1
|
Engin Erdal A, Yürek B, Kıreker Köylü O, Ceylan AC, Çıtak Kurt AN, Kasapkara ÇS. Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 35 in a Turkish girl with fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2024; 37:271-275. [PMID: 38353247 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The fatty acid 2-hydroxylase gene (FA2H) compound heterozygous or homozygous variants that cause spastic paraplegia type 35 (SPG35) (OMIM # 612319) are autosomal recessive HSPs. FA2H gene variants in humans have been shown to be associated with not only SPG35 but also leukodystrophy and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. CASE PRESENTATION A patient with a spastic gait since age seven was admitted to the paediatric metabolism department. She was born to consanguineous, healthy Turkish parents and had no family history of neurological disease. She had normal developmental milestones and was able to walk at 11 months. At age seven, she developed a progressive gait disorder with increased muscle tone in her lower limbs, bilateral ankle clonus and dysdiadochokinesis. She had frequent falls and deteriorating school performance. Despite physiotherapy, her spastic paraplegia was progressive. Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified a homozygous NM_024306.5:c.460C>T missense variant in the FA2H gene, of which her parents were heterozygous carriers. A brain MRI showed a slight reduction in the cerebellar volume with no iron deposits. CONCLUSIONS Pathogenic variants of the FA2H gene have been linked to neurodegeneration with iron accumulation in the brain, leukodystrophy and SPG35. When patients developed progressive gait deterioration since early childhood even if not exhibited hypointensity in the basal ganglia detected by neuroimaging, FA2H-related neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation should be ruled out. FA2H/SPG35 disease is characterised by notable clinical and imaging variability, as well as phenotypic diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşenur Engin Erdal
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Burak Yürek
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Oya Kıreker Köylü
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Cevdet Ceylan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ayşegül Neşe Çıtak Kurt
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Çiğdem Seher Kasapkara
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylase and 2-Hydroxylated Sphingolipids: Metabolism and Function in Health and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054908. [PMID: 36902339 PMCID: PMC10002949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids containing acyl residues that are hydroxylated at C-2 are found in most, if not all, eukaryotes and certain bacteria. 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids are present in many organs and cell types, though they are especially abundant in myelin and skin. The enzyme fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) is involved in the synthesis of many but not all 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids. Deficiency in FA2H causes a neurodegenerative disease known as hereditary spastic paraplegia 35 (HSP35/SPG35) or fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration (FAHN). FA2H likely also plays a role in other diseases. A low expression level of FA2H correlates with a poor prognosis in many cancers. This review presents an updated overview of the metabolism and function of 2-hydroxylated sphingolipids and the FA2H enzyme under physiological conditions and in diseases.
Collapse
|
3
|
Identification of novel mutations by targeted NGS in Moroccan families clinically diagnosed with a neuromuscular disorder. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 524:51-58. [PMID: 34852264 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The identification of underlying genes of genetic conditions has expanded greatly in the past decades, which has broadened the field of genes responsible for inherited neuromuscular diseases. We aimed to investigate mutations associated with neuromuscular disorders phenotypes in 2 Moroccan families. MATERIAL AND METHODS Next-generation sequencing combined with Sanger sequencing could assist with understanding the hereditary variety and underlying disease mechanisms in these disorders. RESULTS Two novel homozygous mutations were described in this study. The SIL1 mutation is the first identified in the Moroccan population, the mutation was identified as the main cause of Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome in one patient. While the second mutation identified in the fatty acid 2-hydroxylase gene (FA2H) was associated with the Spastic paraplegia 35 in another patient, both transmitted in an autosomal recessive pattern. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These conditions are extremely rare in the North African population and may be underdiagnosed due to overlapping clinical characteristics and heterogeneity of these diseases. We have reported in this study mutations associated with the diseases found in the patients. In addition, we have narrowed the phenotypic spectrum, as well as the diagnostic orientation of patients with neuromuscular disorders, who might have very similar symptoms to other disease groups.
