1
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Chawla R, Fang Z. Hemp macromolecules: Crafting sustainable solutions for food and packaging innovation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132823. [PMID: 38852732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Industrial hemp has gained increasing interests for its applications in multifaceted areas, including foods, pharmaceuticals and reinforcing materials. The high protein content of hempseeds, presence of essential fatty acids and balanced ratio of omega 6:3 fatty acids, makes hemp an ideal source of choice amongst nutritionists and food product developers. The use of hemp has also been advocated in lowering the risks of certain medical conditions. The antimicrobial and antioxidant feature of oil expands its potential in innovative packaging solutions in the form of coatings or films for shelf-life extension. Fiber from hemp hulls, herd or stalks encourages it as a reinforcement material with eco-friendly attributes. This review explores the applications of hemp in novel product development, with the highlights of its nutritional benefits and antimicrobial efficacy in food and packaging sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Chawla
- Department of Dairy Technology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Žugić A, Martinović M, Tadić V, Rajković M, Racić G, Nešić I, Koren A. Comprehensive Insight into Cutaneous Application of Hemp. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:748. [PMID: 38931870 PMCID: PMC11207338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Known for its natural bio-compounds and therapeutic properties, hemp is being utilized in the development of skin products. These products offer a wide range of applications and benefits in the fields of natural bio-compounds, pharmaceutical technology, topical delivery systems, and cosmeceuticals. This manuscript deals with hemp actives, such as cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, and their diverse biological properties relative to topical application, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects. Also, the paper reviews strategies to overcome poor penetration of hemp actives, as well as the integration of hemp actives in cosmeceuticals that provide natural and sustainable alternatives to traditional skincare products offering a range of benefits, including anti-aging, moisturizing, and soothing properties. The review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the development and manufacturing processes of skin products containing hemp actives. By delving into the science behind hemp-based products, the paper provides valuable insights into the potential of hemp as a versatile ingredient in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The utilization of hemp in these innovative products not only offers therapeutic benefits but also promotes natural and sustainable approaches to skincare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Žugić
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr. Josif Pancic”, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.Ž.); (M.R.)
| | - Milica Martinović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Zorana Đinđića Boulevard 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.M.); (I.N.)
| | - Vanja Tadić
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr. Josif Pancic”, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.Ž.); (M.R.)
| | - Miloš Rajković
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr. Josif Pancic”, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.Ž.); (M.R.)
| | - Gordana Racić
- Faculty of Ecological Agriculture, University Educons, Vojvode Putnika 87, 21208 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Nešić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Zorana Đinđića Boulevard 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.M.); (I.N.)
| | - Anamarija Koren
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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3
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Giri VP, Pandey S, Shukla P, Gupta SC, Srivastava M, Rao CV, Shukla SV, Dwivedi A, Mishra A. Facile Fabrication of Sandalwood Oil-Based Nanoemulsion to Intensify the Fatty Acid Composition in Burned and Rough Skin. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6305-6315. [PMID: 38371762 PMCID: PMC10870268 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The restoration process of burned and rough skin takes a long time and remains a critical challenge. It can be repaired through a combination of proper care, hydration, and topical therapies. In this study, a novel nanoemulsion was synthesized through the high-energy ultrasonication method. A total of five nanoemulsions (NE1-5) were prepared with varying concentrations of sandalwood oil, a nonionic surfactant (polysorbate 80), and water. Among them, NE3 had a number of appropriate physicochemical characteristics, such as physiological pH (5.58 ± 0.09), refractive index (∼1.34), electrical conductivity (115 ± 0.23 mS cm-1), and transmittance (∼96.5%), which were suitable for skin care applications. The NE3 had a strong surface potential of -18.5 ± 0.15 mV and a hydrodynamic size of 61.99 ± 0.22 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.204. The structural integrity and a distinct droplet size range between 50 and 100 nm were confirmed by transmission electron microscopic analysis. The skin regeneration and restoration abilities of synthesized nanoemulsions were examined by conducting an in vivo study on Sprague-Dawley rats. Exposure to NE3 significantly increased the healing process in burned skin as compared to untreated control and nonemulsified sandalwood oil. In another set of experiments, the NE3-treated rough skin became softer, smoother, and less scaly than all other treatments. Enhanced fatty acids, i.e., palmitic acid, stearic acid, and cholesterol, were recorded in NE3-supplemented burned and rough skin compared to the untreated control. The NE3 had outstanding compatibility with key components of skincare products without any stability issues. Its biocompatibility with the cellular system was established by the negligible generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a lack of genotoxicity. Considering these results, NE3 can be used in cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and serums, allowing industries to achieve improved product formulations and provide better healthcare benefits to humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ved Prakash Giri
