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Song GB, Nam J, Ji S, Woo G, Park S, Kim B, Hong J, Choi MG, Kim S, Lee C, Lim W, Yoon S, Kim JM, Choi WJ, Choi MJ, Koh HR, Lim TG, Hong S. Deciphering the links: Fragmented polystyrene as a driver of skin inflammation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 480:135815. [PMID: 39278036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Nano- and microplastics (NMPs), ubiquitous in the environment, pose significant health risks. We report for the first time a comprehensive study using in-vitro, in-vivo, and ex-vivo models to investigate the penetration and inflammatory effects of fragmented polystyrene (fPS) on human skin, including the analysis of both penetration depth and fPS amounts that penetrate the skin. Human keratinocyte (HaCaT) and human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells exposed to fPS exhibited notable internalization and cytotoxicity. In a 3D human skin model, fPS particles penetrated the dermal layer within one hour, with an average maximum penetration of 4.7 μg for particles smaller than 2 µm. Similarly, mouse dorsal skin and human abdominal skin models confirmed fPS penetration. RNA sequencing revealed substantial upregulation of inflammatory genes, including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, IL-8, ICAM-1, FOS, and JUN, following fPS exposure. These findings were validated at both the mRNA and protein levels, indicating a robust inflammatory response. Notably, the inflammatory response in both the 3D human skin and mouse models increased in a dose-dependent manner, underscoring the toxicological impact of fPS on skin health. This study provides crucial insights into the mechanisms through which NMPs affect human health and underscores the need for further research to develop effective mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Bae Song
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijeong Woo
- Korea Testing Certification Institute, Gunpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojeong Park
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeein Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Gil Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokheon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerin Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchul Lim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo June Choi
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jung Choi
- Korea Testing Certification Institute, Gunpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ran Koh
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungguan Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Reeder TL, Zarlenga DS, Zeigler AL, Dyer RM. Transcriptional responses consistent with perturbation in dermo-epidermal homeostasis in septic sole ulceration. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00843-9. [PMID: 38825108 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate transcriptional changes in sole epidermis and dermis of bovine claws with septic sole ulceration of the lateral claw. Assessment included changes in transcripts orchestrating epidermal homeostatic processes including epidermal proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and cell signaling. Sole epidermis and dermis was removed from region 4 of lesion-bearing lateral and lesion-free medial claws of pelvic limbs in multiparous, lactating Holstein cows. Control sole epidermis and dermis was obtained from region 4 of lateral claws of normal pelvic limbs. Transcript abundances were evaluated by real-time QPCR and relative expression analyzed by ANOVA. Relative to normal lateral claws, sole epidermis and dermis in ulcer-bearing claws exhibited downregulation of genes associated with growth factors, growth factor receptors, activator protein 1 (AP-1) and proto-oncogene (CMYC) transcription components, cell cycle elements, lateral cell-to-cell signaling elements and structures of early and late keratinocyte differentiation. These changes were accompanied by upregulation of pro-inflammatory transcripts interleukin 1 α (IL1A), interleukin1 β (IL1B), interleukin 1 receptor 1 (IL1R1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), the inflammasome components NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), pyrin and caspase recruitment domain (PYCARD), and caspase-1 interleukin converting enzyme (CASPASE), the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), and anti-inflammatory genes interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) and interleukin1 receptor 2 (IL1R2). Transcript abundance varied across epidermis and dermis from the ulcer center, margin and epidermis and dermis adjacent to the lesion. Sole epidermis and dermis of lesion-free medial claws exhibited changes paralleling those in the adjacent lateral claws in an environment lacking inflammatory transcripts and downregulated IL1A, interleukin 18 (IL18), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFA) and NOS2. These data imply perturbations in signal pathways driving epidermal proliferation and differentiation are associated with, but not inevitably linked to epidermis and dermis inflammation. Further work is warranted to better define the role of crushing tissue injury, sepsis, metalloproteinase activity, and inflammation in sole ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Reeder
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303
| | - D S Zarlenga
- Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350
| | - A L Zeigler
- Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - R M Dyer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717-1303.
