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Wang Z, Wang MD, Wang XC, Chen L, Li LF, Jiang LN, Xu JH, Kai Dang. High levels of mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, and apoptosis contribute to stable testicular status in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 297:111705. [PMID: 39032767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus) experience various stress states during winter hibernation, but the impact on testicular function remains unclear. This study focused on the effects of changes in testicular autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial homeostasis signaling pathways at various stages on the testes of Daurian ground squirrels. Results indicated that: (1) During winter hibernation, there was a significant increase in seminiferous tubule diameter and seminiferous epithelium thickness compared to summer. Spermatogonia number and testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were higher during inter-bout arousal, suggesting that the testes remained stable during hibernation. (2) An increased number of mitochondria with intact morphology were observed during hibernation, indicating that mitochondrial homeostasis may contribute to testicular stability. (3) DNA fragmentation was evident in the testes during the hibernation and inter-bout arousal stages, with the highest level of caspase3 enzyme activity detected during inter-bout arousal, together with elevated levels of Bax/Bcl-2 and Lc3 II/Lc3 I, indicating an up-regulation of apoptosis and autophagy signaling pathways during hibernation. (4) The abundance of DRP1, MFF, OPA1, and MFN2 proteins was increased, suggesting an up-regulation of mitochondrial dynamics-related pathways. Overall, testicular autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial homeostasis-related signaling pathways were notably active in the extreme winter environment. The well-maintained mitochondrial morphology may favor the production of reproductive hormones and support stable testicular morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 273165 Qufu, Shandong, China.
| | - Ming-Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 273165 Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Xing-Chen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 273165 Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Le Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 273165 Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Lu-Fan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 273165 Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Na Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 273165 Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Jin-Hui Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 273165 Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Dang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, China
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2
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Demir S, Kazaz IO, Mungan SA, Alemdar NT, Perolli N, Demir EA, Mentese A. Usnic acid alleviates testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 128:108654. [PMID: 38960207 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Testicular torsion (TT) is a urological condition that can result in infertility in men. The etiopathogenesis of TT includes ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) characterized by oxidative stress (OS), inflammation and apoptosis resulting from increased levels of free radicals. Usnic acid (UA), a dibenzofuran, is one of the most common metabolites found in lichens and is known to possess powerful antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective activity of UA in an experimental testicular IRI model for the first time. A total of 18 rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=6): sham control, IRI and IRI+UA. The IRI groups underwent a four-hour period of ischemia and a two-hour period of reperfusion. The OS, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis markers in testicular tissue were evaluated using colorimetric methods. Furthermore, tissue samples were subjected to histological examination, with staining using hematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological findings supported by increased OS, inflammation, ERS and apoptosis levels were obtained in IRI group compared with sham control group. However, UA treatment restored these pathological and biochemical changes. Although this study provides the first preliminary evidence that UA may be used as a useful molecule against testicular IRI, further extensive molecular preclinical studies should be performed before clinical use is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye.
| | - Ilke Onur Kazaz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Sevdegul Aydin Mungan
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye; Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Turkiye
| | - Nijazi Perolli
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, 61750 Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkiye
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Yilmaz N, Hudaykulıyeva J, Gul S. Phoenixin-14 may ameliorate testicular damage caused by torsion-detorsion by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in prepubertal rats. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102405. [PMID: 38754242 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Phoenixin-14 (PNX-14) on oxidative damage, inflammatory response, histopathological variations, and serum testosterone levels in testicular tissues. Forty-eight Wistar albino prepubertal male rats were divided into 4 groups (Sham, TTD, TT+PNX+TD, TTD+PNX) (n=12). The torsion period was 2 hours and the detorsion period was 24 hours in the testicular torsion/detorsion (TD) groups. A single PNX-14 (50 µg/kg) dose was injected into the rats in the TT+PNX TD group on the 90th minute of torsion, and it was injected into the rats in the TTD+PNX group at the beginning of detorsion. Oxidative damage in testicular tissues was determined based on superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS), and inflammatory damage was determined based on TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Histopathological variations were investigated with the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining method in testicular tissues and analyzed based on Johnsen scores. Spermatogonia cells were examined immunohistochemically. Serum testosterone levels were determined with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A significant increase in oxidative stress and inflammation parameters was determined in the TTD group when compared to the other groups (p<0.05). PNX-14 treatment led to a statistically significant decrease in these parameters and significantly repaired the TD damage in testicular tissue (p<0.05). Johnsen scoring revealed significant improvement in PNX-14 groups and an increase in spermatogonia count, supporting the biochemical findings (p<0.05). PNX-14 could be a potential therapeutic agent in testicular TD damage and further studies should be conducted to elucidate the present study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesibe Yilmaz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey.
| | - Jemal Hudaykulıyeva
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Semir Gul
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkey
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Khormali M, Farahpour MR. The navel nanoethosomal formulation of gamma-oryzanol attenuates testicular ischemia/reperfusion damages. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28687. [PMID: 38633627 PMCID: PMC11021891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion reduces blood flow to testes and induces tissue ischemia. Antioxidant can have pivotal roles in alleviation of the effects of torsion/reperfusion. Gamma-oryzanol (γ-Oryzanol) has several pharmacological properties such as antioxidant and anti-apoptosis that can be used in this way. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of nanoethosomal formulation of gamma-oryzanol (γ-Oryzanol-NEs) on testicular damages in a mouse model of ischemia/reperfusion damage. Following induction of ischemia/reperfusion, the mice were treated with γ-Oryzanol and γ-Oryzanol-NEs (6 mg/kg) in times of 3 h and 6 h. The expression of positive cells of TUNEL, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) and caspase 3 and histopathological parameters were assessed. The results showed higher expression of positive cells of TUNEL, HSP70 and caspase 3 and lower expressions of SOD and GPx in control mice compared with those treated with γ-Oryzanol-NEs (P = 0.001). The treatment with γ-Oryzanol-NEs could decrease pathological damages and the expression of positive cells of TUNEL, HSP70 and caspase 3 and increase the expressions of SOD and GPx. In conclusion, γ-Oryzanol-NEs could have the protective effects on torsion/reperfusion by decreasing apoptosis and increasing antioxidant status in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobina Khormali
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Farahpour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
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GÜN SOYTÜRK E, BIÇAKCI Ü, ASLAN S, GÜVENÇ T, CEYHAN BİLGİCİ M. Effects of acetylsalicylic acid and ultrasound elastography on testicular torsion in rats. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:1605-1613. [PMID: 38813515 PMCID: PMC10760537 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim To investigate the effects of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and the use of ultrasound elastography on testicular torsion. Materials and methods Herein, 6 equal groups of rats were formed (n: 48): control group, sham group, torsion/detorsion (T/D)-1 h group, T/D-1 h + ASA group, T/D-8 h group, and T/D-8 h + ASA group. Testicular torsion was created by rotating the left testis 720° clockwise. At 30 min before torsion, 100 mg/kg of ASA was injected intraperitoneally. Elastography was performed at 8 and 24 h. After orchiectomy, specimens were collected for histopathological evaluation. Results When comparing the left testicular volume (LV) parameters obtained from the elastography applied at 8 h, significant differences were observed between the following group pairs: the sham and T/D-8 h groups, T/D-1 h and T/D-8 h groups, and T/D-1 h + ASA and T/D-8 h groups (p = 0.004, p = 0.023, and p = 0.026, respectively). The mean LVS (velocity) (stiffness assessment) of the groups was similar at 8 h. When comparing the LV parameters at 24 h, significant differences were found between the T/D-1 h and T/D-8 h groups and between the T/D-8 h and T/D-8 h + ASA groups (p = 0.008 and p = 0.004, respectively). For the LVS mean values at 24 h, significant differences were found between the control and sham groups, sham and T/D-1 h groups, sham and T/D-8 h groups, and sham and T/D-8 h + ASA groups (p = 0.009, p = 0.021, p = 0.027, and p = 0.009, respectively).Histopathological evaluation showed a decrease in the morphological grades and an increase in the mean testicular injury scores in the T/D-1 h + ASA group compared to the T/D-1 h group. The T/D-8 h + ASA group had a higher morphological grade than the T/D-8 h group, whereas their mean testicular injury scores were similar. Conclusion ASA treatment for testicular torsion was shown to be ineffective. Elastography can be a complementary method to Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of testicular torsion and can guide surgeons in their approach to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi GÜN SOYTÜRK
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun,
Turkiye
| | - Ünal BIÇAKCI
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun,
Turkiye
| | - Serdar ASLAN
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun,
Turkiye
| | - Tolga GÜVENÇ
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun,
Turkiye
| | - Meltem CEYHAN BİLGİCİ
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun,
Turkiye
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Minas A, Mahmoudabadi S, Gamchi NS, Antoniassi MP, Alizadeh A, Bertolla RP. Testicular torsion in vivo models: Mechanisms and treatments. Andrology 2023; 11:1267-1285. [PMID: 36825607 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular torsion is a condition in which a testis rotates around its longitudinal axis and twists the spermatic cord. This in turn results in a significant decrease in blood flow and perfusion of testicular tissue. During Testicular torsion, the testicular tissue is affected by ischemia, heat stress, hypoxia, and oxidative and nitrosative stress. The testicular torsion should be considered an emergency condition and surgical intervention (testicular detorsion ) as the sole treatment option in viable cases involves counter-rotation on twisted testes associated, when possible, to orchipexy, in order to avoid recurrence. Possible testicular detorsion side-effects occur due to reperfusion and endothelial cells injury, microcirculation disturbances, and intense germ cells loss. OBJECTIVES To discuss testicular torsion surgery-based methods, different time frames for testicular torsion induction, and the associated pathophysiology by emphasizing cellular and molecular events as well as different therapeutic agent applications for testicular torsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed all original research and epidemiological papers related to testicular torsion condition. RESULTS Testicular torsion causes germ cell necrosis, arrested spermatogenesis, and diminished testosterone levels, with consequent infertility. Among different involved pathophysiological impacts, testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia seems to play the key role by leading the tissue toward other series of events in testis. Numerous studies have used adjuvant antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, anti-inflammatory agents, or vasodilating agents in order to decrease these effects. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, no previously conducted study examined therapeutical agents' beneficial effects post clinical I/R condition in humans. Different agents targeting different pathophysiological conditions were used to ameliorate the ischemia/reperfusion-induced condition in animal models, however, none of the administrated agents were tested in human cases. Although considering testicular detorsion surgery is still the golden method to reverse the testicular torsion condition and the surgical approach is undeniable, the evaluated agents with beneficial effects, need to be investigated furthermore in clinical conditions. Thus, furthermore clinical studies and case reports are required to approve the animal models proposed agents' beneficial impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Minas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sina Mahmoudabadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Shamsi Gamchi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mariana Pereira Antoniassi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arash Alizadeh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ricardo Pimenta Bertolla
