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Zalewski M, Byrd AL, Vine V, Hernandez AC, Stepp SD. Maternal suicide risk predicts preschooler emotional and behavioral problems. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115969. [PMID: 38772159 PMCID: PMC11189097 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Maternal history of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) has been identified as a robust risk factor for offspring emotional and behavioral problems, including risk for offspring STBs. The impact of maternal history of STBs has been well-documented in adolescent and young adult samples, with emerging research highlighting the need to examine early clinical correlates of risk in young children, prior to the emergence of STBs. In an extension of prior work, the current study examined associations between maternal history of STBs and previously identified emotional and behavioral correlates of STBs (negative affect, internalizing problems, attention problems, aggressive behavior) in young children. These associations were examined in a mother-preschooler sample (n = 158, mean preschooler age=41.52 months) with approximately half of mothers endorsing a history of STBs and 20 % of the sample scoring at the threshold that indicates suicide risk. In multivariate models, maternal history of STBs was significantly associated with preschooler aggressive behavior, assessed via mother- (β=0.19) and teacher-report (β=0.21), as well as mother-reported negative affect (β=0.22). Results document a link between maternal history of STBs and increased risk for heightened negative affect and aggressive behavior at home and school during the sensitive preschool period. Findings are discussed within the context of enhancing models of intergenerational transmission suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy L Byrd
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Vera Vine
- Queens University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | - Stephanie D Stepp
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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2
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Rigato S, Vrticka P, Stets M, Holmboe K. Mother-infant interaction characteristics associate with infant falling reactivity and child peer problems at pre-school age. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302661. [PMID: 38833457 PMCID: PMC11149888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This longitudinal study investigated the associations between mother-infant interaction characteristics at 9 months of age, maternal mental health, infant temperament in the first year postpartum, and child behaviour at 3 years of age. The infants (N = 54, 22 females) mainly had White British ethnic backgrounds (85.7%). Results showed that i) mother-infant dyadic affective mutuality positively correlated with infant falling reactivity, suggesting that better infant regulatory skills are associated with the dyad's ability to share and understand each other's emotions; and ii) maternal respect for infant autonomy predicted fewer child peer problems at 3 years of age, suggesting that maternal respect for the validity of the infant's individuality promotes better social and emotional development in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rigato
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Brain Science, University of Essex, Colchester, England
| | - Pascal Vrticka
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Brain Science, University of Essex, Colchester, England
| | - Manuela Stets
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Brain Science, University of Essex, Colchester, England
| | - Karla Holmboe
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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3
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Zerrouk M, Ravigopal T, Bell MA. Assessing anxiety problems in a community sample during toddlerhood: The impact of child temperament and maternal intrusiveness. Infant Behav Dev 2024; 75:101932. [PMID: 38492253 PMCID: PMC11162957 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2024.101932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Previous research indicates that child temperament and maternal behaviors are related to internalizing behaviors in children. We assessed whether maternal intrusiveness (MI) observed at 10-months would moderate the impact of temperamental fear and the impact of inhibitory control (IC) at 24 months on anxiety problems at 36 months. A mother-child interaction task was coded for MI. Behavioral tasks were given to assess children's IC. Parents completed questionnaires about their children's temperamental fear and anxiety problems. Results showed that greater temperamental fear reported at 24 months predicted greater anxiety problems reported at 36 months, regardless of MI levels. Lower levels of IC at 24 months predicted more anxiety problems reported at 36 months when children experienced greater MI. These findings illustrate the importance of examining both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, independently and interactively, that contribute to children's anxiety problems in toddlerhood.
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Alves CRL, Seibel BL, Gaspardo CM, Altafim ERP, Linhares MBM. Home-visiting Parenting Programs to Improve Mother-Infant Interactions at Early Ages: A Systematic Review. PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTION 2024; 33:117-132. [PMID: 38706711 PMCID: PMC11066812 DOI: 10.5093/pi2024a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review studies examining the effects of home-visiting preventive parenting programs (HV-PPs) on improving the quality of mother-child interactions in early childhood. Method: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol, we identified 3,586 studies published between 2018 and 2022 by searching the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, BVS/LILACS, SciELO, and PsycNET/PsycINFO. After applying the eligibility criteria, 17 articles were selected for review. Results: Most studies were conducted in high-income countries (53%) and the remainder were conducted in upper-middle-income countries, predominantly using a randomized controlled trial design and with strong methodological quality. The 17 studies applied 13 different HV-PPs, predominantly using video feedback, based on various dosages and schedules. Most studies (77%) showed significant positive effects on mother-child interactions by improving mainly positive maternal behaviors (e.g., sensitivity and responsiveness). Positive effects occurred independent of the study design, sample characteristics, measures, and constructs assessed. However, the findings suggest that the combination of fewer than six sessions, durations shorter than three months, and a very early start did not impact mother-child interactions, as expected. Few studies have explored negative maternal behaviors, children's behaviors, and dyadic interactions such as mutuality and synchrony. Conclusions: HV-PPs positively impacted mother-child interactions in early childhood despite the large heterogeneity across program designs, outcome measures, and overlapping constructs. Based on the results, we discuss the practical and economic implications of using parenting programs as a preventive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R. L. Alves
- Federal University of Minas GeraisBrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Bruna L. Seibel
- Federal University of Rio GrandeBrazilFederal University of Rio Grande, Brazil;
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Xu X, Buzzell GA, Bowers ME, Shuffrey LC, Leach SC, McSweeney M, Yoder L, Fifer WP, Myers MM, Elliott AJ, Fox NA, Morales S. Electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control in children: Relations with prenatal maternal risk factors and child psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38654404 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitory control plays an important role in children's cognitive and socioemotional development, including their psychopathology. It has been established that contextual factors such as socioeconomic status (SES) and parents' psychopathology are associated with children's inhibitory control. However, the relations between the neural correlates of inhibitory control and contextual factors have been rarely examined in longitudinal studies. In the present study, we used both event-related potential (ERP) components and time-frequency measures of inhibitory control to evaluate the neural pathways between contextual factors, including prenatal SES and maternal psychopathology, and children's behavioral and emotional problems in a large sample of children (N = 560; 51.75% females; Mage = 7.13 years; Rangeage = 4-11 years). Results showed that theta power, which was positively predicted by prenatal SES and was negatively related to children's externalizing problems, mediated the longitudinal and negative relation between them. ERP amplitudes and latencies did not mediate the longitudinal association between prenatal risk factors (i.e., prenatal SES and maternal psychopathology) and children's internalizing and externalizing problems. Our findings increase our understanding of the neural pathways linking early risk factors to children's psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Xu
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Cortland, Cortland, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George A Buzzell
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Center for Children and Families, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maureen E Bowers
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lauren C Shuffrey
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie C Leach
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Marco McSweeney
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lydia Yoder
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - William P Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael M Myers
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy J Elliott
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Nathan A Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Santiago Morales
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Beebe B, Abdurokhmonova G, Lee SH, Dougalis G, Champagne F, Rauh V, Algermissen M, Herbstman J, Margolis AE. Mother-infant self- and interactive contingency at four months and infant cognition at one year: A view from microanalysis. Infant Behav Dev 2024; 74:101920. [PMID: 38237345 PMCID: PMC10956369 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Although a considerable literature documents associations between early mother-infant interaction and cognitive outcomes in the first years of life, few studies examine the contributions of contingently coordinated mother-infant interaction to infant cognitive development. This study examined associations between the temporal dynamics of the contingent coordination of mother-infant face-to-face interaction at 4 months and cognitive performance on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at age one year in a sample of (N = 100) Latina mother-infant pairs. Split-screen videotaped interactions were coded on a one second time base for the communication modalities of infant and mother gaze and facial affect, infant vocal affect, and mother touch. Multi-level time-series models evaluated self- and interactive contingent processes in these modalities and revealed 4-month patterns of interaction associated with higher one-year cognitive performance, not identified in prior studies. Infant and mother self-contingency, the moment-to-moment probability that the individual's prior behavior predicts the individual's future behavior, was the most robust measure associated with infant cognitive performance. Self-contingency findings showed that more varying infant behavior was optimal for higher infant cognitive performance, namely, greater modulation of negative affect; more stable maternal behavior was optimal for higher infant cognitive performance, namely, greater likelihood of sustaining positive facial affect. Although interactive contingency findings were sparse, they showed that, when mothers looked away, or dampened their faces to interest or mild negative facial affect, infants with higher 12-month cognitive performance were less likely to show negative vocal affect. We suggest that infant ability to modulate negative affect, and maternal ability to sustain positive affect, may be mutually reinforcing, together creating a dyadic climate that is associated with more optimal infant cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Beebe
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Gavkhar Abdurokhmonova
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10032, USA; The Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NJ, 10962, USA, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Georgios Dougalis
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Frances Champagne
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Virginia Rauh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Molly Algermissen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Julie Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Amy E Margolis
