1
|
Stein D, Ovadia D, Katz S, Brar PC. Association of hepatokines with markers of endothelial dysfunction and vascular reactivity in obese adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2024; 37:309-316. [PMID: 38404032 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) is known to influence hepatic cytokines (hepatokines), including fibroblast growth factor (FGF-21), fetuin-A, and chemerin. This study aimed to investigate the association between hepatokines and markers of endothelial dysfunction and vascular reactivity in obese adolescents. METHODS A total of 45 obese adolescents were categorized into three groups based on glucose tolerance: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We examined the relationships between FGF-21, fetuin-A, and chemerin with endothelial markers (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], and vascular cell adhesion marker-1 [VCAM-1]) and vascular surrogates (brachial artery reactivity testing [BART] and peak reactive hyperemia [PRH]). RESULTS Obese adolescents (age 16.2±1.2 years; 62 % female, 65 % Hispanic) with NGT (n=20), PD (n=14), and T2D (n=11) had significant differences between groups in BMI; waist-hip ratio (p=0.05), systolic BP (p=0.008), LDL-C (p=0.02), PAI-1 (p<0.001). FGF-21 pg/mL (mean±SD: NGT vs. PD vs. T2D 54±42; 266±286; 160±126 p=0.006) and fetuin-A ng/mL (266±80; 253±66; 313±50 p=0.018), were significantly different while chemerin ng/mL (26±5; 31±10; 28±2) did not significantly differ between the groups. Positive correlations were found between chemerin and both PAI-1 (r=0.6; p=0.05) and ICAM-1 (r=0.6; p=0.05), FGF-21 and PAI-1 (r=0.6; p<0.001), and fetuin-A with TNFα (r=-0.4; p=0.05). Negative correlations were found between chemerin and PRH (r= -0.5; p=0.017) and fetuin-A and PRH (r=-0.4; p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, IR predicted higher FGF-21 levels suggesting a linear relationship may exist between the two parameters. Hepatokines can augment alterations in the microvascular milieu in obese adolescents as demonstrated by their associations with the markers PAI-1, ICAM-1, and PRH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Stein
- Faculty of Medicine, 26745 Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Stuart Katz
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine Department, 5894 NYU Langone Health , New York, NY, USA
| | - Preneet Cheema Brar
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, 5894 New York University Grossman School of Medicine , New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sadowska A, Poniedziałek-Czajkowska E, Mierzyński R. The Role of the FGF19 Family in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17298. [PMID: 38139126 PMCID: PMC10743406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications. Understanding the pathogenesis and appropriate diagnosis of GDM enables the implementation of early interventions during pregnancy that reduce the risk of maternal and fetal complications. At the same time, it provides opportunities to prevent diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases in women with GDM and their offspring in the future. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) represent a heterogeneous family of signaling proteins which play a vital role in cell proliferation and differentiation, repair of damaged tissues, wound healing, angiogenesis, and mitogenesis and also affect the regulation of carbohydrate, lipid, and hormone metabolism. Abnormalities in the signaling function of FGFs may lead to numerous pathological conditions, including metabolic diseases. The FGF19 subfamily, also known as atypical FGFs, which includes FGF19, FGF21, and FGF23, is essential in regulating metabolic homeostasis and acts as a hormone while entering the systemic circulation. Many studies have pointed to the involvement of the FGF19 subfamily in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including GDM, although the results are inconclusive. FGF19 and FGF21 are thought to be associated with insulin resistance, an essential element in the pathogenesis of GDM. FGF21 may influence placental metabolism and thus contribute to fetal growth and metabolism regulation. The observed relationship between FGF21 and increased birth weight could suggest a potential role for FGF21 in predicting future metabolic abnormalities in children born to women with GDM. In this group of patients, different mechanisms may contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in women in later life, and FGF23 appears to be their promising early predictor. This study aims to present a comprehensive review of the FGF19 subfamily, emphasizing its role in GDM and predicting its long-term metabolic consequences for mothers and their offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elżbieta Poniedziałek-Czajkowska
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (R.M.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Badmus OO, Hinds TD, Stec DE. Mechanisms Linking Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) to Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Hypertens Rep 2023; 25:151-162. [PMID: 37191842 PMCID: PMC10839567 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a condition of fat accumulation in the liver that occurs in the majority of patients in combination with metabolic dysfunction in the form of overweight or obesity. In this review, we highlight the cardiovascular complications in MAFLD patients as well as some potential mechanisms linking MAFLD to the development of cardiovascular disease and highlight potential therapeutic approaches to treating cardiovascular diseases in patients with MAFLD. RECENT FINDINGS MAFLD is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathies, and chronic kidney disease. While clinical data have demonstrated the link between MAFLD and the increased risk of CVD development, the mechanisms responsible for this increased risk remain unknown. MAFLD can contribute to CVD through several mechanisms including its association with obesity and diabetes, increased levels of inflammation, and oxidative stress, as well as alterations in hepatic metabolites and hepatokines. Therapies to potentially treat MAFLD-induced include statins and lipid-lowering drugs, glucose-lowering agents, antihypertensive drugs, and antioxidant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olufunto O Badmus
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiorenal, and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao Z, Cui X, Liao Z. Mechanism of fibroblast growth factor 21 in cardiac remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1202730. [PMID: 37416922 PMCID: PMC10322220 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1202730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is a basic pathological process that enables the progression of multiple cardiac diseases to heart failure. Fibroblast growth factor 21 is considered a regulator in maintaining energy homeostasis and shows a positive role in preventing damage caused by cardiac diseases. This review mainly summarizes the effects and related mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor 21 on pathological processes associated with cardiac remodeling, based on a variety of cells of myocardial tissue. The possibility of Fibroblast growth factor 21 as a promising treatment for the cardiac remodeling process will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhao
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuemei Cui
- Fourth Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhangping Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dabravolski SA, Sadykhov NK, Kartuesov AG, Borisov EE, Sukhorukov VN, Orekhov AN. The Role of Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147863. [PMID: 35887211 PMCID: PMC9321738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as the presence in diabetic patients of abnormal cardiac structure and performance (such as left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and arrhythmia) in the absence of other cardiac risk factors (such as hypertension or coronary artery disease). Although the pathogenesis of DCM remains unclear currently, mitochondrial structural and functional dysfunctions are recognised as a central player in the DCM development. In this review, we focus on the role of mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis and mitophagy, Ca2+ metabolism and bioenergetics in the DCM development and progression. Based on the crucial role of mitochondria in DCM, application of mitochondria-targeting therapies could be effective strategies to slow down the progression of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siarhei A. Dabravolski
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine [UO VGAVM], 7/11 Dovatora Str., 210026 Vitebsk, Belarus
- Correspondence:
| | - Nikolay K. Sadykhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.S.); (A.G.K.)
| | - Andrey G. Kartuesov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.S.); (A.G.K.)
| | - Evgeny E. Borisov
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.E.B.); (V.N.S.)
| | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.E.B.); (V.N.S.)
