1
|
Amini A, Klenerman P, Provine NM. Role of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine immunogenicity. Curr Opin Virol 2024; 67:101412. [PMID: 38838550 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an unconventional T cell population that are highly abundant in humans. They possess a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) that recognises microbial metabolites formed during riboflavin biosynthesis, presented on a nonpolymorphic MHC-like molecule MR1. MAIT cells possess an array of effector functions, including type 1, type 17, and tissue repair activity. Deployment of these functions depends on the stimuli they receive through their TCR and/or cytokine receptors. Strong cytokine signalling, such as in response to vaccination, can bypass TCR triggering and provokes a strong proinflammatory response. Although data are still emerging, multiple aspects of MAIT cell biology are associated with modulation of immunity induced by the coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA and adenovirus vector vaccines. In this review, we will address how MAIT cells may play a role in immunogenicity of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and how these cells can be harnessed as cellular adjuvants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Amini
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine - Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine - Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Nicholas M Provine
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Emerging Role for MAIT Cells in Control of Antimicrobial Resistance. Trends Microbiol 2020; 29:504-516. [PMID: 33353796 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to global public health as antibiotics are losing effectiveness due to rapid development of resistance. The human immune system facilitates control and clearance of resistant bacterial populations during the course of antimicrobial therapy. Here we review current knowledge of mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, an arm of the immune system on the border between innate and adaptive, and their critical place in human antibacterial immunity. We propose that MAIT cells play important roles against antimicrobial-resistant infections through their capacity to directly clear multidrug-resistant bacteria and overcome mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Finally, we discuss outstanding questions pertinent to the possible advancement of host-directed therapy as an alternative intervention strategy for antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections.
Collapse
|
3
|
A dual-adjuvanting strategy for peptide-based subunit vaccines against group A Streptococcus: Lipidation and polyelectrolyte complexes. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115823. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
4
|
Narayanan GA, McLaren JE, Meermeier EW, Ladell K, Swarbrick GM, Price DA, Tran JG, Worley AH, Vogt T, Wong EB, Lewinsohn DM. The MAIT TCRβ chain contributes to discrimination of microbial ligand. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:770-781. [PMID: 32568415 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are key players in the immune response against microbial infection. The MAIT T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizes a diverse array of microbial ligands, and recent reports have highlighted the variability in the MAIT TCR that could further contribute to discrimination of ligand. The MAIT TCR complementarity determining region (CDR)3β sequence displays a high level of diversity across individuals, and clonotype usage appears to be dependent on antigenic exposure. To address the relationship between the MAIT TCR and microbial ligand, we utilized a previously defined panel of MAIT cell clones that demonstrated variability in responses against different microbial infections. Sequencing of these clones revealed four pairs, each with shared (identical) CDR3α and different CDR3β sequences. These pairs demonstrated varied responses against microbially infected dendritic cells as well as against 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-d-ribitylaminouracil, a ligand abundant in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, suggesting that the CDR3β contributes to differences in ligand discrimination. Taken together, these results highlight a key role for the MAIT CDR3β region in distinguishing between MR1-bound antigens and ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali A Narayanan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - James E McLaren
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Erin W Meermeier
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kristin Ladell
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gwendolyn M Swarbrick
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,VA Portland Health Care Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.,Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Todd Vogt
- VA Portland Health Care Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Emily B Wong
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David M Lewinsohn
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,VA Portland Health Care Center, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are striking in their abundance and their strict conservation across 150 million years of mammalian evolution, implying they must fulfill critical immunological function(s). MAIT cells are defined by their expression of a semi-invariant αβ TCR which recognizes biosynthetic derivatives of riboflavin synthesis presented on MR1. Initial studies focused on their role in detecting predominantly intracellular bacterial and mycobacterial infections. However, it is now recognized that there are several modes of MAIT cell activation and these are related to activation of distinct transcriptional programmes, each associated with distinct functional roles. In this minireview, we summarize current knowledge from human and animal studies of MAIT cell activation induced (1) in an MR1-TCR dependent manner in the context of inflammatory danger signals and associated with antibacterial host defense; (2) in an MR1-TCR independent manner by the cytokines interleukin(IL)-12/-15/-18 and type I interferon, which is associated with antiviral responses; and (3) a recently-described TCR-dependent “tissue repair” programme which is associated with accelerated wound healing in the context of commensal microbiota. Because of this capability for diverse functional responses in diverse immunological contexts, these intriguing cells now appear to be multifunctional effectors central to the interface of innate and adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S C Hinks
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nuffield Department of Medicine Experimental Medicine, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Xia-Wei Zhang