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Shipra Pandey
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pallavi Shukla
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sateesh Chandra Gupta
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research
Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manjoosha Srivastava
- Phytochemistry
Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research
Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chandana Venkateswara Rao
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research
Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Ashish Dwivedi
- Photobiology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology
Research, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Aradhana Mishra
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Rahim MA, Ayub H, Sehrish A, Ambreen S, Khan FA, Itrat N, Nazir A, Shoukat A, Shoukat A, Ejaz A, Özogul F, Bartkiene E, Rocha JM. Essential Components from Plant Source Oils: A Review on Extraction, Detection, Identification, and Quantification. Molecules 2023; 28:6881. [PMID: 37836725 PMCID: PMC10574037 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oils derived from plant sources, mainly fixed oils from seeds and essential oil from other parts of the plant, are gaining interest as they are the rich source of beneficial compounds that possess potential applications in different industries due to their preventive and therapeutic actions. The essential oils are used in food, medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture industries as they possess antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Plant based oils contain polyphenols, phytochemicals, and bioactive compounds which show high antioxidant activity. The extractions of these oils are a crucial step in terms of the yield and quality attributes of plant oils. This review paper outlines the different modern extraction techniques used for the extraction of different seed oils, including microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), cold-pressed extraction (CPE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), and pulsed electric field-assisted extraction (PEF). For the identification and quantification of essential and bioactive compounds present in seed oils, different modern techniques-such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy (GC-IR), atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS), and electron microscopy (EM)-are highlighted in this review along with the beneficial effects of these essential components in different in vivo and in vitro studies and in different applications. The primary goal of this research article is to pique the attention of researchers towards the different sources, potential uses and applications of oils in different industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Rahim
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (F.A.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Hudda Ayub
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Aqeela Sehrish
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Saadia Ambreen
- University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Faima Atta Khan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (F.A.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Nizwa Itrat
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (A.N.)
| | - Anum Nazir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (A.N.)
| | - Aurbab Shoukat
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Amna Shoukat
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Afaf Ejaz
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (F.A.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Fatih Özogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana 01330, Türkiye;
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana 01330, Türkiye
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Sentis MP, Aracil B, Lemahieu G, Bouzaid M, Brambilla G, Meunier G. Numerical prediction of long-term stability of liquid formulations determined by visual observation and static multiple light scattering. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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6
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Amiri-Rigi A, Kesavan Pillai S, Naushad Emmambux M. Development of hemp seed oil nanoemulsions loaded with ascorbyl palmitate: Effect of operational parameters, emulsifiers, and wall materials. Food Chem 2022; 400:134052. [PMID: 36067691 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The perceived health properties of hemp seed oil, as one of the few plant-basedsources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with an ideal ratio of 1:3, suggest its incorporation in food-grade emulsions to improve its water solubility and oxidative stability. The current research's main aim was nanoemulsification of hemp seed oil using the oil-in-water emulsification method followed by ultrasonication. The entrapment efficiency of the nanoemulsions for antioxidant ascorbyl palmitate and its impact on oxidative stability of the oil was also evaluated. Gum arabic: maltodextrin in 75:25 ratio could result in nanoemulsion with entrapment efficiency of 97.10 % for ascorbyl palmitate and radical scavenging activity of oil-soluble bioactives of 92.13 %. Moreover, incorporation of ascorbyl palmitate could effectively retard the oxidation, specifically in nanoemulsions containing gum Arabic. The optimum formulation of nanoemulsion having an average droplet size of 293 nm can be applied as an ideal vegetarian source of omega-3 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Amiri-Rigi
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.
| | - Sreejarani Kesavan Pillai
- DST-CSIR Centre for Nanostructured and Advanced Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Mohammad Naushad Emmambux
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa.
