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Lazea C, Vulturar R, Chiș A, Encica S, Horvat M, Belizna C, Damian LO. Macrocephaly and Finger Changes: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5567. [PMID: 38791606 PMCID: PMC11122644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrocephaly, characterized by an abnormally large head circumference, often co-occurs with distinctive finger changes, presenting a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. This review aims to provide a current synthetic overview of the main acquired and genetic etiologies associated with macrocephaly and finger changes. The genetic cause encompasses several categories of diseases, including bone marrow expansion disorders, skeletal dysplasias, ciliopathies, inherited metabolic diseases, RASopathies, and overgrowth syndromes. Furthermore, autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases are also explored for their potential involvement in macrocephaly and finger changes. The intricate genetic mechanisms involved in the formation of cranial bones and extremities are multifaceted. An excess in growth may stem from disruptions in the intricate interplays among the genetic, epigenetic, and hormonal factors that regulate human growth. Understanding the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms is important for elucidating the developmental pathways and biological processes that contribute to the observed clinical phenotypes. The review provides a practical approach to delineate causes of macrocephaly and finger changes, facilitate differential diagnosis and guide for the appropriate etiological framework. Early recognition contributes to timely intervention and improved outcomes for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Lazea
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- 1st Pediatrics Clinic, Emergency Pediatric Clinical Hospital, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romana Vulturar
- Department of Molecular Sciences, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, University Babes-Bolyai, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Association for Innovation in Rare Inflammatory, Metabolic, Genetic Diseases INNOROG, 30E, Făgetului St., 400497 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adina Chiș
- Department of Molecular Sciences, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, University Babes-Bolyai, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Association for Innovation in Rare Inflammatory, Metabolic, Genetic Diseases INNOROG, 30E, Făgetului St., 400497 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Svetlana Encica
- Department of Pathology, “Niculae Stancioiu” Heart Institute Cluj-Napoca, 19-21 Calea Moților St., 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Melinda Horvat
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, The Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristina Belizna
- UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, University of Angers, 49100 Angers, France;
- Internal Medicine Department Clinique de l’Anjou, Vascular and Coagulation Department, University Hospital Angers, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Laura-Otilia Damian
- Association for Innovation in Rare Inflammatory, Metabolic, Genetic Diseases INNOROG, 30E, Făgetului St., 400497 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rare Musculoskeletal Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- CMI Reumatologie Dr. Damian, 400002 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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2
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Greatbatch CJ, Lu Q, Hung S, Barnett AJ, Wing K, Liang H, Han X, Zhou T, Siggs OM, Mackey DA, Cook AL, Senabouth A, Liu GS, Craig JE, MacGregor S, Powell JE, Hewitt AW. High throughput functional profiling of genes at intraocular pressure loci reveals distinct networks for glaucoma. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:739-751. [PMID: 38272457 PMCID: PMC11031357 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of blindness globally. Characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell degeneration, the precise pathogenesis remains unknown. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered many genetic variants associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), one of the key risk factors for POAG. We aimed to identify genetic and morphological variation that can be attributed to trabecular meshwork cell (TMC) dysfunction and raised IOP in POAG. METHODS 62 genes across 55 loci were knocked-out in a primary human TMC line. Each knockout group, including five non-targeting control groups, underwent single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) for differentially-expressed gene (DEG) analysis. Multiplexed fluorescence coupled with CellProfiler image analysis allowed for single-cell morphological profiling. RESULTS Many gene knockouts invoked DEGs relating to matrix metalloproteinases and interferon-induced proteins. We have prioritized genes at four loci of interest to identify gene knockouts that may contribute to the pathogenesis of POAG, including ANGPTL2, LMX1B, CAV1, and KREMEN1. Three genetic networks of gene knockouts with similar transcriptomic profiles were identified, suggesting a synergistic function in trabecular meshwork cell physiology. TEK knockout caused significant upregulation of nuclear granularity on morphological analysis, while knockout of TRIOBP, TMCO1 and PLEKHA7 increased granularity and intensity of actin and the cell-membrane. CONCLUSION High-throughput analysis of cellular structure and function through multiplex fluorescent single-cell analysis and scRNA-seq assays enabled the direct study of genetic perturbations at the single-cell resolution. This work provides a framework for investigating the role of genes in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and heterogenous diseases with a strong genetic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Greatbatch
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Qinyi Lu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Sandy Hung
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 32 Gisborne St, East Melbourne 3002, Australia
| | - Alexander J Barnett
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Kristof Wing
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Helena Liang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 32 Gisborne St, East Melbourne 3002, Australia
| | - Xikun Han
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane 4006, Australia
| | - Tiger Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, 1 Flinders Dr, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Short Street, St George Hospital KOGARAH UNSW, Sydney 2217, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Vision Sciences, University of Western Australia, 2 Verdun Street Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Anthony L Cook
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Anne Senabouth
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, 1 Flinders Dr, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Rd, Herston, Brisbane 4006, Australia
| | - Joseph E Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 32 Gisborne St, East Melbourne 3002, Australia
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3
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Yoneyama M, Kato H, Fujita T. Physiological functions of RIG-I-like receptors. Immunity 2024; 57:731-751. [PMID: 38599168 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are crucial for pathogen detection and triggering immune responses and have immense physiological importance. In this review, we first summarize the interferon system and innate immunity, which constitute primary and secondary responses. Next, the molecular structure of RLRs and the mechanism of sensing non-self RNA are described. Usually, self RNA is refractory to the RLR; however, there are underlying host mechanisms that prevent immune reactions. Studies have revealed that the regulatory mechanisms of RLRs involve covalent molecular modifications, association with regulatory factors, and subcellular localization. Viruses have evolved to acquire antagonistic RLR functions to escape the host immune reactions. Finally, the pathologies caused by the malfunction of RLR signaling are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutoshi Yoneyama
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Division of Pandemic and Post-disaster Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Institute of Cardiovascular Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Takashi Fujita
- Institute of Cardiovascular Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Laboratory of Regulatory Information, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Wander A, Meena AK, Khan I, Jauhari P, Chakraborty B, Gulati S. Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome (AGS) Presenting with Psoriasis. Indian J Pediatr 2024; 91:409. [PMID: 37943465 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arvinder Wander
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Meena
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Prashant Jauhari
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sheffali Gulati
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
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5
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Abo-Samaha MI, Sharaf MM, El Nahas AF, Odemuyiwa SO. Innate immune response to double-stranded RNA in American heritage chicken breeds. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103318. [PMID: 38064884 PMCID: PMC10757028 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Backyard poultry flocks that employ heritage breeds of chicken play a crucial role in the maintenance of poultry pathogens of economic and zoonotic importance. This study examined innate immunity to viral pathogens in heritage chicken breeds using a model of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Following intraperitoneal injection of high molecular weight (HMW) -poly(I:C)/Lyovec into 4-wk-old chicks, we evaluated gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and splenocytes. There was a significant difference across breeds in the expression of IL-4, IL-12p40, IFNγ, and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) in the spleen. In PBMCs, a significant difference in IFN-α expression was seen across breeds. Approximately 57% of IFN-α transcripts in PBMCs was explained by levels of expression of MDA5 transcripts. Using flow cytometry, we showed that only monocytes/macrophages (KUL01+ cells) expressed the scavenger receptor CD163. Regression analysis showed that 42% of fold change in CD163 expression on PBMCs was explained by breed (P < 0.0004). In general, breeds that responded to HMW-poly(I:C) by showing higher upregulation of IFNγ, IL-1β, and IL-12p40 transcripts in the spleen, and higher IFNα transcripts in peripheral blood, expressed less CD163 on blood monocytes. These findings suggest a genetic basis for the response of chickens to double-stranded RNA. Surface expression of the scavenger receptor CD163 in PBMCs following injection of high molecular weight poly(I:C) may be a rapid method to select chickens for breeding based on innate immune response to viral dsRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda I Abo-Samaha
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088; Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Sharaf
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abeer F El Nahas
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Solomon O Odemuyiwa
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Bernal-Bermúdez B, Martínez-López A, Martínez-Morcillo FJ, Tyrkalska SD, Martínez-Menchón T, Mesa-del-Castillo P, Cayuela ML, Mulero V, García-Moreno D. A zebrafish model of Ifih1-driven Aicardi-Goutières syndrome reproduces the interferon signature and the exacerbated inflammation of patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294766. [PMID: 38077314 PMCID: PMC10704509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferonopathies are a heterogenic group of rare diseases associated with an increase in type I interferon (IFN). The main challenge for the study of Type I interferonopathies is the lack of a well-founded animal model to better characterize the phenotype as well as to perform fast and large drug screenings to offer the best treatment options. In this study, we report the development of a transgenic zebrafish model of Type I interferonopathy overexpressing ifih1 carrying the mutation p.Arg742His (Tg(ifih1_mut)), corresponding to the human mutation p.Arg779His. RNA sequence analysis from Tg(ifih1_mut) larvae revealed a systemic inflammation and IFN signature upon a suboptimal poly I:C induction compared with wild-type larvae, confirming the phenotype observed in patients suffering from Type I interferonopathies. More interestingly, the phenotype was manifested in the zebrafish inflammation and Type I IFN reporters nfkb:eGFP and isg15:eGFP, respectively, making this zebrafish model suitable for future high-throughput chemical screening (HTS). Using the unique advantages of the zebrafish model for gene editing, we have generated Tg(ifih1_mut) knocked down for mavs and ikbke, which completely abrogated the Poly I:C induction and activation of the GFP of the reporters. Finally, we used an FDA-approved drug, Baricitinib (Jak1/Jak2 inhibitor), which was able to reduce the inflammation and the ISG expression. Our results demonstrate the potential of this model to further understand AGS pathological mechanisms and to identify novel therapeutic drugs by HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bernal-Bermúdez
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Martínez-López
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Martínez-Morcillo
