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Wang S, Zheng X, Ye J, Sun Z, Chen Z, Cao G, Zhang Y, Shen F, Gao CX, Qian H. Impact of climate zones and seasons on indoor airborne microbial communities: Insights from a comprehensive analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171879. [PMID: 38521271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi are ubiquitous throughout built environments and are suspended in the air, potentially affecting human health. However, the impacts of climate zones on the diversity, structure, and stochastic assembly of indoor airborne microbes remain unknown. This study comprehensively analyzed indoor airborne microbes across five climate zones in China during the summer and winter using high-throughput sequencing. The diversity and structure of indoor airborne communities vary across climatic zones. A random forest model was used to identify biomarkers in different climate zones. The results showed no relationship between the biomarkers and their rankings in mean relative abundance. The Sloan neutral model fitting results indicated that the impact of climate zones on the stochastic process in the assembly of indoor airborne microbes was considerably more important than that of seasons. Additionally, the influence of seasons on the diversity, structure, and stochastic assembly process of indoor airborne microbes differed among different climate zones. The diversity, structure, and stochastic assembly processes of bacteria present distinctive outcomes in climate zones and seasons compared with those of fungi. Overall, these findings indicate that customized strategies are necessary to manage indoor airborne microbial communities in each climate zone, season, and for specific microbial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqi Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jin Ye
- School of Energy and Power, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Zongke Sun
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ziguang Chen
- Institute of Building Environmental and Energy Efficiency, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- Institute of Building Environmental and Energy Efficiency, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fangxia Shen
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Caroline X Gao
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hua Qian
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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Zhang T, Liu M, Zhou D, Ma Z, Chen L, Wu D, Diao H, Wang W, Li D, Zhen Q. Environmental factors and particle size shape the community structure of airborne total and pathogenic bacteria in a university campus. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1371656. [PMID: 38651126 PMCID: PMC11033423 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the dense population on university campuses, indoor and outdoor airborne bacterial contamination may lead to the rapid spread of diseases in a university environment. However, there are few studies of the characteristics of airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities in different sites on a university campus. In this study, we collected particulate matter samples from indoor and outdoor locations at a university in Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China, and analyzed the community characteristics of airborne and pathogenic bacteria using a high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that the composition of the dominant airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities was consistent among sites at the phylum and genus levels, with differences in their relative abundance. There were significant differences in the structure of the airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities between indoor and outdoor sites (p < 0.05). An analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) indicated that the structure of airborne bacterial communities in indoor sites was influenced by the room occupancy rate, ventilation conditions, and the extent of indoor furnishing (p < 0.05), while the structure of pathogenic bacterial communities was influenced by the number of individuals and spatial dimensions (p < 0.05). The impact of particle size on the structure of airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities was relatively minor. A total of 194 suspected pathogenic bacterial species were identified, accounting for 0.0001-1.3923% of the total airborne bacteria, all of which were conditional pathogens. Among them, Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula, Acinetobacter johnsonii, and Moraxella osloensis exhibited relatively high relative abundance, accounting for 24.40, 16.22, and 8.66% of the total pathogenic bacteria, respectively. Moreover, 18 emerging or re-emerging pathogenic bacterial species with significant implications for human health were identified, although their relative abundance was relatively low (0.5098%). The relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria in indoor environments was significantly higher than outdoors, with the laboratory and dormitory having the highest levels. The findings of this study provide valuable guidance for the prevention and control of airborne bacterial contamination and the associated health risks in both a campus environment and other public spaces with high occupancy rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianer Zhang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- Xinchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shaoxing, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
- Quality Management Department, Fuyang Tumor Hospital, Fuyang, China
| | - Dalin Zhou
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhijing Ma
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Liu Chen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Danchen Wu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Haitao Diao
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Wanru Wang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Die Li
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Quan Zhen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
