1
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Hardison EA, Eliason EJ. Diet effects on ectotherm thermal performance. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:1537-1555. [PMID: 38616524 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The environment is changing rapidly, and considerable research is aimed at understanding the capacity of organisms to respond. Changes in environmental temperature are particularly concerning as most animals are ectothermic, with temperature considered a key factor governing their ecology, biogeography, behaviour and physiology. The ability of ectotherms to persist in an increasingly warm, variable, and unpredictable future will depend on their nutritional status. Nutritional resources (e.g. food availability, quality, options) vary across space and time and in response to environmental change, but animals also have the capacity to alter how much they eat and what they eat, which may help them improve their performance under climate change. In this review, we discuss the state of knowledge in the intersection between animal nutrition and temperature. We take a mechanistic approach to describe nutrients (i.e. broad macronutrients, specific lipids, and micronutrients) that may impact thermal performance and discuss what is currently known about their role in ectotherm thermal plasticity, thermoregulatory behaviour, diet preference, and thermal tolerance. We finish by describing how this topic can inform ectotherm biogeography, behaviour, and aquaculture research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Hardison
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA
| | - Erika J Eliason
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA
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2
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Dumith MT, Santos AFGN. Use of trophic ecology of omnivorous fish and abiotic factors as supporting tools for assessing environmental impacts in a neotropical river. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:780-796. [PMID: 37984817 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The study of diet is one of the mechanisms by which competition for resources between species that cohabit in the same ecosystem can be inferred. Therefore, the relationships of the indices that measure specialization in the diet of fish species are necessary to characterize the nutritional quality of these populations and the ecosystem's environmental health. Three species of catfish were selected: one invasive (Clarias gariepinus) and two natives (Trachelyopterus striatulus and Rhamdia quelen), with similar distribution along the Guapi-Macacu River, in the Guapimirim Protection Area (Rio de Janeiro). Fifty-nine catfish of the three species were collected in total, along 32 collection points in the Guapi-Macacu River in two periods (dry and rainy) in 2018. Non-parametric statistics showed the partition of resources between species and the influence of abiotic factors (temperature, pH, transparency, and dissolved oxygen) contributing to the selection of available resources in the environment. Diet-related indices-repletion index (RI), condition factor (K), niche width, and trophic position (TP) of the specimens collected-contributed to measuring the nutritional status of each of these catfish species, showing that R. quelen has a relationship between RI and K, tending to absorb and metabolize nutrients faster than other species. In addition, the invasive species occupies a wide range of TPs compared to native species, confirming its feeding plasticity. On the contrary, T. striatulus needs large amounts of terrestrial insects to maintain its poor condition factor. Also, the RI showed direct influences of abiotic variables, with the temperature being the most prominent. Our results suggest that the invasive species can benefit from this environment that shows signs of environmental degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Torres Dumith
- Graduate Program in Ocean and Terrestrial Dynamics, Department of Geology, Geosciences Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Alejandra F G N Santos
- Department of Animal Science and Sustainable Social-Environmental Development, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
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3
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Adkins J, Hammill E, Abdulwahab UA, Draper JP, Wolf JM, McClure CM, González Ortiz AA, Chavez EA, Atwood TB. Environmental variables drive spatial patterns of trophic diversity in mammals. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:1940-1950. [PMID: 37694760 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding environmental drivers of species diversity has become increasingly important under climate change. Different trophic groups (predators, omnivores and herbivores) interact with their environments in fundamentally different ways and may therefore be influenced by different environmental drivers. Using random forest models, we identified drivers of terrestrial mammals' total and proportional species richness within trophic groups at a global scale. Precipitation seasonality was the most important predictor of richness for all trophic groups. Richness peaked at intermediate precipitation seasonality, indicating that moderate levels of environmental heterogeneity promote mammal richness. Gross primary production (GPP) was the most important correlate of the relative contribution of each trophic group to total species richness. The strong relationship with GPP demonstrates that basal-level resource availability influences how diversity is structured among trophic groups. Our findings suggest that environmental characteristics that influence resource temporal variability and abundance are important predictors of terrestrial mammal richness at a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaron Adkins
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Edd Hammill
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Umarfarooq A Abdulwahab
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - John P Draper
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - J Marshall Wolf
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Catherine M McClure
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Adrián A González Ortiz
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Emily A Chavez
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Trisha B Atwood
- The Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
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4
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Raffard A, Cucherousset J, Santoul F, Di Gesu L, Blanchet S. Climate and intraspecific variation in a consumer species drive ecosystem multifunctionality. OIKOS 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Raffard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR2029) Moulis France
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionelle et Environnement CNRS‐INPT‐UPS, Univ. Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174, Univ. de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD Toulouse France
| | - Frédéric Santoul
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionelle et Environnement CNRS‐INPT‐UPS, Univ. Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Lucie Di Gesu
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR2029) Moulis France
| | - Simon Blanchet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UAR2029) Moulis France
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5
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Lukić D, Pormehr N, Beladjal L, Vad CF, Ptacnik R, Van Stappen G, Agh N, Horváth Z. Life-history omnivory in the fairy shrimp Branchinecta orientalis (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). HYDROBIOLOGIA 2023; 850:901-909. [PMID: 36776478 PMCID: PMC9905153 DOI: 10.1007/s10750-022-05132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Very little is known about the feeding of naupliar and juvenile life stages of omnivorous fairy shrimps (Crustacea: Anostraca). Here, we aim to reveal whether the fairy shrimp Branchinecta orientalis is an ontogenetic omnivore and at which age and ontogenetic stage they gain the ability to feed on zooplankton. We assess how food uptake rates change with age until reaching maturity by providing algae (pico- and nanoplanktonic unicellular algae) and zooplankton (rotifers and copepod nauplii) as food in individual experiments. We found that the fairy shrimp B. orientalis started to feed on both types of algal prey immediately after hatching. Nanoplanktonic algae likely represented the most important food source until reaching maturity. Moreover, fairy shrimps started to feed on zooplankton already when they were 7 days old. Slow-moving rotifers gradually gained importance in the fairy shrimp diet with time. Our results reveal an ontogenetic change in the prey spectrum of fairy shrimp. The systematic shift towards omnivory likely affects both phyto- and zooplankton community composition, possibly contributing to temporal changes in food web dynamics in fairy shrimp habitats, and temporary ponds, which may warrant more detailed investigations in future studies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10750-022-05132-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Lukić
- WasserCluster Lunz, Lunz am See, Austria
- Research Department for Limnology Mondsee, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Navid Pormehr
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Centre, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering-Block F, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lynda Beladjal
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Csaba F. Vad
- WasserCluster Lunz, Lunz am See, Austria
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Gilbert Van Stappen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Centre, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering-Block F, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Naser Agh
- Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zsόfia Horváth
- WasserCluster Lunz, Lunz am See, Austria
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
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6
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Liang D, Luo H, Huang C, Ye Z, Sun S, Dong J, Liang M, Lin S, Yang Y. High-throughput sequencing reveals omnivorous and preferential diets of the rotifer Polyarthra in situ. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1048619. [PMID: 36620053 PMCID: PMC9810806 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1048619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of in situ diet of widespread rotifers is crucial for accurately understanding the trophic position, ecological function, and adaptability to environmental changes in aquatic ecosystems. However, it is challenging to achieve the in situ diet information due to the lack of efficient and comprehensive methods. Here, we investigated the diet composition of Polyarthra in a subtropical lake using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of a rRNA metabarcode for Polyarthra and ambient water samples. After eliminating Polyarthra sequences, a total of 159 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from taxa in 15 phyla were detected from Polyarthra gut content samples. Most of the OTUs belong to Chlorophyta, followed by unclassified Fungi, Chrysophyta, Dinoflagellata, Ciliophora, Bacillariophyta, Cryptophyta, Arthropoda, Cercozoa, Mollusca, Apicomplexa, Haptophyta, Amoebozoa, Chordata and other eukaryotes. Our results showed that Polyarthra mainly grazed on Chlorophyta, which may result from the high relative abundance of Chlorophyta in ambient waters. In contrast, Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae were enriched in Polyarthra's gut, indicating that this rotifer prefers these taxa as food. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that total nitrogen, transparency, depth, Chlorophyll-a and total phosphorus were key factors for the variation of the eukaryotic community in the Polyarthra gut contents. When the concentration of nutrients in the water environment decreased, Polyarthra shifted from herbivorous feeding to more carnivorous feeding. Thus, Polyarthra is generally omnivorous but preference for Chrysophytes and Synurophytes, and it responds to the environmental changes by adopting a flexible feeding strategy. This could partly explain why the widespread rotifers have apparently wide tolerance toward spatial and environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwen Liang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, China,Institute of Hydrobiology and Research Center of Low Carbon Economy for Guangzhou Region, Jinan University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, China,Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, United States