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sylwia D. Tyrkalska
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Martínez-Menchón
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Mesa-del-Castillo
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - María L. Cayuela
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana García-Moreno
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Liu A, Ying S. Aicardi-Goutières syndrome: A monogenic type I interferonopathy. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13314. [PMID: 37515439 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare monogenic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the brains of children patients. Its main clinical features include encephalatrophy, basal ganglia calcification, leukoencephalopathy, lymphocytosis and increased interferon-α (IFN-α) levels in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. AGS may be caused by mutations in any one of nine genes (TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR1, IFIH1, LSM11 and RNU7-1) that result in accumulation of self-nucleic acids in the cytoplasm or aberrant sensing of self-nucleic acids. This triggers overproduction of type I interferons (IFNs) and subsequently causes AGS, the prototype of type I interferonopathies. This review describes the discovery history of AGS with various genotypes and provides the latest knowledge of clinical manifestations and causative genes of AGS. The relationship between AGS and type I interferonopathy and potential therapeutic methods for AGS are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anran Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Songcheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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8
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Al Khatib I, Deng J, Lei Y, Torres-Odio S, Rojas GR, Newman LE, Chung BK, Symes A, Zhang H, Huang SYN, Pommier Y, Khan A, Shadel GS, West AP, Gibson WT, Shutt TE. Activation of the cGAS-STING innate immune response in cells with deficient mitochondrial topoisomerase TOP1MT. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2422-2440. [PMID: 37129502 PMCID: PMC10360396 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition that cytosolic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) activates cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) innate immune signaling has unlocked novel disease mechanisms. Here, an uncharacterized variant predicted to affect TOP1MT function, P193L, was discovered in a family with multiple early onset autoimmune diseases, including Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Although there was no previous genetic association between TOP1MT and autoimmune disease, the role of TOP1MT as a regulator of mtDNA led us to investigate whether TOP1MT could mediate the release of mtDNA to the cytosol, where it could then activate the cGAS-STING innate immune pathway known to be activated in SLE and other autoimmune diseases. Through analysis of cells with reduced TOP1MT expression, we show that loss of TOP1MT results in release of mtDNA to the cytosol, which activates the cGAS-STING pathway. We also characterized the P193L variant for its ability to rescue several TOP1MT functions when expressed in TOP1MT knockout cells. We show that the P193L variant is not fully functional, as its re-expression at high levels was unable to rescue mitochondrial respiration deficits, and only showed partial rescue for other functions, including repletion of mtDNA replication following depletion, nucleoid size, steady state mtDNA transcripts levels and mitochondrial morphology. Additionally, expression of P193L at endogenous levels was unable to rescue mtDNA release-mediated cGAS-STING signaling. Overall, we report a link between TOP1MT and mtDNA release leading to cGAS-STING activation. Moreover, we show that the P193L variant has partial loss of function that may contribute to autoimmune disease susceptibility via cGAS-STING mediated activation of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al Khatib
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jingti Deng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Yuanjiu Lei
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Sylvia Torres-Odio
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Gladys R Rojas
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura E Newman
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian K Chung
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew Symes
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shar-yin N Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aneal Khan
- Discovery DNA, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
- M.A.G.I.C. Clinic Ltd. (Metabolics and Genetics in Calgary)
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta T2M OL6, Canada
| | - Gerald S Shadel
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Phillip West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Timothy E Shutt
- Departments of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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9
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Zheng J, Shi W, Yang Z, Chen J, Qi A, Yang Y, Deng Y, Yang D, Song N, Song B, Luo D. RIG-I-like receptors: Molecular mechanism of activation and signaling. Adv Immunol 2023; 158:1-74. [PMID: 37453753 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
During RNA viral infection, RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) recognize the intracellular pathogenic RNA species derived from viral replication and activate antiviral innate immune response by stimulating type 1 interferon expression. Three RLR members, namely, RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2 are homologous and belong to a subgroup of superfamily 2 Helicase/ATPase that is preferably activated by double-stranded RNA. RLRs are significantly different in gene architecture, RNA ligand preference, activation, and molecular functions. As switchable macromolecular sensors, RLRs' activities are tightly regulated by RNA ligands, ATP, posttranslational modifications, and cellular cofactors. We provide a comprehensive review of the structure and function of the RLRs and summarize the molecular understanding of sensing and signaling events during the RLR activation process. The key roles RLR signaling play in both anti-infection and immune disease conditions highlight the therapeutic potential in targeting this important molecular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenjia Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqun Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyuan Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Song
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Song
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dahai Luo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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10
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Patrick MT, Li Q, Wasikowski R, Mehta N, Gudjonsson JE, Elder JT, Zhou X, Tsoi LC. Shared genetic risk factors and causal association between psoriasis and coronary artery disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6565. [PMID: 36323703 PMCID: PMC9630428 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and coronary artery disease (CAD) are related comorbidities that are well established, but whether a genetic basis underlies this is not well studied. We apply trans-disease meta-analysis to 11,024 psoriasis and 60,801 CAD cases, along with their associated controls, identifying one opposing and three shared genetic loci, which are confirmed through colocalization analysis. Combining results from Bayesian credible interval analysis with independent information from genomic, epigenomic, and spatial chromatin organization, we prioritize genes (including IFIH1 and IL23A) that have implications for common molecular mechanisms involved in psoriasis and CAD inflammatory signaling. Chronic systemic inflammation has been associated with CAD and myocardial infarction, and Mendelian randomization analysis finds that CAD as an exposure can have a significant causal effect on psoriasis (OR = 1.11; p = 3×10-6) following adjustment for BMI and waist-hip ratio. Together, these findings suggest that systemic inflammation which causes CAD can increase the risk of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Patrick
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Qinmengge Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Rachael Wasikowski
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Nehal Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Michigan, MD, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Michigan, MI, USA.
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11
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Riou MC, de La Dure-Molla M, Kerner S, Rondeau S, Legendre A, Cormier-Daire V, Fournier BPJ. Oral Phenotype of Singleton-Merten Syndrome: A Systematic Review Illustrated With a Case Report. Front Genet 2022; 13:875490. [PMID: 35754802 PMCID: PMC9218817 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.875490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Singleton-Merten syndrome type 1 (SGMRT1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by IFIH1 variations with blood vessel calcifications, teeth anomalies, and bone defects. Aim: We aimed to summarize the oral findings in SGMRT1 through a systematic review of the literature and to describe the phenotype of a 10-year-old patient with SGMRT1 diagnosis. Results: A total of 20 patients were described in the literature, in nine articles. Eight IFIH1 mutations were described in 11 families. Delayed eruption, short roots, and premature loss of permanent teeth were the most described features (100%). Impacted teeth (89%) and carious lesions (67%) were also described. Our patient, a 10-year-old male with Singleton-Merten syndrome, presented numerous carious lesions, severe teeth malposition, especially in the anterior arch, and an oral hygiene deficiency with a 100% plaque index. The panoramic X-ray did not show any dental agenesis but revealed very short roots and a decrease in the jaw alveolar bone height. The whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed a heterozygous de novo variant in IFIH1 (NM_022168.4) c.2465G > A (p.Arg822Gln). Conclusion: Confused descriptions of oral features occurred in the literature between congenital findings and "acquired" pathology, especially carious lesions. The dental phenotype of these patients encompasses eruption anomalies (delayed eruption and impacted teeth) and lack of root edification, leading to premature loss of permanent teeth, and it may contribute to the diagnosis. An early diagnosis is essential to prevent teeth loss and to improve the quality of life of these patients. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42022300025].
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Charlotte Riou
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Dental Department, Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, AP-HP, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France.,Dental Faculty, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- Dental Department, Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, AP-HP, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France.,Dental Faculty, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM U1163 Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Kerner
- Dental Department, Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, AP-HP, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France.,Dental Faculty, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Rondeau
- Department of Genetics, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Legendre
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multisites Seqoia-FMG2025, Paris, France
| | | | - Benjamin P J Fournier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université de Paris, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Dental Department, Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, AP-HP, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France.,Dental Faculty, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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12
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Alzahrani YM, Alamoudi AA, Nahar NK, Albar RF. Early-Age Manifestation of Singleton Merten Syndrome With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Features: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e25244. [PMID: 35755559 PMCID: PMC9217668 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Singleton Merten syndrome (SMS) is one of the rarest multisystem genetic disorders that had been recognized in only a few cases. Patients who have this syndrome often present with calcification of the aorta and heart valves, dental dysplasia, joint calcification, distinct facial features, and growth and developmental delay. Other physical findings usually associated with SMS may include glaucoma, skeletal abnormalities including tendon rupture, muscle weakness, and arthropathy. In individuals with SMS, autoimmune diseases like psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can occur. In this case, we report a pre-term baby girl that developed congenital aortic calcification, renal hypertension, dental anomalies, multiple joint calcifications, atypical facial features, mild mental retardation, and developmental delay. At 17 years, the patient developed SLE based on positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) with clinical and immunological features like fever, malar rash, pericardial effusion, proteinuria, high ANA concentration, high anti-double-stranded DNA, low C4 complement, and presence of anti-Smith antibodies.