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao H, Tian Y, Zuo Y, Zhang X, Gao Y, Wang P, Sun L, Zhang H, Liang H. Nicotinamide riboside ameliorates high-fructose-induced lipid metabolism disorder in mice via improving FGF21 resistance in the liver and white adipose tissue. Food Funct 2022; 13:12400-12411. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01934e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
NR supplementation could ameliorate high-fructose-induced lipid metabolism disorder by improving FGF21 resistance in the liver and WAT, which may be related to the inflammation state mediated by SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yingjie Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuwei Zuo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yijun Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lirui Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Inhibition of myeloid differentiation factor 2 attenuates cardiometabolic impairments via reducing cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, apoptosis and ferroptosis in prediabetic rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1868:166301. [PMID: 34748903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is a key mediator of left ventricular dysfunction (LV) in prediabetes via the activation of myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2)/toll-like receptor 4 complex. The MD2 inhibitor L6H21 effectively reduced systemic and cardiac inflammation in obese mice. However, its effects on cardiac function and regulated cell death pathways in the heart in prediabetes are still unknown. The prediabetic rats were divided into 3 subgroups to receive vehicle, L6H21 (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) or metformin (300 mg/kg) for 1, 2 and 4 weeks. Then, metabolic parameters, cardiac sympathovagal balance, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis were determined. All prediabetic rats exhibited cardiac sympathovagal imbalance, LV dysfunction, and cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction. All doses of L6H21 treatment for 2- and 4-weeks attenuated insulin resistance. L6H21 at 40 mg/kg attenuated cardiac autonomic imbalance and LV dysfunction after 1 week of treatment. Both 10 and 20 mg/kg of L6H21 required longer treatment duration to show these benefits. Mechanistically, all doses of L6H21 reduced cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction after 1 week of treatment, resulting in alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation. L6H21 also effectively suppressed cardiac apoptosis and ferroptosis, but it did not affect necroptosis in prediabetic rats. L6H21 provided the cardioprotective efficacy in dose- and time-dependent manners in prediabetic rats via reduction in apoptosis and ferroptosis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Bo-Htay C, Shwe T, Jaiwongkam T, Kerdphoo S, Pratchayasakul W, Pattarasakulchai T, Shinlapawittayatorn K, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy effectively alleviates D-galactose-induced-age-related cardiac dysfunction via attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction in pre-diabetic rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10955-10972. [PMID: 33861726 PMCID: PMC8109141 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the prevalence of obesity in aging populations is fast growing worldwide. Aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal) is proven to cause the worsening of cardiac dysfunction in pre-diabetic rats via deteriorating cardiac mitochondrial function. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to attenuate D-gal-induced cognitive deterioration through decreased inflammation and apoptosis. We tested the hypothesis that HBOT alleviates D-gal induced cardiac dysfunction via improving mitochondrial function in pre-diabetic rats. Wistar rats (n=56) were fed normal diet or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. For subsequent 8 weeks, they were subcutaneously injected either vehicle (0.9% normal saline) or D-gal (150mg/kg/day). Rats were randomly subdivided into 7 groups at week 21: sham-treated (normal diet fed rats with vehicle (NDV), high-fat diet fed rats with vehicle (HFV), normal diet fed rats with D-gal (NDDg), high-fat diet fed rats with D-gal (HFDg)) and HBOT-treated (HFV, NDDg, HFDg). Sham rats received ambient pressure of oxygen while HBOT-treated ones received 100% oxygen given once daily for 60 minutes at 2 atmosphere absolute. HBOT reduced metabolic impairments, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased autophagy, resulting in an improvement of cardiac function in aged pre-diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cherry Bo-Htay
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thazin Shwe
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Jaiwongkam
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thienchai Pattarasakulchai
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Krekwit Shinlapawittayatorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xiao M, Tang Y, Wang S, Wang J, Wang J, Guo Y, Zhang J, Gu J. The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications and Related Epigenetic Mechanisms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:598008. [PMID: 34349728 PMCID: PMC8326758 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.598008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), is an emerging metabolic regulator mediates multiple beneficial effects in the treatment of metabolic disorders and related complications. Recent studies showed that FGF21 acts as an important inhibitor in the onset and progression of cardiovascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Furthermore, evidences discussed so far demonstrate that epigenetic modifications exert a crucial role in the initiation and development of DM-related cardiovascular complications. Thus, epigenetic modifications may involve in the function of FGF21 on DM-induced cardiovascular complications. Therefore, this review mainly interprets and delineates the recent advances of role of FGF21 in DM cardiovascular complications. Then, the possible changes of epigenetics related to the role of FGF21 on DM-induced cardiovascular complications are discussed. Thus, this article not only implies deeper understanding of the pathological mechanism of DM-related cardiovascular complications, but also provides the possible novel therapeutic strategy for DM-induced cardiovascular complications by targeting FGF21 and related epigenetic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Xiao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yufeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shudong Wang
- Department of Cardiology at the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanfang Guo
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology at the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Department of Cardiology at the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Junlian Gu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Junlian Gu,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferrer‐Curriu G, Guitart‐Mampel M, Rupérez C, Zamora M, Crispi F, Villarroya F, Fernández‐Solà J, Garrabou G, Planavila A. The protective effect of fibroblast growth factor‐21 in alcoholic cardiomyopathy: a role in protecting cardiac mitochondrial function. J Pathol 2020; 253:198-208. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Ferrer‐Curriu
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) i Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Madrid Spain
| | - Mariona Guitart‐Mampel
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex‐IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service – Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona and CIBERER Barcelona Spain
| | - Celia Rupérez
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) i Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Madrid Spain
| | - Monica Zamora
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal –Barcelona Center for Maternal–Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu) Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Fatima Crispi
- Fetal i+D Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal –Barcelona Center for Maternal–Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clinic and Hospital San Juan de Deu) Institut Clinic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatalogia, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) i Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Madrid Spain
| | - Joaquim Fernández‐Solà
- Alcohol Unit, Department of Medicine Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Gloria Garrabou
- Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, Cellex‐IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service – Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona and CIBERER Barcelona Spain
| | - Anna Planavila
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) i Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu (IRSJD), Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Adipokines and Inflammation: Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207711. [PMID: 33081064 PMCID: PMC7589803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that adipose tissue, apart from its energy storage function, acts as an endocrine organ that produces and secretes a number of bioactive substances, including hormones commonly known as adipokines. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, mainly due to a low grade of inflammation and the excessive fat accumulation produced in this state. The adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity leads to an aberrant release of adipokines, some of them with direct cardiovascular and inflammatory regulatory functions. Inflammation is a common link between obesity and cardiovascular diseases, so this review will summarise the role of the main adipokines implicated in the regulation of the inflammatory processes occurring under the scenario of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
