1
|
Field SL, Galvan EA, Hernandez LL, Laporta J. Exploring the contribution of mammary-derived serotonin on liver and pancreas metabolism during lactation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304910. [PMID: 38837989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
During lactation, the murine mammary gland is responsible for a significant increase in circulating serotonin. However, the role of mammary-derived serotonin in energy homeostasis during lactation is unclear. To investigate this, we utilized C57/BL6J mice with a lactation and mammary-specific deletion of the gene coding for the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin synthesis (TPH1, Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL) to understand the metabolic contributions of mammary-derived serotonin during lactation. Circulating serotonin was reduced by approximately 50% throughout lactation in Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL mice compared to wild-type mice (TPH1FL/FL), with mammary gland and liver serotonin content reduced on L21. The Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL mice had less serotonin and insulin immunostaining in the pancreatic islets on L21, resulting in reduced circulating insulin but no changes in glucose. The mammary glands of Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL mice had larger mammary alveolar areas, with fewer and smaller intra-lobular adipocytes, and increased expression of milk protein genes (e.g., WAP, CSN2, LALBA) compared to TPH1FL/FL mice. No changes in feed intake, body composition, or estimated milk yield were observed between groups. Taken together, mammary-derived serotonin appears to contribute to the pancreas-mammary cross-talk during lactation with potential implications in the regulation of insulin homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sena L Field
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Everardo Anta Galvan
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Laura L Hernandez
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Jimena Laporta
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mao B, Liu S, Zhu S, Wu F, Yuan W, Yan Y, Wang B. The janus face of serotonin: Regenerative promoter and chronic liver disease aggravator. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30703. [PMID: 38756588 PMCID: PMC11096747 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of liver diseases, from viral hepatitis and fatty liver disease to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the most representative series of pathological events in liver diseases. While serotonin (5-HT) primarily regulates brain functions such as psychology, mood, and appetite in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral 5-HT plays a crucial role in regulating tumor development, glucose and lipid metabolism, immune function and inflammatory response related to liver diseases. These peripheral physiological processes involving 5-HT are the key mechanisms driving the development of these liver diseases. This study presents an overview of the existing literature, focusing on the role of 5-HT in HCC, cirrhosis, fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and liver injury. In summary, while 5-HT promotes liver regeneration, it can also contribute to the progression of chronic liver disease. These findings indicate the potential for the development and use of 5-HT-related drugs for the treatment of liver diseases, including HCC and cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benliang Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shoupei Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanfei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bailin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tow DH, Chan CH, Howe JR, Ear PH. A luminescent sensor for investigating serotonin metabolism in neuroendocrine cancer. Surgery 2024; 175:726-734. [PMID: 37914574 PMCID: PMC10872965 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin is emerging as a promising therapeutic target in tryptophan hydroxylase 1-positive tumors, but further mechanistic studies are needed to effectively target dysregulated serotonin metabolism. One challenge is a lack of methods for studying the dynamic nature of serotonin metabolism. Here, we report the development of a genetically encoded luminescent biosensor, termed iSero-Rluc, for the real-time detection of serotonin in live cells. METHODS The engineered serotonin binding domain (iSero) and Renilla luciferase (Rluc) reporter were cloned into yeast and mammalian expression vectors to create a fusion protein that could act as a biosensor to detect endogenous serotonin levels in live cells. The iSero-Rluc biosensor was stably expressed in the BON cell line and luciferase assays, mass spectroscopy, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting were used to study serotonin metabolism under different cell culture conditions. RESULTS The iSero-Rluc sensor detected exogenous serotonin in a yeast model. When stably expressed in the BON cell line, iSero-Rluc revealed that serotonin biosynthesis is increased in an anchorage-independent growth state and is induced upon serum starvation. CONCLUSION The iSero-Rluc biosensor is a powerful tool in the study of tumor serotonin metabolism. It enabled real-time detection of alterations in serotonin synthesis in living cells under various growth conditions and has the potential to provide greater insight into serotonin metabolism in different stages of tumor progression and to identify therapeutic strategies to target cancer metastases and carcinoid crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dane H Tow
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Carlos Hf Chan
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - James R Howe
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Po Hien Ear
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Redenšek Trampuž S, van Riet S, Nordling Å, Ingelman-Sundberg M. Mechanisms of 5-HT receptor antagonists in the regulation of fibrosis in a 3D human liver spheroid model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1396. [PMID: 38228622 PMCID: PMC10792007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a major health problem leading to liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, among other diseases, and for which there is still no approved drug treatment. Previous studies in animal models and in LX-2 cells have indicated a role for serotonin (5-HT) and 5-HT receptors in stellate cell activation and the development of NASH. In the current study, we investigated the extent to which these findings are applicable to a human NASH in vitro model consisting of human liver spheroids containing hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells. Treatment of the spheroids with 5-HT or free fatty acids (FFA) induced fibrosis, whereas treatment of the spheroids with the 5-HT receptor antagonists ketanserin, pimavanserin, sarpogrelate, and SB269970 inhibited FFA-induced fibrosis via a reduction in stellate cell activation as determined by the expression of vimentin, TGF-β1 and COL1A1 production. siRNA-based silencing of 5-HT2A receptor expression reduced the anti-fibrotic properties of ketanserin, suggesting a role for 5-HT receptors in general and 5-HT2A receptors in particular in the FFA-mediated increase in fibrosis in the human liver spheroid model. The results suggest a contribution of the 5-HT receptors in the development of FFA-induced human liver fibrosis with implications for further efforts in drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Redenšek Trampuž
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sander van Riet
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Nordling