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13
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Broser P, von Mengershausen U, Heldt K, Bartholdi D, Braun D, Wolf C, Lee-Kirsch MA. Precision treatment of Singleton Merten syndrome with ruxolitinib: a case report. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:24. [PMID: 35410415 PMCID: PMC8995680 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00686-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Singleton-Merten syndrome 1 (SGMRT1) is a rare type I interferonopathy caused by heterozygous mutations in the IFIH1 gene. IFIH1 encodes the pattern recognition receptor MDA5 which senses viral dsRNA and activates antiviral type I interferon (IFN) signaling. In SGMRT1, IFIH1 mutations confer a gain-of-function which causes overactivation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling leading to autoinflammation. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a nine year old child who initially presented with a slowly progressive decline of gross motor skill development and muscular weakness. At the age of five years, he developed osteoporosis, acro-osteolysis, alveolar bone loss and severe psoriasis. Whole exome sequencing revealed a pathogenic de novo IFIH1 mutation, confirming the diagnosis of SGMRT1. Consistent with constitutive type I interferon activation, patient blood cells exhibited a strong IFN signature as shown by marked up-regulation of IFN-stimulated genes. The patient was started on the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, ruxolitinib, which inhibits signaling at the IFN-α/β receptor. Within days of treatment, psoriatic skin lesions resolved completely and the IFN signature normalized. Therapeutic efficacy was sustained and over the course muscular weakness, osteopenia and growth also improved. CONCLUSIONS JAK inhibition represents a valuable therapeutic option for patients with SGMRT1. Our findings also highlight the potential of a patient-tailored therapeutic approach based on pathogenetic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Broser
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, Sankt Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Ursula von Mengershausen
- grid.414079.f0000 0004 0568 6320Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, Sankt Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Heldt
- grid.414079.f0000 0004 0568 6320Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, Sankt Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Bartholdi
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Braun
- grid.411656.10000 0004 0479 0855Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christine Wolf
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Min Ae Lee-Kirsch
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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14
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Ohto T, Tayeh AA, Nishikomori R, Abe H, Hashimoto K, Baba S, Arias-Loza AP, Soda N, Satoh S, Matsuda M, Iizuka Y, Kondo T, Koseki H, Yan N, Higuchi T, Fujita T, Kato H. Intracellular virus sensor MDA5 mutation develops autoimmune myocarditis and nephritis. J Autoimmun 2022; 127:102794. [PMID: 35168003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in IFIH1 gene encoding viral RNA sensor MDA5 have been reported responsible for many interferonopathies, including Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) and monogenic lupus, however, the pathological link between IFIH1 mutations and various autoimmune symptoms remains unclear. Here, we generated transgenic mice expressing human MDA5 R779H mutant (R779H Tg), reported in AGS and monogenic lupus patient. Mice spontaneously developed myocarditis and nephritis with upregulation of type I IFNs in the major organs. R779H Tg Mavs-/- and R779H Tg Ifnar-/- showed no phenotypes, indicating direct MDA5-signaling pathway involvement. Rag-2 deficiency and bone marrow cells transfer from wild type to adult mice did not prevent myocarditis development, while mice with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of hMDA5 R779H showed cardiomegaly and high expression of inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, our study clarifies that type I IFNs production and chemokines from cardiomyocytes starts in neonatal period and is critical for the development of myocarditis. Activated lymphocytes and auto-antibodies exacerbate the pathogenesis but are dispensable for the onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Ohto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ahmed Abu Tayeh
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Ryuta Nishikomori
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiroto Abe
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kyota Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Shiro Baba
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anahi-Paula Arias-Loza
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Parmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Soda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Saya Satoh
- Institute of Cardiovascular Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Masashi Matsuda
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iizuka
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Koseki
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Takahiro Higuchi
- Molecular Imaging of the Heart, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC) and Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany; Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Parmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujita
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Japan; Institute of Cardiovascular Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Japan; Institute of Cardiovascular Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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15
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Cao X, Cordova AF, Li L. Therapeutic Interventions Targeting Innate Immune Receptors: A Balancing Act. Chem Rev 2021; 122:3414-3458. [PMID: 34870969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system is an organism's first line of defense against an onslaught of internal and external threats. The downstream adaptive immune system has been a popular target for therapeutic intervention, while there is a relative paucity of therapeutics targeting the innate immune system. However, the innate immune system plays a critical role in many human diseases, such as microbial infection, cancer, and autoimmunity, highlighting the need for ongoing therapeutic research. In this review, we discuss the major innate immune pathways and detail the molecular strategies underpinning successful therapeutics targeting each pathway as well as previous and ongoing efforts. We will also discuss any recent discoveries that could inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies. As our understanding of the innate immune system continues to develop, we envision that therapies harnessing the power of the innate immune system will become the mainstay of treatment for a wide variety of human diseases.
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16
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Identification of discriminative gene-level and protein-level features associated with pathogenic gain-of-function and loss-of-function variants. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:2301-2318. [PMID: 34762822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying whether a given genetic mutation results in a gene product with increased (gain-of-function; GOF) or diminished (loss-of-function; LOF) activity is an important step toward understanding disease mechanisms because they may result in markedly different clinical phenotypes. Here, we generated an extensive database of documented germline GOF and LOF pathogenic variants by employing natural language processing (NLP) on the available abstracts in the Human Gene Mutation Database. We then investigated various gene- and protein-level features of GOF and LOF variants and applied machine learning and statistical analyses to identify discriminative features. We found that GOF variants were enriched in essential genes, for autosomal-dominant inheritance, and in protein binding and interaction domains, whereas LOF variants were enriched in singleton genes, for protein-truncating variants, and in protein core regions. We developed a user-friendly web-based interface that enables the extraction of selected subsets from the GOF/LOF database by a broad set of annotated features and downloading of up-to-date versions. These results improve our understanding of how variants affect gene/protein function and may ultimately guide future treatment options.
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17
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Chen YG, Hur S. Cellular origins of dsRNA, their recognition and consequences. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 23:286-301. [PMID: 34815573 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is associated with most viral infections - it either constitutes the viral genome (in the case of dsRNA viruses) or is generated in host cells during viral replication. Hence, nearly all organisms have the capability of recognizing dsRNA and mounting a response, the primary aim of which is to mitigate the potential infection. In vertebrates, a set of innate immune receptors for dsRNA induce a multitude of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic immune responses upon dsRNA recognition. Notably, recent studies showed that vertebrate cells can accumulate self-derived dsRNAs or dsRNA-like species upon dysregulation of several cellular processes, activating the very same immune pathways as in infected cells. On the one hand, such aberrant immune activation in the absence of infection can lead to pathogenesis of immune disorders, such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. On the other hand, the same innate immune reaction can be induced in a controlled setting for a therapeutic benefit, as occurs in immunotherapies. In this Review, we describe mechanisms by which immunostimulatory dsRNAs are generated in mammalian cells, either by viruses or by the host cells, and how cells respond to them, with the focus on recent developments regarding the role of cellular dsRNAs in immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Grace Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Sun Hur
- Harvard Medical School & Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Hasegawa K, Tanaka H, Futagawa N, Miyahara H, Higuchi Y, Tsukahara H. A novel pathogenic variant p.Asp797Val in IFIH1 in a Japanese boy with overlapping Singleton-Merten syndrome and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:249-252. [PMID: 34453469 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic-activating variants of interferon induced with Helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1) cause Singleton-Merten (S-M) syndrome, which accompanies acro-osteolysis, loss of permanent teeth, and aortic calcification, as well as causing Aicardi-Goutières (A-G) syndrome, which shows progressive encephalopathy, spastic paraplegia, and calcification of basal ganglia. Recently, patients with overlapping syndromes presenting with features of S-M syndrome and A-G syndrome were reported. However, progression of clinical features of this condition has not been fully understood. We report a Japanese boy with a novel pathogenic IFIH1 variant who presented with clinical features of S-M syndrome and A-G syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosei Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Natsuko Futagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yousuke Higuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsukahara
- Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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19
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Assaf E, Bdeir M, Mohs E, Dally FJ, Gravius S, Weis CA, Darwich A. Singleton-Merten syndrome: A rare cause of femoral head necrosis. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3170-3175. [PMID: 34189824 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Singleton-Merten syndrome (SMS) is a type I interferonopathy. In this report, we disclose the first-to the best of our knowledge-direct association of SMS with femoral head necrosis (FHN). The following case report presents the condition of a 38-year-old male suffering from SMS with FHN, characterized by acute symptoms and rapid disease progression. As per the recommendations of the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) and the S3-guidelines, we successfully treated the FHN with core decompression. Our histological results correlate with the changes described in medical literature in patients with SMS and MDA5-knockout in vivo experiments such as osteopenia, widened medullary cavity, and thin cortical bone. Moreover, the conducted immunohistochemistry shows strong CD56 positivity of the osteoblasts and osteocytes, as well as significant CD68 and CD163 positivity of the middle-sized osteoclasts. Collectively, these findings suggest an underlying syndrome in the FHN. A six-month post-operative follow-up revealed complete recovery with the absence of the initial symptoms and ability to resume normal daily activities. Taken together, our findings suggest that SMS is an additional cause of FHN in young adults. Early detection and adequate treatment using well-established joint-preserving techniques demonstrate a favorable improvement of the patient's clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio Assaf
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mohamad Bdeir
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Mohs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Franz-Joseph Dally