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nuffield Department of Medicine Experimental Medicine, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Boulouis C, Gorin JB, Dias J, Bergman P, Leeansyah E, Sandberg JK. Opsonization-Enhanced Antigen Presentation by MR1 Activates Rapid Polyfunctional MAIT Cell Responses Acting as an Effector Arm of Humoral Antibacterial Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:67-77. [PMID: 32434941 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like antimicrobial T cells recognizing a breadth of important pathogens via presentation of microbial riboflavin metabolite Ags by MHC class Ib-related (MR1) molecules. However, the interaction of human MAIT cells with adaptive immune responses and the role they may play in settings of vaccinology remain relatively little explored. In this study we investigated the interplay between MAIT cell-mediated antibacterial effector functions and the humoral immune response. IgG opsonization of the model microbe Escherichia coli with pooled human sera markedly enhanced the capacity of monocytic APC to stimulate MAIT cells. This effect included greater sensitivity of recognition and faster response kinetics, as well as a markedly higher polyfunctionality and magnitude of MAIT cell responses involving a range of effector functions. The boost of MAIT cell responses was dependent on strongly enhanced MR1-mediated Ag presentation via increased FcγR-mediated uptake and signaling primarily mediated by FcγRI. To investigate possible translation of this effect to a vaccine setting, sera from human subjects before and after vaccination with the 13-valent-conjugated Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine were assessed in a MAIT cell activation assay. Interestingly, vaccine-induced Abs enhanced Ag presentation to MAIT cells, resulting in more potent effector responses. These findings indicate that enhancement of Ag presentation by IgG opsonization allows innate-like MAIT cells to mount a faster, stronger, and qualitatively more complex response and to function as an effector arm of vaccine-induced humoral adaptive antibacterial immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Boulouis
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Baptiste Gorin
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joana Dias
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Bergman
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden.,Infectious Disease Clinic, Immunodeficiency Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | - Edwin Leeansyah
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden.,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 169587 Singapore
| | - Johan K Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been attracting increasing attention over the last few years as a potent unconventional T cell subset. Three factors largely account for this emerging interest. Firstly, these cells are abundant in humans, both in circulation and especially in some tissues such as the liver. Secondly is the discovery of a ligand that has uncovered their microbial targets, and also allowed for the development of tools to accurately track the cells in both humans and mice. Finally, it appears that the cells not only have a diverse range of functions but also are sensitive to a range of inflammatory triggers that can enhance or even bypass T cell receptor–mediated signals—substantially broadening their likely impact in health and disease. In this review we discuss how MAIT cells display antimicrobial, homeostatic, and amplifier roles in vivo, and how this may lead to protection and potentially pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Provine
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Loh L, Gherardin NA, Sant S, Grzelak L, Crawford JC, Bird NL, Koay HF, van de Sandt CE, Moreira ML, Lappas M, Allen EK, Crowe J, Loudovaris T, Flanagan KL, Quinn KM, Rossjohn J, Thomas PG, Eckle SBG, McCluskey J, Godfrey DI, Kedzierska K. Human Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in Older Individuals Display Expanded TCRαβ Clonotypes with Potent Antimicrobial Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1119-1133. [PMID: 31988181 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are important for immune responses against microbial infections. Although known to undergo marked numerical changes with age in humans, our understanding of how MAIT cells are altered during different phases across the human life span is largely unknown. Although also abundant in the tissues, our study focuses on MAIT cell analyses in blood. Across the human life span, we show that naive-like MAIT cells in umbilical cord blood switch to a central/effector memory-like profile that is sustained into older age. Whereas low-grade levels of plasma cytokine/chemokine were apparent in older donors (>65 y old), surprisingly, they did not correlate with the ex vivo MAIT hyperinflammatory cytokine profile observed in older adults. Removal of MAIT cells from older individuals and an aged environment resulted in the reversal of the baseline effector molecule profile comparable with MAIT cells from younger adults. An upregulated basal inflammatory profile accounted for reduced Escherichia coli-specific responses in aged MAIT cells compared with their young adult counterparts when fold change in expression levels of GzmB, CD107a, IFN-γ, and TNF was examined. However, the magnitude of antimicrobial MR1-dependent activation remained as potent and polyfunctional as with younger adults. Paired TCRαβ analyses of MAIT cells revealed large clonal expansions in older adults and tissues that rivalled, remarkably, the TCRαβ repertoire diversity of virus-specific CD8+ T cells. These data suggest that MAIT cells in older individuals, although associated with large clonal TCRαβ expansions and increased baseline inflammatory potential, demonstrate plasticity and provide potent antimicrobial immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyen Loh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sneha Sant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Ludivine Grzelak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | | | - Nicola L Bird
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Hui-Fern Koay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Carolien E van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcela L Moreira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - E Kaitlynn Allen
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Jane Crowe
- Deepdene Surgery, Deepdene, Victoria 3103, Australia
| | - Thomas Loudovaris
- Immunology and Diabetes Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Katie L Flanagan
- Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.,University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,School of Health and Biomedical Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Kylie M Quinn
