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Slade T, Chapman C, Conroy C, Thornton L, Champion K, Stapinski L, Koning I, Teesson M, Newton NC. 24-month outcomes of an eHealth universal program for students and parents to prevent adolescent alcohol use: A cluster randomized controlled trial in schools. Internet Interv 2023; 33:100648. [PMID: 37533974 PMCID: PMC10392073 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2023.100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parents play a critical role in delaying adolescent initiation of alcohol and other drug use. However, the majority of prevention programs focus on adolescents only. This study tested the acceptability and effectiveness of an eHealth universal program for students and parents to prevent adolescent alcohol use. Methods A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted between 2018 and 2020 with students from one grade level (aged 12-14 years) from 12 Australian secondary schools randomly allocated to the intervention or control conditions. Students accessed a web-based program in class and parents accessed the program online at their convenience. Data were collected via online questionnaires from students (N = 572) and parents (N = 78) at baseline, and 12- and 24- months post baseline. Multilevel, mixed effects regression models were used to analyse student data. Findings More students in the control group reported having at least one standard alcoholic drink and engaging in heavy episodic drinking in the previous 12 months at both 12- and 24-month follow up compared to students in the intervention, however, these differences were not statistically significant. Students in the intervention group reported greater increases in alcohol-related knowledge, compared to the control students. Qualitative data from parents indicated that they found the program useful, however, the number of parents who enrolled in the research study (13.9 %) was low. Parent engagement increased following implementation of an interactive parent/adolescent homework task. Conclusions Small sample size, low prevalence of alcohol use and parental engagement, and relatively short follow-up period may have contributed to lack of observed intervention effect, other than on alcohol-related knowledge. Parents who engaged with the program found it useful, however, implementation strategies that encourage parent-child interaction and communication may increase parent engagement for future programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chloe Conroy
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Louise Thornton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katrina Champion
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lexine Stapinski
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ina Koning
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nicola C. Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Doyle FL, Morawska A, Higgins DJ, Havighurst SS, Mazzucchelli TG, Toumbourou JW, Middeldorp CM, Chainey C, Cobham VE, Harnett P, Sanders MR. Policies are Needed to Increase the Reach and Impact of Evidence-Based Parenting Supports: A Call for a Population-Based Approach to Supporting Parents, Children, and Families. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:891-904. [PMID: 34989941 PMCID: PMC8733919 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Parents can be essential change-agents in their children's lives. To support parents in their parenting role, a range of programs have been developed and evaluated. In this paper, we provide an overview of the evidence for the effectiveness of parenting interventions for parents and children across a range of outcomes, including child and adolescent mental and physical health, child and adolescent competencies and academic outcomes, parental skills and competencies, parental wellbeing and mental health, and prevention of child maltreatment and family violence. Although there is extensive research showing the effectiveness of evidence-based parenting programs, these are not yet widely available at a population level and many parents are unable to access support. We outline how to achieve increased reach of evidence-based parenting supports, highlighting the policy imperative to adequately support the use of these supports as a way to address high priority mental health, physical health, and social problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances L. Doyle
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
- School of Psychology, The MARCS Institute for Brain Behaviour and Development, Transforming Early Education and Child Health (TeEACH) Research Centre, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Alina Morawska
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Daryl J. Higgins
- Institute of Child Protection Studies, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie S. Havighurst
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor G. Mazzucchelli
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, WA Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - John W. Toumbourou
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Christel M. Middeldorp
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
- Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children’s Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Carys Chainey
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Vanessa E. Cobham
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
- Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children’s Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Paul Harnett
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew R. Sanders
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
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The great decline in adolescent risk behaviours: Unitary trend, separate trends, or cascade? Soc Sci Med 2023; 317:115616. [PMID: 36563586 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In many high-income countries, the proportion of adolescents who smoke, drink, or engage in other risk behaviours has declined markedly over the past 25 years. We illustrate this behavioural shift by collating and presenting previously published data (1990-2019) on smoking, alcohol use, cannabis use, early sexual initiation and juvenile crime in Australia, England, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the USA, also providing European averages where comparable data are available. Then we explore empirical evidence for and against hypothesised causes of these declines. Specifically, we explore whether the declines across risk behaviours can be considered 1) a 'unitary trend' caused by common underlying drivers; 2) separate trends with behaviour-specific causes; or 3) the result of a 'cascade' effect, with declines in one risk behaviour causing declines in others. We find the unitary trend hypothesis has theoretical and empirical support, and there is international evidence that decreasing unstructured face-to-face time with friends is a common underlying driver. Additionally, evidence suggests that behaviour-specific factors have played a role in the decline of tobacco smoking (e.g. decreasing adolescent approval of smoking, increasing strength of tobacco control policies) and drinking (e.g. more restrictive parental rules and attitudes toward adolescent drinking, decreasing ease of access to alcohol). Finally, declining tobacco and alcohol use may have suppressed adolescent cannabis use (and perhaps other risk behaviours), but evidence for such a cascade is equivocal. We conclude that the causal factors behind the great decline in adolescent risk behaviours are multiple. While broad contextual changes appear to have reduced the opportunities for risk behaviours in general, behaviour-specific factors have also played an important role in smoking and drinking declines, and 'knock-on' effect from these behavioural domains to others are possible. Many hypothesised explanations remain to be tested empirically.