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Deng L, He WZ, Zhang QL, Wei L, Dai Y, Liu YQ, Chen ZL, Ren T, Zhang LL, Gong JB, Li F. Caregiver-child interaction as an effective tool for identifying autism spectrum disorder: evidence from EEG analysis. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:138. [PMID: 38098032 PMCID: PMC10722789 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects individuals across their lifespan. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes. However, current diagnostic methods are often time-consuming, and costly, making them inaccessible to many families. In the current study, we aim to test caregiver-child interaction as a potential tool for screening children with ASD in clinic. METHODS We enrolled 85 preschool children (Mean age: 4.90 ± 0.65 years, 70.6% male), including ASD children with or without developmental delay (DD), and typical development (TD) children, along with their caregivers. ASD core symptoms were evaluated by Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Calibrated Severity Scores (ADOS-CSS). Behavioral indicators were derived from video encoding of caregiver-child interaction, including social involvement of children (SIC), interaction time (IT), response of children to social cues (RSC), time for caregiver initiated social interactions (GIS) and time for children initiated social interactions (CIS)). Power spectral density (PSD) values were calculated by EEG signals simultaneously recorded. Partial Pearson correlation analysis was used in both ASD groups to investigate the correlation among behavioral indicators scores and ASD symptom severity and PSD values. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to describe the discrimination accuracy of behavioral indicators. RESULTS Compared to TD group, both ASD groups demonstrated significant lower scores of SIC, IT, RSC, CIS (all p values < 0.05), and significant higher time for GIS (all p values < 0.01). SIC scores negatively correlated with CARS (p = 0.006) and ADOS-CSS (p = 0.023) in the ASD with DD group. Compared to TD group, PSD values elevated in ASD groups (all p values < 0.05), and was associated with SIC (theta band: p = 0.005; alpha band: p = 0.003) but not IQ levels. SIC was effective in identifying both ASD groups (sensitivity/specificity: ASD children with DD, 76.5%/66.7%; ASD children without DD, 82.6%/82.2%). CONCLUSION Our results verified the behavioral paradigm of caregiver-child interaction as an efficient tool for early ASD screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric and Child Primary Care & Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wei-Zhong He
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Qing-Li Zhang
- Ministry of Education - Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling Wei
- College of Medical Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Dai
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric and Child Primary Care & Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu-Qi Liu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric and Child Primary Care & Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zi-Lin Chen
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric and Child Primary Care & Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tai Ren
- Ministry of Education - Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lin-Li Zhang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric and Child Primary Care & Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jing-Bo Gong
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200335, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric and Child Primary Care & Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Ramos C, Pereira AF, Feher A, Baptista J. How does sensitivity influence early executive function? A critical review on hot and cool processes. Infant Behav Dev 2023; 73:101895. [PMID: 37856950 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that the quality of caregiver-child interactions during toddlerhood and the preschool years supports the development of executive function (EF) (Bernier et al., 2010; 2015; 2016; Fay-Stammbach et al., 2014; Geeraerts et al., 2021). Based on such findings, we make the case herein that sensitivity may be one of the most important dimensions of parenting contributing to early EF. In the present article, we will review empirical evidence, integrating findings from a wide range of scientific disciplines - cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and developmental psychopathology - and present theoretical ideas about how two contexts of sensitive caregiving - i.e. sensitivity to distress and non-distress cues - may be contributing differently to hot and cool EF development. Implications for future investigations on the environmental contributors of early EF, and its mechanisms, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Ramos
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Alfredo F Pereira
- NOVA School of Science and Technology, Center of Technology and Systems (UNINOVA-CTS), NOVA University Lisbon.
| | - Amber Feher
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana Baptista
- Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, CIS-Iscte, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Weiss SJ, Goodman SH, Kidd SA, Owen MT, Simeonova DI, Kim CY, Cooper B, Rosenblum KL, Muzik M. Unique Characteristics of Women and Infants Moderate the Association between Depression and Mother-Infant Interaction. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5503. [PMID: 37685568 PMCID: PMC10487744 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has shown mixed results regarding the association between women's postpartum depression and mother-infant interactions, suggesting that a woman's unique experience and context may moderate how depression shapes these interactions. We examined the extent to which a woman's comorbid anxiety, her exposure to adversity, and infant characteristics moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms of women and interactions with their infants at 6 (n = 647) and 12 months (n = 346) postpartum. The methods included standardized coding of mother-infant interactions and structural regression modeling. The results at 6 months of infant age indicated that infant male sex and infant negative affectivity were risk factors for mothers' depression being associated with less optimal interactions. At 12 months of infant age, two moderators appeared to buffer the influence of depression: a woman's history of trauma and infant preterm birth (≤37 weeks gestation). The results reinforce the salience of infant characteristics in the relationship between maternal depression and mother-infant interactions. The findings also suggest that experiences of trauma may offer opportunities for psychological growth that foster constructive management of depression's potential effect on mother-infant interactions. Further research is needed to clarify the underlying processes and mechanisms that explain the influence of these moderators. The ultimate goals are to reduce the risk of suboptimal interactions and reinforce healthy dyadic relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra J. Weiss
- Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | | | - Sharon A. Kidd
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Margaret Tresch Owen
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA;
| | - Diana I. Simeonova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Christine Youngwon Kim
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Bruce Cooper
- Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Katherine L. Rosenblum
- Departments of Psychiatry and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.L.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Muzik
- Departments of Psychiatry and Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (K.L.R.); (M.M.)
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10
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Bruce M, Ermanni B, Bell MA. The longitudinal contributions of child language, negative emotionality, and maternal positive affect on toddler executive functioning development. Infant Behav Dev 2023; 72:101847. [PMID: 37300924 PMCID: PMC10527090 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Executive functions (EF) develop rapidly across early childhood and play a prominent role in promoting adaptive outcomes later in development. Although the existing literature suggests that the development of early EF is sensitive to the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, limited research has examined the joint contributions of multiple child and contextual factors in infancy/toddlerhood. The purpose of our longitudinal study was therefore to identify early environmental, behavioral, biologically-based factors that influence children's EF outcomes in late toddlerhood. Participants included 409 mother-child dyads (209 girls) and the data was collected across children's first three postnatal years. Parent-report measures were used to assess infant negative affectivity (5-months; IBQ-R) and toddler language (age 2; MCDI), and both maternal positive affect (5-months) and toddler frustration (age 2) were coded during mother-child interaction tasks. A battery of behavioral tasks was used to measure child EF in late toddlerhood (age 3). After controlling for maternal education (a proxy for children's socio-economic environment), path analysis indicated that both infant and maternal affect at 5-months directly predicted toddlers' language skills and frustration expression at age 2. Toddler language (but not frustration) also predicted child performance on multiple EF tasks at age 3. Finally, 5-month infant and maternal affect indirectly predicted age 3 EF via age 2 language. Our results identify language as a mechanism through which children's early caregiving environment influences their EF development. Taken together, these findings illustrate the importance of applying a biopsychosocial perspective to the examination of early childhood EF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Bruce
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Briana Ermanni
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Martha Ann Bell
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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11
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Soltani Kouhbanani S, Arabi SM, Zarenezhad S. Does the Frontal Brain Electrical Activity Mediate the Effect of Home Executive Function Environment and Screen Time on Children's Executive Function? J Genet Psychol 2023; 184:430-445. [PMID: 37335540 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2023.2223653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Executive functions play an important role in various developmental aspects of children; however, environmental factors influencing individual differences in children's executive function and their neural substructures, particularly in middle childhood, are rarely investigated. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between the home executive function environment (HEFE) and screen time with the executive function of children aged 8-12 years by employing the mediating variables of alpha, beta, and theta waves. The parents of 133 normal children completed Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning, HEFE, and Screen Time Scales. Alpha, beta, and theta brain waves were also measured. Data were examined using correlational and path analysis. The results suggested a positive and significant relationship between home executive functions and the executive functions of children. Furthermore, the results indicated an inverse and significant relationship between screen time and executive function. The results also proved the mediating role of alpha, beta, and theta brain waves in the relationship between screen time and the children's executive function. Environmental factors (such as home environment and screen time) affect the function of brain waves and, thus, the daily executive function of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Soltani Kouhbanani
- Department of Educational Sciences, Educational Sciences and Psychology Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Manizheh Arabi
- Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Zarenezhad
- Department of Educational Sciences, Educational Sciences and Psychology Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Brandes-Aitken A, Pini N, Weatherhand M, Brito NH. Maternal hair cortisol predicts periodic and aperiodic infant frontal EEG activity longitudinally across infancy. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22393. [PMID: 37338255 PMCID: PMC10316429 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Maternal stress is known to be an important factor in shaping child development, yet the complex pattern of associations between stress and infant brain development remains understudied. To better understand the nuanced relations between maternal stress and infant neurodevelopment, research investigating longitudinal relations between maternal chronic physiological stress and infant brain function is warranted. In this study, we leveraged longitudinal data to disentangle between- from within-person associations of maternal hair cortisol and frontal electroencephalography (EEG) power at three time points across infancy at 3, 9, and 15 months. We analyzed both aperiodic power spectral density (PSD) slope and traditional periodic frequency band activity. On the within-person level, maternal hair cortisol was associated with a flattening of frontal PSD slope and an increase in relative frontal beta. However, on the between-person level, higher maternal hair cortisol was associated with steeper frontal PSD slope, increased relative frontal theta, and decreased relative frontal beta. The within-person findings may reflect an adaptive neural response to relative shifts in maternal stress levels, while the between-person results demonstrate the potentially detrimental effects of chronically elevated maternal stress. This analysis offers a novel, quantitative insight into the relations between maternal physiological stress and infant cortical function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolò Pini