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Lu Y, Duan M, Li Y, Zhang S, Hu X, Liu L. Altitude-associated trends in bacterial communities in ultrahigh-altitude residences. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108503. [PMID: 38377724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor bacterial communities may change with altitude because their major contributors, outdoor bacterial communities, vary with altitude. People's health effects from bacteria inhalation exposure can also vary with altitude because human respiratory physiology changes with oxygen content in air. Accordingly, adjusting indoor bacterial communities may help to acclimate newcomers from low-altitude environments to ultrahigh-altitude environments. To lay the groundwork for further research, we aimed to first elucidate the bacterial communities in ultrahigh-altitude residences and the effects of altitude on these communities. We collected 187 environmental samples from residential communities at ultrahigh altitudes of 3811-4651 m in Ngari, China and sequenced bacterial 16S rRNA genes. RESULTS On one hand, when abundant genera in ultrahigh-altitude residences and those reported by previous studies on low-altitude residences were compared, nine genera were shared, whereas other five genera were abundant only at ultrahigh altitudes. On the other hand, when the bacterial communities of residences at different ultrahigh altitudes were further compared, the bacterial composition in indoor surface samples varied significantly with altitude. The relative abundance of five bacterial genera in indoor air samples and 10 genera and three phyla in indoor surface samples varied monotonically with altitude. CONCLUSIONS Altitude may be a long-neglected factor that shapes residential bacterial communities and thus warrants attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Lu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengjie Duan
- Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Eco-Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Brągoszewska E, Mainka A. Assessment of personal deposited dose and particle size distribution of bacterial aerosol in kindergarten located in southern Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123208. [PMID: 38142028 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The study's primary focus lies in examining the relationship between respiratory and deposition doses of bacterial aerosols in urban kindergarten, providing valuable insights into the specific doses absorbed by individuals in different sections of their respiratory systems based on the aerodynamic diameter of bacterial particles. Samples were collected twice a week, using by an Andersen cascade impactor during autumn and winter seasons 2018/2019 resulting in a total of 1152 Petri dishes analyzed. The highest average concentration of bacterial aerosol was observed during autumn (1698 ± 663 CFU/m3) in comparison to winter months (723 ± 134 CFU/m3). Respirable doses for children and staff were 2945 and 2441 CFU/day during winter and 5988 and 4964 CFU/day during autumn, respectively. Deposition doses incorporated from empirical models for regional deposition in the respiratory tract showed that children in kindergarten absorb 33% less of bacteria into alveolar region if breath by nose instead of mouth. Additionally, risk assessment results indicate that the hazard indices for children attending kindergartens for 3 years and for staff working 25 years are below 1, suggesting minor risks associated with the inhalation of bioaerosols during autumn and winter. HI was <1, so the non-carcinogenic effects are on an acceptable level, but the indoor/outdoor ratio were 3.5 and 2.4 for autumn and winter, respectively, indicating children's and adult's exposure to bacterial aerosol should be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Brągoszewska
- Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 18 Konarskiego St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Anna Mainka
- Department of Air Protection, Silesian University of Technology, 22B Konarskiego St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
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Viteri G, Rodríguez A, Aranda A, Rodriguez-Fariñas N, Valiente N, Rodriguez D, Diaz-de-Mera Y, Seseña S. Trace elements and microbial community composition associated with airborne PM 2.5 in wetlands: A case study in Tablas de Daimiel National Park. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167502. [PMID: 37793440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Tablas de Daimiel National Park (TDNP) is one of the most important wetlands in the Iberian Peninsula. Due to its location near various cities and new industries focused on agricultural waste revalorization, we investigated concurrently the concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) mass, trace element composition, and associated microbial communities (bacteria and fungi) during a year-long study. The goal of this study was to explore the dependencies among these physicochemical and microbiological parameters on a seasonal time scale. Additionally, we assessed meteorological conditions and back trajectories to shed light on atmospheric mechanisms and sources related to these elements. We found the variability of PM2.5 to be influenced by local meteorological parameters. Through the analysis of crustal enrichment factors (EFs), bivariate correlations, and air mass patterns, we determined that soil resuspension was the primary contributor to elevated metal concentrations in PM2.5 within the park, followed by other minor sources, such as traffic emissions and Sahara dust intrusions. The measured metal levels were used to calculate the ecological risk in the area, resulting in a low ecological risk index (RI) of 52. Shifts in microbial community structure were observed to be mainly driven by changes in air temperature and Cu concentration. The results from this study contribute to a better understanding of the environmental dynamics in TDNP. Taken together, our findings will aid in the development of effective strategies for its conservation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Viteri
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Aranda
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Nicolás Valiente
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Diana Rodriguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Yolanda Diaz-de-Mera
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Susana Seseña
