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Wang J, Zhan M, Zhai Y, Wang S, Gu F, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Li Y, Dong X, Zhang Y, Qin B. Allergens induce upregulated IL-18 and IL-18Rα expression in blood Th2 and Th17 cells of patients with allergic asthma. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 217:31-44. [PMID: 38587448 PMCID: PMC11188545 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma (AA) is closely associated with the polarization of T helper (Th)2 and Th17 cells. Interleukin (IL)-18 acts as an inducer of Th2 and Th17 cell responses. However, expressions of IL-18 and IL-18 receptor alpha (IL-18Rα) in blood Th2 and Th17 cells of patients with AA remain unclear. We therefore investigated their expressions in Th2 and Th17 cells using flow cytometric analysis, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and murine AA model. We observed increased proportions of Th2, Th17, IL-18+, IL-18+ Th2, and IL-18+ Th17 cells in blood CD4+ T cells of patients with AA. Additionally, house dust mite seemed to upregulate further IL-18 expression in Th2 and Th17, and upregulate IL-18Rα expression in CD4+ T, Th2, and Th17 cells of AA patients. It was also found that the plasma levels of IL-4, IL-17A, and IL-18 in AA patients were elevated, and they were correlated between each other. In ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma mouse (AM), we observed that the percentages of blood CD4+ T, Th2, and Th17 cells were increased. Moreover, OVA-induced AM expressed higher level of IL-18Rα in blood Th2 cells, which was downregulated by IL-18. Increased IL-18Rα expression was also observed in blood Th2 cells of OVA-induced FcεRIα-/- mice. Collectively, our findings suggest the involvement of Th2 cells in AA by expressing excessive IL-18 and IL-18Rα in response to allergen, and that IL-18 and IL-18Rα expressing Th2 cells are likely to be the potential targets for AA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Respiration, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaping Zhai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Siqin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangqiu Gu
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhaolong Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Bingyu Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Kim JW, Kim JH, Jeong JS, Kim CY, Chung EH, Kim SH, Hong EJ, Kwon HJ, Ko JW, Kim TW. Green tea extract suppresses airway inflammation via oxidative stress-driven MAPKs/MMP-9 signaling in asthmatic mice and human airway epithelial cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362404. [PMID: 38745671 PMCID: PMC11091254 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The anti-inflammatory effect of green tea extract (GTE) has been confirmed in asthmatic mice, however, the pharmacological mechanism is not fully elucidated. Methods To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of GTE in asthma and identify specific pathways, murine model of allergic asthma was established by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and the challenge for 4 weeks, with oral treatment using GTE and dexamethasone (DEX). Inflammatory cell counts, cytokines, OVA-specific IgE, airway hyperreactivity, and antioxidant markers in the lung were evaluated. Also, pulmonary histopathological analysis and western blotting were performed. In vitro, we established the model by stimulating the human airway epithelial cell line NCI-H292 using lipopolysaccharide, and treating with GTE and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) inhibitors. Results The GTE100 and GTE400 groups showed a decrease in airway hyperresponsiveness and the number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared to the OVA group. GTE treatment also reduced interleukin (IL)-13, IL-5, and IL-4 levels in the BALF, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E levels in the serum compared to those in the OVA group. GTE treatment decreased OVA-induced mucus secretion and airway inflammation. In addition, GTE suppressed the oxidative stress, and phosphorylation of MAPKs, which generally occurs after exposure to OVA. GTE administration also reduced matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and protein levels. Conclusion GTE effectively inhibited asthmatic respiratory inflammation and mucus hyperproduction induced by OVA inhalation. These results suggest that GTE has the potential to be used for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hwa Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Jeong
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Yeop Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Chung
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Kwon
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Su HH, Cheng CM, Yang YN, Chang YW, Li CY, Wu ST, Lin CC, Wu HE, Suen JL. Acrylamide, an air pollutant, enhances allergen-induced eosinophilic lung inflammation via group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:13-24. [PMID: 37805143 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution significantly impacts the aggravation of asthma. Exposure to acrylamide, a volatile organic compound in tobacco smoke, is associated with elevated risks of allergy-related outcomes among active smokers. As group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) can act as an environmental sensor and significantly contribute to protease allergen-induced lung inflammation, we aimed to elucidate the causal relationship and how inhaled acrylamide worsens allergic lung inflammation via ILC2s. Intranasal acrylamide exposure at nanomolar levels significantly enhanced allergen-induced or recombinant mouse interleukin-33-induced lung inflammation in C57BL/6 mice or Rag1-/- mice, respectively. The cardinal features of lung inflammation included accumulated infiltration of ILC2s and eosinophils. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a gene expression pattern associated with proliferation-related pathways in acrylamide-treated ILC2s. Western blotting revealed significantly higher expression of Ras and phospho-Erk in acrylamide-treated ILC2s than the control, suggesting Ras-Erk signaling pathway involvement. Ex vivo and in vitro analysis showed that acrylamide treatment mainly increased Ki-67+ ILC2s and the cell number of ILC2s whereas PD98059, a highly selective Erk inhibitor, effectively counteracted the acrylamide effect. Intratracheal administration of acrylamide-treated ILC2s significantly enhanced eosinophil infiltration in Rag1-/- mice. This study suggests that airborne acrylamide may enhance the severity of allergen-induced airway eosinophilic inflammation, partly via altering ILC2 proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Mei Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory, Taitung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ting Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-En Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Meng X, Guo S, Zhang X, Jiao B, Yang X, Li M, Li C, He J, Chen S, Peng C, Shao H, Jia Q. HMGB1 inhibition reduces TDI-induced occupational asthma through ROS/AMPK/autophagy pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115575. [PMID: 37839183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) can cause pulmonary diseases such as asthma. Inhibition of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been found to be protective against the toxic effects of TDI on human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. Here, we evaluated the in vivo positive roles of HMGB1 in the TDI-caused asthma mice and explored its underlying mechanisms in HBE cells. We found that suppression of HMGB1 obviously alleviated airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling in the lung tissue of the asthma mice. The in vitro results showed that inhibition of HMGB1 ameliorated TDI-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, inflammatory response, and activation of autophagy in HBE cells. At the molecular level, inhibition of HMGB1 decreased the expressions of HMGB1, Toll-like receptor 4, Vimentin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 proteins, activated NF-κB and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and increased E-cadherin expression. Importantly, activation of autophagy could lead to the overactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome in TDI-induced asthma. These results suggest that inhibition of HMGB1 can alleviate TDI-induced asthma through ROS/AMPK/autophagy pathways, which may provide valuable evidence for the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of TDI-induced asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjing Meng
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Sumei Guo
- Erqi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Ming Li
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Chao Li
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Jin He
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Shangya Chen
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Eusyn Institute of Health Science, Brisbane, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Hua Shao
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China.
| | - Qiang Jia
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China.
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Sitzia E, Santarsiero S, Marini G, Majo F, De Vincentiis M, Cristalli G, Artesani MC, Fiocchi AG. Endotypes of Nasal Polyps in Children: A Multidisciplinary Approach. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050707. [PMID: 37240876 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasal polyps (NPs) are rarely reported in childhood and usually represent red flags for systemic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF), primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and immunodeficiencies. The European Position Paper released in 2020 (EPOS 2020) provided a detailed classification and defined the correct diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We report a one-year experience of a multidisciplinary team, made up of otorhinolaryngologists, allergists, pediatricians, pneumologists and geneticists, with the aim of ensuring a personalized diagnostic and therapeutic management of the pathology. In 16 months of activity, 53 patients were admitted (25 children with chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis and 28 with antro-choanal polyp). All patients underwent phenotypic and endo-typic assessment, using proper classification tools for nasal pathology (both endoscopic and radiological), as well as adequate cytological definition. An immuno-allergic evaluation was carried out. Pneumologists evaluated any lower airway respiratory disease. Genetic investigations concluded the diagnostic investigation. Our experience enhanced the complexity of children's NPs. A multidisciplinary assessment is mandatory for a targeted diagnostic and therapeutic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Sitzia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital "Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS", 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Santarsiero
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital "Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS", 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Marini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital "Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS", 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Majo
- Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Children's Hospital "Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS", 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello De Vincentiis
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University "Università Degli Studi Tor Vergata di Roma", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cristalli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Children's Hospital "Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS", 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Artesani
- Department of Allergology, Children's Hospital "Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù-IRCCS", 00165 Rome, Italy
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McIntyre AP, Viswanathan RK. Phenotypes and Endotypes in Asthma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1426:119-142. [PMID: 37464119 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32259-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a broadly encompassing diagnosis of airway inflammation with significant variability in presentation and response. Advances in molecular techniques and imaging have unraveled the delicate mechanistic tapestry responsible for the underlying inflammatory pathways in asthma. The elucidation of biomarkers and cellular components specific to these inflammatory pathways allowed for the categorization of asthma from generic phenotypes to more specific mechanistic endotypes, with two prominent subgroups emerging based on the level of Type 2 inflammation present - T2 high and T2 low (or non-T2). Sophisticated modeling and cluster analyses using a combination of clinical, physiologic, and biomarker parameters have permitted the identification of subendotypes within the broader T2 umbrella. This mechanistic-driven classification schema for asthma has dramatically altered the landscape of asthma management with the discovery and approval of targeted biologic therapies and has ushered in a new era of personalized precision medicine in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P McIntyre
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ravi K Viswanathan
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
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The role of PGE2 and EP receptors on lung's immune and structural cells; possibilities for future asthma therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108313. [PMID: 36427569 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common airway chronic disease with treatments aimed mainly to control the symptoms. Adrenergic receptor agonists, corticosteroids and anti-leukotrienes have been used for decades, and the development of more targeted asthma treatments, known as biological therapies, were only recently established. However, due to the complexity of asthma and the limited efficacy as well as the side effects of available treatments, there is an urgent need for a new generation of asthma therapies. The anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects of prostaglandin E2 in asthma are promising, yet complicated by undesirable side effects, such as cough and airway irritation. In this review, we summarize the most important literature on the role of all four E prostanoid (EP) receptors on the lung's immune and structural cells to further dissect the relevance of EP2/EP4 receptors as potential targets for future asthma therapy.