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sascha Gravius
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cleo-Aron Weis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ali Darwich
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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20
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Lu M, Zhu K, Zheng Q, Ma X, Zou L. Severe diarrhea in a 10-year-old girl with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome due to IFIH1 gene mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3146-3152. [PMID: 34189822 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1) is a cytosolic sensor of dsRNA that induces an anti-viral Type I interferon (IFN) state. A gain-of-function mutation in IFIH1 can cause increased Type I IFN activity and is clinically associated with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS). AGS is a multisystem disease, characterized as an early-onset progressive encephalopathy with basal ganglia calcification and systemic lupus erythematosus-like features. Gastrointestinal manifestation is rare in AGS patients. We described a 10-year-old female patient with a heterozygous IFIH1 gene mutation who presented with gastrointestinal colitis, cystitis and very severe diarrhea as initial major manifestations of AGS. Proteinuria with high titer of antinuclear antibody and anti-double-stranded DNA was found in this patient. She also had growth retardation and a history of seizures (about two episodes each year) but without attacks until 7 years old. Serum cytokines detected by flow cytometry indicated extremely high level of interleukin 6 (1970.1 pg/ml) and IFN-α (204.1 pg/ml). A contrast-enhanced CT scan of the whole abdomen and an intestinal hydro-MRI indicated that the walls of her stomach, small bowel, colon, and bladder were in various degrees of edema and thickened states. Whole exome sequencing analysis indicated that she harbors an IFIH1 heterozygous mutation (c.2336G > A (p.R779H)) in both blood and intestinal samples. Abundant inflammatory cells infiltration into the intestinal epithelium was observed by immunohistochemical staining. Positive staining of caspase 4 and caspase 5 suggested that the signaling pathway of pyroptosis was involved in the mechanism of intestinal inflammation in AGS. Diarrhea was significantly improved after steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin treatments. Gastrointestinal colitis and cystitis can be rare manifestations of AGS with IFIH1 mutation. Caspase and its related inflammasome pathway may involve in the pathogenesis of AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiping Lu
- Department of Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Zou
- Department of Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Serpen JY, Armenti ST, Prasov L. Immunogenetics of the Ocular Anterior Segment: Lessons from Inherited Disorders. J Ophthalmol 2021; 2021:6691291. [PMID: 34258050 PMCID: PMC8257379 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6691291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases cause morbidity in multiple organ systems including the ocular anterior segment. Genetic disorders of the innate and adaptive immune system present an avenue to study more common inflammatory disorders and host-pathogen interactions. Many of these Mendelian disorders have ophthalmic manifestations. In this review, we highlight the ophthalmic and molecular features of disorders of the innate immune system. A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases spanning 1973-2020 with a focus on three specific categories of genetic disorders: RIG-I-like receptors and downstream signaling, inflammasomes, and RNA processing disorders. Tissue expression, clinical associations, and animal and functional studies were reviewed for each of these genes. These genes have broad roles in cellular physiology and may be implicated in more common conditions with interferon upregulation including systemic lupus erythematosus and type 1 diabetes. This review contributes to our understanding of rare inherited conditions with ocular involvement and has implications for further characterizing the effect of perturbations in integral molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Y. Serpen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Stephen T. Armenti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Lev Prasov
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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22
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Xiao W, Feng J, Long H, Xiao B, Luo ZH. Case Report: Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome and Singleton-Merten Syndrome Caused by a Gain-of-Function Mutation in IFIH1. Front Genet 2021; 12:660953. [PMID: 34054923 PMCID: PMC8155672 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.660953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The IFIH1 gene encodes melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and has been associated with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), Singleton-Merten syndrome (SMS), and other autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms responsible for how a functional change in a single gene can cause so many different phenotypes remain unknown. Moreover, there is significant controversy as to whether these distinct phenotypes represent the same disease continuum or mutation-specific disorders. Here, we describe the case of a patient with a novel c.1465G > T (p.Ala489Ser) mutation in the IFIH1 gene. The patient presented with spastic paraplegia, dystonia, psychomotor retardation, joint deformities, intracranial calcification, abnormal dentition, characteristic facial features, lymphadenopathy, and autoimmunity. His phenotype appeared to represent an overlap of the phenotypes for AGS and SMS. The patient also experienced unexplained pancytopenia, suggesting that the hemic system may have been affected by a gain-of-function mutation in the IFIH1 gene. In summary, we provide further evidence that SMS and AGS exhibit the same disease spectrum following a gain-of-function mutation in the IFIH1 gene. Our data highlight the genetic heterogeneity of these conditions and expand our knowledge of differential phenotypes created by IFIH1 gain-of-function mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyu Long
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaohui H Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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23
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Okude H, Ori D, Kawai T. Signaling Through Nucleic Acid Sensors and Their Roles in Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 11:625833. [PMID: 33633744 PMCID: PMC7902034 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.625833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of pathogen-derived nucleic acids by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) is essential for eliciting antiviral immune responses by inducing the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. Such responses are a prerequisite for mounting innate and pathogen-specific adaptive immune responses. However, host cells also use nucleic acids as carriers of genetic information, and the aberrant recognition of self-nucleic acids by PRRs is associated with the onset of autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of nucleic acid sensing by PRRs, including Toll-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors, and DNA sensor molecules, and their signaling pathways as well as the disorders caused by uncontrolled or unnecessary activation of these PRRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Okude
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ori
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Japan
| | - Taro Kawai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Japan
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24
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Bryant AJ, Pham A, Gogoi H, Mitchell CR, Pais F, Jin L. The Third Man: DNA sensing as espionage in pulmonary vascular health and disease. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:2045894021996574. [PMID: 33738095 PMCID: PMC7934053 DOI: 10.1177/2045894021996574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
For as long as nucleic acids have been utilized to vertically and horizontally transfer genetic material, living organisms have had to develop methods of recognizing cytosolic DNA as either pathogenic (microbial invasion) or physiologic (mitosis and cellular proliferation). Derangement in key signaling molecules involved in these pathways of DNA sensing result in a family of diseases labeled interferonopathies. An interferonopathy, characterized by constitutive expression of type I interferons, ultimately manifests as severe autoimmune disease at a young age. Afflicted patients present with a constellation of immune-mediated conditions, including primary lung manifestations such as pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension. The latter condition is especially interesting in light of the known role that DNA damage plays in a variety of types of inherited and induced pulmonary hypertension, with free DNA detection elevated in the circulation of affected individuals. While little is known regarding the role of cytosolic DNA sensing in development of pulmonary vascular disease, exciting new research in the related fields of immunology and oncology potentially sheds light on future areas of fruitful exploration. As such, the goal of this review is to summarize the state of the field of nucleic acid sensing, extrapolating common shared pathways that parallel our knowledge of pulmonary hypertension, in a molecular and cell-specific manner. Principles of DNA sensing related to known pulmonary injury inducing stimuli are also evaluated, in addition to potential therapeutic targets. Finally, future directions in pulmonary hypertension research and treatments will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Bryant
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ann Pham
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Himanshu Gogoi
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carly R. Mitchell
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Faye Pais
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lei Jin
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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25
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Rutsch F, Buers I, Nitschke Y. Hereditary Disorders of Cardiovascular Calcification. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 41:35-47. [PMID: 33176451 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Arterial calcification is a common phenomenon in the elderly, in patients with atherosclerosis or renal failure and in diabetes. However, when present in very young individuals, it is likely to be associated with an underlying hereditary disorder of arterial calcification. Here, we present an overview of the few monogenic disorders presenting with early-onset cardiovascular calcification. These disorders can be classified according to the function of the respective disease gene into (1) disorders caused by an altered purine and phosphate/pyrophosphate metabolism, (2) interferonopathies, and (3) Gaucher disease. The finding of arterial calcification in early life should alert the clinician and prompt further genetic work-up to define the underlying genetic defect, to establish the correct diagnosis, and to enable appropriate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Rutsch
- Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital, Germany
| | - Insa Buers
- Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital, Germany
| | - Yvonne Nitschke
- Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital, Germany
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26
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Onizawa H, Kato H, Kimura H, Kudo T, Soda N, Shimizu S, Funabiki M, Yagi Y, Nakamoto Y, Priller J, Nishikomori R, Heike T, Yan N, Tsujimura T, Mimori T, Fujita T. Aicardi-Goutières syndrome-like encephalitis in mutant mice with constitutively active MDA5. Int Immunol 2020; 33:225-240. [PMID: 33165593 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MDA5 is a cytoplasmic sensor of viral RNA, triggering type I interferon (IFN-I) production. Constitutively active MDA5 has been linked to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, Singleton-Merten syndrome (SMS) and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), a genetically determined inflammatory encephalopathy. However, AGS research is challenging due to the lack of animal models. We previously reported lupus-like nephritis and SMS-like bone abnormalities in adult mice with constitutively active MDA5 (Ifih1G821S/+), and herein demonstrate that these mice also exhibit high lethality and spontaneous encephalitis with high IFN-I production during the early postnatal period. Increases in the number of microglia were observed in MDA5/MAVS signaling- and IFN-I-dependent manners. Furthermore, microglia showed an activated state with an increased phagocytic capability and reduced expression of neurotrophic factors. Although multiple auto-antibodies including lupus-related ones were detected in the sera of the mice as well as AGS patients, Ifih1G821S/+Rag2-/- mice also exhibited up-regulation of IFN-I, astrogliosis and microgliosis, indicating that auto-antibodies or lymphocytes are not required for the development of the encephalitis. The IFN-I signature without lymphocytic infiltration observed in Ifih1G821S/+ mice is a typical feature of AGS. Collectively, our results suggest that the Ifih1G821S/+ mice are a model recapitulating AGS and that microglia are a potential target for AGS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Onizawa
