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Lunjani N, Kerbelker T, Mdletshe FB, Hlela C, O’Mahony L. Phenotypes, endotypes and genotypes of atopic dermatitis and allergy in populations of African ancestry on the continent and diaspora. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 4:1203304. [PMID: 38327736 PMCID: PMC10847302 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1203304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a complex inflammatory condition characterized by synergist interactions between epidermal and immune related genotypes, skin barrier defects and immune dysregulation as well as microbial dysbiosis. Ethnicity-specific variations in clinical presentation, immune endotypes and genetic susceptibility have been described in diverse populations. We summarize available data with specific consideration of AD in populations of African ancestry. Some highlights include the observation of AD lesions on extensor surfaces, lichen planus-like AD, prurigo type AD and follicular AD in African populations. In addition, a consistent absence of dominant filaggrin gene defects has been reported. The detection of normal filaggrin protein content in AD skin implicates the contribution of alternative mechanisms in the pathogenesis of AD in African patients. Markedly high IgE has been described in paediatric and adult African AD. While Th2, Th22 and Th17 activation in African AD skin shares the same direction as with other populations, it has been noted that the magnitude of activation is dissimilar. Reduced Th17 cytokines have been observed in the circulation of moderate to severe paediatric AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Lunjani
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - T. Kerbelker
- Department of Peadiatrics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - F. B. Mdletshe
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - C. Hlela
- Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L. O’Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Vassilopoulou E, Rallis D, Milani GP, Agostoni C, Feketea G, Lithoxopoulou M, Stefanaki E, Ladomenou F, Douladiris N, Cronin C, Popescu CA, Pop RM, Bocsan IC, Tsabouri S. Nurturing Infants to Prevent Atopic Dermatitis and Food Allergies: A Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2023; 16:21. [PMID: 38201851 PMCID: PMC10780847 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) at a young age often precedes the development of food allergies. Although AD affects millions of infants worldwide, prenatal and postnatal risk factors, and their association with the development of food allergies later on, are not fully elucidated. This study seeks to investigate AD epidemiology in infancy and its risk factors, examining early-life factors (both prenatal and postnatal) that could contribute to the later development of food allergies. METHODS Between January 2019 and December 2019, 501 infants were included in this prospective cohort study. Longitudinal data collection was performed through maternal interviews, the first one conducted within three days after the delivery and the second within 24 to 36 months after the delivery, encompassing variables such as demographics, family history of atopy, maternal smoking, antibiotic use during pregnancy, the mode of delivery, breastfeeding history, food practices, and greenness exposure within 3 days from delivery, while they were still in the hospital. RESULTS Maternal smoking during pregnancy (p = 0.001) and an older sibling atopy history (p = 0.03) was significantly linked to AD incidence. Cesarean section delivery (p = 0.04) was associated with a higher risk of food allergies in infants with AD. Having a garden at home correlated with a higher likelihood of AD (p = 0.01), and food elimination without medical guidance (p = 0.02) due to AD correlated with an elevated risk of food allergies. CONCLUSIONS Encouraging timely allergenic food introduction while promoting dietary diversity, rich in plant-based foods, maternal smoking cessation, and professional dietary guidance may help minimize AD and food allergy risk. Future studies should address the role of greenness in the development of AD and food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.P.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Rallis
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (D.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Gregorio Paolo Milani
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.P.M.); (C.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.P.M.); (C.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gavriela Feketea
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.F.); (R.M.P.); (I.C.B.)
- Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, “Karamandaneio” Children’s Hospital of Patra, 26331 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Lithoxopoulou
- 2nd Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, “Papageorgiou” General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Evangelia Stefanaki
- Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Venizeleion General Hospital of Heraklion, 71409 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Fani Ladomenou
- Pediatric Infectious Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Douladiris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Caoimhe Cronin
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland;
| | - Codruta Alina Popescu
- Department of Abilities Human Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.F.); (R.M.P.); (I.C.B.)
| | - Ioana Corina Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.F.); (R.M.P.); (I.C.B.)
| | - Sophia Tsabouri
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (D.R.); (S.T.)
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3
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Pan Z, Dai Y, Akar-Ghibril N, Simpson J, Ren H, Zhang L, Hou Y, Wen X, Chang C, Tang R, Sun JL. Impact of Air Pollution on Atopic Dermatitis: A Comprehensive Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2023; 65:121-135. [PMID: 36853525 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08957-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is associated with multiple health problems worldwide, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic disease, and increasing evidence has revealed a role of air pollution in the development of atopic dermatitis. Air pollutants are derived from several sources, including harmful gases such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide (CO), as well as particulate matter (PM) of various sizes, and bioaerosols. Possible mechanisms linking air pollution to atopic dermatitis include damage to the skin barrier through oxidative stress, increased water loss, physicochemical injury, and an effect on skin microflora. Furthermore, oxidative stress triggers immune dysregulation, leading to enhanced sensitization to allergens. There have been multiple studies focusing on the association between various types of air pollutants and atopic dermatitis. Since there are many confounders in the current research, such as climate, synergistic effects of mixed pollutants, and diversity of study population, it is not surprising that inconsistencies exist between different studies regarding AD and air pollution. Still, it is generally accepted that air pollution is a risk factor for AD. Future studies should focus on how air pollution leads to AD as well as effective intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouxian Pan
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Allergy Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yimin Dai
- Eight-Year Clinical Medicine System, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Nicole Akar-Ghibril
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL, 33021, USA
| | - Jessica Simpson
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL, 33021, USA
| | - Huali Ren
- Department of Allergy, Beijing Electric Power Hospital of State Grid Company of China, Electric Power Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100073, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Allergy Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yibo Hou
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Allergy Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xueyi Wen
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- Allergy Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL, 33021, USA.
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Rui Tang
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Allergy Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Jin-Lyu Sun
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Allergy Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Lim SH, Lee S. Maternal ever-smoking is associated with an increased risk of atopic dermatitis in the offspring in a dose-response relationship. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e1128-e1130. [PMID: 37113028 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ha Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Solam Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Grafanaki K, Antonatos C, Maniatis A, Petropoulou A, Vryzaki E, Vasilopoulos Y, Georgiou S, Gregoriou S. Intrinsic Effects of Exposome in Atopic Dermatitis: Genomics, Epigenomics and Regulatory Layers. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4000. [PMID: 37373692 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) or atopic eczema is an increasingly manifested inflammatory skin disorder of complex etiology which is modulated by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The exposome includes a person's lifetime exposures and their effects. We recently reviewed the extrinsic exposome's environmental risk factors that contribute to AD. The periods of pregnancy, infancy, and teenage years are recognized as crucial stages in the formation of AD, where the exposome leads to enduring impacts on the immune system. However, research is now focusing on the interactions between intrinsic pathways that are modulated by the extrinsic exposome, including genetic variation, epigenetic modifications, and signals, such as diet, stress, and microbiome interactions. As a result, immune dysregulation, barrier dysfunction, hormonal fluctuations, and skin microbiome dysbiosis are important factors contributing to AD development, and their in-depth understanding is crucial not only for AD treatment but also for similar inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Dermatology-Venereology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Charalabos Antonatos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandros Maniatis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Antonia Petropoulou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Vryzaki
- Department of Dermatology-Venereology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Yiannis Vasilopoulos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Sophia Georgiou
- Department of Dermatology-Venereology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Stamatis Gregoriou
- Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 16121 Athens, Greece
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6
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The Genetics of Eczema Herpeticum. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:390-397. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Mourino N, Ruano-Raviña A, Varela Lema L, Fernández E, López MJ, Santiago-Pérez MI, Rey-Brandariz J, Giraldo-Osorio A, Pérez-Ríos M. Serum cotinine cut-points for secondhand smoke exposure assessment in children under 5 years: A systemic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267319. [PMID: 35511766 PMCID: PMC9070924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serum cotinine has become the most widely used biomarker of secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) over time in all ages. The aim of this study was to review the serum cotinine cut-points used to classify children under 5 years as exposed to SHS. Methods A systematic review performed in the Pubmed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE databases up to April 2021 was conducted using as key words "serum cotinine", “tobacco smoke pollution” (MeSH), "secondhand smoke", "environmental tobacco smoke" and “tobacco smoke exposure”. Papers which assessed SHS exposure among children younger than 5 years old were included. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed. Analysis was pre-registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021251263). Results 247 articles were identified and 51 fulfilled inclusion criteria. The selected studies were published between 1985–2020. Most of them included adolescents and adults. Only three assessed postnatal exposure exclusively among children under 5 years. None of the selected studies proposed age-specific cut-points for children < 5 years old. Cut-point values to assess SHS exposure ranged from 0.015 to 100 ng/ml. The most commonly used cut-point was 0.05 ng/ml, derived from the assay limit of detection used by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Conclusions No studies have calculated serum cotinine age-specific cut-points to ascertained SHS exposure among children under 5 years old. Children’s age-specific cut-points are warranted for health research and public health purposes aimed at accurately estimating the prevalence of SHS exposure and attributable burden of disease to such exposure, and at reinforcing 100% smoke-free policies worldwide, both in homes, private vehicles and public places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Mourino