| | - Hailin Luo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunrong Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Sun
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahua Dong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyi Liang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senjie Lin
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, United States,*Correspondence: Senjie Lin,
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Research Center of Low Carbon Economy for Guangzhou Region, Jinan University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, China,Yufeng Yang,
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7
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Beck M, Billoir E, Felten V, Meyer A, Usseglio‐Polatera P, Danger M. Lessons from linking bio- and ecological traits to stoichiometric traits in stream macroinvertebrates. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9605. [PMID: 36514542 PMCID: PMC9731919 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecologists rely on various functional traits when investigating the functioning of ecological systems and its responses to global changes. Changing nutrient levels, for example, can affect taxa expressing different trait combinations in various ways, e.g., favoring small, fast-growing species under high phosphorus conditions. Stoichiometric traits, describing the elemental composition of organism body tissues, can help in understanding the mechanisms behind such functional shifts. So far, mainly life-history traits have been related to body stoichiometry (e.g., the growth rate hypothesis) on a limited number of taxa, and there is little knowledge of the general link between stoichiometric and other functional traits on a taxonomically large scale. Here, we highlight this link in the freshwater macroinvertebrates, testing predictions from underlying trait-based and Ecological Stoichiometry Theory (EST) in >200 taxa belonging to eight larger taxonomic groups. We applied a series of multivariate analyses on six of their stoichiometric traits (%C, %N, %P, C:N, C:P, and N:P) and 23 biological and ecological traits. We found significant relationships between stoichiometric traits and other types of traits when analyzing single-trait and multi-trait profiles. Patterns found within traits related to organism development or nutrient cycling were in line with our assumptions based on EST, e.g., traits describing predators were associated with high %N; traits suggesting a fast development (small maximum body size and high molting frequency) with high %P. Associations between ecological traits and body stoichiometry could be explained by the longitudinal stream gradient: Taxa preferring headwater habitats (i.e., high altitude, coarse substrate, and cold temperature) exhibited high %N and %P. Demonstrating the link between stoichiometric and both bio- and ecological traits on a large diversity of taxa underlines the potential of integrating stoichiometric traits into ecological analyses to improve our understanding of taxonomic and functional responses of communities-and ecosystems-to changing environmental conditions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincent Felten
- CNRS, LIECUniversité de LorraineMetzFrance,LTER‐“Zone Atelier Moselle”MetzFrance
| | | | | | - Michael Danger
- CNRS, LIECUniversité de LorraineMetzFrance,LTER‐“Zone Atelier Moselle”MetzFrance,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)ParisFrance
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8
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Laspoumaderes C, Meunier CL, Magnin A, Berlinghof J, Elser JJ, Balseiro E, Torres G, Modenutti B, Tremblay N, Boersma M. A common temperature dependence of nutritional demands in ectotherms. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2189-2202. [PMID: 35981221 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In light of ongoing climate change, it is increasingly important to know how nutritional requirements of ectotherms are affected by changing temperatures. Here, we analyse the wide thermal response of phosphorus (P) requirements via elemental gross growth efficiencies of Carbon (C) and P, and the Threshold Elemental Ratios in different aquatic invertebrate ectotherms: the freshwater model species Daphnia magna, the marine copepod Acartia tonsa, the marine heterotrophic dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina, and larvae of two populations of the marine crab Carcinus maenas. We show that they all share a non-linear cubic thermal response of nutrient requirements. Phosphorus requirements decrease from low to intermediate temperatures, increase at higher temperatures and decrease again when temperature is excessive. This common thermal response of nutrient requirements is of great importance if we aim to understand or even predict how ectotherm communities will react to global warming and nutrient-driven eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Laspoumaderes
- INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina.,Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Germany.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Cedric L Meunier
- Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Germany
| | - Amaru Magnin
- INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina.,Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Germany
| | - Johanna Berlinghof
- Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Germany.,Department of Marine Ecology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - James J Elser
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, Montana, USA
| | - Esteban Balseiro
- INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Torres
- Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Germany
| | - Beatriz Modenutti
- INIBIOMA, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Nelly Tremblay
- Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Germany.,Pêches et Océans Canada, Mont-Joli, Quebec, Canada.,Département de Biologie, de Chimie et de Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada
| | - Maarten Boersma
- Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Germany.,FB2, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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9
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Liu K, Ng HYT, Gao Z, Liu H. Selective Feeding of a Mixotrophic Dinoflagellate (Lepidodinium sp.) in Response to Experimental Warming and Inorganic Nutrient Imbalance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:805306. [PMID: 35516439 PMCID: PMC9063636 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.805306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixotrophic protists are widely observed in the aquatic ecosystems, while how they respond to inorganic nutrient imbalance and ocean warming remains understudied. We conducted a series of experiments on a mixotrophic dinoflagellate Lepidodinium sp. isolated from subtropical coastal waters to investigate the combined effect of temperature and medium nitrate to phosphate ratio (N:P ratio) on the ingestion activities of mixotrophic protists. We found Lepidodinium sp. displayed selective feeding behaviour with a higher ingestion rate on high-N prey (N-rich Rhodomonas salina) when the ambient inorganic N:P ratio was equal to or below the Redfield ratio. The Chesson selectivity index α increased with increasing temperature, suggesting that warming exacerbated the selective feeding of Lepidodinium sp. Under inorganic nitrogen sufficient conditions (N:P ratio = 64), no selective feeding was observed at 25 and 28°C, while it occurs at 31°C, which also indicates that warming alters the feeding behaviour of Lepidodinium sp. In addition, our results revealed that the total ingestion rate of Lepidodinium sp. under the condition with normal inorganic nutrients (Redfield ratio) was significantly lower than that under nutrient-imbalanced conditions, which indicates that Lepidodinium sp. developed compensatory feeding to balance their cellular stoichiometry and satisfy their growth. Our study is the first attempt on revealing the selective feeding behaviours of mixotrophic protists on prey under different inorganic nutrient environments and rising temperatures, which will contribute to our understanding of the response of marine plankton food web to projected climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Herrick Yin-To Ng
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zuyuan Gao
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbin Liu,
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10
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Uszko W, Huss M, Gårdmark A. Smaller species but larger stages: Warming effects on inter- and intraspecific community size structure. Ecology 2022; 103:e3699. [PMID: 35352827 PMCID: PMC9285768 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Global warming can alter size distributions of animal communities, but the contribution of size shifts within versus between species to such changes remains unknown. In particular, it is unclear if expected body size shrinkage in response to warming, observed at the interspecific level, can be used to infer similar size shifts within species. In this study, we compare warming effects on interspecific (relative species abundance) versus intraspecific (relative stage abundance) size structure of competing consumers by analyzing stage‐structured bioenergetic food web models consisting of one or two consumer species and two resources, parameterized for pelagic plankton. Varying composition and temperature and body size dependencies in these models, we predicted interspecific versus intraspecific size structure across temperature. We found that warming shifted community size structure toward dominance of smaller species, in line with empirical evidence summarized in our review of 136 literature studies. However, this result emerged only given a size–temperature interaction favoring small over large individuals in warm environments. In contrast, the same mechanism caused an intraspecific shift toward dominance of larger (adult) stages, reconciling disparate observations of size responses within and across zooplankton species in the literature. As the empirical evidence for warming‐driven stage shifts is scarce and equivocal, we call for more experimental studies on intraspecific size changes with warming. Understanding the global warming impacts on animal communities requires that we consider and quantify the relative importance of mechanisms concurrently shaping size distributions within and among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Uszko
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skolgatan 6, Öregrund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Huss
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skolgatan 6, Öregrund, Sweden
| | - Anna Gårdmark
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skolgatan 6, Öregrund, Sweden
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11
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Moreno HD, Köring M, Di Pane J, Tremblay N, Wiltshire KH, Boersma M, Meunier CL. An integrated multiple driver mesocosm experiment reveals the effect of global change on planktonic food web structure. Commun Biol 2022; 5:179. [PMID: 35233039 PMCID: PMC8888609 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Global change puts coastal marine systems under pressure, affecting community structure and functioning. Here, we conducted a mesocosm experiment with an integrated multiple driver design to assess the impact of future global change scenarios on plankton, a key component of marine food webs. The experimental treatments were based on the RCP 6.0 and 8.5 scenarios developed by the IPCC, which were Extended (ERCP) to integrate the future predicted changing nutrient inputs into coastal waters. We show that simultaneous influence of warming, acidification, and increased N:P ratios alter plankton dynamics, favours smaller phytoplankton species, benefits microzooplankton, and impairs mesozooplankton. We observed that future environmental conditions may lead to the rise of Emiliania huxleyi and demise of Noctiluca scintillans, key species for coastal planktonic food webs. In this study, we identified a tipping point between ERCP 6.0 and ERCP 8.5 scenarios, beyond which alterations of food web structure and dynamics are substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Duarte Moreno
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Ostkaje 1118, 27498, Helgoland, Germany.