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Group 2 innate lymphoid cells in human asthma. Allergol Int 2022; 72:194-200. [PMID: 36585333 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by increased airway hyperresponsiveness, reversible airflow limitation, and remodeling due to allergic airway inflammation. Asthma has been proposed to be classified into various phenotypes by cluster analyses integrating clinical information and laboratory data. Recently, asthma has been classified into two major endotypes, Type 2-high and Type 2-low asthma, and various subtypes based on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In Type 2-high asthma, Th2 cells, together with group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), produce type 2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13, which play crucial roles in causing airway inflammation. The roles of ILC2s in asthma pathogenesis have been analyzed primarily in murine models, demonstrating their importance not only in IL-33- or papain-induced innate asthma models but also in house dust mite (HDM)- or ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acquired asthma models evoked in an antigen-specific manner. Recently, evidence regarding the roles of ILC2s in human asthma is also accumulating. This minireview summarizes the roles of ILC2s in asthma, emphasizing human studies.
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Characterization of eosinophils and natural killer cells in nasal polyps and peripheral blood in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis patients. Allergol Int 2022; 72:335-338. [PMID: 36528498 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Jung SH, Bae CH, Kim JH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus casei HY2782 and Pueraria lobata Root Extract Complex Ameliorates Particulate Matter-Induced Airway Inflammation in Mice by Inhibiting Th2 and Th17 Immune Responses. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:188-197. [PMID: 35919572 PMCID: PMC9309071 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus casei HY2782 and Pueraria lobata root extract complex (HY2782 complex) in mitigating airway inflammation resulting from exposure to particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) in an animal model. Chronic inflammatory airway disease is associated with Th2-related cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and Th17-related cytokine IL-17A, which are the major contributors to allergy and asthma. Results indicated that PM2.5 elevates allergen-related airway inflammation and respiratory hyperresponsiveness in C57BL/6 mice. The HY2782 complex significantly reduced Th2/Th17-derived cytokines IL-4, IL5, IL-13, and IL-17A; immunoglobulin E; and leukotriene C4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum. Furthermore, the HY2782 complex was associated with the modulation of oxidative stress-related genes. Administration of the HY2782 complex resulted in a markedly reduced number of neutrophils and eosinophil infiltration in BALF. Histopathological observation of lung tissue also showed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration into airways and surrounding tissue. The HY2782 complex may be a promising candidate for the preventive therapy of allergic diseases and airway inflammation caused by PM2.5 inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chu Hyun Bae
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
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Hong JH, Lee YC. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cicadidae Periostracum Extract and Oleic Acid through Inhibiting Inflammatory Chemokines Using PCR Arrays in LPS-Induced Lung inflammation In Vitro. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060857. [PMID: 35743888 PMCID: PMC9225349 DOI: 10.3390/life12060857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of CP and OA treatments in LPS-stimulated lung epithelial cells on overall chemokines and their receptors using PCR arrays. In addition, we aimed to confirm those effects and mechanisms in LPS-stimulated lung macrophages on some chemokines and cytokines. In our study, CP treatments significantly inhibited the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL6, CCL9, CCL11, CCL17, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL7, CXCL10, TNF-α, and IL-6, while markedly suppressing NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and the phosphorylations of PI3K p55, Akt, Erk1/2, p38, and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated lung epithelial cells. CP treatments also significantly decreased the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL5, CCL17, CXCL1, and CXCL2, while markedly inhibiting phospho-PI3K p55 and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated lung macrophages. Likewise, OA treatments significantly suppressed the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL7, CXCL10, CCRL2, TNF-α, and IL-6, while markedly reducing the phosphorylations of PI3K p85, PI3K p55, p38, JNK, and NF-κB p65 in LPS-stimulated lung epithelial cells. Finally, OA treatments significantly inhibited the inflammatory mediators CCL2, CCL5, CCL17, CXCL1, CXCL2, TNF-α, and IL-6, while markedly suppressing phospho-PI3K p55, iNOS, and Cox-2 in LPS-stimulated lung macrophages. These results prove that CP and OA treatments have anti-inflammatory effects on the inflammatory chemokines and cytokines by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators, including PI3K, Akt, MAPKs, NF-κB, iNOS, and Cox-2. These findings suggest that CP and OA are potential chemokine-based therapeutic substances for treating the lung and airway inflammation seen in allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young-Cheol Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-730-0672; Fax: +82-33-730-0653
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Vollmer CM, Dias ASO, Lopes LM, Kasahara TM, Delphim L, Silva JCC, Lourenço LP, Gonçalves HC, Linhares UC, Gupta S, Bento CAM. Leptin favors Th17/Treg cell subsets imbalance associated with allergic asthma severity. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12153. [PMID: 35734271 PMCID: PMC9194742 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has often been associated with severe allergic asthma (AA). Here, we analyzed the frequency of different circulating CD4+T‐cell subsets from lean, overweight and obese AA patients. Methods Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood were obtained from 60 AA patients and the frequency of different CD4+T‐cell subsets and type 1 regulatory B cells (Br1) was determined by cytometry. The effect of obese‐related leptin dose on cytokine production and Treg cell function in AA‐derived CD4+ T cell cultures was evaluated by ELISA and 3H thymidine uptake, respectively. Leptin levels were quantified in the plasma by ELISA. According to the BMI, patients were stratified as lean, overweight and obese. Results AA severity, mainly among obese patients, was associated with an expansion of hybrid Th2/Th17 and Th17‐like cells rather than classic Th2‐like cells. On the other hand, the frequencies of Th1‐like, Br1 cells and regulatory CD4+ T‐cell subsets were lower in patients with severe AA. While percentages of the hybrid Th2/Th17 phenotype and Th17‐like cells positively correlated with leptin levels, the frequencies of regulatory CD4+ T‐cell subsets and Br1 cells negatively correlated with this adipokine. Interestingly, the obesity‐related leptin dose not only elevated Th2 and Th17 cytokine levels, but also directly reduced the Treg function in CD4+ T cell cultures from lean AA patients. Conclusion In summary, our results indicated that obesity might increase AA severity by favoring the expansion of Th17‐like and Th2/Th17 cells and decreasing regulatory CD4+T cell subsets, being adverse effects probably mediated by leptin overproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Vollmer
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Aleida S O Dias
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Microbiology University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Lana M Lopes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Microbiology University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Taissa M Kasahara
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Letícia Delphim
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Júlio Cesar C Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Lucas Paulo Lourenço
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Ulisses C Linhares
- Department of Morphological Sciences Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Sudhir Gupta
- Department of Medicine University of California Irvine California USA
| | - Cleonice A M Bento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Microbiology University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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13
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Stark KG, Falkowski NR, Brown CA, McDonald RA, Huffnagle GB. Contribution of the Microbiome, Environment, and Genetics to Mucosal Type 2 Immunity and Anaphylaxis in a Murine Food Allergy Model. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:851993. [PMID: 35769569 PMCID: PMC9234882 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.851993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is heterogeneity inherent in the immune responses of individual mice in murine models of food allergy, including anaphylaxis, similar to the clinical heterogeneity observed in humans with food allergies to a defined food. One major driver of this heterogeneity may be differences in the microbiome between sensitized individuals. Our laboratory and others have reported that disruption of the microbiome (dysbiosis) by broad spectrum antibiotics and/or yeast colonization can alter systemic immunity and favor the development of mucosal Type 2 immunity to aeroallergens. Our objective was to use a well-characterized murine model (Balb/c mice) of food allergies (chicken egg ovalbumin, OVA) and determine if antibiotic-mediated dysbiosis (including C. albicans colonization) could enhance the manifestation of food allergies. Furthermore, we sought to identify elements of the microbiome and host response that were associated with this heterogeneity in the anaphylactic reaction between individual food allergen-sensitized mice. In our dataset, the intensity of the anaphylactic reactions was most strongly associated with a disrupted microbiome that included colonization by C. albicans, loss of a specific Lachnoclostridium species (tentatively, Lachnoclostridium YL32), development of a highly polarized Type 2 response in the intestinal mucosa and underlying tissue, and activation of mucosal mast cells. Serum levels of allergen-specific IgE were not predictive of the response and a complete absence of a microbiome did not fully recapitulate the response. Conventionalization of germ-free mice resulted in Akkermansia muciniphila outgrowth and a higher degree of heterogeneity in the allergic response. C57BL/6 mice remained resistant even under the same dysbiosis-inducing antibiotic regimens, while changes in the microbiome markedly altered the reactivity of Balb/c mice to OVA, as noted above. Strikingly, we also observed that genetically identical mice from different rooms in our vivarium develop different levels of a Type 2 response, as well as anaphylactic reactions. The intestinal microbiome in these mice also differed between rooms. Thus, our data recapitulate the heterogeneity in anaphylactic reactions, ranging from severe to none, seen in patients that have circulating levels of food allergen-reactive IgE and support the concept that alterations in the microbiome can be one factor underlying this heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey G. Stark
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nicole R. Falkowski
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Christopher A. Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Institute for Research on Innovation and Science (IRIS), Institute for Social Research (ISR), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Roderick A. McDonald
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Gary B. Huffnagle
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Gary B. Huffnagle
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14
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Zhang X, Chen Z, Zuo S, Sun H, Li X, Lu X, Xing Z, Chen M, Liu J, Xiao G, He Y. Endothelin-A Receptor Antagonist Alleviates Allergic Airway Inflammation via the Inhibition of ILC2 Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:835953. [PMID: 35222426 PMCID: PMC8873101 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic airway inflammation is a universal airway disease that is driven by hyperresponsiveness to inhaled allergens. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) produce copious amounts of type 2 cytokines, which lead to allergic airway inflammation. Here, we discovered that both peripheral blood of human and mouse lung ILC2s express the endothelin-A receptor (ETAR), and the expression level of ETAR was dramatically induced upon interleukin-33 (IL-33) treatment. Subsequently, both preventive and therapeutic effects of BQ123, an ETAR antagonist, on allergic airway inflammation were observed, which were associated with decreased proliferation and type 2 cytokine productions by ILC2s. Furthermore, ILC2s from BQ123 treatment were found to be functionally impaired in response to an interleukin IL-33 challenged. And BQ123 treatment also affected the phosphorylation level of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), as well as the level of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) in activated ILC2s. Interestingly, after BQ123 treatment, both mouse and human ILC2s in vitro exhibited decreased function and downregulation of ERK signaling and GATA3 stability. These observations imply that ETAR is an important regulator of ILC2 function and may be involved in ILC2-driven pulmonary inflammation. Therefore, blocking ETAR may be a promising therapeutic strategy for allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shaowen Zuo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengbiao Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Xing
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumei He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Bilirubin represents a negative regulator of ILC2 in allergic airway inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:314-326. [PMID: 34686839 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play an important role in allergic airway inflammation. Despite recent advances in defining molecular mechanisms that control ILC2 development and function, the role of endogenous metabolites in the regulation of ILC2s remains poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrated that bilirubin, an end product of heme catabolism, was a potent negative regulator of ILC2s. Bilirubin metabolism was found to be significantly induced during airway inflammation in mouse models. The administration of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) dramatically suppressed ILC2 responses to interleukin (IL)-33 in mice, including cell proliferation and the production of effector cytokines. Furthermore, UCB significantly alleviated ILC2-driven airway inflammation, which was aggravated upon clearance of endogenous UCB. Mechanistic studies showed that the effects of bilirubin on ILC2s were associated with downregulation of ERK phosphorylation and GATA3 expression. Clinically, newborns with hyperbilirubinemia displayed significantly lower levels of ILC2 with impaired function and suppressed ERK signaling. Together, these findings indicate that bilirubin serves as an endogenous suppressor of ILC2s and might have potential therapeutic value in the treatment of allergic airway inflammation.