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu J, Zhu P, Shi L, Gao N, Li Y, Shu C, Xu Y, Yu Y, He J, Guo D, Zhang X, Wang X, Shao S, Dong W, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhang W, Chen WH, Chen X, Liu Z, Yang X, Zhang B. Bifidobacterium longum promotes postoperative liver function recovery in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:131-144.e6. [PMID: 38091982 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Timely liver function recovery (LFR) is crucial for postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Here, we established the significance of LFR on patient long-term survival through retrospective and prospective cohorts and identified a key gut microbe, Bifidobacterium longum, depleted in patients with delayed recovery. Fecal microbiota transfer from HCC patients with delayed recovery to mice similarly impacted recovery time post hepatectomy. However, oral gavage of B. longum improved liver function and repair in these mice. In a clinical trial of HCC patients, orally administering a probiotic bacteria cocktail containing B. longum reduced the rates of delayed recovery, shortened hospital stays, and improved overall 1-year survival. These benefits, attributed to diminished liver inflammation, reduced liver fibrosis, and hepatocyte proliferation, were associated with changes in key metabolic pathways, including 5-hydroxytryptamine, secondary bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids. Our findings propose that gut microbiota modulation can enhance LFR, thereby improving postoperative outcomes for HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Linlin Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Na Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yani Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Junqing He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Dingming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xiangfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Sirui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wanguang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-Imaging, Center for Artificial Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Institution of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Zhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salkin H, Satir-Basaran G, Korkmaz S, Burcin Gonen Z, Erdem Basaran K. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium and Methysergide give rise to crosstalk inhibition of 5-HT2A and 5-HT7 receptors in neuroblastoma cells. Brain Res 2023; 1808:148354. [PMID: 36997105 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (s): We aimed to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell secretome and methysergide combination on 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A, (5-HT2AR), 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 (5-HT7R), adenosine 2A (A2AR) receptors and CD73 on neuroblastoma cell line and how they affect biological characteristics. Methysergide was used as a serotonin antagonist on the neuroblastoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human dental pulp-derived stem cells (hDPSCs) used to obtain conditioned medium (CM). Methysergide drug was prepared in CM and applied to neuroblastoma cells. Analysis of 5-HT7R, 5-HT2AR, A2AR and CD73 expressions was performed by western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Total apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, Ki-67 proliferation test, viability analysis, DNA damage and cell cycle analysis were performed in accordance with the product procedure by using biological activity test kits. RESULTS Our results showed that neuroblastoma cancer cells are normally on the Gs signaling axis via the serotonin 7 receptor and the adenosine 2A receptor. CM and Methysergide inhibited the 5-HT7 and A2A receptor levels in neuroblastoma cells. We found that CM and methysergide formed crosstalk inhibition between 5-HT2AR, 5-HT7R, A2AR and CD73. CM and Methysergide increased the total apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells and induced the mitochondrial membrane depolarization. CM and Methysergide induced the DNA damage and arrested in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle of the neuroblastoma cells. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the combination of CM and methysergite may exert a therapeutic effect on neuroblastoma cancer cells, and future in vivo studies may be important in area of neuroblastoma research to support the findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Salkin
- Beykent University, Vocational School, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Program of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Istanbul, Turkey; Erciyes University, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Guzide Satir-Basaran
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Seyda Korkmaz
- Erciyes University, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Burcin Gonen
- Erciyes University, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey; Erciyes University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kemal Erdem Basaran
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kayseri, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Therapeutic Potential and Limitation of Serotonin Type 7 Receptor Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032070. [PMID: 36768393 PMCID: PMC9916679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a number of mood-stabilising atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants modulate serotonin type 7 receptor (5-HT7), the detailed contributions of 5-HT7 function to clinical efficacy and pathophysiology have not been fully understood. The mood-stabilising antipsychotic agent, lurasidone, and the serotonin partial agonist reuptake inhibitor, vortioxetine, exhibit higher binding affinity to 5-HT7 than other conventional antipsychotics and antidepressants. To date, the initially expected rapid onset of antidepressant effects-in comparison with conventional antidepressants or mood-stabilising antipsychotics-due to 5-HT7 inhibition has not been observed with lurasidone and vortioxetine; however, several clinical studies suggest that 5-HT7 inhibition likely contributes to quality of life of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders via the improvement of cognition. Furthermore, recent preclinical studies reported that 5-HT7 inhibition might mitigate antipsychotic-induced weight gain and metabolic complication by blocking other monoamine receptors. Further preclinical studies for the development of 5-HT7 modulation against neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases have been ongoing. To date, various findings from various preclinical studies indicate the possibility that 5-HT7 modifications can provide two independent strategies. The first is that 5-HT7 inhibition ameliorates the dysfunction of inter-neuronal transmission in mature networks. The other is that activation of 5-HT7 can improve transmission dysfunction due to microstructure abnormality in the neurotransmission network-which could be unaffected by conventional therapeutic agents-via modulating intracellular signalling during the neurodevelopmental stage or via loss of neural networks with aging. This review attempts to describe the current and novel clinical applications of 5-HT7 modulation based on preclinical findings.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cai L, Tao Q, Li W, Zhu X, Cui C. The anti-anxiety/depression effect of a combined complex of casein hydrolysate and γ-aminobutyric acid on C57BL/6 mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:971853. [PMID: 36245498 PMCID: PMC9554304 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.971853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of a series of adverse side effects of drugs for anxiety/depression on the market at present, it is imminent to extract and develop novel anti-anxiety and depression drugs from plants and proteins (like casein hydrolysate) as adjuncts or substitutes for existing anti-anxiety and depression drugs. Consequently, this study investigated the improvement of the anxiety/depression function by the compound of casein hydrolysate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (casein hydrolysate: GABA = 4:1; CCHAA) on mice induced by chronic restraint stress-corticosterone injection. Animal experiments revealed that oral gavage administration of CCHAA significantly reversed the anxiety/depression-like behaviors. Compared to the model control group, body weights were increased after treatment with CCHAA groups [1.5, 0.75 mg/(g⋅d)]. As a diagnostic index of anxiety and depression, we assessed GABA and 5-HT levels in response to CCHAA ingestion. The GABA and 5-HT levels were increasingly enhanced by the CCHAA diet. In addition, histopathological changes in the hippocampus CA3 region of the anxious/depressed mice were also alleviated after the treatment with the CCHAA. Thus, the casein hydrolysate and GABA formula diets may induce beneficial effects on the mice with anxiety/depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiping Zhu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiping Zhu,
