Prevotella denticola and Streptococcus mutans could promote the establishment of hypervirulent biofilms on teeth surface and eventually influence the occurrence and development of caries. DESIGN Based on single-species biofilms of either P. denticola or S. mutans, and dual-species biofilms of both bacteria, we compared the virulence properties associated with cariogenicity in vitro, including carbohydrate metabolism and acid productivity, synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides, biomass and architecture of biofilms, level of enamel demineralization and expression of virulence genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism and adhesion in S. mutans. RESULTS The data demonstrated that, compared to single-species of above two taxa, dual-species produced lactate by metabolizing carbohydrates at a higher level during the observation period. Moreover, dual-species biofilms accrued more biomass and exhibited more dense microcolonies and abundant extracellular matrix. And it's noticeable that the level of enamel demineralization in dual-species biofilms was more augmented than that of single-species. In addition, the presence of P. denticola induced the expression of virulence genes gtfs and gbpB in S. mutans. CONCLUSIONS Symbiotic relationship between P. denticola and S. mutans enhances caries-associated virulence of plaque biofilms, which might provide new strategies for effective prevention and treatment of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Niu
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yanfei Sun
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China; School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuan Si
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Stomatology Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China.
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14
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Evaluation of Beta-Defensin 1 and Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 Polymorphisms in Children with Dental Caries Compared to Caries-Free Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020232. [PMID: 36832361 PMCID: PMC9955557 DOI: 10.3390/children10020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective: Some variants in defensin beta 1 (DEFB1) and mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) genes can be associated with oral diseases. Herein, we designed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of DEFB1 (rs11362, rs1799946, and rs1800972) and MBL2 (rs7096206 and rs1800450) polymorphisms with the susceptibility to dental caries (DC) in children. Materials and methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases until 3 December 2022, without any restrictions. The odds ratio (OR), along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of the effect sizes, are reported. Analyses including a subgroup analysis, a sensitivity analysis, and funnel plot analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 416 records were identified among the databases, and nine articles were entered into the meta-analysis. A significant relationship was found between the T allele of DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism and DC susceptibility, and the T allele was related to an elevated risk of DC in children (OR = 1.225; 95%CI: 1.022, 1.469; p = 0.028; I2 = 0%). No other polymorphisms were associated with DC. All articles were of moderate quality. Egger's test in homozygous and dominant models demonstrated a significant publication bias for the association of DEFB1 rs1799946 polymorphism with DC risk. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the T allele of DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism had an elevated risk for DC in children. However, there were only few studies that evaluated this association.
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15
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Cogulu D, Saglam C. Genetic aspects of dental caries. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.1060177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a common chronic disease affecting humans in all age groups. Various factors can affect the formation of caries including demineralization and remineralization processes with oral flora; dietary and oral hygiene habits; salivary composition, flow rate, pH and buffering capacity; morphological features of the teeth; fluoride exposures, environmental and socioeconomic factors. One of the most important factors causing inter-individual variations in caries susceptibility is the host genetics. Several genes affect individual caries susceptibility. Genes play a role in immune response, development of saliva and tooth enamel. The present review aims to overview the literature focusing on the genetic features of dental caries.
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16
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Ben Salem M, Chouchene F, Masmoudi F, Baaziz A, Maatouk F, Ghedira H. Are Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization and Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars Predictive of Dental Caries?: A Systematic Review. Eur J Dent 2022; 17:7-15. [PMID: 36122587 PMCID: PMC9949926 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To estimate the prevalence of dental caries among children affected concomitantly with molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM).Electronic databases, including Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Science Direct, were searched. Studies written in English involving children with MIH-HSPM and dental caries were considered eligible. Two reviewers extracted the data according to the PRISMA statement and assessed the bias risk with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) criteria.Out of 535 studies identified in the initial research, only two articles were included in the present review. A significant association between MIH-HSPM and dental caries in permanent dentition was reported in the two included records (AOR: 3.70; p < 0.001). Children with MIH-HSPM expressed significantly higher DMFT and PUFA values than children without MIH-HSPM. However, dmft values did not differ significantly between children with and without HSPM (1.79 [2.4] vs. 1.78 [2.5]; 1.88 [2.73] vs. 1.59 [2.53], respectively.MIH-HSPM lesions were correlated with a higher prevalence and more severe carious lesions in permanent dentition. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously because the findings were generated by only two studies performed by the same authors. Thus, further well-designed studies are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Ben Salem
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia,Laboratory of Biological, Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia,Address for correspondence Mouna Ben Salem Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia; Laboratory of Biological, Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of MonastirMonastir, Tunisia; Avenue Hsan Hosni Abdelwahab Rue 6 5000Monastir
| | - Farah Chouchene
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia,Laboratory of Biological, Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Masmoudi
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia,Laboratory of Biological, Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Baaziz
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia,Laboratory of Biological, Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fethi Maatouk
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia,Laboratory of Biological, Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Ghedira
- Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia,Laboratory of Biological, Clinical and Dento-Facial Approach, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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17
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Moussa DG, Ahmad P, Mansour TA, Siqueira WL. Current State and Challenges of the Global Outcomes of Dental Caries Research in the Meta-Omics Era. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:887907. [PMID: 35782115 PMCID: PMC9247192 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.887907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant healthcare advances in the 21st century, the exact etiology of dental caries remains unsolved. The past two decades have witnessed a tremendous growth in our understanding of dental caries amid the advent of revolutionary omics technologies. Accordingly, a consensus has been reached that dental caries is a community-scale metabolic disorder, and its etiology is beyond a single causative organism. This conclusion was based on a variety of microbiome studies following the flow of information along the central dogma of biology from genomic data to the end products of metabolism. These studies were facilitated by the unprecedented growth of the next- generation sequencing tools and omics techniques, such as metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, to estimate the community composition of oral microbiome and its functional potential. Furthermore, the rapidly evolving proteomics and metabolomics platforms, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and/or mass spectrometry coupled with chromatography, have enabled precise quantification of the translational outcomes. Although the majority supports ‘conserved functional changes’ as indicators of dysbiosis, it remains unclear how caries dynamics impact the microbiota functions and vice versa, over the course of disease onset and progression. What compounds the situation is the host-microbiota crosstalk. Genome-wide association studies have been undertaken to elucidate the interaction of host genetic variation with the microbiome. However, these studies are challenged by the complex interaction of host genetics and environmental factors. All these complementary approaches need to be orchestrated to capture the key players in this multifactorial disease. Herein, we critically review the milestones in caries research focusing on the state-of-art singular and integrative omics studies, supplemented with a bibliographic network analysis to address the oral microbiome, the host factors, and their interactions. Additionally, we highlight gaps in the dental literature and shed light on critical future research questions and study designs that could unravel the complexities of dental caries, the most globally widespread disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina G. Moussa
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Paras Ahmad
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Tamer A. Mansour