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Ruano-Raviña
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Varela Lema
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Esteve Fernández
- Tobacco Control Unit, WHO Collaborating Center for Tobacco Control, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO), Badalona, Spain
- Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - María José López
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Evaluación y Métodos de Intervención, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Julia Rey-Brandariz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alexandra Giraldo-Osorio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Grupo de investigación Promoción de la Salud y Prevención de la Enfermedad (GIPSPE), Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
- Fundación Carolina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Bermick J, Schaller M. Epigenetic regulation of pediatric and neonatal immune responses. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:297-327. [PMID: 34239066 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of transcription is a collective term that refers to mechanisms known to regulate gene transcription without changing the underlying DNA sequence. These mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone tail modifications which influence chromatin accessibility, and microRNAs that act through post-transcriptional gene silencing. Epigenetics is known to regulate a variety of biological processes, and the role of epigtenetics in immunity and immune-mediated diseases is becoming increasingly recognized. While DNA methylation is the most widely studied, each of these systems play an important role in the development and maintenance of appropriate immune responses. There is clear evidence that epigenetic mechanisms contribute to developmental stage-specific immune responses in a cell-specific manner. There is also mounting evidence that prenatal exposures alter epigenetic profiles and subsequent immune function in exposed offspring. Early life exposures that are associated with poor long-term health outcomes also appear to impact immune specific epigenetic patterning. Finally, each of these epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases that manifest during childhood. This review will discuss each of these areas in detail. IMPACT: Epigenetics, including DNA methylation, histone tail modifications, and microRNA expression, dictate immune cell phenotypes. Epigenetics influence immune development and subsequent immune health. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal exposures alter immune cell epigenetic profiles and subsequent immune function. Numerous pediatric-onset diseases have an epigenetic component. Several successful strategies for childhood diseases target epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bermick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA. .,Iowa Inflammation Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Matthew Schaller
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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9
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Soliai MM, Kato A, Helling BA, Stanhope CT, Norton JE, Naughton KA, Klinger AI, Thompson EE, Clay SM, Kim S, Celedón JC, Gern JE, Jackson DJ, Altman MC, Kern RC, Tan BK, Schleimer RP, Nicolae DL, Pinto JM, Ober C. Multi-omics colocalization with genome-wide association studies reveals a context-specific genetic mechanism at a childhood onset asthma risk locus. Genome Med 2021; 13:157. [PMID: 34629083 PMCID: PMC8504130 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified thousands of variants associated with asthma and other complex diseases. However, the functional effects of most of these variants are unknown. Moreover, GWASs do not provide context-specific information on cell types or environmental factors that affect specific disease risks and outcomes. To address these limitations, we used an upper airway epithelial cell (AEC) culture model to assess transcriptional and epigenetic responses to rhinovirus (RV), an asthma-promoting pathogen, and provide context-specific functional annotations to variants discovered in GWASs of asthma. METHODS Genome-wide genetic, gene expression, and DNA methylation data in vehicle- and RV-treated upper AECs were collected from 104 individuals who had a diagnosis of airway disease (n=66) or were healthy participants (n=38). We mapped cis expression and methylation quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTLs and cis-meQTLs, respectively) in each treatment condition (RV and vehicle) in AECs from these individuals. A Bayesian test for colocalization between AEC molecular QTLs and adult onset asthma and childhood onset asthma GWAS SNPs, and a multi-ethnic GWAS of asthma, was used to assign the function to variants associated with asthma. We used Mendelian randomization to demonstrate DNA methylation effects on gene expression at asthma colocalized loci. RESULTS Asthma and allergic disease-associated GWAS SNPs were specifically enriched among molecular QTLs in AECs, but not in GWASs from non-immune diseases, and in AEC eQTLs, but not among eQTLs from other tissues. Colocalization analyses of AEC QTLs with asthma GWAS variants revealed potential molecular mechanisms of asthma, including QTLs at the TSLP locus that were common to both the RV and vehicle treatments and to both childhood onset and adult onset asthma, as well as QTLs at the 17q12-21 asthma locus that were specific to RV exposure and childhood onset asthma, consistent with clinical and epidemiological studies of these loci. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of functional effects for asthma risk variants in AECs and insight into RV-mediated transcriptional and epigenetic response mechanisms that modulate genetic effects in the airway and risk for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Soliai
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Departments of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Britney A Helling
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - James E Norton
- Departments of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Aiko I Klinger
- Departments of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emma E Thompson
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Selene M Clay
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Juan C Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James E Gern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Daniel J Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Matthew C Altman
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Systems Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert C Kern
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruce K Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Departments of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dan L Nicolae
- Department of Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jayant M Pinto
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Departments of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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10
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Li Y, Xiao FL, Cheng H, Liang B, Zhou FS, Li P, Zheng XD, Sun LD, Yang S, Zhang XJ. A Common Variant at 11q23.3 Is Associated with Susceptibility to Atopic Dermatitis in the Han Chinese Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:638-645. [PMID: 34609929 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many genetic variants that are risk factors for numerous immune-mediated diseases. In particular, different immune-mediated diseases have been found to share the same susceptibility loci. Therefore, exploring the genetic overlap between atopic dermatitis (AD) and other immune-mediated diseases in more detail may help identify additional shared susceptibility loci among common immune-mediated diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the 11q23.3 locus is a susceptibility locus shared among multiple immune-mediated diseases. Objective: This study was designed to investigated whether SNPs at the chromosome 11q23.3 locus are associated with AD in the Han Chinese population. Methods: In total, 16 SNPs within the 11q23.3 locus were genotyped using TaqMan assays for 1,012 AD cases and 1,362 controls. From these SNPs, we selected rs638893 with an association values of p < 5 × 10-2 for AD for further analysis in an independent replication study using the Sequenom MassARRAY system to genotype an additional (consisting of 1,288 cases and 1,380 controls). The combined analyses were performed in two stages using a meta-analytical method. Results: We identified a common variant at 11q23.3 (rs638893), that was significantly associated (p = 1.58 × 10-3, OR = 1.22) with AD. The genotype-based association analysis revealed that the recessive model provided the best fit for rs638893. Conclusion: Our study identified a variant on chromosome 11q23.3 that likely confers susceptibility to AD, thereby advancing our understanding of the genetic basis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Feng-Li Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Liang-Dan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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11
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Chen KD, Huang YH, Guo MMH, Chang LS, Chu CH, Bu LF, Chu CL, Lee CH, Liu SF, Kuo HC. DNA Methylation Array Identifies Golli-MBP as a Biomarker for Disease Severity in Childhood Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:104-113. [PMID: 34293355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the changes in global methylation status and its functional relevance in childhood atopic dermatitis (AD). Differences in epigenome-scale methylation events in peripheral blood associated with childhood AD were screened using DNA methylation arrays of 24 patients with AD compared with 24 control subjects. Of the 16,840 differentially methylated CpG regions between AD and control subjects, >97% CpG loci revealed hypomethylation in patients with childhood AD. Among the globally hypomethylated loci, we identified two CpG clusters within the golli-mbp locus of the MBP gene, which was functionally enriched by subnetwork enrichment analysis as an orchestrator among associated genes. The differential hypomethylation of the top-ranked cg24700313 cluster in the golli-mbp locus was validated by pyrosequencing in an independent cohort of 224 children with AD and 44 control subjects. DNA methylation was found to be negatively correlated with disease severity but showed no significant correlation with IgE levels after age adjustment. The multivariate correlation analysis represents a higher score in AD intensity with significantly increased IgE levels and decreased methylation levels in cg27400313. We concluded that methylation loss in the golli-mbp locus is an epigenetic factor associated with disease severity of childhood AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Den Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mindy Ming-Huey Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sai Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chu
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Statistics, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Feng Bu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Lun Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Feng Liu
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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12
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Epigenetic Changes Induced by Maternal Factors during Fetal Life: Implication for Type 1 Diabetes. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060887. [PMID: 34201206 PMCID: PMC8227197 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are believed to result from T-cell-mediated damage of the target tissue. The immune-mediated tissue injury, in turn, is known to depend on complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Nevertheless, the mechanisms whereby environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases remain elusive and represent a major untapped target to develop novel strategies for disease prevention. Given the impact of the early environment on the developing immune system, epigenetic changes induced by maternal factors during fetal life have been linked to a likelihood of developing an autoimmune disease later in life. In humans, DNA methylation is the epigenetic mechanism most extensively investigated. This review provides an overview of the critical role of DNA methylation changes induced by prenatal maternal conditions contributing to the increased risk of immune-mediated diseases on the offspring, with a particular focus on T1D. A deeper understanding of epigenetic alterations induced by environmental stressors during fetal life may be pivotal for developing targeted prevention strategies of type 1 diabetes by modifying the maternal environment.