| | - Chun Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Weiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
- Chun Cui,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fukuyama K, Motomura E, Okada M. Brexpiprazole Reduces 5-HT7 Receptor Function on Astroglial Transmission Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126571. [PMID: 35743014 PMCID: PMC9223571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several atypical antipsychotics exert mood-stabilising effects via the modulation of various monoamine receptors and intracellular signallings. Recent pharmacodynamic studies suggested that tripartite synaptic transmission can contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and mood disorders, their associated cognitive impairment, and several adverse reactions to atypical antipsychotics. Therefore, to explore the mechanisms underlying the antidepressive mood-stabilising and antipsychotic effects of brexpiprazole (Brex), we determined the effects of subchronic administration of therapeutically relevant concentrations/doses of Brex on the protein expression of 5-HT receptors, connexin43, cAMP levels, and intracellular signalling in cultured astrocytes and rat hypothalamus using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and capillary immunoblotting systems. Subchronic administration of a therapeutically relevant concentration of Brex (300 nM) downregulated both 5-HT1A (5-HT1AR) and 5-HT7 (5-HT7R) receptors, in addition to phosphorylated Erk (pErk), without affecting phosphorylated Akt in the astroglial plasma membrane. Subchronic administration of 300 nM Brex decreased and increased phosphorylated AMPK and connexin43, respectively, in the astroglial cytosol fraction. A therapeutically relevant concentration of Brex acutely decreased the astroglial cAMP level, whereas, under the inhibition of 5-HT1AR, Brex did not affect astroglial cAMP levels. However, the 5-HT7R-agonist-induced increased astroglial cAMP level was inhibited by Brex. In contrast to the in vitro study, systemic subchronic administration of effective doses of Brex (3 and 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days) increased the cAMP level but did not affect phosphorylated AMPK in the rat hypothalamus. These results suggest several complicated pharmacological features of Brex. Partial 5-HT1AR agonistic action predominates in the low range of therapeutically relevant concentrations of Brex, whereas in the high range, 5-HT7R inverse agonist-like action is overlapped on the 5-HT1A agonistic action. These unique suppressive effects of Brex on 5-HT7R play important roles in the clinical features of Brex regarding its antidepressive mood-stabilising actions.
Collapse
|
10
|
Asuaje Pfeifer M, Liebmann M, Beuerle T, Grupe K, Scherneck S. Role of Serotonin (5-HT) in GDM Prediction Considering Islet and Liver Interplay in Prediabetic Mice during Gestation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126434. [PMID: 35742878 PMCID: PMC9224346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is characterized by a glucose tolerance disorder. This may first appear during pregnancy or pre-exist before conception as a form of prediabetes, but there are few data on the pathogenesis of the latter subtype. Female New Zealand obese (NZO) mice serve as a model for this subpopulation of GDM. It was recently shown that GDM is associated with elevated urinary serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) levels, but the role of the biogenic amine in subpopulations with prediabetes remains unclear. 5-HT is synthesized in different tissues, including the islets of Langerhans during pregnancy. Furthermore, 5-HT receptors (HTRs) are expressed in tissues important for the regulation of glucose homeostasis, such as liver and pancreas. Interestingly, NZO mice showed elevated plasma and islet 5-HT concentrations as well as impaired glucose-stimulated 5-HT secretion. Incubation of isolated primary NZO islets with 5-HT revealed an inhibitory effect on insulin and glucagon secretion. In primary NZO hepatocytes, 5-HT aggravated hepatic glucose production (HGP), decreased glucose uptake (HGU), glycogen content, and modulated AKT activation as well as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) increase, indicating 5-HT downstream modulation. Treatment with an HTR2B antagonist reduced this 5-HT-mediated deterioration of the metabolic state. With its strong effect on glucose metabolism, these data indicate that 5-HT is already a potential indicator of GDM before conception in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Asuaje Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.A.P.); (M.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Moritz Liebmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.A.P.); (M.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Till Beuerle
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Katharina Grupe
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.A.P.); (M.L.); (K.G.)
| | - Stephan Scherneck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (M.A.P.); (M.L.); (K.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-531-391-8440
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ye D, Xu H, Tang Q, Xia H, Zhang C, Bi F. The role of 5-HT metabolism in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188618. [PMID: 34428515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) metabolism has long been linked to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Numerous studies have shown the functions of 5-HT and its metabolites in the regulation of tumor biological processes like cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis and immunomodulatory through multi-step complex mechanisms. Reprogramming of 5-HT metabolism has been revealed in various tumors paving way for development of drugs that target enzymes, metabolites or receptors involved in 5-HT metabolic pathway. However, information on the role of 5-HT metabolism in cancer is scanty. This review briefly describes the main metabolic routes of 5-HT, the role of 5-HT metabolism in cancer and systematically summarizes the most recent advances in 5-HT metabolism-targeted cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Huanji Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Qiulin Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Hongwei Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Chenliang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Feng Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Koumarianou A, Alexandraki KI, Wallin G, Kaltsas G, Daskalakis K. Pathogenesis and Clinical Management of Mesenteric Fibrosis in Small Intestinal Neuroendocine Neoplasms: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1777. [PMID: 32521677 PMCID: PMC7357094 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenteric fibrosis (MF) constitutes an underrecognized sequela in patients with small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (SI-NENs), often complicating the disease clinical course. The aim of the present systematic review, carried out by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, is to provide an update in evolving aspects of MF pathogenesis and its clinical management in SI-NENs. Complex and dynamic interactions are present in the microenvironment of tumor deposits in the mesentery. Serotonin, as well as the signaling pathways of certain growth factors play a pivotal, yet not fully elucidated role in the pathogenesis of MF. Clinically, MF often results in significant morbidity by causing either acute complications, such as intestinal obstruction and/or acute ischemia or more chronic conditions involving abdominal pain, venous stasis, malabsorption and malnutrition. Surgical resection in patients with locoregional disease only or symptomatic distant stage disease, as well as palliative minimally invasive interventions in advanced inoperable cases seem clinically meaningful, whereas currently available systemic and/or targeted treatments do not unequivocally affect the development of MF in SI-NENs. Increased awareness and improved understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MF in SI-NENs may provide better diagnostic and predictive tools for its timely recognition and intervention and also facilitates the development of agents targeting MF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koumarianou
- Hematology Oncology Unit, Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Krystallenia I. Alexandraki
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.I.A.); (G.K.); (K.D.)