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walter L. Siqueira
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Walter L. Siqueira,
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Socorro M, Hoskere P, Roberts C, Lukashova L, Verdelis K, Beniash E, Napierala D. Deficiency of Mineralization-Regulating Transcription Factor Trps1 Compromises Quality of Dental Tissues and Increases Susceptibility to Dental Caries. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022; 3. [PMID: 35573139 PMCID: PMC9106314 DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.875987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in children and adults worldwide. The complex etiology of dental caries includes environmental factors as well as host genetics, which together contribute to inter-individual variation in susceptibility. The goal of this study was to provide insights into the molecular pathology underlying increased predisposition to dental caries in trichorhinophalangeal syndrome (TRPS). This rare inherited skeletal dysplasia is caused by mutations in the TRPS1 gene coding for the TRPS1 transcription factor. Considering Trps1 expression in odontoblasts, where Trps1 supports expression of multiple mineralization-related genes, we focused on determining the consequences of odontoblast-specific Trps1 deficiency on the quality of dental tissues. We generated a conditional Trps1Col1a1 knockout mouse, in which Trps1 is deleted in differentiated odontoblasts using 2.3kbCol1a1-CreERT2 driver. Mandibular first molars of 4wk old male and female mice were analyzed by micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histology. Mechanical properties of dentin and enamel were analyzed by Vickers microhardness test. The susceptibility to acid demineralization was compared between WT and Trps1Col1a1cKO molars using an ex vivo artificial caries procedure. μCT analyses demonstrated that odontoblast-specific deletion of Trps1 results in decreased dentin volume in male and female mice, while no significant differences were detected in dentin mineral density. However, histology revealed a wider predentin layer and the presence of globular dentin, which are indicative of disturbed mineralization. The secondary effect on enamel was also detected, with both dentin and enamel of Trps1Col1a1cKO mice being more susceptible to demineralization than WT tissues. The quality of dental tissues was particularly impaired in molar pits, which are sites highly susceptible to dental caries in human teeth. Interestingly, Trps1Col1a1cKO males demonstrated a stronger phenotype than females, which calls for attention to genetically-driven sex differences in predisposition to dental caries. In conclusion, the analyses of Trps1Col1a1cKO mice suggest that compromised quality of dental tissues contributes to the high prevalence of dental caries in TRPS patients. Furthermore, our results suggest that TRPS patients will benefit particularly from improved dental caries prevention strategies tailored for individuals genetically predisposed due to developmental defects in tooth mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairobys Socorro
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Priyanka Hoskere
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Catherine Roberts
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lyudmila Lukashova
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kostas Verdelis
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Restorative Dentistry/Comprehensive Care, University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Endodontics and Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Elia Beniash
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Dobrawa Napierala
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Correspondence: Dobrawa Napierala,
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19
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Olszowski T, Milona M, Janiszewska-Olszowska J, Safranow K, Uzar I, Walczak A, Sikora M, Chlubek D, Adler G. FCN1 polymorphisms are not the markers of dental caries susceptibility in Polish children: A case-control study. Oral Dis 2022; 28:771-776. [PMID: 33600013 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of four FCN1 SNPs: -542G>A (rs10120023), -144C>A (rs10117466), +6658C>T (rs148649884), and +7895A>G (rs150625869) with dental caries in Polish children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 261 15-year-old Polish teenagers: 82 children with "higher" caries experience (having Decayed Missing Filled Teeth, DMFT >5) and 179 children with "lower" caries experience (having DMFT ≤5). Moreover, in additional comparison, a group of 229 children with caries experience (DMFT ≥1) was compared to a caries-free (DMFT =0) group of 32 children. Extraction of genomic DNA was performed from buccal swabs, and genotyping was performed by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS FCN1 SNPs +6658C>T and +7895A>G appeared to be monomorphic in our sample. The genotype, allele, or haplotype distributions in FCN1 SNPs -542G>A and -144C>A in children with "higher" caries experience did not differ significantly from those in "lower" caries experience group. Similar results with no significant differences were demonstrated for subjects with DMFT ≥1 compared to subjects with DMFT =0. CONCLUSION FCN1 SNPs are not the markers of dental caries susceptibility in Polish children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Olszowski
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Milona
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Izabela Uzar
- Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alicja Walczak
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Sikora
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Kielce, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Grażyna Adler
- Department of Studies in Antropogenetics and Biogerontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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20
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Liu M, Xia JL, Yang H, Yu L. Compound heterozygous mutations in the SLC4A11 gene associated with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy in a Chinese family. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:538-542. [PMID: 35291925 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2051192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this case report, we have described congenital inherited endothelial dystrophy (CHED) caused by two heterozygous missense mutations in two patients. METHODS A Chinese family affected by CHED was recruited to identify potential genetic mutations. The proband developed bilateral corneal opacity after birth, and was diagnosed with CHED based on the clinical manifestations. Her younger sister had the same symptoms. Blood samples were collected from four members of the family, including the two sisters and their parents, and full exon sequencing (WES) was used to identify potential genetic mutations in the proband. To verify the identified mutations, Sanger sequencing was performed on samples from other family members. RESULTS Two heterozygous missense variants were found in SLC4A11, a variant NM_032034.4; c.1237 G > A (p.G413R, rs1286683365) in exon 10 and a variant NM_032034.4, c. 698 G > T (p.R233L) in exon 6, and the latter was reported for the first time in this disease. Bioinformatics tools, such as SIFT and PolyPhen, showed that changes in these two amino acids probably affected protein function. CONCLUSIONS This study reported the typical clinical symptoms of CHED caused by two heterozygous missense variants (c.1237 G > A and c. 698 G > T) in the SLC4A11 gene in a Chinese family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Wenjiang Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia-Li Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, Shapingba, China
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21
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Ameli N, Gibson MP, Khanna A, Howey M, Lai H. An Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Analyze Patient Information to Improve Oral Health Outcomes. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.833191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveVarious health-related fields have applied Machine learning (ML) techniques such as text mining, topic modeling (TM), and artificial neural networks (ANN) to automate tasks otherwise completed by humans to enhance patient care. However, research in dentistry on the integration of these techniques into the clinic arena has yet to exist. Thus, the purpose of this study was to: introduce a method of automating the reviewing patient chart information using ML, provide a step-by-step description of how it was conducted, and demonstrate this method's potential to identify predictive relationships between patient chart information and important oral health-related contributors.MethodsA secondary data analysis was conducted to demonstrate the approach on a set of anonymized patient charts collected from a dental clinic. Two ML applications for patient chart review were demonstrated: (1) text mining and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) were used to preprocess, model, and cluster data in a narrative format and extract common topics for further analysis, (2) Ordinal logistic regression (OLR) and ANN were used to determine predictive relationships between the extracted patient chart data topics and oral health-related contributors. All analysis was conducted in R and SPSS (IBM, SPSS, statistics 22).ResultsData from 785 patient charts were analyzed. Preprocessing of raw data (data cleaning and categorizing) identified 66 variables, of which 45 were included for analysis. Using LDA, 10 radiographic findings topics and 8 treatment planning topics were extracted from the data. OLR showed that caries risk, occlusal risk, biomechanical risk, gingival recession, periodontitis, gingivitis, assisted mouth opening, and muscle tenderness were highly predictable using the extracted radiographic and treatment planning topics and chart information. Using the statistically significant predictors obtained from OLR, ANN analysis showed that the model can correctly predict >72% of all variables except for bruxism and tooth crowding (63.1 and 68.9%, respectively).ConclusionOur study presents a novel approach to address the need for data-enabled innovations in the field of dentistry and creates new areas of research in dental analytics. Utilizing ML methods and its application in dental practice has the potential to improve clinicians' and patients' understanding of the major factors that contribute to oral health diseases/conditions.