- Laboratory of Regulatory Information, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Laboratory of Regulatory Information, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science.,Institue of Cardiovascular Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoo Kudo
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Soda
- Laboratory of Regulatory Information, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science
| | - Shota Shimizu
- Laboratory of Regulatory Information, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science
| | - Masahide Funabiki
- Laboratory of Regulatory Information, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Kitano Hospital, The Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yagi
- Department of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Josef Priller
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ryuta Nishikomori
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Science, Kurume, Japan
| | - Toshio Heike
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tohru Tsujimura
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tsuneyo Mimori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujita
- Laboratory of Regulatory Information, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science
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27
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van der Made CI, Hoischen A, Netea MG, van de Veerdonk FL. Primary immunodeficiencies in cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor pathways: Toward host-directed treatment strategies. Immunol Rev 2020; 297:247-272. [PMID: 32640080 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, the paradigm of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) as rare recessive familial diseases that lead to broad, severe, and early-onset immunological defects has shifted toward collectively more common, but sporadic autosomal dominantly inherited isolated defects in the immune response. Patients with PIDs constitute a formidable area of research to study the genetics and the molecular mechanisms of complex immunological pathways. A significant subset of PIDs affect the innate immune response, which is a crucial initial host defense mechanism equipped with pattern-recognition receptors. These receptors recognize pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns in both the extracellular and intracellular space. In this review, we will focus on primary immunodeficiencies caused by genetic defects in cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor pathways. We discuss these PIDs organized according to their mutational mechanisms and consequences for the innate host response. The advanced understanding of these pathways obtained by the study of PIDs creates the opportunity for the development of new host-directed treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar I van der Made
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank L van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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28
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Zheng S, Lee PY, Wang J, Wang S, Huang Q, Huang Y, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Li T. Interstitial Lung Disease and Psoriasis in a Child With Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:985. [PMID: 32508843 PMCID: PMC7251162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is characterized by progressive neurologic decline, cerebral calcification, and variable manifestations of autoimmunity. Seven subtypes of AGS have been defined and aberrant activation of the type I interferon system is a common theme among these conditions. We describe a 13-year-old boy who presented with an unusual constellation of psoriasis, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and pulmonary hypertension in addition to cerebral calcifications and glomerulonephritis. He was found to have late-onset AGS due to a gain-of-function mutation in IFIH1 and over-activation of the type I interferon pathway was confirmed by RNA sequencing. The majority of his clinical manifestations, including ILD, psoriasis and renal disease improved markedly after treatment with the combination of corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and the Janus-kinase inhibitor tofacitinib. This case extends the clinical spectrum of AGS and suggests the need for lung disease screening in patients with AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoling Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pui Y Lee
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Wang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qidang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yukai Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianwang Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Demirkaya E, Sahin S, Romano M, Zhou Q, Aksentijevich I. New Horizons in the Genetic Etiology of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus-Like Disease: Monogenic Lupus and Beyond. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E712. [PMID: 32151092 PMCID: PMC7141186 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous autoimmune disease. The etiology of lupus and the contribution of genetic, environmental, infectious and hormonal factors to this phenotype have yet to be elucidated. The most straightforward approach to unravel the molecular pathogenesis of lupus may rely on studies of patients who present with early-onset severe phenotypes. Typically, they have at least one of the following clinical features: childhood onset of severe disease (<5 years), parental consanguinity, and presence of family history for autoimmune diseases in a first-degree relative. These patients account for a small proportion of patients with lupus but they inform considerable knowledge about cellular pathways contributing to this inflammatory phenotype. In recent years with the aid of new sequencing technologies, novel or rare pathogenic variants have been reported in over 30 genes predisposing to SLE and SLE-like diseases. Future studies will likely discover many more genes with private variants associated to lupus-like phenotypes. In addition, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of common alleles (SNPs), which increase the risk of developing lupus in adult age. Discovery of a possible shared immune pathway in SLE patients, either with rare or common variants, can provide important clues to better understand this complex disorder, it's prognosis and can help guide new therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the clinical presentation, genetic diagnosis and mechanisms of disease in patents with lupus and lupus-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Demirkaya
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
| | - Sezgin Sahin
- Van Training and Research Hospital, Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, 65000 Van, Turkey;
| | - Micol Romano
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada;
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, ASST-PINI-CTO, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Qing Zhou
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou 310058, China;
| | - Ivona Aksentijevich
- Inflammatory Disease Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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30
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Rice GI, Park S, Gavazzi F, Adang LA, Ayuk LA, Van Eyck L, Seabra L, Barrea C, Battini R, Belot A, Berg S, Billette de Villemeur T, Bley AE, Blumkin L, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Briggs TA, Brimble E, Dale RC, Darin N, Debray FG, De Giorgis V, Denecke J, Doummar D, Drake Af Hagelsrum G, Eleftheriou D, Estienne M, Fazzi E, Feillet F, Galli J, Hartog N, Harvengt J, Heron B, Heron D, Kelly DA, Lev D, Levrat V, Livingston JH, Marti I, Mignot C, Mochel F, Nougues MC, Oppermann I, Pérez-Dueñas B, Popp B, Rodero MP, Rodriguez D, Saletti V, Sharpe C, Tonduti D, Vadlamani G, Van Haren K, Tomas Vila M, Vogt J, Wassmer E, Wiedemann A, Wilson CJ, Zerem A, Zweier C, Zuberi SM, Orcesi S, Vanderver AL, Hur S, Crow YJ. Genetic and phenotypic spectrum associated with IFIH1 gain-of-function. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:837-849. [PMID: 31898846 PMCID: PMC7457149 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
IFIH1 gain-of-function has been reported as a cause of a type I interferonopathy encompassing a spectrum of autoinflammatory phenotypes including Aicardi–Goutières syndrome and Singleton Merten syndrome. Ascertaining patients through a European and North American collaboration, we set out to describe the molecular, clinical and interferon status of a cohort of individuals with pathogenic heterozygous mutations in IFIH1. We identified 74 individuals from 51 families segregating a total of 27 likely pathogenic mutations in IFIH1. Ten adult individuals, 13.5% of all mutation carriers, were clinically asymptomatic (with seven of these aged over 50 years). All mutations were associated with enhanced type I interferon signaling, including six variants (22%) which were predicted as benign according to multiple in silico pathogenicity programs. The identified mutations cluster close to the ATP binding region of the protein. These data confirm variable expression and nonpenetrance as important characteristics of the IFIH1 genotype, a consistent association with enhanced type I interferon signaling, and a common mutational mechanism involving increased RNA binding affinity or decreased efficiency of ATP hydrolysis and filament disassembly rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian I Rice
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sehoon Park
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francesco Gavazzi
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura A Adang
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Loveline A Ayuk
- Paediatric Department, Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary, Cargenbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lien Van Eyck
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Luis Seabra
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Barrea
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, CHU & University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Roberta Battini
- Department Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Université de Lyon, INSERM U1111, CIRI, Lyon, France.,Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRI, Inserm, U1111, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Stefan Berg
- Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Annette E Bley
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lubov Blumkin
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Odile Boespflug-Tanguy
- Génétique Médicale, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,Service de Neuropédiatrie et des Maladies Métaboliques, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares "Leucodystrophies", Hopital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Tracy A Briggs
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elise Brimble
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Russell C Dale
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kids Neuroscience Centre, Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Niklas Darin
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Jonas Denecke
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diane Doummar
- GHUEP, département de neuropédiatrie, Centre de référence neurogénétique mouvement anormaux de l'enfant, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | | | - Despina Eleftheriou
- Paediatric Rheumatology, ARUK Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology, Institute of Child Health, University College London (UCL) Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Margherita Estienne
- U.O. Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psichiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - François Feillet
- Service de Médecine Infantile, Centre de Référence des maladies métaboliques de Nancy, CHU Brabois Enfants, Unité INSERM NGERE U1256, Nancy, France
| | - Jessica Galli
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psichiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicholas Hartog
- Department of Allergy/Immunology, Spectrum Health Helen Devos Children's Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Julie Harvengt
- Department of Medical Genetics, CHU & University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Heron
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Centre Référence des Maladies Lysosomales, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Heron
- UF Génétique Médicale et Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles", Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Diedre A Kelly
- The Liver Unit, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dorit Lev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, Wolfson Medical Center, The Rina Mor Institute of Medical Genetics, Holon, Israel
| | - Virginie Levrat
- Service de pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, Pringy, France
| | - John H Livingston
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Itxaso Marti
- Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Universidad del País Vasco UPV-EHU, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Departement de Génétique & Centre de Référence Déficience Intellectuelle de cause rare, GH Pitié-Sapêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Mochel
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | | | - Ilena Oppermann
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Belén Pérez-Dueñas