Packer M. Cardioprotective Effects of Sirtuin-1 and Its Downstream Effectors: Potential Role in Mediating the Heart Failure Benefits of SGLT2 (Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2) Inhibitors. Circ Heart Fail 2020; 13:e007197. [PMID: 32894987 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.120.007197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors may be related to their ability to induce a fasting-like paradigm, which triggers the activation of nutrient deprivation pathways to promote cellular homeostasis. The most distinctive metabolic manifestations of this fasting mimicry are enhanced gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis, which are not seen with other antihyperglycemic drugs. The principal molecular stimulus to gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis is activation of SIRT1 (sirtuin-1) and its downstream mediators: PGC-1α (proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha) and FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21). These three nutrient deprivation sensors exert striking cardioprotective effects in a broad range of experimental models. This benefit appears to be related to their actions to alleviate oxidative stress and promote autophagy-a lysosome-dependent degradative pathway that disposes of dysfunctional organelles that are major sources of cellular injury. Nutrient deprivation sensors are suppressed in states of perceived energy surplus (ie, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic heart failure), but SGLT2 inhibitors activate SIRT1/PGC-1α/FGF21 signaling and promote autophagy. This effect may be related to their action to trigger the perception of a system-wide decrease in environmental nutrients, but SGLT2 inhibitors may also upregulate SIRT1, PGC-1α, and FGF21 by a direct effect on the heart. Interestingly, metformin-induced stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (a nutrient deprivation sensor that does not promote ketogenesis) has not been shown to reduce heart failure events in clinical trials. Therefore, promotion of ketogenic nutrient deprivation signaling by SGLT2 inhibitors may explain their cardioprotective effects, even though SGLT2 is not expressed in the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX;and Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lu S, Liu G, Chen T, Wang W, Hu J, Tang D, Peng X. Lentivirus-Mediated hFGF21 Stable Expression in Liver of Diabetic Rats Model and Its Antidiabetic Effect Observation. Hum Gene Ther 2020; 31:472-484. [PMID: 32027183 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2019.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing annually, which is a serious threat to human health. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is one of the most popular targets for the treatment of diabetes because it effectively improves glycolipid metabolism. In our experiment, human FGF21 (hFGF21) was injected and stably expressed in the liver tissues of a rat T2DM model with lentivirus system. Based on clinical and histopathological examinations, islet cells were protected and liver tissue lesions were repaired for >4 months. Glucose metabolism and histopathology were controlled perfectly when hFGF21 was stably expressed in partial liver of T2DM rats. The results showed that the liver tissue cell apoptosis was reduced, the lipid droplet content was decreased, the oxidative stress indexes were improved, the glycogen content was increased, and the islet cells were increased too. Besides, insulin sensitivity and glycogen synthesis-related genes expression were increased, but cell apoptosis-related genes caspase3 and NFκB expression were decreased. The effectiveness of results suggested that injecting hFGF21 to rats liver could effectively treat T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiyao Lu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Guanglong Liu
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Tianxing Chen
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Wanpu Wang
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jingwen Hu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Donghong Tang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen YM, Yu XJ, Liu KL, Gao HL, Li Y, Sun TZ, Shi XL, Li HB, Zhu GQ, Qi J, Kang YM. Inhibition of Hypothalamic Inhibitor κB Kinase β/Nuclear Transcription Factor κB Pathway Attenuates Metabolism and Cardiac Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Neuroendocrinology 2020; 110:899-913. [PMID: 31671427 DOI: 10.1159/000504444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in energy imbalance and its complications. Recent research indicates that hypothalamic inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and cardiac dysfunction, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that suppression of the proinflammatory IKKβ/NF-κB pathway in the hypothalamus can improve energy balance and cardiac function in type 2 diabetic (T2D) rats. METHODS Normal and T2D rats received bilateral hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) infusions of the IKKβ inhibitor SC-514 or vehicle via osmotic minipump. Metabolic phenotyping, immunohistochemical analyses, and biochemical analyses were used to investigate the outcomes of inhibition of the hypothalamic IKKβ. Echocardiography and glucometer were used for measuring cardiac function and blood glucose, respectively. Blood samples were collected for the evaluation of circulating proinflammatory cytokines. Heart was harvested for cardiac morphology evaluations. The ARC was harvested and analyzed for IKKβ, NF-κB, proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and NAD(P)H (gp91phox, p47phox) oxidase activity levels and neuropeptides. RESULTS Compared with normal rats, T2D rats were characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, cardiac dysfunction, as well as higher ARC levels of IKKβ, NF-κB, proinflammatory cytokines, ROS, gp91phox, and p47phox. ARC infusion of the IKKβ inhibitor SC-514 attenuated all these changes in T2D rats, but not in normal rats. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the hypothalamic IKKβ/NF-κB pathway plays a key role in modulating energy imbalance and cardiac dysfunction, suggesting its potential therapeutic role during type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Li Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian-Ze Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Bao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China,
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bo-Htay C, Shwe T, Higgins L, Palee S, Shinlapawittayatorn K, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Aging induced by D-galactose aggravates cardiac dysfunction via exacerbating mitochondrial dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats. GeroScience 2019; 42:233-249. [PMID: 31768765 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and an aging population are increasing worldwide. Both obesity and aging are independently known to be associated with cardiac dysfunction. However, in obese insulin-resistant subjects, the effects of aging on metabolic status and cardiac and mitochondrial functions are not completely understood. We hypothesized that in the obese insulin-resistant condition, aging induced by D-galactose increases cardiac senescence markers and aggravates the impairment of metabolic parameters, cardiac and mitochondrial function, and increases oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were fed with either normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Then, rats were divided into vehicle groups (0.9% NSS, subcutaneous injection (SC)) or D-galactose groups (150 mg/kg/day, SC). After 0.9%NSS or D-galactose treatment for 4 weeks and 8 weeks, metabolic and cardiac functions were determined. The heart was then removed to determine mitochondrial functions and enable biochemical studies. After 4 weeks of D-galactose injection, ND rats treated with D-galactose (NDD4), HFD rats treated with vehicle (HFV4), and HFD rats treated with D-galactose (HFD4) had reduced cardiac function, impaired cardiac mitochondrial function and autophagy, and increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Interestingly, after 8 weeks, HFD rats treated with D-galactose (HFD8) had the worst impairment of cardiac and mitochondrial function, autophagy, and apoptosis in comparison to the other groups. Aging induced by D-galactose aggravated cardiac dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats through the worsening of cardiac mitochondrial function, autophagy, and increased apoptosis in a time-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cherry Bo-Htay
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Thazin Shwe
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Louis Higgins
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siripong Palee
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Krekwit Shinlapawittayatorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Combined iron chelator with N-acetylcysteine exerts the greatest effect on improving cardiac calcium homeostasis in iron-overloaded thalassemic mice. Toxicology 2019; 427:152289. [PMID: 31542421 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality in thalassemia patients are predominantly caused by iron overload cardiomyopathy (IOC). Iron-induced cardiac intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) dysregulation is among the core pathophysiological processes in IOC-related heart failure. Although cardioprotective roles of deferiprone (DFP) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) have been reported, their effect on cardiac [Ca2+]i transients and Ca2+-regulatory protein expression in thalassemic mice is unknown. In the present study, iron overload condition was induced in wild-type (WT) and heterozygous β-thalassemic (HT) mice by a high-iron diet. The iron-overloaded mice subsequently received a vehicle, DFP, NAC, or DFP plus NAC co-therapy. In both WT and HT iron-overloaded mice, DFP and NAC had similar efficacy in decreasing plasma non-transferrin-bound iron, decreasing cardiac iron concentration (CIC) and relieving systolic dysfunction. DFP plus NAC co-therapy, however, was better than the monotherapy in reducing CIC and restoring cardiac [Ca2+]i transient amplitude and rising rate. All regimens produced no change in cardiac Ca2+-regulatory protein expression. We provided the first evidence regarding the synergistic effect of combined iron chelator-antioxidant therapy on cardiac [Ca2+]i homeostasis in iron-overloaded thalassemic mice, with consistent improvement of cardiac contractility.
