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Ross CA. "It's a Thing": What Nurse Elders Believe Novice Nurses Need to Know About Managing Emotional Labour. Can J Nurs Res 2024:8445621241272622. [PMID: 39119632 DOI: 10.1177/08445621241272622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional labour (EL) can take a significant toll on nurses' mental health and well-being and has serious implications for the retention of nurses in the workforce. Nurse educators have struggled to prepare novices to manage EL or find serviceable resources with which to do so within the body of nursing literature, which is dominated by essentially unhelpful narratives and is absent of the practical, real-world wisdom of elder nurses. PURPOSE This exploratory research study illuminated elder nurses' experiential knowledge and beliefs of what is important for novices to learn about EL. METHODS Conventional Content Analysis (CCA) of qualitative survey data from 688 nurses with 20+ years of experience. RESULTS CCA generated descriptive categories and sub-categories: What the elders themselves learned as student nurses, and their advice to novices in the individual realm, ("It's a Thing," healthy disengagement, supporting mental and physical well-being, reframing self-reproach), team realm (peer support, mentors), and institutional realm (structural barriers to mentors' support of novices, building novices' capacities for self-advocacy, resources to support health and well-being). CONCLUSIONS The elders' data confronted and reframed legacy individuated narratives in the literature by supporting and contextualizing nurses' emotional work. Elders advised novices that EL is a reality requiring concrete strategies to manage it throughout their practices. Elders extended their focus for management of EL beyond the individual to include peer support, mentorship, and the structural conditions in which nurses perform their EL, highlighting the need to empower nurses by building their capacity for self-advocacy of their workers' rights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Ross
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Douglas College, Coquitlam, BC, Canada
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Park JS, Kim HK, Lee M. Experience of violence, social support, nursing practice environment, and burnout on mental health among mental health nurses in South Korea: A structural equation modeling analysis. Appl Nurs Res 2024; 78:151819. [PMID: 39053992 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2024.151819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study examined the relationship between the experience of violence, social support, nursing practice environment, and mental health among South Korean mental health nurses. METHODS Structured questionnaires were distributed to participants who worked in twelve mental health hospitals, each with at least 200 beds, in South Korea. We analyzed 243 questionnaires and used AMOS 25.0 to explore the relationships between the constructs. RESULTS The total and indirect effects of the experience of violence and of social support on mental health were significant. The effects of burnout and of the nursing practice environment on mental health were positively significant. Burnout revealed a mediating association with the relationship between the experience of violence, social support, and mental health. CONCLUSION The study confirmed that the experience of violence negatively affects burnout among mental health nurses, while social support relieves burnout and strengthens mental health. IMPLEMENTATION Our research model shows that the experience of violence could affect burnout and mental health among mental health nurses. Therefore, nursing administrators should develop violence prevention policies and manuals for coping with the violence that can frequently occur in psychiatric wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Suk Park
- Keyo Mental Health Hospital, 15, Ojeon-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do 16062, South Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Department of Nursing, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, South Korea.
| | - Mihyoung Lee
- Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
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Deveau R. Everyday ordinariness, neglected but important for mental health nurses' therapeutic relationships: An initial exploration for applying Daniel Kahneman's two systems of thinking. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024; 33:369-377. [PMID: 37811594 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Mental health nurses undertake difficult and complex roles. Therapeutic relationships and engagement between mental health nurses and people experiencing severe mental ill-health provide the core purpose and rationale for such mental health care. These relationships are influenced by factors outside of frontline mental health nurses control. They are difficult to define or describe with clarity, have limited 'quantitative' evidence of effectiveness and are frequently not experienced as therapeutic. This paper presents some initial ideas regarding 'everyday ordinariness' using psychologist Daniel Kahneman's two systems of thinking as a focus for understanding and potentially improving mental health nurse practice, and therapeutic relationships and engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Deveau
- Tizard Centre, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
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Durmaz H, Karakaş SA, Erçel Ş. The Relationship Between Compassion Fatigue and Professional Self-Concept in Psychiatric Nurses. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2024; 62:22-28. [PMID: 37646604 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20230821-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the relationship between compassion fatigue and professional self-concept in psychiatric nurses. Participants included 156 nurses working in a mental health and disorders hospital in Turkey. Data were collected via a sociodemographics form, the Compassion Fatigue subscale of the Professional Quality of Life Scale, and Professional Self-Concept Scale. Participants exhibited low levels of compassion fatigue and high levels of professional self-concept. A significant negative relationship was found between participants' mean compassion fatigue scores and mean professional satisfaction, professional competence, and professional self-concept scores (p < 0.05). Professional satisfaction, professional competence, and professional self-concept decreased with increasing compassion fatigue. Nurses should be provided emotional support through in-service training and effective communication to prevent burnout. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(3), 22-28.].
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O'Malley M, O'Mahony J, Happell B, Mulcahy H. The nurse bombarded, consumed and vulnerable: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of mental health nurses' self-care at work. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2024; 31:66-76. [PMID: 37534379 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-care is essential for nurses' wellbeing, with stress posing a major barrier. Research into self-care is often absorbed into studies of burnout or resilience. Understanding lived experiences of influences on nurses' self-care practices is essential. There is currently a paucity of literature on this topic. AIM To explore mental health nurses' views about what influences their ability to self-care in relation to workplace stress and the impact on their practice and work environment. METHODS An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was utilized. In-depth interviews explored how nurses perceived the influence of environment and relationships on self-care practices in the workplace. RESULTS Participants' perceptions and experiences are embodied by the theme: the nurse bombarded, comprising two subordinate themes-the nurse consumed by the intensity of work and therapeutic relationships; and feeling vulnerable from colleague relationships and feeling undervalued. Participants described conflict between workload demands and expectations and the desire to provide optimal care. CONCLUSIONS Stressful working environments pose major barriers to effective self-care. Feeling bombarded and vulnerable, impacts nurses' lives personally and professionally. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Mental health nurses' self-care is crucial for quality practice. Strategies to address relational, personal and environmental barriers to self-care are therefore necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria O'Malley
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - James O'Mahony
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Brenda Happell
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Mulcahy
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Ni YX, Xu Y, He L, Wen Y, You GY. Relationship between job demands, work engagement, emotional workload and job performance among nurses: A moderated mediation model. Int Nurs Rev 2024. [PMID: 38294406 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the mediating effect of work engagement and the moderated mediating effect of emotional workload on the relationship between job demands and job performance among nurses. BACKGROUND Nurses work in a high-demand situation that could affect their job performance. However, previous studies have reported an inconsistent relationship between job demands and job performance. The underlying mechanism of how job demands influence job performance remains unclear. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 893 nurses from 14 cities in Sichuan Province between November and December 2021. Data were collected using the Job Demands Scale, Job Performance Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and emotional workload subscale of the Questionnaire on the Experience and Evaluation of Work. Bootstrap and simple slope methods were used to test a moderated mediation model using Hayes' PROCESS macro. The STROBE reporting guidelines were utilized. RESULTS Job demands had a positive effect on job performance, and this effect was mediated by work engagement. Emotional workload moderated the indirect relationship between job demands and job performance. Specifically, the positive effect of job demands on job performance via work engagement was attenuated in nurses with a high emotional workload. CONCLUSION This study sheds light on the complex relationship between job demands and job performance. Work engagement and emotional workload deserve more attention to improve nurses' performance. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND NURSING POLICY Policymakers and nurse managers should make efforts to develop and implement strategies to foster nurses' work engagement, reduce their emotional workload, and further help nurses efficiently deal with job demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xia Ni
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Gui-Ying You
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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Jarrett M. Commentary: Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the therapeutic relationship assessment scale for nurses. J Res Nurs 2023; 28:642-643. [PMID: 38162711 PMCID: PMC10756172 DOI: 10.1177/17449871231215747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Jarrett
- Assistant Professor in Mental Health Nursing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Hammarström L, Hellzén O, Devik SA. 'Fleeing' as a Strategy for Navigating Resistance in Patient Encounters within Forensic Care. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2890. [PMID: 37958034 PMCID: PMC10650399 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the phenomenon of "fleeing the encounter when facing resistance" as experienced by carers working in forensic inpatient care. Qualitative analysis, namely reflective lifeworld research, was used to analyze data from open-ended questions with nine carers from a Swedish regional forensic clinic. The data revealed three meaning constituents that describe the phenomenon: shielding oneself from coming to harm or harming the other, finding one's emotional balance or being exposed, and offering the patient emotional space and finding patience. The carers described their approaches in the encounters with the patients as alternating between primitive instincts and expectant empathy in order to gain control and deal with the interaction for their own part, for that of the patient, and for that of their colleagues. The phenomenon of fleeing the encounter when facing resistance was intertwined with carers' self-perception as professional carers. Negative encounters with patients evoked feelings of shame and self-blame. A carer is a key person tasked with shaping the care relationship, which requires an attitude on the part of the carer that recognizes not only the patient's lifeworld but also their own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hammarström
- Department of Nursing Science, Mid-Sweden University, 851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden; (L.H.); (O.H.)