| | - Martin Köring
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Ostkaje 1118, 27498, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Julien Di Pane
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Ostkaje 1118, 27498, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Nelly Tremblay
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Ostkaje 1118, 27498, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Karen H Wiltshire
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Ostkaje 1118, 27498, Helgoland, Germany
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Wattenmeerstation, Hafenstr. 43, 25992, List auf Sylt, Germany
| | - Maarten Boersma
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Ostkaje 1118, 27498, Helgoland, Germany
- University of Bremen, FB 2, Bibliothekstr. 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Cédric L Meunier
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Ostkaje 1118, 27498, Helgoland, Germany
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12
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Moffett ER, Fryxell DC, Lee F, Palkovacs EP, Simon KS. Consumer trait responses track change in resource supply along replicated thermal gradients. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20212144. [PMID: 34847762 PMCID: PMC8634111 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising temperatures may alter consumer diets through increased metabolic demand and altered resource availability. However, current theories assessing dietary shifts with warming do not account for a change in resource availability. It is unknown whether consumers will increase consumption rates or consume different resources to meet increased energy requirements and whether the dietary change will lead to associated variation in morphology and nutrient utilization. Here, we used populations of Gambusia affinis across parallel thermal gradients in New Zealand (NZ) and California (CA) to understand the influence of temperature on diets, morphology and stoichiometric phenotypes. Our results show that with increasing temperature in NZ, mosquitofish consumed more plant material, whereas in CA mosquitofish shifted towards increased consumption of invertebrate prey. In both regions, populations with plant-based diets had fuller guts, longer relative gut lengths, better-orientated mouths and reduced body elemental %C and N/P. Together, our results show multiple pathways by which consumers may alter their feeding patterns with rising temperatures, and they suggest that warming-induced changes to resource availability may be the principal determinant of which pathway is taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. R. Moffett
- School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D. C. Fryxell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - F. Lee
- School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E. P. Palkovacs
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - K. S. Simon
- School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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13
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Hardison EA, Kraskura K, Van Wert J, Nguyen T, Eliason EJ. Diet mediates thermal performance traits: implications for marine ectotherms. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:272691. [PMID: 34647599 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermal acclimation is a key process enabling ectotherms to cope with temperature change. To undergo a successful acclimation response, ectotherms require energy and nutritional building blocks obtained from their diet. However, diet is often overlooked as a factor that can alter acclimation responses. Using a temperate omnivorous fish, opaleye (Girella nigricans), as a model system, we tested the hypotheses that (1) diet can impact the magnitude of thermal acclimation responses and (2) traits vary in their sensitivity to both temperature acclimation and diet. We fed opaleye a simple omnivorous diet (ad libitum Artemia sp. and Ulva sp.) or a carnivorous diet (ad libitum Artemia sp.) at two ecologically relevant temperatures (12 and 20°C) and measured a suite of whole-animal (growth, sprint speed, metabolism), organ (cardiac thermal tolerance) and cellular-level traits (oxidative stress, glycolytic capacity). When opaleye were offered two diet options compared with one, they had reduced cardiovascular thermal performance and higher standard metabolic rate under conditions representative of the maximal seasonal temperature the population experiences (20°C). Further, sprint speed and absolute aerobic scope were insensitive to diet and temperature, while growth was highly sensitive to temperature but not diet, and standard metabolic rate and maximum heart rate were sensitive to both diet and temperature. Our results reveal that diet influences thermal performance in trait-specific ways, which could create diet trade-offs for generalist ectotherms living in thermally variable environments. Ectotherms that alter their diet may be able to regulate their performance at different environmental temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Hardison
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Krista Kraskura
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Jacey Van Wert
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Tina Nguyen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Erika J Eliason
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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14
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Short term fluctuating temperature alleviates Daphnia stoichiometric constraints. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12383. [PMID: 34117339 PMCID: PMC8196208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91959-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we analysed how short term temperature fluctuation interacts with nutrient limitation in the vertical migrating Daphnia commutata. We hypothesize that short term (daily) temperature fluctuation will alleviate nutrient limitation. We carried out experiments analysing growth rates, phosphorus and RNA content of D. commutate grown under four different temperature regimes and two P-limited conditions. Our experiments showed that individuals grown under fluctuating temperature grew more than at the mean temperature. We estimated the expected sizes for the 15 °C treatment based on the Q10 and for the fluctuating temperature treatment. These expected sizes for both treatments resulted well below the observed ones. The P and RNA content of individuals grown at 10 °C were significantly higher than those at 20 °C, and when individuals grown at 10 °C were translocated to 20 °C they exerted an increased growth rate. Our results suggest that, under a regime of diel vertical migration, the temperature alternation would allow migrating organisms to alleviate the effect of severe nutrient limitation maintaining population growth. Under a scenario of global warming, where epilimnetic temperatures will increase, lake temperature will interact with nutrient limitation for consumers, but, organisms may be able to face these changes if they can still regularly move from a cold hypolimnion to a warmer epilimnion.