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Ganesan NG, Miastkowska MA, Pulit-Prociak J, Dey P, Rangarajan V. Formulation of a stable biocosmetic nanoemulsion using a Bacillus lipopeptide as the green-emulsifier for skin-care applications. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2059502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neela Gayathri Ganesan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Zuarinagar, Goa, India
| | | | - Jolanta Pulit-Prociak
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Pinaki Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vivek Rangarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Zuarinagar, Goa, India
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8
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Coache D, Friciu M, Roullin VG, Boulé M, Forest JM, Leclair G. Stability evaluation of compounded clonidine hydrochloride oral liquids based on a solid-phase extraction HPLC-UV method. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260279. [PMID: 34847160 PMCID: PMC8631633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the stability of clonidine hydrochloride oral liquids (20-μg/mL) prepared from two different generic tablets in Ora-Blend and stored in amber plastic bottles. Physical and chemical stabilities were evaluated over a period of 90 days at 25°C. Analytical challenges were overcome with the development of a new extraction procedure based on solid phase extraction to ensure efficient clonidine hydrochloride quantification. The absence of physical instabilities, evaluated by qualitative and quantitative measurements (static multiple light scattering), as well as the absence of chemical instabilities, evidenced by a stability-indicating HPLC-UV method, confirmed that a beyond-use date of 90 days was appropriate for these compounded oral liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Coache
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mihaela Friciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - V. Gaëlle Roullin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marianne Boulé
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Forest
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Grégoire Leclair
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Exploring the Utility of Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy (DWS) as a Novel Tool for Early Detection of Stability Issues in Cosmetic Emulsions. COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics8040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current cosmetic and personal care industry, it is of great importance to have a technique that detects instabilities quickly and effectively, as consumers are demanding more innovative and sustainable ingredients. Diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) is a potential solution as it is a modern optical technique that can measure the spatial movement of particles or droplets in an emulsion—i.e., the mean square displacement (MSD), as a function of time. In the current investigation, systematic visual and diffusion behavior emulsion stability studies over a 3-h period on jojoba and avocado oil emulsions containing varying equal percentages of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) were conducted. The turbid emulsions studied had differing stabilities with unknown instability mechanisms to further explore if diffusing wave spectroscopy can offer a fast and early identification of problem cosmetic formulations. It was observed that, for emulsions displaying instability from 4 to 123 h, the greater the change in the MSD values over a 3-h period, the greater the instability of the emulsion. For all systems, the MSD values lowered and shifted to the right from hour 0 to hour 3. We conjecture that the emulsion droplets began to aggregate, potentially growing and giving rise to larger particles. The increasing particle size was the cause for the slowing down of the dynamics and thus diffusion, giving rise to the lowering of the MSD values. Our findings indicate that by testing an emulsion over a 3-h period, it is possible to determine whether it will be a problem formulation using DWS. Studies into this technology should be continued on a wider range of emulsions with known instability mechanisms to further our understanding of using DWS as a vital emulsion instability detector.