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Natalie H. Brito
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Burger M, Einspieler C, Jordaan ER, Unger M, Niehaus DJH. Persistent Maternal Mental Health Disorders and Toddler Neurodevelopment at 18 Months: Longitudinal Follow-up of a Low-Income South African Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6192. [PMID: 37372776 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest threats to early childhood development in Africa is poor maternal mental health. The present study reports on the relationships between clinical diagnoses of persistent maternal mental health disorders (at 3- and/or 6- and 18-month post-term age) and toddler neurodevelopment at 18 months of age. Eighty-three mother-toddler dyads from low socio-economic status settings in Cape Town, South Africa, were included. At the 3-, 6- and 18-month postnatal visits, clinician-administered structured diagnostic assessments were carried out according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V (DSM-V) criteria. Toddler neurodevelopment at 18 months corrected age was assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between toddlers with exposure to persistent mood or psychotic disorders in the different BSID-III domains compared to toddlers with no exposure. Toddlers exposed to persistent comorbid anxiety and mood disorders scored significantly higher on the cognitive (p = 0.049), motor (p = 0.013) and language (p = 0.041) domains and attained significantly higher fine motor (p = 0.043) and gross motor (p = 0.041) scaled scores compared to toddlers with no maternal mental health disorder exposure. Future investigations should focus on the role of protective factors to explain the pathways through which maternal mental health status is associated with positive toddler neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlette Burger
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy Division, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Christa Einspieler
- Research Unit iDN-Interdisciplinary Developmental Neuroscience, Division of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Esme R Jordaan
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7500, South Africa
- Statistics and Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Marianne Unger
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy Division, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Dana J H Niehaus
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
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14
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Moyano S, Rico-Picó J, Conejero Á, Hoyo Á, Ballesteros-Duperón MDLÁ, Rueda MR. Influence of the environment on the early development of attentional control. Infant Behav Dev 2023; 71:101842. [PMID: 37187034 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The control of visual attention is key to learning and has a foundational role in the development of self-regulated behavior. Basic attention control skills emerge early in life and show a protracted development along childhood. Prior research suggests that attentional development is influenced by environmental factors in early and late childhood. Although, much less information is available about the impact of the early environment on emerging endogenous attention skills during infancy. In the current study we aimed to test the impact of parental socioeconomic status (SES) and home environment (chaos) in the emerging control of orienting in a sample of typically-developing infants. A group of 142 (73 female) 6-month-old infants were longitudinally tested at 6, 9 (n = 122; 60 female) and 16-18 (n = 91; 50 female) months of age using the gap-overlap paradigm. Median saccade latency (mdSL) and disengagement failure (DF) were computed as dependent variables for both overlap and gap conditions. Also, composite scores for a Disengagement Cost Index (DCI) and Disengagement Failure Index (DFI) were computed considering mdSL and DF of each condition, respectively. Families reported SES and chaos in the first and last follow-up sessions. Using Linear Mixed Models with Maximum Likelihood estimation (ML) we found a longitudinal decrease in mdSL in the gap but not in the overlap condition, while DF decreased with age independently of the experimental condition. Concerning early environmental factors, an SES index, parental occupation and chaos at 6 months were found to show a negative correlation with DFI at 16-18 months, although in the former case it was only marginally significant. Hierarchical regression models implementing ML showed that both SES and chaos at 6 months significantly predicted a lower DFI at 16-18 months. Results show a longitudinal progression of endogenous orienting between infancy and toddlerhood. With age, an increased endogenous control of orienting is displayed in contexts where visual disengagement is facilitated. Visual orienting involving attention disengagement in contexts of visual competition do not show changes with age. Moreover, these attentional mechanisms of endogenous control seem to be modulated by early experiences of the individual with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Moyano
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Josué Rico-Picó
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ángela Conejero
- Department of Developmental & Educational Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ángela Hoyo
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - M Rosario Rueda
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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15
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Dunkel CS, van der Linden D, Kawamoto T. Maternal supportiveness is predictive of childhood general intelligence. INTELLIGENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2023.101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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16
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Dégeilh F, Leblanc É, Daneault V, Beauchamp MH, Bernier A. Longitudinal associations between mother-child attachment security in toddlerhood and white matter microstructure in late childhood: a preliminary investigation. Attach Hum Dev 2023; 25:291-310. [PMID: 36794390 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2023.2172437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Early childhood experiences are considered to influence the strength and effectiveness of neural connections and thus the development of brain connectivity. As one of the most pervasive and potent early relational experiences, parent-child attachment is a prime candidate to account for experience-driven differences in brain development. Yet, knowledge of the effects of parent-child attachment on brain structure in typically developing children is scarce and largely limited to grey matter, whereas caregiving influences on white matter (i.e. neural connections) have seldom been explored. This study examined whether normative variation in mother-child attachment security predicts white matter microstructure in late childhood and explored associations with cognitive-inhibition. Mother-child attachment security was assessed using home observations when children (N = 32, 20 girls) were 15 and 26 months old. White matter microstructure was assessed using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging when children were 10 years old. Child cognitive-inhibition was tested when children were 11 years old. Results revealed a negative association between mother-toddler attachment security and child white matter microstructure organization, which in turn related to better child cognitive-inhibition. While preliminary given the sample size, these findings add to the growing literature that suggests that rich and positive experiences are likely to decelerate brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Dégeilh
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Élizabel Leblanc
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Daneault
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Montreal Geriatric University Institute, Quebec, Canada.,Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Montreal Sacré-Coeur Hospital, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miriam H Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Annie Bernier
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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17
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Guittard C, Novo A, Eutrope J, Gower C, Barbe C, Bednarek N, Rolland AC, Caillies S, Loron G. Protocol for a prospective multicenter longitudinal randomized controlled trial (CALIN) of sensory-tonic stimulation to foster parent child interactions and social cognition in very premature infants. Front Pediatr 2023; 10:913396. [PMID: 36727004 PMCID: PMC9885178 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.913396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Premature birth is associated with long-term somatic and neurological disorders, including cognitive, social and behavioral impairments. Moreover, the mothers of infants born preterm exhibit a higher prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms after birth. Early rehabilitation, developmental care, and parenting support have already been shown to have a positive impact on neurological outcome. However, no randomized controlled study has so far assessed the effects on parenting and long-term neurological outcomes of proprioceptive stimulation to trigger positive brain plasticity in very preterm babies. The CALIN project will therefore investigate the impact of sensory-tonic stimulation (STS) of extremely preterm infants by their parents on child parent interactions, infants' morphological and functional brain development and subsequent cognition (including social cognition), and parents' anxiety and depressive symptoms in the postpartum period. Methods and analysis Infants born between 25 and 32 weeks of gestation will be randomly assigned to the "STS + Kangaroo care" or "Kangaroo care" group. The primary endpoint, child and parent interactions, will be rated at 12 months corrected age using the Coding Interactive Behavior system. Secondary endpoints include: 1/functional and anatomical brain maturation sequentially assessed during neonatal hospitalization using electroencephalogram (EEG), amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG), cranial ultrasound and MRI performed at term-corrected age, 2/social and cognitive outcomes assessed at 15 months, 2, 4 and 6 years, and 3/parents' anxiety and depressive symptoms assessed at 7 ± 1 weeks after birth, using dedicated questionnaires. Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the French Ethics Committee for the Protection of Persons on 18 October 2021. It is registered with the French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM; no. 2020-A00382-37). The registry number on ClinicalTrials.gov is NCT04380051.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Novo
- CHU Nantes, Département de Psychiatrie, Les Apsyades, Nantes, France
| | - Julien Eutrope
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, C2S, CHU Reims, Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Reims, France
| | - Corinne Gower
- CHU Reims, Unité d’Aide Méthodologique, Reims, France
| | - Coralie Barbe
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Research on Health University Department, C2S, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Bednarek
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CReSTIC, CHU Reims, Service de Médecine Néonatale et de Réanimation Pédiatrique, Reims, France
| | - Anne-Catherine Rolland
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, C2S, CHU Reims, Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Reims, France
| | | | - Gauthier Loron
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CReSTIC, CHU Reims, Service de Médecine Néonatale et de Réanimation Pédiatrique, Reims, France
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18
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Nolvi S, Merz EC, Kataja EL, Parsons CE. Prenatal Stress and the Developing Brain: Postnatal Environments Promoting Resilience. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 93:942-952. [PMID: 36870895 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heightened maternal stress during pregnancy is associated with atypical brain development and an elevated risk for psychopathology in offspring. Supportive environments during early postnatal life may promote brain development and reverse atypical developmental trajectories induced by prenatal stress. We reviewed studies focused on the role of key early environmental factors in moderating associations between prenatal stress exposure and infant brain and neurocognitive outcomes. Specifically, we focused on the associations between parental caregiving quality, environmental enrichment, social support, and socioeconomic status with infant brain and neurocognitive outcomes. We examined the evidence that these factors may moderate the effects of prenatal stress on the developing brain. Complementing findings from translational models, human research suggests that high-quality early postnatal environments are associated with indices of infant neurodevelopment that have also been associated with prenatal stress, such as hippocampal volume and frontolimbic connectivity. Human studies also suggest that maternal sensitivity and higher socioeconomic status may attenuate the effects of prenatal stress on established neurocognitive and neuroendocrine mediators of risk for psychopathology, such as hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning. Biological pathways that may underlie the effects of positive early environments on the infant brain, including the epigenome, oxytocin, and inflammation, are also discussed. Future research in humans should examine resilience-promoting processes in relation to infant brain development using large sample sizes and longitudinal designs. The findings from this review could be incorporated into clinical models of risk and resilience during the perinatal period and used to design more effective early programs that reduce risk for psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Nolvi