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15
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Feddern ML, Holtgrieve GW, Ward EJ. Stable isotope signatures in historic harbor seal bone link food web-assimilated carbon and nitrogen resources to a century of environmental change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2328-2342. [PMID: 33749968 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change will impact nutrient cycles, primary production, and ecosystem structure in the world's oceans, although considerable uncertainty exists regarding the magnitude and spatial variability of these changes. Understanding how regional-scale ocean conditions control nutrient availability and ultimately nutrient assimilation into food webs will inform how marine resources will change in response to climate. To evaluate how ocean conditions influence the assimilation of nitrogen and carbon into coastal marine food webs, we applied a novel dimension reduction analysis to a century of newly acquired molecular isotope data derived from historic harbor seal bone specimens. By measuring bulk δ13 C and δ15 N values of source amino acids of these top predators from 1928 to 2014, we derive indices of primary production and nitrogen resources that are assimilated into food webs. We determined coastal food webs responded to climate regimes, coastal upwelling, and freshwater discharge, yet the strength of responses to individual drivers varied across the northeast Pacific. Indices of primary production and nitrogen availability in the Gulf of Alaska were dependent on regional climate indices (i.e., North Pacific Gyre Oscillation) and upwelling. In contrast, the coastal Washington and Salish Sea food webs were associated with local indices of freshwater discharge. For some regions (eastern Bering Sea, northern Gulf of Alaska) food web-assimilated production was coupled with nitrogen sources; however, other regions demonstrated no production-nitrogen coupling (Salish Sea). Temporal patterns of environmental indices and isotopic data from Washington state varied about the long-term mean with no directional trend. Data from the Gulf of Alaska, however, showed below average harbor seal δ13 C values and above average ocean conditions since 1975, indicating a change in primary production in recent decades. Altogether, these findings demonstrate stable isotope data can provide useful indices of nitrogen resources and phytoplankton dynamics specific to what is assimilated by food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Feddern
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gordon W Holtgrieve
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric J Ward
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA, USA
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16
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Leclerc JC, de Bettignies T, de Bettignies F, Christie H, Franco JN, Leroux C, Davoult D, Pedersen MF, Filbee-Dexter K, Wernberg T. Local flexibility in feeding behaviour and contrasting microhabitat use of an omnivore across latitudes. Oecologia 2021; 196:441-453. [PMID: 34009471 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04936-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
As the environment is getting warmer and species are redistributed, consumers can be forced to adjust their interactions with available prey, and this could have cascading effects within food webs. To better understand the capacity for foraging flexibility, our study aimed to determine the diet variability of an ectotherm omnivore inhabiting kelp forests, the sea urchin Echinus esculentus, along its entire latitudinal distribution in the northeast Atlantic. Using a combination of gut content and stable isotope analyses, we determined the diet and trophic position of sea urchins at sites in Portugal (42° N), France (49° N), southern Norway (63° N), and northern Norway (70° N), and related these results to the local abundance and distribution of putative food items. With mean estimated trophic levels ranging from 2.4 to 4.6, omnivory and diet varied substantially within and between sites but not across latitudes. Diet composition generally reflected prey availability within epiphyte or understorey assemblages, with local affinities demonstrating that the sea urchin adjusts its foraging to match the small-scale distribution of food items. A net "preference" for epiphytic food sources was found in northern Norway, where understorey food was limited compared to other regions. We conclude that diet change may occur in response to food source redistribution at multiple spatial scales (microhabitats, sites, regions). Across these scales, the way that key consumers alter their foraging in response to food availability can have important implication for food web dynamics and ecosystem functions along current and future environmental gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Charles Leclerc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France. .,Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Thibaut de Bettignies
- UMS Patrimoine Naturel (PATRINAT), AFB-CNRS-MNHN, CP41, 36 rue Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 75005, Paris, France.,School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 39 Fairway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Florian de Bettignies
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Hartvig Christie
- Marine Biology Section, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - João N Franco
- CIIMAR, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões. Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.,MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Cédric Leroux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR 2424, Station Biologique, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Dominique Davoult
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Morten F Pedersen
- Department for Science and Environment (DSE), Roskilde University, PO Box 260, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Karen Filbee-Dexter
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 39 Fairway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Benthic Communities Research Group, Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 39 Fairway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department for Science and Environment (DSE), Roskilde University, PO Box 260, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.,Benthic Communities Research Group, Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
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17
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Chakraborty A, Sgrò CM, Mirth CK. Does local adaptation along a latitudinal cline shape plastic responses to combined thermal and nutritional stress? Evolution 2021; 74:2073-2087. [PMID: 33616935 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Thermal and nutritional stress are commonly experienced by animals. This will become increasingly so with climate change. Whether populations can plastically respond to such changes will determine their survival. Plasticity can vary among populations depending on the extent of environmental heterogeneity. However, theory conflicts as to whether environmental heterogeneity should increase or decrease plasticity. Using three locally adapted populations of Drosophila melanogaster sampled from a latitudinal gradient, we investigated whether plastic responses to combinations of nutrition and temperature increase or decrease with latitude for four traits: egg-adult viability, egg-adult development time, and two body size traits. Employing nutritional geometry, we reared larvae on 25 diets varying in protein and carbohydrate content at two temperatures: 18 and 25°C. Plasticity varied among traits and across the three populations. Viability was highly canalized in all three populations. The tropical population showed the least plasticity for development time, the sub-tropical showed the highest plasticity for wing area, and the temperate population showed the highest plasticity for femur length. We found no evidence of latitudinal plasticity gradients in either direction. Our data highlight that differences in thermal variation and resource predictability experienced by populations along a latitudinal cline are not sufficient to predict their plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla M Sgrò
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Christen K Mirth
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
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18
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Effects of grazing on C:N:P stoichiometry attenuate from soils to plants and insect herbivores in a semi-arid grassland. Oecologia 2021; 195:785-795. [PMID: 33616723 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the processing of limiting nutrients among organisms is an important goal of community ecology. Less known is how human disturbances may alter the stoichiometric patterns among organisms from different trophic levels within communities. Here, we investigated how livestock grazing affects the C:N:P ecological stoichiometry of soils, plants (Leymus chinensis), and grasshoppers (Euchorthippus spp.) in a semi-arid grassland in northeastern China. We found that grazing significantly enhanced soil available N and leaf N content of the dominant L. chinensis grass by 15% and 20%, respectively. Grazing also reduced (soluble) C:N of L. chinensis leaves by 22%. However, grazing did not affect total C, N, or P contents nor their ratios in Euchorthippus grasshoppers. Our results reveal that the effects of grazing disturbances on elemental composition attenuated from lower to higher trophic levels. These findings support the theory that organisms from higher trophic levels have relatively stronger stoichiometric homeostasis compared to those from lower trophic levels. Moreover, grasshopper abundance dropped by 66% in the grazed areas, and they reduced the feeding time on their host L. chinensis grass by 43%, presumably to limit the intake of excess nitrogen from host plants. The energetic costs associated with the maintenance of elemental homeostasis likely reduced grasshopper individual performance and population abundance in the grazed areas. A comprehensive investigation of stoichiometric properties of organisms across trophic levels may enable a better understanding of the nature of species interactions, and facilitate predictions of the consequences of future environmental changes for a community organization.
