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Gonen ZB, Çolpak HA, Yay A, Gokdemir NS, Bahar D, Günay Canpolat D, Yalcin B. Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Axon Numbers in Mental Nerve Repair. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2024; 23:568-573. [PMID: 38911401 PMCID: PMC11190120 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-023-01957-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The mental nerve, the extended part of the inferior alveolar nerve, is often injured during dentoalveolar, orthognathic, or tumor surgery. Numerous therapeutic interventions, including surgery and pharmacotherapy, have been used to enhance the recovery of nerve injuries. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) represent an easily accessible source of adult stem cells that can be isolated from the pulp of extracted teeth. This study evaluated the effect of DPSCs on the regeneration of the mental nerve injury model of rabbits. Methods In this presented study, DPSCs were cultured and cell characterizations were performed by using flow cytometry and immunostainings. Bilateral mental nerve injury models of rabbits were created. In the control group (n = 10), saline was applied, and in the study group (n = 10), 2 × 106 DPSCs were applied to the repaired nerve areas. After 3 weeks, animals were killed and histological examination was obtained by using Masson's trichrome staining. An unpaired Student's t test was used when comparing the groups. Differences were considered to be statistically significant at P values of less than 0.05. Results The DPSCs demonstrated a homogeneous population of mesenchymal stromal cells which expressed cluster of differentiation CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105 and lack of CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Our finding clearly demonstrated that a lower number of cross-sectioned axons were founded in the control group (60.18 ± 2.52) compared to the study group (72.96 ± 2.43) (p = 0.00). Conclusions DPSCs promote mental nerve axonal regeneration. These results suggest that DPSCs provide an important accessible source of adult stem cells for mental nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Burcin Gonen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry and Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Halis Ali Çolpak
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alanya Aladdin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Dilek Bahar
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Dilek Günay Canpolat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Betül Yalcin
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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2
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Liu W, Yu W, Zhou L, Ling D, Xu Y, He F. Inhibition of ZDHHC16 promoted osteogenic differentiation and reduced ferroptosis of dental pulp stem cells by CREB. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:388. [PMID: 38532349 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The repair of bone defects caused by periodontal diseases is a difficult challenge in clinical treatment. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are widely studied for alveolar bone repair. The current investigation aimed to examine the specific mechanisms underlying the role of Zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyl transferases 16 (ZDHHC16) in the process of osteogenic differentiation (OD) of DPSCs. METHODS The lentiviral vectors ZDHHC16 or si-ZDHHC16 were introduced in the DPSCs and then the cells were induced by an odontogenic medium for 21 days. Subsequently, Quantitate Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), immunofluorescent staining, proliferation assay, ethynyl deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, and western blot analysis were used to investigate the specific details of ZDHHC16 contribution in OD of DPSCs. RESULTS Our findings indicate that ZDHHC16 exhibited a suppressive effect on cellular proliferation and oxidative phosphorylation, while concurrently inducing ferroptosis in DPSCs. Moreover, the inhibition of ZDHHC16 promoted cell development and OD and reduced ferroptosis of DPSCs. The expression of p-CREB was suppressed by ZDHHC16, and immunoprecipitation (IP) analysis revealed that ZDHHC16 protein exhibited interconnection with cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) of DPSCs. The CREB suppression reduced the impacts of ZDHHC16 on OD and ferroptosis of DPSCs. The activation of CREB also reduced the influences of si-ZDHHC16 on OD and ferroptosis of DPSCs. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidences to support a negative association between ZDHHC16 and OD of DPSCs, which might be mediated by ferroptosis of DPSCs via CREB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, 166 Qiu'tao Road (N), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Wenwei Yu
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Danhua Ling
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, 166 Qiu'tao Road (N), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
- Department of General Dentistry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 1511 Jianghong Road, Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310052, China
| | - Yangbo Xu
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, 166 Qiu'tao Road (N), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Fuming He
- Department of Oral Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, 166 Qiu'tao Road (N), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
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Abdolahinia ED, Golestani S, Seif S, Afra N, Aflatoonian K, Jalalian A, Valizadeh N, Abdollahinia ED. A review of the therapeutic potential of dental stem cells as scaffold-free models for tissue engineering application. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102281. [PMID: 38070384 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of regenerative medicine, tissue engineering has introduced innovative approaches to facilitate tissue regeneration. Specifically, in pulp tissue engineering, both scaffold-based and scaffold-free techniques have been applied. Relevant articles were meticulously chosen from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases through a comprehensive search spanning from October 2022 to December 2022. Despite the inherent limitations of scaffolding, including inadequate mechanical strength for hard tissues, insufficient vents for vessel penetration, immunogenicity, and suboptimal reproducibility-especially with natural polymeric scaffolds-scaffold-free tissue engineering has garnered significant attention. This methodology employs three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregates such as spheroids and cell sheets with extracellular matrix, facilitating precise regeneration of target tissues. The choice of technique aside, stem cells play a pivotal role in tissue engineering, with dental stem cells emerging as particularly promising resources. Their pluripotent nature, non-invasive extraction process, and unique properties render them highly suitable for scaffold-free tissue engineering. This study delves into the latest advancements in leveraging dental stem cells and scaffold-free techniques for the regeneration of various tissues. This paper offers a comprehensive summary of recent developments in the utilization of dental stem cells and scaffold-free methods for tissue generation. It explores the potential of these approaches to advance tissue engineering and their effectiveness in therapies aimed at tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Oral Science and Translation Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States.