| | - Göran Wallin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden;
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.I.A.); (G.K.); (K.D.)
| | - Kosmas Daskalakis
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.I.A.); (G.K.); (K.D.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 85 Örebro, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nieto C, Rayo I, de Las Casas-Engel M, Izquierdo E, Alonso B, Béchade C, Maroteaux L, Vega MA, Corbí ÁL. Serotonin (5-HT) Shapes the Macrophage Gene Profile through the 5-HT 2B-Dependent Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2808-2817. [PMID: 32253244 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages can either promote or resolve inflammatory responses, and their polarization state is modulated by peripheral serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]). In fact, pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages differ in the expression of serotonin receptors, with 5-HT2B and 5-HT7 expression restricted to M-CSF-primed monocyte-derived macrophages (M-MØ). 5-HT7 drives the acquisition of profibrotic and anti-inflammatory functions in M-MØ, whereas 5-HT2B prevents the degeneration of spinal cord mononuclear phagocytes and modulates motility of murine microglial processes. Because 5-HT2B mediates clinically relevant 5-HT-related pathologies (valvular heart disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension) and is an off target of anesthetics, antiparkinsonian drugs, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, we sought to determine the transcriptional consequences of 5-HT2B engagement in human macrophages, for which 5-HT2B signaling remains unknown. Assessment of the effects of specific agonists and antagonist revealed that 5-HT2B engagement modifies the cytokine and gene signature of anti-inflammatory M-MØ, upregulates the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) target genes, and stimulates the transcriptional activation of AhR. Moreover, we found that 5-HT dose dependently upregulates the expression of AhR target genes in M-MØ and that the 5-HT-mediated activation of AhR is 5-HT2B dependent because it is abrogated by the 5-HT2B-specific antagonist SB204741. Altogether, our results demonstrate the existence of a functional 5-HT/5-HT2B/AhR axis in human macrophages and indicate that 5-HT potentiates the activity of a transcription factor (AhR) that regulates immune responses and the biological responses to xenobiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concha Nieto
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Rayo
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mateo de Las Casas-Engel
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Izquierdo
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bárbara Alonso
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Catherine Béchade
- INSERM UMR-S839, 75005 Paris, France.,Sorbonne University and UPMC University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; and.,Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luc Maroteaux
- INSERM UMR-S839, 75005 Paris, France.,Sorbonne University and UPMC University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; and.,Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Miguel A Vega
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Laboratorio de Células Mieloides, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Du X, Wang T, Wang Z, Wu X, Gu Y, Huang Q, Wang J, Xie J. 5-HT 7 Receptor Contributes to Proliferation, Migration and Invasion in NSCLC Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2139-2151. [PMID: 32210580 PMCID: PMC7071786 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s244339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Because only a small portion of NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) patients benefit from molecular targeted therapy or immunotherapy and do not develop therapeutic resistance, continued research on new targets is warranted. Serotonin has recently emerged as a growth factor for tumor cells, and its receptors may be potential therapeutic targets. The mechanism related to the behavior of the 5-HT7 receptor in NSCLC remains unknown. Methods Both gene expression analysis and immunohistochemical analysis were conducted to evaluate 5-HT7 receptor expression in NSCLC tissues. The correlation between 5-HT7 receptor expression and clinicopathological features was also examined. Cell proliferation was measured using a CCK8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) assay and colony formation, migration and invasion were evaluated by the Transwell assay. siRNA transfection and stimulation with the selective agonist LP211 were used to identify the involvement of molecules in proliferation, migration and invasion. Quantitative real-time chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to quantifiy mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Pathway inhibitors facilitated the exploration of possible signaling pathways regulated by the 5-HT7 receptor in migration and invasion. Results The 5-HT7 receptor was overexpressed in NSCLC tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal lung tissues. High 5-HT7 receptor expression levels were correlated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.007) and advanced TNM stage (P=0.000) in NSCLC patients. The 5-HT7 receptor positively regulated cell proliferation, migration and invasion in NSCLC cells. The stimulatory effect of the 5-HT7 receptor on A549 cell migration and invasion may occur through the P38 pathway. In H1299 cells, the 5-HT7 receptor might positively regulate Src to promote cell migration and invasion. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the 5-HT7 receptor, which mediates NSCLC progression, may be a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiya Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmiao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jungang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Catani MV, Savini I, Tullio V, Gasperi V. The "Janus Face" of Platelets in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030788. [PMID: 31991775 PMCID: PMC7037171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides their vital role in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are also recognized to be involved in cancer, where they play an unexpected central role: They actively influence cancer cell behavior, but, on the other hand, platelet physiology and phenotype are impacted by tumor cells. The existence of this platelet-cancer loop is supported by a large number of experimental and human studies reporting an association between alterations in platelet number and functions and cancer, often in a way dependent on patient, cancer type and treatment. Herein, we shall report on an update on platelet-cancer relationships, with a particular emphasis on how platelets might exert either a protective or a deleterious action in all steps of cancer progression. To this end, we will describe the impact of (i) platelet count, (ii) bioactive molecules secreted upon platelet activation, and (iii) microvesicle-derived miRNAs on cancer behavior. Potential explanations of conflicting results are also reported: Both intrinsic (heterogeneity in platelet-derived bioactive molecules with either inhibitory or stimulatory properties; features of cancer cell types, such as aggressiveness and/or tumour stage) and extrinsic (heterogeneous characteristics of cancer patients, study design and sample preparation) factors, together with other confounding elements, contribute to “the Janus face” of platelets in cancer. Given the difficulty to establish the univocal role of platelets in a tumor, a better understanding of their exact contribution is warranted, in order to identify an efficient therapeutic strategy for cancer management, as well as for better prevention, screening and risk assessment protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Valeria Catani
- Correspondence: (M.V.C.); (V.G.); Tel.: +39-06-72596465 (M.V.C.); +39-06-72596465 (V.G.)