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13
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Wang WR, Chen NT, Hsu NY, Kuo IY, Chang HW, Wang JY, Su HJ. Associations among phthalate exposure, DNA methylation of TSLP, and childhood allergy. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:76. [PMID: 33836808 PMCID: PMC8035749 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expressions is linked to asthma and allergic disease. Exposure to phthalate esters, a widely used plasticizer, is associated with respiratory and allergic morbidity. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) causes TSLP upregulation in the skin. In addition, phthalate exposure is associated with changes in environmentally induced DNA methylation, which might cause phenotypic heterogeneity. This study examined the DNA methylation of the TSLP gene to determine the potential mechanism between phthalate exposure and allergic diseases. RESULTS Among all evaluated, only benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP) in the settled dusts were negatively correlated with the methylation levels of TSLP and positively associated with children's respiratory symptoms. The results revealed that every unit increase in BBzP concentration in the settled dust was associated with a 1.75% decrease in the methylation level on upstream 775 bp from the transcription start site (TSS) of TSLP (β = - 1.75, p = 0.015) after adjustment for child's sex, age, BMI, parents' smoking status, allergic history, and education levels, PM2.5, formaldehyde, temperature; and relative humidity. Moreover, every percentage increase in the methylation level was associated with a 20% decrease in the risk of morning respiratory symptoms in the children (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to BBzP in settled dust might increase children's respiratory symptoms in the morning through decreasing TSLP methylation. Therefore, the exposure to BBzP should be reduced especially for the children already having allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ru Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Cheng-Hsing Campus, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Tzu Chen
- Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Yun Hsu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Cheng-Hsing Campus, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - I-Ying Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wen Chang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Cheng-Hsing Campus, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Jen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Cheng-Hsing Campus, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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14
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Yi JZ, McGee JS. Epigenetic-modifying therapies: An emerging avenue for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1167-1176. [PMID: 33752257 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification and the action of microRNAs. These mechanisms coordinate in complex networks to control gene expression, thereby regulating key physiological processes in the skin and immune system. Recently, researchers have turned to the epigenome to understand the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. In psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, epigenetic modifications contribute to key pathogenic events such as immune activation, T-cell polarization and keratinocyte dysfunction. These discoveries have introduced new possibilities for the treatment of skin diseases; unlike genetics, epigenetic alterations are readily modifiable and potentially reversible. In this viewpoint essay, we summarize the current state of epigenetic research in inflammatory skin diseases and propose that targeting the histone machinery is a promising avenue for the development of new therapies for psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Expanding on the progress that has already been made in the field of cancer epigenetics, we discuss existing epigenetic-modifying tools that can be applied to the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases and consider future directions for investigation in order to allow for the widespread clinical application of such therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Z Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean S McGee
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Atopy risk among school-aged children in relation to early exposures to a farm environment: A systematic review. Respir Med 2021; 186:106378. [PMID: 34252858 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Childhood atopy is a complex condition with both a genetic and an environmental component. This systematic review will explore the current understanding of the importance of early life exposures to a farm in the development of atopy measured by objective markers of skin prick testing, and specific IgE measurements in school age children. METHODS A systematic review was performed. RESULTS Among 7285 references identified, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria (13 cross-sectional studies and 1 case-control study). The results were fairly consistent in that early farm-related exposures can protect children from becoming atopic at school age. In general, there was heterogeneity in the assessment of outcomes and exposures. CONCLUSIONS Early-life farm exposures are associated with a protective effect on childhood atopy as assessed by objective markers. Future work should focus on understanding specific farm exposures that may important in these associations between atopy and farm exposures in children.
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16
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Ng YT, Chew FT. A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors associated with atopic dermatitis in Asia. World Allergy Organ J 2020; 13:100477. [PMID: 33204388 PMCID: PMC7645284 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder characterised by intense itch and eczematous lesions. Rising prevalence of AD has been observed worldwide including in Asia. Understanding the risk factors associated with AD may explain its pathogenicity and identify new preventive strategies and treatments. However, AD-associated risk factors and comorbidities specific to Asia have not been systematically reviewed. Methods We performed a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and summarised epidemiological studies investigating personal, family, and environmental factors and comorbidities associated with AD in Asia. Significant factors were assessed if they can be altered through lifestyle practices and further classified into non-modifiable and modifiable factors. Meta-analysis using the random-effect model was also conducted to provide an overall estimate for several significant factors. Results We identified a total of 162 epidemiological studies conducted in Asia. Among non-modifiable factors, a family history of atopic diseases was the most reported, suggesting the involvement of genetics in AD pathogenesis. Among modifiable factors, the results of meta-analyses revealed maternal smoking as the strongest risk factor with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 2.95 (95% CI, 2.43-3.60), followed by active smoking (pooled OR, 1.91, 95% CI, 1.41-2.59). Conclusion While a family history may aid clinicians in identifying high-risk individuals, literature has long suggested the importance of gene-environment interaction. This review identified several modifiable factors including medical treatments, indoor and outdoor environmental exposure, and personal and family lifestyle specific to Asia. Based on the meta-analyses performed, prevention strategies against AD may start from changing personal and family lifestyle choices, especially smoking habits.