| | - Shayan Golestani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan ( Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Seif
- Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Afra
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran
| | - Khotan Aflatoonian
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jalalian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Valizadeh
- Chemistry Department, Sciences Faculty, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Dalir Abdollahinia
- Fellowship of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Fukumitsu H, Soumiya H, Nakamura K, Nagashima K, Yamada M, Kobayashi H, Miwa T, Tsunoda A, Takeda-Kawaguchi T, Tezuka KI, Furukawa S. Effects of FGF2 Priming and Nrf2 Activation on the Antioxidant Activity of Several Human Dental Pulp Cell Clones Derived From Distinct Donors, and Therapeutic Effects of Transplantation on Rodents With Spinal Cord Injury. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241264979. [PMID: 39076100 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241264979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the interest in cell transplantation therapy using human dental pulp cells (DPCs) has been increasing. However, significant differences exist in the individual cellular characteristics of human DPC clones and in their therapeutic efficacy in rodent models of spinal cord injury (SCI); moreover, the cellular properties associated with their therapeutic efficacy for SCI remain unclear. Here, using DPC clones from seven different donors, we found that most of the clones were highly resistant to H2O2 cytotoxicity if, after transplantation, they significantly improved the locomotor function of rats with complete SCI. Therefore, we examined the effects of the basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and bardoxolone methyl (RTA402), which is a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) chemical activator, on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the resistance to H2O2 cytotoxicity. FGF2 treatment enhanced the resistance of a subset of clones to H2O2 cytotoxicity. Regardless of FGF2 priming, RTA402 markedly enhanced the resistance of many DPC clones to H2O2 cytotoxicity, concomitant with the upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H-quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). With the exception of a subset of clones, the TAC was not increased by either FGF2 priming or RTA402 treatment alone, whereas it was significantly upregulated by both treatments in each clone, or among all seven DPC clones together. Thus, the TAC and resistance to H2O2 cytotoxicity were, to some extent, independently regulated and were strongly enhanced by both FGF2 priming and RTA402 treatment. Moreover, even a DPC clone that originally exhibited no therapeutic effect on SCI improved the locomotor function of mice with SCI after transplantation under both treatment regimens. Thus, combined with FGF2, RTA402 may increase the number of transplanted DPCs that migrate into and secrete neurotrophic factors at the lesion epicenter, where reactive oxygen species are produced at a high level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Fukumitsu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hitomi Soumiya
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kaito Nakamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nagashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamada
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miwa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Atsuki Tsunoda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takeda-Kawaguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Tezuka
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shoei Furukawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Daneshian Y, Lewallen EA, Badreldin AA, Dietz AB, Stein GS, Cool SM, Ryoo HM, Cho YD, van Wijnen AJ. Fundamentals and Translational Applications of Stem Cells and Biomaterials in Dental, Oral and Craniofacial Regenerative Medicine. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2024; 34:37-60. [PMID: 38912962 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2024053036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Regenerative dental medicine continuously expands to improve treatments for prevalent clinical problems in dental and oral medicine. Stem cell based translational opportunities include regenerative therapies for tooth restoration, root canal therapy, and inflammatory processes (e.g., periodontitis). The potential of regenerative approaches relies on the biological properties of dental stem cells. These and other multipotent somatic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) types can in principle be applied as either autologous or allogeneic sources in dental procedures. Dental stem cells have distinct developmental origins and biological markers that determine their translational utility. Dental regenerative medicine is supported by mechanistic knowledge of the molecular pathways that regulate dental stem cell growth and differentiation. Cell fate determination and lineage progression of dental stem cells is regulated by multiple cell signaling pathways (e.g., WNTs, BMPs) and epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA modifications, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (e.g., miRNAs and lncRNAs). This review also considers a broad range of novel approaches in which stem cells are applied in combination with biopolymers, ceramics, and composite materials, as well as small molecules (agonistic or anti-agonistic ligands) and natural compounds. Materials that mimic the microenvironment of the stem cell niche are also presented. Promising concepts in bone and dental tissue engineering continue to drive innovation in dental and non-dental restorative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Daneshian
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Eric A Lewallen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Amr A Badreldin
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405; University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Simon M Cool
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 28 Yeonkun-dong, Chongro-gu Seoul, 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Dan Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101 Daehak‑no, Jongno‑gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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6
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Meng Q, Burrell JC, Zhang Q, Le AD. Potential Application of Orofacial MSCs in Tissue Engineering Nerve Guidance for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2612-2631. [PMID: 37642899 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10609-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Injury to the peripheral nerve causes potential loss of sensory and motor functions, and peripheral nerve repair (PNR) remains a challenging endeavor. The current clinical methods of nerve repair, such as direct suture, autografts, and acellular nerve grafts (ANGs), exhibit their respective disadvantages like nerve tension, donor site morbidity, size mismatch, and immunogenicity. Even though commercially available nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have demonstrated some clinical successes, the overall clinical outcome is still suboptimal, especially for nerve injuries with a large gap (≥ 3 cm) due to the lack of biologics. In the last two decades, the combination of advanced tissue engineering technologies, stem cell biology, and biomaterial science has significantly advanced the generation of a new generation of NGCs incorporated with biological factors or supportive cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which hold great promise to enhance peripheral nerve repair/regeneration (PNR). Orofacial MSCs are emerging as a unique source of MSCs for PNR due to their neural crest-origin and easy accessibility. In this narrative review, we have provided an update on the pathophysiology of peripheral nerve injury and the properties and biological functions of orofacial MSCs. Then we have highlighted the application of orofacial MSCs in tissue engineering nerve guidance for PNR in various preclinical models and the potential challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Meng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40Th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Justin C Burrell
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40Th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Qunzhou Zhang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40Th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Anh D Le
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40Th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Penn Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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7
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Xing WB, Wu ST, Wang XX, Li FY, Wang RX, He JH, Fu J, He Y. Potential of dental pulp stem cells and their products in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration and their future applications. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:960-978. [PMID: 37970238 PMCID: PMC10631371 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i10.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) seriously affects people's quality of life. Stem cell therapy is considered a promising new option for the clinical treatment of PNI. Dental stem cells, particularly dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), are adult pluripotent stem cells derived from the neuroectoderm. DPSCs have significant potential in the field of neural tissue engineering due to their numerous advantages, such as easy isolation, multidifferentiation potential, low immunogenicity, and low transplant rejection rate. DPSCs are extensively used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including for the treatment of sciatic nerve injury, facial nerve injury, spinal cord injury, and other neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews research related to DPSCs and their advantages in treating PNI, aiming to summarize the therapeutic potential of DPSCs for PNI and the underlying mechanisms and providing valuable guidance and a foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Xing
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shu-Ting Wu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fen-Yao Li
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruo-Xuan Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ji-Hui He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiao Fu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China.