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Xian L, Xiong Y, Qin L, Wei L, Zhou S, Wang Q, Fu Q, Chen M, Qin Y. Jun/Fos promotes migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by enhancing BORIS promoter activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 169:106540. [PMID: 38281696 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The Brother of the Regulator of Imprinted Sites (BORIS), as a specific indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma, exhibits a significant increase in expression. However, its upstream regulatory network remains enigmatic. Previous research has indicated a strong correlation between the Hippo pathway and the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. It is well established that the Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) frequently engages in interactions with the Hippo pathway. Thus, we attempt to prove whether Jun and Fos, a major member of the AP-1 family, are involved in the regulation of BORIS expression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the existence of binding sites for Jun and Fos within the BORIS promoter. Through a series of overexpression and knockdown experiments, we corroborated that Jun and Fos have the capacity to augment BORIS expression, thereby fostering the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Moreover, Methylation-Specific PCR and Bisulfite Sequencing PCR assays revealed that Jun and Fos do not have a significant impact on the demethylation of the BORIS promoter. However, luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments substantiated that Jun and Fos could directly bind to the BORIS promoter, thereby enhancing its transcription. In conclusion, these results suggest that Jun and Fos can promote the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by directly regulating the expression of BORIS. These findings may provide experimental evidence positioning BORIS as a novel target for the clinical intervention of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjun Xian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yimei Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lu Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Department of Surgery Division of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Rd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qinda Wang
- Department of Surgery Division of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Rd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mingmei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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4
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He K, Wang Z, Liu M, Du W, Yin T, Bai R, Duan Q, Wang Y, Lei H, Zheng Y. Exploring the Effect of Xiao-Chai-Hu Decoction on Treating Psoriasis Based on Network Pharmacology and Experiment Validation. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:215-229. [PMID: 38532341 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128288527240108110844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory and recurrent skin disease. Xiao-Chai-Hu Decoction (XCHD) has shown good effects against some inflammatory diseases and cancers. However, the pharmacological effect and mechanisms of XCHD on psoriasis are not yet clear. OBJECTIVE To uncover the effect and mechanisms of XCHD on psoriasis by integrating network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo experiments. METHODS The active ingredients and corresponding targets of XCHD were screened through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis (TCMSP) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of psoriasis were obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The XCHD-psoriasis intersection targets were obtained by intersecting XCHD targets, and DEGs were used to establish the "herb-active ingredient-target" network and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Network. The hub targets were identified based on the PPI network by Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed next. Molecular docking was executed via AutoDockTools-1.5.6. Finally, in vivo experiments were carried out further to validate the therapeutic effects of XCHD on psoriasis. RESULTS 58 active components and 219 targets of XCHD were screened. 4 top-active components (quercetin, baicalein, wogonin and kaempferol) and 7 hub targets (IL1B, CXCL8, CCND1, FOS, MMP9, STAT1 and CCL2) were identified. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway and several pathways were involved. Molecular docking results indicated that hub genes had a good affinity to the corresponding key compounds. In imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis mouse models, XCHD could significantly improve psoriasis-like skin lesions, downregulate KRT17 and Ki67, and inhibit inflammation cytokines and VEGF. CONCLUSION XCHD showed the therapeutic effect on psoriasis by regulating keratinocyte differentiation, and suppressing inflammation and angiogenesis, which provided a theoretical basis for further experiments and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wenqian Du
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tingyi Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ruimin Bai
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiqi Duan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hao Lei
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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5
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Xu Z, Xu X, Yang B, Mi Y, Wang J. 3D sheep rumen epithelial structures driven from single cells in vitro. Vet Res 2023; 54:104. [PMID: 37946298 PMCID: PMC10636852 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminants play a vital economic role as livestock, providing high-quality protein for humans. At present, 3D-cultured ruminant abomasum and intestinal organoids have been successfully established to study host and pathogen interaction. The rumen is a unique digestive organ of ruminants that occupies 70% of the volume of the digestive tract and its microbiota can decompose lignocellulose to support animal growth. Here we report a method for culturing rumen epithelial organoids. We found that single rumen epithelial cells form self-organized 3D structures representative of typical stratified squamous epithelium, which is similar to rumen epithelium. EGF, Noggin, Wnt3a, IGF-1, and FGF-10 significantly enhanced the seeding efficiency of organoids. Moreover, the inclusion of CHIR-99021, A83-01, SB202190, and Y-27632 is crucial for organoid formation and maintenance. Importantly, we demonstrate that rumen epithelial cells retain their ability to form organoids after passage, cryopreservation, and resuscitation. The rumen epithelial organoids express rumen cell type-specific genes, uptake fatty acids, and generate 2D cultures. In summary, our data demonstrate that it is feasible to establish organoids from single rumen epithelial cells, which is a novel in vitro system that may reduce the use of experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebang Xu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuling Mi