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hidaka AK, Glina FPA, Hayashi RM, Smaidi K, Baccaglini W, Pazetto CL, Nascimento FJ, Glina S. Testicular decompression and tunica vaginalis flap in human acute testicular torsion: modified step-by-step technique description and preliminary outcomes. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2023; 21:eAO0220. [PMID: 37585887 PMCID: PMC10421604 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2023ao0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the effects of a tunica vagina flap on testicular compartment syndrome. METHODS This single-arm clinical trial was conducted from September 2020 to October 2021. Consecutive patients with suspected testicular torsion within 24 hours of pain onset were included. Patients with past testicular torsion, bilateral torsion, or previous atrophy were excluded. The tunica vaginalis was opened, and the intratesticular pressure was measured before testicular retrieval from the scrotum and detorsion (P1), after detorsion (P2), and after transverse incision (P3). A tunica vaginalis flap was performed and a new intratesticular pressure was recorded (P4). The contralateral testicular pressure was recorded before fixation (Pc). The minimum follow-up period was 6 months. RESULTS Fifteen patients were recruited from September 2020 to October 2021. Nine patients completed the follow-up. The median age (range) was 15 years (9-19). The mean P1, P2, P3, P4, and Pc (range) were 43, 60, 23, 20, and 14mmHg, respectively. The atrophy rate was 66.3% and the viability was 88.9%. No major complications were observed. CONCLUSION The modified tunica vaginalis flap in acute testicular torsion decreased intratesticular pressure. Furthermore, normal testicular pressure can improve testicular preservation. It can also decrease testicular pressure to normal levels and preserve the testicular parenchyma. Testicular torsion causes orchiectomy in more than 80% of the cases after 24 hours of pain onset. Testicular detorsion only (P1-P2) showed a small difference in intratesticular pressure (median 4mmHg). Testicular incision (P2-P3) only demonstrated a major pressure decrease (median, 45mmHg). The final pressure after TVR was similar to the non-twisted testicle pressure (median, 1mmHg). Testicular salvage (88.9%) and atrophy (66.3%) rates were slightly higher than the previous literature reports, perhaps the initial learning curve of this novel technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Kyoshi Hidaka
- Centro Universitário FMABCSanto AndréSPBrazil Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Renan Murata Hayashi
- Centro Universitário FMABCSanto AndréSPBrazil Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Khalil Smaidi
- Centro Universitário FMABCSanto AndréSPBrazil Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Willy Baccaglini
- Centro Universitário FMABCSanto AndréSPBrazil Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Linck Pazetto
- Centro Universitário FMABCSanto AndréSPBrazil Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fabio José Nascimento
- Centro Universitário FMABCSanto AndréSPBrazil Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sidney Glina
- Centro Universitário FMABCSanto AndréSPBrazil Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
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Kavak N, Guler I, Akcan G, Surel AA, Gungorer B, Abatay K, Abatay MP, Balci N, Kavak RP, Doger C. Role of augmenter of liver regeneration on testicular ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion injury: An experimental study. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:963-972. [PMID: 37635581 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_700_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Testicular torsion causes ischemic injury, and torsion causes reperfusion injury. Aim Evaluating the role of augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) in testicular ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Materials and Method(s) Seventy-eight (78) healthy Wistar albino male rats were randomly divided into four groups; control (C) (n = 6), sham (S) (n = 24), torsion (T) (n = 24), and torsion/detorsion (T/D) (n = 24). S, T, and T/D groups were divided into four subgroups (n = 6) as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th hours. Blood, tissue ALR, and histology analyses were performed between groups and subgroups. Results The increase in plasma ALR values at the 3rd and 4th hours compared to the 1st hour in the T group were significant (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively). In the T/D group, a significant increase was observed in plasma ALR values at the 3rd and 4th hours compared to the 1st hour (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, respectively). Plasma ALR values at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th hours were higher in the T and T/D groups than in the C group (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, respectively). Plasma ALR values were higher in the T group at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th hours than in the S group (P < 0.05). A significant increase was observed in tissue ALR at the 3rd and 4th hours than at the 1st hour in the T group (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, respectively). A significant increase was observed in tissue ALR at the 3rd and 4th hours than in the 1st hour in the T/D group (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, respectively). Discussion ALR in plasma and testicular tissue has a potential role in the early diagnosis of testicular torsion and in predicting the prognosis of T and T/D.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kavak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - I Guler
- Department of General Surgery, The Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Hospitals, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - G Akcan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - A A Surel
- Department of General Surgery, Coordinator Head Physician of Turkish Ministry of Health, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - B Gungorer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - K Abatay
- Muş State Hospital, Emergency Medicine, Muş, Türkiye
| | - M P Abatay
- Hasköy Familiy Heath Center, Muş, Türkiye
| | - N Balci
- Ministry of Health, Department of Services, Home Health Services Unit, Speciality of Family Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - R P Kavak
- Department of Radiology, Etlik, City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - C Doger
- Department of, Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
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9
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Ebrahim SH, Alaysreen AA, Yousif YF. Outcomes of Surgical Exploration of Acute Scrotal Pain Raising Suspicion of Testicular Torsion. Cureus 2023; 15:e40098. [PMID: 37425520 PMCID: PMC10328451 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Testicular torsion (TT) is a surgical emergency, affecting approximately one in every 4000 males under the age of 25 years annually in the United States. In this study, we aimed to determine the outcomes of emergency scrotal surgical exploration of cases that raised suspicion of TT presenting to Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC), Bahrain's largest secondary and tertiary care center. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study. The data were collected from the hospital's electronic medical record software (I-SEHA). The data included patient age, Doppler ultrasound (DUS) findings prior to any surgical procedure, type of surgical procedure, and the surgical findings of that procedure. Results Of the 198 patients who underwent scrotal exploration, 141 had presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of TT. The mean age of the patients was 22.3 ±9.3 years. Doppler imaging was performed preoperatively on 135 out of 141 (95.7%) patients. After scrotal exploration, 91.4% of the patients were found to have TT. The proportion of patients with salvageable testis was 78.7%. Conclusions The study found that surgical exploration remains the definitive method in the management of acute scrotum in TT patients. Our findings are in line with those from other similar studies and meta-analyses.
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10
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Demir S, Kazaz IO, Kerimoglu G, Demir EA, Colak F, Biyik AF, Cansever Y, Mentese A. Propolis ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced testicular damage by reducing oxidative stress. Rev Int Androl 2023; 21:100364. [PMID: 37267854 DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2023.100364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of Turkish propolis (EEP) on testicular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage in rats in terms of biochemistry and histopathology, for the first time. METHODS A total of 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups with six rats in each group: control, torsion/detorsion (T/D), and T/D+EEP (100mg/kg). Testicular torsion was performed by 720° rotating the left testicle in a clockwise direction. The duration of ischemia was 4h and orchiectomy was performed after 2h of detorsion. EEP was applied only once 30min before detorsion. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were determined using colorimetric methods. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated by proportioning tissue TOS and TAS values to each other. Tissue glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Johnsen's testicle scoring system was used for histological evaluation. RESULTS In the T/D group, it was determined that statistically significant decreasing in TAS, GSH, GPx levels and Johnsen score, and increasing in TOS, OSI and MDA levels (p<0.05) compared with control group. EEP administration statistically significantly restored this I/R damage (p<0.05). CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that propolis prevent I/R-induced testicular damage through its antioxidant activity. More comprehensive studies are needed to see the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Ilke Onur Kazaz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Kerimoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Elif Ayazoglu Demir
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Macka Vocational High School, Karadeniz Technical University, 61750 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Fatih Colak
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ayse Firuze Biyik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yasin Cansever
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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Huang H, Zhang W, Su J, Zhou B, Han Q. Spermidine Retarded the Senescence of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro and In Vivo through SIRT3-Mediated Antioxidation. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:9672658. [PMID: 37234959 PMCID: PMC10208764 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9672658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) expand in vitro and undergo replicative senescence, thereby restricting their clinical utilization. Thus, an effective strategy is required to impede MSC senescence. Since spermidine (SPD) supplementation can prolong the lifespan of yeast by inhibiting oxidative stress, spermidine is a potential option for delaying MSC senescence. In this study, to test our hypothesis, we first isolated primary human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs). Subsequently, the appropriate SPD dose was administered during continuous cell cultivation. Next, we evaluated the antisenescence effects by SA-β-gal staining, Ki67 expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, adipogenic or osteogenic ability, senescence-associated markers, and DNA damage markers. The results revealed that early SPD intervention significantly delays the replicative senescence of hUCMSCs and constrains premature H2O2-induced senescence. Additionally, by silencing SIRT3, the SPD-mediated antisenescence effects disappear, further demonstrating that SIRT3 is necessary for SPD to exert its antisenescence effects on hUCMSCs. Besides, the findings of this study also suggest that SPD in vivo protects MSCs against oxidative stress and delays cell senescence. Thus, MSCs maintain the ability to proliferate and differentiate efficiently in vitro and in vivo, which reflects the potential clinical utilization of MSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- The Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Junjie Su
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Bisheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Qingjiang Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
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Volos L, Gorbatyuk O, Veselyi M, Veselyy S, Lavrov D, Hladkiy O, Usenko T. MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE GONADS OF CHILDREN 2-6 HOURS AFTER ACUTE UNILATERAL TESTICULAR TORSION. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:2351-2358. [PMID: 38112348 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202311102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To determine the morphological and immunohistochemical changes in the testes 2-6 hours after the onset of clinical symptoms of acute unilateral testicular torsion. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: A morphological and immunohistochemical study was conducted on biopsy samples of testicular tissues taken 2-6 hours after the onset of clinical symptoms of acute unilateral testicular torsion during detorsion and orchiopexy surgery in 27 adolescent patients. RESULTS Results: In cases of incomplete torsion (180-360°) and a disease duration of up to 2 hours, the seminiferous tubules maintained their normal structure. The convoluted seminiferous tubules showed minor damage during 4 hours of ischemia caused by testicular torsion of 360-450°, which was characterized by mild damage. Glycogen and neutral glycoproteins were preserved in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, and Sertoli cells, indicating that their intracellular metabolism was relatively preserved. The ischemia that lasted for 4 hours with testicular torsion of 450-720° was characterized by a moderate degree of gonadal damage. However, there was pronounced expression of vimentin and calretinin, and the presence of glycogen and neutral glycoproteins indicated functional activity of the gonads. A six-hour ischemia period with a 360-450° testicular torsion demonstrated 100% gonadal viability, with 50% of the seminiferous tubules preserved and 35% with minor damage. Severe damage to the spermatogenic epithelium was observed in 15% of seminiferous tubules, characterized by dystrophy of spermatogenic epithelial cells with signs of karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, vacuolization, hyperchromasia of cytoplasmic organelles, shedding of individual cells into the lumen of tubules, and focal necrosis. CONCLUSION Conclusions: 1. The degree of torsion and duration of symptoms are prognostic factors for testicular salvage in torsion episodes. Ischemia lasting up to 6 hours is characterized by a moderate degree of gonadal damage, and detorsion of the testicle performed within 6 hours from the onset of pathology allows for preservation of the testicle in 100% of cases. 2. Histological examination of the susceptibility of different cell types to ischemia reveals that Sertoli cells and spermatogonia are the most resistant, while spermatocytes and spermatids are more susceptible and prone to degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Volos