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19
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Symanski C, Redak RA. Does fluctuating asymmetry of wing traits capture relative environmental stress in a lepidopteran? Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1199-1213. [PMID: 33598124 PMCID: PMC7863670 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is hypothesized to be a useful predictor of population canalization, especially for organisms at risk from environmental change.Identification of traits that meet statistical criteria as FA measures remains a challenge.Here, a laboratory experiment subjected immature butterflies (Vanessa cardui) to diet and temperature conditions of varying stress levels. Variation in dietary macronutrient ratio (protein: carbohydrate) and rearing temperature (optimal: 25°C; elevated: 32°C) was introduced as stressors. Temperature and nutrition are key variables influencing ectotherm growth and fitness and so are likely to be important stressors that influence FA.Individuals subjected to stressful conditions were predicted to show elevated FA of three wing size traits, as well as increased mortality and decreased adult body size.Trait FA did not vary across treatments. Instead, treatment levels impacted viability: The combined incidence of pupal death and expression of significant wing malformations increased in treatment levels designated as stressful. Variation in adult dry mass also reflected predicted stress levels. Results suggest that individuals predicted to display increased FA either died or displayed gross developmental aberrations.This experiment illustrates important constraints on the investigation of FA, including selection of appropriate traits and identification of appropriate levels of stressors to avoid elevated mortality. The latter concern brings into question the utility of FA as an indicator of stress in vulnerable, natural populations, where stress levels cannot be controlled, and mortality and fitness effects are often not quantifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Symanski
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of California at Riverside900 University AveRiversideCA92521USA
- Present address:
IrvineCAUSA
| | - Richard A. Redak
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of California at Riverside900 University AveRiversideCA92521USA
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20
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Borges FJA, Loyola R. Searching for synthetic mechanisms on how biological traits mediate species responses to climate change. BIOTA NEOTROPICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: Climate change will likely be the most significant challenge faced by species in this century, and species’ ability to cope with climate change depends on their life history and ecological and evolutionary traits. Understanding how these traits mediate species’ responses is beneficial for identifying more vulnerable species or prone to extinction risk. Here, we carried out a literature review describing how four traits commonly used in vulnerability assessments (i.e. clutch size, diet breadth, dispersal ability, and climatic tolerance) may determine species vulnerability. We also portray the possible mechanisms that explain how these traits govern species responses to climate change. The literature suggests different mechanisms operating for the evaluated traits. The mechanism of response to climate change differs between species inhabiting tropical and temperate regions: while species from the temperate areas may respond positively to temperature rise, tropical species may be severely affected. Since ectotherms depend on environment temperature, they are more sensitive and present different response mechanisms from endotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Loyola
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brasil; Fundação Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Brasil
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21
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Kim KE, Jang T, Lee KP. Combined effects of temperature and macronutrient balance on life-history traits in Drosophila melanogaster: implications for life-history trade-offs and fundamental niche. Oecologia 2020; 193:299-309. [PMID: 32418116 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Temperature and nutrition are amongst the most influential environmental determinants of Darwinian fitness in ectotherms. Since the ongoing climate warming is known to alter nutritional environments encountered by ectotherms, a precise understanding of the integrated effects of these two factors on ectotherm performance is essential for improving the accuracy of predictions regarding how ectotherms will respond to climate warming. Here we employed response surface methodology to examine how multiple life-history traits were expressed across a grid of environmental conditions representing full combinations of six ambient temperatures (13, 18, 23, 28, 31, 33 °C) and eight dietary protein:carbohydrate ratios (P:C = 1:16, 1:8, 1:4, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1) in Drosophila melanogaster. Different life-history traits were maximized in different regions in the two-dimensional temperature-nutrient space. The optimal temperature and P:C ratio identified for adult lifespan (13 °C and 1:16) were lower than those for early-life female fecundity (28 °C and 4:1). Similar divergence in thermal and nutritional optima was found between body mass at adult emergence (18 °C and P:C 1:1) and the rate of pre-adult development (28 °C and P:C 4:1). Pre-adult survival was maximized over a broad range of temperature (18-28 °C) and P:C ratio (1:8-8:1). These results indicate that the occurrence of life-history trade-offs is regulated by both temperature and dietary P:C ratio. The estimated measure of fitness was maximized at 23 °C and P:C 2:1. Based on the shape of the response surface constructed for this estimated fitness, we characterized the fundamental thermal and nutritional niche for D. melanogaster with unprecedented detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keonhee E Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehwan Jang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pum Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Zhang P, van Leeuwen CHA, Bogers D, Poelman M, Xu J, Bakker ES. Ectothermic omnivores increase herbivory in response to rising temperature. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Zhang
- Dept of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen the Netherlands
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Inst. of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan PR China
| | | | - Dagmar Bogers
- Dept of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Poelman
- Dept of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Jun Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Inst. of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan PR China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao PR China
| | - Elisabeth S. Bakker
- Dept of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Inst. of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW) Wageningen the Netherlands
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23
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Nelson D, Benstead JP, Huryn AD, Cross WF, Hood JM, Johnson PW, Junker JR, Gíslason GM, Ólafsson JS. Thermal niche diversity and trophic redundancy drive neutral effects of warming on energy flux through a stream food web. Ecology 2020; 101:e02952. [PMID: 31840236 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Climate warming is predicted to alter routing and flows of energy through food webs because of the critical and varied effects of temperature on physiological rates, community structure, and trophic dynamics. Few studies, however, have experimentally assessed the net effect of warming on energy flux and food web dynamics in natural intact communities. Here, we test how warming affects energy flux and the trophic basis of production in a natural invertebrate food web by experimentally heating a stream reach in southwest Iceland by ~4°C for 2 yr and comparing its response to an unheated reference stream. Previous results from this experiment showed that warming led to shifts in the structure of the invertebrate assemblage, with estimated increases in total metabolic demand but no change in annual secondary production. We hypothesized that elevated metabolic demand and invariant secondary production would combine to increase total consumption of organic matter in the food web, if diet composition did not change appreciably with warming. Dietary composition of primary consumers indeed varied little between streams and among years, with gut contents primarily consisting of diatoms (72.9%) and amorphous detritus (19.5%). Diatoms dominated the trophic basis of production of primary consumers in both study streams, contributing 79-86% to secondary production. Although warming increased the flux of filamentous algae within the food web, total resource consumption did not increase as predicted. The neutral net effect of warming on total energy flow through the food web was a result of taxon-level variation in responses to warming, a neutral effect on total invertebrate production, and strong trophic redundancy within the invertebrate assemblage. Thus, food webs characterized by a high degree of trophic redundancy may be more resistant to the effects of climate warming than those with more diverse and specialized consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35487, USA
| | - Jonathan P Benstead
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35487, USA
| | - Alexander D Huryn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35487, USA
| | - Wyatt F Cross
- Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, 59717, USA
| | - James M Hood
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43212, USA
| | - Philip W Johnson
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35487, USA
| | - James R Junker
- Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, 59717, USA
| | - Gísli M Gíslason
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Jón S Ólafsson
- Marine and Freshwater Research Institute, Reykjavík, Iceland
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24
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Bestion E, Soriano-Redondo A, Cucherousset J, Jacob S, White J, Zinger L, Fourtune L, Di Gesu L, Teyssier A, Cote J. Altered trophic interactions in warming climates: consequences for predator diet breadth and fitness. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20192227. [PMID: 31662087 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Species interactions are central in predicting the impairment of biodiversity with climate change. Trophic interactions may be altered through climate-dependent changes in either predator food preferences or prey communities. Yet, climate change impacts on predator diet remain surprisingly poorly understood. We experimentally studied the consequences of 2°C warmer climatic conditions on the trophic niche of a generalist lizard predator. We used a system of semi-natural mesocosms housing a variety of invertebrate species and in which climatic conditions were manipulated. Lizards in warmer climatic conditions ate at a greater predatory to phytophagous invertebrate ratio and had smaller individual dietary breadths. These shifts mainly arose from direct impacts of climate on lizard diets rather than from changes in prey communities. Dietary changes were associated with negative changes in fitness-related traits (body condition, gut microbiota) and survival. We demonstrate that climate change alters trophic interactions through top-predator dietary shifts, which might disrupt eco-evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvire Bestion
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, UMR 5321, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, 09200 Moulis, France.,Environmental and Sustainability Institute, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Andrea Soriano-Redondo
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, ENSFEA, IRD; UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Staffan Jacob
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, UMR 5321, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Joël White
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, ENSFEA, IRD; UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Zinger
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure, École Normale Superieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lisa Fourtune
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, UMR 5321, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, 09200 Moulis, France
| | - Lucie Di Gesu
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, ENSFEA, IRD; UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Aimeric Teyssier
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, ENSFEA, IRD; UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France.,Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julien Cote
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, ENSFEA, IRD; UMR5174, Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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25
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Nutritional stress by means of high C:N ratios in the diet and starvation affects nitrogen isotope ratios and trophic fractionation of omnivorous copepods. Oecologia 2019; 190:547-557. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Moody EK, Lujan NK, Roach KA, Winemiller KO. Threshold elemental ratios and the temperature dependence of herbivory in fishes. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric K. Moody
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames Iowa
| | - Nathan K. Lujan
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Katherine A. Roach
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Program of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Texas A&M University College Station Texas
| | - Kirk O. Winemiller
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences Program of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Texas A&M University College Station Texas
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27
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Gusha MNC, Dalu T, Wasserman RJ, McQuaid CD. Zooplankton grazing pressure is insufficient for primary producer control under elevated warming and nutrient levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:410-418. [PMID: 30240923 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Within a given ecosystem, species persistence is driven by responses to the effects of biotic and abiotic stressors. Ongoing climatic shifts and increased pollution pressure have created the need to assess potential effects and interactions of physical and biotic factors on coastal ecosystem processes to project ecosystem resilience and persistence. In coastal marine environments, primary production dynamics are driven by the interaction between bottom-up abiotic effects and biotic effects induced by top-down trophic control. Given the many environmental and climatic changes observed throughout coastal regions, we assessed the effects of interactions among temperature, nutrients and grazing in a laboratory-based microcosm experiment. We did this by comparing chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations at two temperatures in combination with four nutrient regimes. To test for subsequent cascading effects on higher trophic levels, we also measured grazing and growth rates of the calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus hessei. We observed different phytoplankton and zooplankton responses to temperature (17 °C, 24 °C) and nutrients (nitrogen only (N), phosphates only (P), nitrogen and phosphates combined (NP), no nutrient additions (C)). Contributions of predictors to model fit in the boosted regression trees model were phosphates (42.7%), copepods (23.8%), nitrates (17.5%) and temperature (15.9%), suggesting phosphates were an important driver for the high chl-a concentrations observed. There was an increase in total phytoplankton biomass across both temperatures, while nutrient addition affected the phytoplankton size structure prior to grazing irrespective of temperature. Phytoplankton biomass was highest in the NP treatment followed by the N treatment. However, the phytoplankton size structure differed between temperatures, with microphytoplankton being dominant at 24 °C, while nanophytoplankton dominated at 17 °C. The P and C treatments exhibited the lowest phytoplankton biomass. Copepod abundances and growth rates were higher at 17 °C than at 24 °C. This study highlights that bottom-up positive effects in one trophic level do not always positively cascade into another trophic level. It was, however, evident that temperature was a limiting factor for plankton abundance, productivity and size structure only when nutrients were limiting, with top-down pressure exhibiting minimal effects on the phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molline N C Gusha
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Tatenda Dalu
- Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa.