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22
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Alotaibi RN, Howe BJ, Moreno Uribe LM, Sanchez C, Deleyiannis FW, Padilla C, Poletta FA, Orioli IM, Buxó CJ, Wehby GL, Vieira AR, Murray J, Valencia-Ramírez C, Restrepo Muñeton CP, Long RE, Shaffer JR, Reis SE, Weinberg SM, Neiswanger K, McNeil DW, Marazita ML. Genetic Analyses of Enamel Hypoplasia in Multiethnic Cohorts. Hum Hered 2022; 87:000522642. [PMID: 35172313 PMCID: PMC9378791 DOI: 10.1159/000522642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enamel hypoplasia causes reduction in the thickness of affected enamel and is one of the most common dental anomalies. This defect is caused by environmental and/or genetic factors that interfere with tooth formation, emphasizing the importance of investigating enamel hypoplasia on an epidemiological and genetic level. A genome-wide association of enamel hypoplasia was performed in multiple cohorts, overall comprising 7,159 individuals ranging in age from 7-82 years. Mixed-models were used to test for genetic association while simultaneously accounting for relatedness and genetic population structure. Meta-analysis was then performed. More than 5 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms were tested in individual cohorts. Analyses of the individual cohorts and meta-analysis identified association signals close to genome-wide significance (P < 510-8), and many suggestive association signals (510-8 < P < 510-6) near genes with plausible roles in tooth/enamel development. The strongest association signal (P = 1.5710-9) was observed near BMP2K in one of the individual cohorts. Additional suggestive signals were observed near genes with plausible roles in tooth development in the meta-analysis, such as SLC4A4 which can influence enamel hypoplasia. Additional human genetic studies are needed to replicate these results and functional studies in model systems are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha N. Alotaibi
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian J. Howe
- Department of Family Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Lina M. Moreno Uribe
- The Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Carla Sanchez
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Carmencita Padilla
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Fernando A. Poletta
- ECLAMC/INAGEMP CEMIC, Dirección de Investigación A. Galván, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ieda M. Orioli
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carmen J. Buxó
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - George L. Wehby
- Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | | | - Ross E. Long
- Lancaster Cleft Palate Clinic, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven E. Reis
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seth M. Weinberg
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katherine Neiswanger
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel W. McNeil
- Department of Psychology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Department of Dental Practice and Rural Health, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Thampan N, Ramya R, Swarnalakshmi R, Rajkumar K, Savithri S, Divyalakshmi G. Analysis of ENAM gene single-nucleotide polymorphism rs3796704 with caries susceptibility in young adult Tamil population. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021; 25:226-231. [PMID: 34703114 PMCID: PMC8491349 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.325119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dental caries is as primeval as humanity, but still, investigations are undergoing regarding the etiopathogenesis behind this multifactorial disease. Genetics is known to play a vital role in the etiology behind dental caries in addition to environmental and socioeconomic factors. Genetic variations like single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were extensively studied in the past decade to portray the etiopathogenesis contributing to dental caries. Aim: This investigation was undertaken to analyze the ENAM gene SNP rs3796704 with caries susceptibility in ethnic young adult Tamil population of India. Materials and Methods: Out of 370 patients included, 215 patients belonged to the high caries group (Decayed, Missing and Filled Tooth [DMFT] ≥2) and 155 patients belonged to the low caries group (DMFT ≤ 1). DNA was extracted from the blood of all the individuals. SNP genotyping was performed utilizing tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction with specific primers. Results: The genotyping results showed that there were no differences in allelic (P = 0.114) and genotypic frequencies (P = 0.159) between the high caries and low caries groups. Conclusion: Future studies can be conducted in larger samples and different ethnicities around the globe to analyze the role played by SNPs of enamel formation genes in cariogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niveditha Thampan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Ramya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Swarnalakshmi
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Rajkumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Savithri
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Divyalakshmi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alforaidi S, Bresin A, Almosa N, Lehrkinder A, Lingström P. Effect of drops containing Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) on plaque acidogenicity and other caries-related variables in orthodontic patients. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:271. [PMID: 34615458 PMCID: PMC8496079 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of probiotics on biofilm acidogenicity and on the number of salivary Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in orthodontic patients. METHODS This RCT was conducted on 28 young adults who were undergoing orthodontic treatment. The short-term prospective clinical trial lasted for three weeks. The test group rinsed daily with drops containing two Lactobacillus reuteri strains diluted in water, while the placebo group used drops without probiotics. The subjects were enrolled eight months since the beginning of orthodontic treatment. Plaque-pH, saliva and dental biofilm samples were obtained at baseline, one week and three weeks post intervention. RESULTS Twenty-seven subjects successfully completed the trial period, only one drop out in the test group. No side effects were reported. A statistically significant increase in plaque pH at three weeks post-intervention was found for the test group (p < 0.05), while insignificant changes in the pH value were found for the placebo group in comparison to baseline (p > 0.05). In addition, the AUC7.0 showed a significant difference at three weeks between the test and placebo (p = 0.00002). The three-week samples of stimulated whole saliva showed a statistically insignificant difference in the number of S. mutans and lactobacilli between the two groups (p > 0.05). The qPCR analysis showed the ability of the two strains to get colonized in the dental biofilm without a significant effect on the microbial counts. CONCLUSION/CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS A mixture of Lactobacillus reuteri has the ability to reduce the pH fall at the three-week follow-up. However, the short-term use of probiotics does not appear to have an effect on the number of salivary Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in saliva and on the dental biofilm. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrial.gov (Identifier: NCT04593017 / (19/10/2020)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahal Alforaidi
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Andrea Bresin
- Specialist Clinic of Orthodontics, Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Naif Almosa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna Lehrkinder
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Lingström
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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25
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Reis CLB, Barbosa MCF, de Lima DC, Madalena IR, Baratto-Filho F, Proff P, de Oliveira DSB, Paddenberg E, Küchler EC, Kirschneck C. Study of Dental Caries and PTH Gene. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.703549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is essential for calcium and phosphate homeostasis in odontogenesis-related cells. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding PTH, and dental caries in Brazilian children. Three hundred and fifty-three children (170 boys and 183 girls, age ranging from 8 to 11 years old) were included in this study. The International System for Detection and Assessment of Carious Lesions (ICDAS) was used for diagnosis of dental caries. Visible biofilm was also evaluated during the clinical examination. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva for real-time PCR to evaluate the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs6256, rs307247 and rs694 in PTH gene. Dental caries was classified in ICDAS0 vs. ICDAS1−6 or ICDAS1−2 vs. ICDAS3−6. Chi-square test, binary logistic regression adjusted by biofilm and haplotype analyses were performed (p < 0.05). Biofilm was associated with dental caries (p < 0.05). There were no associations between dental caries and rs6256, rs307247, rs694 in none of the analyses performed (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the present study supports that the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs6256, rs307247, and rs694 in the PTH-encoding gene are not associated with dental caries in Brazilian children.