- DANYLO HALYTSKY LVIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, LVIV, UKRAINE
| | - Olga Gorbatyuk
- SHUPYK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE, KYIV, UKRAINE
| | - Mykyta Veselyi
- SHUPYK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE, KYIV, UKRAINE
| | - Sergiy Veselyy
- NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENSE OF UKRAINE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION «INSTITUTE OF URGENT AND RECOVERY SURGERY NAMED AFTER V.K.GUSAK», KYIV, UKRAINE
| | - Dmytro Lavrov
- KREMENCHUK REGIONAL ONCOLOGY HEALTH CENTER OF THE POLTAVA REGIONAL COUNCIL, KREMENCHUK, UKRAINE
| | - Oleksandr Hladkiy
- REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTRE OF FAMILY HEALTH «DNIPROPETROVSK REGIONAL COUNCIL», DNIPRO, UKRAINE
| | - Tetiana Usenko
- REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTRE OF FAMILY HEALTH «DNIPROPETROVSK REGIONAL COUNCIL», DNIPRO, UKRAINE
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13
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Hu S, Guo M, Xiao Y, Li Y, Luo Q, Li Z, Zhu C. Mapping trends and hotspot regarding testicular torsion: A bibliometric analysis of global research (2000-2022). Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1121677. [PMID: 36925671 PMCID: PMC10011162 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1121677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular torsion is an acute scrotal disorder requiring immediate emergency treatment. Ischemic injury and reperfusion injury are important causes of oxidative stress and irreversible oxidative damage after testicular torsion. Although a large number of literatures have discussed the causes and treatment of testicular torsion, there is currently a lack of systematic exploration of the historical evolution of testicular torsion and the construction of a knowledge framework. Method The Web of Science Core Collection was searched for studies on testicular torsion published between 2000 and 2022. The basic data of the literature were analyzed by using Excel and CiteSpace software. Result A total of 1,007 publications on testicular torsion published were found in 64 countries between 2000 and 2022, with an increasing annual publication level. Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of testicular torsion had always been at the core of clinical practice, and the pathological cascade reaction of ischemic injury and ischemia-reperfusion injury after testicular torsion were also at the core of basic research. Emphasis had been placed on the development of protective drugs for ischemia and reperfusion after testicular torsion in various countries, regions and institutions. Conclusion Over the past 20 years, the research on testicular torsion had been widely concerned. Hot topics in testicular torsion in recent years were ischemia-reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, rat, doppler ultrasonography, diagnosis and orchiectomy. This article may provide a useful resource for clinicians and basic researchers regarding testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Hu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mingjie Guo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yafei Xiao
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qingyang Luo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zun Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Sharifian P, Yari S, Hasanein P, Manteghi Nezhad Y. Conditioned medium of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improves sperm parameters and reduces histological alteration in rat testicular ischaemia/reperfusion model. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14624. [PMID: 36270637 DOI: 10.1111/and.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Testis ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) plays a vital role in male infertility. Recent studies have demonstrated that paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells exert the transplanted cells' reparative effects. The present experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of conditioned medium (CM) of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). In this study, 21 rats were separated into three groups of 7 animals: sham, I/R and I/R plus CM. Sperm parameters were measured at the end of this study. Moreover, histological parameters were examined. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay was done to assess the apoptotic cells. The count of adhered neutrophils was measured in subtunical venules. Testicular I/R led to a significant reduction in the viability and concentration of sperm and resulted in a significant elevation in the rate of abnormal sperms in comparison with sham. The CM-treated group demonstrated a significant reduction in the rate of abnormal sperm and a significant elevation in the viability and concentration of sperm compared with the I/R group. Based on the morphometric analysis, in the I/R group, epithelial thickness and seminiferous tubule diameter significantly decreased in comparison with sham. A significant reduction was seen between the I/R and sham groups regarding the mean testicular biopsy score (MTBS) value. However, an improvement was observed in the I/R + CM group MTBS value in comparison with the I/R group. TUNEL assay showed that the apoptotic cells in the seminiferous tubules belonging to the I/R group were significantly higher compared with the control. Nevertheless, apoptotic cells were reduced in the I/R + CM group compared with the I/R group. Results of the present study showed that CM of BMMSCs exerts protective effects on the testicular I/R damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parya Sharifian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Siamak Yari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Parisa Hasanein
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
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15
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Kazaz IO, Demir S, Kerimoglu G, Colak F, Turkmen Alemdar N, Yilmaz Dogan S, Bostan S, Mentese A. Chlorogenic acid ameliorates torsion/detorsion-induced testicular injury via decreasing endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Pediatr Urol 2022; 18:289.e1-289.e7. [PMID: 35279357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKROUND Testicular torsion (TT) is an urological emergency situation especially in adolescents and young men. The main pathophysiology of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) is ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. I/R induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) thought to play a critical role in tissue injury. Increasing evidence suggests that ER stress may play an important role in I/R-induced cell death. During ischemia, oxygen and glucose deprivation also causes abnormalities in protein folding processes. Antioxidants suppress oxidative stress directly as well as ER stress and thus gain importance in the treatment of pathologies associated with oxidative stress and ER stress, such as I/R damage. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) which is formed by the esterification of caffeic and quinic acids and is one of the most abundant phenolic acids in nature. There is also a growing body of studies reporting protective effects of CGA against I/R injury in different tissues, including intestinal, heart and brain. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of CGA on oxidative stress and ER stress in an experimental testicular I/R injury model. DESIGN Rats were divided into three groups: control, T/D, and T/D + CGA. In the T/D + CGA group, 100 mg/kg CGA was given intraperitoneally 30 min before detorsion. While tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined manually using a colorimetric method, tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), 78-kDa glucose regulatory protein (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) levels were determined enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Johnsen's testicle scoring system was used for histological evaluation. RESULTS In T/D group, tissue MDA, GRP78, ATF6 and CHOP levels were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). These increases were significantly reversed with CGA pre-treatment (p < 0.05). The histopathological Johnsen score was significantly lower in the T/D group compared to the control group, but the level of histopathological Johnsen score was significantly restored by CGA pre-treatment (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION The relationship between I/R injury and ER stress has been emphasized frequently in recent years. This study in which the effects of CGA on TT were examined for the first time, showed that CGA can inhibit I/R-induced testicular damage. CONCLUSION These results may provide a new insight into CGA and may form the first clinical theoretical basis for the possible use of CGA in the treatment of TT in the future. However, the real function of CGA in TT patients needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Onur Kazaz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Gokcen Kerimoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Fatih Colak
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Instute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey; Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey
| | - Sedanur Yilmaz Dogan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Serdar Bostan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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Cellat M, İşler CT, Uyar A, Kuzu M, Aydın T, Etyemez M, Türk E, Yavas I, Güvenç M. Protective effect of
Smilax excelsa
L. pretreatment via antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory effects, and activation of Nrf‐2/
HO
‐1 pathway in testicular torsion model. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14161. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Cellat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Cafer Tayer İşler
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Müslüm Kuzu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences Karabuk University Karabuk Türkiye
| | - Tuba Aydın
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Agri İbrahim Cecen University Agri Türkiye
| | - Muhammed Etyemez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Erdinç Türk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Ilker Yavas
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Mustafa Kemal University Antakya Türkiye
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Effect of Cerium Oxide on Kidney and Lung Tissue in Rats with Testicular Torsion/Detorsion. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3176455. [PMID: 35360513 PMCID: PMC8964164 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3176455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency that results in testicular ischemia as a result of rotation of the spermatic cord around itself. Oxidative damage occurs in the testis and distant organs with the overproduction of free radicals and overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines by reperfusion after surgery. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of cerium oxide (CeO2), an antioxidant nanoparticle, on lung and kidney tissues in testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) in rats. Materials and Methods After ethics committee approval, 24 rats were equally (randomly) divided into 4 groups. Left inguinoscrotal incision was performed in the control (C) group. In group CeO2, 0.5 mg/kg CeO2 was given intraperitoneally 30 minutes before inguinoscrotal incision. In group T/D, unilateral testicular T/D was achieved by performing an inguinoscrotal incision and rotating the left testis 720° clockwise, remaining ischemic for 120 minutes, followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. In group CeO2-T/D, 0.5 mg/kg CeO2 was given intraperitoneally 30 minutes before testicular T/D. At the end of the experiment, lung and kidney tissues were removed for histopathological and biochemical examinations. Results Glomerular vacuolization (GV), tubular dilatation (TD), tubular cell degeneration and necrosis (TCDN), leukocyte infiltration (LI), and tubular cell spillage (TCS) in renal tissue were significantly different between groups (p = 0.012, p = 0.049, p < 0.003, p = 0.046, and p = 0.049, respectively). GV and TCDN were significantly decreased in group CeO2-T/D compared to group T/D (p = 0.042 and p = 0.029, respectively). Lung tissue neutrophil infiltration, alveolar thickening, and total lung injury score (TLIS) were significantly different between groups (p = 0.006, p = 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively). Neutrophil infiltration and TLIS were significantly decreased in group CeO2-T/D compared to group T/D (p = 0.013 and p = 0.033, respectively). Lung and kidney tissue oxidative stress parameters were significantly different between groups (p < 0.05). Renal tissue glutathione-s-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and paraoxonase (PON) activities were significantly higher, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly lower in group CeO2-T/D than in group T/D (p = 0.049, p = 0.012, p < 0.001, and p = 0.004, respectively). GST and PON activities were higher, and MDA levels were lower in group CeO2-T/D than in group T/D in the lung tissue (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, and p = 0.008, respectively). Discussion. In our study, cerium oxide was shown to reduce histopathological and oxidative damage in the lung and kidney tissue in a rat testis torsion/detorsion model.
