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Excessive folic acid supplementation in pregnant mice impairs insulin secretion and induces the expression of genes associated with fatty liver in their offspring. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03597. [PMID: 32322701 PMCID: PMC7170958 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous human and animal studies have shown that excessive maternal intake of folic acid (FA) predisposes to impaired glucose tolerance in the offspring. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether excessive supplementation with FA during pregnancy affects the glucose tolerance of mouse offspring. Research methods & procedures Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were fed AIN93G diet containing either 2 mg [control group (CN)] or 40 mg [high FA group (HFA)] FA/kg diet throughout their pregnancies. On postnatal days (PD)22 and 50, fasting blood glucose was measured in the offspring of both groups, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on PD50. On PD53, tissues were collected, and the tissue masses, area of insulin expression in the pancreas, liver triglyceride content, and gene expression were determined. Results The blood glucose concentrations at 60 and 120 min of the OGTT were higher in female HFA than CN offspring. The serum fasting and non-fasting insulin concentrations and the area of insulin expression in the pancreas were lower in HFA than CN offspring. The liver triglyceride content was higher in female, and tended to be higher in male (P < 0.05), HFA offspring than CN offspring (P < 0.05). The liver mRNA expression of fat synthesis genes, such as Pparγ2 (male and female) and Cidec (male), was higher in HFA than CN offspring (P < 0.05). Conclusion Excessive maternal supplementation of FA in mice leads to lower insulin synthesis and an impairment in hepatic fat metabolism in the offspring.
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Herrera-Marcos LV, Sancho-Knapik S, Gabás-Rivera C, Barranquero C, Gascón S, Romanos E, Martínez-Beamonte R, Navarro MA, Surra JC, Arnal C, García-de-Jalón JA, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Tena-Sempere M, Sánchez-Ramos C, Monsalve M, Osada J. Pgc1a is responsible for the sex differences in hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β mRNA expression in hepatic steatosis of mice fed a Western diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E249-E261. [PMID: 31846369 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00199.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fat-specific protein 27 [cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation effector protein C (Cidec)/Fsp27] mRNA levels have been associated with hepatic lipid droplet extent under certain circumstances. To address its hepatic expression under different dietary conditions and in both sexes, apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-deficient mice were subjected to different experimental conditions for 11 wk to test the influence of cholesterol, Western diet, squalene, oleanolic acid, sex, and surgical castration on Cidec/Fsp27 mRNA expression. Dietary cholesterol increased hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression, an effect that was suppressed when cholesterol was combined with saturated fat as represented by Western diet feeding. Using the latter diet, neither oleanolic acid nor squalene modified its expression. Females showed lower levels of hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression than males when they were fed Western diets, a result that was translated into a lesser amount of CIDEC/FSP27 protein in lipid droplets and microsomes. This was also confirmed in low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-deficient mice. Incubation with estradiol resulted in decreased Cidec/Fsp27β expression in AML12 cells. Whereas male surgical castration did not modify the expression, ovariectomized females did show increased levels compared with control females. Females also showed increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (Pgc1a), suppressed by ovariectomy, and the values were significantly and inversely associated with those of Cidec/Fsp27β. When Pgc1a-deficient mice were used, the sex differences in Cidec/Fsp27β expression disappeared. Therefore, hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression has a complex regulation influenced by diet and sex hormonal milieu. The mRNA sex differences are controlled by Pgc1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis V Herrera-Marcos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Sancho-Knapik
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Clara Gabás-Rivera
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Barranquero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Gascón
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Romanos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Martínez-Beamonte
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Navarro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín C Surra
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Arnal
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A García-de-Jalón
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María J Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba e Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Brimas G, Skaudzius R, Brimiene V, Vaitkus R, Kareiva A. Microstructural features of lyophilized adipose - A new concept to estimate the metabolic symptoms for obese patients. Med Hypotheses 2019; 136:109526. [PMID: 31855681 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of different morphological features in different layers of lyophilized adipose tissue. In this work the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was adopted for investigation of lyophilized adipose tissue taken from obese patients. The adipose tissue was taken from subcutaneous (SAT), preperitoneal (PAT) and visceral (VAT) layers of adipose tissue. The obtained results of the main microstructural features provided information about morphological features of subcutaneous, preperitoneal and visceral layers in obese people. The obtained SEM results possibly could be used for the estimation of metabolic symptoms and prediction different diseases. The SEM method was never used before to investigate morphology of SAT, PAT and VAT layers of lyophilized human adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintautas Brimas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Vilnius University, Siltnamiu 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Skaudzius
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Brimiene
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Abdominal Surgery, Vilnius University, Santariskiu 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Vaitkus
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aivaras Kareiva
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Zhang L, Qi Y, ALuo Z, Liu S, Zhang Z, Zhou L. Betaine increases mitochondrial content and improves hepatic lipid metabolism. Food Funct 2019; 10:216-223. [PMID: 30534761 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The liver plays a critical role in lipid metabolism. Hepatic dysfunction is not only the direct cause of fatty liver disease, but the main risk factor for obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases. So far, therapeutic strategies against fatty liver disease are very limited. Betaine is a methyl donor. Current studies reported that the intake of betaine decreases body fat and is beneficial for treatment of fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, to investigate the role of betaine on hepatic lipid metabolism and explore the underlying mechanism, HepG2 cells were cultured with fatty acids and betaine. The data indicated that betaine inhibited hepatic fat accumulation and promoted mitochondrial content and activity, suggesting that betaine is involved in the regulation of lipid and energy metabolism. Gene expression analysis implied that betaine inhibits fatty acid synthesis, but stimulates fatty acid oxidation and lipid secretion. Further, to study the mechanism of betaine, FTO (RNA demethylase) and its mutant (loss of demethylase activity) were used. The results showed that FTO blocked the ability of betaine to regulate lipid metabolism and mitochondrial content, but the FTO mutant had no effect, suggesting that betaine influences RNA methylation. This work links betaine administration with mitochondrial activity and RNA methylation, and provides a potential target for the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, P.R. China.
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Li Y, Kang H, Chu Y, Jin Y, Zhang L, Yang R, Zhang Z, Zhao S, Zhou L. Cidec differentially regulates lipid deposition and secretion through two tissue-specific isoforms. Gene 2017; 641:265-271. [PMID: 29080839 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism has important roles in animal growth, development, and reproduction. As a regulator of lipid metabolism, CIDEc promotes unilocular development of lipid droplets and stimulates intracellular lipid deposition, and has two isoforms, CIDEc-l and CIDEc-s. CIDEc-l has ten more N-terminal amino acids than CIDEc-s. However, the functions of two isoforms are largely unknown. In this study, the expression profiles of two isoforms in Bama pigs differed, with cidec-l dominant in the liver and small intestine, and cidec-s dominant in muscle and adipose tissue. Fasting and consuming a high-fat diet resulted in changes in the expression of the two isoforms that were closely related to changes in blood and muscle triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Comparison of gene expression and TG concentration suggested that CIDEc-l accelerated lipid secretion and that CIDEc-s promoted lipid deposition, implying that the two isoforms had different functions. Study In vitro confirmed that CIDEc-s stimulated lipid deposition in C2C12 muscle cells and CIDEc-l promoted lipid secretion in HepG2 liver cells. The results showed that two tissue-specific CIDEc isoforms had different roles in lipid deposition and secretion. They may be potential targets for regulation of fat content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Huifang Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yi Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yi Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Ranran Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhiwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China.
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