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26
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Martignon S, Roncalli AG, Alvarez E, Aránguiz V, Feldens CA, Buzalaf MAR. Risk factors for dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e053. [PMID: 34076077 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the risk factors for dental caries is vital in epidemiology and clinical practices for developing effective preventive strategies, both, at the individual and collective levels. Different causality/determination models have been proposed to understand the development process of dental caries. In the present review, we designed a model inspired by the world-known social determinants models proposed in the 90s and more recently in the 10s, wherein the contextual factors are placed more externally and encompass the individual factors. The contextual factors included those related to the cultural and societal values, as well as the social and health government policies. The individual factors were classified into the following categories: socioeconomic (social class, occupation, income, and education level), demographic characteristics (age, sex, and ethnicity), behavioral factors (non-use of fluoride dentifrice, sugar consumption, poor oral hygiene, and lack of preventive dental care), and biological factors (recent caries experience/active caries lesions, biofilm retentive factors, developmental defects of the enamel, disabilities, saliva amount and quality, cariogenic biofilm). Each of these variables was addressed, while focusing on the current evidence from studies conducted in Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACC). Based on the proposed model, educational aspects were addressed, and individual caries risk assessment and management decisions were proposed; further, implications for public health policies and clinical practice were described. The identification of modifiable risk factors for dental caries should be the basis for multi-strategy actions that consider the diversity of Latin American communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Martignon
- Universidad El Bosque, Caries Research Unit, Research Department, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Evelyn Alvarez
- Universidad Científica del Sur, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lima, Perú
| | - Vicente Aránguiz
- Universidad de los Andes, Faculty of Dentistry, Cariology Unit, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Alberto Feldens
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Canoas, RS, Brazil
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27
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Lei W, Tian H, Xia Y. Association Between the TaqI (rs731236 T>C) Gene Polymorphism and Dental Caries Risk: A Meta-analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:368-375. [PMID: 33960841 PMCID: PMC8140352 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the association of the TaqI (rs731236 T>C) polymorphism in the VDR gene with dental caries. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, SinoMed (the Chinese biomedical literature service system), and the Wiley Online Library. Overall comparisons and subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and the presence of dental caries in dentition were performed. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess associations between gene polymorphisms and the risk of dental caries. Results: Seven articles were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results revealed a significant association of the TaqI (rs731236 T>C) polymorphism with dental caries in the allele contrast model (C vs. T: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.07–1.44, I2 = 42%, p = 0.005) and in the recessive genetic model (CC vs. TT/CT: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.03–1.84, I2 = 0%, p = 0.03). A stratified analysis based on ethnicity revealed a significant association between the TaqI (rs731236 T>C) polymorphism and the risk of dental caries in Asians (C vs. T: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06–1.54, I2 = 60%, p = 0.009). Subgroup analysis based on the presence of dental caries in dentition found a significant association of the TaqI (rs731236 T>C) polymorphism with permanent tooth caries in the allele contrast model (C vs. T: OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.11–1.77, I2 = 76%, p = 0.005) and the recessive genetic model (CC vs. TT/CT: OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.03–2.00, I2 = 0%, p = 0.03). Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that the C allele and CC genotype of the TaqI (rs731236 T>C) polymorphism in the VDR gene are associated with an increased risk of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Haonan Tian
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinlan Xia
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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28
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Using Oral Microbiota Data to Design a Short Sucrose Intake Index. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051400. [PMID: 33919427 PMCID: PMC8143301 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive sucrose consumption is associated with numerous health problems, including dental caries, and is considered to play a critical role in shaping the human microbiota. Here, we aimed to confirm the association between sucrose exposure and oral microbiota profile, develop a short food-based index capturing variation among sucrose consumers and validate it against oral microbiota and dental caries in a derivation cohort with 16- to 79-year-old participants (n = 427). Intake and food preferences were recorded by questionnaires and saliva microbiota by 16S rDNA sequencing. Taxonomic similarities clustered participants into five clusters, where one stood out with highest sucrose intake and predicted sugar related metabolic pathways but lowest species diversity in the microbiota. Multivariate modelling of food intake and preferences revealed foods suitable for a sucrose index. This, similarly to sucrose intake, was related to bacterial pattern and caries status. The validity of the sucrose index was replicated in the population-based Gene-Lifestyle Interactions in Dental Endpoints (GLIDE, n = 105,520 Swedish adults) cohort. This suggested that the index captured clinically relevant variation in sucrose intake and that FFQ derived information may be suitable for screening of sucrose intake in the clinic and epidemiological studies, although adjustments to local consumption habits are needed.