| | - Ove Hellzén
- Department of Nursing Science, Mid-Sweden University, 851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden; (L.H.); (O.H.)
| | - Siri Andreassen Devik
- Centre for Care Research, Mid-Norway, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, 7800 Namsos, Norway
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Zhang D, Wang W, Wei F, Lu Y, Ji Y. Effects of medical and nursing group rounds combined with emotional nursing on quality of life and emotion in patients with malignant lymphoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35463. [PMID: 37800771 PMCID: PMC10553090 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of medical and nursing visits in the same group combined with emotional care on the quality of life and emotions of patients with malignant lymphoma. One hundred sixty cases of malignant lymphoma patients admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to July 2022 were selected as retrospective study subjects and divided into 80 cases each in the control group and the observation group according to the different nursing methods. Among them, the control group implemented conventional emotional care, and the observation group implemented medical and nursing visits in the same group on the basis of the control group. The differences in quality of life, anxiety-related scores and sleep quality between the 2 groups of patients with malignant lymphoma before and after nursing were compared. After nursing, the mental vitality (P = .015), social interaction (P < .001), emotional restriction (P = .007), and mental status (P = .028) scores of patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. After nursing, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (P < .001) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (P < .001) of malignant lymphoma patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the sleep quality (P < .001), increased awakening (P < .001), sleep disturbance (P < .001), night terrors (P < .001) scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The combination of medical and nursing group checkups and emotional care can effectively improve the quality of life and sleep of patients with malignant lymphoma and reduce adverse emotions, which is beneficial to patient prognosis and clinical treatment. It has certain reference value for the care of patients with malignant lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Hematological, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weijuan Wang
- Department of Hematological, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Hematological, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Department of Hematological, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Department of Hematological, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Al-Oweidat I, Shosha GA, Baker TA, Nashwan AJ. The relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment among nurses working in governmental hospitals in Jordan. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:195. [PMID: 37291597 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01361-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nurses' emotions and feelings in response to their environment and their ability to manage their emotions can significantly affect several aspects of their job. In Jordan, studies are still investigating whether emotional intelligence is significantly related to organizational commitment. AIM To investigate whether a significant relationship exists between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment among Jordanian nurses working in governmental hospitals in Jordan. METHODS The study used a descriptive cross-sectional correlational design. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit participants working in governmental hospitals. A total of 200 nurses participated in the study. A participant information sheet developed by the researcher was used to obtain the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) developed by Schutte and colleagues, and the Organizational Commitment Scale developed by Meyer and Allen were utilized for data collection. RESULTS Participants had high levels of emotional intelligence (M, SD = 122.3, 14.0) and moderate levels of organizational commitment (M, SD = 81.6, 15.7). Emotional intelligence had a significant, positive relationship with organizational commitment (r = 0.53, p < 0.01). Male nurses, widowed nurses, and nurses with higher postgraduate qualifications demonstrated significantly higher levels of emotional intelligence and organizational commitment than female nurses, single nurses, and nurses with undergraduate degrees (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Participants in the current study were highly emotionally intelligent and moderately committed to their organizations. Policies supporting the implementation of interventions to improve organizational commitment and maintain a high level of emotional intelligence should be developed and promoted by nurse managers and hospital administrators, as well as decision-makers should magnet the nurses with postgraduate degrees at clinical sites.
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Alyousef SM, Alhamidi SA. Nurse views of obstacles encountered by nurses in Saudi Arabia during the provision of psychiatric care. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 44:8-17. [PMID: 37197867 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing staff within the mental health sector are major actors in delivering healthcare. They face considerable obstacles that may hinder the provision of high-quality care to patients with mental health challenges. AIM The current study offers a description of mental health nurses' viewpoints, insights into obstacles encountered during their experiences, and recommendations for enhancing psychiatric inpatient nursing care and achieving progress toward the goals set out by Saudi Vision 2030. METHODS The study employed a phenomenological qualitative design. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 currently practicing mental health nurses during two focus group sessions. The inductive data produced underwent member and peer checking. Emergent themes and subthemes were extracted. RESULTS Two main themes and related subthemes were identified. The first theme-obstacles faced by mental health nurses-was composed of the following subthemes: policy at institutions; clear job roles; low professional self-confidence and inadequate support; stressed, insecure, and unsafe; and stigmatization. The second theme-recommendations to improve the quality of mental health nursing-was composed of two subthemes: to enhance mental health awareness and improve professional skills and education. CONCLUSION The data suggest that maintaining high-quality nursing standards within an inpatient psychiatric facility requires a consistent and accountable organizational structure, which can lead to fostering the development and improvement of relevant nursing skills through continuing education, improved awareness of mental health disorders and care within the community, and initiatives to combat the stigma of mental disorders among patients, families, and communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Mansour Alyousef
- Community and Psychiatric Department, Nursing College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 54995, Riyadh 11524, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami Abdulrahman Alhamidi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Nursing College, Postgraduate and Research Center, King Saud University, P.O. Box 54995, Riyadh 11524, Saudi Arabia.
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Alonazi O, Alshowkan A, Shdaifat E. The relationship between psychological resilience and professional quality of life among mental health nurses: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:184. [PMID: 37248491 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health nursing is a demanding and stressful profession that impacts nurses' professional quality of life. Psychological resilience can be a protective factor. However, the relationship has not been extensively studied. This study aims to examine the relationship between psychological resilience and professional quality of life and identify potential predictors of ProQOL subscales among mental health nurses. METHODS The study employed a cross-sectional design to collect data from 179 mental health nurses. Data was collected using two standardized questionnaires: the Connor-Davidson resilience scale and the professional quality of life scale. Participants were recruited through convenient sampling during a 3-month period from April to June 2022, and the data were collected using an online survey tool called QuestionPro. RESULTS The study found a strong positive correlation between psychological resilience and compassion satisfaction (r = 0.632, P < 0.001). However, there was a negative significant correlation between resilience with burnout (r = -0.470, P < 0.001) and secondary traumatic stress (r = -0.210, P = 0.005). The study also found that higher resilience levels were associated with higher levels of compassion satisfaction and lower levels of secondary traumatic stress. Additionally, higher burnout scores were associated with higher levels of secondary traumatic stress. The study also identified that age and the number of children had weak associations with compassion satisfaction, while workplace was a significant predictor of burnout and secondary traumatic stress. CONCLUSION The study emphasizes the importance of resilience, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress in the well-being of healthcare professionals, especially nurses. The findings suggest that assessing nurses' resilience and professional quality of life can raise psychological resilience awareness and help managers create the necessary working conditions to improve nurses' professional quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohoud Alonazi
- Master of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira Alshowkan
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Shdaifat
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Bui MV, McInnes E, Ennis G, Foster K. Resilience and mental health nursing: An integrative review of updated evidence. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023. [PMID: 36854950 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Mental health nursing work is challenging, and workplace stress can have negative impacts on nurses' well-being and practice. Resilience is a dynamic process of positive adaptation and recovery from adversity. The aims of this integrative review were to examine and update understandings and perspectives on resilience in mental health nursing research, and to explore and synthesize the state of empirical knowledge on mental health nurse resilience. This is an update of evidence from a previous review published in 2019. Using integrative review methodology, 15 articles were identified from a systematic search (July 2018-June 2022). Data were extracted, analysed with constant comparison method, synthesized narratively and then compared with the findings from the original review. As an update of evidence, mental health nurse resilience was moderate to high across studies, was positively associated with psychological well-being, post-traumatic growth, compassion satisfaction and negatively associated with burnout, mental distress and emotional labour. Lack of support and resources from organizations could negatively impact nurses' ability to maintain resilience and manage workplace challenges through internal self-regulatory processes. A resilience programme improved mental health nurses' awareness of personal resilience levels, self-confidence, capacity to develop coping skills and professional relationships. Some studies continue to lack contemporary conceptualizations of resilience, and methodological quality varied from high to low. Further qualitative and interventional research is needed to investigate the role of resilience in mental health nursing practice, personal well-being, workforce sustainability and the ongoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Viet Bui
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,NorthWestern Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth McInnes
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Nursing Research Institute-St Vincent's Health Network Sydney, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne and Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary Ennis
- Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim Foster
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,NorthWestern Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Stirling FJ, Monteux S, Stoll M. Receiving thank you letters in inpatient child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS): A qualitative study of nurse's experiences. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2023. [PMID: 36650671 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research has found that nurses in inpatient CAMHS can struggle to define their role and contribution to patient care. While gratitude has received increased attention in relation to subjective well-being in healthcare settings, the receipt of gratitude in the form of thank you letters is currently unexplored in the CAMHS context. AIM/QUESTION To gain an understanding of how inpatient CAMHS nursing staff experience receiving expressions of gratitude from patients. METHOD Adopting an exploratory qualitative approach, two focus group interviews were conducted. Participants completed a brief online follow-up questionnaire. Data were examined using thematic analysis. RESULTS Reflecting on expressions of gratitude improved understanding of professional identity, enhanced reflexivity, enhanced team cohesion and increased professional and personal confidence and motivation. DISCUSSION Expressions of gratitude appear to offer meaningful sources of feedback for nurses and support a greater sense of personal accomplishment, professional role and the relational impact of care for patients. When nurses share and discuss expressions of gratitude with colleagues this brings benefits additional to the initial receipt. IMPLICATIONS FOR MENTAL HEALTH NURSING Nurses should be supported to engage in discussing and reflecting upon receiving thank you letters and other tokens of gratitude although care should be taken to support those who might experience unease or increased self-doubt.