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Wang W, Xu Z, Liu M, Cai M, Liu X. Prospective applications of extracellular vesicle-based therapies in regenerative medicine: implications for the use of dental stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1278124. [PMID: 37936823 PMCID: PMC10627172 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1278124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 21st century, research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has made remarkable advancements. Recently, researchers have uncovered the exceptional biological features of EVs, highlighting their prospective use as therapeutic targets, biomarkers, innovative drug delivery systems, and standalone therapeutic agents. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells stand out as the most potent source of EVs for clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Owing to their accessibility and capability of undergoing numerous differentiation inductions, dental stem cell-derived EVs (DSC-EVs) offer distinct advantages in the field of tissue regeneration. Nonetheless, it is essential to note that unmodified EVs are currently unsuitable for use in the majority of clinical therapeutic scenarios. Considering the high feasibility of engineering EVs, it is imperative to modify these EVs to facilitate the swift translation of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice. The review succinctly presents the known biotherapeutic effects of odontogenic EVs and the underlying mechanisms. Subsequently, the current state of functional cargo loading for engineered EVs is critically discussed. For enhancing EV targeting and in vivo circulation time, the review highlights cutting-edge engineering solutions that may help overcome key obstacles in the clinical application of EV therapeutics. By presenting innovative concepts and strategies, this review aims to pave the way for the adaptation of DSC-EVs in regenerative medicine within clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zinan Xu
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minyi Liu
- Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingxiang Cai
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Bai X, Cao R, Wu D, Zhang H, Yang F, Wang L. Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Literature Review. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7357179. [PMID: 37868704 PMCID: PMC10586346 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7357179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a promising approach for repairing and regenerating damaged bone tissue, using stem cells and scaffold structures. Among various stem cell sources, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have emerged as a potential candidate due to their multipotential capabilities, ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation, low immunogenicity, and ease of isolation. This article reviews the biological characteristics of DPSCs, their potential for BTE, and the underlying transcription factors and signaling pathways involved in osteogenic differentiation; it also highlights the application of DPSCs in inducing scaffold tissues for bone regeneration and summarizes animal and clinical studies conducted in this field. This review demonstrates the potential of DPSC-based BTE for effective bone repair and regeneration, with implications for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Bai
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruijue Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danni Wu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huicong Zhang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linhong Wang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
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10
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Fang Q, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Cao W, Yan L, Kong M, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Guo L, Zhang L, Wang W, Yu Y, Sun J, Yang J. Stem cells as potential therapeutics for hearing loss. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1259889. [PMID: 37746148 PMCID: PMC10512725 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1259889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing impairment is a global health problem. Stem cell therapy has become a cutting-edge approach to tissue regeneration. In this review, the recent advances in stem cell therapy for hearing loss have been discussed. Nanomaterials can modulate the stem cell microenvironment to augment the therapeutic effects further. The potential of combining nanomaterials with stem cells for repairing and regenerating damaged inner ear hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) has also been discussed. Stem cell-derived exosomes can contribute to the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue, and the research progress on exosome-based hearing loss treatment has been summarized as well. Despite stem cell therapy's technical and practical limitations, the findings reported so far are promising and warrant further investigation for eventual clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojun Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjie Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengdie Kong
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingna Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingwu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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11
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Uzunoglu-Ozyurek E, Önal G, Dökmeci S. Investigating the Therapeutics Effects of Oral Cavity Derived Stem Cells on Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review. Basic Clin Neurosci 2023; 14:565-584. [PMID: 38628839 PMCID: PMC11016878 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.2892.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Published data obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies was reviewed systematically and analyzed critically to evaluate the effect of oral cavity-derived stem cells (OCDSCs) on the recovery or therapy of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington (HD) diseases, and Parkinson disease (PD). Methods An electronic search was accomplished. References of included articles were also manually searched. Studies were critically evaluated for suitability against the inclusion/exclusion criteria and the data was extracted. Bias risk evaluation of the studies and evidence synthesis were conducted. Results A total of 14 in vivo and 10 in vitro studies met the inclusion criteria. PD was induced in 10 in vivo and 7 in vitro studies, while AD was induced in 2 in vivo and 4 in vitro studies. Two studies (1 in vitro and 1 in vivo) evaluated ALS disease and 1 in vivo study evaluated HD. Moderate evidence was found for in vitro studies reporting the positive effect of OCDSCs on PD or AD recovery. Strong evidence was found for in vivo studies in which PD animal models were used; meanwhile, moderate evidence was found for the impact of OCDSCs on AD recovery. Limited evidence was found for in vivo studies evaluating HD and ALS. Conclusion Although studies reported favorable data regarding the OCDSCs on NDs, they presented a considerable risk of bias. Because of heterogeneous study characteristics, the current study recommends improving standardized methods to evaluate the therapeutic effects of OCDSCs on the NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gizem Önal
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medical, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Dökmeci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medical, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Pelaz Fernández MJ, Parmigiani-Cabaña JM, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Merino JJ. Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37631323 PMCID: PMC10459416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are those obtained from the conformation of dental structures (DMSC), such as deciduous and permanent teeth and other surrounding tissues. Background: The self-renewal and differentiation capacities of these adult stem cells allow for great clinical potential. Because DMSC are cells of ectomesenchymal origin, they reveal a high capacity for complete regeneration of dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and other biomedical applications; their differentiation into other types of cells promotes repair in muscle tissue, cardiac, pancreatic, nervous, bone, cartilage, skin, and corneal tissues, among others, with a high predictability of success. Therefore, stem and progenitor cells, with their exosomes of dental origin and surrounding areas in the oral cavity due to their plasticity, are considered a fundamental pillar in medicine and regenerative dentistry. Tissue engineering (MSCs, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules) sustains and induces its multipotent and immunomodulatory effects. It is of vital importance to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the procedures designed for patients, and for this purpose, more clinical trials are needed to increase the efficacy of several pathologies. Conclusion: From a bioethical and transcendental anthropological point of view, the human person as a unique being facilitates better clinical and personalized therapy, given the higher prevalence of dental and chronic systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José María Parmigiani-Cabaña
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José Joaquín Merino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Jin Y, Li S, Yu Q, Chen T, Liu D. Application of stem cells in regeneration medicine. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e291. [PMID: 37337579 PMCID: PMC10276889 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration is a complex process affected by many elements independent or combined, including inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Stem cells is a class of primitive cells with the potentiality of differentiation, regenerate with self-replication, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulatory functions. Stem cells and their cytokines not only inextricably linked to the regeneration of ectodermal and skin tissues, but also can be used for the treatment of a variety of chronic wounds. Stem cells can produce exosomes in a paracrine manner. Stem cell exosomes play an important role in tissue regeneration, repair, and accelerated wound healing, the biological properties of which are similar with stem cells, while stem cell exosomes are safer and more effective. Skin and bone tissues are critical organs in the body, which are essential for sustaining life activities. The weak repairing ability leads a pronounced impact on the quality of life of patients, which could be alleviated by stem cell exosomes treatment. However, there are obstacles that stem cells and stem cells exosomes trough skin for improved bioavailability. This paper summarizes the applications and mechanisms of stem cells and stem cells exosomes for skin and bone healing. We also propose new ways of utilizing stem cells and their exosomes through different nanoformulations, liposomes and nanoliposomes, polymer micelles, microspheres, hydrogels, and scaffold microneedles, to improve their use in tissue healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Shuangyang Li