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Dhondt F, Muthu SS. Sustainable Hemp Products. SUSTAINABLE TEXTILES: PRODUCTION, PROCESSING, MANUFACTURING & CHEMISTRY 2021:95-107. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-3334-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Pinto NDCC, Maciel MDSF, Rezende NDS, Duque APDN, Mendes RDF, da Silva JB, Evangelista MDR, Monteiro LC, da Silva JM, da Costa JDC, Scio E. Preclinical studies indicate that INFLATIV, an herbal medicine cream containing Pereskia aculeata, presents potential to be marketed as a topical anti-inflammatory agent and as adjuvant in psoriasis therapy. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1933-1945. [PMID: 32846458 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A previous study reported that the hexane fraction (HF) obtained from Pereskia aculeata leaves showed promising topical anti-inflammatory activity. Intending its future use in clinical practice, a herbal medicine cream named INFLATIV was developed. Its anti-inflammatory and antipsoriatic potential were investigated. INFLATIV was subjected to preliminary accelerated stability tests and to a degradation profile assessment. METHODS INFLATIV was prepared at 6% and 12%. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by croton oil single and multiple application challenge in mice. Mouse tail test was used for antipsoriatic potential investigation. Cutaneous atrophy test was performed. Preliminary accelerated stability tests were performed together with a degradation profile by GC-MS analysis. KEY FINDINGS The anti-inflammatory activity shown by INFLATIV was comparable to dexamethasone. However, the skin atrophy caused by that drug was not observed. INFLATIV modified skin parakeratotic differentiation into orthokeratosis, which revealed its antipsoriatic potential. The ingredients used were suitable to carry the bioactives as they were well permeated by the skin. The preliminary accelerated stability tests indicated that INFLATIV 6% is more stable than 12%. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated the relevant therapeutic and marketing potentials of INFLATIV, which is likely to be further evaluated in clinical trials for drug registration process with regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nícolas de Castro Campos Pinto
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Souza Ferreira Maciel
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Dos Santos Rezende
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula do Nascimento Duque
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata de Freitas Mendes
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Jucélia Barbosa da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Monique de Rezende Evangelista
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Luana Cahon Monteiro
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Josiane Mello da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Carvalho da Costa
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Elita Scio
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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12
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Simultaneous screening of the stability and dosimetry of nanoparticles dispersions for in vitro toxicological studies with static multiple light scattering technique. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104972. [PMID: 32822770 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the nanoparticle (NP) toxicity, much efforts have been devoted for developing methods to accurately disperse NPs into aqueous suspensions prior to in vitro toxicological studies. As NP toxicity is strongly dependent on their physicochemical properties, NP characterization is a key step for any in vitro toxicological study. This study demonstrates that the static multiple light scattering (SMLS) technique allows for the simultaneous screening of the NP size, agglomeration state, stability and dosimetry in biological media. Batch dispersions of TiO2 P25 NPs in water with various bovine serum albumin (BSA) mass fractions (from 0% to 0.5%) and dilutions of these dispersions into cell culture media were characterized with SMLS. In the batch dispersions, TiO2 NPs are stable and well dispersed for BSA mass fraction lower than 0.2% while agglomeration and rapid settling is observed for higher BSA mass fractions. Paradoxically, when diluted in cell culture media, TiO2 NPs are well dispersed and stable for BSA mass fractions higher than 0.2%. The TiO2 NP dosimetry of these dilutions was evaluated experimentally with SMLS and confronted with numerical approaches. The TiO2 NP bottom concentration evolves far more slowly in the case of the higher BSA mass fraction. Such measurements give valuable insights on the NP fate and transport in biological media to obtain in fine reliable size and dose-cytotoxicity responses.
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13
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Jarzębski M, Siejak P, Smułek W, Fathordoobady F, Guo Y, Pawlicz J, Trzeciak T, Kowalczewski PŁ, Kitts DD, Singh A, Pratap Singh A. Plant Extracts Containing Saponins Affects the Stability and Biological Activity of Hempseed Oil Emulsion System. Molecules 2020; 25:E2696. [PMID: 32532010 PMCID: PMC7321345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, two saponins-rich plant extracts, viz. Saponaria officinalis and Quillaja saponaria, were used as surfactants in an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion based on hempseed oil (HSO). This study focused on a low oil phase content of 2% v/v HSO to investigate stable emulsion systems under minimum oil phase conditions. Emulsion stability was characterized by the emulsification index (EI), centrifugation tests, droplet size distribution as well as microscopic imaging. The smallest droplets recorded by dynamic light scattering (droplets size v. number), one day after the preparation of the emulsion, were around 50-120 nm depending the on use of Saponaria and Quillaja as a surfactant and corresponding to critical micelle concentration (CMC) in the range 0-2 g/L. The surface and interfacial tension of the emulsion components were studied as well. The effect of emulsions on environmental bacteria strains was also investigated. It was observed that emulsions with Saponaria officinalis extract exhibited slight toxic activity (the cell metabolic activity reduced to 80%), in contrast to Quillaja emulsion, which induced Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 17400 growth. The highest-stability samples were those with doubled CMC concentration. The presented results demonstrate a possible use of oil emulsions based on plant extract rich in saponins for the food industry, biomedical and cosmetics applications, and nanoemulsion preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (M.J.); (P.S.)
| | - Przemysław Siejak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (M.J.); (P.S.)