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Ghabdian S, Parande Shirvan S, Maleki M, Borji H. Exacerbation of allergic asthma by somatic antigen of Echinococcus granulosus in allergic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:16. [PMID: 34991711 PMCID: PMC8734303 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is ample evidence demonstrating a reverse relationship between helminth infection and immune-mediated diseases. Accordingly, several studies have shown that Echinococcus granulosus infection and hydatid cyst compounds are able to suppress immune responses in allergic airway inflammation. Previous studies have documented the ability of hydatid cysts to suppress aberrant Th2 immune response in a mouse model of allergic asthma. However, there is a paucity of research on the effects of protoscoleces on allergic asthma. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of somatic antigens of protoscoleces in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)/aluminum hydroxide (alum) was injected intraperitoneally to sensitize BALB/c mice over a period of 0 to 7 days, followed by challenge with 1% OVA. The treatment group received somatic antigens of protoscoleces emulsified with PBS on these days in each sensitization before being challenged with 1% OVA on days 14, 15, and 16. The effects of somatic antigens of protoscoleces on allergic airway inflammation were evaluated by examining histopathological changes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage, cytokine production in the homogenized lung tissue (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ), and total antioxidant capacity in serum. RESULTS Overall, administration of somatic antigens of protoscoleces exacerbated allergic airway inflammation via increased Th2 cytokine levels in the lung homogenate, recruitment of eosinophils into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and pathological changes. In addition, total antioxidant capacity and IFN-γ levels declined following the administration of somatic antigens. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that the co-administration of somatic products of protoscoleces with OVA/alum contributed to the exacerbation of allergic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice. Currently, the main cause of allergic-type inflammation exacerbation is unknown, and further research is needed to understand the mechanism of these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghabdian
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sima Parande Shirvan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Maleki
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Borji
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 91775-1793, Mashhad, Iran
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Lehner C, Spitzer G, Langthaler P, Jakubecova D, Klein B, Weissenbacher N, Wagner A, Gehwolf R, Trinka E, Iglseder B, Paulweber B, Aigner L, Couillard-Després S, Weiss R, Tempfer H, Traweger A. Allergy-induced systemic inflammation impairs tendon quality. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103778. [PMID: 35007819 PMCID: PMC8749446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of degenerating tendons still presents a major challenge, since the aetiology of tendinopathies remains poorly understood. Besides mechanical overuse, further known predisposing factors include rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, obesity or smoking all of which combine with a systemic inflammation. Methods To determine whether the systemic inflammation accompanying these conditions contributes to the onset of tendinopathy, we studied the effect of a systemic inflammation induced by an allergic episode on tendon properties. To this end, we induced an allergic response in mice by exposing them to a timothy grass pollen allergen and subsequently analysed both their flexor and Achilles tendons. Additionally, we analysed data from a health survey comprising data from more than 10.000 persons for an association between the occurrence of an allergy and tendinopathy. Findings Biomechanical testing and histological analysis revealed that tendons from allergic mice not only showed a significant reduction of both elastic modulus and tensile stress, but also alterations of the tendon matrix. Moreover, treatment of 3D tendon-like constructs with sera from allergic mice resulted in a matrix-remodelling expression profile and the expression of macrophage-associated markers and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) was increased in allergic Achilles tendons. Data from the human health study revealed that persons suffering from an allergy have an increased propensity to develop a tendinopathy. Interpretation Our study demonstrates that the presence of a systemic inflammation accompanying an allergic condition negatively impacts on tendon structure and function. Funding This study was financially supported by the Fund for the Advancement of Scientific Research at Paracelsus Medical University (PMU-FFF E-15/22/115-LEK), by the Land Salzburg, the Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK, the Health Care Provider of the University Hospitals Landeskrankenhaus and Christian Doppler Klinik), the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg and by unrestricted grants from Bayer, AstraZeneca, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer-Ingelheim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lehner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, Salzburg 5020, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gabriel Spitzer
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, Salzburg 5020, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Langthaler
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Affiliated member of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Austria; Department of Mathematics, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; Team Biostatistics and Big Medical Data, IDA Lab Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dominika Jakubecova
- Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Barbara Klein
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nadja Weissenbacher
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, Salzburg 5020, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, Salzburg 5020, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Gehwolf
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, Salzburg 5020, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Affiliated member of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Austria; Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT-University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria; Neuroscience Institute, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Iglseder
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Johanns University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sebastien Couillard-Després
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Weiss
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Herbert Tempfer
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, Salzburg 5020, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Traweger
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, Salzburg 5020, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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Li CQ, Sun QX, Xu SY, Li LD, Xiao H, Zhang QN. Nebulized Mycobacterium vaccae protects against asthma by attenuating the imbalance of IRF4/IRF8 expression in dendritic cells. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.363878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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19
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Vrsalović R, Korošec P, Štefanović IM, Bidovec-Stojkovič U, Čičak B, Harjaček M, Škrgat S. Value of thymic stromal lymphopoietin as a biomarker in children with asthma. Respir Med 2022; 193:106757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2022.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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The Therapeutic Effect of Traditional LiuJunZi Decoction on Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma in Balb/C Mice. Can Respir J 2021; 2021:6406295. [PMID: 34630778 PMCID: PMC8494547 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6406295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the therapeutic effect of LiuJunZi decoction (LJZD) in an experimental model of asthma and uncover its potential mechanism. Materials and Methods The ovalbumin (OVA) was applied to induce asthma in Balb/C mice, and LJZD was orally administrated to asthmatic mice. The lung function and histological lesion were evaluated by airway hyperresponsiveness assay, lung edema assay, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The amounts of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ TReg cells were analyzed through combining fluorescent antibody staining with flow cytometry assay. The levels of inflammatory factors and immunoglobulins were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of miR-21 and miR-146a was investigated by real-time PCR. The protein expression of activating protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and NF-κB inhibitor alpha (IκBα) was determined by western blotting. Results LJZD improves OVA-induced asthma in Balb/C mice, which is manifested by decreasing lung edema, Penh levels, lung histological lesion, and inflammatory cell infiltration. LJZD increased the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ TReg cells in blood mononuclear cells from asthmatic mice. Furthermore, LJZD reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin- (IL-) 4, IL-6, IgG1, and IgE, but increased interferon gamma (IFN-γ) expression, in serum of asthmatic mice, and also decreased the expression of IL-17a, IL-23, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (Tslp) in lung tissues. In addition, miR-21 and miR-146a expression and phospho (p)-NF-κB, p-IκBα, and AP-1 protein expression were inhibited by LJZD in lung tissues from asthmatic mice. Conclusion LJZD improved OVA-induced asthma in Balb/C mice by inhibiting allergic inflammation and Th2 immunoreaction, which might be associated with the inactivation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Abstract
The adverse effects of polluted air on human health have been increasingly appreciated worldwide. It is estimated that outdoor air pollution is associated with the death of 4.2 million people globally each year. Accumulating epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), one of the important air pollutants, significantly contributes to respiratory mortality and morbidity. PM2.5 causes lung damage mainly by inducing inflammatory response and oxidative stress. In this paper, we reviewed the research results of our group on the effects of PM2.5 on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and lung cancer. And recent research progress on epidemiological studies and potential mechanisms were also discussed. Reducing air pollution, although remaining a major challenge, is the best and most effective way to prevent the onset and progression of respiratory diseases.