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Key Words
- AD, atopic dermatitis
- Asia
- Atopic dermatitis
- CI, Confidence interval
- Eczema
- FLG, Filaggrin
- HR, Hazard ratio
- I2, Inconsistency index
- ISAAC, International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood
- NO2, nitrogen dioxide
- OR, Odds ratio
- PR, Prevalence ratio
- PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
- PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- RR, Relative risk
- Risk factors
- TCM, traditional chinese medicine
- Th, T helper cell
- VOCs, Volatile organic compounds
- p, p-value
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ting Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Li YL, Xing XQ, Xiao Y, Liu YH, Zhou YS, Zhuang M, Li CQ. Correlation between DNA methylation and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin expression in asthmatic airway epithelial cells. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:1399-1406. [PMID: 33040302 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-01000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overexpression of TSLP and DNA methylation in asthma were both risk factors the relationship was not clear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between methylation status of TSLP promoter and mRNA/protein expression in asthmatic airway epithelial cells. METHODS Human bronchial epithelial cells were cultured in vitro and divided into: Control group, treated with PBS, model group, sensitized with LPS (10 μg/mL) for 12 h (37 °C, 5% CO2). Other groups were cultured with the pCMV3 plasmid (M + NC/pCMV), pGPH1 plasmid (M + NC/pGPH), DNMT1/pCMV3 plasmid (M + DNMT1/pCMV), and DNMT1/pGPH1 plasmid (M + DNMT1/pGPH) for 48 h. The expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 and TSLP were measured using real-time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the control group, TSLP mRNA (1.00 ± 0.00 vs. 2.82 ± 0.81 vs. 1, P < 0.001) and protein (1.07 ± 0.04 vs. 1.46 ± 0.11, P < 0.01) were significantly greater, and the methylation of promoter was lower (92.75 ± 1.26 vs. 58.57 ± 3.34, P < 0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, TSLP mRNA (2.82 ± 0.81 vs. 1.17 ± 0.10, P < 0.001) decreased, but TSLP promoter methylation increased (58.57 ± 3.34 vs. 92.58 ± 7.30, P < 0.05) in M + DNMT1/pCMV. TSLP mRNA and protein were higher (2.82 ± 0.81 vs. 5.32 ± 0.21, P < 0.001; 1.46 ± 0.11 vs. 1.94 ± 0.11, respectively, P < 0.01), TSLP promoter methylation was lower (58.57 ± 3.34 vs. 33.57 ± 4.29, P < 0.05) in M + DNMT1/pGPH. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of TSLP in asthmatic airway epithelial cells may be regulated by DNA demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yan'An Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Qian Xing
- First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yan'An Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xiao
- First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yan'An Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yan'An Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Shan Zhou
- First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yan'An Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhuang
- First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yan'An Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Qian Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Genetic and Epigenetic Aspects of Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186484. [PMID: 32899887 PMCID: PMC7554821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease, in which the pathogenesis is associated with mutations in genes encoding epidermal structural proteins, barrier enzymes, and their inhibitors; the role of genes regulating innate and adaptive immune responses and environmental factors inducing the disease is also noted. Recent studies point to the key role of epigenetic changes in the development of the disease. Epigenetic modifications are mainly mediated by DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and the action of specific non-coding RNAs. It has been documented that the profile of epigenetic changes in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) differs from that observed in healthy people. This applies to the genes affecting the regulation of immune response and inflammatory processes, e.g., both affecting Th1 bias and promoting Th2 responses and the genes of innate immunity, as well as those encoding the structural proteins of the epidermis. Understanding of the epigenetic alterations is therefore pivotal to both create new molecular classifications of atopic dermatitis and to enable the development of personalized treatment strategies.
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Mu Z, Zhang J. The Role of Genetics, the Environment, and Epigenetics in Atopic Dermatitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1253:107-140. [PMID: 32445093 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3449-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory disease with a genetic background. The prevalence of AD has been increasing in many countries. AD patients often have manifestations of pruritus, generalized skin dryness, and eczematous lesions. The pathogenesis of AD is complicated. The impaired skin barrier and immune imbalance play significant roles in the development of AD. Environmental factors such as allergens and pollutants are associated with the increasing prevalence. Many genetic and environmental factors induce a skin barrier deficiency, and this can lead to immune imbalance, which exacerbates the impaired skin barrier to form a vicious cycle (outside-inside-outside view). Genetic studies find many gene mutations and genetic variants, such as filaggrin mutations, which may directly induce the deficiency of the skin barrier and immune system. Epigenetic studies provide a connection between the relationship of an impaired skin barrier and immune and environmental factors, such as tobacco exposure, pollutants, microbes, and diet and nutrients. AD is a multigene disease, and thus there are many targets for regulation of expression of these genes which may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. However, the epigenetic regulation of environmental factors in AD pathogenesis still needs to be further researched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanglei Mu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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20
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Braun M, Klingelhöfer D, Oremek GM, Quarcoo D, Groneberg DA. Influence of Second-Hand Smoke and Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure on Biomarkers, Genetics and Physiological Processes in Children-An Overview in Research Insights of the Last Few Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3212. [PMID: 32380770 PMCID: PMC7246681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Children are commonly exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in the domestic environment or inside vehicles of smokers. Unfortunately, prenatal tobacco smoke (PTS) exposure is still common, too. SHS is hazardous to the health of smokers and non-smokers, but especially to that of children. SHS and PTS increase the risk for children to develop cancers and can trigger or worsen asthma and allergies, modulate the immune status, and is harmful to lung, heart and blood vessels. Smoking during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and poor birth outcomes as well as changes in the development of the foetus. Lately, some of the molecular and genetic mechanisms that cause adverse health effects in children have been identified. In this review, some of the current insights are discussed. In this regard, it has been found in children that SHS and PTS exposure is associated with changes in levels of enzymes, hormones, and expression of genes, micro RNAs, and proteins. PTS and SHS exposure are major elicitors of mechanisms of oxidative stress. Genetic predisposition can compound the health effects of PTS and SHS exposure. Epigenetic effects might influence in utero gene expression and disease susceptibility. Hence, the limitation of domestic and public exposure to SHS as well as PTS exposure has to be in the focus of policymakers and the public in order to save the health of children at an early age. Global substantial smoke-free policies, health communication campaigns, and behavioural interventions are useful and should be mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Braun
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.K.); (G.M.O.); (D.Q.); (D.A.G.)
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21
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Epigenetic factors involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory skin diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:1049-1060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Down-regulation of Tet2 is associated with Foxp3 TSDR hypermethylation in regulatory T cell of allergic rhinitis. Life Sci 2020; 241:117101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Kim J, Kim Y, Ahn K. Effect of the indoor environment on atopic dermatitis in children. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2020. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2020.8.4.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngmin Kim
- Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Olisova OY, Kochergin NG, Kayumova LN, Zavarykina TM, Dmitriev AA, Asanov AY. Skin DNA methylation profile in atopic dermatitis patients: A case–control study. Exp Dermatol 2019; 29:184-189. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Yu. Olisova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) Moscow Russia
| | - Nikolay G. Kochergin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) Moscow Russia
| | - Lyailya N. Kayumova
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) Moscow Russia
| | - Tatiana M. Zavarykina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Aliy Yu. Asanov
- Department of Medical Genetics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University) Moscow Russia
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Mervis JS, McGee JS. DNA methylation and inflammatory skin diseases. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 312:461-466. [PMID: 31696298 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-02005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression that do not originate from alternations in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification, and gene silencing via the action of microRNAs. Epigenetic dysregulation has been implicated in many disease processes. In the field of dermatology, epigenetic regulation has been extensively explored as a pathologic mechanism in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), which has led to the successful development of epigenetic therapies for CTCL. In recent years, the potential role of epigenetic regulation in the pathogeneses of inflammatory skin diseases has gained greater appreciation. In particular, epigenetic changes in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis have been increasingly studied, with DNA methylation the most rigorously investigated to date. In this review, we provide an overview of DNA methylation in inflammatory skin diseases with an emphasis on psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Mervis
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, J-505, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Jean S McGee
