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Riddle A, Srivastava T, Wang K, Tellez E, O'Neill H, Gong X, O'Niel A, Bell JA, Raber J, Lattal M, Maylie J, Back SA. Mild neonatal hypoxia disrupts adult hippocampal learning and memory and is associated with CK2-mediated dysregulation of synaptic calcium-activated potassium channel KCNN2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.10.602558. [PMID: 39071376 PMCID: PMC11275740 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.10.602558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Objective Although nearly half of preterm survivors display persistent neurobehavioral dysfunction including memory impairment without overt gray matter injury, the underlying mechanisms of neuronal or glial dysfunction, and their relationship to commonly observed cerebral white matter injury are unclear. We developed a mouse model to test the hypothesis that mild hypoxia during preterm equivalence is sufficient to persistently disrupt hippocampal neuronal maturation related to adult cellular mechanisms of learning and memory. Methods: Neonatal (P2) mice were exposed to mild hypoxia (8%O 2 ) for 30 min and evaluated for acute injury responses or survived until adulthood for assessment of learning and memory and hippocampal neurodevelopment. Results Neonatal mild hypoxia resulted in clinically relevant oxygen desaturation and tachycardia without bradycardia and was not accompanied by cerebral gray or white matter injury. Neonatal hypoxia exposure was sufficient to cause hippocampal learning and memory deficits and abnormal maturation of CA1 neurons that persisted into adulthood. This was accompanied by reduced hippocampal CA3-CA1 synaptic strength and LTP and reduced synaptic activity of calcium-sensitive SK2 channels, key regulators of spike timing dependent neuroplasticity, including LTP. Structural illumination microscopy revealed reduced synaptic density, but intact SK2 localization at the synapse. Persistent loss of SK2 activity was mediated by altered casein kinase 2 (CK2) signaling. Interpretation Clinically relevant mild hypoxic exposure in the neonatal mouse is sufficient to produce morphometric and functional disturbances in hippocampal neuronal maturation independently of white matter injury. Additionally, we describe a novel persistent mechanism of potassium channel dysregulation after neonatal hypoxia. Collectively our findings suggest an unexplored explanation for the broad spectrum of neurobehavioral, cognitive and learning disabilities that paradoxically persist into adulthood without overt gray matter injury after preterm birth.
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Burch AM, Garcia JD, O'Leary H, Haas A, Orfila JE, Tiemeier E, Chalmers N, Smith KR, Quillinan N, Herson PS. TRPM2 and CaMKII Signaling Drives Excessive GABAergic Synaptic Inhibition Following Ischemia. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1762232024. [PMID: 38565288 PMCID: PMC11079974 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1762-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxicity and the concurrent loss of inhibition are well-defined mechanisms driving acute elevation in excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance and neuronal cell death following an ischemic insult to the brain. Despite the high prevalence of long-term disability in survivors of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) as a consequence of cardiac arrest, it remains unclear whether E/I imbalance persists beyond the acute phase and negatively affects functional recovery. We previously demonstrated sustained impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal CA1 neurons correlating with deficits in learning and memory tasks in a murine model of cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). Here, we use CA/CPR and an in vitro ischemia model to elucidate mechanisms by which E/I imbalance contributes to ongoing hippocampal dysfunction in male mice. We reveal increased postsynaptic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) clustering and function in the CA1 region of the hippocampus that reduces the E/I ratio. Importantly, reduced GABAAR clustering observed in the first 24 h rebounds to an elevation of GABAergic clustering by 3 d postischemia. This increase in GABAergic inhibition required activation of the Ca2+-permeable ion channel transient receptor potential melastatin-2 (TRPM2), previously implicated in persistent LTP and memory deficits following CA/CPR. Furthermore, we find Ca2+-signaling, likely downstream of TRPM2 activation, upregulates Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity, thereby driving the elevation of postsynaptic inhibitory function. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which inhibitory synaptic strength is upregulated in the context of ischemia and identify TRPM2 and CaMKII as potential pharmacological targets to restore perturbed synaptic plasticity and ameliorate cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia M Burch
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Joshua D Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Heather O'Leary
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Ami Haas
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Erika Tiemeier
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Nicholas Chalmers
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Katharine R Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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3
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Basak JM, Falk M, Mitchell DN, Coakley KA, Quillinan N, Orfila JE, Herson PS. Targeting BACE1-mediated production of amyloid beta improves hippocampal synaptic function in an experimental model of ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:66-77. [PMID: 37150606 PMCID: PMC10638992 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231159597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia (PSCID) affects many survivors of large vessel cerebral ischemia. The molecular pathways underlying PSCID are poorly defined but may overlap with neurodegenerative pathophysiology. Specifically, synaptic dysfunction after stroke may be directly mediated by alterations in the levels of amyloid beta (Aβ), the peptide that accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. In this study, we use the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model in young adult mice to evaluate if a large vessel stroke increases brain soluble Aβ levels. We show that soluble Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels are increased in the ipsilateral hippocampus in MCAo mice 7 days after the injury. We also analyze the level and activity of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), an enzyme that generates Aβ in the brain, and observe that BACE1 activity is increased in the ipsilateral hippocampus of the MCAo mice. Finally, we highlight that treatment of MCAo mice with a BACE1 inhibitor during the recovery period rescues stroke-induced deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. These findings support a molecular pathway linking ischemia to alterations in BACE1-mediated production of Aβ, and encourage future studies that evaluate whether targeting BACE1 activity improves the cognitive deficits seen with PSCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Basak
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Macy Falk
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Danae N Mitchell
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelley A Coakley
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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4