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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Nishimura M, Tanaka T, Murata S, Miyabe A, Ishige T, Kawasaki K, Yokoyama M, Hashimoto N, Yamagata K, Nagano H, Tojo-Nishimura S, Matsushita K. Extension of bacterial rDNA sequencing for simultaneous methylation detection and its application in microflora analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5731. [PMID: 37029177 PMCID: PMC10082018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28706-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of the bacterial 16S rDNA region has numerous scientific applications, it does not provide DNA methylation information. Herein, we propose a simple extension for bisulfite sequencing to investigate 5-methylcytosine residues in the bacterial 16S rDNA region from clinical isolates or flora. Multiple displacement amplification without DNA denaturation was used to preferentially pre-amplify single-stranded bacterial DNA after bisulfite conversion. Following the pre-amplification, the 16S rDNA region was analyzed using nested bisulfite PCR and sequencing, enabling the simultaneous identification of DNA methylation status and sequence data. We used this approach (termed sm16S rDNA PCR/sequencing) to identify novel methylation sites and a methyltransferase (M. MmnI) in Morganella morganii and different methylation motifs among Enterococcus faecalis strains from small volumes of clinical specimens. Further, our analysis suggested that M. MmnI may be correlated to erythromycin resistance. Thus, sm16S rDNA PCR/sequencing is a useful extension method for analyzing the DNA methylation of 16S rDNA regions in a microflora, providing additional information not provided by conventional PCR. Given the relationship between DNA methylation status and drug resistance in bacteria, we believe this technique can be effectively applied in clinical sample testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Nishimura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Syota Murata
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishige
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawasaki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoko Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Yamagata
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Nagano
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satomi Tojo-Nishimura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Madsen AM, Moslehi-Jenabian S, Frankel M, White JK, Frederiksen MW. Airborne bacterial species in indoor air and association with physical factors. UCL OPEN ENVIRONMENT 2023; 5:e056. [PMID: 37229345 PMCID: PMC10208329 DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to obtain knowledge about which cultivable bacterial species are present in indoor air in homes, and whether the concentration and diversity of airborne bacteria are associated with different factors. Measurements have been performed for one whole year inside different rooms in five homes and once in 52 homes. Within homes, a room-to-room variation for concentrations of airborne bacteria was found, but an overlap in bacterial species was found across rooms. Eleven species were found very commonly and included: Acinetobacter lowffii, Bacillus megaterium, B. pumilus, Kocuria carniphila, K. palustris, K. rhizophila, Micrococcus flavus, M. luteus, Moraxella osloensis and Paracoccus yeei. The concentrations of Gram-negative bacteria in general and the species P. yeei were significantly associated with the season with the highest concentrations in spring. The concentrations of P. yeei, K. rhizophila and B. pumilus were associated positively with relative humidity (RH), and concentrations of K. rhizophila were associated negatively with temperature and air change rate (ACR). Micrococcus flavus concentrations were associated negatively with ACR. Overall, this study identified species which are commonly present in indoor air in homes, and that the concentrations of some species were associated with the factors: season, ACR and RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mette Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Saloomeh Moslehi-Jenabian
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mika Frankel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - John Kerr White
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margit W. Frederiksen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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8
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Lee I, Jeon E, Lee J. On-site bioaerosol sampling and detection in microfluidic platforms. Trends Analyt Chem 2023; 158:116880. [PMID: 36514783 PMCID: PMC9731818 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and several severe illnesses such as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Influenza A virus (IAV) flu, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have been found to be airborne, the importance of monitoring bioaerosols for the control and prevention of airborne epidemic diseases outbreaks is increasing. However, current aerosol collection and detection technologies may be limited to on-field use for real-time monitoring because of the relatively low concentrations of targeted bioaerosols in air samples. Microfluidic devices have been used as lab-on-a-chip platforms and exhibit outstanding capabilities in airborne particulate collection, sample processing, and target molecule analysis, thereby highlighting their potential for on-site bioaerosol monitoring. This review discusses the measurement of airborne microorganisms from air samples, including sources and transmission of bioaerosols, sampling strategies, and analytical methodologies. Recent advancements in microfluidic platforms have focused on bioaerosol sample preparation strategies, such as sorting, concentrating, and extracting, as well as rapid and field-deployable detection methods for analytes on microfluidic chips. Furthermore, we discuss an integrated platform for on-site bioaerosol analyses. We believe that our review significantly contributes to the literature as it assists in bridging the knowledge gaps in bioaerosol monitoring using microfluidic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Eunyoung Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Joonseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
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9
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Cui J, Chen C, Gan Q, Wang T, Li W, Zeng W, Xu X, Chen G, Wang L, Lu Z, Li J, Jin B. Indoor microplastics and bacteria in the atmospheric fallout in urban homes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158233. [PMID: 36007647 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Humans may be exposed to microplastics (MPs) through food, drink, and air. Although several studies have examined indoor environmental MPs, none have yet compared atmospheric MP and bacterial deposition characteristics among rooms in homes. We investigated indoor airborne MPs and bacteria in five room types (bedroom, dining room, living room, bathroom, and study) based on the duration of usage of each room. We identified synthetic polymers (23,889 MP particles of 21 types) and bacterial communities (383 genera belong to 24 phyla) collected through atmospheric deposition in various rooms of 20 homes. The abundance and composition of MPs are related to the duration of usage, human activities, goods, cleanliness, and the composition of occupants (family members) in households. In addition, the homes of elderly families (age 68-81 years) showed higher bacterial concentrations than those of young families (age 28-35 years), indicating that age markedly affects the structure of household microbiota. Furthermore, a significant correlation between MP concentration and bacterial community structure was observed. The abundances of polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), and polyethylene (PE) showed positive correlations with the relative abundances of major bacterial phyla. Taken together, our results suggest that various rooms in the home exhibit distinct MP abundances and bacterial structures that may be affected by age, cleanliness, and human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Cui