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Center for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Emily C Merz
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Eeva-Leena Kataja
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Center for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Christine E Parsons
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Interacting Minds Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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19
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Park S, Oh W, Kim Y, Kim HK, Mastergeorge AM. Longitudinal trajectories of maternal parenting stress in Korean families: Children's executive function and school adjustment. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SuJung Park
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USA
| | - Wonjung Oh
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USA
| | - Yunhee Kim
- National Youth Policy Institute Sejong Korea
| | - Hyoun K. Kim
- Department of Child & Family Studies Yonsei University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ann M. Mastergeorge
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USA
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20
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Bruce M, McFayden TC, Ollendick TH, Bell MA. Expressive language in infancy and toddlerhood: The roles of child temperament and maternal parenting behaviors. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22287. [PMID: 35748624 PMCID: PMC9328282 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Prompt, appropriate, and contingent maternal behaviors play a role in early language acquisition, as do individual differences in children's temperament. However, little work has investigated the combined influence of maternal psychosocial and child biological factors on expressive language development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concurrent and longitudinal contributions of responsive/intrusive parenting and child temperament to multiple expressive language outcomes at 10 and 24 months of age. Participants included 407 mothers and children (209 girls). Mothers completed questionnaires about their infant's temperament and language, and maternal parenting was coded during mother–child interaction tasks. Dependent variables included (1) gestures at 10 months, (2) vocabulary at 24 months, (3) mean length of utterance at 24 months, and (4) sentence complexity at 24 months. After controlling for child sex and maternal education, child temperament was associated with language outcomes at 10 and 24 months, whereas intrusive, but not responsive, parenting related to only 24 month language outcomes. Longitudinally, infant negative affectivity predicted sentence complexity in toddlerhood. These findings elucidate the presence of both psychological and biological predictors as they differentially influence various aspects of expressive language development across the first two postnatal years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Bruce
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Tyler C McFayden
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Martha Ann Bell
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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21
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Robakis TK, Roth MC, King LS, Humphreys KL, Ho M, Zhang X, Chen Y, Li T, Rasgon NL, Watson KT, Urban AE, Gotlib IH. Maternal attachment insecurity, maltreatment history, and depressive symptoms are associated with broad DNA methylation signatures in infants. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3306-3315. [PMID: 35577912 PMCID: PMC9666564 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01592-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The early environment, including maternal characteristics, provides many cues to young organisms that shape their long-term physical and mental health. Identifying the earliest molecular events that precede observable developmental outcomes could help identify children in need of support prior to the onset of physical and mental health difficulties. In this study, we examined whether mothers' attachment insecurity, maltreatment history, and depressive symptoms were associated with alterations in DNA methylation patterns in their infants, and whether these correlates in the infant epigenome were associated with socioemotional and behavioral functioning in toddlerhood. We recruited 156 women oversampled for histories of depression, who completed psychiatric interviews and depression screening during pregnancy, then provided follow-up behavioral data on their children at 18 months. Buccal cell DNA was obtained from 32 of their infants for a large-scale analysis of methylation patterns across 5 × 106 individual CpG dinucleotides, using clustering-based significance criteria to control for multiple comparisons. We found that tens of thousands of individual infant CpGs were alternatively methylated in association with maternal attachment insecurity, maltreatment in childhood, and antenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms, including genes implicated in developmental patterning, cell-cell communication, hormonal regulation, immune function/inflammatory response, and neurotransmission. Density of DNA methylation at selected genes from the result set was also significantly associated with toddler socioemotional and behavioral problems. This is the first report to identify novel regions of the human infant genome at which DNA methylation patterns are associated longitudinally both with maternal characteristics and with offspring socioemotional and behavioral problems in toddlerhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalia K Robakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Marissa C Roth
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lucy S King
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn L Humphreys
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marcus Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xianglong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Natalie L Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen T Watson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexander E Urban
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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22
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Brito NH, Werchan D, Brandes-Aitken A, Yoshikawa H, Greaves A, Zhang M. Paid maternal leave is associated with infant brain function at 3 months of age. Child Dev 2022; 93:1030-1043. [PMID: 35373346 PMCID: PMC9892990 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The first months of life are critical for establishing neural connections relevant for social and cognitive development. Yet, the United States lacks a national policy of paid family leave during this important period of brain development. This study examined associations between paid leave and infant electroencephalography (EEG) at 3 months in a sociodemographically diverse sample of families from New York City (N = 80; 53 males; 48% Latine; data collection occurred 05/2018-12/2019). Variable-centered regression results indicate that paid leave status was related to differences in EEG power (ps < .02, R2 s > .12). Convergent results from person-centered latent profile analyses demonstrate that mothers with paid leave were 7.39 times as likely to have infants with EEG profiles characterized by increased higher-Hz power (95% CI, 1.9-36.9), potentially reflecting more mature patterns of brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie H. Brito
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Denise Werchan
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Hirokazu Yoshikawa
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashley Greaves
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maggie Zhang
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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23
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Underwood JJ, Gartstein MA. Investigating the links between parent–child interactions and context-specific electroencephalography asymmetry: Neurophysiology behind a frustrating task. J Exp Child Psychol 2022; 218:105375. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Kim YH. Maternal Responsive Parenting Trajectories From Birth to Age 3 and Children's Self-Esteem at First Grade. Front Psychol 2022; 13:870669. [PMID: 35572234 PMCID: PMC9096869 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.870669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper examines the quality and stability of the responsive parenting practices of mothers with infants and the longitudinal links between these practices and children’s self-esteem. Using data presented by the Panel Study on Korean Children, this study identified Korean mothers’ responsive parenting trajectories from birth to age three and examined their associations with children’s self-esteem at first grade. Korean mothers developed one of three responsive parenting patterns from birth to age three: low (19.0%), moderate (66.0%), or high (15.0%). Children’s self-esteem differed according to their mother’s responsive parenting trajectory. First-graders with mothers displaying the low responsive parenting trajectory were more likely to have lower self-esteem than children of mothers with the moderate responsive parenting trajectory and children of mothers with the high responsive parenting trajectory. The longitudinal link between mother-reported responsive parenting patterns during infancy and child-reported self-esteem at first grade was verified. This finding highlights the significance of early responsive parenting from mothers as a predictor of the self-esteem of children in later developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ha Kim
- Department of Child and Family Studies, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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25
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Rebello K, Moura LM, Bueno APA, Picon FA, Pan PM, Gadelha A, Miguel EC, Bressan RA, Rohde LA, Sato JR. Associations between Family Functioning and Maternal Behavior on Default Mode Network Connectivity in School-Age Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106055. [PMID: 35627592 PMCID: PMC9141331 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Most early children's experiences will occur in a family context; therefore, the quality of this environment is critical for development outcomes. Not many studies have assessed the correlations between brain functional connectivity (FC) in important areas such as the default mode network (DMN) and the quality of parent-child relationships in school-age children and early adolescence. The quality of family relationships and maternal behavior have been suggested to modulate DMN FC once they act as external regulators of children's affect and behavior. Objective: We aimed to test the associations between the quality of family environment/maternal behavior and FC within the DMN of school-age children. Method: Resting-state, functional magnetic resonance imaging data, were collected from 615 children (6-12 age range) enrolled in the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort (HRC) study. We assessed DMN intra-connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and inferior parietal lobule (IPL-bilateral) regions. The family functioning was assessed by levels of family cohesiveness and conflict and by maternal behavior styles such as maternal responsiveness, maternal stimulus to the child's autonomy, and maternal overprotection. The family environment was assessed with the Family Environment Scale (FES), and maternal behavior was assessed by the mother's self-report. Results: We found that the quality of the family environment was correlated with intra-DMN FC. The more conflicting the family environment was, the greater the FC between the mPFC-left IPL (lIPL), while a more cohesive family functioning was negatively correlated with FC between the PCC-lIPL. On the other hand, when moderated by a positive maternal behavior, cohesive family functioning was associated with increased FC in both regions of the DMN (mPFC-lIPL and PCC-lIPL). Conclusions: Our results highlight that the quality of the family environment might be associated with differences in the intrinsic DMN FC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Rebello
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (K.R.); (L.M.M.); (A.P.A.B.)