Collapse
|
4
|
Two novel biallelic variants in
TECPR2
and
FA2H
genes causing complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia in Iranian families from Lur ethnicity: Case series. Clin Case Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
5
|
Faergeman SL, Evans H, Attfield KE, Desel C, Kuttikkatte SB, Sommerlund M, Jensen LT, Frokiaer J, Friese MA, Matthews PM, Luchtenborg C, Brügger B, Oturai AB, Dendrou CA, Fugger L. A novel neurodegenerative spectrum disorder in patients with MLKL deficiency. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:303. [PMID: 32358523 PMCID: PMC7195448 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) is the main executor of necroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Necroptosis is implicated in combating infections, but also in contributing to numerous other clinical conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Inhibition of necroptosis is therefore of therapeutic interest. Here we report two siblings both of whom over the course of 35 years developed a similar progressive, neurodegenerative spectrum disorder characterized by paresis, ataxia and dysarthria. Magnetic resonance imaging of their central nervous system (CNS) revealed severe global cerebral volume loss and atrophy of the cerebellum and brainstem. These brothers are homozygous for a rare haplotype identified by whole genome sequencing carrying a frameshift variant in MLKL, as well as an in-frame deletion of one amino acid in the adjacent fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) gene. Functional studies of patient-derived primary cells demonstrated that the variant in MLKL leads to a deficiency of MLKL protein resulting in impairment of necroptosis. Conversely, shotgun lipidomic analysis of the variant in FA2H shows no impact on either the abundance or the enzymatic activity of the encoded hydroxylase. To our knowledge, this is the first report of complete necroptosis deficiency in humans. The findings may suggest that impaired necroptosis is a novel mechanism of neurodegeneration, promoting a disorder that shares some clinical features with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Importantly, the necroptotic deficiency does not cause symptoms outside the nervous system, nor does it confer susceptibility to infections. Given the current interest in pharmacological inhibition of necroptosis by targeting MLKL and its associated pathways, this strategy should be developed with caution, with careful consideration of the possible development of adverse neurological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soren L Faergeman
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Hayley Evans
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Kathrine E Attfield
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christiane Desel
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Subita Balaram Kuttikkatte
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Mette Sommerlund
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Lise Torp Jensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Jorgen Frokiaer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Paul M Matthews
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany
| | - Annette Bang Oturai
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Calliope A Dendrou
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Lars Fugger
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rattay TW, Lindig T, Baets J, Smets K, Deconinck T, Söhn AS, Hörtnagel K, Eckstein KN, Wiethoff S, Reichbauer J, Döbler-Neumann M, Krägeloh-Mann I, Auer-Grumbach M, Plecko B, Münchau A, Wilken B, Janauschek M, Giese AK, De Bleecker JL, Ortibus E, Debyser M, Lopez de Munain A, Pujol A, Bassi MT, D'Angelo MG, De Jonghe P, Züchner S, Bauer P, Schöls L, Schüle R. FAHN/SPG35: a narrow phenotypic spectrum across disease classifications. Brain 2020; 142:1561-1572. [PMID: 31135052 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum enzyme fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) plays a major role in the formation of 2-hydroxy glycosphingolipids, main components of myelin. FA2H deficiency in mice leads to severe central demyelination and axon loss. In humans it has been associated with phenotypes from the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration, FAHN), hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP type SPG35) and leukodystrophy (leukodystrophy with spasticity and dystonia) spectrum. We performed an in-depth clinical and retrospective neurophysiological and imaging study in a cohort of 19 cases with biallelic FA2H mutations. FAHN/SPG35 manifests with early childhood onset predominantly lower limb spastic tetraparesis and truncal instability, dysarthria, dysphagia, cerebellar ataxia, and cognitive deficits, often accompanied by exotropia and movement disorders. The disease is rapidly progressive with loss of ambulation after a median of 7 years after disease onset and demonstrates little interindividual variability. The hair of FAHN/SPG35 patients shows a bristle-like appearance; scanning electron microscopy of patient hair shafts reveals deformities (longitudinal grooves) as well as plaque-like adhesions to the hair, likely caused by an abnormal sebum composition also described in a mouse model of FA2H deficiency. Characteristic imaging features of FAHN/SPG35 can be summarized by the 'WHAT' acronym: white matter changes, hypointensity of the globus pallidus, ponto-cerebellar atrophy, and thin corpus callosum. At least three of four imaging features are present in 85% of FA2H mutation carriers. Here, we report the first systematic, large cohort study in FAHN/SPG35 and determine the phenotypic spectrum, define the disease course and identify clinical and imaging biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim W Rattay