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Qixuan Yu
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Tianli Chen
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Da Liu
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
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14
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Masoumi N, Ghollasi M, Raheleh Halabian, Eftekhari E, Ghiasi M. Carbachol, along with calcium, indicates new strategy in neural differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Regen Ther 2023; 23:60-66. [PMID: 37122359 PMCID: PMC10130343 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past few years, stem cells have represented a promising treatment in neurological disorders due to the well-defined characteristics of their capability to proliferate and differentiate into any cell type, both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, previous studies have shown that calcium signaling modulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells. The present study investigated the effect of carbachol (CCh), a cholinergic agonist activating acetylcholine receptors, with and without calcium, on the neural differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) in neural media, including forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine and retinoic acid. METHODS For this purpose, first, the MTT assay and acridine orange staining were studied to obtain the optimal concentration of CCh. Next, the differentiation tests, such as cellular calcium assay as well as evaluation of qualitative and quantitative expression of neuronal index markers through immunofluorescence staining and gene expression analysis, respectively, were performed on days 7 and 14 of the differentiation period. RESULTS According to the results, CCh at 1 μM concentration had no cytotoxicity on hADSCs and also induced cell proliferation. Furthermore, CCh with and without calcium increased the expression of neural-specific genes (NSE, MAP2, β-III-tubulin, and MAPK3) and proteins (γ-enolase, MAP2, and β-III-tubulin) as well as the amount of calcium in differentiated hADSCs at 7 and 14 days after induction. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the findings suggest that CCh acts as an influential therapeutic factor in the field of neural regenerative medicine and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Masoumi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Eftekhari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghiasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Yang C, Du XY, Luo W. Clinical application prospects and transformation value of dental follicle stem cells in oral and neurological diseases. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:136-149. [PMID: 37181000 PMCID: PMC10173814 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i4.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Since dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were first reported, six types of dental SCs (DSCs) have been isolated and identified. DSCs originating from the craniofacial neural crest exhibit dental-like tissue differentiation potential and neuro-ectodermal features. As a member of DSCs, dental follicle SCs (DFSCs) are the only cell type obtained at the early developing stage of the tooth prior to eruption. Dental follicle tissue has the distinct advantage of large tissue volume compared with other dental tissues, which is a prerequisite for obtaining a sufficient number of cells to meet the needs of clinical applications. Furthermore, DFSCs exhibit a significantly higher cell proliferation rate, higher colony-formation capacity, and more primitive and better anti-inflammatory effects than other DSCs. In this respect, DFSCs have the potential to be of great clinical significance and translational value in oral and neurological diseases, with natural advantages based on their origin. Lastly, cryopreservation preserves the biological properties of DFSCs and enables them to be used as off-shelf products for clinical applications. This review summarizes and comments on the properties, application potential, and clinical transformation value of DFSCs, thereby inspiring novel perspectives in the future treatment of oral and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Research and Development Department, Shenzhen Uni-medica Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518051, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, The People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Ya Du
- Department of Stomatology, The People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan Province, China
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
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Alipour R, Hashemibeni B, Asgari V, Bahramian H. Time- and Concentration-Dependent Effects of the Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth on Osteosarcoma Cells. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:81. [PMID: 37200742 PMCID: PMC10186045 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_277_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stem cells have been proposed to be one of the potent sources for treatment applications. Among diverse types of stem cells, stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are known as the immature stem cell population, which are easily isolated, fast, and without ethical implications. SHEDs could induce pluripotent stem cells and show differentiation in chondrocytes, adipocytes, osteoblasts, neural cells, hepatocytes, myocytes, odontoblasts, and skin cells. Materials and Methods In the current study, we investigated the effects of SHED on osteosarcoma cells (Saos-II) following 3 and 5 days indirect coculture. Results Our results showed that indirect coculture of SHED with Saos-II cells could promote or inhibit Saos-II cells' growth in a concentration (the number of SHED vs. Saos-II cells) and time (days of indirect co-culture) dependent manner. Conclusion Our findings suggested that, indirectly, SHED co-culture with the Soas-II cells might functions as a tumor suppressor where a higher number of SHEDs are used in the culture in comparison with the one cultured in the absence of/or fewer SHED incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Alipour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Batool Hashemibeni
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Asgari
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Bahramian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Hamid Bahramian, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran. E-mail:
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Mohebichamkhorami F, Niknam Z, Khoramjouy M, Heidarli E, Ghasemi R, Hosseinzadeh S, Mohseni SS, Hajikarim-Hamedani A, Heidari A, Ghane Y, Mahmoudifard M, Zali H, Faizi M. Brain Homogenate of a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease Modifies the Secretome of 3D Cultured Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: A Potential Neuroregenerative Therapy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2022; 21:e133668. [PMID: 36896321 PMCID: PMC9990517 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-133668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease leading to neuronal cell death and manifested by cognitive disorders and behavioral impairment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most promising candidates to stimulate neuroregeneration and prevent disease progression. Optimization of MSC culturing protocols is a key strategy to increase the therapeutic potential of the secretome. Objectives Here, we investigated the effect of brain homogenate of a rat model of AD (BH-AD) on the enhancement of protein secretion in the secretome of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) when cultured in a 3D environment. Moreover, the effect of this modified secretome was examined on neural cells to study the impact of the conditioned medium (CM) on stimulation of regeneration or immunomodulation in AD. Methods PDLSCs were isolated and characterized. Then, the spheroids of PDLSCs were generated in a modified 3D culture plate. PDLSCs-derived CM was prepared in the presence of BH-AD (PDLSCs-HCM) and the absence of it (PDLSCs-CM). The viability of C6 glioma cells was assessed after exposure to different concentrations of both CMs. Then, a proteomic analysis was performed on the CMs. Results Differentiation into adipocytes and high expression of MSCs markers verified the precise isolation of PDLSCs. The PDLSC spheroids were formed after 7 days of 3D culturing, and their viability was confirmed. The effect of CMs on C6 glioma cell viability showed that both CMs at low concentrations (> 20 mg/mL) had no cytotoxic effect on C6 neural cells. The results showed that PDLSCs-HCM contains higher concentrations of proteins compared to PDLSCs-CM, including Src-homology 2 domain (SH2)-containing PTPs (SHP-1) and muscle glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM) proteins. SHP-1 has a role in nerve regeneration, and PYGM is involved in glycogen metabolism. Conclusions The modified secretome derived from 3D cultured spheroids of PDLSCs treated by BH-AD as a reservoir of regenerating neural factors can serve as a potential source for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Mohebichamkhorami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Khoramjouy
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Heidarli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Neurophysiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sarvenaz Mohseni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Heidari
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yekta Ghane
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Mahmoudifard