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29
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AlMarshad LK, AlJobair AM, Al-Anazi MR, Bohol MFF, Wyne AH, Al-Qahtani AA. Association of polymorphisms in genes involved in enamel formation, taste preference and immune response with early childhood caries in Saudi pre-school children. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2388-2395. [PMID: 33911954 PMCID: PMC8071886 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is primarily elicited by modifiable factors such as inadequate oral hygiene, poor dietary practices and deficient fluoride exposure. However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting the profound influence of genetic factors in dental caries susceptibility. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ENAM (rs12640848), MMP20 (rs1784418), TAS2R38 (rs713598), and LTF (rs4547741) genes and early childhood caries (ECC) in Saudi preschool children. This case-control study enrolled 360 Saudi preschool children (262 with ECC and 98 caries-free). Data on environmental factors were collected through a questionnaire. However, caries experience and oral hygiene data were obtained during clinical examination. Buccal swab samples were collected for DNA extraction and SNPs were genotyped using PCR and DNA sequencing. Children with ECC were compared to caries free children (control), then they were categorized into two categories based on ECC severity as follows; non-severe ECC (NS-ECC), and severe-ECC (S-ECC). Association between the SNPs, ECC, NS-ECC, and S-ECC was reported as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The majority of the children (72.8%) exhibited ECC (31.7% NS-ECC and 41.1% S-ECC) with mean dmft of 4.20 ± 4.05. Multivariate analyses of environmental factors showed that nocturnal feeding was a risk factor for ECC (P = 0.008). Poor oral hygiene was also a risk factor for both NS-ECC and S-ECC (ECC: P < 0.0001, NS-ECC: P = 0.032 and S-ECC: P < 0.0001). Univariate analysis showed that the AG genotype of rs1784418 of MMP20 gene was protective against ECC (OR = 0.532; 95% CI = 0.316-0.897, P = 0.018) and against NS-ECC (OR = 0.436; 95% CI = 0.238-0.798, P = 0.007). When environmental risk factors for ECC were included as covariates during multivariate analysis, AG variant in rs1784418 of MMP20 gene remained less frequent in NS-ECC cases compared to controls with borderline significance (OR = 0.542; 95% CI = 0.285-1.033, P = 0.063). Our findings concluded that MMP20 rs1784418 SNP might be associated with protection against ECC in Saudi preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujane K. AlMarshad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma M. AlJobair
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael R. Al-Anazi
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marie Fe F. Bohol
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad H. Wyne
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Alfaisal University, School of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Pang L, Wang K, Tao Y, Zhi Q, Zhang J, Lin H. A New Model for Caries Risk Prediction in Teenagers Using a Machine Learning Algorithm Based on Environmental and Genetic Factors. Front Genet 2021; 12:636867. [PMID: 33777105 PMCID: PMC7990890 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.636867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that can be caused by interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors. Despite the availability of caries risk assessment tools, caries risk prediction models incorporating new factors, such as human genetic markers, have not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to construct a new model for caries risk prediction in teenagers, based on environmental and genetic factors, using a machine learning algorithm. We performed a prospective longitudinal study of 1,055 teenagers (710 teenagers for cohort 1 and 345 teenagers for cohort 2) aged 13 years, of whom 953 (633 teenagers for cohort 1 and 320 teenagers for cohort 2) were followed for 21 months. All participants completed an oral health questionnaire, an oral examination, biological (salivary and cariostate) tests, and single nucleotide polymorphism sequencing analysis. We constructed a caries risk prediction model based on these data using a random forest with an AUC of 0.78 in cohort 1 (training cohort). We further verified the discrimination and calibration abilities of this caries risk prediction model using cohort 2. The AUC of the caries risk prediction model in cohort 2 (testing cohort) was 0.73, indicating high discrimination ability. Risk stratification revealed that our caries risk prediction model could accurately identify individuals at high and very high caries risk but underestimated risks for individuals at low and very low caries risk. Thus, our caries risk prediction model has the potential for use as a powerful community-level tool to identify individuals at high caries risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyue Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ketian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghui Zhi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Foshan Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Huancai Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Reis CLB, Barbosa MCF, Machado BMDSM, Baratto SSP, de Lima DC, Paza AO, Filho FB, Brancher JA, Küchler EC, de Oliveira DSB. Genetic polymorphisms in interleukin-6 and interleukin-1-beta were associated with dental caries and gingivitis. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:96-102. [PMID: 32643487 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1788722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene (rs1800795) and in Interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) gene (rs1143627 and rs1143629) with dental caries and gingivitis in Brazilian children. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three hundred and fifty-three children aged 8-11 years were included. Visible biofilm and gingival bleeding were evaluated by Community Periodontal Index. The International System for Detection and Assessment of Carious Lesions (ICDAS) was used to investigate dental caries. Real-time PCR evaluated SNPs in the DNA. Chi-square test, haplotype analysis and logistic regression were applied (alpha of 5%). RESULTS The GG genotype in rs1800795 (IL-6) decreases the risk of gingivitis in a co-dominant model (p = .05; OR = 0.64). The GG genotype in rs1143627 (IL-1β) reduces the risk of dental caries (Co-dominant model: ICDAS0 versus ICDAS1-6: p = .05; OR = 0.55. ICDAS0-2 versus ICDAS3-6: p = .02; OR = 0.49. Recessive model: ICDAS0 versus ICDAS1-6: p = .005; OR = 0.48. ICDAS0-2 versus ICDAS3-6: p = .004; OR = 0.45. Logistic regression: ICDAS0-2 versus ICDAS3-6: p = .05; OR = 0.24; CI 95%= 0.05-1.00). The GG genotype in rs1143629 was more frequent in ICDAS0 (p = .05; OR: 0.60). In the haplotype analysis, IL-1β was associated with gingivitis. CONCLUSION The rs1800795 in IL-6 gene was associated with gingivitis. The rs1143627 and rs1143629 in IL-1β were associated with dental caries and gingivitis.
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The Effect of a Personalized Oral Health Education Program on Periodontal Health in an At-Risk Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020846. [PMID: 33478179 PMCID: PMC7844619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
While periodontal disease is associated with many risk factors, socioeconomically disadvantaged communities experience the highest disease burden. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized oral health education program, in combination with routine dental treatment, in participants from a low socioeconomic community. We used a randomized, controlled, examiner-blinded clinical trial. A total of 579 participants (aged 18–60 years) were randomly grouped: the intervention group (n = 292) received a personalized oral health education program in combination with routine dental care and the control group (n = 287) received routine dental care. All participants were assessed for improvement in oral health care behaviors, dental plaque, and periodontal status at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. We found a significant drop (p < 0.001) in the plaque indices, Periodontal Probing Depths (PPD) and Bleeding on Probing (BOP) between baseline and the 12-month follow-up for both groups. For BOP, the number of sites positive was significantly different between baseline and the 24-month follow-up (p = 0.037). No differences were found between the two groups for any evaluated clinical outcome. The personalized oral health education program used in the current study did not appear to add significant improvement to clinical outcomes of periodontal health compared with routine restorative dental care per se.