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and Center for Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Lindig
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katrien Smets
- Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tine Deconinck
- Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anne S Söhn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Kathrin N Eckstein
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and Center for Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and Center for Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Reichbauer
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and Center for Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marion Döbler-Neumann
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Auer-Grumbach
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma-Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Division of Child Neurology, University Childrens Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bernd Wilken
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Kassel, Germany
| | - Marc Janauschek
- Department for Social Pediatrics, Kinderhospital Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Giese
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Els Ortibus
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martine Debyser
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain.,Neuroscience Area, Institute Biodonostia, and Department of Neurosciences, University of Basque Country EHU-UPV, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge IDIBELL, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, 08908, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Bassi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia D'Angelo
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Neuromuscular Unit, 23842 Bosisio Parini , Lecco, Italy
| | - Peter De Jonghe
- Neurogenetics Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stephan Züchner
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, FL33136 Miami, USA.,Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, FL33136 Miami, USA
| | - Peter Bauer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,CENTOGENE AG, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ludger Schöls
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and Center for Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, and Center for Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia type SPG35 due to a novel variant in the FA2H gene in a Czech patient. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 59:337-339. [PMID: 30446360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic pathogenic variants in FA2H gene have been repeatedly described as a cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) type35 (SPG35). Targeted massive parallel sequencing (MPS) of the HSP genes panel revealed a novel homozygous variant c.130C > T (p.P44S) in the FA2H gene in the 30-year-old patient presenting with spastic paraplegia. The patient originated form the Czech minority in Romania. The patient manifests typical clinical signs for SPG35 (youth onset gait impairment, progressive spastic paraparesis on lower limbs, dysarthria, white matter changes in MRI).
Collapse
|
8
|
Incecik F, Besen S, Bozdogan ST. Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Type 35 with a Novel Mutation in Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylase Gene and Literature Review of the Clinical Features. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2018; 21:335-339. [PMID: 30532373 PMCID: PMC6238570 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_106_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Incecik
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Seyda Besen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sevcan Tug Bozdogan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li D, Misialek JR, Huang F, Windham GB, Yu F, Alonso A. Independent Association of Plasma Hydroxysphingomyelins With Physical Function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73:1103-1110. [PMID: 29053806 PMCID: PMC6037051 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma metabolites such as phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins (SMs) are associated with an age-related cognitive decline. However, their relations to age-related physical function decline remain largely unknown. Methods We examined the cross-sectional relations of 12 plasma metabolites (including four phosphatidylcholines and four SMs) with physical function in 383 older adults in the At herosclerosis Risk in Communities Study at the fifth exam (2011-2013, mean age [standard