Collapse
|
17
|
Exosomal microRNA-122 mediates obesity-related cardiomyopathy through suppressing mitochondrial ADP-ribosylation factor-like 2. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1871-1881. [PMID: 31434696 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRs) participate in the development of multiple metabolic complications including cardiovascular diseases. Among them, circulating level of liver-secreted miR-122 was closely correlated with several consequence of heart diseases in clinical studies, and overexpression of miR-122 impaired cardiomyocyte function. However, it was unknown whether miR-122 could regulate cardiac biology in obesity. Therefore, present study was to disclose the role of miR-122 in cardiac metabolic disorders and potential molecular mechanisms. Through utilizing clinical samples and high fat diet-fed mice, we investigated the physiological roles of miR-122 in obesity-related cardiomyopathy. Besides, present study explored the mitochondrial function under exosomal miR-122 stimulation in mouse primary cardiomyocytes. In clinical samples and obese mice, the circulating level of exosomal miR-122 was positively correlated with cardiac dysfunctional parameters, including reduction in ejection fraction (EF) and increased levels of NT-proBNP. Human plasma exosomes transported miR-122 into mouse primary cardiomyocytes, and impaired mitochondrial ATP production and oxygen consumption, whereas miR-122 sponge improved these inhibitory effects. In dietary-induced mice, increased hepatic and circulating exosomal miR-122 deteriorated cardiac structure and functional index, and inhibited mitochondrial function. Liver-specific blockage of miR-122 attenuated abnormal cardiac remodeling. Mechanistically, miR-122 directly bound and suppressed mitochondrial protein ADP-ribosylation factor-like 2 (Arl-2) in vitro and in vivo Knockdown of Arl-2 abolished the mitochondrial benefits of miR-122 sponge in exosome-treated mouse primary cardiomyocytes.In conclusions, our present study firstly showed that liver-secreted exosomal miR-122 played a critical role in the development of metabolic cardiomyopathy, and miR-122/mitochondrial Arl-2 signaling affected cardiac energy homeostasis.
Collapse
|
18
|
Duan J, Chen Z, Wu Y, Zhu B, Yang L, Yang C. Metabolic remodeling induced by mitokines in heart failure. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7307-7327. [PMID: 31498116 PMCID: PMC6756899 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence rates of heart failure (HF) are greater than 10% in individuals aged >75 years, indicating an intrinsic link between aging and HF. It has been recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathology of HF. Mitokines are a type of cytokines, peptides, or signaling pathways produced or activated by the nucleus or the mitochondria through cell non-autonomous responses during cellular stress. In addition to promoting the communication between the mitochondria and the nucleus, mitokines also exert a systemic regulatory effect by circulating to distant tissues. It is noteworthy that increasing evidence has demonstrated that mitokines are capable of reducing the metabolic-related HF risk factors and are associated with HF severity. Consequently, mitokines might represent a potential therapy target for HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Duan
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Zijun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Yeshun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saiyasit N, Chunchai T, Prus D, Suparan K, Pittayapong P, Apaijai N, Pratchayasakul W, Sripetchwandee J, Chattipakorn M D Ph D N, Chattipakorn SC. Gut dysbiosis develops before metabolic disturbance and cognitive decline in high-fat diet-induced obese condition. Nutrition 2019; 69:110576. [PMID: 31580986 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High-fat diet (HFD) consumption caused metabolic disturbance, gut dysbiosis, brain pathology, microglia hyperactivity, and cognitive decline. However, the exact timeline of these abnormalities following HFD consumption is still elusive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that gut dysbiosis, peripheral inflammation, and peripheral insulin resistance occur before the brain inflammatory response, hippocampal synaptic dysplasticity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cognitive impairment in HFD-fed rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats received either a normal diet or an HFD for 2, 8, 12, 20, or 40 wk. At the end of each time point, cognitive functions and metabolic parameters were determined. Gut microbiota, brain immune cell activity, amyloid-β level, microglia morphology, hippocampal reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and dendritic spine density were measured. RESULTS We found that HFD-fed rats developed gut dysbiosis at week 2 and peripheral insulin resistance at week 8. Rats fed an HFD for 12 wk displayed hippocampal synaptic dysplasticity, decreased dendritic spine density, an elevation of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1+ cells, increased hippocampal reactive oxygen species levels and hippocampal apoptosis with cognitive decline. The decreased percentage of resident microglia and increased percentage of infiltrated macrophage were observed at weeks 20 and 40. Surprisingly, brain amyloid-β levels were increased after 40 wk of an HFD diet. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that gut dysbiosis develops in the earliest phase of consumption of an HFD, followed by brain pathology, which leads to cognitive decline in obese insulin-resistant rats. Therefore, an improvement in gut dysbiosis should provide beneficial effects in the prevention of neuropathology and cognitive decline in the obese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Napatsorn Saiyasit
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Dillon Prus
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanokphong Suparan
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pansa Pittayapong
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jirapas Sripetchwandee
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn M D Ph D
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Su X, Kong Y, Peng D. Fibroblast growth factor 21 in lipid metabolism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 498:30-37. [PMID: 31419414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases in several developed countries, ranging from simple non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Currently, NAFLD has been confirmed to be associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and pre-diabetes, which are always grouped together as metabolic syndrome. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) plays an important role in liver pathophysiology with multiple metabolic functions. Accumulating evidence has shown that FGF21 could directly modulate lipid metabolism and reduce lipid accumulation in hepatocytes through an insulin-independent pathway, thus suppressing the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Furthermore, treatment with FGF21 could obviously reverse NAFLD and synergistically alleviate obesity and counteract insulin resistance. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of FGF21 and the evidence of FGF21 as an important regulator in hepatic lipid metabolism. The mechanisms by which FGF21 affects the pathogenesis of NAFLD would also be proposed for the further understanding of FGF21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomes, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Combined exercise and calorie restriction therapies restore contractile and mitochondrial functions in skeletal muscle of obese–insulin resistant rats. Nutrition 2019; 62:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
22
|
Chunchai T, Apaijai N, Keawtep P, Mantor D, Arinno A, Pratchayasakul W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Testosterone deprivation intensifies cognitive decline in obese male rats via glial hyperactivity, increased oxidative stress, and apoptosis in both hippocampus and cortex. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 226:e13229. [PMID: 30506942 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study hypothesized that testosterone deprivation aggravates cognitive decline in obesity through increasing oxidative stress, glial activation, and apoptosis. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 24) were fed with either normal-diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks. At week 13, ND-fed rats and HFD-fed rats were randomly assigned to two subgroups to receive either a sham-operation or bilateral-orchiectomy (ORX). Rats were evaluated for metabolic parameters and cognition at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the operation. At the end of protocol, the reactive oxygen species (ROS), glial morphology, and cell apoptosis were determined in hippocampus and cortex. RESULTS Both HFD-fed groups developed obese-insulin resistance, but ND-fed rats did not. HFD-fed rats with sham-operation showed cognitive decline, when compared to ND-fed rats with sham-operation at all time points. At 4- and 8-week after ORX, the cognitive impairment of ND-fed rats and both HFD-fed groups was not different. However, 12-week after ORX, cognitive decline and of glial hyperactivity of HFD-fed rats had the greatest increase among all groups. Hippocampal ROS levels and apoptotic cells in both HFD-fed groups were equally increased, but the cortical ROS levels and apoptotic cells of HFD-fed rats with ORX were the highest ones. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that testosterone deprivation aggravates cognitive decline in obesity via increasing oxidative stress, glial activity and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Puntarik Keawtep