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street, J-505, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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Replicated methylation changes associated with eczema herpeticum and allergic response. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:122. [PMID: 31443688 PMCID: PMC6706929 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although epigenetic mechanisms are important risk factors for allergic disease, few studies have evaluated DNA methylation differences associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), and none has focused on AD with eczema herpeticum (ADEH+). We will determine how methylation varies in AD individuals with/without EH and associated traits. We modeled differences in genome-wide DNA methylation in whole blood cells from 90 ADEH+, 83 ADEH−, and 84 non-atopic, healthy control subjects, replicating in 36 ADEH+, 53 ADEH−, and 55 non-atopic healthy control subjects. We adjusted for cell-type composition in our models and used genome-wide and candidate-gene approaches. Results We replicated one CpG which was significantly differentially methylated by severity, with suggestive replication at four others showing differential methylation by phenotype or severity. Not adjusting for eosinophil content, we identified 490 significantly differentially methylated CpGs (ADEH+ vs healthy controls, genome-wide). Many of these associated with severity measures, especially eosinophil count (431/490 sites). Conclusions We identified a CpG in IL4 associated with serum tIgE levels, supporting a role for Th2 immune mediating mechanisms in AD. Changes in eosinophil level, a measure of disease severity, are associated with methylation changes, providing a potential mechanism for phenotypic changes in immune response-related traits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0714-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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27
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Li S, Chen M, Li Y, Tollefsbol TO. Prenatal epigenetics diets play protective roles against environmental pollution. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:82. [PMID: 31097039 PMCID: PMC6524340 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is thought that germ cells and preimplantation embryos during development are most susceptible to endogenous and exogenous environmental factors because the epigenome in those cells is undergoing dramatic elimination and reconstruction. Exposure to environmental factors such as nutrition, climate, stress, pathogens, toxins, and even social behavior during gametogenesis and early embryogenesis has been shown to influence disease susceptibility in the offspring. Early-life epigenetic modifications, which determine the expression of genetic information stored in the genome, are viewed as one of the general mechanisms linking prenatal exposure and phenotypic changes later in life. From atmospheric pollution, endocrine-disrupting chemicals to heavy metals, research increasingly suggests that environmental pollutions have already produced significant consequences on human health. Moreover, mounting evidence now links such pollution to relevant modification in the epigenome. The epigenetics diet, referring to a class of bioactive dietary compounds such as isothiocyanates in broccoli, genistein in soybean, resveratrol in grape, epigallocatechin-3-gallate in green tea, and ascorbic acid in fruits, has been shown to modify the epigenome leading to beneficial health outcomes. This review will primarily focus on the causes and consequences of prenatal environment pollution exposure on the epigenome, and the potential protective role of the epigenetics diet, which could play a central role in neutralizing epigenomic aberrations against environmental pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhao Li
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Edris A, den Dekker HT, Melén E, Lahousse L. Epigenome-wide association studies in asthma: A systematic review. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49:953-968. [PMID: 31009112 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is a common chronic respiratory airway disease influenced by environmental factors and possibly their interaction with the human genome causing epigenetic changes. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have mainly investigated DNA methylation and its association with disease or traits, exposure factors or gene expression. This systematic review aimed to identify all EWAS assessing differentially methylated sites associated with asthma in humans. DESIGN Structured systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies was used for bias assessment. DATA SOURCES We searched PubMed and Embase databases from 2005 to 2019. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Epigenome-wide association studies testing association between differential methylation and asthma in humans. RESULTS Overall, we identified 16 EWAS studies complying with our search criteria. Twelve studies were conducted on children, and 10 were conducted on sample sizes <150 subjects. Four hundred and nineteen CpGs were reported in children studies after correction for multiple testing. In the adult studies, thousands of differentially methylated sites were identified. Differential methylation in inflammatory-related genes correlated with higher levels of gene expressions of inflammatory modulators in asthma. Differentially methylated genes associated with asthma included SMAD3, SERPINC1, PROK1, IL13, RUNX3 and TIGIT. Forty-one CpGs were replicated at least once in blood samples, and 28 CpGs were replicated in nasal samples. CONCLUSION Although many differentially methylated CpGs in genes known to be involved in asthma have been identified in EWAS to date, we conclude that further studies of larger sample sizes and analyses of differential methylation between different phenotypes are needed in order to comprehensively evaluate the role of epigenetic factors in the pathophysiology and heterogeneity of asthma, and the potential clinical utility to predict or classify patients with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Edris
- Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Herman T den Dekker
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Sachs' Children's Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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29
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Ma B, Allard C, Bouchard L, Perron P, Mittleman MA, Hivert MF, Liang L. Locus-specific DNA methylation prediction in cord blood and placenta. Epigenetics 2019; 14:405-420. [PMID: 30885044 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1588685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is known to be responsive to prenatal exposures, which may be a part of the mechanism linking early developmental exposures to future chronic diseases. Many studies use blood to measure DNA methylation, yet we know that DNA methylation is tissue specific. Placenta is central to fetal growth and development, but it is rarely feasible to collect this tissue in large epidemiological studies; on the other hand, cord blood samples are more accessible. In this study, based on paired samples of both placenta and cord blood tissues from 169 individuals, we investigated the methylation concordance between placenta and cord blood. We then employed a machine-learning-based model to predict locus-specific DNA methylation levels in placenta using DNA methylation levels in cord blood. We found that methylation correlation between placenta and cord blood is lower than other tissue pairs, consistent with existing observations that placenta methylation has a distinct pattern. Nonetheless, there are still a number of CpG sites showing robust association between the two tissues. We built prediction models for placenta methylation based on cord blood data and documented a subset of 1,012 CpG sites with high correlation between measured and predicted placenta methylation levels. The resulting list of CpG sites and prediction models could help to reveal the loci where internal or external influences may affect DNA methylation in both placenta and cord blood, and provide a reference data to predict the effects on placenta in future study even when the tissue is not available in an epidemiological study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshan Ma
- a College of Information Science and Technology , Dalian Maritime University , Dalian , Liaoning Province , China
| | - Catherine Allard
- b Centre de Recherche du Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- b Centre de Recherche du Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada.,c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada.,d ECOGENE-21 Biocluster , CSSS de Chicoutimi , Chicoutimi , Quebec , Canada
| | - Patrice Perron
- b Centre de Recherche du Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada.,e Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- f Department of Epidemiology , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA.,g Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- b Centre de Recherche du Center Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada.,e Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada.,h Department of Population Medicine , Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,i Diabetes Unit , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Liming Liang
- f Department of Epidemiology , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA.,j Department of Biostatistics , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
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30
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Gallant MJ, Ellis AK. What can we learn about predictors of atopy from birth cohorts and cord blood biomarkers? Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 120:138-144. [PMID: 29413337 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory J Gallant
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Allergy Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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31