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiakun Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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6
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Wang L, Trasanidis N, Wu T, Dong G, Hu M, Bauer DE, Pinello L. Dictys: dynamic gene regulatory network dissects developmental continuum with single-cell multiomics. Nat Methods 2023; 20:1368-1378. [PMID: 37537351 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are key determinants of cell function and identity and are dynamically rewired during development and disease. Despite decades of advancement, challenges remain in GRN inference, including dynamic rewiring, causal inference, feedback loop modeling and context specificity. To address these challenges, we develop Dictys, a dynamic GRN inference and analysis method that leverages multiomic single-cell assays of chromatin accessibility and gene expression, context-specific transcription factor footprinting, stochastic process network and efficient probabilistic modeling of single-cell RNA-sequencing read counts. Dictys improves GRN reconstruction accuracy and reproducibility and enables the inference and comparative analysis of context-specific and dynamic GRNs across developmental contexts. Dictys' network analyses recover unique insights in human blood and mouse skin development with cell-type-specific and dynamic GRNs. Its dynamic network visualizations enable time-resolved discovery and investigation of developmental driver transcription factors and their regulated targets. Dictys is available as a free, open-source and user-friendly Python package.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Wang
- Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Gene Regulation Observatory, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nikolaos Trasanidis
- Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ting Wu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guanlan Dong
- Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Hu
- Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel E Bauer
- Gene Regulation Observatory, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luca Pinello
- Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Gene Regulation Observatory, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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7
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Boe RH, Ayyappan V, Schuh L, Raj A. Allelic correlation is a marker of trade-offs between barriers to transmission of expression variability and signal responsiveness in genetic networks. Cell Syst 2022; 13:1016-1032.e6. [PMID: 36450286 PMCID: PMC9811561 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Genetic networks should respond to signals but prevent the transmission of spontaneous fluctuations. Limited data from mammalian cells suggest that noise transmission is uncommon, but systematic claims about noise transmission have been limited by the inability to directly measure it. Here, we build a mathematical framework modeling allelic correlation and noise transmission, showing that allelic correlation and noise transmission correspond across model parameters and network architectures. Limiting noise transmission comes with the trade-off of being unresponsive to signals, and within responsive regimes, there is a further trade-off between response time and basal noise transmission. Analysis of allele-specific single-cell RNA-sequencing data revealed that genes encoding upstream factors in signaling pathways and cell-type-specific factors have higher allelic correlation than downstream factors, suggesting they are more subject to regulation. Overall, our findings suggest that some noise transmission must result from signal responsiveness, but it can be minimized by trading off for a slower response. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Boe
- Genetics and Epigenetics, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vinay Ayyappan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lea Schuh
- Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Arjun Raj
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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8
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Al Moussawi K, Chung K, Carroll TM, Osterburg C, Smirnov A, Lotz R, Miller P, Dedeić Z, Zhong S, Oti M, Kouwenhoven EN, Asher R, Goldin R, Tellier M, Murphy S, Zhou H, Dötsch V, Lu X. Mutant Ras and inflammation-driven skin tumorigenesis is suppressed via a JNK-iASPP-AP1 axis. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111503. [PMID: 36261000 PMCID: PMC9597577 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Concurrent mutation of a RAS oncogene and the tumor suppressor p53 is common in tumorigenesis, and inflammation can promote RAS-driven tumorigenesis without the need to mutate p53. Here, we show, using a well-established mutant RAS and an inflammation-driven mouse skin tumor model, that loss of the p53 inhibitor iASPP facilitates tumorigenesis. Specifically, iASPP regulates expression of a subset of p63 and AP1 targets, including genes involved in skin differentiation and inflammation, suggesting that loss of iASPP in keratinocytes supports a tumor-promoting inflammatory microenvironment. Mechanistically, JNK-mediated phosphorylation regulates iASPP function and inhibits iASPP binding with AP1 components, such as JUND, via PXXP/SH3 domain-mediated interaction. Our results uncover a JNK-iASPP-AP1 regulatory axis that is crucial for tissue homeostasis. We show that iASPP is a tumor suppressor and an AP1 coregulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatoun Al Moussawi
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Kathryn Chung
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Thomas M Carroll