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Yıldız AT, Dinc L. Emotional labor among Turkish nurses: A cross‐sectional study. Nurs Inq 2022:e12544. [DOI: 10.1111/nin.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Tuğba Yıldız
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Nuh Naci Yazgan University Kayseri Türkiye
| | - Leyla Dinc
- Faculty of Nursing Hacettepe University Ankara Türkiye
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Hammarström L, Andreassen Devik S, Häggström M, Hellzen O. Meanings of carers' lived experience of "regulating oneself" in forensic psychiatry. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2094088. [PMID: 35762066 PMCID: PMC9310649 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2094088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to illuminate the essential meanings of carers' lived experience of regulating themselves when caring for patients with mental illnesses in forensic inpatient care. METHODS Qualitative analysis was used to analyse data from narrative interviews with open-ended questions conducted with nine carers, which were analysed using a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. RESULTS Findings revealed three themes, "preserving oneself as a carer," "building an alliance with the patient" and "maintaining stability in the community." Carers not only regulated emotions related to patients but also the ward to facilitate a caring climate. For carers, encounters with patients meant facing expressions of suffering that evoked unwanted emotions. Regulating one's emotions also meant being emotionally touched and facing one's vulnerability. CONCLUSION Regulating oneself was a strategy used by carers to get closer to the patient and establishing a trusting relationship. Regulating oneself meant becoming aware of one's shortcomings, not projecting them onto others, which may impair establishing relationships with patients and fulfilling the aim and caring task of forensic psychiatry. This study stresses the importance of carers being guided to manage their conflicting emotions and vulnerabilities and finding courage and an approach that allows a permissive climate of self-reflection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie Häggström
- Department of Nursing, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Ove Hellzen
- Department of Nursing, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
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17
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O'Malley M, Happell B, O'Mahony J. A Phenomenological Understanding of Mental Health Nurses' Experiences of Self-Care: A Review of the Empirical Literature. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:1121-1129. [PMID: 36099551 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2022.2108528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nurses are central to health care as the largest professional workforce and the providers of constant, ongoing care. Difficulties retaining enough qualified and motivated nurses presents an ongoing problem that threatens the quality of healthcare delivery. Demands of nursing practice, often resulting in stress and burnout, is a major barrier to retaining nurses. Self-care approaches and techniques have proven effective in reducing stress and burnout, increasing job satisfaction and the likelihood of nurses remaining in the profession. Despite knowing the benefits, nurses frequently do not engage in self-care resulting in negative consequences both personally and professionally. To advance our knowledge in this important area, a review of the literature was conducted to explore nurses' experience of self-care and how they made sense of their experiences. The literature was analysed critically and synthesised through a phenomenological lens. The identified themes were structured according to phenomenological concerns: selfhood, mood and embodiment, sociality and relatedness, temporality, spatiality, and nursing culture. Understanding self-care from a phenomenological perspective is important to forming a deeper comprehension of nurses' relationship with self-care, including acceptance and resistance. This new knowledge can be used to develop strategies to encourage self-care. The implications for recruitment and retention within nursing, and ultimately to the quality of healthcare, are significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria O'Malley
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Brenda Happell
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, East Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James O'Mahony
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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18
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Lee SN, Kim HJ. The Experiences of Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners with Clinical Supervision in South Korea: A Grounded Theory Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15904. [PMID: 36497985 PMCID: PMC9741116 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Clinical supervision (CS) helps improve expertise and job satisfaction in nursing staff, but its grounded research is limited. This study was conducted to derive a grounded theory based on the lived experiences of psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) in clinical supervision. Data were collected from January to April 2018 through in-depth unstructured interviews with 19 PMHMPs. Supervision of mental health nurses was necessary because of the "lack of ability to integrate theory and practice" and "difficulty working alone". The "poor supervision system" has been strengthened. The nurses used strategies such as "asking for help", "intensive training and sharing with the supervisor", "modeling of the supervisor and developing competencies", "continuing self-reflection and learning", and "participating in professional activities", according to the level of "personality characteristics", "institutional supervision policy", and "relationship with the supervisor". Consequently, the core objective of "supporting each other and becoming healthcare experts" was achieved. These findings can be used as a basis for education, practices, research, and policy development of mental health nursing. This study highlights areas for policy improvement to ensure that high-quality mental health nursing can be achieved through appropriately targeted CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Nam Lee
- Nursing Department, Seoul Metropolitan Eunpyeong Hospital, Seoul 03476, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- School of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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19
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Meacham H, Tham TL, Holland P, Bartram T, Halvorsen B. The role of high-involvement work practices, supervisor support and employee resilience in supporting the emotional labour of front-line nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2022.2133968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Meacham
- Department of Management and Marketing, Monash University, Caulfield, VIC, Australia
| | - Tse Leng Tham
- Department of Management and Marketing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Holland
- Department of Management and Marketing, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy Bartram
- Department of Management and Marketing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Beni Halvorsen
- Department of Management and Marketing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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20
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Akkoç İ, Türe A, Arun K, Çalışkan A. Role of affective commitment in the relationship between emotional labor and life satisfaction in nurses. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:2050-2058. [PMID: 35043974 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated relationships between hospice nurses' emotional labor, life satisfaction, and affective commitment (moderator). We started with the assumption that displaying real emotions rather than faking them may increase life satisfaction. DESIGN AND METHODS The study utilized a cross-sectional survey data analysis. A total of 322 nurses participated in the study. Hayes' process examined the moderation relationship predicting emotional labor and life satisfaction. FINDINGS The results showed that emotional labor partially affected life satisfaction. However, those effects varied at different levels of affective commitment and interestingly diminished at a high level. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurse leaders should understand and transform the surface emotional setting of nurses to more profound acting emotions and then to natural emotional responses, which otherwise can generate emotional conflict causing unsatisfactory life.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrfan Akkoç
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Toros University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Aysun Türe
- Department of Nursing Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Korhan Arun
- Department of Management and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Çalışkan
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Toros University, Mersin, Turkey
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21
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Delgado C, Evans A, Roche M, Foster K. Mental health nurses' resilience in the context of emotional labour: An interpretive qualitative study. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:1260-1275. [PMID: 35794727 PMCID: PMC9539887 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Strengthening mental health nurses' (MHNs) resilience may help mitigate the negative effects of the emotional labour (EL) of their work. There is no prior evidence on MHNs' experiences of resilience in the context of EL. This interpretive qualitative study sought to explore how MHNs build and maintain their resilience in the face of high levels of EL. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 MHNs. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Four main themes were constructed. The first three; Being attuned to self and others, Having a positive mindset grounded in purpose, and Maintaining psychological equilibrium through proactive self-care, describe how MHNs build and maintain their resilience. The fourth theme, Running on emotionally empty, describes what impedes MHNs' resilience. MHNs engaged in internal self-regulatory processes to manage their mental and emotional state. They maintained intra- and inter-personal boundaries and proactively used self-care strategies to maintain their well-being. Through this, they were able to replenish and sustain the energy required to maintain a state of equilibrium between themselves, their interpersonal practice, and their working environment, and to positively adapt to EL. However, lack of organizational support and high workplace demands can negatively impact MHNs' equilibrium and adaptive ability. There is a need for organizations to proactively work to reduce workplace stressors, and support MHNs' professional well-being and practice. Education and support strategies focused on strengthening MHNs' resilience, well-being, and mental health practice capabilities, including the provision of clinical supervision, and clear role expectations within MHNs' scope of practice are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Delgado
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sydney Local Health District Mental Health Service, Concord Centre for Mental Health, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alicia Evans
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Roche
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,ACT Health, Phillip, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Kim Foster