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Escobar I, Xu J, Jackson CW, Stegelmann SD, Fagerli EA, Dave KR, Perez-Pinzon MA. Resveratrol Preconditioning Protects Against Ischemia-Induced Synaptic Dysfunction and Cofilin Hyperactivation in the Mouse Hippocampal Slice. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1177-1197. [PMID: 37208551 PMCID: PMC10457274 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Perturbations in synaptic function are major determinants of several neurological diseases and have been associated with cognitive impairments after cerebral ischemia (CI). Although the mechanisms underlying CI-induced synaptic dysfunction have not been well defined, evidence suggests that early hyperactivation of the actin-binding protein, cofilin, plays a role. Given that synaptic impairments manifest shortly after CI, prophylactic strategies may offer a better approach to prevent/mitigate synaptic damage following an ischemic event. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that resveratrol preconditioning (RPC) promotes cerebral ischemic tolerance, with many groups highlighting beneficial effects of resveratrol treatment on synaptic and cognitive function in other neurological conditions. Herein, we hypothesized that RPC would mitigate hippocampal synaptic dysfunction and pathological cofilin hyperactivation in an ex vivo model of ischemia. Various electrophysiological parameters and synaptic-related protein expression changes were measured under normal and ischemic conditions utilizing acute hippocampal slices derived from adult male mice treated with resveratrol (10 mg/kg) or vehicle 48 h prior. Remarkably, RPC significantly increased the latency to anoxic depolarization, decreased cytosolic calcium accumulation, prevented aberrant increases in synaptic transmission, and rescued deficits in long-term potentiation following ischemia. Additionally, RPC upregulated the expression of the activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein, Arc, which was partially required for RPC-mediated attenuation of cofilin hyperactivation. Taken together, these findings support a role for RPC in mitigating CI-induced excitotoxicity, synaptic dysfunction, and pathological over-activation of cofilin. Our study provides further insight into mechanisms underlying RPC-mediated neuroprotection against CI and implicates RPC as a promising strategy to preserve synaptic function after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Escobar
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Charles W Jackson
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Samuel D Stegelmann
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Eric A Fagerli
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Miguel A Perez-Pinzon
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, PO Box 016960, Miami, FL, 33101, USA.
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5
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Rumian NL, Chalmers NE, Tullis JE, Herson PS, Bayer KU. CaMKIIα knockout protects from ischemic neuronal cell death after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Brain Res 2021; 1773:147699. [PMID: 34687697 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CaMKIIα plays a dual role in synaptic plasticity, as it can mediate synaptic changes in opposing directions. We hypothesized that CaMKIIα plays a similar dual role also in neuronal cell death and survival. Indeed, the CaMKII inhibitor tatCN21 is neuroprotective when added during or after excitotoxic/ischemic insults, but was described to cause sensitization when applied long-term prior to such insult. However, when comparing long-term CaMKII inhibition by several different inhibitors in neuronal cultures, we did not detect any sensitization. Likewise, in a mouse in vivo model of global cerebral ischemia (cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation), complete knockout of the neuronal CaMKIIα isoform did not cause sensitization but instead significant neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Nicholas E Chalmers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
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6
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Tullis JE, Buonarati OR, Coultrap SJ, Bourke AM, Tiemeier EL, Kennedy MJ, Herson PS, Bayer KU. GluN2B S1303 phosphorylation by CaMKII or DAPK1: no indication for involvement in ischemia or LTP. iScience 2021; 24:103214. [PMID: 34704002 PMCID: PMC8524186 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of two different CaM kinases, CaMKII and DAPK1, to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2B near S1303 has been implicated in excitotoxic/ischemic neuronal cell death. The GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation (L1298A, R1300Q) is neuroprotective but abolishes only CaMKII but not DAPK1 binding. However, both kinases can additionally phosphorylate GluN2B S1303. Thus, we here tested S1303 phosphorylation for possible contribution to neuronal cell death. The GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation completely abolished phosphorylation by CaMKII and DAPK1, suggesting that the mutation could mediate neuroprotection by disrupting phosphorylation. However, S1303 phosphorylation was not increased by excitotoxic insults in hippocampal slices or by global cerebral ischemia induced by cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in vivo. In hippocampal cultures, S1303 phosphorylation was induced by chemical LTD but not LTP stimuli. These results indicate that the additional effect of the GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation on phosphorylation needs to be considered only in LTD but not in LTP or ischemia/excitotoxicity. A neuroprotective GluN2B mutation blocked S1303 phosphorylation by CaMKII and DAPK1 GluN2B S1303 is a better substrate for phosphorylation by CaMKII than by DAPK1 Increased phospho-S1303 was detected after cLTD but not cLTP or excitotoxic stimuli Increased phospho-S1303 was not detected after global cerebral ischemia in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ashley M Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erika L Tiemeier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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7
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Functional Restoration following Global Cerebral Ischemia in Juvenile Mice following Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential M2 (TRPM2) Ion Channels. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:8774663. [PMID: 34659399 PMCID: PMC8514917 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8774663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal cell death and cognitive dysfunction are common following global cerebral ischemia across all ages, including children. Most research has focused on preventing neuronal death. Restoration of neuronal function after cell death is an alternative approach (neurorestoration). We previously identified transient receptor potential M2 (TRPM2) ion channels as a potential target for acute neuroprotection and delayed neurorestoration in an adult CA/CPR mouse model. Cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) in juvenile (p20-25) mice was used to investigate the role of ion TRPM2 channels in neuroprotection and ischemia-induced synaptic dysfunction in the developing brain. Our novel TRPM2 inhibitor, tatM2NX, did not confer protection against CA1 pyramidal cell death but attenuated synaptic plasticity (long-term plasticity (LTP)) deficits in both sexes. Further, in vivo administration of tatM2NX two weeks after CA/CPR reduced LTP impairments and restored memory function. These data provide evidence that pharmacological synaptic restoration of the surviving hippocampal network can occur independent of neuroprotection via inhibition of TRPM2 channels, providing a novel strategy to improve cognitive recovery in children following cerebral ischemia. Importantly, these data underscore the importance of age-appropriate models in disease research.