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Duangkamol Mantor
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Apiwan Arinno
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ren Z, Xiao W, Zeng Y, Liu MH, Li GH, Tang ZH, Qu SL, Hao YM, Yuan HQ, Jiang ZS. Fibroblast growth factor-21 alleviates hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by promoting autophagic flux. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1321-1330. [PMID: 30664197 PMCID: PMC6365083 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21, a member of the family of FGFs, exhibits protective effects against myocardial ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion injury; it is also an enhancer of autophagy. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective role of FGF-21 against cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of FGF-21 on H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury induced by H/R and the mechanism associated with changes in autophagy. Cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia were treated with a vehicle or FGF-21 during reoxygenation. The viability of H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 and trypan blue exclusion assays. The contents of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnT), cardiac troponin T (cTnI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture medium were detected with a CK, CK-MB, cTnT, cTnI and LDH assay kits. The protein levels were examined by western blot analysis. Autophagic flux was detected by Ad-mCherry-GFP-LC3B autophagy fluorescent adenovirus reagent. The results indicated that FGF-21 alleviated H/R-induced H9c2 myocardial cell injury and enhanced autophagic flux during H/R, and that this effect was antagonized by co-treatment with 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor. Furthermore, FGF-21 increased the expression levels of Beclin-1 and Vps34 proteins, but not of mechanistic target of rapamycin. These data indicate that FGF-21 treatment limited H/R injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by promoting autophagic flux through upregulation of the expression levels of Beclin-1 and Vps34 proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ren
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Weijin Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Mi-Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Han Tang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Shun-Lin Qu
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Meng Hao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Hou-Qin Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Olejnik A, Franczak A, Krzywonos-Zawadzka A, Kałużna-Oleksy M, Bil-Lula I. The Biological Role of Klotho Protein in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5171945. [PMID: 30671457 PMCID: PMC6323445 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5171945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Klotho is a membrane-bound or soluble antiaging protein, whose protective activity is essential for a proper function of many organs. In 1997, an accidental insertion of a transgene led to creation of transgenic mice with several age-related disorders. In Klotho-deficient mice, the inherited phenotypes closely resemble human aging, while in an animal model of Klotho overexpression, the lifespan is extended. Klotho protein is detected mainly in the kidneys and brain. It is a coreceptor for fibroblast growth factor and hence is involved in maintaining endocrine system homeostasis. Furthermore, an inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway by Klotho regulates oxidative stress and reduces cell death. The association between serum Klotho and the classic risk factors, as well as the clinical history of cardiovascular disease, was also shown. There are a lot of evidences that Klotho deficiency correlates with the occurrence and development of coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Therefore, an involvement of Klotho in the signaling pathways and in regulation of a proper cell metabolism could be a crucial factor in the cardiac and vascular protection. It is also well established that Klotho protein enhances the antioxidative response via augmented production of superoxide dismutase and reduced generation of reactive oxygen species. Recent studies have proven an expression of Klotho in cardiomyocytes and its increased expression in stress-related heart injury. Thus, the antioxidative and antiapoptotic activity of Klotho could be considered as the novel protective factor in cardiovascular disease and heart injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Olejnik
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Franczak
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Krzywonos-Zawadzka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kałużna-Oleksy
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lord's Transfiguration, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Persson PB, Bondke Persson A. Metabolism, obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 223:e13096. [PMID: 29754459 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. B. Persson
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Berlin Germany
| | - A. Bondke Persson
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen J, Hu J, Liu H, Xiong Y, Zou Y, Huang W, Shao M, Wu J, Yu L, Wang X, Wang X, Lin L. FGF21 Protects the Blood-Brain Barrier by Upregulating PPARγ via FGFR1/β-klotho after Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2091-2103. [PMID: 29648978 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and dysfunction result in brain edema, which is responsible for more than half of all deaths after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has a potential neuroprotective function in the brain. However, the effects and underlying possible mechanism of action on BBB integrity following TBI remain unknown. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of FGF21 on BBB protection and TBI treatment. The effects of recombinant human FGF21 (rhFGF21) on BBB integrity and on tight junction (TJ) and adhesion junction (AJ) proteins were investigated both in a TBI mouse model and an in vitro BBB disruption model established with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). The ability of rhFGF21 to form an FGF21/FGFR1/β-klotho complex was confirmed by in vitro β-klotho small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection and FGFR1 co-immunoprecipitation. In addition, the specific FGFR1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) inhibitors PD173074 and GW9662, respectively, were applied to further explore the possible mechanism of rhFGF21 in BBB maintenance after TBI. rhFGF21 markedly reduced neurofunctional behavior deficits and cerebral edema degree, preserved BBB integrity, and recued brain tissue loss and neuron apoptosis in the mouse model after TBI. Both in vivo and in vitro, rhFGF21 upregulated TJ and AJ proteins, thereby preserving the BBB. Moreover, rhFGF21 activated PPARγ in TNF-α-induced HBMECs through formation of an FGF21/FGFR1/β-klotho complex. rhFGF21 protected the BBB through FGF21/FGFR1/β-klotho complex formation and PPARγ activation, which upregulated TJ and AJ proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Hu
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Liu
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Xiong
- 2 The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuchi Zou
- 2 The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenting Huang
- 3 School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjie Shao
- 3 School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Yu
- 4 The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University , Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Wang
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Lin
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rupérez C, Lerin C, Ferrer-Curriu G, Cairo M, Mas-Stachurska A, Sitges M, Villarroya J, Giralt M, Villarroya F, Planavila A. Autophagic control of cardiac steatosis through FGF21 in obesity-associated cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
28
|
Khamseekaew J, Kumfu S, Palee S, Wongjaikam S, Srichairatanakool S, Fucharoen S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Effects of the iron chelator deferiprone and the T-type calcium channel blocker efonidipine on cardiac function and Ca 2+ regulation in iron-overloaded thalassemic mice. Cell Calcium 2018; 72:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
29
|