| | | | | | - Valeria Gasperi
- Correspondence: (M.V.C.); (V.G.); Tel.: +39-06-72596465 (M.V.C.); +39-06-72596465 (V.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Quintero-Villegas A, Valdés-Ferrer SI. Role of 5-HT 7 receptors in the immune system in health and disease. Mol Med 2019; 26:2. [PMID: 31892309 PMCID: PMC6938607 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammalians, serotonin (5-HT) has critical roles in the central nervous system (CNS), including mood stability, pain tolerance, or sleep patterns. However, the vast majority of serotonin is produced by intestinal enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract and circulating blood platelets, also acting outside of the CNS. Serotonin effects are mediated through its interaction with 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs), a superfamily with a repertoire of at least fourteen well-characterized members. 5-HT7 receptors are the last 5-HTR member to be identified, with well-defined functions in the nervous, gastrointestinal, and vascular systems. The effects of serotonin on the immune response are less well understood. Mast cells are known to produce serotonin, while T cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages and microglia express 5-HT7 receptor. Here, we review the known roles of 5-HT7 receptors in the immune system, as well as their potential therapeutic implication in inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Quintero-Villegas
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Panamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, Intituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Iván Valdés-Ferrer
- Departments of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Center for Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Thirumaran SL, Lepailleur A, Rochais C. Structure-activity relationships of serotonin 5-HT7 receptors ligands: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
18
|
Saavedra C, Barriuso J, McNamara MG, Valle JW, Lamarca A. Spotlight on telotristat ethyl for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome diarrhea: patient selection and reported outcomes. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7537-7556. [PMID: 31496810 PMCID: PMC6690650 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s181439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare cancers with an associated prolonged survival in some patients. A proportion of patients diagnosed with NETs will present with carcinoid syndrome symptoms, characterized by diarrhea, flushing and/or wheezing. This review summarizes the current treatment options for carcinoid syndrome, focusing on the latest novel treatment option, telotristat ethyl. In addition, information on patient-reported outcomes and impact of carcinoid syndrome on quality of life (QOL) and improvement of following treatment with telotristat ethyl are reviewed. This article also provides an overview of the current QOL questionnaires for patients with NETs and addresses unmet needs in this field of patient-reported outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Saavedra
- Medical Oncology Department, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Medical Oncology Department, Ramon Y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Barriuso
- Medical Oncology Department, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mairéad G McNamara
- Medical Oncology Department, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Juan W Valle
- Medical Oncology Department, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Medical Oncology Department, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Blattner KM, Canney DJ, Pippin DA, Blass BE. Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of the 5-HT 7 Receptor. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:89-119. [PMID: 30020772 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented that serotonin (5-HT) exerts its pharmacological effects through a series of 5-HT receptors. The most recently identified member of this family, 5-HT7, was first identified in 1993. Over the course of the last 25 years, this receptor has been the subject of intense investigation, and it has been demonstrated that 5-HT7 plays an important role in a wide range of pharmacological processes. As a result of these findings, modulation of 5-HT7 activity has been the focus of numerous drug discovery and development programs. This review provides an overview of the roles of 5-HT7 in normal physiology and the therapeutic potential of this interesting drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Blattner
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Daniel J. Canney
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Douglas A. Pippin
- Praeventix, LLC, 665 Stockton Drive, Suite 200H, Exton, Pennsylvania 19341, United States
| | - Benjamin E. Blass
- Temple University School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kot M, Daujat-Chavanieu M. Altered cytokine profile under control of the serotonergic system determines the regulation of CYP2C11 and CYP3A isoforms. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 116:369-378. [PMID: 29698782 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess a potential mechanism by which the serotonergic system can control the expression and activity of cytochrome (CYP) 2C11 and CYP3A isoforms during liver insufficiency. A rat model of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver insufficiency was developed by administering 50 mg/kg of DEN twice a week for 7 weeks. Dysfunction of the serotonergic system was evoked by feeding the rats with a tryptophan-free diet for three weeks. Dysfunction of the serotonergic system during liver insufficiency decreased the level of proinflammatory cytokines (TGF-β and IL-1β) and increased the level of an anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4). Simultaneously, activation of the repressive mechanism IL-4/JAK1/STAT6/SOCS1 of the JAK2/STAT5b-mediated signal transduction pathway and the pERK1/2/GR/STAT6 signal transduction pathway resulted in the suppression of the CYP2C11 and CYP3A isoforms. Moreover, dysfunction of the serotonergic system during liver insufficiency equalized the level of testosterone to the basal level, did not change the steady state of the corticosterone level and significantly enhanced the reduced level of growth hormone. An altered cytokine profile under control of the serotonergic system determines the regulation of CYP2C11 and CYP3A isoforms during liver insufficiency through mechanisms based on posttranscriptional and posttranslational processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kot
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Smętna Street 12, Poland.
