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Reis AA, Monteiro MF, Bonilha GM, Saraiva L, Araújo C, Santamaria MP, Casati MZ, Kumar P, Casarin RCV. Parents with periodontitis drive the early acquisition of dysbiotic microbiomes in their offspring. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:890-904. [PMID: 37086047 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the microbial colonization in different dentition phases on individuals from 0 to 18 years of age belonging to families with a history of periodontitis compared to descendants of periodontally healthy parents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The offspring of subjects with periodontitis ('Perio' group) and the offspring of periodontally healthy subjects ('Healthy' group), matched for gender and age, were included in this cross-sectional study and divided according to the dentition phase: pre-dentate, primary, mixed and permanent. The patients were clinically assessed, and their saliva was collected. DNA was extracted, and V1-V3 and V4-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced. RESULTS Fifty children of parents with periodontitis and 50 from healthy parents were included in the study and divided according to the dentition phase: pre-dentate (n = 5/group), primary dentition (n = 15/group), mixed dentition (n = 15/group) and permanent dentition (n = 15/group) in each group. The microbiome composition was different between dentitions for both groups. Children of the Perio group presented a microbial diversity different from that of the Healthy group in mixed and permanent dentitions. The more intense shift in the community occurred between primary and mixed dentition in the Perio group, while the transition between mixed and permanent dentition was the period with greater changes in the microbiome for the Healthy group. Furthermore, a pathogen-rich environment-higher prevalence and abundance of periodontitis-associated species such as Prevotella spp., Selenomonas spp., Leptotrichia spp., Filifactor alocis, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia- was observed in the Perio group. CONCLUSIONS The parents' periodontal status significantly affects the microbiome composition of their offspring from an early age. The mixed dentition was the phase associated with establishing a dysbiotic and pathogen-rich microbiome in descendants of parents with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luciana Saraiva
- School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassia Araújo
- Institute of Health Science, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Purnima Kumar
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Casarin RCV, Salmon CR, Stolf CS, Paz HES, Rangel TP, Domingues RR, Pauletti BA, Paes-Leme AF, Araújo C, Santamaria MP, Ruiz KS, Monteiro MF. Salivary annexin A1: A candidate biomarker for periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:942-951. [PMID: 36935103 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the salivary proteomic profile of periodontitis-affected (PA) parents and their offspring to periodontally healthy (PH) dyads in the pursuit of possible biomarkers for early diagnosis of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unstimulated saliva samples collected from 17 pairs of PA or PH individuals and their children were submitted to mass spectrometric analyses followed by proteomic analyses. Primary PA fibroblasts were triggered towards having an inflammatory response, and an immunoenzymatic assay of its supernatant was performed to validate the obtained data. RESULTS ANXA1, KRT4, GSTP1, HPX, A2M and KRT13 were lower in PA parents and their children, and IGHG1, CSTB, KRT9, SMR3B, IGHG4 and SERPINA1 were higher. ANXA1 presented the highest fold change, 7.1 times less produced in children of PA parents, and was selected as a potential biomarker for periodontitis. The in vitro assay also showed lower ANXA1 production by cells of PA patients. CONCLUSION Before any clinical sign of periodontal loss, descendants of PA patients have an altered proteomic profile compared to PH individuals, presenting a lower abundance of ANXA1. This protein is suggested as a potential biomarker for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato C V Casarin
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R Salmon
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila S Stolf
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélvis E S Paz
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Rangel
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Romênia R Domingues
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca A Pauletti
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana F Paes-Leme
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassia Araújo
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro P Santamaria
- Periodontics Division, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina S Ruiz
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mabelle F Monteiro
- Periodontics Division, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Arsic Z, Jovanovic R, Djordjevic A, Sehalic M, Marjanovic D, Mikic M, Vlahovic Z, Mladenovic R. Clinical and microbiological effects of photodynamic therapy applied in non-surgical treatment of periodontitis. VOJNOSANIT PREGL 2022. [DOI: 10.2298/vsp200304060a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim. Treatment of periodontitis undergoes several treatment phases. Non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) represents the basic treatment stage, and it is applied to all the patients undergoing periodontal treatment. Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is one of several contemporary and relatively new possibilities with a role to inactivate microorganisms responsible for the occurrence and progression of the disease. The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze the clinical and microbiological effects of the NSPT alone, as well as combined with aPDT. Methods. A split-mouth method design was used in a prospective randomized controlled trial. The following clinical parameters were registered and monitored: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The presence of microorganisms Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Samples were tested before the therapy, as well as three months after the therapy. Therapeutic modalities of NSPT and NSPT with adjunct aPDT were examined. Results. All of the analyzed clinical parameters proved statistically significant improvement after the application of both treatment modalities (p < 0.001). Microbiological analyses showed that the total number of microorganisms was statistically significantly lower after the application of both methods (p < 0.001). Following the treatment, there was a statistically significantly reduced number of microorganisms Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola (p < 0.001). NSPT combined with aPDT led to a statistically significant improvement of both clinical parameters and microbiological status compared to NSPT applied on its own. Conclusion. The study showed improvement of all clinical indicators after the application of both treatment modalities. The total number of microorganisms was reduced as well as the number of specific microorganisms. Combining aPDT with NSPT led to a statistically significantly higher reduction in the number of microorganisms compared to NSPT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Arsic