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Kazaz IO, Demir S, Kerimoglu G, Colak F, Alemdar NT, Akman AU, Cekuc OC, Mentese A. Effect of Chrysin on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in a Rat Model of Testicular Torsion. J INVEST SURG 2021; 35:1106-1111. [PMID: 34906035 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2021.2015489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible therapeutic effect of chrysin (CHS) on testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) injury in vivo through the mechanisms of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). METHODS Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups of six subjects in each group: control, T/D and T/D + CHS (100 mg/kg). To evaluate the degree of oxidative stress, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were determined using colorimetric methods, while tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were determined using an ELISA kit. To evaluate the degree of ERS, tissue glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) levels were determined using ELISA kits. Johnsen's testicle scoring system was used for histological evaluation. RESULTS In the T/D group, it is determined that statistically significant decreasing in the levels of TAS, SOD and Johnsen score, and increasing in TOS, MDA, GRP78, ATF6 and CHOP levels compared to control group (p < 0.05). CHS administration statistically significantly restored this T/D-induced damage (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that CHS prevent T/D-induced testicular damage through its ERS inhibitor activity. More comprehensive studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2021.2015489 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Onur Kazaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selim Demir
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Kerimoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Fatih Colak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nihal Turkmen Alemdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Instute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.,Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ugur Akman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ozan Can Cekuc
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Khashab F, Al-Saleh F, Al-Kandari N, Fadel F, Al-Maghrebi M. JAK Inhibition Prevents DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Modulation of the ATM/ATR/Chk Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413390. [PMID: 34948185 PMCID: PMC8706947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular ischemia reperfusion injury (tIRI) causes oxidative stress-induced DNA damage leading to germ cell apoptosis (GCA). The aim of the study is to establish a direct link between JAK2 activation and the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathways and their role in tIRI-induced GCA using AG490, a JAK2 specific inhibitor. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 36) were divided into three groups: sham, unilateral tIRI and tIRI + AG490 (40 mg/kg). During tIRI, augmentation in the phosphorylation levels of the JAK2/STAT1/STAT3 was measured by immunohistochemistry. Observed spermatogenic arrest was explained by the presence of considerable levels of DSB, AP sites and 8OHdG and activation of caspase 9, caspase 3 and PARP, which were measured by colorimetric assays and TUNEL. The ATM/Chk2/H2AX and ATR/Chk1 pathways were also activated as judged by their increased phosphorylation using Western blot. These observations were all prevented by AG490 inhibition of JAK2 activity. Our findings demonstrate that JAK2 regulates tIRI-induced GCA, oxidative DNA damage and activation of the ATM/Chk2/H2AX and ATR/Chk1 DDR pathways, but the cell made the apoptosis decision despite DDR efforts.
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20
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Maadi MA, Minas A, Sepehri Vafa R, Tabatabaei-Naeini A, Bertolla RP. Apoptotic balance during testicular detorsion after one hour induced torsion in rats. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14349. [PMID: 34881450 DOI: 10.1111/and.14349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion (TT) is an emergency complication that leads to oxidative stress and adversely affects spermatogenesis. Although immediate treatment consists of testicular detorsion (TD) to reverse TT-induced ischemia, mechanisms underlying recovery have yet to be fully understood. The current study aimed to investigate TD effects after a one-hour experimental TT by evaluating testicular antioxidant status and apoptosis-related proteins. Forty male Wistar rats were submitted to TT by testicular rotation, for one hour. Following TT, 32 rats were submitted to TD for 1, 2, 4, and 8 h (N = 8/group), the other 8 rats euthanized as TT-only. For controls, 8 rats were sham-operated. Testicular tissues were aseptically dissected for biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemistry analyses. The TD groups, especially after 4 h of TD, exhibited diminished MDA and increased TAC and GPX levels in testicular tissue. Levels of p53 and Caspase-3 were down-regulated in T1D4 and T1D8 groups versus torsion group. Bcl-2 was increased in T1D4 and T1D8 groups compared to the TT group. Moreover, spermatogenesis was recovered in T1D4 and T1D8 groups compared to the TT group. It can be concluded that after 1 h TT in rats, at least 4 h post-TD is needed for testicular tissue to initiate recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Maadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aram Minas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rezvan Sepehri Vafa
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Ricardo Pimenta Bertolla
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Aydogdu I, Karaca E, Coban G, Cay A, Guler EM, Kocyigit A, Uzun E, Aydoğdu YE, Metin H, Miçooğullari U, Ilbey YO, Keskin MZ. An investigation of the effects of amniotic fluid on experimental ischemia/reperfusion damage in rat testes. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:761.e1-761.e6. [PMID: 34518124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various agents have been tested as preventive treatments for ischemia/reperfusion (IR) damage. In this study, we have investigated for the first time in the literature the efficacy of injection of amniomax (AMX) into testicular parenchyma, which is a commercial medium of rat amniotic fluid, in preventing testicular IR damage related to testicular torsion. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate whether or not amniomax has an effect on experimental IR damage in rat testes using biochemical and histopathological methods based on data in the literature. Even if testicular torsion is repaired surgically in early term injury because of de IR damage still occurs. Is it possible to reduce the ischemia reperfusion injury with amniotic fluid and increase the success of treatment? STUDY DESIGN 40 male Wistar albino rats were included. Four groups were formed with 10 rats in each group: Sham, Ischemia/Reperfusion (IR), injection 1 min before detorsion (AMX-BD), injection 1 min after detorsion (AMX-AD). Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) were computed for oxidative stress, and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) levels were computed for the antioxidant system, for both serum and tissue. Necrosis and microcalcification levels were assessed in the evaluation of testicular histology. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS AMX-AD group has low necrosis degree than IR, Mean serum and tissue levels of TAS, TOS, and OSI parameters were respectively determined as; for TAS: 0.64 ± 0.11 and 0.96 ± 0.25 mmol Trolox Equivalent/L; for TOS: 6.71 ± 0.87 and 9.40 ± 1.03 μmol H2O2 equivalent/L; for OSI: 11.94 ± 3.74 and 10.70 ± 4.23 arbitrary unit. DISCUSSION Our study has investigated for the first time in the literature the efficacy of amniotic fluid in preventing testicular IR damage, and used amniomax (AMX) for this purpose. The limitation of our study may be the small number of rat in the groups. CONCLUSION We think an injection after detorsion is more favorable considering that the AMX-AD group demonstrated significantly lower levels of TOS in serum and tissue and OSI in serum, and significantly higher serum levels of TAS compared to the AMX-BD group, as well as the fact that the morphological protection effect was only observed for injections performed immediately after detorsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Aydogdu
- Bezmialem Vakif University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Erkin Karaca
- Izmir Saglik Bilimleri University, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ganime Coban
- Bezmialem Vakif University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ali Cay
- Bezmialem Vakif University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Eray Metin Guler
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Bezmialem Vakif University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ersan Uzun
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Hüseyin Metin
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Scgool of Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Uygar Miçooğullari
- Izmir Saglik Bilimleri University, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Ozlem Ilbey
- Izmir Saglik Bilimleri University, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Zeynel Keskin
- Izmir Saglik Bilimleri University, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Izmir, Turkey.
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Long-term protective effects of the combination of intermittent reperfusion and hypothermia on reperfusion injury in an experimental testicular torsion model. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:2037-2044. [PMID: 33279218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are many significantfactors in testicular injury which determine the prognosis in testicular torsion. Reperfusion injury following detorsion also has a significant effect on testicular injury.This study was planned considering that with the implementation of intermittent reperfusion and hypothermia, reperfusion injury can be reduced, and such an application might have a positive effect on testicular tissue in the long term. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty adult male rats were divided into five groups as follows: Sham(Sh)(n = 8), Torsion(T)(n = 8), Intermittent reperfusion(IR)(n = 8), Hypothermia(H)(n = 8), and Intermittent reperfusion+hypothermia(IR+H)(n = 8). Except forGroup Sh, the left testicle was taken out of the scrotum in all groups, rotated three times counterclockwise, fixed back in the scrotum, and left for four hours.After four hours, and just before reperfusion, the testicle's detorsion was performed while holding the vascular structures in the proximal part of the torsed segment with an atraumatic vessel clamp, and thus, not allowing reperfusion in Groups T, IR, H, and IR+H. In Group T, the clamp was released immediately. In Group H, an ice-bag cooling was performed around the testis, and the clamp was released when the tissue temperature was reached and kept constant at 4 °C. In Group IR, the clamp was released, allowing reperfusion of five seconds, followed by reclamping, providing an ischemic status for ten seconds; this procedure was repeated ten times. In Group H+IR,an ice-bag cooling was performed around the testis, and the clamp was released when the tissue temperature was reached and kept constant at 4 °C. Then, reperfusion was applied for 5 s, followed by 10 s ischemia with reclamping. This procedure was repeated ten times.Tissue blood flow was provided for60 days of reperfusion in all groups. After 60 days, both testicles were excised under anesthesia in all living rats, and samples ofthe left testicle werereserved for biochemical and pathological examinations. At the end of the procedure, all animals were sacrificed by a high dose of anesthesia. RESULTS It was biochemically and histopathologically determined that the tissues were preserved in the experimental groups compared to Group T, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05).However, no experimental group's superiority over each other was determined both biochemically and histopathologically (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our long-term experimental study revealed that all methods were protective in testicular torsion. The authors believe that these methods can be applied in clinical practice because of their ease of application and no additional cost. On the other hand, the results of our study should further be supported by other experimental studies.