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Ramstedt M, Raninen J, Larm P. Are changes in parenting related to the decline in youth drinking? Evidence from a comparison of Sweden and Denmark. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2022; 39:124-133. [PMID: 35757088 PMCID: PMC9189559 DOI: 10.1177/14550725211057638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to replicate earlier studies suggesting that changes in parenting have contributed to the recent decline in youth drinking by comparing parenting in a country experiencing a sharp decline in youth drinking (Sweden) with a country with only a small decline (Denmark). Data and analysis: Data stem from self-reported information from 15–16-year-old children in the Swedish and Danish subsamples of ESPAD. Youth drinking was measured by prevalence and frequency of drinking over the past year. Parenting was measured in terms of the extent the child reported that: (1) parents’ attitudes towards offspring drinking are restrictive, (2) parents set up general rules for what their children are allowed to do, and (3) parents have high level of knowledge about where and with whom their children spend time. The association between these indicators of parenting and youth drinking was first estimated with logistic regressions. Second, changes in parenting between 1999 and 2015 were compared between Denmark and Sweden across the study period. Results: Restrictive parental attitudes were associated with a lower likelihood of past-year drinking and frequent drinking in both Sweden and Denmark. This attitude was more common in Sweden, where it also became more prevalent between 2003 and 2015 in contrast to in Denmark. The association between strict parental rule-setting and youth drinking was weak in both countries. A high parental knowledge of the child's whereabouts was linked to a lower likelihood of past-year drinking in Sweden and a lower frequency of drinking in both countries. Parental knowledge of offspring's whereabouts did not develop differently in Sweden and Denmark, with a high and stable proportion in both countries. Conclusion: More restrictive parental attitudes towards youth drinking may have contributed to the decline in youth drinking, whereas the importance of general parental rule-setting and parental knowledge of offspring's whereabouts was not supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Ramstedt
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden; and Stockholm University, Department of Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Raninen
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Work, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden; and Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Larm
- Stockholm University, Department of Public Health, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rowland BC, Kremer P, Williams J, Kelly AB, Patton G, Toumbourou JW. A Component Evaluation of a Randomised Control Community Intervention to Reduce Adolescent Alcohol Use in Australia. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2021; 23:36-47. [PMID: 34714508 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-021-01310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite a decline in Australian adolescents reporting to have consumed alcohol, a high proportion of the adolescent population still consumes alcohol. Community-led prevention interventions that systematically and strategically implement evidence-based programs have been shown to be effective in producing population-behaviour change related to youth alcohol and drug use. This study evaluated the post-intervention effects of a multi-component community intervention in Australia. It comprised social marketing targeting adolescents and parents, and a community intervention to reduce underage alcohol sales. Structural equation modelling was used to examine direct and indirect effects of community intervention components on intention and consumption. Self-report surveys (N = 3377) and community sales data (27 communities) were analysed to evaluate the effect of the intervention components on intention and consumption before the age of 18. The intervention reduced alcohol sales to minors (OR = .82). Exposure to the social marketing was significantly associated with household no-alcohol rules (OR = 2.24) and parents not supplying alcohol (OR = .72). The intervention predicted intention not to consume alcohol before age 18; intention was associated with not consuming alcohol (OR = 5.70). Total indirect effects from the intervention through to intention were significant. However, parents setting a rule and not supplying alcohol were the only significant direct effects to intention. Parents setting a rule was directly associated with lower consumption. Overall, the intervention logic was supported by the data modelling. The study extends prior knowledge of community-based interventions to prevent adolescent alcohol use by identifying critical intervention components and effect mechanisms. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ACTRN12612000384853.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosco Charles Rowland
- Faculty of Health School of Psychology, Centre for Social, Early and Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong Campus, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Peter Kremer
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences & Centre for Sport Research, Deakin University, VIC, Geelong Campus, Geelong, Australia
| | - Joanne Williams
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong Campus, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health,, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Parkville, Australia.,School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Adrian B Kelly
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - George Patton
- Centre for Adolescent Health,, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - John W Toumbourou