| | - Ryan J Wasserman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Christopher D McQuaid
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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Hu S, Liu S, Wang L, Li T, Huang H. Feeding response of the tropical copepod Acartia erythraea to short-term thermal stress: more animal-derived food was consumed. PeerJ 2018; 6:e6129. [PMID: 30588408 PMCID: PMC6304158 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the feeding response of tropical copepods to short-term thermal shock and provide insight into the potential impact of coastal power plants on the trophic dynamics of tropical coastal ecosystems. Feeding experiments were conducted at three different temperatures (29 °C, 33 °C, and 35 °C) using the copepod Acartia erythraea, collected from Sanya Bay, China. The grazing rate of A. erythraea decreased dramatically in the high temperature treatment. Analysis of 18S rDNA clone libraries revealed that the diet of copepods from different treatments was mainly comprised of diatoms, metazoans, and protozoans; A. erythraea exhibited an obvious feeding preference shift with temperature, with a change from a diatom-dominated diet at 29 °C to a metazoan-dominated diet at 35 °C, and the omnivory index shifted from 0.1 to 2.84 correspondingly. Furthermore, A. erythraea showed a positive feeding response to plant food (i.e., phytoplankton and land plants) in the control treatment (29 °C), but a positive response to animal prey (i.e., metazoans and protozoans) at temperatures exceeding 33 °C, as evaluated by the Ivlev’s selectivity index. Our results suggest that copepods could regulate their food intake by considering their energy demands when exposed to short-term thermal stress, which might influence the pathway of materials moving up the trophic system. However, further studies are required to elucidate the effects of elevated temperature on feeding of different organisms in order to predict the influence of thermal pollution on the food web of tropical coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
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Ruiz T, Bec A, Danger M, Koussoroplis AM, Aguer JP, Morel JP, Morel-Desrosiers N. A microcalorimetric approach for investigating stoichiometric constraints on the standard metabolic rate of a small invertebrate. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1714-1722. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ruiz
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS; LMGE; Clermont-Ferrand F-63000 France
| | - Alexandre Bec
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS; LMGE; Clermont-Ferrand F-63000 France
| | | | | | - Jean-Pierre Aguer
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS; LMGE; Clermont-Ferrand F-63000 France
| | - Jean-Pierre Morel
- Université Clermont Auvergne; CNRS; LMGE; Clermont-Ferrand F-63000 France
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30
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Flynn KJ, Mitra A, Bode A. Toward a mechanistic understanding of trophic structure: inferences from simulating stable isotope ratios. MARINE BIOLOGY 2018; 165:147. [PMID: 30220737 PMCID: PMC6132504 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-018-3405-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotope ratios (SIR) are widely used to estimate food-web trophic levels (TLs). We built systems dynamic N-biomass-based models of different levels of complexity, containing explicit descriptions of isotope fractionation and of trophic level. The values of δ15N and TLs, as independent and emergent properties, were used to test the potential for the SIR of nutrients, primary producers, consumers, and detritus to align with food-web TLs. Our analysis shows that there is no universal relationship between TL and δ15N that permits a robust prognostic tool for configuration of food webs even if all system components can be reliably analysed. The predictive capability is confounded by prior dietary preference, intra-guild predation and recycling of biomass through detritus. These matters affect the dynamics of both the TLs and SIR. While SIR data alone have poor explanatory power, they would be valuable for validating the construction and functioning of dynamic models. This requires construction of coupled system dynamic models that describe bulk elemental distribution with an explicit description of isotope discriminations within and amongst functional groups and nutrient pools, as used here. Only adequately configured models would be able to explain both the bulk elemental distributions and the SIR data. Such an approach would provide a powerful test of the whole model, integrating changing abiotic and biotic events across time and space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Flynn
- Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
| | - Aditee Mitra
- Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
| | - Antonio Bode
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de A Coruña, Apdo. 130, 15080 A Coruña, Spain
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31
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Mathews L, Faithfull CL, Lenz PH, Nelson CE. The effects of food stoichiometry and temperature on copepods are mediated by ontogeny. Oecologia 2018; 188:75-84. [PMID: 29948318 PMCID: PMC6096765 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is warming the oceans, increasing carbon dioxide partial pressure and reducing nutrient recycling from deep layers. This will affect carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) availability in the oceans, thus, altering the balance between the nutrient content of consumers and their food resource. The combined effects of food quality and temperature have been investigated for adult copepods; however, nauplii, the early developmental stages of copepods, often far outnumber adults, grow more rapidly and have a higher phosphorus body content and demand than later life stages. Consequently, ontogeny may affect how copepods respond to the combined stressors of increasing temperature and altered food stoichiometry. We conducted temperature-controlled experiments (24, 28 and 32 °C) where Parvocalanus crassirostris was fed either a P-replete or a P-limited phytoplankton food source. Reduced survival of nauplii and copepodites at the highest temperature was ameliorated when fed P-replete food. At higher temperatures, copepodite growth remained stable, but internal C:P stoichiometry diverged in the direction of phytoplankton C:P, suggesting that increased temperature affected copepodite stoichiometric homeostasis. In contrast, naupliar P content increased with temperature and naupliar growth was P limited, suggesting nauplii required additional phosphorus at higher temperatures. We conclude that resource stoichiometry plays a key role in how copepod survival and growth are impacted by temperature, and that ontogeny mediates these responses. Our results suggest that as the extent of warming oceans and phytoplankton nutrient limitation increase, copepod survival and the growth of early life stages may decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Mathews
- Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, Department of Oceanography and Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Carolyn L Faithfull
- Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, Department of Oceanography and Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA.