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Afolabi O, Alabi B, Omobowale T, Oluranti O, Iwalewa O. Cysteamine mitigates torsion/detorsion-induced reperfusion injury via inhibition of apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in experimental rat model. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14243. [PMID: 34498746 DOI: 10.1111/and.14243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis are major pathways in pathophysiology of testicular torsion/detorsion (TTDT) reperfusion injury. This study evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic role of cysteamine in TTDT-induced injury. Male Wistar rats (n = 32) were grouped into four (n = 8): sham, ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), cysteamine (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) for in vivo study. Samples were taken for biomolecular and histological evaluation 48 hr after detorsion. Tissue SOD, GPx, GSH, GST activity, total thiol, H2 O2 and MDA were assessed. Serum levels of NO, MPO, TNF-alpha and IL-6 and sperm motility, count and viability were assessed. Caspase-3 and bax were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Significant difference was set as p < .05. Significant increase in H2 O2, MDA and nitrite but reduction in SOD, GPx, GSH, GST and total thiol in the testicular tissue of IRI rats was reversed by cysteamine. Serum MPO and TNF-α were significantly elevated in RI, while treated-RI rats showed decrease (p < .05) in tissue level of the inflammation markers. Reduced sperm motility in RI was significantly reversed by cysteamine. Increased tissue expression of bax and caspase-3 was reversed by cysteamine. Cysteamine protected the testis against reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects and inhibition of apoptosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladele Afolabi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Alabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Olugbenga Iwalewa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Kohsaka T, Yoneda Y, Yoshida T, Minagawa I, Pitia AM, Iwasawa A, Ikegaya N. Relaxin exerts a protective effect during ischemia-reperfusion in the rat model. Andrology 2021; 10:179-189. [PMID: 34435470 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular torsion, which causes ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, is a serious urological emergency that can lead to testicular dysfunction, including infertility, primarily among newborn and pubertal males; thus, effective drugs should be administered during or after ischemia. OBJECTIVES Using a rat model of testicular IR injury, the present study investigated the protective effects of relaxin (RLN) against oxidative stress, testicular dysfunction, inflammation, histological damage, arrested spermatogenesis, and germ cell apoptosis as well as explored the usefulness of RLN as a potential protective drug for IR injury combined with surgical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left testicular ischemia for 2 h, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. They were subsequently divided into three groups: sham, IR, and IR + RLN groups. Porcine RLN (500 ng/h) or saline was infused using an implanted osmotic mini-pump 90 min after inducing ischemia. The RLN dose used herein was that which resulted in serum RLN levels comparable to those in mid-pregnant rats based on previous studies. RESULTS Testicular IR increased germ cell apoptosis and histological damage as well as promoted disorganized and arrested spermatogenesis, accompanied by a significant increase in oxidative stress and inflammation. However, RLN administration ameliorated the adverse consequences associated with IR injury by attenuating oxidative stress and mitigating apoptosis and inflammation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The study findings clearly demonstrated that RLN exerts a protective effect against IR-induced testicular injury by attenuating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation, suggesting that RLN together with surgical treatment is a potentially efficacious approach toward ameliorating testicular dysfunction following testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kohsaka
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Yoshida
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Itaru Minagawa
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ali M Pitia
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwasawa
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Naoki Ikegaya
- Department of Medicine, Yaizu Municipal General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
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Jafari A, Ghasemnejad-Berenji H, Nemati M, Pashapour S, Sadeghpour S, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Beneficial effects of memantine on ischemia/reperfusion injury following torsion/detorsion induced testicular damage in rats: Improvement in histological and biochemical parameters. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:441.e1-441.e7. [PMID: 33992528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testicular torsion is a common urologic emergency and one of the causes of infertility in males. Hence, prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent testicular damages. It has been reported that memantine, a drug for Alzheimer's disease has anti-oxidative role against cerebral ischemic stroke and cardiac ischemia reperfusion. OBJECTIVE In this experimental study, the effects of memantine on a testicular torsion injury in adolescent rat testis after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-six adolescent rats were divided into three groups with 12 rats per group including sham-operated, T/D (torsion/detorsion) + vehicle, and T/D + memantine (10 mg/kg). Testicular torsion was induced for 2 h by rotating right testis 7200 in the clockwise direction. In treated group 30 min before detorsion, a single intraperitoneal dose of memantine was administered. After 4 h of reperfusion, orchiectomy was conducted and Histopathological and biochemical evaluations of testicular tissue samples were performed. RESULTS The malondialdehyde level in the T/D group was significantly greater than in the sham operated group. Moreover, the testicular malondialdehyde values in the T/D + memantine group were significantly lower than in the T/D group. Also, significant decreases occurred in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the T/D group compared with sham operated group. These values were significantly greater in the memantine group than in the T/D group. Furthermore, after induction of T/D, histopathological evaluations also revealed severe testicular damages which were improved by memantine administration. DISCUSSION Memantine prevented increases in oxidative stress markers and reductions of antioxidants during I/R injury in the current study. Subsequently the histologic injury was reduced in rats treated with memantine. The antioxidant characteristics of memantine and its protective effects have been shown in our study. CONCLUSION These results suggest that administration of memantine before detorsion prevents I/R cellular damage in testicular torsion. This drug probably acts through reduction of reactive oxygen species and support antioxidant enzyme systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Jafari
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hojat Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Nemati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sarvin Pashapour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sonia Sadeghpour
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Shamsi-Gamchi N, Razi M, Behfar M. Cross-link between mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle checkpoint proteins after experimental torsion and detorsion in rats. Gene 2021; 795:145793. [PMID: 34175398 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The current study assessed the cross-link between mitochondria-related apoptosis and cell cycle machinery systems during ischemia and reperfusion in a rat model of testicular torsion and detorsion. The Wistar male rats were divided into control, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h testicular torsion-induced, and 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h testicular detorsion-induced groups. The Johnson's score was analyzed. The mRNA and protein contents of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Cyclin D1, Cdk4, P21 and P53 were investigated by sqRT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The apoptosis index was analyzed by TUNEL staining. The mRNA levels of bax, p53, p21 and cyclin D1 were increased, and the mRNA levels of bcl-2 and cdk4 were decreased in torsion and reperfusion-induced groups, time-dependently. The caspase-3 mRNA was increased in torsion-induced and diminished in detorsion-induced groups. A time-dependent reduction in Bcl-2+, Caspase-3+, Cyclin D1+, Cdk4+ and P53+ and increment in P21+ cells distribution per mm2 of tissue were revealed after torsion and detorsion. The apoptosis index was increased after torsion and decreased after detorsion. In conclusion, torsion-induced severe DNA damage stimulates the cyclin D1, p53 and p21 mRNA expression while more than 8 h is needed to reveal them as protein content in testicular tissue. About detorsion, decreased Cyclin D1 and Cdk4 proteins and the P53-induced transcriptional effect on p21 expression, stimulates the p21 bind to cdk4 and consequent failure in Cyclin D1/Cdk4 complex formation. This situation in association with apoptotic genes results in spermatogenesis failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeimeh Shamsi-Gamchi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Comparative Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Comparative Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Behfar
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Kölükçü E, Atılgan D, Uluocak N, Deresoy FA, Katar M, Unsal V. Milrinone ameliorates ischaemia-reperfusion injury in experimental testicular torsion/detorsion rat model. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14128. [PMID: 34091938 DOI: 10.1111/and.14128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This experimental study aims to evaluate the efficacy of milrinone against ischaemia-reperfusion injury due to testicular torsion/detorsion. Group 1 was defined as the control group. Testicular torsion/detorsion model was performed in Group 2. Group 3 had similar procedures to the rats in Group 2. In addition, 0.5 mg/kg of milrinone was administered intraperitoneally immediately after testicular torsion in Group 3. Histopathological examinations indicated a dramatic improvement in terms of inflammation, haemorrhage, oedema, congestion, Cosentino and Johnson scores in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p = .037, p = .045, p = .018, p = .040, p = .033 and p = .03 respectively). Blood biochemical analyses, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels increased significantly in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p = .001, p = .024 and p < .001). Malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels decreased in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p = .001, p = .018, p < .001, p = .036 and p = .002 respectively). Tissue biochemical analyses determined an increase in SOD and GSH-px activity in Group 3 compared to Group 2, while PC and MDA levels were reduced (p = .001, p < .001, p = .038 and p < .001 respectively). Milrinone attenuates ischaemia-reperfusion injury that causes highly harmful effects due to testicular torsion/detorsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engin Kölükçü
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Doğan Atılgan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Nihat Uluocak
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Faik Alev Deresoy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Katar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Velid Unsal
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Central Research Laboratory, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
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Unsal V, Kolukcu E, Gevrek F, Firat F. Sinapic acid reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury due to testicular torsion/detorsion in rats. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14117. [PMID: 34081348 DOI: 10.1111/and.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of sinapic acid (SA) on biochemical and histopathological changes in an experimental testicular torsion-detorsion rat model. Twenty-four rats were randomised into four groups: sham group, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) group subjected to testicular torsion for 2 hr and then detorsion for 4 hr, and two groups treated with SA1 and SA2 (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, by single intraperitoneal injection, 30 min before reperfusion). Serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured by an autoanalyzer, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), and nitric oxide (NO) oxidative stress parameters by spectrophotometric methods, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) parameters by the Elisa method. In addition, immunohistochemical and histopathological examinations were performed on testicular tissues. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serum testosterone, FSH and LH levels (p > .05). SA significantly reduced increased testicular damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death and also restored decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (p < .05). Pre-treatment of rats with SA reduced testicular dysfunction and morphological changes IRI. SA's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties were found to be protective against testicular IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velid Unsal
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Central Research Laboratory, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Engin Kolukcu
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fikret Gevrek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fatih Firat
- Department of Urology, Tokat State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey
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Karakuş SC, Süzen A, Yenisey Ç, Ertürk N, Epikmen T, İpek E, User İR, Abas Bİ. The effect of hypothermia in a rat testicular torsion/detorsion model. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:291.e1-291.e8. [PMID: 33610458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular torsion is an emergent condition. The protective effect of medical hypothermia in ischemia/reperfusion injury is well defined. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the late results of hypothermia through a rat testicular torsion/detorsion model compatible with human testicular torsion. STUDY DESIGN Rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 7): (1)Sham (S) group, (2)T/D group: right testis was torted for 1-h, (3)T/D + H30 group: hypothermia at 4 °C was applied for 30 min before detorsion, (4)T/D + H90 group: hypothermia at 4 °C was applied for a total of 90 min (30 min before and 1-h after detorsion), (5)H group: hypothermia at 4 °C was applied to right testis for 90 min. Testicular diameters at preoperative period and 8th postoperative week were measured. Biochemically, MPO, NO, 3-NT and 4-HNE in testicular tissue and serum levels of NO, PGF 2α, 3-NT, 8-OHdG and 4-HNE were studied. Histopathologic examination and TUNEL assay were also performed. RESULTS Biochemical and macroscopical parameters of both T/D + H30 and T/D + H90 groups were statistically different from group T/D with respect to protective effects of hypothermia. Johnsen's score was also statistically different in group T/D + H90. DISCUSSION Hypothermia can easily be applied with ice bags both in perioperative period. This is the first study evaluating the effect of hypothermia applied postoperatively. Tissue level of protein oxidation marker (3-NT) and serum levels of DNA damage (8-OHdG), lipid peroxidation (4-HNE), protein oxidation (3-NT) and oxidative stress (PGF-2α) markers were measured for the first time. CONCLUSIONS Hypothermia has been shown to be macroscopically, biochemically and histopathologically beneficial in the long-term experimental testicular torsion model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Cüneyt Karakuş