- Faculty of Health School of Psychology, Centre for Social, Early and Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong Campus, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Age of first alcohol intoxication and psychiatric disorders in young adulthood - A prospective birth cohort study. Addict Behav 2021; 118:106910. [PMID: 33756302 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early onset of alcohol use is associated with an increased risk of substance use disorders (SUD), but few studies have examined associations with other psychiatric disorders. Our aim was to study the association between the age of first alcohol intoxication (AFI) and the risk of psychiatric disorders in a Finnish general population sample. METHODS We utilized a prospective, general population-based study, the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. In all, 6,290 15-16-year old adolescents answered questions on AFI and were followed up until the age of 33 years for psychiatric disorders (any psychiatric disorder, psychosis, SUD, mood disorders and anxiety disorders) by using nationwide register linkage data. Cox-regression analysis with Hazard Ratios (HR, with 95% confidence intervals (CI)) was used to assess the risk of psychiatric disorders associated with AFI. RESULTS Statistically significant associations were observed between AFI and any psychiatric disorder, psychosis, SUDs, and mood disorders. After adjustments for other substance use, family structure, sex and parental psychiatric disorders, AFIs of 13-14 years and ≤12 years were associated with SUD (HR = 5.30; 95%CI 2.38-11.82 and HR = 6.49; 95%CI 2.51-16.80, respectively), while AFI ≤ 12 years was associated with any psychiatric disorder (HR = 1.59; 95%CI 1.26-2.02) and mood disorders (HR = 1.81; 95%CI 1.22-2.68). After further adjustments for Youth Self Report total scores, AFI ≤ 14 was associated with an increased risk of SUD and AFI ≤ 12 with an increased risk of any psychiatric disorder. CONCLUSIONS We found significant associations between the early age of first alcohol intoxication, later SUD and any psychiatric disorder in a general population sample. This further supports the need for preventive efforts to postpone the first instances of adolescent alcohol intoxication.
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7
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Kremer P, Crooks N, Rowland B, Hall J, Toumbourou JW. Increasing compliance with alcohol service laws in community sporting clubs in Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2021; 41:188-196. [PMID: 33819363 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many community sporting clubs in Australia sell alcohol, but many do not comply with laws that require verification of age and forbid underage alcohol sales. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an intervention that incorporated sales monitoring and community awareness raising to improve compliance with alcohol service regulations in community sporting clubs. METHODS Non-randomised community trial in 'matched' intervention and comparison communities. A total of 50 sporting clubs from two metropolitan and two regional areas in Victoria, Australia, were selected, and baseline and follow-up purchase observations completed during 2018. Youth who looked underage were monitored as they attempted to purchase alcohol. Intervention clubs received feedback letters regarding staff sales behaviour. Other intervention actions included building awareness of underage supply of alcohol and media coverage of baseline observations. RESULTS Observations were completed at 46 clubs (intervention = 24; comparison = 22) at baseline and 39 (intervention = 24; comparison = 15) at follow up. Compliance was low but improved at follow up for both groups for age verification (intervention +12.5%; comparison +8.5%) and non-supply of alcohol (intervention +12.5%; comparison +10.6%); but no significant intervention effects were found. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Findings indicated low compliance with age verification checks and underage alcohol sales laws at baseline. Promising improvements in compliance were observed at follow up; however, 'spillover' of intervention activities may have compromised ability to detect significant intervention effects. Further intervention effort and evaluation is recommended to encourage alcohol sales compliance in community sporting clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kremer
- Centre for Sport Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Nicholas Crooks
- Global Obesity Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Bosco Rowland
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jessica Hall
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - John W Toumbourou
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Raitasalo K, Kraus L, Bye EK, Karlsson P, Tigerstedt C, Törrönen J, Raninen J. Similar countries, similar factors? Studying the decline of heavy episodic drinking in adolescents in Finland, Norway and Sweden. Addiction 2021; 116:62-71. [PMID: 32285975 DOI: 10.1111/add.15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To (i) examine several factors associated with trends in heavy episodic drinking (HED) in Finland, Norway and Sweden, (ii) investigate similarities in these associations across the countries and (iii) analyse the contribution of these factors to the trend in HED and the differences across the countries. DESIGN AND SETTING Observational study using five waves of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) from Finland, Norway and Sweden between 1999 and 2015. PARTICIPANTS A total of 18 128 male and 19 121 female 15- to 16-year-old students. MEASUREMENTS Monthly HED, perceived access to alcohol, truancy, parental control, leisure time activities and daily smoking. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to examine linear time trends in HED. Logit regression models using the Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method were fitted for each country separately, including all the independent variables together with time and adjusted for family status, parental education and gender. FINDINGS In Finland, Norway and Sweden, perceived access to alcohol, truancy and daily smoking decreased significantly between 1999 and 2015 whereas risk perceptions, parental control and participation in sports increased in the same period. The confounding percentage of all the independent variables related to the trend in HED was 48.8%, 68.9% and 36.7% for Finland, Norway and Sweden, respectively. Decline in daily smoking (P < 0.001) and perceived access to alcohol (P < 0.001) were positively and increase in parental control (P < 0.001) negatively associated with the decline in HED in all three countries. Changes in truancy, going out with friends, and engaging in sports and other hobbies had little or no impact on the decline in HED or displayed no consistent results across the countries. CONCLUSIONS The decline in adolescent heavy episodic drinking in Finland, Norway and Sweden between 1999 and 2015 appears to be associated with a decline in adolescent daily smoking and perceived access to alcohol and an increase in parental control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsimarja Raitasalo