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Christian Osterburg
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Artem Smirnov
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Rebecca Lotz
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Paul Miller
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Zinaida Dedeić
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Shan Zhong
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Martin Oti
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Evelyn N Kouwenhoven
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ruth Asher
- Cellular Pathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Histopathology, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Robert Goldin
- Department of Pathology, Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine at St Mary's, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Michael Tellier
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Shona Murphy
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Huiqing Zhou
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6500 Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Volker Dötsch
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Xin Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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9
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Jiang R, Xu J, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Chen M, Chen X, Yin M. Ligustrazine alleviates psoriasis-like inflammation through inhibiting TRAF6/c-JUN/NFκB signaling pathway in keratinocyte. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113010. [PMID: 35468584 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort (Ligusticum; Apiaceae) (accepted name, Ligusticum striatum DC, on "The Plant List" for the latest version) is a Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) which mainly distributed in Sichuan Basin, China. Chuanxiong is the dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Ligustrazine, also known as tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), is a main active fraction of chuanxiong. The aim of this study was to clarify the underlying mechanisms by which TMP protect against psoriasis-like inflammation in keratinocytes. Here, we demonstrated that TMP alleviated the severity and PASI scores of IMQ-induced psoriasis-like skin lesion in vivo. For the histopathology level, TMP inhibited the over-proliferation of keratinocytes in the epidermis and the substantial immune cells influx in dermis. For the mechanism of the ability of TMP on regulating inflammation, we confirmed that TMP regulate the TRAF6/c-JUN/NFκB signaling pathway through analyzing the proteomics profiling and verifying the expression of TRAF6, pho-c-Jun, pho-NFκB, so that the downstream psoriasis-relevant genes transcribed by c-JUN or NFκB were down-regulated. Furthermore, we predicted TRAF6 as the potential binding point of TMP. Accordingly, our study demonstrated that TMP regulated psoriasis-like inflammation through inhibiting TRAF6/c-JUN/NFκB signaling pathway in keratinocytes, which potentially provides evidence of the mechanism of TMP in the treatment and prevention of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Jiang
- The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuezhong Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiachen Liu
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiang Chen
- The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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10
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Liu S, Yuan X, Su H, Liu F, Zhuang Z, Chen Y. ZNF384: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Psoriasis and Alzheimer’s Disease Through Inflammation and Metabolism. Front Immunol 2022; 13:892368. [PMID: 35669784 PMCID: PMC9163351 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is an immune-related skin disease notable for its chronic inflammation of the entire system. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is more prevalent in psoriasis than in the general population. Immune-mediated pathophysiologic processes may link these two diseases, but the mechanism is still unclear. This article aimed to explore potential molecular mechanisms in psoriasis and AD. Methods Gene expression profiling data of psoriasis and AD were acquired in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) were first applied in two datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of two diseases were identified, and common DEGs were selected. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed to explore common biological pathways. Signature transcription factors (STFs) were identified and their diagnostic values was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in the exploration cohort and verified in the validation cohort. The expression levels of STFs were further investigated in the validation cohort and the GTEx Portal Database. Additionally, four kinds of interaction analysis were performed: correlation analysis among STFs, gene-gene, chemical-protein, and protein-ligand interaction analyses. In the end, we predicted the transcription factor that potentially regulates STFs. Results Biosynthesis and metabolic pathways were enriched in GSEA analysis. In ssGSEA analysis, most immunoreaction gene lists exhibited differential enrichment in psoriasis cases, whereas three receptor-related gene lists did in AD. The KEGG analysis of common DEGs redetermined inflammatory and metabolic pathways essential in both diseases. 5 STFs (PPARG, ZFPM2, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX) were screened from common DEGs. The ROC analysis indicated that all STFs have diagnostic values in two diseases, especially ZFPM2. The correlation analysis, gene-gene, chemical-protein, and protein-ligand interaction analyses suggested that STFs interplay and involve inflammation and aberrant metabolism. Eventually, ZNF384 was the predicted transcription factor regulating PPARG, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX. Conclusions The STFs (PPARG, ZFPM2, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX) may increase the morbidity rate of AD in psoriasis by initiating a positive feedback loop of excessive inflammation and metabolic disorders. ZNF384 is a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis and AD by regulating PPARG, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX.