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - Alev Süzen
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Yenisey
- Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Nazile Ertürk
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Tuğrul Epikmen
- Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Emrah İpek
- Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Aydın, Turkey
| | - İdil Rana User
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burçin İrem Abas
- Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aydın, Turkey
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Shahedi A, Talebi AR, Mirjalili A, Pourentezari M. Protective effects of curcumin on chromatin quality, sperm parameters, and apoptosis following testicular torsion-detorsion in mice. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2021; 48:27-33. [PMID: 33648042 PMCID: PMC7943345 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2020.03853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The chief outcome of testicular torsion in clinical and experimental contexts is testicular ischemia. Curcumin, a compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has fascinated researchers and clinicians for its promise in the treatment of fertility diseases. Methods Thirty-five fully grown male mice were randomly classified into five groups: control, sham, testicular torsion, treatment group 1 (testicular torsion+short-term curcumin), and treatment group 2 (testicular torsion+long-term curcumin). Thirty-five days later, spermatozoa from the right cauda epididymis were analyzed with regard to count and motility. Toluidine blue (TB), aniline blue (AB), and chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining assays were used to evaluate the sperm chromatin integrity. In addition, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) test was used to assess apoptosis. Result Treatment group 1 exhibited a remarkably elevated sperm count compared to the testicular torsion group. Additionally, notably lower sperm motility was found in the testicular torsion group compared to the control, treatment 1, and treatment 2 groups. Staining (CMA3, AB, and TB) and the TUNEL test indicated significantly greater testicular torsion in the torsion group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The data also revealed notably lower results of all sperm chromatin assays and lower apoptosis in both treatment groups relative to the testicular torsion group (p<0.05). Significantly elevated (p<0.05) AB and TB results were noted in treatment group 1 compared to treatment group 2. Conclusion Curcumin can compensate for the harmful effects of testicular ischemia and improve sperm chromatin quality in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shahedi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Talebi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Aghdas Mirjalili
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Majid Pourentezari
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Degirmentepe RB, Altunrende F, Bozkurt M, Merder E, Otunctemur A, Sonmez K, Yildirim F, Ada S, Isman FK, Cekmen MB. Protective effect of liraglutide on experimental testicular ischaemia reperfusion in rats. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14000. [PMID: 33550644 DOI: 10.1111/and.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of liraglutide on experimental testicular ischaemia reperfusion in rats in terms of biochemistry, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. A total of 28 male Wistar-Albino rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: control (7), sham (7), ischaemia-reperfusion (7) and ischaemia-reperfusion + liraglutide (7). Biochemically, Nitric Oxide, Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase and Catalase levels were measured in the testis. Apoptosis protease activating factor-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity were evaluated immunohistochemically as well. Statistical analyses were made via the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. In the reperfusion group, CAT and SOD values were increased (p > .05), NO and MDA values were decreased (p < .05) after administration of liraglutide. In addition, GPx values were significantly increased in ischaemia reperfusion + liraglutide administered group compared to reperfusion group (p < .05). Apaf-1 and iNOS activity were significantly decreased with the addition of liraglutide treatment to the ischaemia-reperfusion group (p < .05). First of all, we would like to say that liraglutide treatment is moderately preventive against I/R injury in testicular torsion. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of liraglutide are create a moderately protective effect as we show in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatih Altunrende
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muammer Bozkurt
- Department of Urology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Merder
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Otunctemur
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kivilcim Sonmez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Funda Yildirim
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saniye Ada
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferruh K Isman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa B Cekmen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
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KABAKLIOĞLU M, ERÖZ R, KAYA M. Evaluation of the Effects of Rapamycin Treatment on Antioxidant Enzyme Changes and AgNOR in Testicular Torsion. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.845245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zhou Y, Yang L, Bo C, Zhang X, Zhang J, Li Y. MicroRNA-9-3p Aggravates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Targeting Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19) to Inactivate GSK-3β/Nrf2/ARE Signaling. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1989-2002. [PMID: 34177264 PMCID: PMC8219303 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s290237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as essential regulators in the development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed to explore the regulation of miR-9-3p on FGF19-GSK-3β/Nrf2/ARE signaling in cerebral I/R injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse model with I/R injury was constructed by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and an HT22 cell model was established by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). The expression of miR-9-3p was detected by RT-qPCR. Protein expression of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), cleaved caspase-3, and GSK-3β signaling-related proteins (p-GSK-3β and Nrf2) were detected by Western blot. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Oxidative stress was detected by commercial kits. The target of miR-9-3p was predicted by TargetScan and confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-9-3p on GSK-3β/Nrf2/ARE signaling were assessed by rescue experiments. RESULTS MiR-9-3p was significantly upregulated in brain tissues of MCAO/R-treated mice and OGD/R-treated HT22 cells. Downregulation of miR-9-3p attenuated infarct volume and neurological outcomes of MCAO/R-treated mice in vivo and OGD/R-induced cell injury and oxidative stress in vitro, while overexpression of miR-9-3p showed the opposite effects. MiR-9-3p directly bound to the 3'-untranslated region of FGF19 and negatively regulated its expression. Inhibition of miR-9-3p enhanced GSK-3β/Nrf2/ARE signaling-mediated antioxidant response, while this effect was partially eliminated by FGF19 or Nrf2 silencing. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that inhibition of miR-9-3p protects against cerebral I/R injury through activating GSK-3β/Nrf2/ARE signaling-mediated antioxidant responses by targeting FGF19, providing a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Zhou
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Hospital Infection Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Bo
- Department of Emergency, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianjing Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Emergency, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Kabaklıoğlu M, Kaya M, Şahin IE, Gamsızkan M, Bahçıvan A, Eröz R. Short- and long-term effects of rapamycin on ischemic damage and apoptotic changes in torsion of rat testes. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:85-94. [PMID: 32813042 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rapamycin has antioxidant defense mechanisms and immune suppressive effects. To detect the short- and long-term effects of rapamycin on ischemic damage and apoptotic changes in torsion of rat testes, mature male albino Wistar rats (n = 48) were included in the study as control, sham, early torsion-detorsion (T/D), early rapamycin treatment, early rapamycin control, late T/D, late rapamycin treatment, and late rapamycin control. The right testis was rotated 720° in a clockwise direction during 4 h in operation groups. Rapamycin was administered orally three times: 30 min before detorsion and 24 and 48 h after detorsion. The animals were killed on the third day in early groups and on the tenth day in late groups after detorsion. Statistically significant differences among all groups were detected for SOD and TBARS, mean seminiferous tubule diameter (MSTD) and Cosentino's histologic score (CHS), caspase 3, bax, average number of apoptotic cells per tubule (ANPCT), and percentage of apoptotic tubule (PAT) values. ANPCT values were 10% lower in the rapamycin treatment groups compared with the untreated T/D groups, and the PAT values were also approximately 1.3 times lower. Although short-term usage of rapamycin may reduce to the tubular injury caused by I/R conversely to apoptosis in the testicular tissue after testicular torsion, rapamycin may have the potential to increase the long-term apoptosis with/without testicular torsion and a subsequent regression in fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kabaklıoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey.
| | - Murat Kaya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ethem Şahin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gamsızkan
- Department of Medical Pathology, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Atike Bahçıvan
- Department of Medical Pathology, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Recep Eröz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Duzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey
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Ayengin K, Alp HH, Huyut Z, Yıldırım S, Altındag F, Avci V. The effects of CoQ10 supplement on matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative DNA damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines in testicular ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13839. [PMID: 33368479 DOI: 10.1111/and.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to study the effect of coenzyme Q10 on pro-inflammatory cytokine, matrix metalloproteinase, oxidative DNA damage, caspase 3 and caspase 8 in ischaemia/reperfusion injury led to by testicular torsion/detorsion. Our research is a controlled experimental animal research using rats. This study was conducted with fifty-six adult male Albino Wistar rats. Interleucine-1β, 2, 6, 10, tumour necrosis factor-α, matrix metalloproteinase-2, 3, 9, 13, tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-1, 2, malondialdehyde and leucocyte 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine/106 deoxyguanosine was detected in serum and tissue samples. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis of caspase 2 and caspase 8 was performed. In testicular I/R injury, especially 24 hr after detorsion, oxidative damage pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases were increased. At the coenzyme Q10 group, a meaningful decrease was observed in these parameters. In addition, a decrease in the expression of caspase3 and caspase 8 was viewed in coenzyme Q10-treated groups. The coenzyme Q10 has beneficial effects on oxidative damage, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, remodelling of extracellular matrix and apoptosis in testicular I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Ayengin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Hamit Hakan Alp
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Huyut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fikret Altındag
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Veli Avci
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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Kölükçü E, Firat F, Deresoy FA, Katar M, Atılgan D. The effects of pirfenidone on ischaemia-reperfusion injury in testicular torsion-induced rat model. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13922. [PMID: 33244780 DOI: 10.1111/and.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of pirfenidone against ischaemia-reperfusion injury occurring after detorsion in rats with induced testicular torsion model. Group 1 was assigned as the control group. Group 2 first had testis torsion performed, and then, testicular detorsion was performed. Group 3 had similar procedures to the rats in Group 2. Rats in Group 3 additionally had 325 mg/kg pirfenidone administered immediately after ischaemia. The blood samples were analysed spectrophotometrically. To determine the intensity of tissue injury, haemorrhage, oedema and congestion levels were evaluated with direct microscopic investigation of testis. Seminiferous tubule architecture, spermatogenesis processes and germ cell maturation were graded by Johnsen and Cosentino scoring systems. In Group 3, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities increased compared with Group 2 (p:.03 and p:.049 respectively). Additionally, the mean malondialdehyde (MDA) value was higher in Group 2 compared with the other groups (p:.001). Histopathological investigation of rats in Group 3 identified positive changes in haemorrhage, oedema and congestion levels compared with Group 2 (p:.031, p:.048, p:.044 respectively). Similarly, Johnsen and Cosentino scores were positively affected in Group 3 (p:.033, p:.032 respectively). Pirfenidone is protective against testicular oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engin Kölükçü
- Department of Urology, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fatih Firat
- Department of Urology, Tokat State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey
| | | | - Muzaffer Katar
- Department of Biochemistry, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Doğan Atılgan