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ludwig Kraus
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, München, Germany.,Department for Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Psychology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Elin K Bye
- Department of Substance Use, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrik Karlsson
- Department of Social Work, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Tigerstedt
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Törrönen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Raninen
- CAN (Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs), Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Social Sciences, Unit of Social Work, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
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9
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Intention to drink and alcohol use before 18 years among Australian adolescents: An extended Theory of Planned Behavior. Addict Behav 2020; 111:106545. [PMID: 32771796 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preventing adolescent alcohol use is an international public health priority. To further understand adolescent alcohol use, this study tested a model of adolescent intention to consume alcohol that incorporated multiple social systems influences. METHODS Participants included 2529 Australian secondary school students (Mage = 14.20; 53.7% female). Participants completed a survey about risk and protective factors for alcohol use at individual, family, school and community levels. Structural Equation Modeling (path analysis) was used to evaluate an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) that incorporated social system determinants of intention to consume alcohol. RESULTS The final model explained 60% of the variance in adolescent alcohol use intention. All TPB constructs correlated with intention and experience of lifetime alcohol use. More exposure to information about alcohol use had a weak but significant influence on adolescents' stronger perceived behavioral control. Having less friends who use alcohol, stricter parental rules for adolescent alcohol use, and unfavorable parent attitudes towards alcohol use, were associated with stronger adolescent anti-alcohol attitudes and subjective norms. Community level pro-abstinence attitudes predicted unfavorable adolescent attitudes to alcohol and intention to consume alcohol. Parental rules showed significantly stronger influences on alcohol use intention amongst younger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Key social systems around adolescents significantly predicted intention to consume alcohol, and the extended TPB model explained the major variance in adolescent alcohol use. The findings emphasize the importance of multi-level approaches to the prevention of alcohol use. Situation-based factors that could trigger impulsive emotional response may be a future intervention focus.
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10
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Ball J, Edwards R, Sim D, Cook H, Denny S. What explains the decline in adolescent binge-drinking in New Zealand? THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2020; 84:102826. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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11
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Snijder M, Calabria B, Dobbins T, Shakeshaft A. Factors Associated with Alcohol-Related Injuries for Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Australians: An Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E387. [PMID: 31936052 PMCID: PMC7014286 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use and related injuries are a leading risk factor for deaths and disabilities in Australia, particularly for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. An improved understanding of individual and geographical community characteristics that are significantly associated with higher rates of alcohol-related injuries for specific populations can contribute to more effective efforts aimed at reducing alcohol-related injuries. For Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians in New South Wales, this study used emergency department (ED) data to investigate rates of alcohol-related injuries, whether differences in rates vary between communities, and individual and community characteristics significantly associated with alcohol-related injuries. Differences in rates of alcohol-related injuries between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people varied significantly between communities. Being younger than 38 years old was significantly associated with increased risk of alcohol-related injuries, independent of Aboriginal status and gender. Increased disadvantage of the geographical community inhabited was associated with increased alcohol-related injuries for males. For Aboriginal males, living in a regional community was significantly associated with increased alcohol-related injuries, compared to living in major cities. Conversely, for non-Aboriginal people, living in regional communities was significantly associated with fewer alcohol-related injuries. It is therefore likely that an explanation for between-community differences can be found in regional communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Snijder
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, the University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Bianca Calabria
- National Centre of Epidemiology and Public Health, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia;
| | - Timothy Dobbins
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2034, Australia; (T.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Anthony Shakeshaft
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2034, Australia; (T.D.); (A.S.)