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-695 Poznan, Poland
| | - Farahnaz Fathordoobady
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Yigong Guo
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Jarosław Pawlicz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland; (J.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Tomasz Trzeciak
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland; (J.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland;
| | - David D. Kitts
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Anika Singh
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Anubhav Pratap Singh
- Food Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (F.F.); (Y.G.); (D.D.K.); (A.S.)
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Arriagada F, Ugarte C, Günther G, Larraín MA, Guarnizo-Herrero V, Nonell S, Morales J. Carminic Acid Linked to Silica Nanoparticles as Pigment/Antioxidant Bifunctional Excipient for Pharmaceutical Emulsions. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040376. [PMID: 32325834 PMCID: PMC7238007 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of pigments and natural polyphenols into inorganic matrices, resulting in a hybrid material that improves the resistance and chemical stability of the pigments and the antioxidant capacity of the materials, has been of great interest to the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries. The aim of this work was to prepare and characterize a bifunctional pigment-antioxidant nanomaterial-based carminic acid-decorated solid core-mesoporous shell silica nanoparticles, evaluating its properties as a pigment, its antioxidant capacity and its properties as a chemical stabilizer of emulsions. The chemical stability of oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsions was evaluated determining the stability of vitamin E solubilized in the oil phase. Carminic acid was attached through the action of coupling ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) agents, and the resulting spherical and homogeneous nanoparticles showed a diameter close to 175 nm. A notorious change of emulsion color was observed by the addition of the nanomaterial. Emulsions showed an attractive pink color, and when the pH was adjusted to pH 3 and pH 9, a change in color was observed, analogous to carminic acid in solution. The nanomaterial incorporation also improved chemical stability, decreasing vitamin E consumption to 9.26% of the initial value, demonstrating an important antioxidant effect of the developed nanomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Arriagada
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110033 Valdivia, Chile;
| | - Catalina Ugarte
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494 Santiago, Chile; (C.U.); (G.G.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Germán Günther
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494 Santiago, Chile; (C.U.); (G.G.); (M.A.L.)
| | - María Angélica Larraín
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494 Santiago, Chile; (C.U.); (G.G.); (M.A.L.)
| | | | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universidad Ramon Llull. Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Javier Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494 Santiago, Chile; (C.U.); (G.G.); (M.A.L.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Kowalska M, Woźniak M, Żbikowska A, Kozłowska M. Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Emulsions Containing Chemically Modified Fats and Different Hydrocolloids. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010115. [PMID: 31936515 PMCID: PMC7022500 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the physicochemical properties and stability of the dispersion systems containing structured fats as a fatty base. In this work, calf tallow and pumpkin seed oil blends were chemically interesterified at various ratios (9:1, 3:1, 3:2, 3:3, 2:3, and 1:3) to produce structured lipids. Fatty acids composition, polar and nonpolar fraction content, and acid value were determined for the raw fats and interesterified blends. Afterwards, selected blends were applied in emulsion systems. Stability, microstructure, color and texture of emulsions were evaluated. The chemical interesterification had an effect on the modified blends properties, and caused an increase in polar fraction content and acid value, and a decrease in nonpolar fraction content. No effect on the fatty acids composition has been found. The evaluation of the prepared emulsions results allowed us to select two of the most stable and favorable samples—both containing chemically interesterified calf tallow and a pumpkin seed oil blend in a ratio of 1:3 as a fatty base, and xanthan gum or carboxymethylcellulose as a thickener. The obtained dispersions, containing fatty bases with improved physicochemical properties and desirable functionality, can be applied as food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kowalska
- Department of Chemistry and Organic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, 27 Chrobrego St, 26-600 Radom, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-48-3617547
| | - Magdalena Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry and Organic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, 27 Chrobrego St, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| | - Anna Żbikowska
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Mariola Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
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16