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Ghosh D, Bernstein JA, Khurana Hershey GK, Rothenberg ME, Mersha TB. Leveraging Multilayered "Omics" Data for Atopic Dermatitis: A Road Map to Precision Medicine. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2727. [PMID: 30631320 PMCID: PMC6315155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex multifactorial inflammatory skin disease that affects ~280 million people worldwide. About 85% of AD cases begin in childhood, a significant portion of which can persist into adulthood. Moreover, a typical progression of children with AD to food allergy, asthma or allergic rhinitis has been reported (“allergic march” or “atopic march”). AD comprises highly heterogeneous sub-phenotypes/endotypes resulting from complex interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as environmental stimuli, and genetic factors regulating cutaneous functions (impaired barrier function, epidermal lipid, and protease abnormalities), immune functions and the microbiome. Though the roles of high-throughput “omics” integrations in defining endotypes are recognized, current analyses are primarily based on individual omics data and using binary clinical outcomes. Although individual omics analysis, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), can effectively map variants correlated with AD, the majority of the heritability and the functional relevance of discovered variants are not explained or known by the identified variants. The limited success of singular approaches underscores the need for holistic and integrated approaches to investigate complex phenotypes using trans-omics data integration strategies. Integrating omics layers (e.g., genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, lipidome, exposome, microbiome), which often have complementary and synergistic effects, might provide the opportunity to capture the flow of information underlying AD disease manifestation. Overlapping genes/candidates derived from multiple omics types include FLG, SPINK5, S100A8, and SERPINB3 in AD pathogenesis. Overlapping pathways include macrophage, endothelial cell and fibroblast activation pathways, in addition to well-known Th1/Th2 and NFkB activation pathways. Interestingly, there was more multi-omics overlap at the pathway level than gene level. Further analysis of multi-omics overlap at the tissue level showed that among 30 tissue types from the GTEx database, skin and esophagus were significantly enriched, indicating the biological interconnection between AD and food allergy. The present work explores multi-omics integration and provides new biological insights to better define the biological basis of AD etiology and confirm previously reported AD genes/pathways. In this context, we also discuss opportunities and challenges introduced by “big omics data” and their integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajyoti Ghosh
- Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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32
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El-Heis S, Crozier SR, Healy E, Robinson SM, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Inskip HM, Baird J, Godfrey KM. Faltering of prenatal growth precedes the development of atopic eczema in infancy: cohort study. Clin Epidemiol 2018; 10:1851-1864. [PMID: 30588116 PMCID: PMC6296686 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s175878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infants with atopic eczema have an increased risk of impaired growth, but the origin of this impairment is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine fetal and infant growth in relation to infantile atopic eczema. Methods Within the UK Southampton Women's Survey, 1,759 infants with known maternal menstrual data had anthropometric measurements at 11, 19, and 34 weeks' gestation, birth, and ages 6 and 12 months, enabling derivation of growth velocity SD scores. Infantile atopic eczema at ages 6 and/or 12 months was ascertained using modified UK Working Party diagnostic criteria. Results Expressed per SD increase, higher femur length and abdominal circumference at 34 weeks' gestation were associated with decreased risks of atopic eczema (eczema OR/SD increase 0.81 [95% CI 0.69-0.96], P=0.017 and 0.78 [95% CI 0.65-0.93], P=0.006, respectively), while every SD increase in head to abdominal circumference ratio (indicating disproportionate growth) was associated with an increase in risk of atopic eczema (1.37 [1.15-1.63], P=0.001). Lower velocities of linear growth from 11 weeks' gestation to birth and birth to age 6 months were associated with atopic eczema (atopic eczema OR/SD increase 0.80 [0.65-0.98], P=0.034 and 0.8 [1 0.66-1.00], P=0.051, respectively). Infants with atopic eczema at age 12 months had a larger head circumference in early gestation and faltering of abdominal growth velocity from 19 to 34 weeks' gestation (atopic eczema OR/SD increase 0.67 [0.51-0.88], P=0.003). Conclusion Infants with atopic eczema demonstrate altered patterns of fetal growth, including faltering of linear growth in utero, prior to the clinical onset of atopic eczema. These findings suggest growth falters prior to the start of clinical atopic eczema and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah El-Heis
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK,
| | - Sarah R Crozier
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK,
| | - Eugene Healy
- Dermatopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sian M Robinson
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, .,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK,
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, .,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK,
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, .,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK, .,NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hazel M Inskip
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, .,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK,
| | - Janis Baird
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, .,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK,
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK, .,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK, .,Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK,
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33
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Bauer M. Cell-type-specific disturbance of DNA methylation pattern: a chance to get more benefit from and to minimize cohorts for epigenome-wide association studies. Int J Epidemiol 2018; 47:917-927. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bauer
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Permoserst, 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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34
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Kim YM, Kim J, Jung K, Eo S, Ahn K. The effects of particulate matter on atopic dermatitis symptoms are influenced by weather type: Application of spatial synoptic classification (SSC). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2018; 221:823-829. [PMID: 29853291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of weather and air pollution on atopic dermatitis (AD) flares have not been well investigated. To investigate the effects of particulate matter (PM) on AD symptoms by weather type, a total of 125 young children (76 boys and 49 girls) under 6 years of age with AD living in Seoul, Korea, were enrolled as a panel and followed for 17 months between August 2013 and December 2014. AD symptoms were recorded on a daily basis, including itching, sleep disturbance, erythema, dry skin, oozing, and edema. Daily weather was classified into 7 categories according to spatial synoptic classification (SSC). Personal exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 and 10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10, respectively) in each individual was estimated with time-weighted average concentrations considering outdoor and indoor levels of PMs and time to spend outdoors or indoors in a day. Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the effects of PM2.5 and PM10 on AD symptoms, controlling for ambient temperature, humidity, age, sex, SCORAD (SCORing of AD) at enrollment, fever, day of week, and topical corticosteroid use. A total of 20,168 person-days of symptom records were collected. The presence of AD symptoms was higher on dry polar (DP) days (45.4%, P < .0001) than on moist tropical (MT) days (37.7%, P < .0001). Overall, the risk of AD symptoms significantly increased with increased exposure to PM2.5 and PM10. Among the 7 weather types, the risks of AD symptoms caused by PM2.5 and PM10 exposure were significantly increased on dry moderate (DM) days, while not significant on the other weather types. In addition, lagged effect of PM2.5 up to 4 days was found on DM days. In conclusion, dry moderate weather type, particulate matters, and their modifying effects should be simultaneously considered for proper management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Kim
- Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Jung
- Seoul Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gwacheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomi Eo
- Seoul Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gwacheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Taylor RM, Smith R, Collins CE, Mossman D, Wong-Brown MW, Chan EC, Evans TJ, Attia JR, Smith T, Butler T, Hure AJ. Methyl-Donor and Cofactor Nutrient Intakes in the First 2-3 Years and Global DNA Methylation at Age 4: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E273. [PMID: 29495543 PMCID: PMC5872691 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the early postnatal period, the impact of nutrition on DNA methylation has not been well studied in humans. The aim was to quantify the relationship between one-carbon metabolism nutrient intake during the first three years of life and global DNA methylation levels at four years. DESIGN Childhood dietary intake was assessed using infant feeding questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires, 4-day weighed food records and 24-h food records. The dietary records were used to estimate the intake of methionine, folate, vitamins B2, B6 and B12 and choline. The accumulative nutrient intake specific rank from three months to three years of age was used for analysis. Global DNA methylation (%5-methyl cytosines (%5-mC)) was measured in buccal cells at four years of age, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) commercial kit. Linear regression models were used to quantify the statistical relationships. RESULTS Data were collected from 73 children recruited from the Women and their Children's Health (WATCH) study. No association was found between one-carbon metabolism nutrient intake and global DNA methylation levels (P > 0.05). Global DNA methylation levels in males were significantly higher than in females (median %5-mC: 1.82 vs. 1.03, males and females respectively, (P < 0.05)). CONCLUSION No association was found between the intake of one-carbon metabolism nutrients during the early postnatal period and global DNA methylation levels at age four years. Higher global DNA methylation levels in males warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M. Taylor
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (R.S.); (C.E.C.); (T.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
| | - Roger Smith
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (R.S.); (C.E.C.); (T.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
| | - Clare E. Collins
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (R.S.); (C.E.C.); (T.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - David Mossman
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Michelle W. Wong-Brown
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Eng-Cheng Chan
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
| | - Tiffany-Jane Evans
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
- Clinical Research Design IT and Statistical Support (CReDITSS) Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - John R. Attia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
- Clinical Research Design IT and Statistical Support (CReDITSS) Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Tenele Smith
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (R.S.); (C.E.C.); (T.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
| | - Trent Butler
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (R.S.); (C.E.C.); (T.S.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
| | - Alexis J. Hure
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (E.-C.C.); (J.R.A.); (A.J.H.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; (D.M.); (M.W.W.-B.); (T.-J.E.)