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Akkoc T, O'Mahony L, Ferstl R, Akdis C, Akkoc T. Mouse Models of Asthma: Characteristics, Limitations and Future Perspectives on Clinical Translation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1376:119-133. [PMID: 34398449 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous inflammatory airway disease primarily characterized by airway obstruction, which affects up to 15% of the population in Westernized countries with an increasing prevalence. Descriptive laboratory and clinical studies reveal that allergic asthma is due to an immunological inflammatory response and is significantly influenced by an individual's genetic background and environmental factors. Due to the limitations associated with human experiments and tissue isolation, direct mouse models of asthma provide important insights into the disease pathogenesis and in the discovery of novel therapeutics. A wide range of asthma models are currently available, and the correct model system for a given experimental question needs to be carefully chosen. Despite recent advances in the complexity of murine asthma models, for example humanized murine models and the use of clinically relevant allergens, the limitations of the murine system should always be acknowledged, and it remains to be seen if any single murine model can accurately replicate all the clinical features associated with human asthmatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Akkoc
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Tubitak Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine and Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tunc Akkoc
- Department of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Li B, Huang N, Wei S, Xv J, Meng Q, Aschner M, Li X, Chen R. lncRNA TUG1 as a ceRNA promotes PM exposure-induced airway hyper-reactivity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125878. [PMID: 34492818 PMCID: PMC8432742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
With the increased appreciation for the significance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), the present research aimed to determine the role of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in the process of particulate matter (PM) exposure-induced pulmonary damage. Alterations in messenger RNA (RNA), microRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) profiles of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells treated with PM were analyzed by microarray assays. Next, we identified that lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) acted as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-222-3p (miR-222-3p) and subsequently attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR-222-3p on CUGBP elav-like family member 1 (CELF1). The binding potency among ceRNAs was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of TUG1 attenuated HBE cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by downregulation of CELF1 and protein 53 (p53). Further, we confirmed that Tug1/mir-222-3p/CELF1/p53 network aggravated PM-induced airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) in mice. In summary, our novel findings revealed that TUG1 triggered dysfunction of pulmonary cells followed by PM exposure by serving as a sponge for miR-222-3p and thereby upregulating the expression of CELF1and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Nannan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Shengnan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jie Xv
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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24
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Liang Y, Mak JCW. Inhaled Therapies for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1469-1481. [PMID: 33243107 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666201126144057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are obstructive lung diseases which are characterized by chronic inflammation and an increase in mucus production, and are highly prevalent conditions. Despite recent advances and multiple available therapies, there remains a significant unmet medical need. Over the past 40 years, the introduction of new classes of safe and effective therapy is insufficient. In spite of the high burden of asthma and COPD among patients, there are fewer new approved therapies in comparison to cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological diseases due to few drug candidates and a higher failure rate in the development of respiratory medicine. Lung diseases are amongst the leading causes of death globally with asthma being one of the most prevalent respiratory diseases, which affects people of all ages but, despite effective therapies available, many patients are poorly controlled and have a low quality of life. COPD is currently ranked as the fourth cause of death worldwide and predicted to become the third leading cause of death in 2030. The development of more effective treatments is urgently needed in order to reduce the high mortality rate and the enormous suffering from asthma and COPD. Various inhalation devices with different classes of medications are the foundation as therapies in both asthma and COPD. This article gives a comprehensive review of the promising inhaled therapies in the treatment of asthma and COPD. However, the lack of disease control in asthma and COPD patients may be due to numerous reasons. The association between non-adherence to guidelines on the part of the health care provider and poor inhalation technique and/or non-adherence to the prescribed treatment plan by the patients is common. It is therefore essential to discuss the different delivery systems and the methods used in asthma and COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Liang
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Judith C W Mak
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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25
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van de Wetering C, Elko E, Berg M, Schiffers CHJ, Stylianidis V, van den Berge M, Nawijn MC, Wouters EFM, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Reynaert NL. Glutathione S-transferases and their implications in the lung diseases asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Early life susceptibility? Redox Biol 2021; 43:101995. [PMID: 33979767 PMCID: PMC8131726 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our lungs are exposed daily to airborne pollutants, particulate matter, pathogens as well as lung allergens and irritants. Exposure to these substances can lead to inflammatory responses and may induce endogenous oxidant production, which can cause chronic inflammation, tissue damage and remodeling. Notably, the development of asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is linked to the aforementioned irritants. Some inhaled foreign chemical compounds are rapidly absorbed and processed by phase I and II enzyme systems critical in the detoxification of xenobiotics including the glutathione-conjugating enzymes Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). GSTs, and in particular genetic variants of GSTs that alter their activities, have been found to be implicated in the susceptibility to and progression of these lung diseases. Beyond their roles in phase II metabolism, evidence suggests that GSTs are also important mediators of normal lung growth. Therefore, the contribution of GSTs to the development of lung diseases in adults may already start in utero, and continues through infancy, childhood, and adult life. GSTs are also known to scavenge oxidants and affect signaling pathways by protein-protein interaction. Moreover, GSTs regulate reversible oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins, known as protein S-glutathionylation. Therefore, GSTs display an array of functions that impact the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. In this review we will provide an overview of the specific functions of each class of mammalian cytosolic GSTs. This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of their expression profiles in the lung in healthy subjects, as well as alterations that have been described in (epithelial cells of) asthmatics and COPD patients. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging evidence of the regulatory properties of GSTs beyond detoxification and their contribution to (un)healthy lungs throughout life. By providing a more thorough understanding, tailored therapeutic strategies can be designed to affect specific functions of particular GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Evan Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Marijn Berg
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar H J Schiffers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Vasili Stylianidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Luo XQ, Zhong JW, Qiu SY, Zhi M, Yang LQ, Zhou YL, Zhou FX, Yang PC, Liu DB, Mo LH. A20-OVA Nanoparticles Inhibit Allergic Asthma in a Murine Model. Inflammation 2021; 43:953-961. [PMID: 31938979 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The skewed T helper (Th) 2 response plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Regulatory T (Treg) cells and the regulatory cytokines are required in maintaining the homeostasis in the body. This study aims to determine the effects of a poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)-ovalbumin (OVA)+A20 (a ubiquitin E3 ligase) nanovaccine on inhibiting allergic asthma in a murine model. In this study, A20 and OVA (a model antigen) were encapsulated into PLGA to be a nanovaccine (PLGA-OVA+A20). An allergic asthma murine model was developed with OVA as the specific antigen to test the role of PLGA-OVA+A20 nanovaccine in maintaining the immune homeostasis in the airway tissues. The results showed that PLGA-OVA+A20 nanovaccine inhibited the asthma responses in mice by suppressing Th2 inflammatory responses, promoting the generation of Treg cells in the airway tissues. We conclude that the PLGA-OVA+A20 nanovaccine has a marked inhibitory effect on the airway allergic response in sensitized mice by significantly promoting the generation of Treg cell and IL-10. The data suggest that PLGA-OVA+A20 has translational potential in the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qian Luo
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Jian-Wen Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Shu-Yao Qiu
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Min Zhi
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Li-Qiang Yang
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Yi-Long Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Fen-Xuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Da-Bo Liu
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China
| | - Li-Hua Mo
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1033 Qinghu Blvd, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
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27
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Tani N, Kataoka N, Kunimatsu Y, Tachibana Y, Sugimoto T, Sato I, Ogura Y, Hirose K, Takeda T. Early responders within seven days of dupilumab treatment for severe asthma evaluated by patient-reported outcome: a pilot study. Multidiscip Respir Med 2021; 16:736. [PMID: 33815789 PMCID: PMC7993019 DOI: 10.4081/mrm.2021.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The management of severe asthma-associated symptoms is essential since they are distressing to the affected patients, and also greatly impair their quality of life. Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody, blocks interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 signaling, both of which are crucial in acquired and innate immunity pathways through fast signal transduction, leading to an early response to treatment. Although rapid improvement within 1–3 days after dupilumab treatment was observed in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, an early response within 7 days of dupilumab treatment in severe asthma has not been reported. Methods Twelve consecutive patients with severe asthma who were newly treated with dupilumab between July 2019 and April 2020 were retrospectively investigated. We evaluated the early response (within 7 days) of patients with severe asthma receiving dupilumab therapy. Asthma control test (ACT) and the daily ACT, which was modified from the ACT to evaluate daily symptoms associated with asthma, were adopted as patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at week 8 and within 7 days, respectively. Patients were stratified into early responders (7 days), late responders (week 8), and non-responders without significant improvement in PROs. Descriptive statistics were adopted due to the limited number of patients. Results Four of these 12 patients were early responders, with the following baseline characteristics: body mass index, <25 kg/m2; without depression; baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 second, <1.50 L; and more than one exacerbation in 1 year. On the other hand, five were late responders, and 44.4% of the nine responders were early responders. The higher the eosinophilic count and/or FeNO did not show any relationship between the early responder and nonresponder. Conclusions The effect of dupilumab on severe asthma in patients with atopic features could be started earlier than 2 weeks, similar to atopic dermatitis. Daily ACT may be useful in monitoring the early efficacy of dupilumab in treating severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Tani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kataoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kunimatsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tachibana