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Li Y, Sun M, Wang X, Cao X, Li N, Pei D, Li A. Dental stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles transfer miR-330-5p to treat traumatic brain injury by regulating microglia polarization. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:44. [PMID: 36064768 PMCID: PMC9445009 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to the key causative elements of neurological deficits. However, no effective therapeutics have been developed yet. In our previous work, extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) offered new insights as potential strategies for functional recovery of TBI. The current study aims to elucidate the mechanism of action, providing novel therapeutic targets for future clinical interventions. With the miRNA array performed and Real-time PCR validated, we revealed the crucial function of miR-330-5p transferred by SHED-derived EVs (SHED-EVs) in regulating microglia, the critical immune modulator in central nervous system. MiR-330-5p targeted Ehmt2 and mediated the transcription of CXCL14 to promote M2 microglia polarization and inhibit M1 polarization. Identified in our in vivo data, SHED-EVs and their effector miR-330-5p alleviated the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and resumed the motor functional recovery of TBI rats. In summary, by transferring miR-330-5p, SHED-EVs favored anti-inflammatory microglia polarization through Ehmt2 mediated CXCL14 transcription in treating traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dandan Pei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Mohebichamkhorami F, Fattahi R, Niknam Z, Aliashrafi M, Khakpour Naeimi S, Gilanchi S, Zali H. Periodontal ligament stem cells as a promising therapeutic target for neural damage. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:273. [PMID: 35729595 PMCID: PMC9210648 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02942-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The damaged neuronal cells of adult mammalian lack the regenerative ability to replace the neuronal connections. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are the promising source for neuroregenerative applications that can improve the injured microenvironment of the damaged neural system. They provide neuronal progenitors and neurotrophic, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory factors. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively explore the various neuronal differentiation potentials of PDLSCs for application in neural regeneration therapy. MAIN TEXT PDLSCs have superior potential to differentiate into various neural-like cells through a dedifferentiation stage followed by differentiation process without need for cell division. Diverse combination of nutritional factors can be used to induce the PDLSCs toward neural lineage. PDLSCs when coupled with biomaterials could have significant implications for neural tissue repair. PDLSCs can be a new clinical research target for Alzheimer's disease treatment, multiple sclerosis and cerebral ischemia. Moreover, PDLSCs have beneficial effects on retinal ganglion cell regeneration and photoreceptor survival. PDLSCs can be a great source for the repair of injured peripheral nerve through the expression of several neural growth factors and differentiation into Schwann cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, these cells are an appealing source for utilizing in clinical treatment of the neuropathological disorders. Although significant in vitro and in vivo investigations were carried out in order for neural differentiation evaluation of these cells into diverse types of neurons, more preclinical and clinical studies are needed to elucidate their therapeutic potential for neural diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Mohebichamkhorami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Fattahi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Aliashrafi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Samira Gilanchi
- Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Mosaddad SA, Rasoolzade B, Namanloo RA, Azarpira N, Dortaj H. Stem cells and common biomaterials in dentistry: a review study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2022; 33:55. [PMID: 35716227 PMCID: PMC9206624 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells exist as normal cells in embryonic and adult tissues. In recent years, scientists have spared efforts to determine the role of stem cells in treating many diseases. Stem cells can self-regenerate and transform into some somatic cells. They would also have a special position in the future in various clinical fields, drug discovery, and other scientific research. Accordingly, the detection of safe and low-cost methods to obtain such cells is one of the main objectives of research. Jaw, face, and mouth tissues are the rich sources of stem cells, which more accessible than other stem cells, so stem cell and tissue engineering treatments in dentistry have received much clinical attention in recent years. This review study examines three essential elements of tissue engineering in dentistry and clinical practice, including stem cells derived from the intra- and extra-oral sources, growth factors, and scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Boshra Rasoolzade
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hengameh Dortaj
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Dental Pulp Stem Cell Therapy in Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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22
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Shaikh MS, Shahzad Z, Tash EA, Janjua OS, Khan MI, Zafar MS. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Literature and Role in Periodontal Regeneration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071168. [PMID: 35406732 PMCID: PMC8997495 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease can cause irreversible damage to tooth-supporting tissues such as the root cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, eventually leading to tooth loss. While standard periodontal treatments are usually helpful in reducing disease progression, they cannot repair or replace lost periodontal tissue. Periodontal regeneration has been demonstrated to be beneficial in treating intraosseous and furcation defects to varied degrees. Cell-based treatment for periodontal regeneration will become more efficient and predictable as tissue engineering and progenitor cell biology advance, surpassing the limitations of present therapeutic techniques. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into several cell types when stimulated. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been tested for periodontal regeneration in vitro and in humans, with promising results. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) possess a great regenerative and therapeutic potential. Their added benefits comprise ease of collection, endless source of stem cells, less immunorejection, and affordability. Further, their collection does not include the concerns associated with human embryonic stem cells. The purpose of this review is to address the most recent findings about periodontal regenerative mechanisms, different stem cells accessible for periodontal regeneration, and UC-MSCs and their involvement in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Shaikh
- Department of Oral Biology, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75510, Pakistan;
| | - Zara Shahzad
- Lahore Medical and Dental College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 53400, Pakistan;
| | - Esraa Abdulgader Tash
- Department of Oral and Clinical Basic Science, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omer Sefvan Janjua
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, PMC Dental Institute, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah 41311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-507544691
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Extrapolating neurogenesis of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells on electroactive and electroconductive scaffolds to dental and oral-derived stem cells. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:13. [PMID: 35210393 PMCID: PMC8873504 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high neurogenic potential of dental and oral-derived stem cells due to their embryonic neural crest origin, coupled with their ready accessibility and easy isolation from clinical waste, make these ideal cell sources for neuroregeneration therapy. Nevertheless, these cells also have high propensity to differentiate into the osteo-odontogenic lineage. One strategy to enhance neurogenesis of these cells may be to recapitulate the natural physiological electrical microenvironment of neural tissues via electroactive or electroconductive tissue engineering scaffolds. Nevertheless, to date, there had been hardly any such studies on these cells. Most relevant scientific information comes from neurogenesis of other mesenchymal stem/stromal cell lineages (particularly bone marrow and adipose tissue) cultured on electroactive and electroconductive scaffolds, which will therefore be the focus of this review. Although there are larger number of similar studies on neural cell lines (i.e. PC12), neural stem/progenitor cells, and pluripotent stem cells, the scientific data from such studies are much less relevant and less translatable to dental and oral-derived stem cells, which are of the mesenchymal lineage. Much extrapolation work is needed to validate that electroactive and electroconductive scaffolds can indeed promote neurogenesis of dental and oral-derived stem cells, which would thus facilitate clinical applications in neuroregeneration therapy.
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Gugliandolo A, Mazzon E. Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: An Intriguing Approach for Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010456. [PMID: 35008878 PMCID: PMC8745761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their beneficial effects and regenerative potential. In particular, dental-derived MSCs have the advantage of easier accessibility and a non-invasive isolation method. Moreover, thanks to their neural crest origin, dental MSCs seem to have a more prominent neuroregenerative potential. Indeed, in basal conditions they also express neuronal markers. However, it is now well known that the beneficial actions of MSCs depend, at least in part, on their secretome, referring to all the bioactive molecules released in the conditioned medium (CM) or in extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this review we focus on the applications of the secretome derived from dental MSCs for neuroregeneration and neuroprotection. The secretomes of different dental MSCs have been tested for their effects for neuroregenerative purposes, and the secretomes of dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth are the most studied. Both the CM and EVs obtained from dental MSCs showed that they are able to promote neurite outgrowth and neuroprotective effects. Interestingly, dental-derived MSC secretome showed stronger neuroregenerative and neuroprotective effects compared to that obtained from other MSC sources. For these reasons, the secretome obtained from dental MSCs may represent a promising approach for neuroprotective treatments.