- University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Radovan Jovanovic
- University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Djordjevic
- University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Meliha Sehalic
- University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Dragan Marjanovic
- University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Mirko Mikic
- University of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Zoran Vlahovic
- University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Rasa Mladenovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Parents with periodontitis impact the subgingival colonization of their offspring. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1357. [PMID: 33446688 PMCID: PMC7809442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early acquisition of a pathogenic microbiota and the presence of dysbiosis in childhood is associated with susceptibility to and the familial aggregation of periodontitis. This longitudinal interventional case-control study aimed to evaluate the impact of parental periodontal disease on the acquisition of oral pathogens in their offspring. Subgingival plaque and clinical periodontal metrics were collected from 18 parents with a history of generalized aggressive periodontitis and their children (6-12 years of age), and 18 periodontally healthy parents and their parents at baseline and following professional oral prophylaxis. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that parents were the primary source of the child's microbiome, affecting their microbial acquisition and diversity. Children of periodontitis parents were preferentially colonized by Filifactor alocis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and several species belonging to the genus Selenomonas even in the absence of periodontitis, and these species controlled inter-bacterial interactions. These pathogens also emerged as robust discriminators of the microbial signatures of children of parents with periodontitis. Plaque control did not modulate this pathogenic pattern, attesting to the microbiome's resistance to change once it has been established. This study highlights the critical role played by parental disease in microbial colonization patterns in their offspring and the early acquisition of periodontitis-related species and underscores the need for greater surveillance and preventive measures in families of periodontitis patients.
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Monteiro MF, Casati MZ, Sallum EA, Silvério KG, Nociti-Jr FH, Casarin RCV. The familial trend of the local inflammatory response in periodontal disease. Oral Dis 2020; 28:202-209. [PMID: 33252790 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The imbalanced host response in front of a dysbiotic biofilm is one of the major aspects of severe periodontitis, which also presents a strong familial aggregation related to the susceptibility factors transmission within family members. This study hypothesized that aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) patients and their descendants could present a similar trend of a local inflammatory response that is different from healthy controls. METHODS Fifteen GAgP subjects and their children and fifteen healthy subjects and their children were clinically assessed, and the concentration of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was evaluated in the gingival fluid using the multiplexed bead immunoassay. RESULTS Children from the GAgP group presented lower IL-10 and IFN-γ subgingival concentration than Health children, despite no difference in the clinical parameters. GAgP parents showed a lower IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-6 than healthy subjects. IL-10/IL-1β and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios were reduced in GAgP dyads, suggesting a familial trend in the subgingival cytokine's profile. The cytokines correlated to the clinical data and were predictors of probing depth increase. CONCLUSION GAgP parents and their children presented a similar cytokine profile and an imbalance in the subgingival response characterized by decreased IFN-γ/IL-4 and IL10/IL-1β ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabelle Freitas Monteiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Márcio Zaffalon Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Enilson Antonio Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Karina Gonzales Silvério
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Humberto Nociti-Jr
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Renato Corrêa Viana Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Triclosan toothpaste as an adjunct therapy to plaque control in children from periodontitis families: a crossover clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:1421-1430. [PMID: 31907625 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies have demonstrated that children from aggressive periodontitis (AgP) parents presented precocious alterations in their periodontal condition, and the use of chemical agents in association to plaque control could be useful to control these alterations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Triclosan toothpaste to modulate the clinical and subgingival condition in children from AgP parents. METHODS Fifteen children from AgP parents and 15 from periodontally healthy parents were included in this crossover placebo study. Children were randomly allocated into triclosan or placebo therapy, using selected toothpaste for 45 days. After 15 days of wash-out, groups were crossed, changing the used toothpaste. Clinical examination and saliva, crevicular gingival fluid (GCF), and subgingival biofilm collection were performed at baseline and 45 days of each phase. GCF cytokines' levels were analyzed by Luminex/MAGpix platform and subgingival and salivary periodontal pathogens' levels by qPCR. RESULTS At baseline, AgP group presented higher plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BoP), higher Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) abundance in saliva and subgingival biofilm, and lower levels of INF-ɣ, IL-4, and IL-17 in GCF. Placebo therapy only reduced PI in both groups. Triclosan toothpaste reduced PI and GI in both groups. Triclosan promoted reduction of BoP and probing depth (PD), Aa salivary, and IL-1β levels in AgP group. In health group, triclosan reduced INF-ɣ and IL-4 concentration. CONCLUSION Triclosan toothpaste demonstrated to be more effective than placebo toothpaste to control the periodontal condition in children from AgP parents, by reducing the BoP, PD, salivary Aa, and IL-1β. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Triclosan toothpaste can improve oral conditions in higher-risk population for AgP. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT03642353.