- Department of Urology, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Ekşi E, Yalçın Cömert HS, Imamoğlu M, Alver A, Aydin Mungan S, Sarıhan H. Effects of myricetin on testicular torsion-detorsion injury in rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13775. [PMID: 32786086 DOI: 10.1111/and.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is an emergency, and unless there is an urgent intervention, irreversible ischaemic damage and gonad loss occur in the testicle. We aimed to investigate myricetin's antioxidant properties as well as its protective effect against ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage in the testicular torsion model. A total of 18 rats were divided into three equal groups. Group 1 was the sham group. Group 2: testicular torsion was performed, and orchiectomy was done 2 hr after detorsion. Group 3: received torsion and 1 mg/kg intraperitoneal myricetin was given 30 min before detorsion, and orchiectomy was applied 2 hr after detorsion. We evaluated tissue malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels and Johnsen Testicular Biopsy Score to show its histopathological effect. There was a statistically significant decrease in MDA values in myricetin group compared to Group 2 (p < .017). There was no significant difference in the statistical analysis of SOD and CAT values (p = .337 and p = .025). There was a statistically significant difference in testicular I/R damage in the myricetin group compared to Group 1 and Group 2 (p < .017). Myricetin treatment significantly decreased testicular tissue damage compared to the torsion group but did not reach the values close to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Ekşi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery of Gumushane Hospital, Gumushane, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Imamoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alver
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sevdegül Aydin Mungan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Haluk Sarıhan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Bo X, Wang P, Nie Y, Li R, Lu J, Wang H. Protective effect of hypothermia and vitamin E on spermatogenic function after reduction of testicular torsion in rats. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:796-801. [PMID: 32765649 PMCID: PMC7388547 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of hypothermia and vitamin E on spermatogenic function after reduction of testicular torsion in rats. Ninety-six pure inbred male SD rats were divided into group A, B, C and D according to the principle of body weight and birth similarity, with 24 rats in each group. Four groups of rats were respectively twisted on the left testis to establish unilateral testicular torsion rats. Rats in groups A, B, C, D were respectively given normal saline, hypothermia therapy, vitamin E therapy, and hypothermia and vitamin E therapy. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the four groups were detected, and the correlation levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β, hs-CRP and related sex hormones luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (T) were detected by ELISA. Apoptosis of spermatogenic cells of testis in the four groups was detected by flow cytometry. SOD activity and MDA content in groups B, C and D were significantly higher than those in group A, MDA content was significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05), SOD activity in group D was higher than that in groups B and C, while MDA content was lower than that in groups B and C (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β and hs-CRP in group A were much higher than those in groups B, C and D (P<0.05). LH and FSH levels in group A were significantly higher than those in groups B, C and D (P<0.05), and in group D were significantly lower than those in groups B and C (P<0.05). Apoptosis rate of spermatogenic cells in group A was significantly higher than that in groups B, C and D (P<0.05). Hypothermia combined with vitamin E can reverse testicular injury in rats and reduce the apoptosis rate of spermatogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Bo
- Department of Urology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Operation Room, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Yan Nie
- Health Management Section and 4Department of Dermatology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Rongfen Li
- Department of Urology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Jiru Lu
- Department of Urology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257091, P.R. China
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Seker U, Nergiz Y, Aktas A, Akkus M, Ozmen MF, Uyar E, Soker S. Trolox is more successful than allopurinol to reduce degenerative effects of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J Pediatr Urol 2020; 16:465.e1-465.e8. [PMID: 32595071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reperfusion surgery following testicular ischemia is a reproductive health threatening status and may result with organ dysfunction in men. The high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cease of blood flow to the testis are the most important reasons of this testicular injury. Until today, numerous experimental studies reported that antioxidants might be efficient to alleviate oxidative stress induced organ dysfunction. For this purpose, in this study, we have investigated the protective effects of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor, allopurinol, and ROS scavenger, trolox, in a comparative perspective in testicular ischemia reperfusion injury subjected rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups of seven animals in each; control, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), allopurinol and trolox. The rats in control group did not receive any application. Animals in I/R, allopurinol and trolox groups were subjected to 2 h testicular reperfusion injury following 5 h ischemia. Intraperitoneally (i.p.) 1 ml isotonic, 200 mg/kg allopurinol and 50 mg/kg trolox were administered to the animals in these groups 30 min prior reperfusion. At the end of experiment, all animals were sacrificed and blood serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Histological sections were obtained from the testis and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cleaved caspase-3. Apoptotic index was evaluated with TUNEL Assay. RESULTS Severe morphological degenerations, increased serum MDA, cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL Assay positivity rate, but reduced PCNA positivity rate was observed in ischemia and reperfusion group. Morphological degenerations, MDA level, apoptotic index and PCNA positive cell rate were slightly alleviated in allopurinol administered animals compared with ischemia and reperfusion group. Protection with trolox was more successful and the results of the analysis were similar to the control group. DISCUSSION Ischemia that leading to testicular torsion is a reproductive health affecting problem and current surgical treatment methods might be insufficient to recover testis. Various types of ROS generating mechanisms in cell are limiting protective potency of allopurinol, and cocktail administration of different ROS inhibitors might be more effective. However, our results indicate that free radical scavenger trolox might be a candidate drug to alleviate degenerative effects of testicular ischemia reperfusion injury. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study that demonstrates antioxidant trolox was more successful than XO inhibitor allopurinol to protect testis against ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Seker
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Nergiz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Turkey
| | - Ayfer Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Turkey
| | - Murat Akkus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ferit Ozmen
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Turkey
| | - Emre Uyar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Turkey
| | - Sevda Soker
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Turkey
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Zhong L, Yang M, Zou X, Du T, Xu H, Sun J. Human umbilical cord multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells alleviate acute ischemia-reperfusion injury of spermatogenic cells via reducing inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:294. [PMID: 32680554 PMCID: PMC7366899 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to determine the effect of human umbilical cord multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSC) on acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of spermatogenic cells. METHOD The testicular I/R rat model was established through 720° torsion for 1 h. hUC-MSC were intravenously injected 10 min before detorsion. Injury severity of spermatogenic cells was estimated by Johnsen's score. The proliferating of recipient spermatogonia was measured by the immunostaining of antibodies against Ki67, and all germ cells were detected with DDX4 antibody. And recipient spermatogenesis was assessed by staining spermatozoa with lectin PNA. The levels of inflammatory factors were measured by real-time PCR. And the Selectin-E expression, neutrophil infiltration in the testes was detected by immunostaining. Germ cells apoptosis was tested by TUNEL assay and western blot. Furthermore, the oxidative stress was tested by reactive oxidative species (ROS) levels. In vitro, the condition medium (CM) of hUC-MSC was used to culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), so as to assess the paracrine effect of hUC-MSC on HUVECs. The protein chip was used to measure the relative concentration of the secretory proteins in the CM of hUC-MSC. RESULT hUC-MSC greatly alleviated the testicular injury induced by testis I/R. The levels of proinflammatory factors were downregulated by hUC-MSC in vivo and in vitro. Neutrophil infiltration, ROS, and germ cell apoptosis in testicular tissues were greatly reduced in the group of hUC-MSC. Paracrine factors secreted by hUC-MSC including growth factors, cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokine were rich. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that intravenously injected hUC-MSC could protect the spermatogenic cells against I/R injury by reducing the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and acute oxidative injury. Paracrine mechanism of hUC-MSC may contribute to the protection of spermatogenic cells against I/R injury. Therefore, the present study provides a method for clinical treatment of attenuate I/R injury of spermatogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Mengbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiangyu Zou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou City, 450003, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Belhan S, Yıldırım S, Karasu A, Kömüroğlu AU, Özdek U. Investigation of the protective role of chrysin within the framework of oxidative and inflammatory markers in experimental testicular ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13714. [PMID: 32573003 DOI: 10.1111/and.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effect of chrysin on testicular torsion and detorsion damage in rats in terms of biochemistry, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The study was performed on Wistar albino rats between 250 g and 300 g. A total of 40 rats were used. Five groups were created with eight rats in each group. Group 1 was the control group, and no torsion procedure was performed. In Group 2, 2 hr of torsion and 2 hr of detorsion were applied. In Group 3, 2 hr of torsion and 24 hr of detorsion were applied. In Group 4, 2 hr of torsion, 2 hr of detorsion and 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal chrysin were applied. In Group 5, 2 hr of torsion, 24 hr of detorsion and 50 mg/kg of chrysin were applied. In the torsion/detorsion groups, the study determined decreases in glutathione and testosterone levels, increases in tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-4, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels, and increases in expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-8. Chrysin application reduced malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor-α, caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression levels. We can say that chrysin can be used to reduce damage in cases of testicular ischaemia/reperfusion. For more reliable results, further clinical trials are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadet Belhan
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Karasu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Uğur Özdek
- Vocational School of Health Services, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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Samy A, El-Adl M, Rezk S, Marghani B, Eldomany W, Eldesoky A, Elmetwally MA. The potential protective and therapeutic effects of platelet-rich plasma on ischemia/reperfusion injury following experimental torsion/detorsion of testis in the Albino rat model. Life Sci 2020; 256:117982. [PMID: 32562693 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to evaluate the protective and therapeutic efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) against testicular degeneration and germ cell apoptosis after induced spermatic cord torsion/detorsion (TD) in rats. MATERIALS Forty rats were allocated into 5 groups: 1) control, 2) short torsion/detorsion (STD), 3) long torsion detorsion (LTD), 4) protective (PRP/P) and 5) treatment (PRP/T). Testicular ischemia was induced by twisting the right testis 1080° clockwise for 2.5 h. PRP (10 μl) was injected intra-testicular 5 min before (PRP/P) and 3 h after (PRP/T) detorsion. At the end of the experiment, rats were euthanized at 2, 30, 2, and 30 days for groups 2-5 respectively. Nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, interleukin1 beta, tumor necrosis factor, caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 expressions were assessed in the testes. Moreover, histological examination was performed. KEY FINDINGS PRP treatment significantly mitigated the torsion-detorsion induced testicular degeneration. Particularly, by improving the state of oxidative stress (NO, P = 0.0001) and antioxidant markers (TAC, GSH, GST, P = 0.0001-0.01) and decreasing the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and cas 3 and increase the BCL2 fold changes (P = 0.0001). The protective use of PRP is superior to the therapeutic use of PRP in the restoration of the testicular histoarchitecture following TD. SIGNIFICANCE This study illustrates the cyto-protective role of PRP against TD induced testicular cell injury that highlight possible application of PRP as a complementary therapy in different testicular degenerative diseases which might attribute to its ability to ameliorate the oxidative stress and inhibit induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Samy
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Adl
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Basma Marghani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Wael Eldomany
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Eldesoky
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Elmetwally
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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Azarabadi M, Heidari F, Khaki AA, Kaka G, Ghadian A. Minocycline attenuates testicular damages in a rat model of ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13704. [PMID: 32542686 DOI: 10.1111/and.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a serious urological disease leading to testicular damage. This study aimed to assess the effect of minocycline on testicular ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by testicular torsion/detorsion. Male adult Wistar rats (n = 32) were assigned into four groups of sham, I/R, I/R + minocycline and minocycline. I/R injury was induced by two sets of surgical operations, including the rotation of the left testis (720°, counterclockwise), followed by detorsion after 4 hr. The administration of minocycline was carried out 30 min before detorsion and then continued for 8 weeks. At the end of the 8th week, rats were killed and sampling was done. Johnson's score, the height of seminiferous tubule epithelium, the mean seminiferous tubule diameter, as well as biochemical parameters, SOD, GPx and CAT, were significantly enhanced in the I/R + minocycline group compared with the I/R group. The administration of minocycline led to a marked decrease in expression levels of Caspase-3, Bax, IL-1β and TNF-α genes, and a remarkable increase in expression levels of Bcl-2, 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD3 genes compared with the I/R group. Administration of minocycline could also reduce the rate of germ cell apoptosis (TUNEL staining). Hence, minocycline was useful in the management of testicular torsion/detorsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Azarabadi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heidari