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11
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Poletti M, Treveil A, Csabai L, Gul L, Modos D, Madgwick M, Olbei M, Bohar B, Valdeolivas A, Turei D, Verstockt B, Triana S, Alexandrov T, Saez-Rodriguez J, Stanifer ML, Boulant S, Korcsmaros T. Mapping the epithelial-immune cell interactome upon infection in the gut and the upper airways. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2022; 8:15. [PMID: 35501398 PMCID: PMC9061772 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-022-00224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence points towards the key role of the epithelium in the systemic and over-activated immune response to viral infection, including SARS-CoV-2 infection. Yet, how viral infection alters epithelial-immune cell interactions regulating inflammatory responses, is not well known. Available experimental approaches are insufficient to properly analyse this complex system, and computational predictions and targeted data integration are needed as an alternative approach. In this work, we propose an integrated computational biology framework that models how infection alters intracellular signalling of epithelial cells and how this change impacts the systemic immune response through modified interactions between epithelial cells and local immune cell populations. As a proof-of-concept, we focused on the role of intestinal and upper-airway epithelial infection. To characterise the modified epithelial-immune interactome, we integrated intra- and intercellular networks with single-cell RNA-seq data from SARS-CoV-2 infected human ileal and colonic organoids as well as from infected airway ciliated epithelial cells. This integrated methodology has proven useful to point out specific epithelial-immune interactions driving inflammation during disease response, and propose relevant molecular targets to guide focused experimental analysis.
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Grants
- BB/CSP17270/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BB/P016774/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BB/R012490/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BBS/E/T/000PR9817 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BBS/E/F/000PR10355 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BB/S50743X/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BB/M011216/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BBS/E/F/000PR10353 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- BB/J004529/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- The work of T.K. was supported by the Earlham Institute (Norwich, UK) in partnership with the Quadram Institute (Norwich, UK) and strategically supported by the UKRI BBSRC UK grants (BB/J004529/1, BB/P016774/1, and BB/CSP17270/1). T.K. was also funded by a BBSRC ISP grant for Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent projects, BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10355.
- M.P. is supported by the UKRI Biotechnological and Biosciences Research Council (BBSRC) funded Norwich Research Park Biosciences Doctoral Training Partnership (grant numbers BB/M011216/1 and BB/S50743X/1).
- A.T. is supported by the UKRI Biotechnological and Biosciences Research Council (BBSRC) funded Norwich Research Park Biosciences Doctoral Training Partnership (grant numbers BB/M011216/1 and BB/S50743X/1).
- L.G. is supported by the UKRI Biotechnological and Biosciences Research Council (BBSRC) funded Norwich Research Park Biosciences Doctoral Training Partnership (grant numbers BB/M011216/1 and BB/S50743X/1).
- The work of D.M. was supported by the Earlham Institute (Norwich, UK) in partnership with the Quadram Institute (Norwich, UK) and strategically supported by the UKRI BBSRC UK grants (BB/J004529/1, BB/P016774/1, and BB/CSP17270/1). D.M. was also funded by a BBSRC ISP grant for Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent projects, BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10355.