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Tong X, Hou S, Ma M, Zhang L, Zou R, Hou T, Niu L. The integration of transcriptome-wide association study and mRNA expression profiling data to identify candidate genes and gene sets associated with dental caries. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hatipoğlu Ö, Saydam F. Association between rs11362 polymorphism in the beta-defensin 1 (DEFB1) gene and dental caries: A meta-analysis. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:272-279. [PMID: 32603779 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Beta-defensin 1, encoded by the DEFB1 gene, is an important molecule that confers protection from dental caries. Numerous studies have been conducted on the rs11362 polymorphism in the DEFB1 gene. We evaluated the results from studies that have investigated the association between rs11362 polymorphism and dental caries, through a meta-analysis. METHODS This meta-analysis was designed according to the PRISMA statement guideline. Electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) were scanned by two independent researchers. The publication bias was determined by statistical analyses using funnel plot, Egger regression test, and Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation test. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the chi-square test, tau-square, and Higgins I2 test. Odds ratio (OR) was used to measure the effect size. RESULTS Rank correlation and regression procedures showed the absence of publication bias in the meta-analysis (p > 0.05). The DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism in the heterozygous (CC vs. CT: OR = 2.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17, 4.10; p = 0.014) and dominant (CC vs. CT + TT: OR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1.18, 8.21; p = 0.022) models in the permanent dentition subgroup showed significant differences. However, there was no significant difference between any model in either the deciduous dentition (p > 0.05) or the mixed dentition subgroups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism is associated with dental caries in permanent dentition. Moreover, individuals with the TT genotype were found to have seven times higher risk of dental caries than individuals with the CC genotype. There was no such association or statistical difference observed for deciduous and mixed dentitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Hatipoğlu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
| | - Faruk Saydam
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
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Wang L, Li B, Tie X, Liu T, Zheng S, Liu Y. Association between HLA-DRB1* allele polymorphism and caries susceptibility in Han Chinese children and adolescents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060519893852. [PMID: 31891288 PMCID: PMC7645358 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519893852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The rate of caries and the mean number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth were reported to be significantly higher in children in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region than in children in eastern China. Little is known regarding the genetic basis of caries among residents of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. This study investigated the association between HLA-DRB1 alleles and caries susceptibility in Han Chinese children and adolescents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. METHODS HLA-DRB1 allele frequency was assessed in DNA samples from buccal swabs of 42 patients with caries and 123 healthy control participants using a polymerase chain reaction method with sequence-specific primers. The chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test, followed by Bonferroni correction, was used to calculate differences in allele frequencies between groups. RESULTS Compared with the healthy controls, the allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*13 was significantly higher in patients with caries in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (35.71% vs. 18.70%). The allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*09 was significantly lower in patients with caries than in healthy controls (4.76% vs. 25.20%). CONCLUSIONS HLA-DRB1*13 alleles could confer greater caries susceptibility, whereas HLA-DRB1*09 could be protective against caries pathogenesis, in Han Chinese children in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Boqi Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Tie
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
- State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Shutao Zheng
- Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
- State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Yishan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China
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Sohanian S, Jalili Sadrabad M. Evaluation of the relationship between serum level of Vitamin D and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) in young women in Semnan, Iran (2018–2019). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jss.jss_14_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kammoun R, Zmantar T, Labidi A, Abbes I, Mansour L, Ghoul-Mazgar S. Dental caries and hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta: Clinical, structural, biochemical and molecular approaches. Microb Pathog 2019; 135:103615. [PMID: 31254603 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to explore the caries features in hypoplastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed including 28 patients, 14 with hypoplastic AI and 14 controls for whom Decayed (D), Missed (M) and Filled (F) Teeth (T) were checked for a DMFT index evaluation. Twenty-eight saliva samples, 4 bacterial plaques and 19 teeth were used. Decayed teeth were observed under polarized light and scanning electron microscopy. Salivary pH was measured and saliva bacterial strains were biochemically identified and confirmed by PCR. Bacterial adhesions to tooth surfaces were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and evaluated by colony enumeration after in vitro culture of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei with dental fragments. RESULTS DMFT indexes were significantly lower in AI patients (mean DMFT = 0.8) compared to controls (mean DMFT = 2.9). Decayed teeth revealed sclerotic, demineralized, invaded and disintegrated zones in dentine. Dental plaques were rich with filamentous bacteria in AI patients. Oral microbiotome of the saliva showed a low rate of Streptococci and a significant high level of Bacillus spp, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium in AI patients. In vitro study showed a significant high adhesion of Lactobacillus casei and a weak adhesion of Streptococcus mutans on AI dental hard tissues. CONCLUSION Our study showed that hypoplastic AI patients have (i) a low DMFT index, (ii) an alkaline pH of saliva enriched with Bacillus spp, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium and (iii) dental tissues more easily invaded by Lactobacilli than Streptococci. The combination of these bacteria seems to give AI patients protection against dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rym Kammoun
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Dento-Facial, Clinical and Biological Approach (ABCDF), Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Tarek Zmantar
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Avicenna Avenue, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amel Labidi
- Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Israa Abbes
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Dento-Facial, Clinical and Biological Approach (ABCDF), Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Mansour
- Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Ghoul-Mazgar
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Laboratory of Dento-Facial, Clinical and Biological Approach (ABCDF), Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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Ferreira LM, Queiroz PM, Santaella GM, Wenzel A, Groppo FC, Haiter-Neto F. The influence of different scan resolutions on the detection of proximal caries lesions. Imaging Sci Dent 2019; 49:97-102. [PMID: 31281786 PMCID: PMC6597374 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2019.49.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different spatial resolutions of a photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) radiography system on the detection of proximal caries lesions. Materials and Methods Forty-five extracted human permanent teeth were radiographed using a PSP system (VistaScan Perio Plus) and scanned at the 4 resolutions (10 lp/mm, 20 lp/mm, 25 lp/mm, and 40 lp/mm) available in the system. Three independent examiners scored the images for the presence and absence of proximal caries lesions using a 5-point scale. The presence or absence of caries was confirmed by histological sections of the examined teeth (defined as the gold standard). Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was calculated by the weighted kappa test. One-way analysis of variance with the post hoc Tukey test was used to compare the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the classifications made with each resolution. Results For the detection of enamel lesions, the spatial resolution of 10 lp/mm was significantly superior to the other resolutions. However, the spatial resolution did not affect the detection of caries lesions in dentin (P>0.05). Conclusion Spatial resolution may influence the accuracy of the detection of incipient caries lesions in radiographs with PSP plates. Images with low spatial resolution seem to be more appropriate for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Matos Ferreira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Polyane Mazucatto Queiroz