| | - Luciana Monteiro Moura
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (K.R.); (L.M.M.); (A.P.A.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (P.M.P.); (A.G.); (R.A.B.)
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
| | - Ana Paula Arantes Bueno
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (K.R.); (L.M.M.); (A.P.A.B.)
| | - Felipe Almeida Picon
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
- ADHD Outpatient Program & Developmental Psychiatry Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil
| | - Pedro Mario Pan
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (P.M.P.); (A.G.); (R.A.B.)
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
| | - Ary Gadelha
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (P.M.P.); (A.G.); (R.A.B.)
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
| | - Euripedes Constatino Miguel
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (P.M.P.); (A.G.); (R.A.B.)
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
- ADHD Outpatient Program & Developmental Psychiatry Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (K.R.); (L.M.M.); (A.P.A.B.)
- Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (P.M.P.); (A.G.); (R.A.B.)
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (CNPq), São Paulo 01060-970, Brazil; (F.A.P.); (E.C.M.); (L.A.R.)
- ADHD Outpatient Program & Developmental Psychiatry Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Willis DW, Condon MC, Moe V, Munson L, Smith L, Eddy JM. The context and development of the early relational health screen. Infant Ment Health J 2022; 43:493-506. [PMID: 35537064 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Early relational experiences are key drivers for developing social emotional capacities, educational achievement, mental health, physical health, and overall wellbeing. The child health sectors are committed to promotion, prevention, and early intervention that optimize children's health and development, often employing evidence-based screening as foundational practices. Despite a variety of validated parent-infant observational assessment tools, few are practical within busy practice settings, acceptable with all racial and ethnic groups and ready for universal adoption. In response to this need, a team of clinicians, early childhood educators, researchers and infant mental health specialists collaborated to develop and test a novel video-based, dyadic relational screening and monitoring tool, the Early Relational Health Screen (ERHS). This tool uniquely focuses on the early parent-child relationship (6-24 months), within the construct of early relational health (ERH). Initial testing demonstrated that the ERHS is a valid, reliable, feasible, and useful screening and monitoring tool for clinical applications. The ERHS was further developed within a population-based, prospective research study and adapted with brief video feedback for parents in the home visiting and child health sectors. The ERHS and its adaptations appear to advance ERH and equity within the transforming child health and public health care systems of today.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Willis
- Center for the Study of Social Policy, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Vibeke Moe
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, and the Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health for Eastern & Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leslie Munson
- Department of Special Education, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lars Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, and the Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health for Eastern & Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Mark Eddy
- Family Translational Research Group, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York City, New York, USA.,Texas Center for Equity Promotion, College of Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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27
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Lopera‐Perez DC, Nayak S, Stangier G, Tuladhar CT, St. John AM, Grieve PG, Tarullo AR. Infants’ neural sensitivity to social interactions varies by income and infant‐directed speech. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22265. [DOI: 10.1002/dev.22265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana C. Lopera‐Perez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Srishti Nayak
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA
| | - Giulia Stangier
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Philipps‐University of Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Charu T. Tuladhar
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Ashley M. St. John
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Philip G. Grieve
- Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Medical Center New York New York USA
| | - Amanda R. Tarullo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
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28
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Norton ES, Manning BL, Harriott EM, Nikolaeva JI, Nyabingi OS, Fredian KM, Page JM, McWeeny S, Krogh-Jespersen S, MacNeill LA, Roberts MY, Wakschlag LS. Social EEG: A novel neurodevelopmental approach to studying brain-behavior links and brain-to-brain synchrony during naturalistic toddler-parent interactions. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22240. [PMID: 35312062 PMCID: PMC9867891 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing emphasis on emergent brain-behavior patterns supporting language, cognitive, and socioemotional development in toddlerhood, methodologic challenges impede their characterization. Toddlers are notoriously difficult to engage in brain research, leaving a developmental window in which neural processes are understudied. Further, electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potential paradigms at this age typically employ structured, experimental tasks that rarely reflect formative naturalistic interactions with caregivers. Here, we introduce and provide proof of concept for a new "Social EEG" paradigm, in which parent-toddler dyads interact naturally during EEG recording. Parents and toddlers sit at a table together and engage in different activities, such as book sharing or watching a movie. EEG is time locked to the video recording of their interaction. Offline, behavioral data are microcoded with mutually exclusive engagement state codes. From 216 sessions to date with 2- and 3-year-old toddlers and their parents, 72% of dyads successfully completed the full Social EEG paradigm, suggesting that it is possible to collect dual EEG from parents and toddlers during naturalistic interactions. In addition to providing naturalistic information about child neural development within the caregiving context, this paradigm holds promise for examination of emerging constructs such as brain-to-brain synchrony in parents and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. Norton
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brittany L. Manning
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Emily M. Harriott
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Julia I. Nikolaeva
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Olufemi S. Nyabingi
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Kaitlyn M. Fredian
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jessica M. Page
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sean McWeeny
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Sheila Krogh-Jespersen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Leigha A. MacNeill
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Megan Y. Roberts
- Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lauren S. Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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29
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Blum S, Mack JT, Weise V, Kopp M, Asselmann E, Martini J, Garthus-Niegel S. The impact of postpartum obsessive-compulsive symptoms on child development and the mediating role of the parent-child relationship: A prospective longitudinal study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:886347. [PMID: 36203839 PMCID: PMC9532008 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.886347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first 2 years of life are a particularly sensitive period for the parent-child relationship as well as a healthy, age-appropriate child development. Both have been shown to be linked to postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms, while the role of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, which are also common, is still largely understudied. In addition, fathers have been neglected in this area of research. This study, which includes both mothers and fathers, aims to investigate the longitudinal associations between postpartum obsessive-compulsive symptoms and different domains of child development, as well as the mediating role of the parent-child relationship. METHODS Data were drawn from the prospective longitudinal study DREAM, with 674 mothers and 442 fathers from the general population completing self-report questionnaires at four measurement points. Longitudinal associations between parental postpartum obsessive-compulsive symptoms 8 weeks postpartum, the parent-child relationship 14 months postpartum, and child development 24 months postpartum were investigated using regression and mediation analyses. A number of potential confounding variables were considered, i.e., age, academic degree, postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms of the parents, preterm birth and temperament of the child, as well as COVID-19 pandemic-driven adversities. RESULTS When adjusting for confounders, neither maternal nor paternal postpartum obsessive-compulsive symptoms had adverse effects on the respective parent-child relationship and child development. Further, no mediating role of the parent-child relationship between parental postpartum obsessive-compulsive symptoms and child development could be confirmed. Instead, we found that the mother- and father-child relationship were differentially related to specific child developmental domains. For mothers, a poorer mother-child relationship was prospectively related to poorer fine motor development. For fathers, a poorer father-child relationship prospectively predicted a poorer overall development as well as poorer gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social development. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that negative effects on the parent-child relationship and child development may only become apparent in full-blown postpartum obsessive-compulsive disorder. Given the differential impact on specific developmental domains, our findings also suggest that it is crucial to consider both parents in clinical practice as well as in future research, rather than focusing only on the mother-child dyad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Blum
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith T Mack
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Victoria Weise
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marie Kopp
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Asselmann
- Department of Psychology, HMU Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Julia Martini
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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30
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Thrasher C, Krol KM, Grossmann T. Mother's engagement with infant linked to infant's responding to threat. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63 Suppl 1:e22224. [PMID: 34964494 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The early development of threat perception in infancy might be dependent on caregiver context, but this link has not yet been studied in human infants. This study examined the emergence of the young infant's response to threat in the context of variations in caregiving behavior. Eighty infant-caregiver dyads (39 female infants, all of western European descent) visited the laboratory when the infant was 5 months old. Each dyad completed a free-play task, from which we coded for the mother's level of engagement: the amount of talking, close proximity, positive affect, and attention directed toward the infant. When the infant was 7 months old, they came back to the laboratory and we used functional near infrared spectroscopy and eye tracking to measure infants' neural and attentional responses to threatening angry faces. In response to threat, infants of more-engaged mothers showed increased brain responses in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-a brain region associated with emotion regulation and cognitive control among adults-and reduced attentional avoidance. These results point to a role for caregiver behavioral context in the early development of brain systems involved in human threat responding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cat Thrasher
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Kathleen M Krol
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Early Social Development Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Grossmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Early Social Development Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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31
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Attachment Representations in Children with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111516. [PMID: 34827515 PMCID: PMC8615467 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children is associated with several adverse family characteristics, such as higher parenting stress, more conflicted parent–child relationships, lower parental competence, and higher levels of parental psychopathology. Hence, children with ADHD more often grow up under suboptimal circumstances, which may impact the development of their attachment representations. Here, we investigated whether children with ADHD have more insecure and disorganized attachment representations than their typically developing peers, and which factors could explain this association. We included 104 children between 4 and 11 years old, 74 with ADHD (without Conduct Disorder) and 30 typically developing control children. Children completed a state-of-the-art story stem task to assess their attachment representation, and we measured parents’ expressed emotion (as an index of parent–child relationship quality), parents’ perceived sense of competence, parental education levels, and parent-rated ODD symptoms of the child. We found that, after controlling for multiple comparisons, children with ADHD had less secure and more ambivalent and disorganized attachment representations relative to their typically developing peers. These group differences were independent of comorbid ODD and parental education levels. There were no group differences on avoidant attachment representations. Explorative analyses within the ADHD group showed that attachment representations were not related to parent–child relationship quality, perceived parenting competence, parental education levels, and comorbid ODD symptoms. We conclude that children with ADHD disproportionately often have attachment problems. Although this conclusion is important, treatment implications of this co-occurrence are yet unclear as research on ADHD and attachment is still in its infancy.
