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Ottosson F, Engström G, Orho‐Melander M, Melander O, Nilsson PM, Johansson M. Plasma Metabolome Predicts Aortic Stiffness and Future Risk of Coronary Artery Disease and Mortality After 23 Years of Follow-Up in the General Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033442. [PMID: 38639368 PMCID: PMC11179945 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased aortic stiffness (arteriosclerosis) is associated with early vascular aging independent of age and sex. The underlying mechanisms of early vascular aging remain largely unexplored in the general population. We aimed to investigate the plasma metabolomic profile in aortic stiffness (vascular aging) and associated risk of incident cardiovascular disease and mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 6865 individuals from 2 Swedish population-based cohorts. Untargeted plasma metabolomics was performed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry. Aortic stiffness was assessed directly by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and indirectly by augmentation index (AIx@75). A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was created on plasma metabolites in order to predict aortic stiffness. Associations between metabolite-predicted aortic stiffness and risk of new-onset cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality were calculated. Metabolite-predicted aortic stiffness (PWV and AIx@75) was positively associated particularly with acylcarnitines, dimethylguanidino valeric acid, glutamate, and cystine. The plasma metabolome predicted aortic stiffness (PWV and AIx@75) with good accuracy (R2=0.27 and R2=0.39, respectively). Metabolite-predicted aortic stiffness (PWV and AIx@75) was significantly correlated with age, sex, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and low-density lipoprotein. After 23 years of follow-up, metabolite-predicted aortic stiffness (PWV and AIx@75) was significantly associated with increased risk of new-onset coronary artery disease, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Aortic stiffness is associated particularly with altered metabolism of acylcarnitines, cystine, and dimethylguanidino valeric acid. These metabolic disturbances predict increased risk of new-onset coronary artery disease, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality after more than 23 years of follow-up in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Ottosson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
- Section for Clinical Mass SpectrometryStatens Serum InstitutCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | | | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
- Department of Internal MedicineSkåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
- Department of Internal MedicineSkåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
| | - Madeleine Johansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in MalmöLund UniversityMalmöSweden
- Department of CardiologySkåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
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Ya'ar Bar S, Pintel N, Abd Alghne H, Khattib H, Avni D. The therapeutic potential of sphingolipids for cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1224743. [PMID: 37608809 PMCID: PMC10440740 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1224743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and Inflammation plays a critical role in the development of CVD. Despite considerable progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms and various treatment options available, significant gaps in therapy necessitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Sphingolipids are a family of lipids that have gained attention in recent years as important players in CVDs and the inflammatory processes that underlie their development. As preclinical studies have shown that targeting sphingolipids can modulate inflammation and ameliorate CVDs, targeting sphingolipids has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the current understanding of sphingolipids' involvement in inflammation and cardiovascular diseases, the existing therapeutic approaches and gaps in therapy, and explores the potential of sphingolipids-based drugs as a future avenue for CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapir Ya'ar Bar
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Noam Pintel
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Hesen Abd Alghne
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Tel-Hai College Department of Biotechnology, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Hamdan Khattib
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dorit Avni
- Department of Natural Compound, Nutrition, and Health, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Tel-Hai College Department of Biotechnology, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
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3
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Diagnosing Arterial Stiffness in Pregnancy and Its Implications in the Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Chain. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092221. [PMID: 36140621 PMCID: PMC9497660 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardio-renal and metabolic modifications during gestation are crucial determinants of foetal and maternal health in the short and long term. The cardio-renal metabolic syndrome is a vicious circle that starts in the presence of risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease and ageing, all predisposing to a status dominated by increased arterial stiffness and alteration of the vascular wall, which eventually damages the target organs, such as the heart and kidneys. The literature is scarce regarding cardio-renal metabolic syndrome in pregnancy cohorts. The present paper exposes the current state of the art and emphasises the most important findings of this entity, particularly in pregnant women. The early assessment of arterial function can lead to proper and individualised measures for women predisposed to hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and diabetes mellitus. This review focuses on available information regarding the assessment of arterial function during gestation, possible cut-off values, the possible predictive role for future events and modalities to reverse or control its dysfunction, a fact of crucial importance with excellent outcomes at meagre costs.