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado Santaella
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ann Wenzel
- Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Haiter-Neto
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mourad MS, Vielhauer A, Splieth CH. Kinderzahnheilkunde: 7 Mythen von der Zahnfee. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-018-0583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nibali L, Di Iorio A, Tu YK, Vieira AR. Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 44 Suppl 18:S52-S78. [PMID: 27754553 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to produce the latest summary of the evidence for association of host genetic variants contributing to both periodontal diseases and caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two systematic searches of the literature were conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, LILACS and Cochrane Library for large candidate gene studies (CGS), systematic reviews and genome-wide association studies reporting data on host genetic variants and presence of periodontal disease and caries. RESULTS A total of 124 studies were included in the review (59 for the periodontitis outcome and 65 for the caries outcome), from an initial search of 15,487 titles. Gene variants associated with periodontitis were categorized based on strength of evidence and then compared with gene variants associated with caries. Several gene variants showed moderate to strong evidence of association with periodontitis, although none of them had also been associated with the caries trait. CONCLUSIONS Despite some potential aetiopathogenic similarities between periodontitis and caries, no genetic variants to date have clearly been associated with both diseases. Further studies or comparisons across studies with large sample size and clear phenotype definition could shed light into possible shared genetic risk factors for caries and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Nibali
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London (QMUL), London, UK
| | - Anna Di Iorio
- Library Services, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Pihlstrom BL. Selections from the current literature. J Am Dent Assoc 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Govil M, Mukhopadhyay N, Weeks DE, Feingold E, Shaffer JR, Levy SM, Vieira AR, Slayton RL, McNeil DW, Weyant RJ, Crout RJ, Marazita ML. Novel caries loci in children and adults implicated by genome-wide analysis of families. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:98. [PMID: 29859070 PMCID: PMC5984765 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is a common chronic disease among children and adults alike, posing a substantial health burden. Caries is affected by multiple genetic and environmental factors, and prior studies have found that a substantial proportion of caries susceptibility is genetically inherited. METHODS To identify such genetic factors, we conducted a genome-wide linkage scan in 464 extended families with 2616 individuals from Iowa, Pennsylvania and West Virginia for three dental caries phenotypes: (1) PRIM: dichotomized as zero versus one or more affected primary teeth, (2) QTOT1: age-adjusted quantitative caries measure for both primary and permanent dentitions including pre-cavitated lesions, and (3) QTOT2: age-adjusted quantitative caries excluding pre-cavitated lesions. Genotyping was conducted for approximately 600,000 SNPs on an Illumina platform, pruned to 127,511 uncorrelated SNPs for the analyses reported here. RESULTS Multipoint non-parametric linkage analyses generated peak LOD scores exceeding 2.0 for eight genomic regions, but no LOD scores above 3.0 were observed. The maximum LOD score for each of the three traits was 2.90 at 1q25.3 for PRIM, 2.38 at 6q25.3 for QTOT1, and 2.76 at 5q23.3 for QTOT2. Some overlap in linkage regions was observed among the phenotypes. Genes with a potential role in dental caries in the eight chromosomal regions include CACNA1E, LAMC2, ALMS1, STAMBP, GXYLT2, SLC12A2, MEGF10, TMEM181, ARID1B, and, as well as genes in several immune gene families. Our results are also concordant with previous findings from association analyses on chromosomes 11 and 19. CONCLUSIONS These multipoint linkage results provide evidence in favor of novel chromosomal regions, while also supporting earlier association findings for these data. Understanding the genetic etiology of dental caries will allow designing personalized treatment plans based on an individual's genetic risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manika Govil
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Nandita Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Steven M. Levy
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Rebecca L. Slayton
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Daniel W. McNeil
- Dental Practice and Rural Health, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV USA
- Department of Psychology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV USA
| | - Robert J. Weyant
- Department of Dental Public Health and Information Management, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Richard J. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV USA
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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Beyond Streptococcus mutans: clinical implications of the evolving dental caries aetiological paradigms and its associated microbiome. Br Dent J 2018; 224:219-225. [PMID: 29449651 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aetiological concepts of dental caries have evolved over the years from being considered as a disease initiated by nonspecific microorganisms, to being regarded as an 'infectious' disease caused by specific bacteria, to the current paradigms that emphasise a 'mixed bacterial-ecological approach' as being responsible for lesion initiation and pathogenesis. These aetiological paradigms are not just intellectual concepts but have important implications on how clinicians manage this age-old disease in the twenty-first century. Despite evidence-backed recommendations for adopting more biological measures to counter the disease, a significant proportion of dentists continue following traditional caries management guidelines in their daily clinical practice. This paper will review the evolving dental caries aetiological concepts and highlight the current evidence for adopting a more ecological approach to caries prevention, risk assessment, and treatment.
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Ruihan Z, Xiaobing L, Liping W, Yishan L. [Association between the dental caries and the human leucocyte antigen DQB1 allele polymorphisms among the Uygur and Han children in Xinjiang]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2018; 36:4-8. [PMID: 29594988 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the association between human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1 allele polymorphisms and the presence dental caries among the Uygur and Han children in Xinjiang. METHODS HLA-DQB1 allele in the Uygur and Han children with dental caries and healthy control in Xinjiang was tested (n=40) using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) DNA parting technology. RESULTS A total of five specific loci were detected in the HLA-DQB1 locus among the Uygur and Han children. The frequency of the HLA-DQB1*02 allele in the Han group with severe caries (12.5%) was significantly lower than in the control group (32.5%) (P<0.05, OR=0.297). Moreover, the frequency of the HLA-DQB1*05 allele in the Uygur group with severe caries (37.5%) was significantly higher than in the control group (17.5%) (P<0.05, OR=2.829). CONCLUSIONS Caries susceptibility among the Uygur and Han children in Xinjiang is related to the HLA-DQB1 allele. The HLA-DQB1*02 allele may protect against caries among the Han children, whereas the HLA-DQB1*05 allele may be responsible for the susceptibility of the Uygur children to caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ruihan
- Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry & Oral Prevention and Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Li Xiaobing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wang Liping
- Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry & Oral Prevention and Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Liu Yishan
- Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry & Oral Prevention and Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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Philip N, Suneja B, Walsh LJ. Ecological Approaches to Dental Caries Prevention: Paradigm Shift or Shibboleth? Caries Res 2018; 52:153-165. [PMID: 29320767 DOI: 10.1159/000484985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary paradigms of dental caries aetiology focus on the ecology of the dental plaque biofilm and how local environmental factors can modulate this to cause disease. The crucial role that a healthy oral microbiome plays in preventing caries and promoting oral health is also being increasingly recognized. Based on these concepts, several ecological preventive approaches have been developed that could potentially broaden the arsenal of currently available caries-preventive measures. Many of these ecological approaches aim for long-term caries control by either disrupting cariogenic virulence factors without affecting bacterial viability, or include measures that can enhance the growth of health-associated, microbially diverse communities in the oral microbiome. This paper argues for the need to develop ecological preventive measures that go beyond conventional caries-preventive methods, and discusses whether these ecological approaches can be effective in reducing the severity of caries by promoting stable, health-associated oral biofilm communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebu Philip