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32
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Anderson AJ, Perone S, Campagna A, Gartstein MA. Play with Mom: Insights into Regulatory Processes at Work during Baseline and Parent-infant Play. Dev Neuropsychol 2021; 46:447-462. [PMID: 34587837 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2021.1981904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is a neural correlate of approach and avoidance motivational processes. This study examined the shift in FAA from baseline to play, associations to parent-reported regulatory abilities, and parent and infant behaviors during play. Infants exhibited greater left frontal alpha activity (more approach) during baseline relative to play. Shifts in FAA toward greater left frontal alpha activity (more approach) from baseline to play were associated with parent ratings of infants' regulatory behaviors and object exploration exhibited during play. These results highlight ongoing regulatory processes involved in positively valenced tasks typical in infants' daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana J Anderson
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
| | - Sammy Perone
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
| | - Allegra Campagna
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
| | - Maria A Gartstein
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
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33
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Ilyka D, Johnson MH, Lloyd-Fox S. Infant social interactions and brain development: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 130:448-469. [PMID: 34506843 PMCID: PMC8522805 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Associations between caregiver-infant behaviours during social interactions and brain development outcomes were investigated. Caregivers' and infants' behaviours in interactions related to children’s structural, functional and connectivity measures. Concurrent associations between behavioural and brain measures were apparent as early as three months postnatally. Long-term associations between behaviours in early interactions and brain development outcomes were observed decades later. Individual differences in early interactions and associated brain development is an important avenue for further research.
From birth, interactions with others are an integral part of a person’s daily life. In infancy, social exchanges are thought to be critical for optimal brain development. This systematic review explores this association by drawing together infant studies that relate adult-infant behaviours – coded from their social interactions - to children’s brain measures collected during a neuroimaging session in infancy, childhood, adolescence or adulthood. In total, we identified 55 studies that explored associations between infants’ social interactions and neural measures. These studies show that several aspects of caregiver-infant behaviours are associated with, or predict, a variety of neural responses in infants, children and adolescents. The presence of both concurrent and long-term associations - some of which are first observed just a few months postnatally and extend into adulthood - open an important research avenue and motivate further longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna Ilyka
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark H Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Lloyd-Fox
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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34
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Bhanot S, Bray S, McGirr A, Lee K, Kopala-Sibley DC. A Narrative Review of Methodological Considerations in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Offspring Brain Development and the Influence of Parenting. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:694845. [PMID: 34489661 PMCID: PMC8417117 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.694845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenting has been robustly associated with offspring psychosocial development, and these effects are likely reflected in brain development. This hypothesis is being tested with increasingly rigorous methods and the use of magnetic resonance imaging, a powerful tool for characterizing human brain structure and function. The objective of this narrative review was to examine methodological issues in this field that impact the conclusions that can be drawn and to identify future directions in this field. Studies included were those that examined associations between parenting and offspring brain structure or function. Results show four thematic features in this literature that impact the hypotheses that can be tested, and the conclusions drawn. The first theme is a limited body of studies including repeated sampling of offspring brain structure and function, and therefore an over-reliance on cross-sectional or retrospective associations. The second involves a focus on extremes in early life caregiving, limiting generalizability. The third involves the nature of parenting assessment, predominantly parent- or child-report instead of observational measures which may be more ecologically valid measures of parenting. A closely related fourth consideration is the examination of detrimental versus positive parenting behaviors. While studies with one or more of these thematic limitations provide valuable information, future study design should consider addressing these limitations to determine how parenting shapes offspring brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Bhanot
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Signe Bray
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alexander McGirr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kate Lee
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel C Kopala-Sibley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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35
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Bornstein MH, Manian N, Henry LM. Clinically depressed and typically developing mother-infant dyads: Domain base rates and correspondences, relationship contingencies and attunement. INFANCY 2021; 26:877-900. [PMID: 34343395 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Maternal depression is associated with adverse outcomes in infants. Unfavorable parenting practices likely constitute one pathway of risk transmission from mother to infant, but definitional and methodological variation in the extant literature precludes a comprehensive or conclusive understanding of potential underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to illuminate the role of maternal clinical depression in mother-infant interaction by turning a microanalytic lens on four substantive relationship issues: base rates, correspondences, contingencies, and attunement. Several maternal parenting practices (aggregated into social, didactic, and language domains) and several infant behaviors (aggregated into social, exploration, and non-distress vocalization domains) were microcoded to 0.10 s from naturalistic hour long interactions of clinically depressed mothers (n = 60) and matched non-depressed controls (n = 60) with their 5-month-olds. Clinically depressed mothers spontaneously engaged their infants less didactically, were less contingent to their infants in social, didactic, and language domains, and were less attuned with their infants than were non-depressed mothers. Infants of clinically depressed mothers vocalized non-distress less than infants of non-depressed mothers. These differences unveil key disadvantages in the everyday lived experiences of infants of clinically depressed mothers. The findings advance understanding of maternal depression and its effects and have implications for identifying infants at risk on account of their mothers' clinical depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H Bornstein
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, UK.,UNICEF, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Nanmathi Manian
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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36
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Smith ES, Elliott D, Killick R, Crawford TJ, Kidby S, Reid VM. Infants Oscillatory Frequencies change during Free-Play. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 64:101612. [PMID: 34332261 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Social interactions are known to be an essential component of infant development. For this reason, exploring functional neural activity while infants are engaged in social interactions will enable a better understanding of the infant social brain. This in turn, will enable the beginning of disentangling the neural basis of social and non-social interactions as well as the influence that maternal engagement has on infant brain function. Maternal sensitivity serves as a model for socio-emotional development during infancy, which poses the question: do interactions between parents and their offspring present altered electrophysiological responses in comparison to the general population if said parents are at risk of mental health disorders? The current research aimed to observe the oscillatory activity of 6-month-old infants during spontaneous free-play interactions with their mother. A 5-minute unconstrained free-play session was recorded between infant-mother dyads with EEG recordings taken from the 6-month-old infants (n = 64). During the recording, social and non-social behaviours were coded and EEG assessed with these epochs. Results showed an increase in oscillatory activity both when an infant played independently or interacted with their mother and oscillatory power was greatest in the alpha and theta bands. In the present 6-month-old cohort, no hemispheric power differences were observed as oscillatory power in the corresponding neural regions (i.e. left and right temporal regions) appeared to mirror each other. Instead, temporal estimates were larger and different from all other regions, whilst the frontal and parietal regions bihemispherically displayed similar estimates, which were larger than those observed centrally, but smaller than those displayed in the temporal locations. The interactions observed between the behavioural events and frequency bands demonstrated a significant reduction in power comparative to the power observed in the gamma band during the baseline event. The present research sought to explore the obstacle of artificial play paradigms for neuroscience research, whereby researchers question how much these paradigms relate to reality. The present manuscript will discuss the strengths and limitations of taking an unconstrained free-play approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor S Smith
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, Downing Site, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - David Elliott
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK; School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rebecca Killick
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK
| | | | - Sayaka Kidby
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK
| | - Vincent M Reid
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, UK; School of Psychology, The University of Waikato, New Zealand
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37