Tanajak P, Sa-Nguanmoo P, Apaijai N, Wang X, Liang G, Li X, Jiang C, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Comparisons of cardioprotective efficacy between fibroblast growth factor 21 and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor in prediabetic rats. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 35. [PMID: 28391633 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Comparative efficacy between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and vildagliptin on metabolic regulation, cardiac mitochondrial function, heart rate variability (HRV), and left ventricular (LV) function is not known. We hypothesized that FGF21 and vildagliptin share a similar efficacy in improving these parameters in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese-insulin resistant rats. METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal diet (ND) or a HFD for 12 weeks. Then, ND rats were received vehicle (NDV). Rats in the HFD group were divided into three subgroups to receive either vehicle (HFV), recombinant human FGF21 (rhFGF21, 0.1 mg/kg/d, ip; HFF), or vildagliptin (3 mg/kg/d, PO; HFVil) for 28 days. RESULTS HFV rats developed obese-insulin resistance, increased serum tumor necrosis factors alpha (TNF-α) level, impaired heart rate variability (HRV) together with cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, and LV dysfunction. Cardiac apoptosis was markedly increased in HFV rats indicated by decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) with increased Bcl2-associated X-protein (Bax) and cleaved caspase 3 expression. Cardiac FGF21 signaling pathways were markedly decreased in HFV rats indicated by decreased phosphor-fibroblast growth factor receptors 1 (p-FGFR1), phosphor-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 (p-ERK1/2), proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) expression. Although both FGF21 and vildagliptin similarly attenuated these impairments, only HFF rats had decreased body weight, visceral fat, and serum TNF-α levels. CONCLUSIONS FGF21 exerts better metabolic regulation and inflammation reduction than vildagliptin. However, FGF21 and vildagliptin shared a similar efficacy for cardioprotection by improving HRV and LV function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pongpan Tanajak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Piangkwan Sa-Nguanmoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tanajak P, Pongkan W, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Increased plasma FGF21 level as an early biomarker for insulin resistance and metabolic disturbance in obese insulin-resistant rats. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2018; 15:263-269. [PMID: 29424246 DOI: 10.1177/1479164118757152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Propose: To investigate the temporal relationship between plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 levels, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction and cardiac fibroblast growth factor 21 resistance in long-term high-fat diet-induced obese rats. METHODS In total, 36 male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal diet or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Blood was collected from the tail tip, and plasma was used to determine metabolic profiles and fibroblast growth factor 21 levels. Rats were sacrificed at weeks 4, 8 and 12, and the hearts were rapidly removed for the determination of cardiac fibroblast growth factor 21 signalling pathways. RESULTS Body weight and plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 levels were increased after 4 weeks of consumption of a high-fat diet. At weeks 8 and 12, high-fat diet rats had significantly increased body weight and plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 levels, together with increased plasma insulin, HOMA index, area under the curve of glucose, plasma total cholesterol, plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum malondialdehyde and cardiac malondialdehyde levels. However, plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and cardiac fibroblast growth factor 21 signalling proteins (p-FGFR1 Tyr154, p-ERK1/2 Thr202/Tyr204 and p-Akt Ser473) were decreased, compared with normal diet rats. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 levels could be an early predictive biomarker prior to the development of insulin resistance, metabolic disturbance and cardiac fibroblast growth factor 21 resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pongpan Tanajak
- 1 Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 2 Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 3 Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wanpitak Pongkan
- 1 Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 4 Division of Veterinary Pre-clinic, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- 1 Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 3 Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 5 Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- 1 Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 2 Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 3 Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang H, Feng A, Lin S, Yu L, Lin X, Yan X, Lu X, Zhang C. Fibroblast growth factor-21 prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy via AMPK-mediated antioxidation and lipid-lowering effects in the heart. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:227. [PMID: 29445083 PMCID: PMC5833682 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that both exogenous and endogenous FGF21 inhibited cardiac apoptosis at the early stage of type 1 diabetes. Whether FGF21 induces preventive effect on type 2 diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy was investigated in the present study. High-fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes was established in both wild-type (WT) and FGF21-knockout (FGF21-KO) mice followed by treating with FGF21 for 4 months. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) was diagnosed by significant cardiac dysfunction, remodeling, and cardiac lipid accumulation associated with increased apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which was aggravated in FGF21-KO mice. However, the cardiac damage above was prevented by administration of FGF21. Further studies demonstrated that the metabolic regulating effect of FGF21 is not enough, contributing to FGF21-induced significant cardiac protection under diabetic conditions. Therefore, other protective mechanisms must exist. The in vivo cardiac damage was mimicked in primary neonatal or adult mouse cardiomyocytes treated with HG/Pal, which was inhibited by FGF21 treatment. Knockdown of AMPKα1/2, AKT2, or NRF2 with their siRNAs revealed that FGF21 protected cardiomyocytes from HG/Pal partially via upregulating AMPK–AKT2–NRF2-mediated antioxidative pathway. Additionally, knockdown of AMPK suppressed fatty acid β-oxidation via inhibition of ACC–CPT-1 pathway. And, inhibition of fatty acid β-oxidation partially blocked FGF21-induced protection in cardiomyocytes. Further, in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that FGF21-induced cardiac protection against type 2 diabetes was mainly attributed to lipotoxicity rather than glucose toxicity. These results demonstrate that FGF21 functions physiologically and pharmacologically to prevent type 2 diabetic lipotoxicity-induced cardiomyopathy through activation of both AMPK–AKT2–NRF2-mediated antioxidative pathway and AMPK–ACC–CPT-1-mediated lipid-lowering effect in the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Anyun Feng
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sundong Lin
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lechu Yu
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiufei Lin
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Biomedical Innovation Center, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Wenzhou Biomedical Innovation Center, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuemian Lu
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- Ruian Center of Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. .,Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. .,Wenzhou Biomedical Innovation Center, Wenzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Increased sympathovagal imbalance evaluated by heart rate variability is associated with decreased T2* MRI and left ventricular function in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171266. [PMID: 29330222 PMCID: PMC5794499 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of iron overload cardiomyopathy is an important strategy for decreasing the mortality rate of patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). Although cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T2* is effective in detecting cardiac iron deposition, it is costly and not generally available. We investigated whether heart rate variability (HRV) can be used as a screening method of iron overload cardiomyopathy in TDT patients. HRV, evaluated by 24-h Holter monitoring, non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI), serum ferritin, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF), and CMR-T2* were determined. Patients with a cardiac iron overload condition had a significantly higher low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio than patients without a cardiac iron overload condition. Log-serum ferritin (r = -0.41, P=0.008), serum NTBI (r = -0.313, P=0.029), and LF/HF ratio (r = -0.286, P=0.043) showed a significant correlation with CMR-T2*, however only the LF/HF ratio was significantly correlated with LVEF (r = -0.264, P=0.043). These significant correlations between HRV and CMR-T2* and LVEF in TDT confirmed the beneficial role of HRV as a potential early screening tool of cardiac iron overload in thalassemia patients, especially in a medical center in which CMR T2* is not available. A larger number of TDT patients with cardiac iron overload are needed to confirm this finding.