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Sugimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Izumi Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuri Ogura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hirose
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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28
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Decaesteker T, Vanhoffelen E, Trekels K, Jonckheere AC, Cremer J, Vanstapel A, Dilissen E, Bullens D, Dupont LJ, Vanoirbeek JA. Differential effects of intense exercise and pollution on the airways in a murine model. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:12. [PMID: 33722268 PMCID: PMC7962283 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a transient airway narrowing, occurring during or shortly after intensive exercise. It is highly prevalent in non-asthmatic outdoor endurance athletes suggesting an important contribution of air pollution in the development of EIB. Therefore, more research is necessary to investigate the combination of exercise and pollutants on the airways. Methods Balbc/ByJ mice were intranasally challenged 5 days a week for 3 weeks with saline or 0.2 mg/ml diesel exhaust particles (DEP), prior to a daily incremental running session or non-exercise session. Once a week, the early ventilatory response was measured and lung function was determined at day 24. Airway inflammation and cytokine levels were evaluated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Furthermore, innate lymphoid cells, dendritic cells and tight junction mRNA expression were determined in lung tissue. Results Submaximal exercise resulted in acute alterations of the breathing pattern and significantly improved FEV0.1 at day 24. DEP exposure induced neutrophilic airway inflammation, accompanied with increased percentages of CD11b+ DC in lung tissue and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-13, MCP-1, GM-CSF and KC. Occludin and claudin-1(Cldn-1) expression were respectively increased and decreased by DEP exposure. Whereas, exercise increased Cldn-3 and Cldn-18 expression. Combining exercise and DEP exposure resulted in significantly increased SP-D levels in the airways. Conclusion DEP exposure induced typical airway neutrophilia, DC recruitment and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Whereas, intensive exercise induced changes of the breathing pattern. The combination of both triggers resulted in a dysregulation of tight junction expression, suggesting that intensive exercise in polluted environments can induce important changes in the airway physiology and integrity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-021-00401-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Decaesteker
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, mailbox 706, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Eliane Vanhoffelen
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristel Trekels
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arno Vanstapel
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, mailbox 706, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Dilissen
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bullens
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Paediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieven J Dupont
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, mailbox 706, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen A Vanoirbeek
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Epicutaneous vaccination with protease inhibitor-treated papain prevents papain-induced Th2-mediated airway inflammation without inducing Th17 in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 546:192-199. [PMID: 33618285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Environmental allergen sources such as house dust mites contain proteases, which are frequently allergens themselves. Inhalation with the exogenous proteases, such as a model of protease allergen, papain, to airways evokes release and activation of IL-33, which promotes innate and adaptive allergic airway inflammation and Th2 sensitization in mice. Here, we examine whether epicutaneous (e.c.) vaccination with antigens with and without protease activity shows prophylactic effect on the Th airway sensitization and Th2-medated airway inflammation, which are driven by exogenous or endogenous IL-33. E.c. vaccination with ovalbumin restrained ovalbumin-specific Th2 airway sensitization and/or airway inflammation on subsequent inhalation with ovalbumin plus papain or ovalbumin plus recombinant IL-33. E.c. vaccination with papain or protease inhibitor-treated papain restrained papain-specific Th2 and Th9 airway sensitization, eosinophilia, and infiltration of IL-33-responsive Th2 and group 2 innate lymphoid cells on subsequent inhalation with papain. However, e.c. vaccination with papain but not protease inhibitor-treated papain induced Th17 response in bronchial draining lymph node cells. In conclusions, we demonstrated that e.c. allergen vaccination via intact skin in mice restrained even protease allergen-activated IL-33-driven airway Th2 sensitization to attenuate allergic airway inflammation and that e.c. vaccination with protease allergen attenuated the airway inflammation similar to its derivative lacking the protease activity, although the former but not the latter promoted Th17 development. In addition, the present study suggests that modified allergens, of which Th17-inducing e.c. adjuvant activity such as the protease activity was eliminated, might be preferable for safer clinical applications of the e.c. allergen administration.
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30
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Kim BH, Lee S. Sophoricoside from Sophora japonica ameliorates allergic asthma by preventing mast cell activation and CD4 + T cell differentiation in ovalbumin-induced mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:111029. [PMID: 33254020 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disorder with continuously increasing prevalence worldwide. Novel strategies are needed to prevent or improve asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sophoricoside from Sophora japonica on allergic asthma. The mature seeds of S. japonica contain a large amount of sophoricoside. Sophoricoside reduced allergic and asthmatic symptoms by suppressing airway inflammation and antibody-antigen reaction in mouse models. In particular, sophoricoside suppressed immune cell recruitment into the airway lumens of the lungs and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mice. It also decreased the amounts of histamine and arachidonic acid metabolites released in OVA-induced mice and antibody-antigen stimulated mast cells. In addition, sophoricoside decreased differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cells. Overall, we demonstrated that sophoricoside improved allergic asthma by suppressing mast cell activation and CD4+ T cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hak Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology for Eastern Medicine (KISTEM), NEUMED Inc., Seoul 02440, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Kianian F, Seifi B, Kadkhodaee M, Sadeghipour HR, Ranjbaran M. Nephroprotection through Modifying the Apoptotic TNF-α/ERK1/2/Bax Signaling Pathway and Oxidative Stress by Long-term Sodium Hydrosulfide Administration in Ovalbumin-induced Chronic Asthma. Immunol Invest 2020; 51:602-618. [PMID: 33342312 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1858860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases in the world. Nevertheless, it is reported that inflammation induced by asthma is not only restricted to the lung and may cause damaging effects on remote organs. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the beneficial effects of long-term sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) administration on lung inflammation and oxidative stress markers to protect the kidney during chronic asthma. BALB/c mice were divided into three groups (n = 5-7): control, asthma and NaHS. Except the control group, sensitization and challenge were performed with ovalbumin. The NaHS group intraperitoneally received 14 μmol/kg NaHS 30 min before each challenge. 24 h after the last challenge, samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), plasma, lung and kidney tissues were collected. NaHS administration significantly decreased total white blood cell count, percentages of eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages and increased percentage of lymphocytes. Administration of NaHS considerably decreased the levels of BALF interleukin-13, plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), lung malondialdehyde (MDA) and lung phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) expression and scores of peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia and subepithelial fibrosis and increased the activity of lung superoxide dismutase (SOD). The MDA levels and expressions of p-ERK1/2 and Bax were decreased and SOD activity and expressions of Bcl-2 and p-Akt were significantly increased in kidney tissues by NaHS administration. Administration of NaHS decreased renal oxidative stress indices and reduced apoptosis by the inhibition of TNF-α/ERK1/2/Bax. Therefore, H2S may have an essential role in renal protection during asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Kianian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behjat Seifi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Kadkhodaee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghipour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Ranjbaran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Zhang J, Liu W, Zhang R, Zhao X, Fang L, Qin X, Gu R, Lu J, Li G. Hypoallergenic mutants of the major oyster allergen Cra g 1 alleviate oyster tropomyosin allergenic potency. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1973-1983. [PMID: 32758611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Design of hypoallergen with low IgE reactivity is desirable for allergen-specific immunotherapy. Despite oyster tropomyosin (Cra g 1) is considered as the major allergen, no immunotherapy is available now. In the current research, we generated hypoallergens of Cra g 1 and evaluated their allergenicity. Four hypoallergenic derivatives were constructed by epitope deletion or site-directed mutagenesis on grounds of the identified epitopes. They showed obvious reduction in reactivity towards IgE from oyster-allergic patients and Cra g 1-sensitized BN rats, as well as significant decrease in degranulation and secretion of allergic mediators including histamine, IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, to further investigate the molecular mechanism, we examined the effects of these variants on FcεRI-dependent signalling pathway in IgE-challenged RBL-2H3 cells. We found that the hypoallergenic mutants were able to attenuate FcεRI-mediated signaling cascades in tested cells. These results indicate that the hypoallergenic molecules have ideal characteristics and offer a promising new strategy in clinical immunotherapy for shellfish-allergic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Wenying Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Zhao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Lei Fang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Xiuyuan Qin
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Ruizeng Gu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China.
| | - Guoming Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, PR China.