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8
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Wang P, Yu Y, Liu J, Li B, Zhang Y, Li D, Xu W, Liu Q, Wang Z. IMCC: A Novel Quantitative Approach Revealing Variation of Global Modular Map and Local Inter-Module Coordination Among Differential Drug's Targeted Cerebral Ischemic Networks. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:637253. [PMID: 33935725 PMCID: PMC8087074 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.637253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a common disease characterized by multiple genetic dysfunctions. In this complex disease, detecting the strength of inter-module coordination (genetic community interaction) and subsequent modular rewiring is essential to characterize the reactive biosystematic variation (biosystematic perturbation) brought by multiple-target drugs, whose effects are achieved by hitting on a series of targets (target profile) jointly. Here, a quantitative approach for inter-module coordination and its transition, named as IMCC, was developed. Applying IMCC to mouse cerebral ischemia–related gene microarray, we investigated a holistic view of modular map and its rewiring from ischemic stroke to drugs (baicalin, BA; ursodeoxycholic acid, UA; and jasminoidin, JA) perturbation states and locally identified the cooperative pathological module pair and its dissection. Our result suggested the global modular map in cerebral ischemia exhibited a characteristic “core–periphery” architecture, and this architecture was rewired by the effective drugs heterogeneously: BA and UA converged modules into an intensively connected integrity, whereas JA diverged partial modules and widened the remaining inter-module paths. Locally, the PMP dissociation brought by drugs contributed to the reversion of the pathological condition: the focus of the cellular function shift from survival after nervous system injury into development and repair, including neurotrophin regulation, hormone releasing, and chemokine signaling activation. The core targets and mechanisms were validated by in vivo experiments. Overall, our result highlights the holistic inter-module coordination rearrangement rather than a target or a single module that brings phenotype alteration. This strategy may lead to systematically explore detailed variation of inter-module pharmacological action mode of multiple-target drugs, which is the principal problem of module pharmacology for network-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengqian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Yu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfeng Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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9
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Buonarati OR, Cook SG, Goodell DJ, Chalmers NE, Rumian NL, Tullis JE, Restrepo S, Coultrap SJ, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Bayer KU. CaMKII versus DAPK1 Binding to GluN2B in Ischemic Neuronal Cell Death after Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest. Cell Rep 2021; 30:1-8.e4. [PMID: 31914378 PMCID: PMC6959131 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DAPK1 binding to GluN2B was prominently reported to mediate ischemic cell death in vivo. DAPK1 and CaMKII bind to the same GluN2B region, and their binding is mutually exclusive. Here, we show that mutating the binding region on GluN2B (L1298A/ R1300Q) protected against neuronal cell death induced by cardiac arrest followed by resuscitation. Importantly, the GluN2B mutation selectively abolished only CaMKII, but not DAPK1, binding. During ischemic or excitotoxic insults, CaMKII further accumulated at excitatory synapses, and this accumulation was mediated by GluN2B binding. Interestingly, extra-synaptic GluN2B decreased after ischemia, but its relative association with DAPK1 increased. Thus, ischemic neuronal death requires CaMKII binding to synaptic GluN2B, whereas any potential role for DAPK1 binding is restricted to a different, likely extra-synaptic population of GluN2B. Ischemic insults cause excitotoxic neuronal cell death via NMDA receptor overstimulation. Buonarati et al. find that excitotoxic insults cause DAPK1 movement to extra-synaptic NMDA receptors and CaMKII movement to synaptic NMDA receptors; importantly, preventing this CaMKII movement protects neurons from ischemic death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah G Cook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dayton J Goodell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas E Chalmers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Susana Restrepo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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10
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Orfila JE, Dietz RM, Rodgers KM, Dingman A, Patsos OP, Cruz-Torres I, Grewal H, Strnad F, Schroeder C, Herson PS. Experimental pediatric stroke shows age-specific recovery of cognition and role of hippocampal Nogo-A receptor signaling. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:588-599. [PMID: 30762478 PMCID: PMC7026845 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19828581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and clinical data suggest that children may recover from stroke better than adults; however, supporting experimental data are lacking. We used our novel mouse model of experimental juvenile ischemic stroke (MCAO) to characterize age-specific cognitive dysfunction following ischemia. Juvenile and adult mice subjected to 45-min MCAO, and extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed to assess hippocampal synaptic plasticity changes after MCAO, and contextual fear conditioning was performed to evaluate memory and biochemistry used to analyze Nogo-A expression. Juvenile mice showed impaired synaptic plasticity seven days after MCAO, followed by full recovery by 30 days. Memory behavior was consistent with synaptic impairments and recovery after juvenile MCAO. Nogo-A expression increased in ipsilateral hippocampus seven days after MCAO compared to contralateral and sham hippocampus. Further, inhibition of Nogo-A receptors reversed MCAO-induced synaptic impairment in slices obtained seven days after juvenile MCAO. Adult MCAO-induced impairment of LTP was not associated with increased Nogo-A. This study demonstrates that stroke causes functional impairment in the hippocampus and recovery of behavioral and synaptic function is more robust in the young brain. Nogo-A receptor activity may account for the impairments seen following juvenile ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andra Dingman
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Olivia P Patsos
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ivelisse Cruz-Torres
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Himmat Grewal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Frank Strnad
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christian Schroeder
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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11