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Paapstel K, Kals J. Metabolomics of Arterial Stiffness. Metabolites 2022; 12:370. [PMID: 35629874 PMCID: PMC9146333 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness (AS) is one of the earliest detectable signs of structural and functional alterations of the vessel wall and an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and death. The emerging field of metabolomics can be utilized to detect a wide spectrum of intermediates and products of metabolism in body fluids that can be involved in the pathogenesis of AS. Research over the past decade has reinforced this idea by linking AS to circulating acylcarnitines, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and amino acids, among other metabolite species. Some of these metabolites influence AS through traditional cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, smoking), while others seem to act independently through both known and unknown pathophysiological mechanisms. We propose the term 'arteriometabolomics' to indicate the research that applies metabolomics methods to study AS. The 'arteriometabolomics' approach has the potential to allow more personalized cardiovascular risk stratification, disease monitoring, and treatment selection. One of its major goals is to uncover the causal metabolic pathways of AS. Such pathways could represent valuable treatment targets in vascular ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaido Paapstel
- Endothelial Research Centre, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Heart Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Kals
- Endothelial Research Centre, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Surgery Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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Kauko A, Palmu J, Jousilahti P, Havulinna A, Salomaa V, Niiranen T. Associations between circulating metabolites and arterial stiffness. J Hum Hypertens 2020; 35:809-811. [PMID: 33093615 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-00434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anni Kauko
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Joonatan Palmu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Havulinna
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM-HiLIFE, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland
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Katakami N, Omori K, Taya N, Arakawa S, Takahara M, Matsuoka TA, Tsugawa H, Furuno M, Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Shimomura I. Plasma metabolites associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:75. [PMID: 32527273 PMCID: PMC7291560 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01057-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although an increased arterial stiffness has been associated with traditional coronary risk factors, the risk factors and pathology of arterial stiffness remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the plasma metabolites associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS We used the metabolomic data of 209 patients with type 2 diabetes as the first dataset for screening. To form the second dataset for validation, we enlisted an additional 31 individuals with type 2 diabetes. The non-targeted metabolome analysis of fasting plasma samples using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and the measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were performed. RESULTS A total of 65 annotated metabolites were detected. In the screening dataset, there were statistically significant associations between the baPWV and plasma levels of indoxyl sulfate (r = 0.226, p = 0.001), mannitol (r = 0.178, p = 0.010), mesoerythritol (r = 0.234, p = 0.001), and pyroglutamic acid (r = 0.182, p = 0.008). Multivariate regression analyses revealed that the plasma levels of mesoerythritol were significantly (β = 0.163, p = 0.025) and that of indoxyl sulfate were marginally (β = 0.124, p = 0.076) associated with baPWV, even after adjusting for traditional coronary risk factors. In the independent validation dataset, there was a statistically significant association between the baPWV and plasma levels of indoxyl sulfate (r = 0.430, p = 0.016). However, significant associations between the baPWV and plasma levels of the other three metabolites were not confirmed. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The plasma levels of indoxyl sulfate were associated with arterial stiffness in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Although the plasma levels of mannitol, mesoerythritol, and pyroglutamic acid were also associated with arterial stiffness, further investigation is needed to verify the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Katakami
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Omori
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naohiro Taya
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shoya Arakawa
- Laboratory of Bioresource Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takahara
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsugawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Furuno
- Laboratory of Bioresource Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Fukusaki
- Laboratory of Bioresource Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Chatterjee S, Zheng L, Ma S, Bedja D, Bandaru VVR, Kim G, Rangecroft AB, Iocco D, Campbell SA. Management of metabolic syndrome and reduction in body weight in type II diabetic mice by inhibiting glycosphingolipid synthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:455-461. [PMID: 32107002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is defined by hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular complications. We have examined whether inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis can interfere with metabolic syndrome in a male mouse model of type II diabetes (db/db). The db/db and control mice (C57/BL6) (n = 6) fed chow for 30 weeks received vehicle (5% Tween-80 in PBS; 100 μl), or a biopolymer-encapsulated D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (BPD) glycosphingolipid synthesis inhibitor daily via oral gavage for 6 weeks. Echocardiography revealed increased Ao-IMT in db/db mice compared to control. However, BPD decreased Ao-IMT, monohexosylceramide and dihexosylceramide, LDL, triglycerides, glucose, and raised HDL levels in db/db mice. This was due to increased gene expression of HMG-CoA reductase, LDLr, SREBP2, and bile acids: Cy7-a hydroxylase, LXR and FXR, lipoprotein lipase, VLDL receptor and PPAR. Treatment also increased the expression of superoxide dismutase-II to reduce the pro-oxidant status in these mice. We observed that decreased cholesterol levels correlated with decreased cholesterol sensing proteins e.g. NPC1 gene/protein expression and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC-1) and reduced body weight. Thus, glycosphingolipid synthesis inhibition is a novel approach to manage metabolic syndrome and reduce body weight in diabetic mice and with potential applications in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subroto Chatterjee