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33
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Kianian F, Karimian SM, Kadkhodaee M, Takzaree N, Seifi B, Sadeghipour HR. Protective effects of ascorbic acid and calcitriol combination on airway remodelling in ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:107-115. [PMID: 31942829 PMCID: PMC7006747 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1710218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Context: Airway remodelling is one of the most refractory problems in asthma. According to the critical roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in airway remodelling, it is supposed that ascorbic acid and calcitriol have beneficial effects. However, a combination of antioxidants may be more effective for asthma therapy.Objective: This study investigated the protective effects of ascorbic acid in combination with calcitriol on airway remodelling in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced chronic asthma.Materials and methods: BALB/c mice were assigned into seven groups: (1) Control; (2) Asthma; (3) Ineffective C (orally 39 mg/kg ascorbic acid); (4) Ineffective D (intraperitoneally 1.5 μg/kg calcitriol); (5) Effective C (orally 130 mg/kg ascorbic acid); (6) Effective D (intraperitoneally 5 μg/kg calcitriol); (7) Combination (orally 39 mg/kg ascorbic acid + intraperitoneally 1.5 μg/kg calcitriol). All animals were sensitized and challenged with OVA except in the control group (normal saline). In all treatment groups, mice were administrated vitamins 30 min before each challenge (three times per week for 8 consecutive weeks).Results: In comparison with the asthma group, co-administration of ineffective doses of ascorbic acid and calcitriol led to the decreased levels of IL-13 (50.5 ± 1.85 vs. 42.13 ± 0.37 pg/mL, p = 0.02) and IgE (58.74 ± 0.43 vs. 45.78 ± 2.05 ng/mL, p = 0.003) as well as the reduction of goblet hyperplasia and subepithelial fibrosis (5 vs. 1 score, p = 0.001 and 5 vs. 2 score, p = 0.001, respectively).Discussion and conclusions: Combination of ascorbic acid with calcitriol in ineffective doses improves airway remodelling due to additive effects possibly through reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. This study provides a scientific basis for further research and clinical applications of ascorbic acid and calcitriol and can be generalized to the broader pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Kianian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Karimian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehri Kadkhodaee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Takzaree
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behjat Seifi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghipour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- CONTACT Hamid Reza Sadeghipour Department of Physiology, Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Poorsina Ave, Tehran, Iran
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Caiazzo E, Cerqua I, Riemma MA, Turiello R, Ialenti A, Schrader J, Fiume G, Caiazza C, Roviezzo F, Morello S, Cicala C. Exacerbation of Allergic Airway Inflammation in Mice Lacking ECTO-5'-Nucleotidase (CD73). Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:589343. [PMID: 33328996 PMCID: PMC7734328 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.589343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The airways are a target tissue of type I allergies and atopy is the main etiological factor of bronchial asthma. A predisposition to allergy and individual response to allergens are dependent upon environmental and host factors. Early studies performed to clarify the role of extracellular adenosine in the airways highlighted the importance of adenosine-generating enzymes CD73, together with CD39, as an innate protection system against lung injury. In experimental animals, deletion of CD73 has been associated with immune and autoimmune diseases. Our experiments have been performed to investigate the role of CD73 in the assessment of allergic airway inflammation following sensitization. We found that in CD73−/− mice sensitization, induced by subcutaneous ovalbumin (OVA) administration, increased signs of airway inflammation and atopy developed, characterized by high IgE plasma levels and increased pulmonary cytokines, reduced frequency of lung CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells, but without bronchial hyperreactivity, compared to sensitized wild type mice. Our results provide evidence that the lack of CD73 causes an uncontrolled allergic sensitization, suggesting that CD73 is a key molecule at the interface between innate and adaptive immune response. The knowledge of host immune factors controlling allergic sensitization is of crucial importance and might help to find preventive interventions that could act before an allergy develops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Caiazzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Cerqua
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Riemma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Turiello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Armando Ialenti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Jurgen Schrader
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Fiume
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmen Caiazza
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Morello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Carla Cicala
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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35
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Hong H, Liao S, Chen F, Yang Q, Wang D. Role of IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP in triggering united airway diseases toward type 2 inflammation. Allergy 2020; 75:2794-2804. [PMID: 32737888 DOI: 10.1111/all.14526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Under the concept of "united airway diseases," the airway is a single organ wherein upper and lower airway diseases are commonly comorbid. The upper and lower airways are lined with respiratory epithelium that plays a vital role in immune surveillance and modulation as the first line of defense to various infective pathogens, allergens, and physical insults. Recently, there is a common hypothesis emphasizing epithelium-derived cytokines, namely IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP, as key regulatory factors that link in immune-pathogenic mechanisms of allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and asthma, mainly involving in type 2 inflammatory responses and linking innate and adaptive immunities. Herein, we review studies that elucidated the role of epithelium-derived triple cytokines in both upper and lower airways with the purpose of expediting better clinical treatments and managements of AR, CRS, asthma, and other associated allergic diseases via applications of the modulators of these cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology Allergy Center The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
- Department of Otolaryngology National University of Singapore National University Health System Singapore Singapore
| | - Shumin Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology Allergy Center The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Fenghong Chen
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Qintai Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - De‐Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology National University of Singapore National University Health System Singapore Singapore
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36
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Harkema JR, Eldridge EA, Freeland A, Jackson-Humbles D, Lewandowski RA, Wagner JG, Krieger SM, Hotchkiss JA. Pathogenesis and Persistence of Increased Epithelial Mucosubstances in the Nasal Airways of Rats and Mice Episodically Exposed to Ethylene. Toxicol Pathol 2020; 48:875-886. [PMID: 32975493 DOI: 10.1177/0192623320960459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rats repeatedly exposed to high airborne concentrations of ethylene develop eosinophilic rhinitis and mucous cell hyperplasia/hypertrophy (MCH) in nasal respiratory epithelium. Mechanisms underlying these lesions are not well understood to inform occupational exposure guidelines. In this study, we determined (1) the nasal histopathology in rats episodically exposed to ethylene, (2) the ethylene-induced nasal histopathology in similarly exposed mice, and (3) how innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a role in ethylene-induced MCH. Animals were exposed to 0 or 10,000 ppm ethylene, 6 h/d, 5 d/wk, for 2 weeks and sacrificed 1 day or 2 weeks postexposure. Others received three 2-week exposure blocks separated by 2-week intervals of no exposure. Episodic exposure was chosen to aid in distinguishing irritant from immune responses. Mucous cell hyperplasia/hypertrophy was induced by ethylene in both species. Rats developed a mild, but transient, eosinophilic rhinitis. Mucous cell hyperplasia/hypertrophy was transient in mice, but persistent in rats. Increases in epithelial mucosubstances after 2 weeks of exposure were only present in ILC-sufficient mice, but not in ILC-deficient mice suggesting that ILCs play a role in MCH and overexpression of genes associated with mucus production/secretion. These findings in animals suggest that inhaled ethylene does not act as a sensitizing agent and will not induce allergen-like nasal airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Elyse A Eldridge
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amy Freeland
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Daven Jackson-Humbles
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ryan A Lewandowski
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - James G Wagner
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, 3078Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shannon M Krieger
- 540144Toxicology & Environmental Research and Consulting, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA
| | - Jon A Hotchkiss
- 540144Toxicology & Environmental Research and Consulting, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA
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37
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Liu Y, Bastiaan-Net S, Wichers HJ. Current Understanding of the Structure and Function of Fungal Immunomodulatory Proteins. Front Nutr 2020; 7:132. [PMID: 33015115 PMCID: PMC7461872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) are a group of proteins found in fungi, which are extensively studied for their immunomodulatory activity. Currently, more than 38 types of FIPs have been described. Based on their conserved structure and protein identity, FIPs can be classified into five subgroups: Fve-type FIPs (Pfam PF09259), Cerato-type FIPs (Pfam PF07249), PCP-like FIPs, TFP-like FIPs, and unclassified FIPs. Among the five subgroups, Fve-type FIPs are the most studied for their hemagglutinating, immunomodulating, and anti-cancer properties. In general, these small proteins consist of 110–125 amino acids, with a molecular weight of ~13 kDa. The other four subgroups are relatively less studied, but also show a noticeable influence on immune cells. In this review, we summarized the protein modifications, 3-dimensional structures and bioactivities of all types of FIPs. Moreover, structure-function relationship of FIPs has been discussed, including relationship between carbohydrate binding module and hemagglutination, correlation of oligomerization and cytokine induction, relevance of glycosylation and lymphocyte activation. This summary and discussion may help gain comprehensive understanding of FIPs' working mechanisms and scope future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Liu
- Laboratory of Food Enzyme Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China.,Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Shanna Bastiaan-Net
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Harry J Wichers
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
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38
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Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zuo X, Pan H, Gu Y, Yuan Y, Wang G, Wang S, Zheng R, Liu Z, Wang F, Zheng J. The role of NTHi colonization and infection in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma. Respir Res 2020; 21:170. [PMID: 32620122 PMCID: PMC7333292 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease. The neutrophilic subtypes of asthma are described as persistent, more severe and corticosteroid-resistant, with higher hospitalization and mortality rates, which seriously affect the lives of asthmatic patients. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, an increasing amount of evidence has shown that lower airway microbiome dysbiosis contributes to the exacerbation of asthma, especially neutrophilic asthma. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is normally found in the upper respiratory tract of healthy adults and is one of the most common strains in the lower respiratory tract of neutrophilic asthma patients, in whom its presence is related to the occurrence of corticosteroid resistance. To understand the pathogenic mechanism by which nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae colonization leads to the progression of neutrophilic asthma, we reviewed the previous literature on nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae colonization and subsequent aggravation of neutrophilic asthma and corticosteroid resistance. We discussed nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae as a potential therapeutic target to prevent the progression of neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xu Zuo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - He Pan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yinuo Gu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuze Yuan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shiji Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ruipeng Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Interventional Therapy, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingtong Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China. .,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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39