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25
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Zhaosong M, Na F, Shuling G, Jiacheng L, Ran W. Heterogeneity affects the differentiation potential of dental follicle stem cells through the TGF-β signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12294-12307. [PMID: 34927533 PMCID: PMC8810196 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells play an important role in maintaining organ homeostasis owing to their unique ability to generate more specialized cell populations in a coordinated manner. Adult mesenchymal stem cells are heterogeneous, a feature that is essential for their functions. However, studies have not elucidated how heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells affects their differentiation capacity. The current study thus explored the heterogeneous Dental Follicle Stem Cells (DFSCs). A previous study by our research group reported that selecting sub-clones can cause artificial damage of the heterogeneous microenvironment of DFSCs. The finds showed a decrease in differentiation capacity of the three subclones, although the underlying mechanism was not elucidated. In this study, cells were harvested and prepared for gene expression microarray analysis. Sequence data was used in gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis. The results showed that downregulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway was the main cause of changes in differentiation of sub-clones. Additional analyses revealed that the Hippo pathway, WNT pathway and signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells were also implicated in these changes, through a cross talk with TGF-β signaling pathway through Bmp2, Bmp4, and Bambi. In vivo implantation experiments and osteogenic induction showed that differentiation capacity of DFSCs was significantly reduced in the sub-clones. In summary, the findings of the current study show that differentiation potential of DFSCs is correlated with the heterogeneous microenvironment and TGF-β signaling pathway significantly modulates these biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhaosong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fu Na
- Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo Shuling
- School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liu Jiacheng
- School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Ran
- School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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26
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Mai Z, Chen H, Ye Y, Hu Z, Sun W, Cui L, Zhao X. Translational and Clinical Applications of Dental Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes. Front Genet 2021; 12:750990. [PMID: 34764982 PMCID: PMC8576041 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.750990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising seed cells in tissue repair and regeneration due to their featured properties of self-renewal and multipotency. However, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that MSCs exert biological functions mainly through secreting exosomes. Exosomes, which contain RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, are new players in regulating many fundamental processes and play important roles in regenerative medicine. Exosomes not only mimic the effects of their parent cells but also possess many advantages such as high drug loading capacity, low immunogenicity, excellent biocompatibility, and low side effects. Currently, a total of 6 different dental stem cells (DSCs) including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental follicle progenitor cells (DFPCs), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have been isolated and identified. DSC-derived exosomes (DSC-Exos) are actively involved in intercellular communication, anti-inflammation, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, nurturing neurons, and promoting tumor cell apoptosis. In this review, we will critically review the emerging role and clinical application potential of DSC-Exos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhao Mai
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ye
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyu Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Jinling Stomatology Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Cui Y, Bai M, Guo D, Yang Y, Chen H, Sun J, Xie J, Zhou X. Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes neural differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 131:105264. [PMID: 34598025 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is one of the vital factors in regenerative endodontics. Previous studies have focused on the role of IGF1 in the mineralization of dental tissues. However, the role of IGF1 in the neural differentiation of dental stem cells was little discussed. DESIGN IGF1 was overexpressed in human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs) by lentivirus and knocked down in hSCAPs by small interfering RNA. The neural differentiation level of hSCAPs was investigated histologically by HE staining and Nissl staining after neural induction for 3 days. The expression of proteins was examined by western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS IGF1 promoted neural differentiation of hSCAPs, more cell processes and Nissl-positive body stained cells. IGF1 overexpression could both promote glial differentiation in hSCAPs, characterized by the increase of S100β and GFAP proteins, and neuronal differentiation, characterized by the increase of βIII-tubulin and functional GAD67/vGLUT1 proteins. Conversely, IGF1 knockdown suppressed both glial and neuronal differentiation. IGF1 activated AKT to regulate the early neural differentiation of hSCAPs. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate IGF1 could promote neural differentiation of hSCAPs by activating AKT signaling and provide a cue for the candidate of induced neural seeding cells in regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingru Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daimo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yueyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianxun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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28
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Liu K, Yu S, Ye L, Gao B. The Regenerative Potential of bFGF in Dental Pulp Repair and Regeneration. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680209. [PMID: 34354584 PMCID: PMC8329335 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative endodontic therapy intends to induce the host’s natural wound-healing process, which can restore the vitality, immunity, and sensitivity of the inflammatory or necrotic pulp tissue destroyed by infection or trauma. Myriads of growth factors are critical in the processes of pulp repair and regeneration. Among the key regulatory factors are the fibroblast growth factors, which have turned out to be the master regulators of both organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Fibroblast growth factors, a family composed of 22 polypeptides, have been used in tissue repair and regeneration settings, in conditions as diverse as burns, ulcers, bone-related diseases, and spinal cord injuries. Meanwhile, in dentistry, the basic fibroblast growth factor is the most frequently investigated. Thereby, the aim of this review is 2-fold: 1) foremost, to explore the underlying mechanisms of the bFGF in dental pulp repair and regeneration and 2) in addition, to shed light on the potential therapeutic strategies of the bFGF in dental pulp–related clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sijing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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29
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Ayadilord M, Nasseri S, Emadian Razavi F, Saharkhiz M, Rostami Z, Naseri M. Immunomodulatory effects of phytosomal curcumin on related-micro RNAs, CD200 expression and inflammatory pathways in dental pulp stem cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:886-895. [PMID: 34235754 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have significant potential of immunomodulatory for therapeutic and regenerative biomedical applications compared to other mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Nowadays, alteration of gene expression is an important way to improve the performance of MSCs in the clinic. MicroRNAs (miRs) and CD200 are known to modulate the immune system in MSCs. Curcumin is famous for its anti-inflammatory impacts. Phytosomal curcumin (PC) is a nanoparticle synthesized from curcumin that removes the drawbacks of curcumin. The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of PC on the expression of the CD200 and four key miRNAs in immune system. PC (30 μM) treatment of hDPSCs could ameliorate their immunoregulatory property, presented by reduced expressions of miR-21, miR-155 and miR-126, as well as enhanced expressions of miR-23 and CD200. The PC was also able to reduce PI3K\AKT1\NF-κB expressions that were target genes for these miRs and involved in inflammatory pathways. Moreover, PC was more effective than curcumin in improving the immune modulation of hDPSCs. Evidence in this study suggested that PC mediates immunoregulatory activities in hDPSC via miRs and CD200 to regulate PI3K\AKT1\NF-κB signalling pathways, which may provide a theoretical basis for PC in the treatment of many diseases. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Autoimmune diseases or tooth caries are partly attributed to global health problems and their common drug treatments have several side effects. The goal of this study is dentin regeneration and autoimmune diseases treatment via stem cell-based approaches with phytosomal curcumin (PC), for the first time. Because dental pulp stem cells have unique advantages (including higher immunomodulatory capacity) over other mesenchymal stem cells, we considered them the best option for treating these diseases. Using PC, we try to increase the immunomodulatory properties of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malaksima Ayadilord