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Sidonia B G Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Y, Kong D, Wang H. Mucosal-Associated Invariant T cell in liver diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:460-470. [PMID: 32015682 PMCID: PMC6990906 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.39016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) are a new population of innate immune cells, which are abundant in the liver and play complex roles in various liver diseases. In this review, we summarize MAIT cells in the liver diseases in recent studies, figure out the role of MAIT cells in various liver disease, including Alcoholic liver disease, Non-alcoholic liver disease, Autoimmune liver diseases, Viral hepatitis and Liver Cancer. Briefly, MAIT cells are involved in anti-bacteria responses in the alcoholic liver diseases. Besides, the activated MAIT cells promote the liver inflammation by secreting inflammatory cytokines and produce regulatory cytokines, which induces anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. MAIT cells participate in the liver fibrosis via enhancing hepatic stellate cell activation. In viral hepatitis, MAIT cells exhibit a flawed and exhausted phenotype, which results in little effect on controlling the virus and bacteria. In liver cancer, MAIT cells indicate the disease progression and the outcome of therapy. In summary, MAIT cells are attractive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Derun Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui 236000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lamichhane R, Galvin H, Hannaway RF, de la Harpe SM, Munro F, Tyndall JDA, Vernall AJ, McCall JL, Husain M, Ussher JE. Type I interferons are important co-stimulatory signals during T cell receptor mediated human MAIT cell activation. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:178-191. [PMID: 31608441 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are abundant unconventional T cells that can be stimulated either via their TCR or by innate cytokines. The MAIT cell TCR recognises a pyrimidine ligand, derived from riboflavin synthesising bacteria, bound to MR1. In infection, bacteria not only provide the pyrimidine ligand but also co-stimulatory signals, such as TLR agonists, that can modulate TCR-mediated activation. Recently, type I interferons (T1-IFNs) have been identified as contributing to cytokine-mediated MAIT cell activation. However, it is unknown whether T1-IFNs also have a role during TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation. In this study, we investigated the co-stimulatory role of T1-IFNs during TCR-mediated activation of MAIT cells by the MR1 ligand 5-amino-6-d-ribitylaminouracil/methylglyoxal. We found that T1-IFNs were able to boost interferon-γ and granzyme B production in 5-amino-6-d-ribitylaminouracil/methylglyoxal-stimulated MAIT cells. Similarly, influenza virus-induced T1-IFNs enhanced TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation. An essential role of T1-IFNs in regulating MAIT cell activation by riboflavin synthesising bacteria was also demonstrated. The co-stimulatory role of T1-IFNs was also evident in liver-derived MAIT cells. T1-IFNs acted directly on MAIT cells to enhance their response to TCR stimulation. Overall, our findings establish an important immunomodulatory role of T1-IFNs during TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Lamichhane
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Henry Galvin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rachel F Hannaway
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Fran Munro
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joel DA Tyndall
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - John L McCall
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Matloob Husain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James E Ussher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Southern Community Laboratories, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Leng T, Akther HD, Hackstein CP, Powell K, King T, Friedrich M, Christoforidou Z, McCuaig S, Neyazi M, Arancibia-Cárcamo CV, Hagel J, Powrie F, Peres RS, Millar V, Ebner D, Lamichhane R, Ussher J, Hinks TSC, Marchi E, Willberg C, Klenerman P. TCR and Inflammatory Signals Tune Human MAIT Cells to Exert Specific Tissue Repair and Effector Functions. Cell Rep 2019; 28:3077-3091.e5. [PMID: 31533032 PMCID: PMC6899450 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MAIT cells are an unconventional T cell population that can be activated through both TCR-dependent and TCR-independent mechanisms. Here, we examined the impact of combinations of TCR-dependent and TCR-independent signals in human CD8+ MAIT cells. TCR-independent activation of these MAIT cells from blood and gut was maximized by extending the panel of cytokines to include TNF-superfamily member TL1A. RNA-seq experiments revealed that TCR-dependent and TCR-independent signals drive MAIT cells to exert overlapping and specific effector functions, affecting both host defense and tissue homeostasis. Although TCR triggering alone is insufficient to drive sustained activation, TCR-triggered MAIT cells showed specific enrichment of tissue-repair functions at the gene and protein levels and in in vitro assays. Altogether, these data indicate the blend of TCR-dependent and TCR-independent signaling to CD8+ MAIT cells may play a role in controlling the balance between healthy and pathological processes of tissue inflammation and repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Leng
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Hossain Delowar Akther
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Carl-Philipp Hackstein
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Kate Powell
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Thomas King
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Matthias Friedrich
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Roosevelt Dr., Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Zoe Christoforidou
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sarah McCuaig
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Roosevelt Dr., Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Mastura Neyazi
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Roosevelt Dr., Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | | | - Joachim Hagel
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Fiona Powrie
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Roosevelt Dr., Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | | | - Val Millar
- Target Discovery Institute, Roosevelt Dr., Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Daniel Ebner
- Target Discovery Institute, Roosevelt Dr., Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Rajesh Lamichhane
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - James Ussher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Timothy S C Hinks
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Respiratory Medicine Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Emanuele Marchi
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Chris Willberg
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|