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Lucy Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Djahida Bedja
- Department of Defense, 8228 Scully Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| | - Veera Venkata Ratnam Bandaru
- Department of Defense, 8228 Scully Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Grace Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Alexa B Rangecroft
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Domenica Iocco
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Sean A Campbell
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiology Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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Li C, He J, Li S, Chen W, Bazzano L, Sun X, Shen L, Liang L, Shen Y, Gu X, Kelly TN. Novel Metabolites Are Associated With Augmentation Index and Pulse Wave Velocity: Findings From the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:547-556. [PMID: 30953049 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomics study may help identify novel mechanisms underlying arterial stiffening. METHODS We performed untargeted metabolomics profiling among 1,239 participants of the Bogalusa Heart Study. After quality control, 1,202 metabolites were evaluated for associations with augmentation index (AI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), using multivariate linear regression adjusting for age, sex, race, education, smoking, drinking, body weight, body height, physical activity, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Heart rate, blood pressure and antihypertensive medication usage, lipids, and fasting glucose were sequentially adjusted in the sensitivity analyses for significant metabolites. Weighted correlation network analysis was applied to build metabolite networks. RESULTS Six novel metabolites were negatively associated with AI, of which, 3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate had the lowest P value and the largest effect size (β = -6.67, P = 5.99 × 10-6). Heart rate contributed to a large proportion (25%-58%) of the association for each metabolite. Twenty-one novel metabolites were identified for PWV, of which, fructose (β = 0.61, P = 6.18 × 10-10) was most significant, and histidine had the largest effect size (β = -1.09, P = 2.51 × 10-7). Blood pressure played a major contribution (9%-54%) to the association for each metabolite. Furthermore, 16 metabolites were associated with arterial stiffness independent of traditional risk factors. Network analysis identified 2 modules associated with both AI and PWV (P < 8.00 × 10-4). One was composed of metabolites from the glycerolipids synthesis and recycling pathway, and the other was involved in valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism. One module related to sphingomyelin metabolism was associated with PWV only (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS This study has identified novel and important metabolites and metabolic networks associated with arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia College of Public Health, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Shengxu Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lydia Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Luqi Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia College of Public Health, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Lirong Liang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Tobacco Dependence Treatment Research Department, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia College of Public Health, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaoying Gu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Kim M, Yoo HJ, Ko J, Lee JH. Metabolically unhealthy overweight individuals have high lysophosphatide levels, phospholipase activity, and oxidative stress. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:1137-1145. [PMID: 31053511 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUO) individuals and metabolically healthy overweight (MHO) individuals differ in biomarkers of atherogenesis. Metabolomic approaches enable studies of the metabolic variables underlying these differences. METHODS We determined the metabolomes in plasma samples from 34 MUO and 34 MHO individuals matched for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) to identify potential metabolic markers or pathways associated with atherogenic traits. RESULTS This analysis revealed that the MUO group had significantly higher levels of glycolic acid, 6 lysophosphatidylethanolamines (lysoPEs), and 12 lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs). Although the two groups had similar total body fat percentages and lean body masses, MUO individuals had larger visceral fat areas (VFAs). They also had greater circulating lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity and higher levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α), reflecting higher risks for oxidative and lipid-related tissue damage. The following measures were positively correlated: VFA and ox-LDL; ox-LDL and Lp-PLA2 activity; and lysoPC, lysoPE, and 8-epi-PGF2α levels. Chronic plasma lysoPC increases were associated with atherogenic traits, higher levels of mean ox-LDL, 8-epi-PGF2α, Lp-PLA2, and visceral fat accumulation in MUO compared to MHO individuals. CONCLUSIONS This panel of plasma metabolites distinguishes MUO from MHO individuals and will enable future research on fat dysregulation and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoo Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Ko
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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