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Dal Santo T, Rice DB, Amiri LSN, Tasleem A, Li K, Boruff JT, Geoffroy MC, Benedetti A, Thombs BD. Methods and results of studies on reporting guideline adherence are poorly reported: a meta-research study. J Clin Epidemiol 2023; 159:225-234. [PMID: 37271424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated recent meta-research studies on adherence to four reporting guidelines to determine the proportion that provided (1) an explanation for how adherence to guideline items was rated and (2) results from all included individual studies. We examined conclusions of each meta-research study to evaluate possible repetitive and similar findings. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional meta-research study. MEDLINE (Ovid) was searched on July 5, 2022 for studies that used any version of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, Standards for the Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies, or Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines or their extensions to evaluate reporting. RESULTS Of 148 included meta-research studies published between August 2020 and June 2022, 14 (10%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6%-15%) provided a fully replicable explanation of how they coded the adherence ratings and 49 (33%, 95% CI 26%-41%) completely reported individual study results. Of 90 studies that classified reporting as adequate or inadequate in the study abstract, six (7%, 95% CI 3%-14%) concluded that reporting was adequate, but none of those six studies provided information on how items were coded or provided item-level results for included studies. CONCLUSION Almost all included meta-research studies found that reporting in health research is suboptimal. However, few of these reported enough information for verification or replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Dal Santo
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle B Rice
- Department of Psychology, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara S N Amiri
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amina Tasleem
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kexin Li
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jill T Boruff
- Schulich Library of Physical Sciences, Life Sciences, and Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Biomedical Ethics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brett D Thombs
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Biomedical Ethics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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2
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Fernandez-Llimos F, Desselle S, Stewart D, Garcia-Cardenas V, Babar ZUD, Bond C, Dago A, Jacobsen R, Nørgaard LS, Polidori C, Sanchez-Polo M, Santos-Ramos B, Shcherbakova N, Tonin F. Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: The Granada statements. Res Social Adm Pharm 2023; 19:830-835. [PMID: 36804321 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as "the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care". Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors' selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Revista Brasileira de Farmacia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saude, Professor, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Shane Desselle
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA.
| | - Derek Stewart
- International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Professor of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Victoria Garcia-Cardenas
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Senior Lecturer, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom.
| | - Christine Bond
- International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Ana Dago
- Pharmaceutical Care España, Pressident, Pharmaceutical Care España Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ramune Jacobsen
- Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Associate Professor at the Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Carlo Polidori
- European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Associate Professor, Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Polo
- Ars Pharmaceutica; Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Bernardo Santos-Ramos
- Farmacia Hospitalaria, Pharmacy, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Associated researcher, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain.
| | - Natalia Shcherbakova
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Associate Professor, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States.
| | - Fernanda Tonin
- Researcher, Pharmacy Practice. Health & Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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3
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Fernandez-Llimos F, Desselle S, Stewart D, Garcia-Cardenas V, Babar ZUD, Bond C, Dago A, Jacobsen R, Nørgaard LS, Polidori C, Sanchez-Polo M, Santos-Ramos B, Shcherbakova N, Tonin FS. Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: The Granada Statements. FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA 2023; 47:133-138. [PMID: 36963994 DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as "the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care". Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors' selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Revista Brasileira de Farmacia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saúde; Profesor, Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Shane Desselle
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy; Vicedecano para Investigación y Asuntos profesionales, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, Estados Unidos.
| | - Derek Stewart
- International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy; Profesor de Farmacia Clínica y Practica, Facultad de Farmacia, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Victoria Garcia-Cardenas
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Senior Lecturer, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice; Profesor de Medicamentos y Atención Sanitaria, Departmento de Farmacia, Escuela de Ciencias Aplicadas, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, Reino Unido.
| | - Christine Bond
- International Journal of Pharmacy Practice; Profesor Emerito (Atención Primaria), Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas de la Salud, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Escocia, Reino Unido.
| | - Ana Dago
- Pharmaceutical Care España; Presidente, Fundación Pharmaceutical Care España, Barcelona, España.
| | - Ramune Jacobsen
- Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy; Profesor Asociado, Departmento de Farmacia, University of Copenhagen, Dinamarca.
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Professor Asociado, Departmento de Farmacia, University of Copenhagen, Copenague, Dinamarca.
| | - Carlo Polidori
- European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Profesor Asociado, Departmento de Medicina Experimental e Salud Pública, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italia.