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Landi S, Berni R, Capasso G, Hausman JF, Guerriero G, Esposito S. Impact of Nitrogen Nutrition on Cannabis sativa: An Update on the Current Knowledge and Future Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5803. [PMID: 31752217 PMCID: PMC6888403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) availability represents one of the most critical factors affecting cultivated crops. N is indeed a crucial macronutrient influencing major aspects, from plant development to productivity and final yield of lignocellulosic biomass, as well as content of bioactive molecules. N metabolism is fundamental as it is at the crossroad between primary and secondary metabolic pathways: Besides affecting the synthesis of fundamental macromolecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins, N is needed for other types of molecules intervening in the response to exogenous stresses, e.g. alkaloids and glucosinolates. By partaking in the synthesis of phenylalanine, N also directly impacts a central plant metabolic 'hub'-the phenylpropanoid pathway-from which important classes of molecules are formed, notably monolignols, flavonoids and other types of polyphenols. In this review, an updated analysis is provided on the impact that N has on the multipurpose crop hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) due to its renewed interest as a multipurpose crop able to satisfy the needs of a bioeconomy. The hemp stalk provides both woody and cellulosic fibers used in construction and for biocomposites; different organs (leaves/flowers/roots) are sources of added-value secondary metabolites, namely cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and lignanamides. We survey the available literature data on the impact of N in hemp and highlight the importance of studying those genes responding to both N nutrition and abiotic stresses. Available hemp transcriptomic datasets obtained on plants subjected to salt and drought are here analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) categories related to N metabolism. The ultimate goal is to shed light on interesting candidate genes that can be further studied in hemp varieties growing under different N feeding conditions and showing high biomass yield and secondary metabolite production, even under salinity and drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Landi
- Department of Biology, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Roberto Berni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, I-53100 Siena, Italy;
- Trees and Timber Institute-National Research Council of Italy (CNR-IVALSA), via Aurelia 49, 58022 Follonica (GR), Italy
| | - Giorgia Capasso
- Department of Biology, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, Z.A.E. Robert Steichen, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg;
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, rue Bommel, Z.A.E. Robert Steichen, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg;
| | - Sergio Esposito
- Department of Biology, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.L.); (G.C.)
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Dănilă E, Moldovan Z, Albu Kaya MG, Ghica MV. Formulation and characterization of some oil in water cosmetic emulsions based on collagen hydrolysate and vegetable oils mixtures. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-0911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study was focused on the preparation and characterization of different topical oil in water emulsions based on natural ingredients such as collagen hydrolysate and vegetable oils mixtures. As oil phases, mixtures of coconut, almond, jojoba, avocado oils (in different ratios) were used while the water phase consisted in lavender water. As emulsifier, a plant based product containing glyceryl stearate and potassium stearate was incorporated (in the concentration range 4–5 %), while as rheology modifier xanthan gum was used (in the concentration range 0.2–1 %). As preservatives, Cosgard (containing benzyl alcohol, salicylic acid, glycerol, ascorbic acid) and mixtures of two essential oils (lemon and lavender) were selected. The designed formulations were assessed by means of their physico-chemical properties (pH, viscosity, thixotropic behavior), optical microscopy analysis and sensorial characteristics. The obtained emulsions were found to present pseudoplastic and thixotropic behaviors, adequate for cosmetic skin care product formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dănilă
- The National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather – Leather and Footwear Research Institute , Collagen Department , 93 Ion Minulescu St., 031215 Bucharest , Romania
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science , 1–7 Gheorghe Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest , Romania
| | - Zenovia Moldovan
- University of Bucharest , Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry , 90–92 Panduri St., 050663 Bucharest , Romania
| | - Mădălina Georgiana Albu Kaya
- The National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather – Leather and Footwear Research Institute , Collagen Department , 93 Ion Minulescu St., 031215 Bucharest , Romania
| | - Mihaela Violeta Ghica
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry , 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest , Romania
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18
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Kwok MH, Sun G, Ngai T. Microgel Particles at Interfaces: Phenomena, Principles, and Opportunities in Food Sciences. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4205-4217. [PMID: 30836004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of soft microgel particles for stabilizing emulsions has captured increasing attention across a wide range of disciplines in the past decades. Being soft, the nanoparticles, which are spherical in solution, undergo a structure change when adsorbed at the oil-water interface. This morphology change leads to the special dynamic properties of interface layers and packing structures, which then alter the interfacial tension and rheological properties of the interface. In addition, emulsions stabilized by these particles, known as Pickering emulsions, can be triggered by changing a variety of environmental conditions, which is especially desirable in industrial applications such as oil transportation processes and biphasic catalysis, where the emulsions can be stabilized and destabilized on demand. Although many studies of the behavior of soft microgel nanoparticles at interfaces have been reported, there are still many challenges in gaining a full understanding of the structure, dynamics, and effective interactions between microgels at the interface. In this Feature Article, we address some of the most important findings and problems in the field. They include the adsorption kinetics of soft microgel particles, particle conformation at the interface, pH and thermal responsiveness, and the interfacial rheological properties of soft-particle-occupied interfaces. We also discuss some potential benefits of using emulsions stabilized by soft particles for food applications as an alternative to conventional surfactant-based systems. We hope to encourage further investigation of these problems, which would be very beneficial to extending this knowledge to all other related soft matter systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Hin Kwok
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , NT 00852 , Hong Kong
| | - Guanqing Sun
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , NT 00852 , Hong Kong
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122 , China
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19
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Grijó DR, Piva GK, Osorio IV, Cardozo-Filho L. Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil extraction with pressurized n-propane and supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Huang X, Sun J, Lv K, Liu J, Shen H. An alternative method to enhance w/o emulsion stability using modified dimer acid and its application in oil based drilling fluids. RSC Adv 2018; 8:26318-26324. [PMID: 35541953 PMCID: PMC9082772 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02293c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents an alternative method to enhance the emulsion stability of oil based drilling fluids (OBMs). Modified dimer acid (MDA) was synthesized with a molecular structure having two hydrophilic heads and two hydrophobic tails. Theoretically, the adsorption of MDA on an oil–water interface makes it possible to increase hydrogen bonding between water droplets and form three dimensional networks which benefit emulsion stability. The influence of MDA on the stability of base emulsions was studied by visual observation. Then the stabilization mechanism of MDA was analyzed from the micro and macro points of view by morphology study using a cryo-scanning electron microscope (cryo-SEM) and rheological measurements including viscosity vs. shear rates, zero-shear viscosity (η0), and creep and recovery tests. Experimental results showed that a substantial improvement in emulsion stability was visually observed when the MDA concentration was 2 g L−1. From cryo-SEM observation, a honeycomb structure was observed in the emulsion containing 2 g L−1 MDA, which can provide a physical barrier to restrain the movement of water droplets. In comparison with the rheological behaviors of the emulsion without MDA, a remarkably larger zero-shear viscosity, a solid-like behavior and a greater elasticity were observed when 2 g L−1 MDA was present. Finally, the application in OBMs shows that MDA can largely enhance electrical stability (ES) and reduce the filtration volume. The method proposed in the paper could be used to enhance the stability of w/o emulsions in a variety of fields. Modified dimer acid (MDA) can improve the stability of water-in-oil emulsions by establishing a network structure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Huang
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao Shandong 266580 P. R. China +8615621081336
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao Shandong 266580 P. R. China +8615621081336
| | - Kaihe Lv
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao Shandong 266580 P. R. China +8615621081336
| | - Jingping Liu
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao Shandong 266580 P. R. China +8615621081336
| | - Haokun Shen
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao Shandong 266580 P. R. China +8615621081336
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21
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Stability Study of Sunscreens with Free and Encapsulated UV Filters Contained in Plastic Packaging. Pharmaceutics 2017; 9:pharmaceutics9020019. [PMID: 28561775 PMCID: PMC5489936 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics9020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunscreens play a fundamental role in skin cancer prevention and in protection against photo-aging. UV filters are often photo-unstable, especially in relation to their vehicles and, being lipophilic substances, they are able to interact with plastic packaging. Finally, UV filter stability can be significantly affected by the routine use of the product at high temperatures. This work aims to study the stability of sunscreen formulations in polyethylene packaging. Butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane and octocrylene, both in a free form and as encapsulated filters were chosen as UV filters. Stability evaluations were performed both in the packaging and on the formulations. Moreover, a further two non-destructive techniques, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and a multiple light scattering technique, were also used to evaluate the stability of the formulation. Results demonstrated clearly that all of the pack underwent significant changes in its elastic/plastic behavior and in external color after solar irradiation. From the evaluation of the extractable profile of untreated and treated packaging material an absorption of 2-phenoxyethanol and octocrylene were shown. In conclusion, the results highlighted clearly that a reduction of the UV filter in the formulation packed in high-density polyethylene/low-density polyethylene (HDPE/LDPE) material can occur over time, reducing the protective effect of the product when applied to the skin.