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne Health, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Tanabe Y, Asami T, Yoshimi A, Abe K, Saigusa Y, Hayakawa M, Fujita J, Ide K, Suda A, Hishimoto A. Effectiveness of anger-focused emotional management training in reducing aggression among nurses. Nurs Open 2022; 10:998-1006. [PMID: 36111753 PMCID: PMC9834502 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to conduct a 5-h training programme on anger-focused emotional management for nurses and verify its effectiveness. DESIGN The study used a one-group pretest-posttest design. METHODS Participants (N = 283) attended a programme comprising lectures and exercises. The Japanese version of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire was administered pre-, post- and 3-month posttraining. Regression analyses were used to assess the effects of the programme by gender. RESULTS For the total aggression score, the difference between the pre- and posttraining scores was -2.827 points and remained at -1.602 points 3-month posttraining. Physical aggression scores decreased posttraining, but the scores increased after 3 months. There were statistically significant gender differences in hostility scores; pre-training scores were slightly higher for men than for women and lower for men after 3 months. Total and physical aggression scores were higher for men than for women. The training programme decreased aggression, and the effect persisted after 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Tanabe
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan,Department of NursingYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Takeshi Asami
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Asuka Yoshimi
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Kie Abe
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan,Tsukuba Psychosomatic ClinicTsuchiuraJapan
| | - Yusuke Saigusa
- Department of BiostatisticsYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Maya Hayakawa
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Junichi Fujita
- Department of Child PsychiatryYokohama City University HospitalYokohamaJapan
| | - Keiko Ide
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Akira Suda
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of PsychiatryYokohama City University School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
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23
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Fernández-Basanta S, Lois-Sandá L, Movilla-Fernández MJ. The link between task-focused care and care beyond technique: A meta-ethnography about the emotional labour in nursing care. J Clin Nurs 2022. [PMID: 35689372 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesise the available body of qualitative work regarding the experiences of registered nurses and nursing students in managing emotional demands of care. BACKGROUND Care is the central part of nursing, and its provision is linked to interaction with patients. Comprehensive care allows emotions to be considered as an essential part of care. However, the emotional commitment that care demands poses a challenge for the nursing staff. DESIGN Noblit and Hare's interpretive meta-ethnography, which was written and reviewed for reporting clarity using the eMERGe. METHODS A comprehensive systematic search strategy was undertaken in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO in January 2020. The search included terms related to the sample population, phenomenon of interest, purpose of the study and type of research. Original or mixed qualitative articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese were included if they addressed the emotional labour experiences of nurses or nursing students. RESULTS A line-of-argument synthesis based on the metaphor The link between task-focused care and care beyond technique was developed. Three themes from analogous and refutational translations of findings in the included nine papers emerged: (1) forces to get involved in care; (2) the cost of caring and (3) need to vent. CONCLUSION Nursing staff and students managed the emotional demands by adjusting their involvement in care. Care beyond technique is provided by nurses who have strength and motivation in themselves and in the interaction with patients to become emotionally involved in care. Task-focused care avoids emotional exposure to patient suffering due to the personal cost involved. Venting and distancing are required to emotionally reconstruct themselves and to re-engage in care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Increased knowledge about these experiences may raise awareness of the emotional demands as part of the care process, to prevent their impact and favour their support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fernández-Basanta
- Research Group GRINCAR, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Ferrol Industrial Campus, University of A Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Lía Lois-Sandá
- University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, Galician Health Service (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Movilla-Fernández
- Research Group GRINCAR, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Ferrol Industrial Campus, University of A Coruña, Ferrol, Spain
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24
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Cranage K, Foster K. Mental health nurses' experience of challenging workplace situations: A qualitative descriptive study. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:665-676. [PMID: 35347822 PMCID: PMC9314796 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mental health nursing is acknowledged internationally as being a demanding profession; however, little is known about the range of experience and complexity of workplace challenges or their impacts on mental health nurses (MHN). This qualitative descriptive study aimed to examine and describe the range of challenging workplace situations experienced by MHN and is reported according to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research. An online cross-sectional survey collected demographic data and open-ended descriptions of workplace challenges experienced by n = 374 Australian MHN. Using a modified a priori framework, four categories of experience were derived through content analysis: consumer-related, colleague-related, nursing role-related, and organizational service-related challenges. Many accounts described a complex interplay of challenges. The findings extend prior knowledge on MHN experiences. Frequent workplace challenges included violence and aggression from consumers, bullying from colleagues, low staffing levels, and poor skill mix. Further extending the evidence, key challenges rarely described in prior literature were the psychological impacts of suicides and murder; the personal nature of threats from consumers; moral distress and concerns with colleagues' quality of practice; and exacerbation of practice-related issues by lack of support from colleagues and/or the organization. These have important implications for the profession and can inform targeted strategies to reduce stressors where possible, build staff well-being, support workforce retention, and improve the provision of quality care. The implementation of targeted policy and initiatives that focus on reducing key stressors and supporting practice are vital to staff retention and ensuring a high standard of practice in complex mental health workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Cranage
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim Foster
- Australian Catholic University & North Western Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Han F, Li A, Zhang D, Lv L, Li Q, Sun J. Relationship between emotional labor and sense of career success among community nurses in China, Beijing: A cross-sectional study based on latent class analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268188. [PMID: 35512018 PMCID: PMC9071128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated different patterns of emotional labor among community nurses in China and analyzed the relationships between the sense of career success and emotional labor. Methods A total of 385 community nurses from Beijing participated in this investigation. Latent class analysis was used to identify meaningful subgroups of participants, and analysis of variance was used to analyze relationships between emotional labor classes and the sense of career success. Results Emotional labor among community nursing staff in China was divided into three latent classes: active (n = 90, 25.6%), apathetic (n = 65, 18.5%), and moderate (n = 197, 55.9%). The active emotional labor classes had significantly higher career success (p<0.05). The “gaining recognition” dimension showed significant differences across the three classes. Conclusion Our findings suggested managers to implement a variety of measures to strengthen interventions for employees’ emotional labor that are targeted to incentive mechanisms, which will improve nurses’ sense of career success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Han
- Laboratory Center, School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Li
- Equipment division, AMHT Group, Aerospace 731 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Beijing Nursing Department, Dongcheng District Health Service Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lanting Lv
- School of Public Administration, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Editorial department, Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Community Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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26
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Bekelepi N, Martin P. Support interventions for nurses working in acute psychiatric units: A systematic review. Health SA 2022; 27:1811. [PMID: 35548058 PMCID: PMC9082224 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse support interventions have been implemented to provide support for nurses working in acute psychiatric settings. These interventions aimed at modifying the psychological and social factors, as they either prevent stress responses or reduce its effects to improve the psychological well-being of staff. This study aimed to examine effective stress reduction interventions for nurses and to identify key elements of these successful interventions. Studies included in this review were conducted in acute psychiatric settings. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted for support intervention studies between 2010 and 2021. The search yielded 315 studies that were reduced to seven studies after being reviewed by two independent reviewers. The studies were coded, and key elements were identified. Seven studies that were included consisted of a randomised controlled trial, quasi-experimental design and single-group design. Interventions included mindfulness-based stress reduction, burnout prevention programmes, communication skills, educational programme, group intervention, resilience training programme and stress management. Four key elements emerged from these interventions, namely, educational support, interpersonal skills, psychological support and adaptive coping. The findings highlighted the diverse interventions in supporting psychiatric nurses to cope with stress. However, there is a dearth of studies in acute psychiatric settings that were mostly done in emergency settings. Knowledge gained from this review may assist with practice improvement as managers can implement the identified interventions. Contribution This is the first systematic review focusing on supportive interventions for nurses in acute psychiatric settings. The knowledge gained from this review will add to the existing research knowledge base in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ntombiyakhe Bekelepi
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Community Health Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Penelope Martin
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Community Health Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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27