- Priority Research Centre for Generational, Health and Ageing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Knopik VS, Marceau K, Bidwell LC, Rolan E. Prenatal substance exposure and offspring development: Does DNA methylation play a role? Neurotoxicol Teratol 2018; 71:50-63. [PMID: 29408446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The period of in utero development is one of the most critical windows during which adverse conditions and exposures may influence the growth and development of the fetus as well as its future postnatal health and behavior. Maternal substance use during pregnancy remains a relatively common but nonetheless hazardous in utero exposure. For example, previous epidemiological studies have associated prenatal substance exposure with reduced birth weight, poor developmental and psychological outcomes, and increased risk for diseases and behavioral disorders (e.g., externalizing behaviors like ADHD, conduct disorder, and substance use) later in life. Researchers are now learning that many of the mechanisms whereby adverse in utero exposures may affect key pathways crucial for proper fetal growth and development are epigenetic in nature, with the majority of work in humans considering DNA methylation specifically. This review will explore the research to date on epigenetic alterations tied to maternal substance use during pregnancy and will also discuss the possible role of DNA methylation in the robust relationship between maternal substance use and later behavioral and developmental sequelae in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie S Knopik
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Kristine Marceau
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - L Cinnamon Bidwell
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Emily Rolan
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Martin EM, Fry RC. Environmental Influences on the Epigenome: Exposure- Associated DNA Methylation in Human Populations. Annu Rev Public Health 2018; 39:309-333. [PMID: 29328878 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040617-014629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is the most well studied of the epigenetic regulators in relation to environmental exposures. To date, numerous studies have detailed the manner by which DNA methylation is influenced by the environment, resulting in altered global and gene-specific DNA methylation. These studies have focused on prenatal, early-life, and adult exposure scenarios. The present review summarizes currently available literature that demonstrates a relationship between DNA methylation and environmental exposures. It includes studies on aflatoxin B1, air pollution, arsenic, bisphenol A, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants, tobacco smoke, and nutritional factors. It also addresses gaps in the literature and future directions for research. These gaps include studies of mixtures, sexual dimorphisms with respect to environmentally associated methylation changes, tissue specificity, and temporal stability of the methylation marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Martin
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Curriculum in Toxicology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; ,
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Curriculum in Toxicology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; ,
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van Otterdijk SD, Binder AM, Michels KB. Locus-specific DNA methylation in the placenta is associated with levels of pro-inflammatory proteins in cord blood and they are both independently affected by maternal smoking during pregnancy. Epigenetics 2017; 12:875-885. [PMID: 28820654 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1361592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy on placental DNA methylation and how this may mediate the association between maternal smoking and pro-inflammatory proteins in cord blood. The study population consisted of 27 individuals exposed to maternal smoking throughout pregnancy, 32 individuals exposed during a proportion of the pregnancy, and 61 unexposed individuals. Methylation of 11 regions within 6 genes in placenta tissue was assessed by pyrosequencing. Levels of 7 pro-inflammatory proteins in cord blood were assessed by electrochemiluminescence. Differential methylation was observed in the CYP1A1 promoter and AHRR gene body regions between women who smoked throughout pregnancy and non-smokers on the fetal-side of the placenta and in the GFI1 promoter between women who quit smoking while pregnant and non-smokers on the maternal-side of the placenta. Maternal smoking resulted in elevated levels of IL-8 protein in cord blood, which was not mediated by DNA methylation of our candidate regions at either the maternal or the fetal side of the placenta. Placental DNA methylation was associated with levels of inflammatory proteins in cord blood. Our observations suggest that maternal smoking during pregnancy affects both placental DNA methylation and the neonate's immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne D van Otterdijk
- a Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center , University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA
| | - Alexandra M Binder
- b Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA.,c Department of Epidemiology , Harvard School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Karin B Michels
- a Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center , University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA.,c Department of Epidemiology , Harvard School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
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Li W, Liang R, Huang H, Wu B, Zhong Y. Effects of IFN-γ on cell growth and the expression of ADAM33 gene in human embryonic lung Mrc-5 fibroblasts in vitro. J Asthma 2017; 55:15-25. [PMID: 28346792 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2017.1310226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) on the proliferation and viability of human embryonic lung Mrc-5 fibroblasts in vitro and the expression of the A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) gene and to explore the mechanism of airway remodeling. METHODS Mrc-5 fibroblasts were sensitized with Dermatophagoides farinae 1 (Derf1) in vitro to mimic in vivo conditions observed in bronchial asthma. An inverted fluorescence microscope was used to observe changes in cell morphology before and after treatment. The viability of Mrc-5 cells was tested using the Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK8). Expression of the ADAM33 gene and protein in Mrc-5 cells was assessed using qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Different concentrations of Derf1 increased cell growth and the expression of the ADAM33 gene in Mrc-5 cells, and these changes were most obvious in the 10 µg/ml group. In contrast, IFN-γ decreased cell growth and the expression of the ADAM33 gene in both Mrc-5 cells and Derf1-induced Mrc-5 cells, and these changes were most obvious in the 10 ng/ml group. The negative effects of 10 ng/ml IFN-γ were the most significant at 32 hours. CONCLUSIONS Derf1-induced Mrc-5 cells successfully imitated the in vivo conditions observed in patients with asthma. IFN-γ inhibited the proliferation and viability of Mrc-5 cells, and Derf1-induced Mrc-5 cells were more sensitive to IFN-γ treatment. IFN-γ treatment significantly downregulated the expression of the ADAM33 gene in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. IFN-γ may participate in airway remodeling in asthma by regulating the expression of the ADAM33 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- a Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Rongrong Liang
- a Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Huarong Huang
- a Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Baojing Wu
- a Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Yingqiang Zhong
- b Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,c Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
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40
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Timm S, Schlünssen V, Olsen J, Ramlau-Hansen CH. Prenatal antibiotics and atopic dermatitis among 18-month-old children in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:929-936. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Timm
- Department of Public Health; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
| | - V. Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
- National Research Center for Working Environment; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. Olsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
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Potaczek DP, Harb H, Michel S, Alhamwe BA, Renz H, Tost J. Epigenetics and allergy: from basic mechanisms to clinical applications. Epigenomics 2017; 9:539-571. [PMID: 28322581 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases are on the rise in the Western world and well-known allergy-protecting and -driving factors such as microbial and dietary exposure, pollution and smoking mediate their influence through alterations of the epigenetic landscape. Here, we review key facts on the involvement of epigenetic modifications in allergic diseases and summarize and critically evaluate the lessons learned from epigenome-wide association studies. We show the potential of epigenetic changes for various clinical applications: as diagnostic tools, to assess tolerance following immunotherapy or possibly predict the success of therapy at an early time point. Furthermore, new technological advances such as epigenome editing and DNAzymes will allow targeted alterations of the epigenome in the future and provide novel therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Potaczek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN).,German Centre for Lung Research (DZL).,John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Hani Harb
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN).,German Centre for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Sven Michel
- Secarna Pharmaceuticals GmbH & Co KG, Planegg, Germany
| | - Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN).,German Centre for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
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42
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Richmond RC, Joubert BR. Contrasting the effects of intra-uterine smoking and one-carbon micronutrient exposures on offspring DNA methylation. Epigenomics 2017; 9:351-367. [PMID: 28234021 PMCID: PMC5331918 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking and micronutrient intake during pregnancy are two strong biological candidates for impacting the developing epigenome. The extent to which DNA methylation in offspring is modified by these intrauterine exposures has not been presented in parallel. In this review, we summarize human studies which have investigated genome-wide DNA methylation in the offspring in relation to maternal smoking and one-carbon micronutrient exposure during pregnancy. We contrast the primarily independent efforts for these two categories of exposure, and potential explanations for these differences. We emphasize methodological considerations such as power to detect methylation signals, exposure assessment, control of sources of variability, causal inference and the role of observed methylation changes in mediating downstream outcomes in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Bonnie R Joubert
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Liang Y, Chang C, Lu Q. The Genetics and Epigenetics of Atopic Dermatitis-Filaggrin and Other Polymorphisms. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2017; 51:315-328. [PMID: 26385242 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic evidences depict a complex network comprising by epidermal barrier dysfunctions and dysregulation of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of AD. Mutations in the human filaggrin gene (FLG) are the most significant and well-replicated genetic mutation associated with AD, and other mutations associated with epidermal barriers such as SPINK5, FLG-2, SPRR3, and CLDN1 have all been linked to AD. Gene variants may also contribute to the abnormal innate and adaptive responses found in AD, including mutations in PRRs and AMPs, TSLP and TSLPR, IL-1 family cytokines and receptors genes, vitamin D pathway genes, FCER1A, and Th2 and other cytokines genes. GWAS and Immunochip analysis have identified a total of 19 susceptibility loci for AD. Candidate genes at these susceptibility loci identified by GWAS and Immunochip analysis also suggest roles for epidermal barrier functions, innate and adaptive immunity, interleukin-1 family signaling, regulatory T cells, the vitamin D pathway, and the nerve growth factor pathway in the pathogenesis of AD. Increasing evidences show the modern lifestyle (i.e., the hygiene hypothesis, Western diet) and other environmental factors such as pollution and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) lead to the increasing prevalence of AD with the development of industrialization. Epigenetic alterations in response to these environmental factors, including DNA methylation and microRNA related to immune system and skin barriers, have been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Genetic variants and epigenetic alteration might be the key tools for the molecular taxonomy of AD and provide the background for the personalized management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Liang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics & Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics & Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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44
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Genome-wide methylation profiles in coronary artery ectasia. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:583-594. [PMID: 28143891 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a disease characterized by abnormally dilated coronary arteries. The mechanism of CAE remains unclear, and its treatment is limited. Previous studies have shown that risk factors for CAE were related to changes in DNA methylation. However, no systematic investigation of methylation profiles has been performed. Therefore, we compared methylation profiles between 12 CAE patients and 12 propensity-matched individuals with normal coronary arteries using microarrays. Wilcoxon's rank sum tests revealed 89 genes with significantly different methylation levels (P<0.05 and Δβ > |0.1|). Functional characterization using the DAVID database and gene set enrichment analysis indicated that these genes were involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Of these genes 6 were validated in 29 CAE patients and 87 matched individuals with CAE, using pyro-sequencing. TLR6 and NOTCH4 showed significant differences in methylation between the two groups, and lower protein levels of toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) were detected in CAE patients. In conclusion, this genome-wide analysis of methylation profiles in CAE patients showed that significant changes in both methylation and expression of TLR6 deserve further study to elucidate their roles in CAE.