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Yanko NV, Artemyev AV, Kaskova LF. Frequency of dental caries in children in the Early Iron Age and the Medieval populations from Ukraine. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/anre-2017-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In this paper we determine the caries frequency in children of the Early Iron Age (EIA) (the 9th - the 3d centuries BC) and the Medieval populations (the 8th - the beginning of the 15th century AD) from the Ukraine area, and compare the results with the data from several European populations who lived at the same time. The EIA is presented by 41 children skeletons, three of which were Cimmerian (the 9th - the 7th centuries BC) from the territory of contemporary Poltava region; 38 skulls from the territory of contemporary Poltava region and Crimea represented Scythian period (the 7th - the 3d centuries BC). Remains of 24 children from the Medieval populations were also examined, three of which were the ancient Hungarians from the Poltava region (the 8th - the 9th centuries AD), 6 Khazars from the Kharkiv region (the 8th - the 9th centuries), 1 child related the Old Rus culture from the Kyiv region (the 9th century), and 14 representatives of the nomadic populations in the Golden Horde period (the 13th - the beginning of the 15th century) from the Poltava and Zaporizhzhya regions. Taking in consideration the letter archaeobotanical studies we suggest that there were no major changes in the plants exploited during all the studied periods. The frequency of carious lesions in children from the Medieval populations (8.3% in individuals, 0.5% in deciduous teeth, and 0.4% in permanent teeth) is only slightly higher than those from the EIA period (2.4% in individuals and 0.2% in deciduous teeth). These indexes were not larger those of majority of European populations dated to the same historic period. Further isotopic, chemical and palaeobotanical studies of the additional sites, with sufficient sample sizes, allow us to learn so much more of the cariogenic factors in children of the past populations from the Ukraine area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Valentinovna Yanko
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Prevention of Dental Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry, Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», Poltava , Ukraine
| | - Andrij Vladislavovich Artemyev
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Prevention of Dental Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry, Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», Poltava , Ukraine
- Archaeological Site Preservation and Studying Centre, Poltava , Ukraine
| | - Lyudmyla Fedorivna Kaskova
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Prevention of Dental Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry, Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», Poltava , Ukraine
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48
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Lack of association between ENAM gene polymorphism and dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in Czech children. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1873-1877. [PMID: 29185146 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The enamelin gene (ENAM) polymorphism (rs12640848) was recently associated with dental caries in primary teeth in Polish children. The aims of the present study were to prove this association in primary dentition and to find a possible effect of this variant on caries development in permanent dentition in Czech children. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study comprised 905 Czech children. Totally, 187 children aged 2-6 years with primary dentition [78 healthy subjects (with decayed/missing/filled teeth, dmft = 0) and 109 patients with early childhood caries (ECC; dmft ≥ 1)] were included in this case-control study. In addition, 177 subjects aged 13-15 years without caries (DMFT = 0) and 541 children with dental caries (DMFT ≥ 1) in permanent dentition were selected from the ELSPAC study. Genotype determination of the ENAM polymorphism (rs12640848) was based on the TaqMan method. RESULTS No significant differences in the allele or genotype frequencies between the caries-free children and those affected by dental caries were observed in both primary and permanent dentitions. CONCLUSIONS Lack of association between the ENAM polymorphism (rs12640848) and dental caries in Czech children was detected. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although ENAM is considered as a candidate gene for dental caries, the presence of the ENAM variant (rs12640848) cannot be used as a risk factor of this multifactorial disease in the Czech population.
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Pang L, Zhi Q, Zhuang P, Yu L, Tao Y, Lin H. Variation in Enamel Formation Genes Influences Enamel Demineralization In Vitro in a Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Model. Front Physiol 2017; 8:851. [PMID: 29163197 PMCID: PMC5670349 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies have shown that variations in enamel formation genes are associated with caries susceptibility. The aim of this study was to test in vitro whether variants in these genes are associated with dental enamel demineralization in a Streptococcus mutans biofilm model. DNA and enamel samples were obtained from 213 individuals. DNA was extracted from saliva, and 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed. The physical and chemical properties of sound enamel samples and the mineral loss and the lesion depth of the demineralized enamel samples under cariogenic challenge were analyzed. Microhardness, enamel chemicals, mineral loss and demineralization depth were compared between different genotypes at each single nucleotide polymorphism. The GG genotype of TUFT1 (rs17640579) and the GT genotype of MMP20 (rs1612069) exhibited increased microhardness (p = 0.044 and 0.016, respectively). The GG genotype of AMBN (rs7694409) had a higher magnesium level, while the CT genotype of TFIP11 (rs2097470) had a lower magnesium level (p = 0.044 and 0.046, respectively). The GT genotype of MMP20 (rs1612069) had a higher calcium level (p = 0.034). The GG genotype of AMBN (rs13115627), the AG genotype of ENAM (rs12640848) and the AA genotype of MMP20 (rs2292730) had a lower phosphorus level (p = 0.012, 0.006, and 0.023, respectively). The GG genotype of AMBN (rs13115627) was also associated with a higher calcium-phosphorus ratio (p = 0.034). Individuals with the CC genotype of TFIP11 (rs134143) exhibited significantly more mineral loss (p = 0.011) and a deeper lesions (p = 0.042). Individuals with the TT genotype of TFIP11 (rs2097470) had more mineral loss (p = 0.018). Individuals with the GG genotype of TUFT1 (rs17640579) exhibited a shallower demineralization depth (p = 0.047). Individuals with the GT genotype of MMP20 (rs1612069) exhibited a shallower demineralization depth (p = 0.042). Individuals with the GG genotype of ENAM (rs12640848) exhibited less mineral loss (p = 0.01) and a shallower demineralization depth (p = 0.03). Genetic variations in TFIP11, TUFT1, MMP20, and ENAM influenced enamel demineralization in a Streptococcus mutans biofilm model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyue Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghui Zhi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peilin Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huancai Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Cavallari T, Salomão H, Moysés ST, Moysés SJ, Werneck RI. The impact of MUC5B gene on dental caries. Oral Dis 2017; 24:372-376. [PMID: 28944591 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the impact of MUC5B polymorphisms on dental caries. METHODS A case-control study was performed with patients recruited at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná. These individuals were aged 12 years old or more. Dental caries was diagnosed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System, and the effects of socioeconomic, dietary, and hygiene factors on dental caries were investigated. Furthermore, buccal cells were collected, and their DNA was extracted and amplified using PCR. Uni-, bi-, and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS Two hundred patients were recruited, 100 were assigned to the case group and 100 to the control group. In the bivariate analysis, the following variables showed significant results: ethnicity (p = .008), biofilm (p < .001), and gingivitis (p < .001). The MUC5B gene affected dental caries with the markers rs2735733 (p < .001), rs2249073 (p < .001), and rs2857476 (p < .001). In the multivariate analysis, the biofilm variable remained significant (p = .026), as did the following markers from the MUC5B gene: rs2735733 (p = .019), rs2249073 (p < .025), and rs2857476 (p < .005). CONCLUSION Genetic variations in the MUC5B gene can influence dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Cavallari
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - H Salomão
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - S T Moysés
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - S J Moysés
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - R I Werneck
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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