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Hong Y, Huang JH, Zhang J. Relationship Between Emotional Labor and Mental Health in Preschool Teachers: Mediation of Psychological Capital. Front Psychol 2022; 13:707961. [PMID: 35153947 PMCID: PMC8827471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.707961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the relationship among the emotional labor, psychological capital, and mental health of preschool teachers. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 411 preschool teachers in China. The results revealed the following: (1) One emotional labor strategy (Surface acting) had a significant negative effect on mental health, whereas two emotional labor strategies (expression of naturally felt emotions and deep acting) had significant positive effects. (2) The psychological capital of preschool teachers had a complete mediation on the relationship between expression of naturally felt emotions and mental health and between the deep acting and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Hong
- The Office of Counselor, College of Teacher Education, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Jian-Hao Huang
- Department of Education Management, China-Asean International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiping Zhang
- The Office of Psychological Counselor, College of Foreign Languages, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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28
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Yada H, Odachi R, Adachi K, Abe H, Yonemoto F, Fujiki T, Fujii M, Katoh T. Validity and reliability of Psychiatric Nurse Self-Efficacy Scales: cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055922. [PMID: 34996799 PMCID: PMC8744105 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop the Psychiatric Nurse Self-Efficacy Scales, and to examine their reliability and validity. DESIGN We developed the Improved Self-Efficacy Scale (ISES) and Decreased Self-Efficacy Scale (DSES) using existing evidence. Statistical analysis was conducted on the data to test reliability and validity. SETTING The study's setting was psychiatric facilities in three prefectures in Japan. PARTICIPANTS Data from 514 valid responses were extracted of the 786 responses by psychiatric nurses. OUTCOME MEASURES The study measured the reliability and validity of the scales. RESULTS The ISES has two factors ('Positive changes in the patient' and 'Prospect of continuing in psychiatric nursing') and the DSES has three ('Devaluation of own role as a psychiatric nurse', 'Decrease in nursing ability due to overload' and 'Difficulty in seeing any results in psychiatric nursing'). With regard to scale reliability, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.634-0.845. With regard to scale validity, as the factorial validity of the ISES and DSES, for the ISES, χ2/df (110.625/37) ratio=2.990 (p<0.001), goodness-of-fit index (GFI)=0.962, adjusted GFI (AGFI)=0.932, comparative fit index (CFI)=0.967 and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.062; for the DSES, χ2/df (101.982/37) ratio=2.756 (p<0.001), GFI=0.966, AGFI=0.940, CFI=0.943, RMSEA=0.059 and Akaike Information Criterion=159.982. The concurrent validity of the General Self-Efficacy Scale was r=0.149-0.446 (p<0.01) for ISES and r=-0.154 to -0.462 (p<0.01) for DSES, and the concurrent validity of the Stress Reaction Scale was r=-0.128 to 0.168 for ISES, r=0.214-0.398 for DSES (p<0.01).Statistical analyses showed the scales to be reliable and valid measures. CONCLUSIONS The ISES and DSES can accurately assess psychiatric nurses' self-efficacy. Using these scales, it is possible to formulate programmes for improving psychiatric nurses' feelings of self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Yada
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Fukuoka Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Omuta, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Odachi
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Adachi
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Fukiyo Yonemoto
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Fukuoka Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Omuta, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Mika Fujii
- Sakuragaoka Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiko Katoh
- Department of Public Health, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
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29
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Sukut O, Sahin-Bayindir G, Ayhan-Balik CH, Albal E. Professional quality of life and psychological resilience among psychiatric nurses. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:330-338. [PMID: 33821480 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between professional quality of life and psychological resilience in psychiatric nurses in Turkey. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 psychiatric nurses in Turkey. Data were collected using the Professional Quality of Life Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. FINDINGS Correlations were observed between compassion satisfaction (CS) and burnout, CS and resilience, and in burnout and compassion fatigue (CF). IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Actions to improve resilience, prevent burnout, and reduce CF should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Sukut
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Sahin-Bayindir
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Hurrem Ayhan-Balik
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Albal
- Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center, Bakirkoy Professor Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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Exploring GP work in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation: a secondary analysis. BJGP Open 2021; 5:BJGPO.2021.0117. [PMID: 34465578 PMCID: PMC9447302 DOI: 10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a GP workforce crisis, particularly in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation where levels of multimorbidity and social complexity are higher than in areas of low socioeconomic deprivation. How this impacts GP work, and how GPs manage workload has not been fully explored. Aim To explore GP work in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation and the strategies GPs employ, using Corbin and Strauss’s framework on managing chronic illness as an analytical lens. Design & setting Secondary analysis of qualitative in-depth interviews with GPs working with populations experiencing high levels of socioeconomic deprivation. Method Secondary analysis of in-depth interviews with GPs working in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation (n = 10). Results All three types of work defined by Corbin and Strauss (everyday, illness, and biographical) were described, and one additional type: emotional (work managing GPs’ own emotions). The context of socioeconomic deprivation, increased multimorbidity plus social complexity (’multimorbidity plus’), influenced GP work. Healthcare systems and self-management strategies did not meet patients’ needs, which meant the resulting gap created extra everyday work, often unrecognised (which was a source of frustration). GPs also described taking on ’illness work’ for patients who were either overwhelmed or unable to do it. Some GPs described biographical work, asserting their professional role against demands from patients and other professionals. Work aligning with personal values was important in sustaining motivation; for example, being part of a strong team and having outside professional interests appeared to build resilience. Conclusion GPs working in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation experience different types of work from those working in areas of low socioeconomic deprivation; much of which is unrecognised and not resourced. Current strategies to reduce burnout could be more effective if the complexity of different types of work was addressed. In addition, personal values, practice teams, and outside professional interests all need to be supported.
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O'Sullivan E, Gogan E, Doyle L, Donohue G. Decider Life Skills training as a method of promoting resilience with mental health student nurses on clinical placement. Nurse Educ Pract 2021; 56:103222. [PMID: 34624654 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to explore mental health student nurses' perceptions and application of a CBT-orientated training programme - the Decider Life Skills programme. BACKGROUND The undergraduate nursing degree programme is a challenging one and places high demands both professionally and personally on students. Mental health nursing students are faced with particular stressors including working with people in significant psychological distress, which can result in students feeling overwhelmed and emotionally burdened. There is a requirement for student nurses to be supported to cope with professional and personal difficulties while on practice placement. The Decider Life Skills is a one-day training programme that aims to build resilience and increase effective coping skills. This programme was offered to internship mental health nursing students with the aim of providing them with a toolbox of skills to maintain their wellbeing while on clinical placement. METHODS A qualitative descriptive design was used, and data were collected through two 45-min focus group interviews with mental health students (n = 10) on their internship placement. These students had received a one-day training in Decider Life Skills prior to their clinical placements. Full ethical approval was achieved for this study. RESULTS Participants reported that they found the skills imparted in the training easy to understand and apply in both their professional and their personal lives. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study that the Decider Life Skills helped students cope in stressful situations and become more mindful of protecting their own mental health is important, as there is a need to safeguard the emotional well-being of mental health nursing students and support them to become resilient practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear O'Sullivan
- HSE Mental Health Services, Dublin South, Kildare & West Wicklow Community Healthcare, Cherry Orchard Hospital, Dublin 10, Ireland.
| | - Eimear Gogan
- HSE Mental Health Services, Dublin South, Kildare & West Wicklow Community Healthcare, Cherry Orchard Hospital, Dublin 10, Ireland.
| | - Louise Doyle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, University of Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Gráinne Donohue
- Trinity Centre for Practice and Healthcare Innovation, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College, University of Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Wesseldijk-Elferink IJM, Hendriks AW, van den Heuvel SCGH. Shared decision making in a semi-secluded chronic psychiatric ward: The reflective lifeworld experiences of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders and nursing staff. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:519-525. [PMID: 34561068 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shared decision making (SDM) enhances recovery-oriented mental healthcare, but literature predominately focuses on doctor-patient collaboration leaving the role of mental health nurses (MHN's) underexposed. AIM This study describes the experiences of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder with SDM in a semi-secluded psychiatric facility, and the attitudes toward SDM by MHN's. METHOD A hermeneutic phenomenological design. RESULTS Seven patients and six MHN's were interviewed. Although MHNs were skeptical to utilize SDM, and patients often feel omitted, investing in inter-human contact increased the therapeutic alliance. CONCLUSION Tailored plan making and attainable goal setting, building trust, and providing hope are important incentives to enhance SDM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnes W Hendriks
- Dimence Group, Outpatient clinic for Anxiety disorders, Depression, Personality disorders, and Complex Trauma, Hardenberg, the Netherlands.
| | - Silvio C G H van den Heuvel
- Dimence Group, Center for Mental Health Care, SCBS Bipolar Disorders, Deventer, the Netherlands; Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Deventer, the Netherlands.