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Nasseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariba Emadian Razavi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mansoore Saharkhiz
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zeinab Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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30
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Li B, Ouchi T, Cao Y, Zhao Z, Men Y. Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: State of the Art. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654559. [PMID: 34239870 PMCID: PMC8258348 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be identified in mammalian teeth. Currently, dental-derived MSCs (DMSCs) has become a collective term for all the MSCs isolated from dental pulp, periodontal ligament, dental follicle, apical papilla, and even gingiva. These DMSCs possess similar multipotent potential as bone marrow-derived MSCs, including differentiation into cells that have the characteristics of odontoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, epithelial cells, neural cells, hepatocytes, and adipocytes. Besides, DMSCs also have powerful immunomodulatory functions, which enable them to orchestrate the surrounding immune microenvironment. These properties enable DMSCs to have a promising approach in injury repair, tissue regeneration, and treatment of various diseases. This review outlines the most recent advances in DMSCs' functions and applications and enlightens how these advances are paving the path for DMSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Takehito Ouchi
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yubin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Men
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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31
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Mattei V, Martellucci S, Pulcini F, Santilli F, Sorice M, Delle Monache S. Regenerative Potential of DPSCs and Revascularization: Direct, Paracrine or Autocrine Effect? Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1635-1646. [PMID: 33829353 PMCID: PMC8553678 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new source of mesenchymal stem cells has recently been discovered, the so-called dental pulp derived stem cells (DPSCs) which therefore could represent potentially tools for regenerative medicine. DPSC originate from the neural crest and are physiologically involved in dentin homeostasis; moreover, they contribute to bone remodeling and differentiation into several tissues including cartilage, bone, adipose and nervous tissues. DPSCs have also been shown to influence the angiogenesis process, for example through the release of secretory factors or by differentiating into vascular and/or perivascular cells. Angiogenesis, that has a pivotal role in tissue regeneration and repair, is defined as the formation of new vessels from preexisting vessels and is mediated by mutual and reciprocal interactions between endothelial cells and perivascular cells. It is also known that co-cultures of perivascular and endothelial cells (ECs) can form a vascular network in vitro and also in vivo. Since DPSCs seem to have characteristics similar to pericytes, understanding the possible mechanism of interaction between DPSCs and ECs during neo-angiogenesis is dramatically important for the development of advanced clinical application in the field of regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100, Rieti, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Martellucci
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100, Rieti, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Fanny Pulcini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100, Rieti, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sorice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Delle Monache
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
- StemTeCh Group, Chieti, Italy.
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32
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Zhu S, Ying Y, He Y, Zhong X, Ye J, Huang Z, Chen M, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Xiang Z, Tu Y, Ying W, Xiao J, Li X, Ye Q, Wang Z. Hypoxia response element-directed expression of bFGF in dental pulp stem cells improve the hypoxic environment by targeting pericytes in SCI rats. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2452-2466. [PMID: 33553827 PMCID: PMC7850944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based transplantation strategies possess great potential for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been reported to have multiple neuro-promoting effects on developing and adult nervous system of mammals and considered a promising therapy for nerve injury following SCI. Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are abundant stem cells with low immune rejection, which can be considered for cell replacement therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of DPSCs which express bFGF under the regulation of five hypoxia-responsive elements (5HRE) using an adeno-associated virus (AAV-5HRE-bFGF-DPSCs) in SCI repairing model. In this study, DPSCs were revealed to differentiate into CD13+ pericytes and up-regulate N-cadherin expression to promote the re-attachment of CD13+ pericytes to vascular endothelial cells. The re-attachment of CD13+ pericytes to vascular endothelial cells subsequently increased the flow rate of blood in microvessels via the contraction of protuberance. As a result, increased numbers of red blood cells carried more oxygen to the damaged area and the local hypoxia microenvironment in SCI was improved. Thus, this study represents a step forward towards the potential use of AAV-5HRE-bFGF-DPSCs in SCI treatment in clinic. ) 5HRE-bFGF-DPSCs secrete bFGF in a hypoxia dependent manner, making the administration more precise. CD13+ pericyte regulate vascular diameter and promote the recovery of hypoxia microenvironment via DDC-5HT-5HT-1B in SCI. 5HRE-bFGF-DPSCs can differentiate into CD13+ pericyte to compensate for the mass death of CD13+ pericyte after SCI. 5HRE-bFGF-DPSCs promote CD13+ pericyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell by secreting bFGF through N-cadherin. 5HRE-bFGF-DPSCs promote the recovery of SCI by restoring hypoxic microenvironment and inhibit autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yibo Ying
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yan He
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Xingxing Zhong
- The Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Jiahui Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhiyang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Ziyue Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yurong Tu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Weiyang Ying
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, 02114, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 630060, China
| | - Zhouguang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.,Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhang Y, Lian M, Zhao X, Cao P, Xiao J, Shen S, Tang W, Zhang J, Hao J, Feng X. RICK regulates the odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells through activation of TNF-α via the ERK and not through NF-κB signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:569-579. [PMID: 33169892 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are capable of both self-renewal and multilineage differentiation, which play a positive role in dentinogenesis. Studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is involved in the differentiation of DPSCs under pro-inflammatory stimuli, but the mechanism of action of TNF-α is unknown. Rip-like interacting caspase-like apoptosis-regulatory protein kinase (RICK) is a biomarker of an early inflammatory response that plays a key role in modulating cell differentiation, but the role of RICK in DPSCs is still unclear. In this study, we identified that RICK regulates TNF-α-mediated odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs via the ERK signaling pathway. The expression of the biomarkers of odontogenic differentiation dental matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), biomarkers of odontogenic differentiation, increased in low concentration (1-10 ng/ml) of TNF-α and decreased in high concentration (50-100 ng/ml). Odontogenic differentiation increased over time in the odontogenic differentiation medium. In the presence of 10 ng/L TNF-α, the expression of RICK increased gradually over time, along with odontogenic differentiation. Genetic silencing of RICK expression reduced the expression of odontogenic markers DMP-1 and DSPP. The ERK, but not the NF-κB signaling pathway, was activated during the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. ERK signaling modulators decreased when RICK expression was inhibited. PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, blocked the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs induced by TNF-α. These results provide a further theoretical and experimental basis for the potential use of RICK in targeted therapy for dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Min Lian