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Polo
- Ars Pharmaceutica; Profesor, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España.
| | - Bernardo Santos-Ramos
- Farmacia Hospitalaria; Farmacia, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío; Investigador Asociado, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, España.
| | - Natalia Shcherbakova
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Profesor Asociado, Facultad de Farmacia y Ciencias de la Salud, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, Estados Unidos.
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmacy Practice; Investigador, Health & Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escuela Superior de Tecnologia de la Salud (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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4
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Fernandez-Llimos F, Desselle S, Stewart D, Garcia-Cardenas V, Babar ZUD, Bond C, Dago A, Jacobsen R, Nørgaard LS, Polidori C, Sanchez-Polo M, Santos-Ramos B, Shcherbakova N, Tonin FS. Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social Pharmacy Practice Research: The Granada statements. FARMACIA HOSPITALARIA 2023; 47:T133-T138. [PMID: 37198084 DOI: 10.1016/j.farma.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as "the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care". Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors' selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work. © 2023 The Author(s) Published by Elsevier Inc, Springer Nature, Brazilian Society of Hospital Pharmacy and Health Services, Elsevier Inc, Royal Pharmaceutical Society, Biomedcentral, Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria (S.E.F.H), Pharmaceutical Care España Foundation, European Association of Hospital Pharmacists, Faculty of Pharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Revista Brasileira de Farmacia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saúde; Profesor, Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Shane Desselle
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy; Vicedecano para Investigación y Asuntos profesionales, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, Estados Unidos.
| | - Derek Stewart
- International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy; Profesor de Farmacia Clínica y Practica, Facultad de Farmacia, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Victoria Garcia-Cardenas
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Senior Lecturer, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice; Profesor de Medicamentos y Atención Sanitaria, Departmento de Farmacia, Escuela de Ciencias Aplicadas, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, Reino Unido.
| | - Christine Bond
- International Journal of Pharmacy Practice; Profesor Emerito (Atención Primaria), Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas de la Salud, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Escocia, Reino Unido.
| | - Ana Dago
- Pharmaceutical Care España; Presidente, Fundación Pharmaceutical Care España, Barcelona, España.
| | - Ramune Jacobsen
- Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy; Profesor Asociado, Departmento de Farmacia, University of Copenhagen, Dinamarca.
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Professor Asociado, Departmento de Farmacia, University of Copenhagen, Copenague, Dinamarca.
| | - Carlo Polidori
- European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Profesor Asociado, Departmento de Medicina Experimental e Salud Pública, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italia.
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Polo
- Ars Pharmaceutica; Profesor, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España.
| | - Bernardo Santos-Ramos
- Farmacia Hospitalaria; Farmacia, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío; Investigador Asociado, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, España.
| | - Natalia Shcherbakova
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy; Profesor Asociado, Facultad de Farmacia y Ciencias de la Salud, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, Estados Unidos.
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmacy Practice; Investigador, Health & Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escuela Superior de Tecnologia de la Salud (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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5
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Fernandez-Llimos F, Desselle S, Stewart D, Garcia-Cardenas V, Babar ZUD, Bond C, Dago A, Jacobsen R, Nørgaard LS, Polidori C, Sanchez-Polo M, Santos-Ramos B, Shcherbakova N, Tonin FS. Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: the Granada Statements. Int J Clin Pharm 2023; 45:285-292. [PMID: 36920737 PMCID: PMC10147809 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as "the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care". Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors' selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Revista Brasileira de Farmacia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saude, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shane Desselle
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Research and Professional Affairs, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Derek Stewart
- International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Victoria Garcia-Cardenas
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, Medicines and Healthcare, Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Christine Bond
- International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Ana Dago
- Pharmaceutical Care España, Pharmaceutical Care España Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramune Jacobsen
- Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlo Polidori
- European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Polo
- Ars Pharmaceutica, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Bernardo Santos-Ramos
- Farmacia Hospitalaria, Pharmacy, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Shcherbakova
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmacy Practice, Health & Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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6
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Fernandez-Llimos F, Desselle S, Stewart D, Garcia-Cardenas V, Babar ZUD, Bond C, Dago A, Jacobsen R, Nørgaard LS, Polidori C, Sanchez-Polo M, Santos-Ramos B, Shcherbakova NG, Tonin FS. Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: the Granada Statements. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2023:ejhpharm-2023-003748. [PMID: 36914239 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-003748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as 'the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on healthcare systems, medicine use, and patient care'. Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other healthcare areas (ie, medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors' selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shane Desselle
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Touro University California, Vallejo, California, USA
| | - Derek Stewart
- International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Qatar University College of Pharmacy, Doha, Qatar
| | - Victoria Garcia-Cardenas
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Christine Bond
- International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ana Dago
- Pharmaceutical Care España, Pharmaceutical Care España Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramune Jacobsen
- Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Carlo Polidori
- Experimental medicine and Public health, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | | | - Natalia G Shcherbakova
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmacy Practice, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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7
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Fernandez-Llimos F, Desselle S, Stewart D, Garcia-Cardenas V, Babar ZUD, Bond C, Dago A, Jacobsen R, Nørgaard LS, Polidori C, Sanchez-Polo M, Santos-Ramos B, Shcherbakova N, Tonin F. Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: The Granada statements. J Pharm Policy Pract 2023; 16:43. [PMID: 36899408 PMCID: PMC9999617 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-023-00527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as "the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care". Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors' selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Revista Brasileira de Farmacia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saude, Professor, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shane Desselle
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Research and Professional Affairs, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Derek Stewart
- International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Professor of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Victoria Garcia-Cardenas
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Senior Lecturer, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, Professor in Medicines and Healthcare, Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.