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12
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Lam T, Ogeil RP, Fischer J, Midford R, Lubman DI, Gilmore W, Chikritzhs TN, Liang W, Lenton SR, Aiken A, Allsop S. Alcohol supply as a favour for a friend: Scenarios of alcohol supply to younger friends and siblings. Health Promot J Austr 2019; 31:112-120. [PMID: 31175675 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUES ADDRESSED Adolescents under the legal purchase age primarily source their alcohol through social networks. This study assessed the provision context from the perspective of both underage recipients and their suppliers who were older peers and siblings. METHODS Interviewer-administered surveys were conducted with 590 risky-drinking (50 g alcohol per session, at least monthly) adolescents. Participants of legal purchase age (18- to 19-year-olds; n = 269) reported their provision to 16- to 17-year-olds under eight scenarios. Those aged 14-17 (n = 321) reported receipt of alcohol under the same scenarios plus two parental supply contexts. RESULTS Purchase-age participants reported supply: to an underage friend (67%), an acquaintance (44%) or a sibling (16%) to drink at the same party; to a friend (43%) or sibling (20%) to take to another party (20%) and to a stranger near a bottle shop (5%). Supply to a friend at the same party was more likely if money was exchanged (60% vs 40%; P < 0.001). Almost all (98%) 14- to 17-year-olds reported receiving alcohol from an adult (including 36% from a parent for consumption away from the parent), with a similar pattern of receipt scenarios as those reported by the 18- to 19-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS Provision of alcohol was more frequent with a friend than a sibling or stranger, in close environmental proximity, and if money was exchanged. SO WHAT?: As supply may be sensitive to monetary considerations, the incidence of underage receipt may be affected by community-wide pricing measures. Traditional alcohol availability regulations should be supplemented by strategies relating to the social nature of supply and demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lam
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rowan P Ogeil
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Turning Point and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Jane Fischer
- National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Richard Midford
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Charles Darwin University and the Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, NT, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Turning Point and Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - William Gilmore
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tanya N Chikritzhs
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Wenbin Liang
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Simon R Lenton
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Alexandra Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Steve Allsop
- National Drug Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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13
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Kremer P, Crooks N, Rowland B, Hall J, Toumbourou JW. Underage alcohol sales in community sporting clubs. Drug Alcohol Rev 2018; 37:879-886. [DOI: 10.1111/dar.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kremer
- Centre for Sport Research; Deakin University; Geelong Australia
| | | | - Bosco Rowland
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development; Deakin University; Geelong Australia
| | - Jessica Hall
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development; Deakin University; Geelong Australia
| | - John W. Toumbourou
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development; Deakin University; Geelong Australia
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14
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Caluzzi G. Changing but resistant: the importance of integrating heavier young drinkers within a declining drinking culture. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2018.1498457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Caluzzi
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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15
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Raninen J, Livingston M. Exploring the changing landscape of youth drinking-we are still drawing the map. Drug Alcohol Rev 2018; 37 Suppl 1:S6-S8. [DOI: 10.1111/dar.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Raninen
- Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN); Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Michael Livingston
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research; La Trobe University; Melbourne Australia
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16
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Enkel S, Nimmo L, Jancey J, Leavy J. Alcohol and injury risk at a Western Australian school Leavers Festival. Health Promot J Austr 2018; 29:117-122. [DOI: 10.1002/hpja.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Enkel
- Health Promotion and Research; The Royal Life Saving Society of Western Australia; Mount Claremont WA Australia
| | - Lauren Nimmo
- Health Promotion and Research; The Royal Life Saving Society of Western Australia; Mount Claremont WA Australia
| | - Jonine Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence; Research and Impact in Public Health; Curtin University; Perth WA Australia
| | - Justine Leavy
- Collaboration for Evidence; Research and Impact in Public Health; Curtin University; Perth WA Australia
- School of Public Health; Curtin University; Perth WA Australia
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