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Dileepan M, Ha SG, Rastle-Simpson S, Ge XN, Greenberg YG, Wijesinghe DS, Contaifer D, Rao SP, Sriramarao P. Pulmonary delivery of ORMDL3 short hairpin RNA - a potential tool to regulate allergen-induced airway inflammation. Exp Lung Res 2020; 46:243-257. [PMID: 32578458 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1781297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim/Purpose: Exposure to various allergens has been shown to increase expression of ORMDL3 in the lung in models of allergic asthma. Studies using genetically modified (transgenic or knock out) mice have revealed some of the functions of ORMDL3 in asthma pathogenesis, although amid debate. The goal of this study was to use targeted post-transcriptional downregulation of ORMDL3 in allergen-challenged wild-type (WT) mice by RNA interference to further elucidate the functional role of ORMDL3 in asthma pathogenesis and evaluate a potential therapeutic option.Methods: Allergen (ovalbumin [OVA])-challenged WT mice were administered intranasally (i.n) with a single dose of five short hairpin RNA (shRNA) constructs with different target sequence for murine ORMDL3 cloned in a lentiviral vector or with the empty vector (control). Mice were evaluated for allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and various features of airway inflammation after 72 hours.Results: I.n administration of a single dose of ORMDL3 shRNAs to OVA-challenged mice resulted in reduction of ORMDL3 gene expression in the lungs associated with a significant reduction in AHR to inhaled methacholine and in the number of inflammatory cells recruited in the airways, specifically eosinophils, as well as in airway mucus secretion compared to OVA-challenged mice that received the empty vector. Administration of ORMDL3 shRNAs also significantly inhibited levels of IL-13, eotaxin-2 and sphingosine in the lungs. Additionally, ORMDL3 shRNAs significantly inhibited the allergen-mediated increase in monohexyl ceramides C22:0 and C24:0.Conclusions: Post-transcriptional down regulation of ORMDL3 in allergic lungs using i.n-delivered ORMDL3 shRNA (akin to inhaled therapy) attenuates development of key features of airway allergic disease, confirming the involvement of ORMDL3 in allergic asthma pathogenesis and serving as a model for a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythili Dileepan
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Sung Gil Ha
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Xiao Na Ge
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.,Merck & Co., Inc, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yana G Greenberg
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Dayanjan S Wijesinghe
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Contaifer
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Savita P Rao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - P Sriramarao
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
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40
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Chinn AM, Insel PA. Cyclic AMP in dendritic cells: A novel potential target for disease-modifying agents in asthma and other allergic disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:3363-3377. [PMID: 32372523 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases are immune disorders that are a global health problem, affecting a large portion of the world's population. Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease that alters the biology of the airway. A substantial portion of patients with asthma do not respond to conventional therapies; thus, new and effective therapeutics are needed. Dendritic cells (DCs), antigen presenting cells that regulate helper T cell differentiation, are key drivers of allergic inflammation but are not the target of current therapies. Here we review the role of dendritic cells in allergic conditions and propose a disease-modifying strategy for treating allergic asthma: cAMP-mediated inhibition of dendritic cells to blunt allergic inflammation. This approach contrasts with current treatments that focus on treating clinical manifestations of airway inflammation. Disease-modifying agents that target cAMP and its signalling pathway in dendritic cells may provide a novel means to treat asthma and other allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Chinn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Paul A Insel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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41
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Inhibitory Effects of AF-343, a Mixture of Cassia tora L., Ulmus pumila L., and Taraxacum officinale, on Compound 48/80-Mediated Allergic Responses in RBL-2H3 Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102434. [PMID: 32456051 PMCID: PMC7288106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the antiallergic effects of AF-343, a mixture of natural plant extracts from Cassia tora L., Ulmus pumila L., and Taraxacum officinale, on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. The inhibitory effects on cell degranulation, proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were studied in compound 48/80-treated RBL-2H3 cells. The bioactive compounds in AF-343 were also identified by HPLC–UV. AF-343 was found to effectively suppress compound 48/80-induced β-hexosaminidase release, and interleukin (IL)-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production in RBL-2H3 cells. In addition, AF-343 exhibited DPPH free radical scavenging effects in vitro (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 105 μg/mL) and potently inhibited compound 48/80-induced cellular ROS generation in a 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Specifically, treatment with AF-343 exerted stronger antioxidant effects in vitro and antiallergic effects in cells than treatment with three single natural plant extracts. Furthermore, AF-343 was observed to contain bioactive compounds, including catechin, aurantio-obtusin, and chicoric acid, which have been reported to elicit antiallergic responses. This study reveals that AF-343 attenuates allergic responses via suppression of β-hexosaminidase release, IL-4 and TNF-α secretion, and ROS generation, perhaps through mechanisms related to catechin, aurantio-obtusin, and chicoric acid. The results indicate that AF-343 can be considered a treatment for various allergic diseases.
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42
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Zhang H, Sun Y, Lin Z, Yang G, Liu J, Mo L, Geng X, Song Y, Zeng H, Zhao M, Li G, Liu Z, Yang P. CARsomes inhibit airway allergic inflammation in mice by inducing antigen-specific Th2 cell apoptosis. Allergy 2020; 75:1205-1216. [PMID: 31846514 DOI: 10.1111/all.14157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skewed T helper (Th)2 response plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The therapeutic efficacy for allergic diseases is unsatisfactory currently. This study aims to regulate the skewed Th2 response with CARsomes. METHODS The CARsome consisted of an epitope of Dermatophagoides farina-1 (Derf1), a segment of the anti-DEC205 antibody, the scFv, and an open reading frame of perforin. This fusion protein binds to DEC205 molecule on the surface of exosomes derived from dendritic cells (DC). The effects of CARsome on inducing antigen (Ag)-specific Th2 cell apoptosis were assessed both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Exposure to CARsomes in the culture induced Ag-specific Th2 cell apoptosis. Injection of CARsomes through the vein puncture also induced Ag-specific Th2 cell apoptosis in the lungs of sensitized mice. CARsomes could induce Ag-specific regulatory T cells. Administration of CARsomes efficiently inhibited experimental allergic airway inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The CARsomes can inhibit allergic airway inflammation by inducing Ag-specific Th2 cell apoptosis and induce Ag-specific regulatory T cells. The data suggest that CARsomes have the translational potential to be used to treat allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan‐Ping Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China
| | - Ying‐Xue Sun
- Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology University of Western Ontario London ON Canada
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China
| | - Gui Yang
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Jiang‐Qi Liu
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Li‐Hua Mo
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology Shenzhen Hospital Southern Medical University Shenzhen China
| | - Xiao‐Rui Geng
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Yan‐Nan Song
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Hao‐Tao Zeng
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Miao Zhao
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Guo‐Shun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (PCCM) First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China
| | - Zhi‐Gang Liu
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Ping‐Chang Yang
- ENT Institute of the Research Center of Allergy and Immunology Shenzhen University School of Medicine Shenzhen China
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43
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Ting NC, Huang WC, Chen LC, Yang SH, Kuo ML. Descurainia sophia Ameliorates Eosinophil Infiltration and Airway Hyperresponsiveness by Reducing Th2 Cytokine Production in Asthmatic Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 47:1507-1522. [PMID: 31752525 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In Chinese medicine, Descurainia sophia is used to treat cough by removing the phlegm in asthma and inflammatory airway disease, but the mechanism is not clear. In this study, we evaluated whether D. sophia water extract (DSWE) can alleviate airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in the lungs of a murine asthma model. Female BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: normal controls, ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized asthmatic mice, and OVA-sensitized mice treated with DSWE (2, 4, 8 g/day) by intraperitoneal injection. After sacrificing the mice, serum was collected to detect OVA-specific antibodies by ELISA, as well as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) to detect cytokine levels. We also detected gene expression and histopathologically evaluated the lungs of asthmatic mice. DSWE reduced AHR, goblet cell hyperplasia, eosinophil infiltration, and collagen aggregation in the lungs of asthmatic mice. DSWE also suppressed the gene expression of Th2-associated cytokines and chemokines in lung tissue and inhibited serum OVA-IgE and Th2-associated cytokine levels in the BALF of OVA-sensitized mice. Our findings suggest that DSWE is a powerful immunomodulator for ameliorated allergic reactions by suppressing Th2 cytokine expression in asthmatic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Chun Ting
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Sien-Hung Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.,Division of Chinese Internal Medicine Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
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Lin CC, Wang YY, Chen SM, Liu YT, Li JQ, Li F, Dai JC, Zhang T, Qiu F, Liu H, Dai Z, Zhang ZD. Shegan-Mahuang Decoction ameliorates asthmatic airway hyperresponsiveness by downregulating Th2/Th17 cells but upregulating CD4+FoxP3+ Tregs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 253:112656. [PMID: 32035217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shegan-Mahuang Decoction (SMD), also named Yakammaoto or Shegan-Mahuang Tang, is a classic formula of traditional Chinese medicine with nine herbs, including Asarum sieboldii Miq., Aster tataricus L.f., Ephedra sinica Stapf, Belamcanda chinensis (L.) Redouté, Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill., Tussilago farfara L., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. SMD was originally discovered by Zhang Zhongjing in Eastern Han dynasty. It has been widely used as traditional medicine to treat flu-like symptoms in China and Japan for around twenty centuries. It was also utilized for the treatment of the early stage of acute asthma. However, the immune mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was set to investigate the effects of SMD on asthmatic airway hyperresponsiveness and its impacts on adaptive immunity in a mouse model of asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HPLC fingerprint profile of the water extract of SMD recorded 22 peaks, including those equivalent to guanosine, chlorogenic acid, tectoridin, 6-gingerol and wuweizisu B, as described previously (Yen et al., 2014). Airway hyperresponsiveness was assessed by measuring the airway resistance. Cellular infiltration was measured via H&E staining and immunochemistry while gene expression was analyzed using real-time RT-PCR. Treg frequency was determined through flow analysis whereas cytokine production in the supernatant was evaluated using ELISA. Finally, mTOR and NF-kB signalings were analyzed via Western blotting. RESULTS We found that SMD largely corrected the imbalance of Th cell subsets in asthmatic mice with a significant inhibition of Th2 and Th17 cytokine production, thereby reducing asthmatic airway hyperresponsiveness. Moreover, lung function tests showed that SMD reduced airway hyperresponsiveness while immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that SMD attenuated pulmonary infiltration of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells. Further, we observed a significant increase in the proportion of CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs in SMD-treated asthmatic mice. We also found that SMD downregulated gene expression of GATA3 and ROR-γt in murine lung tissue. In addition, both mTOR- and NF-kB-related protein expressions were reduced in the lung tissue of SMD-treated mice. SMD inhibited Th2/Th17 cytokine production by CD4+ T cells and also their mTOR activity in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that SMD attenuates asthmatic airway hyperresponsiveness by hindering Th2/Th17 differentiation, promoting CD4+FoxP3+ Treg generation and suppressing mTOR and NF-kB activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chuang Lin