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1183, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Assessment of the possible roles of SB-269970 versus ketanserin on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats: Oxidative stress/TGF-β 1-induced HSCs activation pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 70:509-518. [PMID: 29660654 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In liver fibrosis, a major morbid and mortal disease, oxidative stress motivation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)-into myofibroblasts terminated in collagen deposition remain the key pathophysiological deal. Serotonin (5-HT) through its HSCs-expressed receptors, especially 5-HT2A and 7, shows crucial events in fibrogenesis of chronic liver diseases. Molecular hepatic oxidative stress-fibrotic roles of 5-HT2A and 7 receptors antagonists (ketanserin and SB-269970 respectively) are still a challenging issue. METHODS Seven groups of adult male Wistar rats (n=10) were used. A carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) solution was injected intraperitoneally twice weekly for 6 weeks. On the 7th week, rats developed liver fibrosis were treated either by ketanserin (1mg/kg/day, ip) or SB-269970 (2mg/kg/day, ip) for 14days. Survival rates, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in addition to hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) levels, beside the hepatic histopathological fibrotic changes, were evaluated. RESULTS In CCl4-challenged rats, each therapeutic approach showed significant reductions in elevated serum ALT, and AST levels, hepatic MDA, TGF-β1, and PINP levels, and histopathological hepatic fibrotic scores as well as significant elevations in survival rates, reduced hepatic GSH levels, and SOD, and CAT activities. Remarkably, significant ameliorative measurements were observed in SB-269970 treated group. CONCLUSION Blockade of 5-HT2A and 7 receptors each alone could be a future reliable therapeutic approach in liver fibrosis through a reduction in oxidative stress/TGF-β1-induced HSCs activation pathway.
Collapse
|
22
|
Domínguez-Soto Á, Usategui A, Casas-Engel MDL, Simón-Fuentes M, Nieto C, Cuevas VD, Vega MA, Luis Pablos J, Corbí ÁL. Serotonin drives the acquisition of a profibrotic and anti-inflammatory gene profile through the 5-HT7R-PKA signaling axis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14761. [PMID: 29116249 PMCID: PMC5676747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) regulates cell growth and differentiation in numerous cell types through engagement of seven types of cell surface receptors (HTR1-7). Deregulated 5-HT/HTR levels contribute to pathology in chronic inflammatory diseases, with macrophages being relevant targets for the physio-pathological effects of 5-HT. In fact, 5-HT skews human macrophage polarization through engagement of 5-HT2BR and 5-HT7R receptors. We now report that 5-HT primes macrophages for reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and IFN type I-mediated signaling, and promotes an anti-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic gene signature in human macrophages. The acquisition of the 5-HT-dependent gene profile primarily depends on the 5-HT7R receptor and 5-HT7R-initiated PKA-dependent signaling. In line with the transcriptional results, 5-HT upregulates TGFβ1 production by human macrophages in an HTR7- and PKA-dependent manner, whereas the absence of Htr7 in vivo results in diminished macrophage infiltration and collagen deposition in a mouse model of skin fibrosis. Our results indicate that the anti-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic activity of 5-HT is primarily mediated through the 5-HT7R-PKA axis, and that 5-HT7R contributes to pathology in fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia Usategui
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miriam Simón-Fuentes
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concha Nieto
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor D Cuevas
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Vega
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Pablos
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
A systems medicine approach for finding target proteins affecting treatment outcomes in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183969. [PMID: 28892521 PMCID: PMC5593188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibody profiling with a systems medicine approach can help identify critical dysregulated signaling pathways (SPs) in cancers. In this way, immunoglobulins G (IgG) purified from the serum samples of 92 healthy controls, 10 pre-treated (PR) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients, and 20 NHL patients who underwent chemotherapy (PS) were screened with a phage-displayed random peptide library. Protein-protein interaction networks of the PR and PS groups were analyzed and visualized by Gephi. The results indicated AXIN2, SENP2, TOP2A, FZD6, NLK, HDAC2, HDAC1, and EHMT2, in addition to CAMK2A, PLCG1, PLCG2, GRM5, GRIN2B, GRIN2D, CACNA2D3, and SPTAN1 as hubs in 11 and 7 modules of PR and PS networks, respectively. PR- and PS-specific hubs were evaluated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Reactome databases. The PR-specific hubs were involved in Wnt SP, signaling by Notch1 in cancer, telomere maintenance, and transcriptional misregulation. In contrast, glutamate receptor SP, Fc receptor-related pathways, growth factors-related SPs, and Wnt SP were statistically significant enriched pathways, based on the pathway analysis of PS hubs. The results revealed that the most PR-specific proteins were associated with events involved in tumor development, while chemotherapy in the PS group was associated with side effects of drugs and/or cancer recurrence. As the findings demonstrated, PR- and PS-specific proteins in this study can be promising therapeutic targets in future studies.