- Pediatric Neurology Research Group, Hospital Vall d'Hebron-Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernt Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mathieu P Rodero
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Diana Rodriguez
- GRC n°19, pathologies Congénitales du Cervelet-LeucoDystrophies, CRMR maladies neurogénétiques, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Groupe Hospitalier HUEP, Inserm U1141, Paris, France
| | - Veronica Saletti
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cia Sharpe
- Paediatric Neurology, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Davide Tonduti
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gayatri Vadlamani
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Van Haren
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Miguel Tomas Vila
- Neuropediatría, Hospital Universitari i Pôlitecnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julie Vogt
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Evangeline Wassmer
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Arnaud Wiedemann
- Service de Médecine Infantile, Centre de Référence des maladies métaboliques de Nancy, CHU Brabois Enfants, Unité INSERM NGERE U1256, Nancy, France
| | - Callum J Wilson
- National Metabolic Service, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ayelet Zerem
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Metabolic Neurogenetic Service, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sameer M Zuberi
- Paediatric Neurosciences Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Simona Orcesi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adeline L Vanderver
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sun Hur
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yanick J Crow
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Tonduti D, Fazzi E, Badolato R, Orcesi S. Novel and emerging treatments for Aicardi-Goutières syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:189-198. [PMID: 31855085 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2019.1707663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is the prototype of the type I interferonopathies, a new heterogeneous group of autoinflammatory disorders in which type I interferon plays a pivotal role. The disease usually manifests itself during infancy, primarily affecting the brain and the skin, and is characterized by cerebrospinal fluid chronic lymphocytosis and raised levels of interferon-alpha and by cardinal neuroradiological features: cerebral calcification, leukoencephalopathy and cerebral atrophy. Recently many aspects of the pathogenesis of AGS have been clarified, making it possible to hypothesize new therapeutic strategies.Areas covered: We here review recent data concerning pathogenesis and novel therapeutic strategies in AGS, including the use of Janus kinase inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, anti-IFN-α antibodies, anti-interleukin antibodies, antimalarial drugs and other cGAS inhibitors.Expert opinion: Thanks to the identification of the molecular basis of AGS, many aspects of its pathogenesis have been clarified, making it possible to propose new therapeutic strategies for AGS and type I interferonopathies. A number of therapeutic options are now becoming possible, even though their efficacy is still to be proven. However, in spite of research advances coming from clinical trials and case series, there are still a number of open questions, which urgently need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Tonduti
- Paediatric Neurology Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Molecular Medicine Institute "Angelo Nocivelli" and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Orcesi
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Unit of Child and Adolescent Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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32
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Marino A, Tirelli F, Giani T, Cimaz R. Periodic fever syndromes and the autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs). J Transl Autoimmun 2019; 3:100031. [PMID: 32743516 PMCID: PMC7388371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2019.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune system represents the ancestral defense against infectious agents preserved along the evolution and species; it is phylogenetically older than the adaptive immune system, which exists only in the vertebrates. Cells with phagocytic activity such as neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in innate immunity. In 1999 Kastner et al. first introduced the term “autoinflammation” describing two diseases characterized by recurrent episodes of systemic inflammation without any identifiable infectious trigger: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) and TNF Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS). Autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs) are caused by self-directed inflammation due to an alteration of innate immunity leading to systemic inflammatory attacks typically in an on/off mode. In addition to inflammasomopathies, nuclear factor (NF)-κB-mediated disorders (also known as Rhelopathies) and type 1 interferonopathies are subjects of more recent studies. This review aims to provide an overview of the field with the most recent updates (see “Most recent developments in..” paragraphs) and a description of the newly identified AIDs. Autoinflammatory diseases are caused by self-directed inflammation. Alteration of innate immunity leads to systemic inflammation attacks. The autoinflammatory field is exponentially expanding. The advances in AIDs have led to new insights into immune system understanding. Autoimmunity and autoinflammation features may be simultaneously present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Marino
- Department of Pediatrics, Desio Hospital, ASST Monza, Desio, MB, Italy.,Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Tirelli
- Rheumatology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Teresa Giani
- Rheumatology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Rolando Cimaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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33
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Keskitalo S, Haapaniemi E, Einarsdottir E, Rajamäki K, Heikkilä H, Ilander M, Pöyhönen M, Morgunova E, Hokynar K, Lagström S, Kivirikko S, Mustjoki S, Eklund K, Saarela J, Kere J, Seppänen MRJ, Ranki A, Hannula-Jouppi K, Varjosalo M. Novel TMEM173 Mutation and the Role of Disease Modifying Alleles. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2770. [PMID: 31866997 PMCID: PMC6907089 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon binding to pathogen or self-derived cytosolic nucleic acids cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) triggers the production of cGAMP that further activates transmembrane protein STING. Upon activation STING translocates from ER via Golgi to vesicles. Monogenic STING gain-of-function mutations cause early-onset type I interferonopathy, with disease presentation ranging from fatal vasculopathy to mild chilblain lupus. Molecular mechanisms underlying the variable phenotype-genotype correlation are presently unclear. Here, we report a novel gain-of-function G207E STING mutation causing a distinct phenotype with alopecia, photosensitivity, thyroid dysfunction, and features of STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), such as livedo reticularis, skin vasculitis, nasal septum perforation, facial erythema, and bacterial infections. Polymorphism in TMEM173 and IFIH1 showed variable penetrance in the affected family, implying contribution to varying phenotype spectrum. The G207E mutation constitutively activates inflammation-related pathways in vitro, and causes aberrant interferon signature and inflammasome activation in patient PBMCs. Treatment with Janus kinase 1 and 2 (JAK1/2) inhibitor baricitinib was beneficiary for a vasculitic ulcer, induced hair regrowth and improved overall well-being in one patient. Protein-protein interactions propose impaired cellular trafficking of G207E mutant. These findings reveal the molecular landscape of STING and propose common polymorphisms in TMEM173 and IFIH1 as likely modifiers of the phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salla Keskitalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma Haapaniemi
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kristiina Rajamäki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Heikkilä
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mette Ilander
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Pöyhönen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Morgunova
- Department of Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kati Hokynar
- Clinical Research Institute HUCH Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sonja Lagström
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirpa Kivirikko
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Eklund
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Rheumatology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janna Saarela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Kere
- Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Rare Disease Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Immunodeficiency Unit, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annamari Ranki
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katariina Hannula-Jouppi
- Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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34
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RNASEH2B Related Adult-Onset Interferonopathy. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:620-622. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-019-00673-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Soda N, Sakai N, Kato H, Takami M, Fujita T. Singleton-Merten Syndrome-like Skeletal Abnormalities in Mice with Constitutively Activated MDA5. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1356-1368. [PMID: 31366715 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Singleton-Merten syndrome (SMS) is a type I interferonopathy characterized by dental dysplasia, aortic calcification, skeletal abnormalities, glaucoma, and psoriasis. A missense mutation in IFIH1 encoding a cytoplasmic viral RNA sensor MDA5 has recently been identified in the SMS patients as well as in patients with a monogenic form of lupus. We previously reported that Ifih1gs/+ mice express a constitutively active MDA5 and spontaneously develop lupus-like nephritis. In this study, we demonstrate that the Ifih1gs/+ mice also exhibit SMS-like bone abnormalities, including decreased bone mineral density and thin cortical bone. Histological analysis revealed a low number of osteoclasts, low bone formation rate, and abnormal development of growth plate cartilages in Ifih1gs/+ mice. These abnormalities were not observed in Ifih1gs/+ ・Mavs-/- and Ifih1gs/+ ・Ifnar1-/- mice, indicating the critical role of type I IFNs induced by MDA5/MAVS-dependent signaling in the bone pathogenesis of Ifih1gs/+ mice, affecting bone turnover. Taken together, our findings suggest the inhibition of type I IFN signaling as a possible effective therapeutic strategy for bone disorders in SMS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobumasa Soda
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sakai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan; and
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan.,Institute of Cardiovascular Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127 Germany
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan; and
| | - Takashi Fujita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan; .,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
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36
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Hierarchy of clinical manifestations in SAVI N153S and V154M mouse models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:7941-7950. [PMID: 30944222 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818281116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies over the past decade have revealed a central role for innate immune sensors in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. cGAS, a cytosolic DNA sensor, detects both foreign and host DNA and generates a second-messenger cGAMP, which in turn binds and activates stimulator of IFN genes (STING), leading to induction of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Recently, gain-of-function mutations in STING have been identified in patients with STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI). SAVI patients present with early-onset systemic inflammation and interstitial lung disease, resulting in pulmonary fibrosis and respiratory failure. Here, we describe two independent SAVI mouse models, harboring the two most common mutations found in patients. A direct comparison of these strains reveals a hierarchy of immune abnormalities, lung inflammation and fibrosis, which do not depend on either IFN-α/β receptor signaling or mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL)-dependent necroptotic cell death pathways. Furthermore, radiation chimera experiments reveal how bone marrow from the V154M mutant mice transfer disease to the WT host, whereas the N153S does not, indicating mutation-specific disease outcomes. Moreover, using radiation chimeras we find that T cell lymphopenia depends on T cell-intrinsic expression of the SAVI mutation. Collectively, these mutant mice recapitulate many of the disease features seen in SAVI patients and highlight mutation-specific functions of STING that shed light on the heterogeneity observed in SAVI patients.