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Soltani Kouhbanani S, Arabi SM. Home executive function environment and executive functions in children: The mediating role of brain electrical activity. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Brophy-Herb HE, Moyses K, Shrier C, Rymanowicz K, Pilkenton A, Dalimonte-Merckling D, Hetherington C, Mitchell K. A pilot evaluation of the Building Early Emotional Skills (BEES) curriculum in face-to-face and online formats. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 49:1505-1521. [PMID: 33561319 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Building Early Emotional Skills (BEES) parenting program is designed to promote parent-child relationships and more optimal social-emotional development by addressing four sequentially built skills in parenting infants/toddlers: (1) building parental awareness of emotions in self and child; (2) listening and interacting sensitively; (3) identifying and labeling emotions; and (4) intentionally supporting early self-regulation skills. BEES used an 8-session format delivered in online or face-to-face platforms (N = 264 female caregivers; n = 214 online, n = 50 face-to-face). Linear mixed modeling for pre-to-post changes showed significant increases in knowledge, emotion coaching beliefs, acceptance of negative emotions, and self-reported emotionally supportive responses to emotions; and, significant decreases in rejection of emotions, emotionally unsupportive responses, and parenting distress. Results suggested no differences in rate of change by program delivery type. Caregivers with more depressive symptoms showed greater improvement in their parenting distress. The BEES program may be a tool to support early positive parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly E Brophy-Herb
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Kendra Moyses
- Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Carrie Shrier
- Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Kylie Rymanowicz
- Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Alan Pilkenton
- Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Chelsea Hetherington
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Koi Mitchell
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Hardin JS, Jones NA, Mize KD, Platt M. Affectionate Touch in the Context of Breastfeeding and Maternal Depression Influences Infant Neurodevelopmental and Temperamental Substrates. Neuropsychobiology 2021; 80:158-175. [PMID: 33461198 PMCID: PMC8117377 DOI: 10.1159/000511604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While numerous studies have demonstrated maternal depression's influence on infant brain development, few studies have examined the changes that occur as a consequence of co-occurring experiential factors that affect quality of mother and infant affectionate touch as well as infant temperament and neurophysiological systems. The aim of the study was to examine the interactive effects of maternal depression and breastfeeding on mother and infant affectionate touch and infant temperament and cortical maturation patterns across early development. METHODS 113 mothers and their infants participated when infants were 1 and 3 months of age. Questionnaires to assess maternal depressive symptoms, feeding, and temperament were completed. Tonic EEG patterns (asymmetry and left and right activity) were collected and the dyads were video-recorded during feeding to assess mother and infant affectionate touch patterns. RESULTS Data analysis showed that EEG activity and mother-infant affectionate touch differed as a function of mood and feeding method. Notably, only infants of depressed mothers that bottle-fed showed right frontal EEG asymmetry and attenuated change in the left frontal region across 3 months. Breastfeeding positively impacted affectionate touch behaviors and was associated with increased left and decreased right frontal EEG activation even for depressed groups. Furthermore, a model incorporating physiology, maternal depression, touch, temperament, and feeding indicated significant prediction for infant affectionate touch (with breastfeeding and affectively positive temperament demonstrating the strongest prediction). Con-clusion: The findings suggest that breastfeeding and the infant's positive temperament influence mother-infant affectionate touch patterns and result in neuroprotective outcomes for infants, even those exposed to maternal depression within early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian S. Hardin
- *Jillian Hardin, Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458 (USA),
| | - Nancy Aaron Jones
- Charles E. Schmidt College Science Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Krystal D. Mize
- Charles E. Schmidt College Science Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Melannie Platt
- Charles E. Schmidt College Science Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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Schneider A, Rodrigues M, Falenchuk O, Munhoz TN, Barros AJD, Murray J, Domingues MR, Jenkins JM. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of an Observational Measure for Parent-Child Responsive Caregiving. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1246. [PMID: 33573217 PMCID: PMC7908563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Responsive caregiving is the dimension of parenting most consistently related to later child functioning in both developing and developed countries. There is a growing need for efficient, psychometrically sound and culturally appropriate measurement of this construct. This study describes the cross-cultural validation in Brazil of the Responsive Interactions for Learning (RIFL-P) measure, requiring only eight minutes for assessment and coding. The cross-cultural adaptation used a recognized seven-step procedure. The adapted version was applied to a stratified sample of 153 Brazilian mother-child (18 months) dyads. Videos of mother-child interaction were coded using the RIFL-P and a longer gold standard parenting assessment. Mothers completed a survey on child stimulation (18 months) and child outcomes were measured at 24 months. Internal consistency (α = 0.94), inter-rater reliability (r = 0.83), and intra-rater reliability (r = 0.94) were all satisfactory to high. RIFL-P scores were significantly correlated with another measurement of parenting (r's ranged from 0.32 to 0.47, p < 0.001), stimulation markers (r = 0.34, p < 0.01), and children's cognition (r = 0.29, p < 0.001), language (r = 0.28, p < 0.001), and positive behavior (r = 0.17, p < 0.05). The Brazilian Portuguese version is a valid and reliable instrument for a brief assessment of responsive caregiving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Schneider
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada; (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Michelle Rodrigues
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada; (A.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Olesya Falenchuk
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada;
| | - Tiago N. Munhoz
- Faculty of Psychology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010900, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010900, Brazil; (A.J.D.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Aluisio J. D. Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010900, Brazil; (A.J.D.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Joseph Murray
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010900, Brazil; (A.J.D.B.); (J.M.)
- Human Development and Violence Research Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010900, Brazil
| | - Marlos R. Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010900, Brazil;
| | - Jennifer M. Jenkins
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada; (A.S.); (M.R.)
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Ratzoni N, Doron G, Frenkel TI. Initial Evidence for Symptoms of Postpartum Parent-Infant Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (PI-ROCD) and Associated Risk for Perturbed Maternal Behavior and Infant Social Disengagement From Mother. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:589949. [PMID: 34603090 PMCID: PMC8481639 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.589949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant socioemotional development and underlying brain maturation occur primarily within the context of early caregiver-infant relationships. Perinatal research demonstrates detrimental impact of postpartum pathology, including postnatal onset of maternal OCD-on the mother-infant relationship. The present study is the first to examine postnatal onset of a particular dimension of OCD symptoms focusing on close interpersonal relationships (relationship-OCD, i.e., ROCD) within a general population sample. Specifically, we assessed whether symptoms of Parent-Child ROCD (PC-ROCD), may onset postnatally, thus yielding symptoms of Parent-Infant ROCD (PI-ROCD). We adapted the previously validated Parent-Child ROCD measure for use during infancy to assess symptoms of PI-ROCD. The adapted measure, Parent-Infant Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms Inventory (PI-PROCSI), was administered to 143 mothers from the general population at 4-months postpartum. We investigated concurrent associations between postnatal onset of PI-ROCD, maternal depression and bonding, as well as longitudinal predictive associations with observed maternal and infant behaviors in dyadic interactions at 10 months. Due to dropout across the 1st year postpartum, the subsample with longitudinal data was substantially reduced compared to the full sample. PI-PROCSI scores explained unique variance in concurrent maternal depression over and above concurrent anxiety. PI-PROCSI scores also associated with concurrent impairments of maternal bonding. Moreover, unique associations emerged between maternal PI-ROCD scores and perturbations in both maternal and infant observable behaviors at 10-months. Specifically, observable perturbations in maternal behaviors mediated associations between symptoms of PI-ROCD at 4-months and observable infant avoidance of social engagement behaviors at 10-months. Findings suggest that parent-child ROCD symptoms may onset during the postnatal period, and that such symptoms may play a significant role in shaping quality of reciprocal caregiver-infant interactions. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Ratzoni
- Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel.,Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Guy Doron
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Tahl I Frenkel
- Ziama Arkin Infancy Institute, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel.,Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel
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Whedon M, Perry NB, Bell MA. Relations between frontal EEG maturation and inhibitory control in preschool in the prediction of children's early academic skills. Brain Cogn 2020; 146:105636. [PMID: 33197766 PMCID: PMC7754531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Maturation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) across the first few years of life is thought to underlie the emergence of inhibitory control (IC) abilities, which may play an important role in children's early academic success. In this growth curve modeling study (N = 364), we assessed developmental change in children's resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) activity (6-9 Hz 'alpha' power) from 10 months to 4 years and examined whether the initial levels or amount of change in frontal alpha power were associated with children's IC at age 4 and indirectly academic skills at age 6. Results indicated that greater increases in frontal alpha power across the study period were associated with better IC, and indirectly with better performance on Woodcock-Johnson tests of reading and math achievement at age 6. Similar associations between change in EEG and age 4 vocabulary were observed but did not mediate an association with academic skills. Similar analyses with posterior alpha power showed no associations with IC. Findings underscore the significance of frontal lobe maturation from infancy to early childhood for children's intellectual development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Whedon
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, United States.