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Dietz RM, Cruz-Torres I, Orfila JE, Patsos OP, Shimizu K, Chalmers N, Deng G, Tiemeier E, Quillinan N, Herson PS. Reversal of Global Ischemia-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction by Delayed Inhibition of TRPM2 Ion Channels. Transl Stroke Res 2019; 11:254-266. [PMID: 31250378 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal injury and cognitive impairments are common after cardiac arrest and stroke and do not have an effective intervention despite much effort. Therefore, we developed a new approach aimed at reversing synaptic dysfunction by targeting TRPM2 channels. Cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) in mice was used to investigate cognitive deficits and the role of the calcium-permeable ion channel transient receptor potential-M2 (TRPM2) in ischemia-induced synaptic dysfunction. Our data indicates that absence (TRPM2-/-) or acute inhibition of TRPM2 channels with tatM2NX reduced hippocampal cell death in males only, but prevented synaptic plasticity deficits in both sexes. Remarkably, administration of tatM2NX weeks after injury reversed hippocampal plasticity and memory deficits. Finally, TRPM2-dependent activation of calcineurin-GSK3β pathway contributes to synaptic plasticity impairments. These data suggest persistent TRPM2 activity following ischemia contributes to impairments of the surviving hippocampal network and that inhibition of TRPM2 channels at chronic time points may represent a novel strategy to improve functional recovery following cerebral ischemia that is independent of neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ivelisse Cruz-Torres
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Olivia P Patsos
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kaori Shimizu
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Chalmers
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guiying Deng
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erika Tiemeier
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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12
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Orfila JE, Grewal H, Dietz RM, Strnad F, Shimizu T, Moreno M, Schroeder C, Yonchek J, Rodgers KM, Dingman A, Bernard TJ, Quillinan N, Macklin WB, Traystman RJ, Herson PS. Delayed inhibition of tonic inhibition enhances functional recovery following experimental ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1005-1014. [PMID: 29283314 PMCID: PMC6547193 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17750761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study focuses on the ability to improve cognitive function after stroke with interventions administered at delayed/chronic time points. In light of recent studies demonstrating delayed GABA antagonists improve motor function, we utilized electrophysiology, biochemistry and neurobehavioral methods to investigate the role of α5 GABAA receptors on hippocampal plasticity and functional recovery following ischemic stroke. Male C57Bl/6 mice were exposed to 45 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and analysis of synaptic and functional deficits performed 7 or 30 days after recovery. Our findings indicate that hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is impaired 7 days after stroke and remain impaired for at least 30 days. We demonstrate that ex vivo administration of L655,708 reversed ischemia-induced plasticity deficits and importantly, in vivo administration at delayed time-points reversed stroke-induced memory deficits. Western blot analysis of hippocampal tissue reveals proteins responsible for GABA synthesis are upregulated (GAD65/67 and MAOB), increasing GABA in hippocampal interneurons 30 days after stroke. Thus, our data indicate that both synaptic plasticity and memory impairments observed after stroke are caused by excessive tonic GABA activity, making inhibition of specific GABA activity at delayed timepoints a potential therapeutic approach to improve functional recovery and reverse cognitive impairments after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Orfila
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Himmat Grewal
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Frank Strnad
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Takeru Shimizu
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Myriam Moreno
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christian Schroeder
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joan Yonchek
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andra Dingman
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Nidia Quillinan
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- 4 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,5 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,5 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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13
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Dietz RM, Orfila JE, Rodgers KM, Patsos OP, Deng G, Chalmers N, Quillinan N, Traystman RJ, Herson PS. Juvenile cerebral ischemia reveals age-dependent BDNF-TrkB signaling changes: Novel mechanism of recovery and therapeutic intervention. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:2223-2235. [PMID: 29611441 PMCID: PMC6282214 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18766421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Global ischemia in childhood often leads to poor neurologic outcomes, including learning and memory deficits. Using our novel model of childhood cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR), we investigate the mechanism of ischemia-induced cognitive deficits and recovery. Memory is impaired seven days after juvenile CA/CPR and completely recovers by 30 days. Consistent with this remarkable recovery not observed in adults, hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is impaired 7-14 days after CA/CPR, recovering by 30 days. This recovery is not due to the replacement of dead neurons (neurogenesis), but rather correlates with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, implicating BDNF as the molecular mechanism underlying impairment and recovery. Importantly, delayed activation of TrkB receptor signaling reverses CA/CPR-induced LTP deficits and memory impairments. These data provide two new insights (1) endogenous recovery of memory and LTP through development may contribute to improved neurological outcome in children compared to adults and (2) BDNF-enhancing drugs speed recovery from pediatric cardiac arrest during the critical school ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Dietz
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Olivia P Patsos
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guiying Deng
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Chalmers
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,4 Department of Pharmacology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,4 Department of Pharmacology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Anesthesiology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,4 Department of Pharmacology, 129263 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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14