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Tonduti D, Izzo G, D'Arrigo S, Riva D, Moroni I, Zorzi G, Cavallera V, Pichiecchio A, Uggetti C, Veggiotti P, Orcesi S, Chiapparini L, Parazzini C. Spontaneous MRI improvement and absence of cerebral calcification in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome: Diagnostic and disease-monitoring implications. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 126:489-494. [PMID: 30826161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare genetic leukoencephalopathy related to inappropriate activation of type I interferon. Neuroradiological findings are typically characterized by white matter abnormalities, cerebral atrophy and cerebral calcification. The disease usually manifests itself during the first year of life in the form of an initial "encephalitic-like" phase followed by a chronic phase of stabilization of the neurological signs. Recently new therapeutic strategies have been proposed aimed at blocking the abnormal activation of the interferon cascade. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed clinical and MRI findings in three young RNASEH2B-mutated patients studied with serial CT and MRI studies. RESULTS All three patients presented clinical and MRI features consistent with AGS but, very unexpectedly, an improving neuroradiological course. In patient 1, the MRI improvement was noted some months after treatment with high-dose steroid and IVIg treatment; in patients 2 and 3 it occurred spontaneously. Patient 2 did not show cerebral calcification on CT images. CONCLUSIONS Our series highlights the possibility of spontaneous neuroradiological improvement in AGS2 patients, as well as the possibility of absence of cerebral calcification in AGS. The study underlines the need for extreme caution when using MRI as an outcome measure in therapeutic trials specific for this disease. MRI follow-up studies in larger series are necessary to describe the natural course of AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Tonduti
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giana Izzo
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Arrigo
- Child Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Riva
- Child Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Child Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Child Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Vanessa Cavallera
- Child and Adolescent Neurology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carla Uggetti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Veggiotti
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Biomedical and Clinical Science Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Orcesi
- Child and Adolescent Neurology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Parazzini
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
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38
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Kasumba DM, Grandvaux N. Therapeutic Targeting of RIG-I and MDA5 Might Not Lead to the Same Rome. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:116-127. [PMID: 30606502 PMCID: PMC7112877 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RIG-I and MDA5 receptors are key sensors of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-containing viral RNA and transduce downstream signals to activate an antiviral and immunomodulatory response. Fifteen years of research have put them at the center of an ongoing hunt for novel pharmacological pan-antivirals, vaccine adjuvants, and antitumor strategies. Current knowledge testifies to the redundant, but also distinct, functions mediated by RIG-I and MDA5, opening opportunities for the use of specific and potent nucleic acid agonists. We critically discuss the evidence and remaining knowledge gaps that have an impact on the choice and design of optimal RNA ligands to achieve an appropriate immunostimulatory response, with limited adverse effects, for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against viruses and cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dacquin M. Kasumba
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Grandvaux
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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39
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Abstract
Detection of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune defense in many organisms. We here discuss several families of dsRNA-binding proteins involved in mammalian antiviral innate immunity. These include RIG-I-like receptors, protein kinase R, oligoadenylate synthases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA interference systems, and other proteins containing dsRNA-binding domains and helicase domains. Studies suggest that their functions are highly interdependent and that their interdependence could offer keys to understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms for cellular dsRNA homeostasis and antiviral immunity. This review aims to highlight their interconnectivity, as well as their commonalities and differences in their dsRNA recognition mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hur
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; .,Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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40
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Ferreira CR, Crow YJ, Gahl WA, Gardner PJ, Goldbach-Mansky R, Hur S, de Jesús AA, Nehrebecky M, Park JW, Briggs TA. DDX58 and Classic Singleton-Merten Syndrome. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:75-80. [PMID: 30574673 PMCID: PMC6394545 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-018-0572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Singleton-Merten syndrome manifests as dental dysplasia, glaucoma, psoriasis, aortic calcification, and skeletal abnormalities including tendon rupture and arthropathy. Pathogenic variants in IFIH1 have previously been associated with the classic Singleton-Merten syndrome, while variants in DDX58 has been described in association with a milder phenotype, which is suggested to have a better prognosis. We studied a family with severe, "classic" Singleton-Merten syndrome. METHODS We undertook clinical phenotyping, next-generation sequencing, and functional studies of type I interferon production in patient whole blood and assessed the type I interferon promoter activity in HEK293 cells transfected with wild-type or mutant DDX58 stimulated with Poly I:C. RESULTS We demonstrate a DDX58 autosomal dominant gain-of-function mutation, with constitutive upregulation of type I interferon. CONCLUSIONS DDX58 mutations may be associated with the classic features of Singleton-Merten syndrome including dental dysplasia, tendon rupture, and severe cardiac sequela.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Yanick J Crow
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - William A Gahl
- Office of the Clinical Director and Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela J Gardner
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Disease Studies (TADS), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sun Hur
- Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Adriana Almeida de Jesús
- Translational Autoinflammatory Disease Studies (TADS), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michele Nehrebecky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ji Woo Park
- Biology Department in Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, USA
| | - Tracy A Briggs
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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41
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Zheng J, Wang C, Chang MR, Devarkar SC, Schweibenz B, Crynen GC, Garcia-Ordonez RD, Pascal BD, Novick SJ, Patel SS, Marcotrigiano J, Griffin PR. HDX-MS reveals dysregulated checkpoints that compromise discrimination against self RNA during RIG-I mediated autoimmunity. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5366. [PMID: 30560918 PMCID: PMC6299088 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) ensures immune surveillance of viral RNAs bearing a 5'-triphosphate (5'ppp) moiety. Mutations in RIG-I (C268F and E373A) lead to impaired ATPase activity, thereby driving hyperactive signaling associated with autoimmune diseases. Here we report, using hydrogen/deuterium exchange, mechanistic models for dysregulated RIG-I proofreading that ultimately result in the improper recognition of cellular RNAs bearing 7-methylguanosine and N1-2'-O-methylation (Cap1) on the 5' end. Cap1-RNA compromises its ability to stabilize RIG-I helicase and blunts caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARD) partial opening by threefold. RIG-I H830A mutation restores Cap1-helicase engagement as well as CARDs partial opening event to a level comparable to that of 5'ppp. However, E373A RIG-I locks the receptor in an ATP-bound state, resulting in enhanced Cap1-helicase engagement and a sequential CARDs stimulation. C268F mutation renders a more tethered ring architecture and results in constitutive CARDs signaling in an ATP-independent manner.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism
- Autoimmunity/genetics
- Caspase Activation and Recruitment Domain/immunology
- DEAD Box Protein 58/chemistry
- DEAD Box Protein 58/genetics
- DEAD Box Protein 58/immunology
- DEAD Box Protein 58/metabolism
- Deuterium Exchange Measurement/methods
- Gain of Function Mutation
- Guanosine/analogs & derivatives
- Guanosine/chemistry
- Guanosine/immunology
- Guanosine/metabolism
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1/immunology
- Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1/metabolism
- Mass Spectrometry/methods
- Methylation
- Models, Molecular
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Protein Binding/genetics
- Protein Binding/immunology
- RNA Caps/chemistry
- RNA Caps/immunology
- RNA Caps/metabolism
- RNA, Double-Stranded/chemistry
- RNA, Double-Stranded/immunology
- RNA, Double-Stranded/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
| | - Chen Wang
- Structural Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mi Ra Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Swapnil C Devarkar
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Brandon Schweibenz
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Gogce C Crynen
- The Center for Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Ruben D Garcia-Ordonez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Bruce D Pascal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
- Omics Informatics LLC, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Scott J Novick
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Smita S Patel
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Joseph Marcotrigiano
- Structural Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
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42
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Adang LA, Frank DB, Gilani A, Takanohashi A, Ulrick N, Collins A, Cross Z, Galambos C, Helman G, Kanaan U, Keller S, Simon D, Sherbini O, Hanna BD, Vanderver AL. Aicardi goutières syndrome is associated with pulmonary hypertension. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 125:351-358. [PMID: 30219631 PMCID: PMC6880931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a potentially life threatening complication of many inflammatory conditions, an association between Aicardi Goutières syndrome (AGS), a rare genetic cause of interferon (IFN) overproduction, and the development of PH has not been characterized to date. We analyzed the cardiac function of individuals with AGS enrolled in the Myelin Disorders Bioregistry Project using retrospective chart review (n = 61). Additional prospective echocardiograms were obtained when possible (n = 22). An IFN signature score, a marker of systemic inflammation, was calculated through the measurement of mRNA transcripts of type I IFN-inducible genes (interferon signaling genes or ISG). Pathologic analysis was performed as available from autopsy samples. Within our cohort, four individuals were identified to be affected by PH: three with pathogenic gain-of-function mutations in the IFIH1 gene and one with heterozygous TREX1 mutations. All studied individuals with AGS were noted to have elevated IFN signature scores (Mann-Whitney p < .001), with the highest levels in individuals with IFIH1 mutations (Mann-Whitney p < .0001). We present clinical and histologic evidence of PH in a series of four individuals with AGS, a rare interferonopathy. Importantly, IFIH1 and TREX1 may represent a novel cause of PH. Furthermore, these findings underscore the importance of screening all individuals with AGS for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Adang
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - David B Frank
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ahmed Gilani
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Asako Takanohashi
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicole Ulrick
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Abigail Collins
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Colorado Children's Hospital, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Zachary Cross
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Csaba Galambos
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guy Helman
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Usama Kanaan
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Emory University, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie Keller
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Emory University, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dawn Simon
- Division of pediatric pulmonology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Omar Sherbini
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian D Hanna
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adeline L Vanderver
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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43
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Ruaud L, Rice GI, Cabrol C, Piard J, Rodero M, van Eyk L, Boucher-Brischoux E, de Noordhout AM, Maré R, Scalais E, Pauly F, Debray FG, Dobyns W, Uggenti C, Park JW, Hur S, Livingston JH, Crow YJ, Van Maldergem L. Autosomal-dominant early-onset spastic paraparesis with brain calcification due to IFIH1 gain-of-function. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1076-1080. [PMID: 29782060 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We describe progressive spastic paraparesis in two male siblings and the daughter of one of these individuals. Onset of disease occurred within the first decade, with stiffness and gait difficulties. Brisk deep tendon reflexes and extensor plantar responses were present, in the absence of intellectual disability or dermatological manifestations. Cerebral imaging identified intracranial calcification in all symptomatic family members. A marked upregulation of interferon-stimulated gene transcripts was recorded in all three affected individuals and in two clinically unaffected relatives. A heterozygous IFIH1 c.2544T>G missense variant (p.Asp848Glu) segregated with interferon status. Although not highly conserved (CADD score 10.08 vs. MSC-CADD score of 19.33) and predicted as benign by in silico algorithms, this variant is not present on publically available databases of control alleles, and expression of the D848E construct in HEK293T cells indicated that it confers a gain-of-function. This report illustrates, for the first time, the occurrence of autosomal-dominant spastic paraplegia with intracranial calcifications due to an IFIH1-related type 1 interferonopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyse Ruaud