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Peipei Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingwen Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Haimen People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Shuling Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wanxian Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Wang DR, Wang YH, Pan J, Tian WD. Neurotrophic effects of dental pulp stem cells in repair of peripheral nerve after crush injury. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1196-1213. [PMID: 33178401 PMCID: PMC7596440 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i10.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nerve diseases and injuries, which are usually accompanied by motor or sensory dysfunction and disorder, impose a heavy burden upon patients and greatly reduce their quality of life. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), derived from the neural crest, have many characteristics that are similar to those of neural cells, indicating that they can be an ideal source for neural repair. AIM To explore the potential roles and molecular mechanisms of DPSCs in crushed nerve recovery. METHODS DPSCs were isolated, cultured, and identified by multilineage differentiation and flow cytometry. Western blot and immunofluorescent staining were applied to analyze the expression levels of neurotrophic proteins in DPSCs after neural induction. Then, we collected the secretions of DPSCs. We analyzed their effects on RSC96 cell proliferation and migration by CCK8 and transwell assays. Finally, we generated a sciatic nerve crush injury model in vivo and used the sciatic function index, walking track analysis, muscle weight, and hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining to further evaluate the nerve repair ability of DPSCs. RESULTS DPSCs highly expressed several specific neural markers, including GFAP, S100, Nestin, P75, and NF200, and were inclined toward neural differentiation. Furthermore, neural-induced DPSCs (N-DPSCs) could express neurotrophic factors, including NGF, BDNF, and GDNF. The secretions of N-DPSCs could enhance the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells. In vivo, both DPSC and N-DPSC implants alleviated gastrocnemius muscle atrophy. However, in terms of anatomy and motor function, as shown by H&E staining, immunofluorescent staining, and walking track analyses, the repair effects of N-DPSCs were more sustained, potent, and effective than those of DPSCs and the controls. CONCLUSION In summary, this study demonstrated that DPSCs are inclined to differentiate into neural cells. N-DPSCs express neurotrophic proteins that could enhance the proliferation and migration of SCs. Furthermore, our results suggested that N-DPSCs could help crushed nerves with functional recovery and anatomical repair in vivo. Thus, DPSCs or N-DPSCs could be a promising therapeutic cell source for peripheral nerve repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Ri Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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35
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Bar J, Deszcz I, Lis-Nawara A, Grelewski P. Are human dental pulp stem cells the future
of neurodegenerative diseases and nerve
injury therapy?*. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2020. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.4521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes results from in vitro and in vivo studies which provide evidence that
human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) might be a novel treatment strategy for nervous system
injuries and neurodegenerative diseases because of their high potential for neurogenic
differentiation and secretion of neuron-related trophic factors. It is also worth underlining that
hDPSCs are neural crest-derived cells that possess biological properties of mesenchymal stem
cells (MSCs). Induced hDPSCs have a high ability to differentiate into neuron-like cells, which
show functional activity. hDPSCs express immunomodulatory factors that enhance regeneration
and repair of nerve injury. These specific features of undifferentiated and differentiated
hDPSCs make these cells promising for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, such as
Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s diseases, stroke, spinal cord injury as well as peripheral nerve injury.
Recently, investigators propose that the tissue engineering technology, including scaffold, stem
cells and growth factor, should provide a new strategy for spinal cord and peripheral nerve
injury treatment. hDPSCs should be considered as a good choice for peripheral nerve injury
therapy, because they have better potential to differentiate into neural and glial cells than
stem cells coming from other sources through the expression of neuronal makers and wide
range of neurotropic factors secretion. Unique properties of hDPSCs, such as high proliferation
rate, trophic factors expression and stronger neuroprotective effects, indicate that these
stem cells may be beneficial in neural disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bar
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Iwona Deszcz
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Anna Lis-Nawara
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Piotr Grelewski
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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Granz CL, Gorji A. Dental stem cells: The role of biomaterials and scaffolds in developing novel therapeutic strategies. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:897-921. [PMID: 33033554 PMCID: PMC7524692 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells (DSCs) are self-renewable cells that can be obtained easily from dental tissues, and are a desirable source of autologous stem cells. The use of DSCs for stem cell transplantation therapeutic approaches is attractive due to their simple isolation, high plasticity, immunomodulatory properties, and multipotential abilities. Using appropriate scaffolds loaded with favorable biomolecules, such as growth factors, and cytokines, can improve the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and functional capacity of DSCs and can optimize the cellular morphology to build tissue constructs for specific purposes. An enormous variety of scaffolds have been used for tissue engineering with DSCs. Of these, the scaffolds that particularly mimic tissue-specific micromilieu and loaded with biomolecules favorably regulate angiogenesis, cell-matrix interactions, degradation of extracellular matrix, organized matrix formation, and the mineralization abilities of DSCs in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. DSCs represent a promising cell source for tissue engineering, especially for tooth, bone, and neural tissue restoration. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the current developments in the major scaffolding approaches as crucial guidelines for tissue engineering using DSCs and compare their effects in tissue and organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Larissa Granz
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
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Dental Tissue-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Potential in Therapeutic Application. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8864572. [PMID: 32952572 PMCID: PMC7482010 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8864572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent cells, which exhibit plastic adherence, express specific cell surface marker spectrum, and have multi-lineage differentiation potential. These cells can be obtained from multiple tissues. Dental tissue-derived hMSCs (dental MSCs) possess the ability to give rise to mesodermal lineage (osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes), ectodermal lineage (neurocytes), and endodermal lineages (hepatocytes). Dental MSCs were first isolated from dental pulp of the extracted third molar and till now they have been purified from various dental tissues, including pulp tissue of permanent teeth and exfoliated deciduous teeth, apical papilla, periodontal ligament, gingiva, dental follicle, tooth germ, and alveolar bone. Dental MSCs are not only easily accessible but are also expandable in vitro with relative genomic stability for a long period of time. Moreover, dental MSCs have exhibited immunomodulatory properties by secreting cytokines. Easy accessibility, multi-lineage differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory effects make dental MSCs distinct from the other hMSCs and an effective tool in stem cell-based therapy. Several preclinical studies and clinical trials have been performed using dental MSCs in the treatment of multiple ailments, ranging from dental diseases to nondental diseases. The present review has summarized dental MSC sources, multi-lineage differentiation capacities, immunomodulatory features, its potential in the treatment of diseases, and its application in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. The regenerative therapeutic strategies in dental medicine have also been discussed.
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Wang D, Wang Y, Tian W, Pan J. Advances of tooth-derived stem cells in neural diseases treatments and nerve tissue regeneration. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12572. [PMID: 30714230 PMCID: PMC6536383 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerous system diseases, both central and peripheral, bring an incredible burden onto patients and enormously reduce their quality of life. Currently, there are still no effective treatments to repair nerve lesions that do not have side effects. Stem cell-based therapies, especially those using dental stem cells, bring new hope to neural diseases. Dental stem cells, derived from the neural crest, have many characteristics that are similar to neural cells, indicating that they can be an ideal source of cells for neural regeneration and repair. This review summarizes the neural traits of all the dental cell types, including DPSCs, PDLCs, DFCs, APSCs and their potential applications in nervous system diseases. We have summed up the advantages of dental stem cells in neural repair, such as their neurotrophic and neuroprotective traits, easy harvest and low rejective reaction rate, among others. Taken together, dental stem cells are an ideal cell source for neural tissue regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianri Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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