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Abstract
Asthma and allergic diseases are among the most prevalent chronic noncommunicable diseases of childhood, but the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are poorly understood. Because epigenetic mechanisms link gene regulation to environmental cues and developmental trajectories, their contribution to asthma and allergy pathogenesis is under active investigation. DNA methylation signatures associated with concurrent disease and with the development of asthma during childhood asthma have been identified, but their significance is not easily interpretable. On the other hand, the characterization of early epigenetic predictors of asthma points to a potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating the inception of, and the susceptibility to, this disease.
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46
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Tan L, Ou J, Tao Z, Kong Y, Xu Y. Neonatal Immune State Is Influenced by Maternal Allergic Rhinitis and Associated With Regulatory T cells. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017; 9:133-141. [PMID: 28102058 PMCID: PMC5266115 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2017.9.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Maternal influences contribute to the origin of allergic diseases, but the mechanisms are not clear. The current literature prompted the role of epigenetics in the development of allergic diseases. We sought to investigate the roles of regulatory T (Treg) cells and Forkhead box p3 (Foxp3) DNA methylation in the process of maternal transmission of allergic rhinitis (AR) susceptibility. Methods BALB/c female mice (AR mother) were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) 1 on day 1 and 7. Then they mated with normal male mice on day 8. From day 21 to 28, the female mice were intranasal challenged with Der p 1 continuously. The normal controls were given with normal saline in the same way. On postnatal day 3, Female mice and their offspring were sacrificed to detect their histopathology in nasal mucosae, cytokines in sera of mother and spleen homogenates of offspring, Treg cells count, Foxp3 mRNA expressions, and Foxp3 DNA methylation levels in spleens. Results Compared with the normal controls, neonatal offspring of Der p 1-stimulated female mice (AR offspring) showed the elevation of interleukin (IL)-4 (P<0.01) and IL-17 (P<0.01), the submission of IL-10 (P<0.01) in spleen homogenates. Further, Treg cells count in AR offspring decreased remarkably compared with the normal offspring (P<0.01). Though the difference of Foxp3 DNA methylation level between AR offspring and normal control offspring was not obvious, correlation analysis demonstrated that there was significantly positive correlation between Foxp3 DNA methylation level of mother and that of offspring (r=0.803, P<0.01). Conclusions Under the influence of Maternal AR, their neonatal offspring develop into T-helper type 2 (Th2) dominant immune state, which is closely associated with the recession of Treg cells. Foxp3 DNA methylation may be a mechanism responsible for that maternal effect but still need more studies to ensure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Ou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zezhang Tao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonggang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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47
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David Boothe W, Tarbox JA, Tarbox MB. Atopic Dermatitis: Pathophysiology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1027:21-37. [PMID: 29063428 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-64804-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis is complex and multifactorial, involving elements of barrier dysfunction, alterations in cell mediated immune responses, IgE mediated hypersensitivity, and environmental factors. Loss of function mutations in filaggrin have been implicated in severe atopic dermatitis due to a potential increase in trans-epidermal water loss, pH alterations, and dehydration. Other genetic changes have also been identified which may alter the skin's barrier function, resulting in an atopic dermatitis phenotype. The imbalance of Th2 to Th1 cytokines observed in atopic dermatitis can create alterations in the cell mediated immune responses and can promote IgE mediated hypersensitivity, both of which appear to play a role in the development of atopic dermatitis. One must additionally take into consideration the role of the environment on the causation of atopic dermatitis and the impact of chemicals such as airborne formaldehyde, harsh detergents, fragrances, and preservatives. Use of harsh alkaline detergents in skin care products may also unfavorably alter the skin's pH causing downstream changes in enzyme activity and triggering inflammation. Environmental pollutants can trigger responses from both the innate and adaptive immune pathways. This chapter will discuss the multifaceted etiology of atopic dermatitis which will help us to elucidate potential therapeutic targets. We will also review existing treatment options and their interaction with the complex inflammatory and molecular triggers of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W David Boothe
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - James A Tarbox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Michelle B Tarbox
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Infant's DNA Methylation Age at Birth and Epigenetic Aging Accelerators. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4515928. [PMID: 28058257 PMCID: PMC5183755 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4515928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Knowing the biological age of the neonates enables us to evaluate and better understand the health and maturity comprehensively. However, because of dearth of biomarkers, it is difficult to quantify the neonatal biological age. Here we sought to quantify and assess the variability in biological age at birth and to better understand how the aging rates before birth are influenced by exposure in intrauterine period by employing a novel epigenetic biomarker of aging (epigenetic clock). We observed that the methylation age at birth was independent of the infant's sex but was significantly influenced by race. Partial correlation analysis showed a significant negative relationship between maternal socioeconomic status and infants' methylation age (rs = −0.48, Ps = 0.005). A significant association with the risk of fast aging was observed for prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke with OR (95% CI) of 3.17 (1.05–9.56). Both estimated cell abundance measures and lymphocyte subpopulations in cord blood showed that tobacco exposed group exhibit an altered T cell compartment, specifically substantial loss of naive T cells. Present study provides the first evidence that common perinatal exposure (such as maternal smoking and lower socioeconomic status) may be important aging accelerators and substantial loss of naive T cells may play a role in the smoking-related fast aging phenomenon.
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Stemmler S, Hoffjan S. Trying to understand the genetics of atopic dermatitis. Mol Cell Probes 2016; 30:374-385. [PMID: 27725295 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and complex skin disease associated with both genetic and environmental factors. Loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene, encoding a structural protein with an important role in epidermal barrier function, constitutes a well recognised susceptibility locus for AD. Further, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including large meta-analyses, have discovered 38 additional susceptibility loci with genome-wide significance. However, the reported variations only explain a fraction of the overall heritability of AD. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of filaggrin and the epidermal differentiation complex as well as the results of GWAS, with an emphasis on novel findings and observations made in the past two years. Additionally, we present first results of exome sequencing for AD and discuss novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Hoffjan
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
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Gupta J, Johansson E, Bernstein JA, Chakraborty R, Khurana Hershey GK, Rothenberg ME, Mersha TB. Resolving the etiology of atopic disorders by using genetic analysis of racial ancestry. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:676-699. [PMID: 27297995 PMCID: PMC5014679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma are common atopic disorders of complex etiology. The frequently observed atopic march from early AD to asthma, allergic rhinitis, or both later in life and the extensive comorbidity of atopic disorders suggest common causal mechanisms in addition to distinct ones. Indeed, both disease-specific and shared genomic regions exist for atopic disorders. Their prevalence also varies among races; for example, AD and asthma have a higher prevalence in African Americans when compared with European Americans. Whether this disparity stems from true genetic or race-specific environmental risk factors or both is unknown. Thus far, the majority of the genetic studies on atopic diseases have used populations of European ancestry, limiting their generalizability. Large-cohort initiatives and new analytic methods, such as admixture mapping, are currently being used to address this knowledge gap. Here we discuss the unique and shared genetic risk factors for atopic disorders in the context of ancestry variations and the promise of high-throughput "-omics"-based systems biology approach in providing greater insight to deconstruct their genetic and nongenetic etiologies. Future research will also focus on deep phenotyping and genotyping of diverse racial ancestry, gene-environment, and gene-gene interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Gupta
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Elisabet Johansson
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Division of Immunology/Allergy Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ranajit Chakraborty
- Center for Computational Genomics, Institute of Applied Genetics, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Tex
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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