Collapse
|
24
|
Alexandraki KI, Philippou A, Boutzios G, Theohari I, Koutsilieris M, Delladetsima IK, Kaltsas GA. IGF-IEc expression is increased in secondary compared to primary foci in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Oncotarget 2017; 8:79003-79011. [PMID: 29108282 PMCID: PMC5668015 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Different Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA transcripts are produced by alternative splicing and particularly the IGF-IEc isoform has been implicated in the development and/or progression of various types of cancer. In the present study, we examined the potential role of IGF-IEc expression as a new immunohistochemical marker of aggressiveness in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). We utilized immunohistochemical analysis in tissue specimens of 47 patients with NENs, to evaluate the expression of IGF-IEc (%) and Ki-67 proliferation index (%). Specimens from patients with tumors of different tissue origin, of either primary or metastatic lesions and of different grade were examined. Cytoplasmic IGF-IEc staining was found in 23 specimens of NENs or NECs: 10 pancreatic, 4 small bowel, 3 gastric, 1 lung, 1 uterine and 4 poorly differentiated of unknown primary origin. Ki-67 and IGF-IEc expression was positively correlated in all the samples studied (r=0.31, p=0.03). IGF-1Ec expression was more prevalent in specimens originating from metastatic foci with high Ki-67 compared to primary sites with low Ki-67 expression (p=0.036). These findings suggest a possible role of IGF-IEc in NEN tumorigenesis and progression to metastases that could be used as an additional new marker of a more aggressive behavior and a potential drugable target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystallenia I Alexandraki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Boutzios
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Irini Theohari
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Gregory A Kaltsas
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liver 5-HT7 receptors: A novel regulator target of fibrosis and inflammation-induced chronic liver injury in vivo and in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 43:227-235. [PMID: 28043031 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and liver fibrosis is strongly associated with HCC. Treatment options are limited, and preventive strategies should be developed. An important step in the beginning of liver fibrosis is a strong inflammatory response. 5-HT7 is the last recognized member of the serotonin receptor family and is expressed in both central nerve system and peripheral system and have a lot of functions like learning, memory, smooth muscular relaxation, in the control of circadian rhythms and thermoregulation, pain and migraine, schizophrenia, anxiety, cognitive disturbances, and even inflammation. METHODS We therefore examined the biochemical, histopathological and molecular effects of the 5-HT7 receptor agonist and antagonist on inflammatory liver fibrogenesis in animal models of progressive cirrhosis: a mouse model induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and in Hep3b cells. RESULTS 5-HT7 expression was observed in the liver in vivo and in vitro in CCl4-induced damage. 5-HT7 receptor agonist but not the antagonist reduced liver markers in mice and in Hep3b cells in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced damage. 5-HT7 agonist, but not antagonist, protected liver tissue from oxidative stress in fibrosis. 5-HT7 agonist but not antagonist induces anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrinotic and anti-cytokine features in liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS 5-HT7 receptors have modulatory function and are an up-and-coming pharmacological target in the inflammatory fibrotic process. 5-HT7 receptor agonist LP-44 showed significant hepatoprotective effects against liver fibrosis, and LP-44 might become a useful therapeutic target for chronic liver inflammation and fibrosis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Miller HC, Frampton AE, Malczewska A, Ottaviani S, Stronach EA, Flora R, Kaemmerer D, Schwach G, Pfragner R, Faiz O, Kos-Kudła B, Hanna GB, Stebbing J, Castellano L, Frilling A. MicroRNAs associated with small bowel neuroendocrine tumours and their metastases. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:711-26. [PMID: 27353039 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel molecular analytes are needed in small bowel neuroendocrine tumours (SBNETs) to better determine disease aggressiveness and predict treatment response. In this study, we aimed to profile the global miRNome of SBNETs, and identify microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in tumour progression for use as potential biomarkers. Two independent miRNA profiling experiments were performed (n=90), including primary SBNETs (n=28), adjacent normal small bowel (NSB; n=14), matched lymph node (LN) metastases (n=24), normal LNs (n=7), normal liver (n=2) and liver metastases (n=15). We then evaluated potentially targeted genes by performing integrated computational analyses. We discovered 39 miRNAs significantly deregulated in SBNETs compared with adjacent NSB. The most upregulated (miR-204-5p, miR-7-5p and miR-375) were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Two miRNAs (miR-1 and miR-143-3p) were significantly downregulated in LN and liver metastases compared with primary tumours. Furthermore, we identified upregulated gene targets for miR-1 and miR-143-3p in an existing SBNET dataset, which could contribute to disease progression, and show that these miRNAs directly regulate FOSB and NUAK2 oncogenes. Our study represents the largest global miRNA profiling of SBNETs using matched primary tumour and metastatic samples. We revealed novel miRNAs deregulated during SBNET disease progression, and important miRNA-mRNA interactions. These miRNAs have the potential to act as biomarkers for patient stratification and may also be able to guide treatment decisions. Further experiments to define molecular mechanisms and validate these miRNAs in larger tissue cohorts and in biofluids are now warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Miller
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Adam E Frampton
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Anna Malczewska
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK Department of Pathophysiology and EndocrinologySchool of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Silvia Ottaviani
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Euan A Stronach
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Rashpal Flora
- Department of HistopathologyImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daniel Kaemmerer
- Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbHRobert-Koch-Allee, Bad Berka, Germany
| | - Gert Schwach
- Institute of PathophysiologyCenter for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Roswitha Pfragner
- Institute of PathophysiologyCenter for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Beata Kos-Kudła
- Department of Pathophysiology and EndocrinologySchool of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - George B Hanna
- Academic Surgical UnitDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, St Mary's Campus, London, UK
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Department of Pathophysiology and EndocrinologySchool of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Leandro Castellano
- Department of Pathophysiology and EndocrinologySchool of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrea Frilling
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) constitute a heterogeneous group of tumours associated with variable clinical presentations, growth rates, and prognoses. To improve the management of GEP-NENs, the WHO developed a classification system that enables tumours to be graded based on markers of cell proliferation in biopsy specimens. Indeed, histopathology has been a mainstay in the diagnosis of GEP-NENs, and the WHO grading system facilitates therapeutic decision-making; however, considerable intratumoural heterogeneity, predominantly comprising regional variations in proliferation rates, complicates the evaluation of tumour biology. The use of molecular imaging modalities to delineate the most-aggressive cell populations is becoming more widespread. In addition, molecular profiling is increasingly undertaken in the clinical setting, and genomic studies have revealed a number of chromosomal alterations in GEP-NENs, although the 'drivers' of neoplastic development have not been identified. Thus, our molecular understanding of GEP-NENs remains insufficient to inform on patient prognosis or selection for treatments, and the WHO classification continues to form the basis for management of this disease. Nevertheless, our increasing understanding of the molecular genetics and biology of GEP-NENs has begun to expose flaws in the WHO classification. We describe the current understanding of the molecular characteristics of GEP-NENs, and discuss how advances in molecular profiling measurements, including assays of circulating mRNAs, are likely to influence the management of these tumours.
Collapse
|
28
|
Tzirogiannis KN, Kourentzi KT, Zyga S, Papalimneou V, Tsironi M, Grypioti AD, Protopsaltis I, Panidis D, Panoutsopoulos GI. Effect of 5-HT7 receptor blockade on liver regeneration after 60-70% partial hepatectomy. BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:201. [PMID: 25433672 PMCID: PMC4267430 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-014-0201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Serotonin exhibits a vast repertoire of actions including cell
proliferation and differentiation. The effect of serotonin, as an incomplete
mitogen, on liver regeneration has recently been unveiled and is mediated through
5-HT2 receptor. The aim of the present study was to
investigate the effect of 5-HT7 receptor blockade on liver
regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Methods Male Wistar rats were subjected to 60-70% partial hepatectomy.