| | - Christine Bond
- International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Ana Dago
- Pharmaceutical Care España, Pharmaceutical Care España Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramune Jacobsen
- Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlo Polidori
- European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Associate Professor, Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Polo
- Ars Pharmaceutica, Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Bernardo Santos-Ramos
- Farmacia Hospitalaria, Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Shcherbakova
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Associate Professor, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Fernanda Tonin
- Researcher, Pharmacy Practice. Health and Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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8
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Fernandez-Llimos F, Desselle S, Stewart D, Garcia-Cardenas V, Babar ZUD, Bond C, Dago A, Jacobsen R, Nørgaard LS, Polidori C, Sanchez-Polo M, Santos-Ramos B, Shcherbakova N, Tonin FS. Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: The Granada Statements. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2023; 9:100229. [PMID: 36866074 PMCID: PMC9971279 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as "the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care". Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors' selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Revista Brasileira de Farmacia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saude, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shane Desselle
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Research and Professional Affairs, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Derek Stewart
- International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Victoria Garcia-Cardenas
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, Medicines and Healthcare, Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Bond
- International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, Emeritus Professor (Primary Care), Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Dago
- Pharmaceutical Care España, Pharmaceutical Care España Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramune Jacobsen
- Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Stig Nørgaard
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlo Polidori
- European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Polo
- Ars Pharmaceutica, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Bernardo Santos-Ramos
- Farmacia Hospitalaria, Pharmacy, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Shcherbakova
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Fernanda S. Tonin
- Pharmacy Practice, Health & Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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9
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Lai H, Khan YA, Abbas SZ, Chammam W. Meta-computational techniques' for managing spare data: An application in off-pump heart surgery. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 208:106267. [PMID: 34293493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This research looked at the key considerations to remember when selecting a model for working with sparse data. In the presence of sparse evidence, it proposes ideal conditions for conducting meta-analysis. METHODS Monte Carlo simulations were used to produce study results, and three forms of continuity correction were used in the research. Besides, meta-analytical approaches were used to measure the cumulative effect of treatment and estimate each method's efficiency. A clinical trial in off-pump surgery met the main objectives of this research. Meta-analysis methods were used to determine the outcome of postoperative risk results. After that, with a total population of 3030, Monte Carlo simulations were used to produce research data to run fixed and random-effect models with three continuity correction forms. The type of consistency adjustment used, group imbalances, statistical analysis used, and variance values between studies all affect meta-analytical methods' results. RESULTS MSE values for balanced groups are normally zero. While the Arc-sine variation approach does a decent job of coping with inconsistent results on the effect of treatment, it has concerns with boundary estimates of variance between tests. Furthermore, using continuity correction methods introduces bias and imprecise medication outcome calculations. The spectrum of statistical analysis, such as fixed effects and random effects, can be inferred as completely based on data in samples. The sensitivity analysis of correction decisions could increase the reliability of meta-analysis approaches by enabling researchers to analyze various effect estimation findings. CONCLUSION This research study can be expanded upon by identifying alternative approaches to continuity correction methods and resolving boundary estimate problems. The range of statistical analysis, such as fixed effects and random effects, can be entirely dependent on the samples' type of data. The sensitivity analysis of correction decisions could improve the efficiency of meta-analysis methods by allowing researchers to investigate a wide range of effect estimation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lai
- School of Information Engineering, Huanghuai University. China.