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Delgado C, Roche M, Fethney J, Foster K. Mental health nurses' psychological well-being, mental distress, and workplace resilience: A cross-sectional survey. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2021; 30:1234-1247. [PMID: 33913226 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mental health nurses (MHNs) frequently face emotional adversity and stressors at work that can negatively impact their psychological well-being and result in mental distress. This can affect their capacity for therapeutic work, professional relationships, and overall work performance. In the context of work, resilience is a dynamic process of positive adaptation to adversity that can lead to psychological well-being and increased work performance. There is limited knowledge, however, on MHNs' psychological well-being and resilience from an Australian perspective. This study aimed to investigate the levels of, and relationships between, psychological well-being, mental distress, and workplace resilience in Australian MHNs. A cross-sectional online survey using Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-being (PWS) 18, Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS) 21, and Resilience at Work measures was completed by registered nurses (n = 482) working in a mental health setting or role. Mean scores were 85.38 for psychological well-being and 70.27 for workplace resilience, with more than half reporting levels above the mean. However, some participants scored in the severe to extremely severe categories for depression (7.8%), anxiety (8.7%) or stress (7.3%). Psychological well-being had strong positive and negative associations, respectively, with workplace resilience (r = 0.571, P < 0.01) and depression (r = -0.563, P < 0.01). Having a postgraduate specialist qualification was positively associated with psychological well-being. Postgraduate speciality education may be a key protective factor that can increase MHNs' psychological well-being. Strengthening workplace resilience is an important strategy for organizations to implement to support MHNs' psychological well-being and reduce the risk of mental distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Delgado
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Mental Health Research & Education, Concord Centre for Mental Health, Sydney Local Health District, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Roche
- Mental Health Drug and Alcohol Nursing, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Sydney Local Health District, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Judith Fethney
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kim Foster
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne Health, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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BROWN REBECCAC, MAHTANI KAMAL, TURK AMADEA, TIERNEY STEPHANIE. Social Prescribing in National Health Service Primary Care: What Are the Ethical Considerations? Milbank Q 2021; 99:610-628. [PMID: 34170055 PMCID: PMC8452361 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0009.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Policy Points Social prescribing is proposed as a way of improving patients' health and well-being by attending to their non-clinical needs. This is done by connecting patients with community assets (typically voluntary or charitable organizations) that provide social and personal support. In the United Kingdom, social prescribing is used to improve patient well-being and reduce use of National Health Service resources. Although social prescribing schemes hold promise, evidence of their effects and effectiveness is sparse. As more information on social prescribing is gathered, it will be important to consider the associated ethical issues for patients, clinicians, link workers, and community assets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - KAMAL MAHTANI
- Centre for Evidence Based MedicineNuffield Department of Primary Care Health SciencesUniversity of Oxford
| | - AMADEA TURK
- Centre for Evidence Based MedicineNuffield Department of Primary Care Health SciencesUniversity of Oxford
| | - STEPHANIE TIERNEY
- Centre for Evidence Based MedicineNuffield Department of Primary Care Health SciencesUniversity of Oxford
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Bushell H, Lee S, Keppich-Arnold S, Anderson S, Batu G, Hopkins L. How Do Mental Health Nurses Define Success? A Comparative Study of Bed-Based and Community-Based Services. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2021; 42:836-844. [PMID: 33539193 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2020.1871133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Nursing is the single largest professional group within both hospital and community mental health care services, however the role of mental health nurses in under-defined. The nursing workforce is also coming under increasing pressure from internal and external requirements, and nurses themselves are on the frontline of providing patient care in what can be a risky and unpredictable workplace environment. This project explored via interview the ways in which mental health nurses experience and reflect on their personal and professional feelings of nursing success. Participants were 19 nurses who were employed in a range of bed-based and community mental health services in inner south eastern Melbourne. This study complies with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). The findings of the project align with existing evidence from the literature. Factors which helped mental health nurses feel successful included: therapeutic success; good teamwork; targeted education; and feedback. Barriers to success included: patients/clients do not engage or recover; poor communication amongst staff; lack of psychological safety in the workplace; and lack of respect from management. Nurses in community settings were more able than nurses in bed-based settings to: make effective use of clinical supervision; make use of targeted training and educational offerings; and practice therapeutically and holistically. Project results offer an opportunity to understand nurses' motivations and reward systems. Better understanding of these issues can improve the way mental health care services manage their workforce planning, maintain staff personal wellbeing, increase staff retention and ultimately improve patient/client care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Bushell
- Alfred Mental and Addiction Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart Lee
- Alfred Mental and Addiction Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Victorian Institute for Forensic Mental Health (Forensicare), Fairfield, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Gamze Batu
- Alfred Mental and Addiction Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Liza Hopkins
- Alfred Mental and Addiction Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Rhoden DJ, Colet CDF, Stumm EMF. Association and correlation between stress, musculoskeletal pain and resilience in nurses before hospital accreditation maintenance assessment. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2021; 29:e3465. [PMID: 34468622 PMCID: PMC8432572 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.4658.3465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to associate and correlate musculoskeletal pain, stress and resilience of nurses in the maintenance of Hospital Accreditation Certification. METHOD longitudinal study in two moments, before and after the Accreditation maintenance visit, March and June 2019, with 53 nurses from a hospital institution. The data collected was: sociodemographic, clinical and occupational variables, stress, osteomuscular pain and resilience. Descriptive variables, Chi-square test, t test, Fisher's exact test, Pearson's correlation and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used. RESULTS most of the study participants had average stress levels before and after the evaluation. Most of those who reported pain were at medium stress levels at both times. The resilience capacity increased after the evaluation, which demonstrates that the experienced stressors were adequately addressed. There was no significant association between the cortisol levels and the perceived stress. CONCLUSION occupational stress and musculoskeletal pain were experienced by nurses during the Accreditation processes. It was evident that individuality permeated the perception of stress and resilience allowed to overcome the tensions experienced. The study identified that there is a need for planning and implementation of actions to collaborate with the nurses in the best confrontation, aiming to promote resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deise Juliana Rhoden
- Universidade do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí, RS,
Brazil
- Scholarship holder at the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal
de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil
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Sung KM, Park SA, Ham JH. The hopes of nurses who care for people diagnosed with chronic mental illness in closed wards. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:989-999. [PMID: 33052599 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify factors influencing the hopes of mental health nurses and to explore their experiences with a sense of hope. DESIGN AND METHODS A descriptive research survey was conducted with 113 nurses at three closed psychiatric wards in South Korea. FINDINGS Nurses' hope, interpersonal skill competence, and professional self-concept were all found to have statistically significant correlations (r = 0.60-0.73, p < 0.01). These factors explained 62% of the variance in nurses' hope. In ten themes influencing hope, 71.1% were positive, 28.9% negative. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The findings suggest that the promotion of nurses' interpersonal skill competence and professional self-concept is helpful for increasing hope levels. Both positive and negative experiences with hope are important in developing strategies of nursing roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mi Sung
- College of Nursing & Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnamdo, South Korea
| | - Sun Ah Park
- Department of Nursing, Koje College, Koje, Gyeongsangnamdo, South Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ham
- College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnamdo, South Korea
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Jiménez-Picón N, Romero-Martín M, Ponce-Blandón JA, Ramirez-Baena L, Palomo-Lara JC, Gómez-Salgado J. The Relationship between Mindfulness and Emotional Intelligence as a Protective Factor for Healthcare Professionals: Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105491. [PMID: 34065519 PMCID: PMC8161054 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emotional intelligence is an essential trait and skill for healthcare professionals. Mindfulness meditation has proved to be effective in increasing the wellbeing of those who practice it, leading to better mental health, self-care and job satisfaction. This paper aims to identify the recent evidence on the relationship between mindfulness and emotional intelligence among healthcare professionals and students. A systematic review was conducted including the databases PubMed, Cinhal, PsycINFO and Web of Science. The main variables were emotional intelligence skills and mindfulness practice. Data were extracted according to the following outcomes: authors, year of publication, country, study design, participants, mindfulness training intervention, tools used in data collection and main results. The following inclusion criteria were applied: peer-reviewed articles; published in English or Spanish; published between 2010 and 2020; quantitative methodology; a study population of healthcare professionals or students; the relationship with the aim of the study. The Joanna Briggs Institute criteria were followed for assessing the methodological quality of the selected studies. Three researchers were involved in the review. After the selection process, 10 studies were selected out of the 197 references initially identified. These studies revealed a positive relationship between mindfulness and emotional intelligence, particularly the capacity to regulate emotions. Furthermore, mindfulness is negatively related to emotional exhaustion. Training interventions based on mindfulness have proved to be useful in promoting emotional balance, emotional awareness, emotional acceptance, emotion recognition, expressive suppression and a reduction in emotional exhaustion. This study could serve as a basis for further research on the benefits of emotional intelligence and practicing mindfulness for the bio-psycho-social welfare of healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Jiménez-Picón
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (N.J.-P.); (J.A.P.-B.); (L.R.-B.); (J.C.P.-L.)