deviation (SD)]: 78.0 [5.5], 54.4% women, 28.3% African Americans). Physical function was assessed using grip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, and 4-m walking speed. Individual metabolites were log-transformed and standardized. Multivariable linear regression was performed to account for demographics, APOE genotype, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, depressive symptoms, and cognition. Results Lower concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine and higher concentrations of SM (OH) C22:1, SM (OH) C22:2, and SM (OH) C24:1 were associated with physical function measures. In particular, SM (OH) C22:1 and SM (OH) C24:1 were associated with all three measures of physical function: β-coefficients (95% confidence interval) with grip strength were 0.89 kg (0.00, 1.78) and 0.86 kg (0.10, 1.61) per 1 SD higher concentration, respectively; with Short Physical Performance Battery score, were 0.61 (0.34, 0.88) and 0.41 (0.19, 0.63) per 1 SD difference, respectively; with 4-m walking speed were 0.035 m/s (0.013, 0.056) and 0.035 m/s (0.028, 0.047), respectively. Conclusions Plasma SM (OH)s may be independently associated with physical function in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni Li
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Jeffrey R Misialek
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Fangying Huang
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Gwen B Windham
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Fang Yu
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mari F, Berti B, Romano A, Baldacci J, Rizzi R, Grazia Alessandrì M, Tessa A, Procopio E, Rubegni A, Lourenḉo CM, Simonati A, Guerrini R, Santorelli FM. Clinical and neuroimaging features of autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 35 (SPG35): case reports, new mutations, and brief literature review. Neurogenetics 2018; 19:123-130. [DOI: 10.1007/s10048-018-0538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Lamandé SR, Bateman JF. Collagen VI disorders: Insights on form and function in the extracellular matrix and beyond. Matrix Biol 2017; 71-72:348-367. [PMID: 29277723 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the three canonical collagen VI genes, COL6A1, COL6A2 and COL6A3, cause a spectrum of muscle disease from Bethlem myopathy at the mild end to the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Mutations can be either dominant or recessive and the resulting clinical severity is influenced by the way mutations impact the complex collagen VI assembly process. Most mutations are found towards the N-terminus of the triple helical collagenous domain and compromise extracellular microfibril assembly. Outside the triple helix collagen VI is highly polymorphic and discriminating mutations from rare benign changes remains a major diagnostic challenge. Collagen VI deficiency alters extracellular matrix structure and biomechanical properties and leads to increased apoptosis and oxidative stress, decreased autophagy, and impaired muscle regeneration. Therapies that target these downstream consequences have been tested in a collagen VI null mouse and also in small human trials where they show modest clinical efficacy. An important role for collagen VI in obesity, cancer and diabetes is emerging. A major barrier to developing effective therapies is the paucity of information about how collagen VI deficiency in the extracellular matrix signals the final downstream consequences - the receptors involved and the intracellular messengers await further characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shireen R Lamandé
- Musculoskeletal Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
| | - John F Bateman
- Musculoskeletal Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Marelli C, Salih MA, Nguyen K, Mallaret M, Leboucq N, Hassan HH, Drouot N, Labauge P, Koenig M. Cerebral Iron Accumulation Is Not a Major Feature of FA2H/SPG35. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2015; 2:56-60. [PMID: 30713878 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the fatty-acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) gene cause an autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia (SPG35), often associating with cerebellar ataxia; cerebral MRI may show iron accumulation in the basal ganglia, leading to the inclusion of SPG35 among the causes of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. This finding was initially considered strongly relevant for diagnosis, although its frequency is not yet established. We found 5 novel patients (from two families) with mutations in the FA2H gene: none of them showed cerebral iron accumulation (T2-weighted images performed in all; T2 gradient-echo in 2); notably, in 1 case, iron accumulation was absent even after 18 years from disease onset on both T2 gradient-echo and susceptibility-weight MRI sequences. Cerebral iron accumulation is not a prominent feature in SPG35 and is not always dependent on disease duration; its absence should not discourage from evoking this diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Marelli
- Department of Neurology University Hospital Gui de Chauliac Montpellier France
| | - Mustafa A Salih