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Afshin Khaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kaka
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghadian
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Damasceno AVBS, de Barros CAV, Percario S, Ribeiro RFG, Monteiro AM, Gouveia EHH, Henriques HYB. Remote ischemic conditioning protects against testicular ischemia∕reperfusion injury in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2020; 35:e202000203. [PMID: 32348402 PMCID: PMC7184938 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020200020000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic conditioning associated to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on testicular ischemia∕reperfusion (I∕R) injury in rats. Methods Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into five experimental groups (n=5), as follows: Sham, I∕R, Perconditioning (PER), NAC and PER+NAC. Two-hour ischemia was induced by rotating the left testis 720° to clockwise direction, followed by 4 hours of reperfusion. Perconditioning was performed by three I/R cycles of 10 min each on the left limb, 30 min before reperfusion. N-acetylcysteine (150 mg∕kg) was administered 30 min before reperfusion. Results Statistical differences were observed in MDA levels between I/R group with all groups (p<0.01), in addition there was statistical difference between PER and Sham, and PER+ NAC groups (p<0.05) in plasma. Conclusions The protective effect of perconditioning isolated in the reduction of lipid peroxidation related to oxidative stress was demonstrated. However, when Perconditioning was associated with NAC, there was no protective effect against testicular injury of ischemia and reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Vitória Barros Suzuki Damasceno
- Graduate student, School of Medicine, Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), Belem-PA, Brazil. Care of animals, technical procedures, interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Charles Alberto Villacorta de Barros
- PhD, Full Professor, Head, Division Surgical Abilities, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Conception, design, and scientific content of study, critical revision
| | - Sandro Percario
- PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Oxidative Stress Research Lab Coordinator, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, statistical analysis, English version, critical revision
| | - Rubens Fernando Gonçalves Ribeiro
- Master, Postgraduate Program in Surgery and Experimental Research, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Statistical analysis, manuscript preparation, English version
| | - Andrew Moraes Monteiro
- Graduate student, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Care of the animals, technical procedures, interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Eduardo Henrique Herbster Gouveia
- MD, Graduated from Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará. Brazil. Care of animals, technical procedures, interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
| | - Higor Yuri Bezerra Henriques
- MD, Graduated from Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará. Brazil. Care of animals, technical procedures, interpretation of data, manuscript preparation
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Raghay K, Akki R, Bensaid D, Errami M. Ghrelin as an anti-inflammatory and protective agent in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Peptides 2020; 124:170226. [PMID: 31786283 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) continue to be the most frequent cause of damaged tissues. Injured tissues resulted from the first ischemic insult, which is determined by the interruption in the blood supply, followed by subsequent impairment induced by reperfusion. In addition, ischemia-reperfusion injury is mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and other cytokines that activate complements and proteases responsible for free radical production. However, earlier studies have reported the protective roles of bioactive peptides during ischemia reperfusion injury. In fact, ghrelin is a peptide hormone discovered since 1999 as GH secretagogue and its production was identified in gastric X/A-like endocrine cells in rats and P/D1 type cells in humans. To date, this peptide receives growing attention due to its pleiotropic action in the organism and its role in maintaining energy homeostasis. Ghrelin is also involved in stress responses, assuming a modulatory action on immune pathways. Previous studies have identified many other functions related to an anti-inflammatory role in ischemia reperfusion injury. Under these challenging conditions, studies described acylated and unacylated ghrelin in activation and/or inhibition processes related to ischemia-reperfusion injury. The aim of this article is to provide a minireview about ghrelin mechanisms involved in the proinflammatory response of I/R injury. However, the regulatory processes of ghrelin in this pathologic event are still very limited and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Raghay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - R Akki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - D Bensaid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - M Errami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
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Ganla KN, Choudhary RA, Vora PH, Athavale UV. Sildenafil Citrate: Novel Therapy in the Management of Ovarian Torsion. J Hum Reprod Sci 2019; 12:351-354. [PMID: 32038089 PMCID: PMC6937764 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_52_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian torsion is defined as partial or complete rotation of ovarian vascular pedicle, leading to the obstruction of venous outflow and arterial inflow. It is an emergency condition with an incidence of 2%–15% in patients with adnexal masses. The main risk in ovarian torsion is an ovarian mass or an enlarged ovary with a long pedicle. Due to the rotation of ovarian tissue axis on its vascular pedicle, there is compression of vessels followed by stromal edema, hemorrhagic infarction, and necrosis of adnexa. Expedient diagnosis poses a difficult challenge because clinical presentation is a variable and often misleading. We report a case of right ovarian torsion after oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization, where vaginal sildenafil citrate was successfully used to reduce ovarian edema by improving venous drainage. It also helped in maintaining ovarian tissue perfusion and preventing reperfusion injury and spontaneous detorsion of the ovary without any surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedar N Ganla
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ankoor Fertility Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rana A Choudhary
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ankoor Fertility Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka H Vora
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ankoor Fertility Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Erdem AO, Coşkun ÖD, Başer AT, Şirinyıldız F, Ek R, Çulhacı N, Yazici M, Ozkisacik S. Comparison of the effects of intermittent reperfusion and hypothermia in preventing testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in the testicular torsion model in rats. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:617-623. [PMID: 31630934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reperfusion injury after detorsion in testicular torsion is a clinical problem. This study was planned to investigate the protective effect of intermittent reperfusion in hypothermia-applied testicles. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 adult male rats were used, and 5 groups were created: sham (Sh; n = 8), torsion (T; torsion-detorsion) (n = 8), intermittent reperfusion (IR; n = 8), hypothermia (H; n = 8), and intermittent reperfusion+hypothermia (H+IR; n = 8). The left testicle was removed in all groups except in the Sh group, and it was rotated 3 times counterclockwise, fixed in the scrotum, and left for 4 h. After 4 h, the testicle was detorsioned in the groups T, IR, H, and H+IR. During detorsion, an atraumatic vessel clamp was applied in the proximal part of the vascular structures to prevent any reperfusion of the testicle. The clamp was opened immediately in the group T. In the group IR, the clamp was opened, a reperfusion of 5 s was applied; then, the clamp was closed again, and ischemia was created for 10 s; this procedure was repeated 10 times. In the group H, an ice bag cooling was performed around the testis. The tissue temperature was kept constant at 4 °C using a digital thermometer control. The testicle was cooled using an ice bag in the group H+IR; the same procedure was applied to the IR group. In all groups, reperfusion was performed for 1 h at the end of these procedures. The left testicle was removed from all rats; a portion of each testicle was separated for biochemistry testing, and some was separated for histopathological evaluation. At the end of the procedure, intracardiac blood was taken to examine oxidative stress parameters. At the end of the procedure, all animals were sacrificed after administration of a high dose of anesthesia. RESULTS The authors observed that the tissue was preserved in the experimental groups and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). It was detected that the tissues were also histopathologically and significantly preserved in the groups IR, H, and H+IR. However, both biochemically and histopathologically, there was no superiority of hypothermia, intermittent reperfusion, or combined application (p>0.05). DISCUSSION Both hypothermia and intermittent reperfusion alone protect tissue from IR damage. But no studies have been found in which these applications were used together. And as a result of this work, the combination of both methods did not show superiority over the effect they showed when they were used separately. The authors think that these methods can be applied clinically because of their ease of application and no additional costs; however, it should be supported by other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Onur Erdem
- Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Turkey.
| | - Özge Durmaz Coşkun
- Gaziantep Şehit Kamil Public Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Turkey
| | - Ayça Töre Başer
- Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Şirinyıldız
- Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Department of Physiology, Turkey
| | - Rauf Ek
- Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Department of Physiology, Turkey
| | - Nil Çulhacı
- Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Department of Pathology, Turkey
| | - Mesut Yazici
- Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Turkey
| | - Sezen Ozkisacik
- Adnan Menderes University Medical School, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Turkey
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Yousefi-Manesh H, Shirooie S, Hemati S, Shokrian-Zeini M, Zarei N, Raoufi M, Farrokhi V, Dehpour AR. Protective effects of modafinil administration on testicular torsion/detorsion damage in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 111:104305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Qin Z, Zhu K, Xue J, Cao P, Xu L, Xu Z, Liang K, Zhu J, Jia R. Zinc-induced protective effect for testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting antioxidation via microRNA-101-3p/Nrf2 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:9295-9309. [PMID: 31692452 PMCID: PMC6874427 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to determine the protective effect of Zinc on the rat testicular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its mechanism. In vivo, the pathological changes and the apoptosis index were significantly relieved in the rats with Low-dose Zinc pretreatment, compared to the I/R group. After Low-dose Zinc treatment, the levels of tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly decreased, while tissue antioxidant indices were significantly increased. Meanwhile, the level of NF-κB was significantly lower compared to I/R group, while the levels of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes were significantly higher in Low-dose Zinc+I/R group. In vitro, Low-dose Zinc markedly increased Leydig cell (TM3) cell viability, and relieved testicular oxidative damage via down-regulating ROS. A total of 22 differently expressed microRNAs were screened out using microRNA microarray in rat testicular tissue caused by I/R injury, especially showing that miR-101-3p was selected as the target miRNA. Furthermore, the levels of Nrf2 and NF-κB were apparently increased/decreased in TM3 cells treated with Hypoxic/Reoxygenation (H/R) after miR-101-3p mimics/inhibitor. In addition, H/R-induced testicular oxidative damage was recovered in TM3 administrated with miR-101-3p inhibitor and si-Nrf2. Therefore, this study provided a novel insight for investigating protective effect of Zinc on testicular I/R injury by promoting antioxidation via miR-101-3p/Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Pu Cao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jiageng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
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Danarto R, Heriyanto DS, Risan M, Yuri P. Lumbrokinase effects on pro- and anti-apoptotic gene expression in Wistar rats with testicular torsion. Res Rep Urol 2019; 11:249-254. [PMID: 31572694 PMCID: PMC6756824 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s212431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Testicular reperfusion is believed to be the mechanism by which testicular injury occurs in the ischemic testis. This study was performed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of lumbrokinase for treating ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury-induced bilateral testicular torsion. Methods Twenty-four male rats were equally divided into the following groups: torsion only (T), torsion plus lumbrokinase (TL), torsion-detorsion only (TD) and torsion-detorsion plus lumbrokinase (TDL) groups. The right testicle in each groups sample was rotated 720° for 4 h, followed by orchiectomy. The rats in the TD (TD and TDL) groups additionally underwent detorsion for 1 h after the initial rotation. Testicular tissues were collected for measuring anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and pro-apoptotic BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) gene expression levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Pro- and anti-apoptotic gene expression levels were increased in the TD groups. Lumbrokinase was significantly effective in lowering BAX expression levels, particularly those in the TDL group compared with those in the TD group (P<0.05). Lumbrokinase did not significant change BCL-2 expression levels. Conclusion The administration of lumbrokinase before orchiectomy can protect against IR-induced testicular damage by reducing pro-apoptotic gene expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raden Danarto
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Didik Setyo Heriyanto
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Risan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Prahara Yuri
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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