Collapse
|
33
|
Tanajak P, Sa-Nguanmoo P, Sivasinprasasn S, Thummasorn S, Siri-Angkul N, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Cardioprotection of dapagliflozin and vildagliptin in rats with cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:69-84. [PMID: 29142025 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2-i) effects on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are unclear. Unlike SGLT2-i, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4-i) have shown effective cardioprotection in cardiac I/R injury. We aimed to investigate whether SGLT2-i reduces myocardial dysfunction and myocardial injury to a greater extent than DPP4-i in obese insulin-resistant rats with/without cardiac I/R injury. The high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese insulin-resistant rats were divided into 4 groups and received the following treatments for 28 days: vehicle (HFV); vildagliptin at a dosage of 3 mg/kg/day (HFVil); dapagliflozin at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day (HFDa) and combination drugs (HFDaVil). At the end, I/R injury was induced by a 30-min left anterior descending coronary occlusion and 120-min reperfusion. Dapagliflozin showed a greater efficacy than vildagliptin in improving the metabolic impairments, low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio, systolic blood pressure and left ventricular (LV) function in comparison to HFV rats. In cardiac I/R injury, dapagliflozin had a greater efficacy than vildagiptin in decreasing mitochondrial DRP1, cleaved caspase 3, LV dysfunction and infarct size in comparison to HFV rats. However, the combined therapy showed the greatest efficacy in attenuating LV dysfunction, mitochondrial DRP1 and infarct size in comparison to HFV rats. In conclusion, dapagliflozin has a more pronounced effect than vildagliptin in obese insulin-resistant rats for the improvement of LV function. In rats with cardiac I/R injury, although dapagliflozin had a greater efficacy on cardioprotection than vildagliptin, the combined therapy exerted the highest cardioprotective effects potentially by reducing mitochondrial fission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pongpan Tanajak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Piangkwan Sa-Nguanmoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sivaporn Sivasinprasasn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Savitree Thummasorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natthaphat Siri-Angkul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic SciencesFaculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Affiliation(s)
- P. B. Persson
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Vegetative Physiology; Berlin Germany
| | - A. Bondke Persson
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sa-Nguanmoo P, Tanajak P, Kerdphoo S, Jaiwongkam T, Wang X, Liang G, Li X, Jiang C, Pratchayasakul W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. FGF21 and DPP-4 inhibitor equally prevents cognitive decline in obese rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:1663-1672. [PMID: 29793329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) on metabolic function and neuroprotection have been shown in earlier research. We have previously shown that the Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 inhibitor, vildagliptin, also led to improved insulin sensitivity and brain function in the obese-insulin resistant condition. However, the comparative efficacy on the improvement of metabolic function and neuroprotection between FGF21 and vildagliptin in the obese-insulin resistant condition has never been investigated. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two groups, and received either a normal diet (ND, n=6) or a high fat diet (HFD, n=18) for 16 weeks. At week 13, the HFD-fed rats were divided into three subgroups (n=6/subgroup) to receive either a vehicle, recombinant human FGF21 (0.1mg/kg/day) or vildagliptin (3mg/kg/day), for four weeks. ND-fed rats were given a vehicle for four weeks. The metabolic parameters and brain function were subsequently investigated. The results demonstrated that the rats fed on HFD had obese-insulin resistance, increased systemic inflammation, brain mitochondrial dysfunction, increased brain apoptosis, impaired hippocampal plasticity, and demonstrated cognitive decline. FGF21 and vildagliptin effectively attenuated peripheral insulin resistance, brain mitochondrial dysfunction, brain apoptosis and cognitive decline. However, only FGF21 treatment led to significantly reduced body weight gain, visceral fat, systemic inflammation, improved hippocampal synaptic plasticity, enhanced FGF21 mediated signaling in the brain leading to prevention of early cognitive decline. These findings suggest that FGF21 exerts greater efficacy than vildagliptin in restoring metabolic function as well as brain function in cases of obese-insulin resistant rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piangkwan Sa-Nguanmoo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pongpan Tanajak
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Jaiwongkam
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xu HB, Chen QE, Chen CJ. Relationship between plasma FGF21 level and insulin resistance in patients with alcoholic fatty liver and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:2650-2653. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i29.2650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between plasma levels of basic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and insulin resistance in patients with alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS Forty-seven patients with simple AFL (group A), 41 with AFL with T2DM (group B), and 40 healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled in this study. Body mass index (BMI), blood lipid, blood glucose, plasma FGF21 level and insulin resistance parameters were compared among the three groups.
RESULTS BMI and levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and free fatty acids (FFAs) in groups A and B were significantly different from those in the control group (P < 0.05), although there was no statistical significance between groups A and B (P > 0.05). The levels of plasma FGF21, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in groups A and B were significantly different from those in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was also a significant difference between groups A and B (P < 0.05). Plasma FGF21 was positively correlated with BMI, TG, FFA and HOMA-IR (r = 0.512, 0.843, 0.511, and 0.437, respectively; P < 0.05), and was negatively correlated with HDL and ISI (r = -363 and -418 respectively; P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Plasma FGF21 levels in patients with AFL with T2DM are higher than those in patients with AFL alone, and there is a certain relationship between FGF21 levels and insulin resistance, suggesting that FGF21 may be involved in the occurrence and development of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yongkang Hospital, Yongkang 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiao-En Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yongkang Hospital, Yongkang 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cheng-Jia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yongkang Hospital, Yongkang 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Salminen A, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Regulation of longevity by FGF21: Interaction between energy metabolism and stress responses. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 37:79-93. [PMID: 28552719 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone-like member of FGF family which controls metabolic multiorgan crosstalk enhancing energy expenditure through glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, FGF21 acts as a stress hormone induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress and dysfunctions of mitochondria and autophagy in several tissues. FGF21 also controls stress responses and metabolism by modulating the functions of somatotropic axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) pathway. FGF21 is a potent longevity factor coordinating interactions between energy metabolism and stress responses. Recent studies have revealed that FGF21 treatment can alleviate many age-related metabolic disorders, e.g. atherosclerosis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and some cardiovascular diseases. In addition, transgenic mice overexpressing FGF21 have an extended lifespan. However, chronic metabolic and stress-related disorders involving inflammatory responses can provoke FGF21 resistance and thus disturb healthy aging process. First, we will describe the role of FGF21 in interorgan energy metabolism and explain how its functions as a stress hormone can improve healthspan. Next, we will examine both the induction of FGF21 expression via the integrated stress response and the molecular mechanism through which FGF21 enhances healthy aging. Finally, we postulate that FGF21 resistance, similarly to insulin resistance, jeopardizes human healthspan and accelerates the aging process.