| | | | - José Antonio Ponce-Blandón
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (N.J.-P.); (J.A.P.-B.); (L.R.-B.); (J.C.P.-L.)
| | - Lucia Ramirez-Baena
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (N.J.-P.); (J.A.P.-B.); (L.R.-B.); (J.C.P.-L.)
| | - Juan Carlos Palomo-Lara
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (N.J.-P.); (J.A.P.-B.); (L.R.-B.); (J.C.P.-L.)
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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DOĞAN N, BOYACIOĞLU NE. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHIATRIC NURSES’ RESILIENCE AND EMPATHIC TENDENCIES. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.715535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mindfulness, Compassion, and Self-Compassion as Moderator of Environmental Support on Competency in Mental Health Nursing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 3:1534-1543. [PMID: 33898923 PMCID: PMC8055442 DOI: 10.1007/s42399-021-00904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This research explored the established relationship between environmental support and competency for Mental Health Nurses, intending to investigate whether the tendency to display higher levels of mindfulness, compassion, and self-compassion might buffer the effect of a poor environment on competency. One questionnaire was comprised of five pre-developed questionnaires, which included all items examining environmental support, competency, mindfulness, compassion, and self-compassion. Mental Health Nurses (n = 103) were recruited from online forums and social media group pages in the UK. The result showed environmental support related positively to competency. Furthermore, the positive relationship of competency with environmental support was moderated when controlling for compassion but did not with mindfulness and self-compassion, although subscales showed some further interactions. When poor environmental support influences the competency of mental health professionals, compassion and mindfulness-based interactions may have the potential to uphold competency.
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Hwang HL, Tu CT, Kuo TY. Correlates of perceived caring behaviour of formal caregivers in long-term care facilities: A cross-sectional survey. Scand J Caring Sci 2021; 36:225-234. [PMID: 33778974 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers have identified several factors that correlate with the caring behaviours of formal caregivers in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). However, a limited range of socio-demographic factors has been discussed, and no studies have discussed the combined effects of the institutional characteristics of the LTCF and the personal characteristics (i.e. bio-psycho-socio-spiritual attributes) of the formal caregiver on the caring behaviour. AIM The aim of this study was to examine caring behaviours of formal caregivers for older residents of LTCFs and to explore factors that explain and predict the caring behaviours of them. METHODS A valid sample of 224 formal caregivers (nurses and nurse aids) employed at 56 LTCFs (21 nursing homes and 35 assisted living facilities) was analysed. Hierarchical regression analysis with two-tailed significance test was used to investigate whether the caring behaviours of the caregivers were independently associated with the characteristics of the caregivers or the institutions. FINDINGS Caring behaviours of the formal caregivers had significant positive associations with their job satisfaction (β = 0.152, p < 0.05) and with their perceived satisfaction of LTCF residents (β = 0.214, p < 0.001).The organisational-level analysis revealed that caring behaviours had positive associations with accreditation level (β = 0.163, p < 0.01) and with nurse-aid staffing level (β = 0.126, p < 0.05). Additionally, the caring behaviour had positive associations with their attitude towards older adults (β = 0.193, p < 0.01) and with their self-transcendence (β = 0.184, p < 0.01). These two factors explained 42.2% of the variance in the caring behaviours of caregivers. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Caring behaviours were related to both personal characteristics (attributes, mindset) and organisational characteristics. By clarifying factors in the caring behaviours of caregivers, this study provides information that LTCFs can use to develop strategies for managing their caregivers and that policymakers can use to establish and implement healthcare policies for older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Lih Hwang
- Nursing Department, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Tang Tu
- Office of Teacher Education and Careers Service, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Foster A, Wood E, Clowes M. Identifying the evidence base of interventions supporting mental health nurses to cope with stressful working environments: A scoping review. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:1639-1652. [PMID: 33742495 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To scope the evidence on interventions used to help mental health nurses cope with stressful working environments. BACKGROUND Nursing managers may implement interventions to support mental health nurses cope in their role. However, the evidence supporting these interventions has not been recently reviewed. METHODS A scoping review was conducted which entailed searching and selecting potential studies, undertaking data extraction and synthesis. RESULTS Eighteen studies published since 2000 were identified. They employed different designs, ten used quasi-experimental methods. Interventions involving active learning appeared beneficial, for example stress reduction courses and mindfulness. However, small sample sizes, short follow-up periods and variation in outcome measures make it difficult to identify the optimum interventions. No studies have considered cost-effectiveness. CONCLUSION There is some evidence that mental health nurses benefit from interventions to help them cope with stressful working environments. However, higher quality research is needed to establish the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Managers should provide opportunities and encourage mental health nurses to engage in active learning interventions, for example mindfulness to help them cope with stressful working environments. Nurses also want managers to address organisational issues; however, no research on these types of interventions was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Foster
- School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emily Wood
- School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mark Clowes
- School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Jackson J. Supporting nurses' recovery during and following the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Stand 2021; 36:31-34. [PMID: 33586385 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2021.e11661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that working during traumatic events can lead to deteriorating physical and mental health for nurses, a phenomenon that has been demonstrated during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, research has also shown that there are evidence-based strategies that can be used to assist nurses in their recovery from such events. Promoting awareness among individual nurses about the effects of COVID-19 enables them to adopt positive coping strategies, both on an individual and organisational level. This article details strategies including formal and informal debriefing, taking regular breaks, and using stress mitigation strategies during shifts. The article also discusses the potential for post-traumatic psychological growth. This acknowledges that while working in a healthcare environment during COVID-19 can be extremely challenging, it also enables nurses to experience personal growth such as the development of emotional intelligence. As nurses adapt to the 'new normal' of working during COVID-19, healthcare organisations should ensure that they provide nurses with the support that enables them to recover effectively.