- Centre de génétique humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Gillian I Rice
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christelle Cabrol
- Centre de génétique humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Juliette Piard
- Centre de génétique humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Mathieu Rodero
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Paris, France
| | - Lien van Eyk
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Ricardo Maré
- Department of Neurology, Regional Hospital, Braga, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Scalais
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Hospital, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Fernand Pauly
- Department of functional rehabilitation, National Hospital, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | | | - William Dobyns
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carolina Uggenti
- Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ji Woo Park
- Biology Department in Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
| | - Sun Hur
- Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John H Livingston
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Yanick J Crow
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Paris, France.,Center for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Van Maldergem
- Centre de génétique humaine, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Integrative and Cognitive Neurosciences Research Unit EA481, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Clinical Investigation Center 1431, INSERM, Besançon, France
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44
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Davidson S, Steiner A, Harapas CR, Masters SL. An Update on Autoinflammatory Diseases: Interferonopathies. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2018; 20:38. [PMID: 29846818 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-018-0748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Type I interferons (IFNαβ) induce the expression of hundreds of genes; thus, it is unsurprising that the initiation, transmission, and resolution of the IFNαβ-mediated immune response is tightly controlled. Mutations that alter nucleic acid processing and recognition, ablate IFNαβ-specific negative feedback mechanisms, or result in dysfunction of the proteasome system can all induce pathogenic IFNαβ signalling and are the focus of this review. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances have delineated the precise cytoplasmic mechanisms that facilitate self-DNA to be recognised by cGAS and self-RNA to be recognised by RIG-I or MDA-5. This helps clarify interferonopathies associated with mutations in genes which code for DNase-II and ADAR1, among others. Similarly, loss of function mutations in Pol α, which lowers the presence of antagonistic ligands in the cytosol, or gain of function mutations in RIG-I and MDA-5, result in increased propensity for receptor activation and therefore IFNαβ induction. As the aetiology of monogenic autoinflammatory diseases are uncovered, novel and sometimes unsuspected molecular interactions and signalling pathways are being defined. This review covers developments that have come to light over the past 3 years, with reference to the study of interferonopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Davidson
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
| | - Annemarie Steiner
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Cassandra R Harapas
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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45
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Davidson S, Steiner A, Harapas CR, Masters SL. An Update on Autoinflammatory Diseases: Interferonopathies. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2018. [PMID: 29846818 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-018-0748-y)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Type I interferons (IFNαβ) induce the expression of hundreds of genes; thus, it is unsurprising that the initiation, transmission, and resolution of the IFNαβ-mediated immune response is tightly controlled. Mutations that alter nucleic acid processing and recognition, ablate IFNαβ-specific negative feedback mechanisms, or result in dysfunction of the proteasome system can all induce pathogenic IFNαβ signalling and are the focus of this review. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances have delineated the precise cytoplasmic mechanisms that facilitate self-DNA to be recognised by cGAS and self-RNA to be recognised by RIG-I or MDA-5. This helps clarify interferonopathies associated with mutations in genes which code for DNase-II and ADAR1, among others. Similarly, loss of function mutations in Pol α, which lowers the presence of antagonistic ligands in the cytosol, or gain of function mutations in RIG-I and MDA-5, result in increased propensity for receptor activation and therefore IFNαβ induction. As the aetiology of monogenic autoinflammatory diseases are uncovered, novel and sometimes unsuspected molecular interactions and signalling pathways are being defined. This review covers developments that have come to light over the past 3 years, with reference to the study of interferonopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Davidson
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
| | - Annemarie Steiner
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Cassandra R Harapas
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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46
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Hiraki LT, Silverman ED. Genomics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Insights Gained by Studying Monogenic Young-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2018; 43:415-434. [PMID: 28711143 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic, autoimmune, multisystem disease with a heterogeneous clinical phenotype. Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple susceptibility loci, but these explain a fraction of the estimated heritability. This is partly because within the broad spectrum of SLE are monogenic diseases that tend to cluster in patients with young age of onset, and in families. This article highlights insights into the pathogenesis of SLE provided by these monogenic diseases. It examines genetic causes of complement deficiency, abnormal interferon production, and abnormalities of tolerance, resulting in monogenic SLE with overlapping clinical features, autoantibodies, and shared inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda T Hiraki
- Division of Rheumatology, SickKids Hospital, SickKids Research Institute, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Earl D Silverman
- Division of Rheumatology, SickKids Hospital, SickKids Research Institute, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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47
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Sugawara Y, Imai K, Kashimada A, Moriyama K, Baba S, Nishikomori R, Motegi M, Takeuchi Y, Morio T. Autoinflammatory phenotypes in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome with interferon upregulation and serological autoimmune features. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:1135-1138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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48
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Buers I, Rice GI, Crow YJ, Rutsch F. MDA5-Associated Neuroinflammation and the Singleton-Merten Syndrome: Two Faces of the Same Type I Interferonopathy Spectrum. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2018; 37:214-219. [PMID: 28475458 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2017.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1973, Singleton and Merten described a new syndrome in 2 female probands with aortic and cardiac valve calcifications, early loss of secondary dentition, and widened medullary cavities of the phalanges. In 1984, Aicardi and Goutières defined a phenotype resembling congenital viral infection with basal ganglia calcification and increased protein content in the cerebrospinal fluid. Between 2006 and 2012, mutations in 6 different genes were described to be associated with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, specifically-TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, ADAR, and SAMHD1. More recently, mutations in IFIH1 were reported in a variety of neuroimmunological phenotypes, including Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, while a specific Arg822Gln mutation in IFIH1 was described in 3 discrete families with Singleton-Merten syndrome (SMS). IFIH1 encodes for melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), and all mutations identified to date have been associated with an enhanced interferon response in affected individuals. In this study, we present a male child demonstrating recurrent febrile episodes, spasticity, and basal ganglia calcification suggestive of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, who carries the same Arg822Gln mutation in IFIH1 previously associated with SMS. We conclude that both diseases are part of the interferonopathy grouping and that the Arg822Gln mutation in IFIH1 can cause a spectrum of disease, including neurological involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Buers
- 1 Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital , Muenster, Germany
| | - Gillian I Rice
- 2 Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yanick J Crow
- 2 Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom .,3 Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation , INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France .,4 Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University , Institute Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Frank Rutsch
- 1 Department of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital , Muenster, Germany
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49
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Takeichi T, Katayama C, Tanaka T, Okuno Y, Murakami N, Kono M, Sugiura K, Aoyama Y, Akiyama M. A novel IFIH1 mutation in the pincer domain underlies the clinical features of both Aicardi-Goutières and Singleton-Merten syndromes in a single patient. Br J Dermatol 2017; 178:e111-e113. [PMID: 29270977 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Takeichi
- Departments of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - C Katayama
- Departments of Dermatology, Kawasaki General Hospital, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- Pediatrics, Kawasaki General Hospital, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Okuno
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - N Murakami
- Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - M Kono
- Departments of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - K Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Y Aoyama
- Departments of Dermatology, Kawasaki General Hospital, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - M Akiyama
- Departments of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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50
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de Carvalho LM, Ngoumou G, Park JW, Ehmke N, Deigendesch N, Kitabayashi N, Melki I, Souza FFL, Tzschach A, Nogueira-Barbosa MH, Ferriani V, Louzada-Junior P, Marques W, Lourencço CM, Horn D, Kallinich T, Stenzel W, Hur S, Rice GI, Crow YJ. Musculoskeletal Disease in MDA5-Related Type I Interferonopathy: A Mendelian Mimic of Jaccoud's Arthropathy. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:2081-2091. [PMID: 28605144 PMCID: PMC6099183 DOI: 10.1002/art.40179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the molecular basis of a multisystem phenotype with progressive musculoskeletal disease of the hands and feet, including camptodactyly, subluxation, and tendon rupture, reminiscent of Jaccoud's arthropathy. METHODS We identified 2 families segregating an autosomal-dominant phenotype encompassing musculoskeletal disease and variable additional features, including psoriasis, dental abnormalities, cardiac valve involvement, glaucoma, and basal ganglia calcification. We measured the expression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes in the peripheral blood and skin, and undertook targeted Sanger sequencing of the IFIH1 gene encoding the cytosolic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensor melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA-5). We also assessed the functional consequences of IFIH1 gene variants using an in vitro IFNβ reporter assay in HEK 293T cells. RESULTS We recorded an up-regulation of type I IFN-induced gene transcripts in all 5 patients tested and identified a heterozygous gain-of-function mutation in IFIH1 in each family, resulting in different substitutions of the threonine residue at position 331 of MDA-5. Both of these variants were associated with increased IFNβ expression in the absence of exogenous dsRNA ligand, consistent with constitutive activation of MDA-5. CONCLUSION These cases highlight the significant musculoskeletal involvement that can be associated with mutations in MDA-5, and emphasize the value of testing for up-regulation of IFN signaling as a marker of the underlying molecular lesion. Our data indicate that both Singleton-Merten syndrome and neuroinflammation described in the context of MDA-5 gain-of-function constitute part of the same type I interferonopathy disease spectrum, and provide possible novel insight into the pathology of Jaccoud's arthropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gonza Ngoumou
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ji Woo Park
- Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
| | - Nadja Ehmke
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Naoki Kitabayashi
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation and Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Melki
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut, Imagine, Hôpital Robert Debré, AP-HP Paris, and Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Virgínia Ferriani
- Ribeirão Preto Medical, School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Wilson Marques
- Ribeirão Preto Medical, School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Horn
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Sun Hur
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gillian I. Rice
- University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Yanick J. Crow
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, and Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP Paris, Paris, France, and University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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