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22
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Formulation, Characterization and Properties of Hemp Seed Oil and Its Emulsions. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050700. [PMID: 28448475 PMCID: PMC6154611 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The formulation, characterization, and anticipated antibacterial properties of hemp seed oil and its emulsions were investigated. The oil obtained from the seeds of Cannabis sativa L. in refined and unrefined form was characterized using iodine, saponification, acid values, and gas chromatography, and was employed for the preparation of stable oil-in-water emulsions. The emulsions were prepared using pairs of non-ionic surfactants (Tween, Span). The effects of the emulsification method (spontaneous emulsification vs. high-intensity stirring), hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB), type and concentration of surfactant, and oil type on the size and distribution of the emulsion particles were investigated. It was found that the ability to form stable emulsions with small, initial particle sizes is primarily dependent on the given method of preparation and the HLB value. The most efficient method of emulsification that afforded the best emulsions with the smallest particles (151 ± 1 nm) comprised the high-energy method, and emulsions stable over the long-term were observed at HBL 9 with 10 wt % concentration of surfactants. Under high-intensity emulsification, refined and unrefined oils performed similarly. The oils as well as their emulsions were tested against the growth of selected bacteria using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The antibacterial effect of hemp seed oil was documented against Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus. The formulated emulsions did not exhibit the antibacterial activity that had been anticipated.
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Peng K, Wang X, Lu L, Liu J, Guan X, Huang X. Insights into the Evolution of an Emulsion with Demulsifying Bacteria Based on Turbiscan. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Peng
- Post-doctoral
research station, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of
Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lijun Lu
- College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of
Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of
Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiupeng Guan
- Beijing LDS Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiangfeng Huang
- College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of
Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Xie Y, Chen J, Zhang S, Fan K, Chen G, Zhuang Z, Zeng M, Chen D, Lu L, Yang L, Yang F. The research about microscopic structure of emulsion membrane in O/W emulsion by NMR and its influence to emulsion stability. Int J Pharm 2016; 500:110-9. [PMID: 26784978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper discussed the influence of microstructure of emulsion membrane on O/W emulsion stability. METHODS O/W emulsions were emulsified with equal dosage of egg yolk lecithin and increasing dosage of co-emulsifier (oleic acid or HS15). The average particle size and centrifugal stability constant of emulsion, as well as interfacial tension between oil and water phase were determined. The microstructure of emulsion membrane had been studied by (1)H/(13)C NMR, meanwhile the emulsion droplets were visually presented with TEM and IFM. RESULTS With increasing dosage of co-emulsifier, emulsions showed two stable states, under which the signal intensity of characteristic group (orient to lipophilic core) of egg yolk lecithin disappeared in NMR of emulsions, but that (orient to aqueous phase) of co-emulsifiers only had some reduction at the second stable state. At the two stable states, the emulsion membranes were neater in TEM and emulsion droplets were rounder in IFM. Furthermore, the average particle size of emulsions at the second stable state was bigger than that at the first stable state. CONCLUSIONS Egg yolk lecithin and co-emulsifier respectively arranged into monolayer and bilayer emulsion membrane at the two stable states. The microstructure of emulsion membrane was related to the stability of emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiao Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Jisheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Kaiyan Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Zerong Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Mingying Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - De Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Longgui Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Linlin Yang
- Guangdong Province Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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