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Kato Y, Chiba R, Yamaguchi S, Goto K, Umeda M, Miyamoto Y. Association between Work Environments and Stigma towards People with Schizophrenia among Mental Health Professionals in Japan. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9020107. [PMID: 33494176 PMCID: PMC7909814 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association between control over practice in work environments and stigma toward people with schizophrenia among mental health professionals. We conducted secondary analyses on data from a self-administered questionnaire survey. The sample in the initial study included mental health professionals from two psychiatric hospitals, 56 psychiatric clinics, and community service agencies in Japan. The Ethics Committee of the University of Tokyo, approved this study. Data from 279 participants were used for secondary analyses (valid response rate = 58.7%). The hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to determine the association between control over practice and stigma. We performed subgroup analyses among nurses (n = 121) and psychiatric social workers (n = 92). Control over practice was negatively associated with stigma among mental health professionals (β = −0.162, p < 0.01). The subgroup analyses among nurses indicated that control over practice, educational history and recovery knowledge were associated with stigma. However, these variables were not associated with stigma among psychiatric social workers. Control over practice might help to reduce stigma among mental health professionals. Factors related to stigma might differ by occupation. Therefore, further comprehensive studies among various professionals would further our understanding of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kato
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-78-796-4575
| | - Rie Chiba
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan;
| | - Sosei Yamaguchi
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan;
| | - Kyohei Goto
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Kyoritsu Women’s University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0051, Japan;
| | - Maki Umeda
- Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo, Akashi 673-8588, Japan;
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
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Papathanasiou IV, Christidou A, Alikari V, Tsaras K, Malli F, Papagiannis D, Kontopoulou LB, Kourkouta L, Fradelos ΕC. The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Caring Behaviors Among Psychiatric Nurses in Greece. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1337:217-225. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78771-4_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Foster C. Investigating the impact of a psychoanalytic nursing development group within an adolescent psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU). Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:481-491. [PMID: 33280670 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of an adapted psychoanalytic work discussion group for mental health nurses working in adolescent PICU. BACKGROUND There is no prior research investigating interventions that effectively support and enable adolescent PICU nursing teams to sustain the therapeutic tasks of their work and their own sense of wellbeing. METHODS A bespoke psychoanalytic work discussion group was implemented within an adolescent PICU. Data was collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews with participants, about the impact of the group upon their practice. Data analysis used thematic analysis. RESULTS The group positively impacted upon participant knowledge and understanding, emotion management, personal efficacy, therapeutic relationship building, managing challenging behaviour, leadership, professional identity and team cohesion. CONCLUSION Mechanisms by which these outcomes were achieved are elaborated utilising the concepts of projective identification, emotional containment and 'temporary outsider-ship'. There is a need to account for the interplay between adolescent defense mechanisms, nursing anxieties and setting-specific organisational dynamics, in the design of effective support interventions for adolescent mental health nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Foster
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, School of Health & Society, University of Salford, Mary Seacole Building, University of Salford, Fredrick Road, Salford M6 6PU, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Leineweber C, Marklund S, Gustafsson K, Helgesson M. Work environment risk factors for the duration of all cause and diagnose-specific sickness absence among healthcare workers in Sweden: a prospective study. Occup Environ Med 2020; 77:782-789. [PMID: 32764106 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing sickness absence (SA) has been reported among healthcare workers in Sweden. Our aim was to analyse the impact of work environment factors on short-term and long-term SA based on musculoskeletal and psychiatric diagnoses among healthcare workers. METHODS The study sample consisted of healthcare workers (n=12 452) drawn from representative samples of workers aged 16 to 64, who participated in the Swedish Work Environment Surveys (SWES) between 1993 and 2013. The outcomes were either short-term (≤28 days) or long-term (>104 days) SA between 1994 and 2016. HRs and 95% CIs were calculated for the impact of physical and psychosocial working conditions on risk of subsequent short-term or long-term SA for 3 years after participation in SWES. RESULTS Heavy physical work and strenuous work postures showed elevated HRs for short-term and long-term SA compared with those without these work exposures. Similarly, high job demands and low job control each increased the risk for both short-term and long-term SA compared with employees with low job demands and high job control. Low job support increased the risk for short-term SA compared with those with high job support. Working conditions were strongly related to short-term SA due to musculoskeletal diagnoses but not to short-term SA due to psychiatric diagnoses. None of the work characteristics, except strenuous postures, elevated the risk for long-term SA due to psychiatric diagnosis compared with employees without these characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Ergonomic improvements and stress reduction among healthcare workers are likely to reduce the prevalence of SA foremost due to musculoskeletal diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Staffan Marklund
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Gustafsson
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Helgesson
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mulaudzi NP, Mashau NS, Akinsola HA, Murwira TS. Working conditions in a mental health institution: An exploratory study of professional nurses in Limpopo province, South Africa. Curationis 2020; 43:e1-e8. [PMID: 32787431 PMCID: PMC7479419 DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v43i1.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professional nurses are responsible for the provision of care, treatment and rehabilitation of all mental healthcare users (MHCUs) in the institutions for mental healthcare. However, professional nurses find themselves in difficult circumstances under which they must provide quality healthcare services to MHCUs. OBJECTIVES The study explored and described the challenges experienced by the professional nurses working in a mental healthcare institution in Limpopo province of South Africa. METHOD A qualitative approach was used to explore and describe the challenges faced by professional nurses working in a mental healthcare institution. The study was conducted from July 2016 to December 2016. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. Data were obtained through individual in-depth interviews with professional nurses between the ages of 26 and 50 years. Data collection continued until data saturation, which occurred after interviewing 18 participants. Tech's open coding method was used to analyse data in this study. RESULTS Four themes emerged from data analysis, namely: inadequate safety measures, inadequate resources, impact of high workload and shortage of staff. The themes were further sub-divided into sub-themes. CONCLUSION The study revealed several challenges that professional nurses face in mental healthcare institutions which might be a barrier to the provision of quality healthcare. Conducive working environments should be established to enable professional health nurses to provide quality nursing care, thereby promoting the health of MHCUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndivhuwo P Mulaudzi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou.
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Remberk B, Kosińska B, Brągoszewska J, Bogucka-Bonikowska A, Twardowska M. Problems and Strengths in Psychiatric Nursing in Poland: Current Legal Regulations and Results of Survey. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2020; 41:339-347. [PMID: 31855508 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1663456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: National health resources are considered inadequate to meet the needs of Mental Health services in Poland due in part to insufficient funding. The status of the nursing profession is autonomous and independent, and one that bears much public trust. Nevertheless, psychiatric nursing is in deep crisis.Aim of the study: To determine the strengths and limitations of the psychiatric nursing system in Poland.Method: Participants of a major Psychiatric Nursing Conference in Poland were surveyed in terms of professional job satisfaction and current problems encountered in psychiatric nursing. Results were appropriately categorized and subjected to quantitative analysis.Results: There were 74 subjects, amounting to a 70% response rate who completed the study questionnaire. Problem areas were focused on how the mental health system is organized and on staff working conditions that included terms of employment and salaries. The main reasons for job satisfaction were those issues associated with the treatment process. Two participants replied that they were not satisfied.Discussion: The numerous problems encountered in Polish psychiatry nursing require further debate and the updating of legal regulations to increase funding. Recently introduced regulations on the minimal standards acceptable for nurse/bed ratios have however been postponed until 2021. The issues concerning job satisfaction have also been referred to in previous studies.Implication for practice: The crisis facing psychiatric nursing in Poland requires systemic changes in both legal regulations and financing. Notwithstanding, such professionals and their societies could facilitate the necessary changes through enhancing public debate and stimulating nursing-focused research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Remberk
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Brągoszewska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bogucka-Bonikowska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Twardowska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
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Delgado C, Roche M, Fethney J, Foster K. Workplace resilience and emotional labour of Australian mental health nurses: Results of a national survey. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2020; 29:35-46. [PMID: 31050127 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Emotional labour is a form of adversity faced by mental health nurses in the context of their workplace interactions. Frequent exposure to emotional adversity can negatively impact mental health nurses' biopsychosocial well-being, workplace relationships, and performance. Workplace resilience is a dynamic interactive process within and between the person and their environment that promotes positive adaptation to adverse events and restores well-being. Workplace resilience could be a protective process that helps mental health nurses positively adapt to workplace emotional adversity. This study aimed to investigate Australian mental health nurses' workplace resilience and emotional labour and explore the relationship between them. A national cross-sectional online survey comprising the Resilience at Work and Emotional Labour scales was completed by registered nurses (n = 482) working in a mental health role or setting across Australia. There was a strong negative relationship between resilience and the emotional labour strategy of surface acting. A positive association between resilience, frequency of emotional labour, and clinical supervision was also found. These findings point to a potential link between mental health nurses' skills of cognitive reframing, and emotional and behavioural regulation needed to effectively manage their emotions and remain therapeutic in interpersonal interactions. Clinical supervision may be a key strategy in supporting mental health nurses' resilience. Further investigation of workplace individuals' internal and external resources, and organizational resources, supports, and strategies that can promote and strengthen mental health nurses' well-being is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Delgado
- School of Nursing, Midwifery& Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Sydney Local Health District Mental Health Service, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Roche
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Judith Fethney
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kim Foster
- School of Nursing, Midwifery& Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.,Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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