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Bennani M, Rangé H, Meuric V, Mora F, Bouchard P, Carra MC. Shared detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis in cohabiting family members: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Microbiol 2019; 12:1687398. [PMID: 31893015 PMCID: PMC6844440 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2019.1687398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory dysbiotic disease. Among putative dysbiosis causes, transmission of Porphyromonas gingivalis between individuals of the same family remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the likelihood of shared detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis among cohabiting family members. Methods: A literature search was conducted on different databases up to September 2018. Articles assessing the presence of P.gingivalis between members of the same family were screened. Only English literature was retrieved, whereas no limits were applied for bacterial sampling and detection methods. Results: Overall, 26 articles published between 1993 and 2017 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 18 articles were used for meta-analyses. Based on bacterial culture, the likelihood of an intra-familial transmission of P.gingivalis once a member of the family harbors the bacterium is estimated at 63.5% (n = 132 pairs of family members); this drops to 45% when pooling together culture and Polymerase-Chain-Reaction (n = 481 pairs), whereas it is estimated at 35.7% when genotyping is applied (n = 137 pairs). Conclusion: Pooled results suggest that the likelihood of detecting P.gingivalis within within family members is moderately frequent. Personalized periodontal screening and prevention may consider intra-familial co-occurrence of P.gingivalis as feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Bennani
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,U.F.R. of Odontology, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Rangé
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,U.F.R. of Odontology, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paris Descartes University, Montrouge, France
| | - Vincent Meuric
- Microbiology UPRES-EA 1254, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Francis Mora
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,U.F.R. of Odontology, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bouchard
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,U.F.R. of Odontology, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,EA 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paris Descartes University, Montrouge, France
| | - Maria Clotilde Carra
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,U.F.R. of Odontology, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Inserm, Population-based Epidemiologic Cohorts Unit, Villejuif, France
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Corrêa MG, Oliveira DH, Saraceni CHC, Ribeiro FV, Pimentel SP, Cirano FR, Casarin RCV. Short-term microbiological effects of photodynamic therapy in non-surgical periodontal treatment of residual pockets: A split-mouth RCT. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 48:944-950. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Grazieli Corrêa
- Dental Research Division; School of Dentistry; Paulista University; São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Deborah Haydee Oliveira
- Dental Research Division; School of Dentistry; Paulista University; São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Vieira Ribeiro
- Dental Research Division; School of Dentistry; Paulista University; São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Suzana Peres Pimentel
- Dental Research Division; School of Dentistry; Paulista University; São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fabiano Ribeiro Cirano
- Dental Research Division; School of Dentistry; Paulista University; São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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Monteiro MDF, Casati MZ, Taiete T, do Vale HF, Nociti FH, Sallum EA, Silvério KG, Casarin RCV. Periodontal clinical and microbiological characteristics in healthyversusgeneralized aggressive periodontitis families. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42:914-21. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcio Z. Casati
- Division of Periodontics; State University of Campinas; Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tiago Taiete
- Division of Periodontics; State University of Campinas; Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Hugo F. do Vale
- Division of Periodontics; State University of Campinas; Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Karina G. Silvério
- Division of Periodontics; State University of Campinas; Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
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Zhang F, He S, Jin J, Dong G, Wu H. Exploring salivary microbiota in AIDS patients with different periodontal statuses using 454 GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2015; 5:55. [PMID: 26191508 PMCID: PMC4488753 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2015.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are at high risk of opportunistic infections. Oral manifestations have been associated with the level of immunosuppression, these include periodontal diseases, and understanding the microbial populations in the oral cavity is crucial for clinical management. The aim of this study was to examine the salivary bacterial diversity in patients newly admitted to the AIDS ward of the Public Health Clinical Center (China). Saliva samples were collected from 15 patients with AIDS who were randomly recruited between December 2013 and March 2014. Extracted DNA was used as template to amplify bacterial 16S rRNA. Sequencing of the amplicon library was performed using a 454 GS-FLX Titanium sequencing platform. Reads were optimized and clustered into operational taxonomic units for further analysis. A total of 10 bacterial phyla (106 genera) were detected. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were preponderant in the salivary microbiota in AIDS patients. The pathogen, Capnocytophaga sp., and others not considered pathogenic such as Neisseria elongata, Streptococcus mitis, and Mycoplasma salivarium but which may be opportunistic infective agents were detected. Dialister pneumosintes, Eubacterium infirmum, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Treponema parvum were preponderant in AIDS patients with periodontitis. Patients with necrotic periodontitis had a distinct salivary bacterial profile from those with chronic periodontitis. This is the first study using advanced sequencing techniques focused on hospitalized AIDS patients showing the diversity of their salivary microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Shenghua He
- Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu Chengdu, China
| | - Jieqi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Guangyan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
| | - Hongkun Wu
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu, China
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