| | - Yousaf Ali Khan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Syed Zaheer Abbas
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan.
| | - Wathek Chammam
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, PO Box 66, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Adams SC, McMillan J, Salline K, Lavery J, Moskowitz CS, Matsoukas K, Chen MMZ, Santa Mina D, Scott JM, Jones LW. Comparing the reporting and conduct quality of exercise and pharmacological randomised controlled trials: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048218. [PMID: 34380726 PMCID: PMC8359527 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the quality of exercise randomised controlled trial (RCT) reporting and conduct in clinical populations (ie, adults with or at risk of chronic conditions) and compare with matched pharmacological RCTs. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES Embase (Elsevier), PubMed (NLM) and CINAHL (EBSCO). STUDY SELECTION RCTs of exercise in clinical populations with matching pharmacological RCTs published in leading clinical, medical and specialist journals with impact factors ≥15. REVIEW METHODS Overall RCT quality was evaluated by two independent reviewers using three research reporting guidelines (ie, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT; pharmacological RCTs)/CONSORT for non-pharmacological treatments; exercise RCTs), CONSORT-Harms, Template for Intervention Description and Replication) and two risk of bias assessment (research conduct) tools (ie, Cochrane Risk of Bias, Jadad Scale). We compared research reporting and conduct quality within exercise RCTs with matched pharmacological RCTs, and examined factors associated with quality in exercise and pharmacological RCTs, separately. FINDINGS Forty-eight exercise RCTs (11 658 patients; median sample n=138) and 48 matched pharmacological RCTs were evaluated (18 501 patients; median sample n=160). RCTs were conducted primarily in cardiovascular medicine (43%) or oncology (31%). Overall quality score (composite of all research reporting and conduct quality scores; primary endpoint) for exercise RCTs was 58% (median score 46 of 80; IQR: 39-51) compared with 77% (53 of 68; IQR: 47-58) in the matched pharmacological RCTs (p≤0.001). Individual quality scores for trial reporting and conduct were lower in exercise RCTs compared with matched pharmacological RCTs (p≤0.03). Factors associated with higher overall quality scores for exercise RCTs were journal impact factor (≥25), sample size (≥152) and publication year (≥2013). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Research reporting and conduct quality within exercise RCTs is inferior to matched pharmacological RCTs. Suboptimal RCT reporting and conduct impact the fidelity, interpretation, and reproducibility of exercise trials and, ultimately, implementation of exercise in clinical populations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018095033.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Adams
- Department of Cardiology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ted Rogers Cardiotoxicity Prevention Program, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia McMillan
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kirsten Salline
- Internal Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Lavery
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chaya S Moskowitz
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Maggie M Z Chen
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Santa Mina
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica M Scott
- Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lee W Jones
- Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Tikka C, Verbeek J, Ijaz S, Hoving JL, Boschman J, Hulshof C, de Boer AG. Quality of reporting and risk of bias: a review of randomised trials in occupational health. Occup Environ Med 2021; 78:691-696. [PMID: 34162718 PMCID: PMC8380877 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-107038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To assess the reporting quality of randomisation and allocation methods in occupational health and safety (OHS) trials in relation to Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) requirements of journals, risk of bias (RoB) and publication year. Methods We systematically searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed between 2010 and May 2019 in 18 OHS journals. We measured reporting quality as percentage compliance with the CONSORT 2010 checklist (items 8–10) and RoB with the ROB V.2.0 tool (first domain). We tested the mean difference (MD) in % in reporting quality between CONSORT-requiring and non-requiring journals, trials with low, some concern and high RoB and publications before and after 2015. Results In 135 articles reporting on 129 RCTs, average reporting quality was at 37.4% compliance (95% CI 31.9% to 43.0%), with 10% of articles reaching 100% compliance. Reporting quality was significantly better in CONSORT-requiring journals than non-requiring journals (MD 31.0% (95% CI 21.4% to 40.7%)), for studies at low RoB than high RoB (MD 33.1% (95% CI 16.1% to 50.2%)) and with RoB of some concern (MD 39.8% (95% CI 30.0% to 49.7%)). Reporting quality did not improve over time (MD −5.7% (95% CI −16.8% to 5.4%). Conclusions Articles in CONSORT-requiring journals and of low RoB studies show better reporting quality. Low reporting quality is linked to unclear RoB judgements (some concern). Reporting quality did not improve over the last 10 years and CONSORT is insufficiently implemented. Concerted efforts by editors and authors are needed to improve CONSORT implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tikka
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands .,Occupational health department, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Kuopio Regional Office, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jos Verbeek
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Cochrane Work Review Group, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sharea Ijaz
- NIHR ARC West, University of Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jan L Hoving
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Cochrane Work Review Group, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julitta Boschman
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Cochrane Work Review Group, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carel Hulshof