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Cardiac Arrest Induces Ischemic Long-Term Potentiation of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons That Occludes Physiological Long-Term Potentiation. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:9275239. [PMID: 29853851 PMCID: PMC5944194 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9275239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic long-term potentiation (iLTP) is a form of synaptic plasticity that occurs in acute brain slices following oxygen-glucose deprivation. In vitro, iLTP can occlude physiological LTP (pLTP) through saturation of plasticity mechanisms. We used our murine cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) model to produce global brain ischemia and assess whether iLTP is induced in vivo, contributing to the functionally relevant impairment of pLTP. Adult male mice were subjected to CA/CPR, and slice electrophysiology was performed in the hippocampal CA1 region 7 or 30 days later. We observed increased miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitudes, suggesting a potentiation of postsynaptic AMPA receptor function after CA/CPR. We also observed increased phosphorylated GluR1 in the postsynaptic density of hippocampi after CA/CPR. These data support the in vivo induction of ischemia-induced plasticity. Application of a low-frequency stimulus (LFS) to CA1 inputs reduced excitatory postsynaptic potentials in slices from mice subjected to CA/CPR, while having no effects in sham controls. These results are consistent with a reversal, or depotentiation, of iLTP. Further, depotentiation with LFS partially restored induction of pLTP with theta burst stimulation. These data provide evidence for iLTP following in vivo ischemia, which occludes pLTP and likely contributes to network disruptions that underlie memory impairments.
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15
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Stradecki-Cohan HM, Cohan CH, Raval AP, Dave KR, Reginensi D, Gittens RA, Youbi M, Perez-Pinzon MA. Cognitive Deficits after Cerebral Ischemia and Underlying Dysfunctional Plasticity: Potential Targets for Recovery of Cognition. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:S87-S105. [PMID: 28453486 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia affects millions of people worldwide and survivors suffer from long-term functional and cognitive deficits. While stroke and cardiac arrest are typically considered when discussing ischemic brain injuries, there is much evidence that smaller ischemic insults underlie neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. The "regenerative" capacity of the brain relies on several aspects of plasticity that are crucial for normal functioning; less affected brain areas may take over function previously performed by irreversibly damaged tissue. To harness the endogenous plasticity mechanisms of the brain to provide recovery of cognitive function, we must first understand how these mechanisms are altered after damage, such as cerebral ischemia. In this review, we discuss the long-term cognitive changes that result after cerebral ischemia and how ischemia alters several plasticity processes. We conclude with a discussion of how current and prospective therapies may restore brain plasticity and allow for recovery of cognitive function, which may be applicable to several disorders that have a disruption of cognitive processing, including traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly M Stradecki-Cohan
- Department of Neurology Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles H Cohan
- Department of Neurology Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ami P Raval
- Department of Neurology Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Department of Neurology Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Diego Reginensi
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Rolando A Gittens
- Centro de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Mehdi Youbi
- Department of Neurology Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Miguel A Perez-Pinzon
- Department of Neurology Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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16
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Gould EA, Busquet N, Shepherd D, Dietz RM, Herson PS, Simoes de Souza FM, Li A, George NM, Restrepo D, Macklin WB. Mild myelin disruption elicits early alteration in behavior and proliferation in the subventricular zone. eLife 2018; 7:34783. [PMID: 29436368 PMCID: PMC5828668 DOI: 10.7554/elife.34783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin, the insulating sheath around axons, supports axon function. An important question is the impact of mild myelin disruption. In the absence of the myelin protein proteolipid protein (PLP1), myelin is generated but with age, axonal function/maintenance is disrupted. Axon disruption occurs in Plp1-null mice as early as 2 months in cortical projection neurons. High-volume cellular quantification techniques revealed a region-specific increase in oligodendrocyte density in the olfactory bulb and rostral corpus callosum that increased during adulthood. A distinct proliferative response of progenitor cells was observed in the subventricular zone (SVZ), while the number and proliferation of parenchymal oligodendrocyte progenitor cells was unchanged. This SVZ proliferative response occurred prior to evidence of axonal disruption. Thus, a novel SVZ response contributes to the region-specific increase in oligodendrocytes in Plp1-null mice. Young adult Plp1-null mice exhibited subtle but substantial behavioral alterations, indicative of an early impact of mild myelin disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Nicolas Busquet
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Douglas Shepherd
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Pediatric Heart Lung Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | | | - Anan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nicholas M George
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States.,Neuroscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
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17
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Deng G, Orfila JE, Dietz RM, Moreno-Garcia M, Rodgers KM, Coultrap SJ, Quillinan N, Traystman RJ, Bayer KU, Herson PS. Autonomous CaMKII Activity as a Drug Target for Histological and Functional Neuroprotection after Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest. Cell Rep 2017; 18:1109-1117. [PMID: 28147268 PMCID: PMC5540152 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a major mediator of physiological glutamate signaling, but its role in pathological glutamate signaling (excitotoxicity) remains less clear, with indications for both neurotoxic and neuro-protective functions. Here, the role of CaMKII in ischemic injury is assessed utilizing our mouse model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). CaMKII inhibition (with tatCN21 or tatCN19o) at clinically relevant time points (30 min after resuscitation) greatly reduces neuronal injury. Importantly, CaMKII inhibition also works in combination with mild hypothermia, the current standard of care. The relevant drug target is specifically Ca2+-independent “autonomous” CaMKII activity generated by T286 autophosphorylation, as indicated by substantial reduction in injury in autonomy-incompetent T286A mutant mice. In addition to reducing cell death, tatCN19o also protects the surviving neurons from functional plasticity impairments and prevents behavioral learning deficits, even at extremely low doses (0.01 mg/kg), further highlighting the clinical potential of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiying Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Myriam Moreno-Garcia