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- Gävleborg County Administrative Board, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Petra H Lenz
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Craig E Nelson
- Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, Department of Oceanography and Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
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Guo S, Hou R, Garber PA, Raubenheimer D, Righini N, Ji W, Jay O, He S, Wu F, Li F, Li B. Nutrient‐specific compensation for seasonal cold stress in a free‐ranging temperate colobine monkey. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song‐Tao Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationNorthwest University Xi’an China
| | - Rong Hou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationNorthwest University Xi’an China
| | - Paul A. Garber
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois
| | - David Raubenheimer
- The Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Nicoletta Righini
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois
- Laboratorio de Ecología FuncionalInstituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES‐UNAM) Morelia Michoacan Mexico
| | - Wei‐Hong Ji
- Human and Wildlife Interactions Research GroupInstitute of Natural Mathematical SciencesMassey University Albany, Auckland New Zealand
| | - Ollie Jay
- The Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Shu‐Jun He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationNorthwest University Xi’an China
| | - Fan Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationNorthwest University Xi’an China
| | - Fang‐Fang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationNorthwest University Xi’an China
| | - Bao‐Guo Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal ConservationNorthwest University Xi’an China
- Xi’an Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China
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33
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Temperature effects on a marine herbivore depend strongly on diet across multiple generations. Oecologia 2018; 187:483-494. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Burian A, Grosse J, Winder M, Boschker HTS. Nutrient deficiencies and the restriction of compensatory mechanisms in copepods. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Burian
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant SciencesStockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Environmental Sustainability Research CentreUniversity of Derby Derby UK
| | - Julia Grosse
- Department of Marine Microbiology and BiogeochemistryRoyal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchUtrecht University Den Burg The Netherlands
| | - Monika Winder
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant SciencesStockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Henricus T. S. Boschker
- Department of Marine Microbiology and BiogeochemistryRoyal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchUtrecht University Den Burg The Netherlands
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35
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Anderson TR, Hessen DO, Boersma M, Urabe J, Mayor DJ. Will Invertebrates Require Increasingly Carbon-Rich Food in a Warming World? Am Nat 2017; 190:725-742. [PMID: 29166161 DOI: 10.1086/694122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Elevated temperature causes metabolism and respiration to increase in poikilothermic organisms. We hypothesized that invertebrate consumers will therefore require increasingly carbon-rich diets in a warming environment because the increased energetic demands are primarily met using compounds rich in carbon, that is, carbohydrates and lipids. Here, we test this hypothesis using a new stoichiometric model that has carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as currencies. Model predictions did not support the hypothesis, indicating instead that the nutritional requirements of invertebrates, at least in terms of food quality expressed as C∶N ratio, may change little, if at all, at elevated temperature. Two factors contribute to this conclusion. First, invertebrates facing limitation by nutrient elements such as N have, by default, excess C in their food that can be used to meet the increased demand for energy in a warming environment, without recourse to extra dietary C. Second, increased feeding at elevated temperature compensates for the extra demands of metabolism to the extent that, when metabolism and intake scale equally with temperature (have the same Q10), the relative requirement for dietary C and N remains unaltered. Our analysis demonstrates that future climate-driven increases in the C∶N ratios of autotroph biomass will likely exacerbate the stoichiometric mismatch between nutrient-limited invertebrate grazers and their food, with important consequences for C sequestration and nutrient cycling in ecosystems.
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36
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Hall LE, Chalfoun AD. What to eat in a warming world: do increased temperatures necessitate hazardous duty pay? Oecologia 2017; 186:73-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-017-3993-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Rho MS, Lee KP. Temperature-driven plasticity in nutrient use and preference in an ectotherm. Oecologia 2017; 185:401-413. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-017-3959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Can heat waves change the trophic role of the world's most invasive crayfish? Diet shifts in Procambarus clarkii. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183108. [PMID: 28873401 PMCID: PMC5584761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Mediterranean basin, the globally increasing temperatures are expected to be accompanied by longer heat waves. Commonly assumed to benefit cold-limited invasive alien species, these climatic changes may also change their feeding preferences, especially in the case of omnivorous ectotherms. We investigated heat wave effects on diet choice, growth and energy reserves in the invasive red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. In laboratory experiments, we fed juvenile and adult crayfish on animal, plant or mixed diets and exposed them to a short or a long heat wave. We then measured crayfish survival, growth, body reserves and Fulton’s condition index. Diet choices of the crayfish maintained on the mixed diet were estimated using stable isotopes (13C and 15N). The results suggest a decreased efficiency of carnivorous diets at higher temperatures, as juveniles fed on the animal diet were unable to maintain high growth rates in the long heat wave; and a decreased efficiency of herbivorous diets at lower temperatures, as juveniles in the cold accumulated less body reserves when fed on the plant diet. Heat wave treatments increased the assimilation of plant material, especially in juveniles, allowing them to sustain high growth rates in the long heat wave. Contrary to our expectations, crayfish performance decreased in the long heat wave, suggesting that Mediterranean summer heat waves may have negative effects on P. clarkii and that they are unlikely to boost its populations in this region. Although uncertain, it is possible that the greater assimilation of the plant diet resulted from changes in crayfish feeding preferences, raising the hypotheses that i) heat waves may change the predominant impacts of this keystone species and ii) that by altering species’ trophic niches, climate change may alter the main impacts of invasive alien species.
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39
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Meunier CL, Liess A, Andersson A, Brugel S, Paczkowska J, Rahman H, Skoglund B, Rowe OF. Allochthonous carbon is a major driver of the microbial food web - A mesocosm study simulating elevated terrestrial matter runoff. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017. [PMID: 28645656 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Climate change predictions indicate that coastal and estuarine environments will receive increased terrestrial runoff via increased river discharge. This discharge transports allochthonous material, containing bioavailable nutrients and light attenuating matter. Since light and nutrients are important drivers of basal production, their relative and absolute availability have important consequences for the base of the aquatic food web, with potential ramifications for higher trophic levels. Here, we investigated the effects of shifts in terrestrial organic matter and light availability on basal producers and their grazers. In twelve Baltic Sea mesocosms, we simulated the effects of increased river runoff alone and in combination. We manipulated light (clear/shade) and carbon (added/not added) in a fully factorial design, with three replicates. We assessed microzooplankton grazing preferences in each treatment to assess whether increased terrestrial organic matter input would: (1) decrease the phytoplankton to bacterial biomass ratio, (2) shift microzooplankton diet from phytoplankton to bacteria, and (3) affect microzooplankton biomass. We found that carbon addition, but not reduced light levels per se resulted in lower phytoplankton to bacteria biomass ratios. Microzooplankton generally showed a strong feeding preference for phytoplankton over bacteria, but, in carbon-amended mesocosms which favored bacteria, microzooplankton shifted their diet towards bacteria. Furthermore, low total prey availability corresponded with low microzooplankton biomass and the highest bacteria/phytoplankton ratio. Overall our results suggest that in shallow coastal waters, modified with allochthonous matter from river discharge, light attenuation may be inconsequential for the basal producer balance, whereas increased allochthonous carbon, especially if readily bioavailable, favors bacteria over phytoplankton. We conclude that climate change induced shifts at the base of the food web may alter energy mobilization to and the biomass of microzooplankton grazers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric L Meunier
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Antonia Liess
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Science, School of Business, Science and Engineering, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Agneta Andersson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Norrbyn, 905 71, Hörnefors, Sweden
| | - Sonia Brugel
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Norrbyn, 905 71, Hörnefors, Sweden
| | - Joanna Paczkowska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Norrbyn, 905 71, Hörnefors, Sweden
| | - Habib Rahman
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bjorn Skoglund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Owen F Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Norrbyn, 905 71, Hörnefors, Sweden