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela G de Boer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Lawson DO, Puljak L, Pieper D, Schandelmaier S, Collins GS, Brignardello-Petersen R, Moher D, Tugwell P, Welch VA, Samaan Z, Thombs BD, Nørskov AK, Jakobsen JC, Allison DB, Mayo-Wilson E, Young T, Chan AW, Briel M, Guyatt GH, Thabane L, Mbuagbaw L. Reporting of methodological studies in health research: a protocol for the development of the MethodologIcal STudy reportIng Checklist (MISTIC). BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040478. [PMID: 33334836 PMCID: PMC7747548 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methodological studies (ie, studies that evaluate the design, conduct, analysis or reporting of other studies in health research) address various facets of health research including, for instance, data collection techniques, differences in approaches to analyses, reporting quality, adherence to guidelines or publication bias. As a result, methodological studies can help to identify knowledge gaps in the methodology of health research and strategies for improvement in research practices. Differences in methodological study names and a lack of reporting guidance contribute to lack of comparability across studies and difficulties in identifying relevant previous methodological studies. This paper outlines the methods we will use to develop an evidence-based tool-the MethodologIcal STudy reportIng Checklist-to harmonise naming conventions and improve the reporting of methodological studies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search for methodological studies in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, check reference lists and contact experts in the field. We will extract and summarise data on the study names, design and reporting features of the included methodological studies. Consensus on study terms and recommended reporting items will be achieved via video conference meetings with a panel of experts including researchers who have published methodological studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The consensus study has been exempt from ethics review by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board. The results of the review and the reporting guideline will be disseminated in stakeholder meetings, conferences, peer-reviewed publications, in requests to journal editors (to endorse or make the guideline a requirement for authors), and on the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) Network and reporting guideline websites. REGISTRATION We have registered the development of the reporting guideline with the EQUATOR Network and publicly posted this project on the Open Science Framework (www.osf.io/9hgbq).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeria O Lawson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Livia Puljak
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Health Care, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Schandelmaier
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Research, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gary S Collins
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Tugwell
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vivian A Welch
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zainab Samaan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brett D Thombs
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anders K Nørskov
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janus C Jakobsen
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, The Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Evan Mayo-Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Taryn Young
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - An-Wen Chan
- Department of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthias Briel
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Research, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gordon H Guyatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, and Departments of Paediatrics and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre and Centre for Evaluation of Medicine, Saint Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lawrence Mbuagbaw
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre, Saint Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Mbuagbaw L, Lawson DO, Puljak L, Allison DB, Thabane L. A tutorial on methodological studies: the what, when, how and why. BMC Med Res Methodol 2020; 20:226. [PMID: 32894052 PMCID: PMC7487909 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-020-01107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methodological studies - studies that evaluate the design, analysis or reporting of other research-related reports - play an important role in health research. They help to highlight issues in the conduct of research with the aim of improving health research methodology, and ultimately reducing research waste. MAIN BODY We provide an overview of some of the key aspects of methodological studies such as what they are, and when, how and why they are done. We adopt a "frequently asked questions" format to facilitate reading this paper and provide multiple examples to help guide researchers interested in conducting methodological studies. Some of the topics addressed include: is it necessary to publish a study protocol? How to select relevant research reports and databases for a methodological study? What approaches to data extraction and statistical analysis should be considered when conducting a methodological study? What are potential threats to validity and is there a way to appraise the quality of methodological studies? CONCLUSION Appropriate reflection and application of basic principles of epidemiology and biostatistics are required in the design and analysis of methodological studies. This paper provides an introduction for further discussion about the conduct of methodological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Mbuagbaw
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Biostatistics Unit/FSORC, 50 Charlton Avenue East, St Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton, 3rd Floor Martha Wing, Room H321, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, Canada.
- Centre for the Development of Best Practices in Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Daeria O Lawson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Livia Puljak
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Health Care, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health - Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit/FSORC, 50 Charlton Avenue East, St Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton, 3rd Floor Martha Wing, Room H321, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Evaluation of Medicine, St. Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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