| | - Nicole B Perry
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, United States
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Pathways to social-emotional functioning in the preschool period: The role of child temperament and maternal anxiety in boys and girls. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 32:961-974. [PMID: 31345275 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Individual differences in social-emotional functioning emerge early and have long-term implications for developmental adaptation and competency. Research is needed that specifies multiple early risk factors and outcomes simultaneously to demonstrate specificity. Using multigroup longitudinal path analysis in a sample of typically developing children (N = 541), we examined child temperament dimensions (surgency, negative affectivity, and regulation/effortful control) and maternal anxiety in infancy and age 2 as predictors of child externalizing, internalizing, dysregulation, and competence behaviors at age 3. Four primary patterns emerged. First, there was stability in temperament dimensions and maternal anxiety from infancy to age 3. Second, negative affectivity was implicated in internalizing problems and surgency in externalizing problems. Third, effortful control at age 2 was a potent mediator of maternal anxiety in infancy on age 3 outcomes. Fourth, there was suggestive evidence for transactional effects between maternal anxiety and child effortful control. Most pathways operated similarly for boys and girls, with some differences, particularly for surgency. These findings expand our understanding of the roles of specific temperamental domains and postnatal maternal anxiety in a range of social-emotional outcomes in the preschool period, and have implications for efforts to enhance the development of young children's social-emotional functioning and reduce risk for later psychopathology.
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Perone S, Gartstein MA, Anderson AJ. Dynamics of frontal alpha asymmetry in mother-infant dyads: Insights from the Still Face Paradigm. Infant Behav Dev 2020; 61:101500. [PMID: 33197784 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2020.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The parent-infant dynamic has a foundational role in emotion regulation development. Electroencephalography (EEG) hyperscanning from mother-infant dyads can provide an unprecedented window into inter-brain dynamics during the parent-infant exchange. This potential depends on the feasibility of hyperscanning with dyads in emotionally taxing contexts. We sought to demonstrate feasibility of hyperscanning from 10 mother-infant dyads during the Still Face Procedure (SFP). We measured frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) to elucidate ongoing regulatory dynamics and considered maternal caregiving quality as a window into dyads' history. Results showed dyads exhibited a rightward shift in FAA over the course of SFP, indicating growing negative emotionality and desire to withdraw. Results also showed growing variability in FAA for infants over the course of SFP, indicating less active emotional control as stress ensued. Variability was especially low for mothers during periods when asked to be emotionally unavailable, suggesting active control to match the task demands. Dyads with a more responsive mother exhibited higher (more left) FAA relative to dyads with a less responsive mother, which might reflect a more positive emotional experience overall. We raise important methodological and theoretical questions that hyperscanning during SFP can address, such as the developmental origins of trait-like self-regulatory dispositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammy Perone
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, United States.
| | - Maria A Gartstein
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, United States
| | - Alana J Anderson
- Department of Human Development, Washington State University, United States
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45
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Maxwell AM, McMahon C, Huber A, Hawkins E, Reay RE. Addressing the Evidence Gap: Protocol for an Effectiveness Study of Circle of Security Parenting, an Attachment-Based Intervention. Front Glob Womens Health 2020; 1:575752. [PMID: 34816157 PMCID: PMC8594052 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2020.575752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parenting interventions informed by attachment theory are an increasingly popular choice for clinical services that work with parents of babies and young children. Circle of Security Parenting (COS-P) is one such intervention, which has had extraordinary uptake internationally. Evidence for COS-P is very limited, however; there are few published studies, most with very small samples, and findings are mixed. This paper describes a multi-site evaluation of COS-P, designed to help address this evidence gap. Methods/Design: This is a non-randomized controlled effectiveness study of COS-P in four community child and family health settings. Participants are caregivers of children aged 6 years and under, who present to study sites with parenting challenges in the early parenting period. Participants are recruited through these sites, and allocated to either treatment or waitlist control condition based on their capacity to attend the next available COS-P group. Outcomes (changes in caregiving attitudes and capacities linked to child social and emotional development, and caregiver depression symptoms) are assessed at baseline and post-treatment/waitlist using self-report questionnaires (all participants), and a narrative interview and 5-min parent-child interaction (a sub-sample of participants). Additionally, potential moderators of the intervention (demographic, symptom severity) will be tested. Discussion: This is one of the first controlled evaluations of COS-P, and the first in Australia where COS-P dissemination has been particularly widespread. Results from this study will provide valuable information about the effectiveness of COS-P for caregivers with early parenting challenges, and will increase understanding of what works for whom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Maxwell
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine McMahon
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Huber
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Erinn Hawkins
- School of Applied Psychology, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Rebecca Elizabeth Reay
- ANU Medical School, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- *Correspondence: Rebecca Elizabeth Reay
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Gartstein MA, Warwick H, Campagna AX. Electroencephalogram frontal asymmetry changes during emotion‐eliciting tasks and parent–child interaction dynamics. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haven Warwick
- Department of Psychology Washington State University Pullman WA USA
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47
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A conceptual model of risk and protective factors associated with internalizing symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A scoping review, synthesis, and call for more research. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 32:1254-1272. [PMID: 32893766 DOI: 10.1017/s095457942000084x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews and synthesizes key areas of research related to the etiology, development, and maintenance of internalizing symptoms in children, adolescents, and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In developing an integrated conceptual model, we draw from current conceptual models of internalizing symptoms in ASD and extend the model to include factors related to internalizing within other populations (e.g., children that have experienced early life stress, children with other neurodevelopmental conditions, typically developing children) that have not been systematically examined in ASD. Our review highlights the need for more research to understand the developmental course of internalizing symptoms, potential moderators, and the interplay between early risk and protective factors. Longitudinal studies incorporating multiple methods and both environmental and biological factors will be important in order to elucidate these mechanisms.
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48
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Amodia-Bidakowska A, Laverty C, Ramchandani PG. Father-child play: A systematic review of its frequency, characteristics and potential impact on children’s development. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2020.100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Patterns of growth in executive functioning during school years: Contributions of early mother-child attachment security and maternal autonomy support. J Exp Child Psychol 2020; 200:104934. [PMID: 32818844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Executive functioning (EF) undergoes marked developmental improvements during the early school years. Given the crucial role of EF in learning and school adjustment, it is important to document the factors that bolster the development of executive competence, especially during a period of growth. Although substantial evidence suggests that parent-child relationships relate to EF, few longitudinal studies have examined the parental antecedents of EF developmental trajectories during the school years. Accordingly, this multiyear longitudinal study (N = 102) explored the respective roles of early mother-child attachment security and maternal autonomy support in the prediction of patterns of growth in working memory, cognitive flexibility, and planning skills across Grades 2 to 4. Multilevel growth curve analyses revealed a unique positive relation between attachment security and all EF skills, whereas autonomy support was mainly independently associated with initial planning performance. These findings provide further suggestion for a global contribution of secure attachment relationships to children's executive competence and highlight the importance of supporting children's autonomy to foster the emergence of more complex EF abilities such as planning. This study also supports the relevance of considering multiple aspects of parent-child relationships to delineate how early caregiving experiences contribute to children's EF development.
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50
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Vink M, Gladwin TE, Geeraerts S, Pas P, Bos D, Hofstee M, Durston S, Vollebergh W. Towards an integrated account of the development of self-regulation from a neurocognitive perspective: A framework for current and future longitudinal multi-modal investigations. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 45:100829. [PMID: 32738778 PMCID: PMC7394770 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-regulation is the ability to monitor and modulate emotions, behaviour, and cognition in order to adapt to changing circumstances. Developing adequate self-regulation is associated with better social coping and higher educational achievement later in life; poor self-regulation has been linked to a variety of detrimental developmental outcomes. Here, we focus on the development of neurocognitive processes essential for self-regulation. We outline a conceptual framework emphasizing that this is inherently an integrated, dynamic process involving interactions between brain maturation, child characteristics (genetic makeup, temperament, and pre- and perinatal factors) and environmental factors (family characteristics, parents and siblings, peers, and broader societal influences including media development). We introduce the Consortium of Individual Development (CID), which combines a series of integrated large-scale, multi-modal, longitudinal studies to take essential steps towards the ultimate goal of understanding and supporting this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs Vink
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Edward Gladwin
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Sanne Geeraerts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal Pas
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dienke Bos
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marissa Hofstee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Durston
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wilma Vollebergh
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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