- Division of Pediatric Neurology Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Karine Nguyen
- Department of Medical Genetics University Hospital "Timone Enfants" Marseille France
| | - Martial Mallaret
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology INSERM U964 CNRS UMR7104 University of Strasbourg Illkirch France.,Department of Neurology Strasbourg University Hospital Strasbourg France
| | - Nicolas Leboucq
- Department of Neuroradiology University Hospital Gui de Chauliac Montpellier France
| | - Hamdy H Hassan
- Department of Radiology King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathalie Drouot
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology INSERM U964 CNRS UMR7104 University of Strasbourg Illkirch France
| | - Pierre Labauge
- Department of Neurology University Hospital Gui de Chauliac Montpellier France
| | - Michel Koenig
- Institute of Genetics and Cellular and Molecular Biology INSERM U964 CNRS UMR7104 University of Strasbourg Illkirch France.,University Institute of Clinical Research INSERM UMR_S 827 and Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire University Hospital Montpellier France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Astudillo L, Sabourdy F, Therville N, Bode H, Ségui B, Andrieu-Abadie N, Hornemann T, Levade T. Human genetic disorders of sphingolipid biosynthesis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2015; 38:65-76. [PMID: 25141825 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Monogenic defects of sphingolipid biosynthesis have been recently identified in human patients. These enzyme deficiencies affect the synthesis of sphingolipid precursors, ceramides or complex glycosphingolipids. They are transmitted as autosomal recessive or dominant traits, and their resulting phenotypes often replicate the abnormalities seen in murine models deficient for the corresponding enzymes. In quite good agreement with the known critical roles of sphingolipids in cells from the nervous system and the epidermis, these genetic defects clinically manifest as neurological disorders, including paraplegia, epilepsy or peripheral neuropathies, or present with ichthyosis. The present review summarizes the genetic alterations, biochemical changes and clinical symptoms of this new group of inherited metabolic disorders. Hypotheses regarding the molecular pathophysiology and potential treatments of these diseases are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Astudillo
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Team n 4, CHU Rangueil, BP, 84225, 31432, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zaki MS, Selim L, Mansour L, Mahmoud IG, Fenstermaker AG, Gabriel SB, Gleeson JG. Mutations in FA2H in three Arab families with a clinical spectrum of neurodegeneration and hereditary spastic paraparesis. Clin Genet 2014; 88:95-7. [PMID: 25496456 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - L Selim
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - L Mansour
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - I G Mahmoud
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A G Fenstermaker
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - S B Gabriel
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J G Gleeson
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kota V, Hama H. 2'-Hydroxy ceramide in membrane homeostasis and cell signaling. Adv Biol Regul 2013; 54:223-30. [PMID: 24139861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ceramide is a precursor of complex sphingolipids and also plays important roles in cell signaling. With the advances in lipid analytical technologies, the structural diversity of ceramide species have become evident, and the complexity of cellular metabolism and function associated with distinct ceramide species is beginning to be revealed. One of the common structural variations of ceramide is 2'-hydroxylation of the N-acyl chain. Fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) is one of the enzymes that introduce the hydroxyl group during de novo synthesis of ceramide. FA2H is essential for the normal functioning of the nervous system, as evidenced by demyelinating disorder associated with FA2H mutations in humans and mice. Studies of Fa2h mutant mice indicate that lack of 2'-hydroxy galactosylceramide in the myelin membrane results in loss of long-term stability of myelin and eventual demyelination. FA2H also regulates differentiation of various cell types (epidermal keratinocytes, schwannoma cells, adipocytes). When provided exogenously, ceramide induces apoptosis in many cell types. Interestingly, the effective concentration of 2'-hydroxy ceramide that induces apoptosis is significantly lower compared to non-hydroxy ceramide, and cells die much more rapidly, suggesting that 2'-hydroxy ceramide can mediate proapoptotic signaling distinct from non-hydroxy ceramide. Collectively, current evidence clearly shows that 2'-hydroxy ceramide and 2'-hydroxy complex sphingolipids have unique functions in membrane homeostasis and cell signaling that could not be substituted by non-hydroxy counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Kota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hiroko Hama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| |
Collapse
|