5-HT7 receptor blockade was applied by intraperitoneal
administration of SB-269970 hydrochloride two hours prior to and sixteen hours
after partial hepatectomy and by intraperitoneal administration of SB-258719
sixteen hours after partial hepatectomy. Animals were sacrificed at different time
points until 72 h after partial hepatectomy. Liver regeneration was evaluated by
[3H]-thymidine incorporation into hepatic DNA, the
mitotic index in hematoxylin-eosin (HE) sections and by immunochemical detection
of Ki67 nuclear antigen. Reversion of 5-HT7 blockade was
performed by intraperitoneal administration of AS-19. Serum and liver tissue
lipids were also quantified. Results Liver regeneration peaked at 24 h
([3H]-thymidine incorporation into hepatic DNA and
mitotic index by immunochemical detection of Ki67) and at 32 h (mitotic index in
HE sections) in the control group of rats. 5-HT7 receptor
blockade had no effect on liver regeneration when applied 2 h prior to partial
hepatectomy. Liver regeneration was greatly attenuated when blockade of
5-HT7 receptor was applied (by SB-258719 and SB-269970)
at 16 h after partial hepatectomy and peaked at 32 h
([3H]-thymidine incorporation into hepatic DNA and
mitotic index by immunochemical detection of Ki67) and 40 h (mitotic index in HE
sections) after partial hepatectomy. AS-19 administration totally reversed the
observed attenuation of liver regeneration. Conclusions In conclusion, 5-HT7 receptor is a novel type
of serotonin receptor implicated in hepatocyte proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalliopi T Kourentzi
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical School, Athens University, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Sofia Zyga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, 23100, Greece.
| | | | - Maria Tsironi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, 23100, Greece.
| | - Agni D Grypioti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical School, Athens University, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Protopsaltis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tzanio General Hospital of Piraeus, Piraeus, 18537, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Panidis
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, 23100, Greece.
| | - Georgios I Panoutsopoulos
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Orthias Artemidos and Plateon, Sparta, 23100, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Serotonin modulation of macrophage polarization: inflammation and beyond. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 824:89-115. [PMID: 25038996 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-07320-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages display a ample plethora of effector functions whose acquisition is promoted by the surrounding cytokine and cellular environment. Depending on the stimulus, macrophages become specialized ("polarized") for either pathogen elimination, tissue repair and wound healing or immunosuppression. This "polarization" versatility allows macrophages to critically contribute to tissue homeostasis, as they promote initiation and resolution of inflammatory responses. As a consequence, deregulation of the tissue macrophage polarization balance is an etiological agent of chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, cancer and even obesity and insulin resistance. In the present review we describe current concepts on the molecular basis and the patho-physiological implications of macrophage polarization, and describe its modulation by serotonin (5-HT), a neurotransmitter that regulates inflammation and tissue repair via a large set of receptors (5-HTR1-7). 5-HT modulates the phenotypic and functional polarization of macrophages, and contributes to the maintenance of an anti-inflammatory state mainly via 5-HTR2B and 5-HTR7, whose activation has a great impact on macrophage gene expression profile. The identification of 5-HTR2B and 5-HTR7 as functionally-relevant polarization markers suggests their therapeutic value in inflammatory pathologies as well as their potential involvement in linking the immune and nervous systems.
Collapse
|
30
|
Svejda B, Kidd M, Timberlake A, Harry K, Kazberouk A, Schimmack S, Lawrence B, Pfragner R, Modlin IM. Serotonin and the 5-HT7 receptor: the link between hepatocytes, IGF-1 and small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:844-55. [PMID: 23578138 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived serotonin (5-HT) is involved in liver regeneration. The liver is also the metastatic site for malignant enterochromaffin (EC) cell "carcinoid" (neuroendocrine) neoplasms, the principal cellular source of 5-HT. We hypothesized that 5-HT produced by metastatic EC cells played a role in the hepatic tumor-microenvironment principally via 5-HT₇ receptor-mediated activation of hepatocyte IGF-1 synthesis and secretion. Using isolated rat hepatocytes, we evaluated 5-HT₇ receptor expression (using PCR, sequencing and western blot). ELISA, cell transfection and western blots delineated 5-HT-mediated signaling pathways (pCREB, AKT and ERK). IGF-1 synthesis/secretion was evaluated using QPCR and ELISA. IGF-1 was tested on small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm proliferation, while IGF-1 production and 5-HT₇ expression were examined in an in vivo SCID metastasis model. Our results demonstrated evidence for a functional 5-HT₇ receptor. 5-HT activated cAMP/PKA activity, pCREB (130-205%, P < 0.05) and pERK/pAKT (1.2-1.75, P < 0.05). Signaling was reversed by the 5-HT₇ receptor antagonist SB269970. IGF-1 significantly stimulated proliferation of two small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm cell lines (EC₅₀: 7-70 pg/mL) and could be reversed by the small molecule inhibitor BMS-754807. IGF-1 and 5-HT were elevated (40-300×) in peri-tumoral hepatic tissue in nude mice, while 5-HT₇ was increased fourfold compared to sham-operated animals. We conclude that hepatocytes express a cAMP-coupled 5-HT₇ receptor, which, at elevated 5-HT concentrations that occur in liver metastases, signals via CREB/AKT and is linked to IGF-1 synthesis and secretion. Because IGF-1 regulates NEN proliferation, identification of a role for 5-HT₇ in the hepatic metastatic tumor microenvironment suggests the potential for novel therapeutic strategies for amine-producing mid-gut tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Svejda
- Gastrointestinal Pathobiology Research Group, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|