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Si-Min Chen
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yun-Tao Liu
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ji-Qiang Li
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Fang Li
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jie-Chen Dai
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Feifei Qiu
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Huazhen Liu
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhenhua Dai
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Zhong-De Zhang
- Section of Immunology & Joint Immunology Program, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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45
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Sangaphunchai P, Todd I, Fairclough LC. Extracellular vesicles and asthma: A review of the literature. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 50:291-307. [PMID: 31925972 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic, recurrent and incurable allergy-related respiratory disease characterized by inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and narrowing of the airways. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a universal feature of cellular function and can be detected in different bodily fluids. Recent evidence has shown the possibility of using EVs in understanding the pathogenesis of asthma, including their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Studies have reported that EVs released from key cells involved in asthma can induce priming and activation of other asthma-associated cells. A literature review was conducted on all current research regarding the role and function of EVs in the pathogenesis of asthma via the PRISMA statement method. An electronic search was performed using EMBASE and PubMed through to November 2018. The EMBASE search returned 76 papers, while the PubMed search returned 211 papers. Following duplicate removal, titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility with a total of 34 studies included in the final qualitative analysis. The review found evidence of association between the presence of EVs and physiological changes characteristic of asthma, suggesting that EVs are involved in the pathogenesis, with the weight of evidence presently favouring deleterious effects of EVs in asthma. Numerous studies highlighted differences in exosomal contents between EVs of healthy and asthmatic individuals, which could be employed as potential diagnostic markers. In some circumstances, EVs were also found to be suppressive to disease, but more often promote inflammation and airway remodelling. In conclusion, EVs hold immense potential in understanding the pathophysiology of asthma, and as diagnostic and therapeutic markers. While more research is needed for definitive conclusions and their application in medical practice, the literature presented in this review should encourage further research and discovery within the field of EVs and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Todd
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lucy C Fairclough
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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46
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Zhu FF, Wang YM, He GZ, Chen YF, Gao YD. Different effects of acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor TOFA on airway inflammation and airway resistance in a mice model of asthma. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1011-1020. [PMID: 32048254 PMCID: PMC7223088 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) regulates the differentiation of Th1, Th2, Th17 cells and Treg cells, which play a critical role in airway inflammation of asthma. Here we investigated the role of ACC in the pathogenesis of asthma. Methods Chicken Ovalbumin-sensitized and -challenged mice were divided into three groups, PBS group, DMSO (solvent of TOFA) group and ACC inhibitor 5-tetradecyloxy-2-furoic acid (TOFA) + DMSO group. Airway inflammation was assessed with histology, percentages of CD4+T cell subsets in lung and spleen was assessed with flow cytometry, and airway responsiveness was assessed with FinePointe RC system. The expression of characteristic transcription factors of CD4+T cell subsets was evaluated with real-time PCR. Cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum was determined with ELISA. Results In asthma mice, the expression of ACC increased, while the expression of phosphorylated ACC (pACC) decreased. TOFA had no significant effect on pACC expression. TOFA reduced serum IgE, airway inflammatory cells infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia, but dramatically increased airway responsiveness. TOFA significantly reduced the percentages of Th1, Th2, Th17 cells in lung and spleen, the expression of GATA3 and RORγt in lung, and IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A levels in BALF and serum. TOFA had no significant effect on the percentage of Treg cells, IL-10 level and the expression of T-bet and Foxp3. Conclusion Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor TOFA might have a distinct effect on asthmatic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhen He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Dong Gao
- Department of Allergology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Licari A, Castagnoli R, Manca E, Votto M, Michev A, Marseglia GL. Towards Precision Medicine in Pediatric Severe Asthma: An Update on Current and Emerging Biomarkers. CURRENT RESPIRATORY MEDICINE REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573398x15666190423150227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric severe asthma is actually considered a rare disease with a heterogeneous nature.
Recent cohort studies focusing on children with severe asthma identified different clinical
presentations (phenotypes) and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms (endotypes). Phenotyping
and endotyping asthma represent the current approach to patients with severe asthma and consist in
characterizing objectively measurable and non-invasive indicators (biomarkers) capable of orienting
diagnosis, management and personalized treatment, as advocated by the Precision Medicine
approach. The aim of this review is to provide a practical overview of current and emerging
biomarkers in pediatric severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Licari
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Enrica Manca
- Department of Pediatrics, “Casa del Sollievo e della Sofferenza” Scientific Institute, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Martina Votto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Abstract
CD4+ T helper cells play crucial roles in adaptive immune response against pathogens, as well as in host immune homeostasis. Upon TCR activation, naïve CD4+ T cells differentiate into one of several lineages of Th cells, with hallmark transcription factors, cytokine production, and functions in vivo, according to the particular cytokine milieu. To study the regulating mechanism and function of Th cells, in vitro CD4+ T-cell differentiation is crucial. The following protocols describe the methods to induce naïve CD4+ T-cell differentiate into Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg by activating TCR, together with the different cytokines and blocking antibodies in vitro. The efficiency of T helper cell differentiation is examined by detecting the expression of hallmark cytokines and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueying Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Park SC, Kim H, Bak Y, Shim D, Kwon KW, Kim CH, Yoon JH, Shin SJ. An Alternative Dendritic Cell-Induced Murine Model of Asthma Exhibiting a Robust Th2/Th17-Skewed Response. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020; 12:537-555. [PMID: 32141265 PMCID: PMC7061158 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.3.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Simple and reliable animal models of human diseases contribute to the understanding of disease pathogenesis as well as the development of therapeutic interventions. Although several murine models to mimic human asthma have been established, most of them require anesthesia, resulting in variability among test individuals, and do not mimic asthmatic responses accompanied by T-helper (Th) 17 and neutrophils. As dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play an important role in initiating and maintaining asthmatic inflammation, we developed an asthma model via adoptive transfer of allergen-loaded DCs. METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA)-loaded bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) (OVA-BMDCs) were injected intravenously 3 times into non-anesthetized C57BL/6 mice after intraperitoneal OVA-sensitization. RESULTS OVA-BMDC-transferred mice developed severe asthmatic immune responses when compared with mice receiving conventional OVA challenge intranasally. Notably, remarkable increases in systemic immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IgG1 responses, Th2/Th17-associated cytokines (interleukin [IL]-5, IL-13 and IL-17), Th2/Th17-skewed T-cell responses, and cellular components, including eosinophils, neutrophils, and goblet cells, were observed in the lungs of OVA-BMDC-transferred mice. Moreover, the asthmatic immune responses and severity of inflammation were correlated with the number of OVA-BMDCs transferred, indicating that the disease severity and asthma type may be adjusted according to the experimental purpose by this method. Furthermore, this model exhibited less variation among the test individuals than the conventional model. In addition, this DCs-based asthma model was partially resistant to steroid treatment. CONCLUSIONS A reliable murine model of asthma by intravenous (i.v.) transfer of OVA-BMDCs was successfully established without anesthesia. This model more accurately reflects heterogeneous human asthma, exhibiting a robust Th2/Th17-skewed response and eosinophilic/neutrophilic infiltration with good reproducibility and low variation among individuals. This model will be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of asthma and would serve as an alternative tool for immunological studies on the function of DCs, T-cell responses and new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongmin Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeeun Bak
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dahee Shim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Woong Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Global Research Laboratory for Allergic Airway Diseases, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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50
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Chia SB, Elko EA, Aboushousha R, Manuel AM, van de Wetering C, Druso JE, van der Velden J, Seward DJ, Anathy V, Irvin CG, Lam YW, van der Vliet A, Janssen-Heininger YMW. Dysregulation of the glutaredoxin/ S-glutathionylation redox axis in lung diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 318:C304-C327. [PMID: 31693398 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00410.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione is a major redox buffer, reaching millimolar concentrations within cells and high micromolar concentrations in airways. While glutathione has been traditionally known as an antioxidant defense mechanism that protects the lung tissue from oxidative stress, glutathione more recently has become recognized for its ability to become covalently conjugated to reactive cysteines within proteins, a modification known as S-glutathionylation (or S-glutathiolation or protein mixed disulfide). S-glutathionylation has the potential to change the structure and function of the target protein, owing to its size (the addition of three amino acids) and charge (glutamic acid). S-glutathionylation also protects proteins from irreversible oxidation, allowing them to be enzymatically regenerated. Numerous enzymes have been identified to catalyze the glutathionylation/deglutathionylation reactions, including glutathione S-transferases and glutaredoxins. Although protein S-glutathionylation has been implicated in numerous biological processes, S-glutathionylated proteomes have largely remained unknown. In this paper, we focus on the pathways that regulate GSH homeostasis, S-glutathionylated proteins, and glutaredoxins, and we review methods required toward identification of glutathionylated proteomes. Finally, we present the latest findings on the role of glutathionylation/glutaredoxins in various lung diseases: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi B Chia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Evan A Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Reem Aboushousha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Allison M Manuel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Joseph E Druso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jos van der Velden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - David J Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Charles G Irvin
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Ying-Wai Lam
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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