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steve J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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18
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Kelley MH, Wu WW, Lei J, McLane M, Xie H, Hart KD, Pereira L, Burd I, Maylie J. Functional changes in hippocampal synaptic signaling in offspring survivors of a mouse model of intrauterine inflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:180. [PMID: 28874190 PMCID: PMC5583754 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that exposure to intrauterine inflammation causes acute fetal brain injury and is linked to a spectrum of neurobehavioral disorders. In a rodent model of intrauterine inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in utero, activated microglia can be detected in the hippocampus of offspring survivors, as late as 60 days postnatal (DPN). Given that the hippocampus is important for learning and memory, these results suggest that in utero inflammation underlies long-term cognitive deficits observed in children/survivors. METHODS An established mouse model of LPS-induced intrauterine inflammation was used to study hippocampal function from offspring at 44-59 DPN. Microgliosis was examined at 45 DPN. Extracellular field recordings of synaptic transmission were performed on acute hippocampal slices. RESULTS LPS offspring mice displayed persistent microglial activation and increased CA3-CA1 excitatory synaptic strength, which can be explained in part by an increase in the probability of glutamate release, and reduced long-term synaptic potentiation compared to control mice. CONCLUSIONS These results offer a mechanistic explanation for the cognitive and behavioral deficits observed in survivors of preterm birth caused by intrauterine inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa H Kelley
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Wendy W Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.,Present address: US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, USA
| | - Jun Lei
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Michael McLane
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Han Xie
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Kyle D Hart
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Leonardo Pereira
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Irina Burd
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - James Maylie
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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19
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Joksimovic SM, Eggan P, Izumi Y, Joksimovic SL, Tesic V, Dietz RM, Orfila JE, DiGruccio MR, Herson PS, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Zorumski CF, Todorovic SM. The role of T-type calcium channels in the subiculum: to burst or not to burst? J Physiol 2017; 595:6327-6348. [PMID: 28744923 PMCID: PMC5621493 DOI: 10.1113/jp274565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Pharmacological, molecular and genetic data indicate a prominent role of low-voltage-activated T-type calcium channels (T-channels) in the firing activity of both pyramidal and inhibitory interneurons in the subiculum. Pharmacological inhibition of T-channels switched burst firing with lower depolarizing stimuli to regular spiking, and fully abolished hyperpolarization-induced burst firing. Our molecular studies showed that CaV 3.1 is the most abundantly expressed isoform of T-channels in the rat subiculum. Consistent with this finding, both regular-spiking and burst firing patterns were profoundly depressed in the mouse with global deletion of CaV 3.1 isoform of T-channels. Selective inhibition of T-channels and global deletion of CaV 3.1 channels completely suppressed development of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1-subiculum, but not in the CA3-CA1 pathway. ABSTRACT Several studies suggest that voltage-gated calcium currents are involved in generating high frequency burst firing in the subiculum, but the exact nature of these currents remains unknown. Here, we used selective pharmacology, molecular and genetic approaches to implicate Cav3.1-containing T-channels in subicular burst firing, in contrast to several previous reports discounting T-channels as major contributors to subicular neuron physiology. Furthermore, pharmacological antagonism of T-channels, as well as global deletion of CaV3.1 isoform, completely suppressed development of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1-subiculum, but not in the CA3-CA1 pathway. Our results indicate that excitability and synaptic plasticity of subicular neurons relies heavily on T-channels. Hence, T-channels may be a promising new drug target for different cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan M Joksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Pierce Eggan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Yukitoshi Izumi
- Department of Psychiatry & Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sonja Lj Joksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Michael R DiGruccio
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Charles F Zorumski
- Department of Psychiatry & Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Slobodan M Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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20
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Quillinan N, Deng G, Shimizu K, Cruz-Torres I, Schroeder C, Traystman RJ, Herson PS. Long-term depression in Purkinje neurons is persistently impaired following cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:3053-3064. [PMID: 28168893 PMCID: PMC5536809 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16683691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) produce brain ischemia that results in cognitive and motor coordination impairments subsequent to injury of vulnerable populations of neurons, including cerebellar Purkinje neurons. To determine the effects of CA/CPR on plasticity in the cerebellum, we used whole cell recordings from Purkinje neurons to examine long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber (PF) synapses. Acute slices were prepared from adult male mice subjected to 8 min cardiac arrest at 1, 7, and 30 days after resuscitation. Concurrent stimulation of PF and climbing fibers (CFs) resulted in robust LTD of PF-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in controls. LTD was absent in recordings obtained from mice subjected to CA/CPR, with no change in EPSC amplitude from baseline at any time point tested. AMPA and mGluR-mediated responses at the PF were not altered by CA/CPR. In contrast, CF-evoked NMDA currents were reduced following CA/CPR, which could account for the loss of LTD observed. A loss of GluN1 protein was observed following CA/CPR that was surprisingly not associated with changes in mRNA expression. These data demonstrate sustained impairments in synaptic plasticity in Purkinje neurons that survive the initial injury and which likely contribute to motor coordination impairments observed after CA/CPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Quillinan