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Jesus TF, Moreno JM, Repolho T, Athanasiadis A, Rosa R, Almeida-Val VMF, Coelho MM. Protein analysis and gene expression indicate differential vulnerability of Iberian fish species under a climate change scenario. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181325. [PMID: 28719655 PMCID: PMC5515415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on the biological responses of freshwater fish under projected scenarios of climate change remains limited. Here, we examine differences in the protein configuration of two endemic Iberian freshwater fish species, Squalius carolitertii and the critically endangered S. torgalensis that inhabit in the Atlantic-type northern and in the Mediterranean-type southwestern regions, respectively. We performed protein structure modeling of fourteen genes linked to protein folding, energy metabolism, circadian rhythms and immune responses. Structural differences in proteins between the two species were found for HSC70, FKBP52, HIF1α and GPB1. For S. torgalensis, besides structural differences, we found higher thermostability for two proteins (HSP90 and GBP1), which can be advantageous in a warmer environment. Additionally, we investigated how these species might respond to projected scenarios of 3° climate change warming, acidification (ΔpH = -0.4), and their combined effects. Significant changes in gene expression were observed in response to all treatments, particularly under the combined warming and acidification. While S. carolitertii presented changes in gene expression for multiple proteins related to folding (hsp90aa1, hsc70, fkbp4 and stip1), only one such gene was altered in S. torgalensis (stip1). However, S. torgalensis showed a greater capacity for energy production under both the acidification and combined scenarios by increasing cs gene expression and maintaining ldha gene expression in muscle. Overall, these findings suggest that S. torgalensis is better prepared to cope with projected climate change. Worryingly, under the simulated scenarios, disturbances to circadian rhythm and immune system genes (cry1aa, per1a and gbp1) raise concerns for the persistence of both species, highlighting the need to consider multi-stressor effects when evaluating climate change impacts upon fish. This work also highlights that assessments of the potential of endangered freshwater species to cope with environmental change are crucial to help decision-makers adopt future conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Jesus
- Centro de Ecologia Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - João M. Moreno
- Centro de Ecologia Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Repolho
- Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, MARE—Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, Cascais, Portugal
| | | | - Rui Rosa
- Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, MARE—Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Vera M. F. Almeida-Val
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Evolução Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - Maria M. Coelho
- Centro de Ecologia Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M Carreira
- cE3c Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Bloco C2, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.,Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Distribution of Herbivorous Fish Is Frozen by Low Temperature. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39600. [PMID: 28004804 PMCID: PMC5177937 DOI: 10.1038/srep39600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of herbivores in populations of ectothermic vertebrates decreases with increasing latitude. At higher latitudes, fish consuming plant matter are exclusively omnivorous. We assess whether omnivorous fish readily shift to herbivory or whether animal prey is typically preferred. We address temperature as the key factor causing their absence at higher latitudes and discuss the potential poleward dispersion caused by climate changes. A controlled experiment illustrates that rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) readily utilize plant matter at water temperatures above 20 °C and avoid its consumption below 20 °C. Field data support these results, showing that plant matter dominates rudd diets during the summer and is absent during the spring. Utilizing cellulose requires the enzyme cellulase, which is produced by microorganisms growing at temperatures of 15-42 °C. Water temperatures at higher latitudes do not reach 15 °C year-round; at our latitude of 50°N~150 days/year. Hence, the species richness of omnivorous fish decreases dramatically above 55° latitude. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that strict herbivorous specialists have developed only in the tropics. Temperatures below 15 °C, even for a short time period, inactivate cellulase and cause diet limitations for omnivorous fish. However, we may expect increases in herbivory at higher latitudes caused by climate change.
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Casey MM, Fall LM, Dietl GP. You Are What You Eat: Stable Isotopic Evidence Indicates That the Naticid Gastropod Neverita duplicata Is an Omnivore. Front Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2016.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Carreira BM, Segurado P, Orizaola G, Gonçalves N, Pinto V, Laurila A, Rebelo R. Warm vegetarians? Heat waves and diet shifts in tadpoles. Ecology 2016; 97:2964-2974. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. M. Carreira
- cE3c Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa; Bloco C2, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen 18D S-75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - P. Segurado
- Centro de Estudos Florestais; Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa; 1349-017 Lisboa Portugal
| | - G. Orizaola
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen 18D S-75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - N. Gonçalves
- cE3c Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa; Bloco C2, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal
| | - V. Pinto
- cE3c Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa; Bloco C2, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal
| | - A. Laurila
- Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics; Uppsala University; Norbyvägen 18D S-75236 Uppsala Sweden
| | - R. Rebelo
- cE3c Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes; Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa; Bloco C2, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal
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Bakker ES, Wood KA, Pagès JF, Veen G(C, Christianen MJ, Santamaría L, Nolet BA, Hilt S. Herbivory on freshwater and marine macrophytes: A review and perspective. AQUATIC BOTANY 2016. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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Rosenblatt AE, Schmitz OJ. Climate Change, Nutrition, and Bottom-Up and Top-Down Food Web Processes. Trends Ecol Evol 2016; 31:965-975. [PMID: 27726943 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Climate change ecology has focused on climate effects on trophic interactions through the lenses of temperature effects on organismal physiology and phenological asynchronies. Trophic interactions are also affected by the nutrient content of resources, but this topic has received less attention. Using concepts from nutritional ecology, we propose a conceptual framework for understanding how climate affects food webs through top-down and bottom-up processes impacted by co-occurring environmental drivers. The framework integrates climate effects on consumer physiology and feeding behavior with effects on resource nutrient content. It illustrates how studying responses of simplified food webs to simplified climate change might produce erroneous predictions. We encourage greater integrative complexity of climate change research on trophic interactions to resolve patterns and enhance predictive capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Rosenblatt
- Yale University, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 370 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
| | - Oswald J Schmitz
- Yale University, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 370 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511 USA
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Winder M, Burian A, Landry MR, Montagnes DJ, Nielsen JM. Technical comment on Boersma et al. (2016) Temperature driven changes in the diet preference of omnivorous copepods: no more meat when it's hot? Ecology Letters, 19, 45-53. Ecol Lett 2016; 19:1389-1391. [PMID: 27634214 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A recent study concluded that omnivorous plankton will shift from predatory to herbivorous feeding with climate warming, as consumers require increased carbon:phosphorous in their food. Although this is an appealing hypothesis, we suggest the conclusion is unfounded, based on the data presented, which seem in places questionable and poorly interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Winder
- Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Alfred Burian
- Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael R Landry
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0227, USA
| | - David Js Montagnes
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Jens M Nielsen
- Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
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Boersma M, Mathew KA, Niehoff B, Schoo KL, Franco-Santos RM, Meunier CL. Temperature-driven changes in the diet preference of omnivorous copepods: no more meat when it's hot? A response to Winder et al. Ecol Lett 2016; 19:1386-1388. [PMID: 27611847 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The study of environmental impact on feeding preferences of omnivores is a rapidly growing field. Here, we show that the criticism put forward in a comment on our original study is largely unfounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Boersma
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany. .,FB2, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - K Avarachen Mathew
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Barbara Niehoff
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Katherina L Schoo
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Rita M Franco-Santos
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Cédric L Meunier
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Postfach 180, 27483, Helgoland, Germany
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Sperfeld E, Halvorson HM, Malishev M, Clissold FJ, Wagner ND. Woodstoich III: Integrating tools of nutritional geometry and ecological stoichiometry to advance nutrient budgeting and the prediction of consumer‐driven nutrient recycling. OIKOS 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Sperfeld
- Leibniz‐Inst. of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Dept Experimental Limnology Alte Fischerhütte 2 OT Neuglobsow DE‐16775 Stechlin Germany
- School of Biological Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | | | - Matthew Malishev
- Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis (CEBRA), School of BioSciences Univ. of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Fiona J. Clissold
- Clissold, School of Biological Sciences and The Charles Perkins Centre The Univ. of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Nicole D. Wagner
- Environmental and Life Science Graduate Program Trent University, Peterborough ON Canada
- Environmental NMR Centre and Dept of Physical and Environmental Sciences Univ. of Toronto Scarborough ON Canada
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