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Quan Gan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tongfei Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Gang Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhaogeng Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jiana Li
- Ningbo Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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10
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Du C, Li B, Yu W, Yao R, Cai J, Li B, Yao Y, Wang Y, Chen M, Essah E. Characteristics of annual mold variations and association with childhood allergic symptoms/diseases via combining surveys and home visit measurements. INDOOR AIR 2022; 32:e13113. [PMID: 36168229 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of dampness and visible molds leads to concerns of poor indoor air quality which has been consistently linked with increased exacerbation and development of allergy and respiratory diseases. Due to the limitations of epidemiological surveys, the actual fungal exposure characteristics in residences has not been sufficiently understood. This study aimed to characterize household fungal diversity and its annual temporal and spatial variations. We developed combined cross-sectional survey, repeated air sampling around a year, and DNA sequencing methods. The questionnaire survey was conducted in 2019, and 4943 valid cases were received from parents; a follow-up case-control study (11 cases and 12 controls) was designed, and onsite measurements of indoor environments were repeated in typical summer, transient season, and winter; dust from floor and beddings in children's room were collected and ITS based DNA sequencing of totally 68 samples was conducted. Results from 3361 children without changes to their residences since birth verified the significant associations of indoor dampness/mold indicators and prevalence of children-reported diseases, with increased adjusted odd ratios (aORs) >1 for studied asthma, wheeze, allergic rhinitis, and eczema. The airborne fungal concentrations from air sampling were higher than 1000 CFU/m3 in summer, regardless of indoors and outdoors, indicating an intermediate pollution level. The DNA sequencing for dust showed the Aspergillus was the predominant at genus level and the Aspergillus_penicillioides was the most common at species level; while the fungal community and composition varied significantly in different homes and seasons, according to α and β diversity analyses. The comprehensive research methods contribute to a holistic understanding of indoor fungal exposure, including the concentrations, seasonal variations, community, and diversity, and verifies the relations with children's adverse health outcomes. The study further elucidates the role of microbiome in human health, which helps setting health-protective thresholds and managing mold treatments in buildings, to promote indoor air quality and human well-beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqiu Du
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baizhan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runming Yao
- School of the Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jiao Cai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bicheng Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinghui Yao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Emmanuel Essah
- School of the Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Fan L, Han X, Wang X, Li L, Gong S, Qi J, Li X, Ge T, Liu H, Ye D, Cao Y, Liu M, Sun Z, Su L, Yao X, Wang X. Levels, distributions and influential factors of residential airborne culturable bacteria in 12 Chinese cities: Multicenter on-site survey among dwellings. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113425. [PMID: 35561831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Residential airborne culturable bacteria (RAB) are commonly used to assess indoor microbial loads, which is a very effective and recognized indicator of public concern about residential air quality. Many countries and organizations have set exposure limits for residential bacteria. Nevertheless, few studies have been conducted in multicenter cities about the distribution and influencing factors of RAB. It is a challenge to investigate the distribution of RAB and identify the association between indoor influencing variables and RAB in China. The current finding implied the comparative results from a one-year on-site survey of 12 cities in China. The concentration of RAB ranged from 0 CFU/m3 to 18,078 CFU/m3, with an arithmetic median of 350 CFU/m3. RAB concentrations were more in the warm season than those in the cold season, and were more in the bedrooms than those in the living rooms. Indoor environmental indicators (including PM2.5 and PM10) showed the mediating role in the process of temperature and relative humidity effects on RAB. . Influential factors including family-related information (income), architectural characteristics (house type, building history, living floor, the layers of window glass, and decoration) and lifestyle behaviors (heating, new furniture, incense-burned, insecticides-used, air condition-used, and plants-growed) were related with the concentration of RAB. This study presents essential data on the distribution of RAB in some Chinese cities, and reveals the residential influential factors that might minimize health risk from RAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fan
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xu Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Li Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shuhan Gong
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Qi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xu Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tanxi Ge
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hang Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Dan Ye
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yun Cao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zongke Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Liqin Su
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
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