- 1 Neuronal Injury Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guiying Deng
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kaori Shimizu
- 1 Neuronal Injury Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Christian Schroeder
- 1 Neuronal Injury Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- 1 Neuronal Injury Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- 1 Neuronal Injury Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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21
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Honrath B, Krabbendam IE, Culmsee C, Dolga AM. Small conductance Ca 2+-activated K + channels in the plasma membrane, mitochondria and the ER: Pharmacology and implications in neuronal diseases. Neurochem Int 2017; 109:13-23. [PMID: 28511953 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels regulate after-hyperpolarization in many types of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. Small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2/SK) channels, a subfamily of KCa channels, are widely expressed in the nervous system, and in the cardiovascular system. Voltage-independent SK channels are activated by alterations in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) which facilitates the opening of these channels through binding of Ca2+ to calmodulin that is constitutively bound to the SK2 C-terminus. In neurons, SK channels regulate synaptic plasticity and [Ca2+]i homeostasis, and a number of recent studies elaborated on the emerging neuroprotective potential of SK channel activation in conditions of excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia, as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative cell death. Recently, SK channels were discovered in the inner mitochondrial membrane and in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum which sheds new light on the underlying molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in SK channel-mediated protective effects. In this review, we will discuss the protective properties of pharmacological SK channel modulation with particular emphasis on intracellularly located SK channels as potential therapeutic targets in paradigms of neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Honrath
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge E Krabbendam
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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22
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Wang P, Wang ZY. Metal ions influx is a double edged sword for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:265-290. [PMID: 27829171 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common form of dementia in aged people, which is defined by two pathological characteristics: β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. Although the mechanisms of AD development are still being debated, a series of evidence supports the idea that metals, such as copper, iron, zinc, magnesium and aluminium, are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In particular, the processes of Aβ deposition in senile plaques (SP) and the inclusion of phosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are markedly influenced by alterations in the homeostasis of the aforementioned metal ions. Moreover, the mechanisms of oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity, neurotoxicity, autophagy and apoptosis mediate the effects of metal ions-induced the aggregation state of Aβ and phosphorylated tau on AD development. More importantly, imbalance of these mechanisms finally caused cognitive decline in different experiment models. Collectively, reconstructing the signaling network that regulates AD progression by metal ions may provide novel insights for developing chelators specific for metal ions to combat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, No. 3-11, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, No. 3-11, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
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Abstract
Every year in the United States, millions of individuals incur ischemic brain injury from stroke, cardiac arrest, or traumatic brain injury. These acquired brain injuries can lead to death or long-term neurologic and neuropsychological impairments. The mechanisms of ischemic and traumatic brain injury that lead to these deficiencies result from a complex interplay of interdependent molecular pathways, including excitotoxicity, acidotoxicity, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This article reviews several mechanisms of brain injury and discusses recent developments. Although much is known from animal models of injury, it has been difficult to translate these effects to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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24
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Weitzel LR, Sampath D, Shimizu K, White AM, Herson PS, Raol YH. EEG power as a biomarker to predict the outcome after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation induced global ischemia. Life Sci 2016; 165:21-25. [PMID: 27640888 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac arrest (CA) is a major cause of mortality and survivors often develop neurologic deficits. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of CA and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in mice on the EEG and neurologic outcomes, and identify biomarkers that can prognosticate poor outcomes. MAIN METHODS Video-EEG records were obtained at various periods following CA-CPR and examined manually to determine the presence of spikes and sharp-waves, and seizures. EEG power was calculated using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. KEY FINDINGS Fifty percent mice died within 72h following CA and successful CPR. Universal suppression of the background EEG was observed in all mice following CA-CPR, however, a more severe and sustained reduction in EEG power occurred in the mice that did not survive beyond 72h than those that survived until sacrificed. Spikes and sharp wave activity appeared in the cortex and hippocampus of all mice, but only one out of eight mice developed a purely electrographic seizure in the acute period after CA-CPR. Interestingly, none of the mice that died experienced any acute seizures. At 10days after the CA-CPR, 25% of the mice developed spontaneous convulsive and nonconvulsive seizures that remained restricted to the hippocampus. The frequency of nonconvulsive seizures was higher than that of convulsive seizures. SIGNIFICANCE A strong association between changes in EEG power and mortality following CA-CPR were observed in our study. Therefore, we suggest that the EEG power can be used to prognosticate mortality following CA-CPR induced global ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay-Rae Weitzel
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dayalan Sampath
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, School of Medicine, Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kaori Shimizu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andrew M White