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are mitogenic signal mediators that induce cell proliferation and survival. Although cardiac myocytes are post-mitotic, they have been shown to be able to respond to local and circulating FGFs. While precise molecular mechanisms are not well characterized, some FGF family members have been shown to induce cardiac remodeling under physiologic conditions by mediating hypertrophic growth in cardiac myocytes and by promoting angiogenesis, both events leading to increased cardiac function and output. This FGF-mediated physiologic scenario might transition into a pathologic situation involving cardiac cell death, fibrosis and inflammation, and eventually cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. As discussed here, cardiac actions of FGFs - with the majority of studies focusing on FGF2, FGF21 and FGF23 - and their specific FGF receptors (FGFR) and precise target cell types within the heart, are currently under experimental investigation. Especially cardiac effects of endocrine FGFs entered center stage over the past five years, as they might provide communication routes that couple metabolic mechanisms, such as bone-regulated phosphate homeostasis, or metabolic stress, such as hyperphosphatemia associated with kidney injury, with changes in cardiac structure and function. In this context, it has been shown that elevated serum FGF23 can directly tackle cardiac myocytes via FGFR4 thereby contributing to cardiac hypertrophy in models of chronic kidney disease, also called uremic cardiomyopathy. Precise characterization of FGFs and their origin and regulation of expression, and even more importantly, the identification of the FGFR isoforms that mediate their cardiac actions should help to develop novel pharmacological interventions for heart failure, such as FGFR4 inhibition to tackle uremic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Faul
- Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tunapong W, Apaijai N, Yasom S, Tanajak P, Wanchai K, Chunchai T, Kerdphoo S, Eaimworawuthikul S, Thiennimitr P, Pongchaidecha A, Lungkaphin A, Pratchayasakul W, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:2091-2104. [PMID: 28608320 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1482-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation. However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance. METHODS Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks. Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined. RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]. Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics attenuated insulin resistance by improving insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles. All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats. CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wannipa Tunapong
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sakawdaurn Yasom
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pongpan Tanajak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Keerati Wanchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sathima Eaimworawuthikul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Parameth Thiennimitr
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Pongchaidecha
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tanajak P. Letter to the Editor: Parameters, Characteristics, and Criteria for Defining the Term "FGF21 Resistance". Endocrinology 2017; 158:1523-1524. [PMID: 28881912 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pongpan Tanajak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wongjaikam S, Kumfu S, Khamseekaew J, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Restoring the impaired cardiac calcium homeostasis and cardiac function in iron overload rats by the combined deferiprone and N-acetyl cysteine. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44460. [PMID: 28287621 PMCID: PMC5347387 DOI: 10.1038/srep44460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i dysregulation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of iron overload cardiomyopathy. Although either iron chelators or antioxidants provide cardioprotection, a comparison of the efficacy of deferoxamine (DFO), deferiprone (DFP), deferasirox (DFX), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or a combination of DFP plus NAC on cardiac [Ca2+]i homeostasis in chronic iron overload has never been investigated. Male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal diet or a high iron (HFe) diet for 4 months. At 2 months, HFe rats were divided into 6 groups and treated with either a vehicle, DFO (25 mg/kg/day), DFP (75 mg/kg/day), DFX (20 mg/kg/day), NAC (100 mg/kg/day), or combined DFP plus NAC. At 4 months, the number of cardiac T-type calcium channels was increased, whereas cardiac sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) was decreased, leading to cardiac iron overload and impaired cardiac [Ca2+]i homeostasis. All pharmacological interventions restored SERCA levels. Although DFO, DFP, DFX or NAC alone shared similar efficacy in improving cardiac [Ca2+]i homeostasis, only DFP + NAC restored cardiac [Ca2+]i homeostasis, leading to restoring left ventricular function in the HFe-fed rats. Thus, the combined DFP + NAC was more effective than any monotherapy in restoring cardiac [Ca2+]i homeostasis, leading to restored myocardial contractility in iron-overloaded rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suwakon Wongjaikam
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Kumfu
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Juthamas Khamseekaew
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Persson PB, Persson AB. Vitamin supplementation. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:537-539. [PMID: 28103422 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P B Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A B Persson
- Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Khamseekaew J, Kumfu S, Wongjaikam S, Kerdphoo S, Jaiwongkam T, Srichairatanakool S, Fucharoen S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Effects of iron overload, an iron chelator and a T-Type calcium channel blocker on cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics in thalassemic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 799:118-127. [PMID: 28192097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Although cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of iron-overload cardiomyopathy, the precise mechanisms of iron-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and the roles of the iron chelator deferiprone and the T-type calcium channel blocker efonidipine on cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis in thalassemic mice are still unknown. β-thalassemic (HT) mice were fed with a normal diet (ND) or a high iron-diet (FE) for 90 days. Then, the FE-fed mice were treated with deferiprone (75mg/kg/day) or efonidipine (4mg/kg/day) for 30 days. The hearts were used to determine cardiac mitochondrial function, biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics and protein expressions for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and apoptosis. ND-fed HT mice had impaired heart rate variability (HRV), increased mitochondrial dynamic proteins and caspase-3, compared with ND-fed wild-type mice. Iron overload led to increased plasma non-transferrin bound iron, oxidative stress, and the impairments of HRV and left ventricular function, cardiac mitochondrial function and mitochondrial dynamics, and decreased complex IV in thalassemic mice. Our results suggested that deferiprone and efonidipine treatment showed similar benefit in attenuating cardiac iron deposit and oxidative stress, and improved cardiac mitochondrial function, leading to improved left ventricular function, without altering the cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis, and apoptosis proteins in iron-overload thalassemic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juthamas Khamseekaew
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Kumfu
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suwakon Wongjaikam
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasiwan Kerdphoo
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Jaiwongkam
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tanajak P, Pintana H, Siri-Angkul N, Khamseekaew J, Apaijai N, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Vildagliptin and caloric restriction for cardioprotection in pre-diabetic rats. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:189-204. [PMID: 27875248 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) consumption causes cardiac dysfunction. Although calorie restriction (CR) has been shown to be useful in obesity, we hypothesized that combined CR with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor provides greater efficacy than monotherapy in attenuating cardiac dysfunction and metabolic impairment in HFD-induced obese-insulin resistant rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups to be fed on either a normal diet (ND, n = 6) or a HFD (n = 24) for 12 weeks. Then, HFD rats were divided into 4 subgroups (n = 6/subgroup) to receive just the vehicle, CR diet (60% of mean energy intake and changed to ND), vildagliptin (3 mg/kg/day) or combined CR and vildagliptin for 4 weeks. Metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac mitochondrial function, left ventricular (LV) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 signaling pathway were determined. Rats on a HFD developed insulin and FGF21 resistance, oxidative stress, cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired LV function. Rats on CR alone showed both decreased body weight and visceral fat accumulation, whereas vildagliptin did not alter these parameters. Rats in CR, vildagliptin and CR plus vildagliptin subgroups had improved insulin sensitivity and oxidative stress. However, vildagliptin improved heart rate variability (HRV), cardiac mitochondrial function and LV function better than the CR. Chronic HFD consumption leads to obese-insulin resistance and FGF21 resistance. Although CR is effective in improving metabolic regulation, vildagliptin provides greater efficacy in preventing cardiac dysfunction by improving anti-apoptosis and FGF21 signaling pathways and attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in obese-insulin-resistant rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pongpan Tanajak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hiranya Pintana
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Natthaphat Siri-Angkul
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Juthamas Khamseekaew
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic SciencesFaculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training CenterFaculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology UnitDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology ResearchChiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|