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, School of Medicine, Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Yogendra H Raol
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, School of Medicine, Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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25
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Barra de la Tremblaye P, Plamondon H. Alterations in the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurocircuitry: Insights into post stroke functional impairments. Front Neuroendocrinol 2016; 42:53-75. [PMID: 27455847 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although it is well accepted that changes in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis may increase susceptibility to affective disorders in the general population, this link has been less examined in stroke patients. Yet, the bidirectional association between depression and cardiovascular disease is strong, and stress increases vulnerability to stroke. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is the central stress hormone of the HPA axis pathway and acts by binding to CRH receptors (CRHR) 1 and 2, which are located in several stress-related brain regions. Evidence from clinical and animal studies suggests a role for CRH in the neurobiological basis of depression and ischemic brain injury. Given its importance in the regulation of the neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral correlates of adaptation and maladaptation to stress, CRH is likely associated in the pathophysiology of post stroke emotional impairments. The goals of this review article are to examine the clinical and experimental data describing (1) that CRH regulates the molecular signaling brain circuit underlying anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, (2) the influence of CRH and other stress markers in the pathophysiology of post stroke emotional and cognitive impairments, and (3) context and site specific interactions of CRH and BDNF as a basis for the development of novel therapeutic targets. This review addresses how the production and release of the neuropeptide CRH within the various regions of the mesocorticolimbic system influences emotional and cognitive behaviors with a look into its role in psychiatric disorders post stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Barra de la Tremblaye
- School of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Building, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - H Plamondon
- School of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Building, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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26
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Dietz RM, Deng G, Orfila JE, Hui X, Traystman RJ, Herson PS. Therapeutic hypothermia protects against ischemia-induced impairment of synaptic plasticity following juvenile cardiac arrest in sex-dependent manner. Neuroscience 2016; 325:132-41. [PMID: 27033251 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric cardiac arrest (CA) often leads to poor neurologic outcomes, including deficits in learning and memory. The only approved treatment for CA is therapeutic hypothermia, although its utility in the pediatric population remains unclear. This study analyzed the effect of mild therapeutic hypothermia after CA in juvenile mice on hippocampal neuronal injury and the cellular model of learning and memory, termed long-term potentiation (LTP). Juvenile mice were subjected to cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) followed by normothermia (37°C) and hypothermia (30°C, 32°C). Histological injury of hippocampal CA1 neurons was performed 3days after resuscitation using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Field excitatory post-synaptic potentials (fEPSPs) were recorded from acute hippocampal slices 7days after CA/CPR to determine LTP. Synaptic function was impaired 7days after CA/CPR. Mice exposed to hypothermia showed equivalent neuroprotection, but exhibited sexually dimorphic protection against ischemia-induced impairment of LTP. Hypothermia (32°C) protects synaptic plasticity more effectively in females, with males requiring a deeper level of hypothermia (30°C) for equivalent protection. In conclusion, male and female juvenile mice exhibit equivalent neuronal injury following CA/CPR and hypothermia protects both males and females. We made the surprising finding that juvenile mice have a sexually dimorphic response to mild therapeutic hypothermia protection of synaptic function, where males may need a deeper level of hypothermia for equivalent synaptic protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - G Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - X Hui
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R J Traystman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - P S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Sirtuin-2 mediates male specific neuronal injury following experimental cardiac arrest through activation of TRPM2 ion channels. Exp Neurol 2015; 275 Pt 1:78-83. [PMID: 26522013 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sirtuins (Sirt) are a class of deacetylase enzymes that play an important role in cell proliferation. Sirt2 activation produces O-acetylated-ADPribose (OAADPr) which can act as a ligand for transient receptor potential cation channel, M2 (TRPM2). We tested the hypothesis that Sirt2 is activated following global cerebral ischemia and contributes to neuronal injury through activation of TRPM2. METHODS Adult male and female mice (8-12 weeks old) C57Bl/6 and TRPM2 knock-out mice were subjected to 8 min of cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). The Sirt2 inhibitor AGK-2 was administered intravenously 30 min after resuscitation. Hippocampal CA1 injury was analyzed at 3 days after CA/CPR. Acute Sirt2 activity was analyzed at 3 and 24 h after CA/CPR. Long-term hippocampal function was assessed using slice electrophysiology 7 days after CA/CPR. RESULTS AGK-2 significantly reduced CA1 injury in WT but not TRPM2 knock-out males and had no effect on CA1 injury in females. Elevated Sirt2 activity was observed in hippocampal tissue from males at 24 h after cardiac arrest and was reduced by AGK-2. In contrast, Sirt2 activity in females was increased at 3 but not 24 h. Finally, we observed long-term benefit of AGK-2 on hippocampal function, with a protection of long-term potentiation at CA1 synapses at 7 and 30 days after ischemia. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we observed a male specific activation of Sirt2 that contributes to neuronal injury and functional deficits after ischemia specifically in males. These results are consistent with a role of Sirt2 in activating TRPM2 following global ischemia in a sex specific manner. These results support the growing body of literature showing that oxidative stress mechanisms predominate in males and converge on TRPM2 activation as a mediator of cell death.
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28
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Graber LC, Quillinan N, Marrotte EJ, McDonagh DL, Bartels K. Neurocognitive outcomes after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2015; 29:125-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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