- M.O. is supported by the UKRI Biotechnological and Biosciences Research Council (BBSRC) funded Norwich Research Park Biosciences Doctoral Training Partnership (grant numbers BB/M011216/1 and BB/S50743X/1).
- B.V. is supported by the Clinical Research Fund (KOOR) University Hospitals Leuven.
- S.T. acknowledges the funding from the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh and from the ERC Consolidator grant METACELL from European Union’s Horizon 2020 program. S.T. acknowledges support from the EMBL Genomics Core Facility and particularly help from Vladimir Benes.
- T.A. acknowledges the funding from the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh and from the ERC Consolidator grant METACELL from European Union’s Horizon 2020 program. T.A. acknowledges support from the EMBL Genomics Core Facility and particularly help from Vladimir Benes.
- M.L.S. was supported by the DFG (416072091) and the BMBF (01KI20239B). D.T. was supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, Computational Life Sciences grant no. 031L0181B) to J.S.R.
- S.B. was supported by research grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG): project numbers 415089553 (Heisenberg program), 240245660 (SFB1129), 278001972 (TRR186), and 272983813 (TRR179), the state of Baden Wuerttemberg (AZ: 33.7533.-6-21/5/1) and the Bundesministerium Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) (01KI20198A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Poletti
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Agatha Treveil
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Luca Csabai
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Department of Genetics, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Leila Gul
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Dezso Modos
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Matthew Madgwick
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Marton Olbei
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Balazs Bohar
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Department of Genetics, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alberto Valdeolivas
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Denes Turei
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bram Verstockt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research in GI disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sergio Triana
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Megan L Stanifer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steeve Boulant
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tamas Korcsmaros
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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12
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Thakur S, Cahais V, Turkova T, Zikmund T, Renard C, Stopka T, Korenjak M, Zavadil J. Chromatin Remodeler Smarca5 Is Required for Cancer-Related Processes of Primary Cell Fitness and Immortalization. Cells 2022; 11:808. [PMID: 35269430 PMCID: PMC8909548 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Smarca5, an ATPase of the ISWI class of chromatin remodelers, is a key regulator of chromatin structure, cell cycle and DNA repair. Smarca5 is deregulated in leukemia and breast, lung and gastric cancers. However, its role in oncogenesis is not well understood. Chromatin remodelers often play dosage-dependent roles in cancer. We therefore investigated the epigenomic and phenotypic impact of controlled stepwise attenuation of Smarca5 function in the context of primary cell transformation, a process relevant to tumor formation. Upon conditional single- or double-allele Smarca5 deletion, the cells underwent both accelerated growth arrest and senescence entry and displayed gradually increased sensitivity to genotoxic insults. These phenotypic characteristics were explained by specific remodeling of the chromatin structure and the transcriptome in primary cells prior to the immortalization onset. These molecular programs implicated Smarca5 requirement in DNA damage repair, telomere maintenance, cell cycle progression and in restricting apoptosis and cellular senescence. Consistent with the molecular programs, we demonstrate for the first time that Smarca5-deficient primary cells exhibit dramatically decreased capacity to bypass senescence and immortalize, an indispensable step during cell transformation and cancer development. Thus, Smarca5 plays a crucial role in key homeostatic processes and sustains cancer-promoting molecular programs and cellular phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Thakur
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France; (S.T.); (V.C.); (C.R.)
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic; (S.T.)
- Biocev, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.T.); (T.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Vincent Cahais
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France; (S.T.); (V.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Tereza Turkova
- Biocev, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.T.); (T.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Tomas Zikmund
- Biocev, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.T.); (T.Z.); (T.S.)
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells (IES), Helmholtz Zentrum, D-81377 München, Germany; (T.Z.)
| | - Claire Renard
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France; (S.T.); (V.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Tomáš Stopka
- Biocev, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic; (T.T.); (T.Z.); (T.S.)
| | - Michael Korenjak
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France; (S.T.); (V.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France; (S.T.); (V.C.); (C.R.)
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13
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Usuki S, Tamura N, Tamura T, Yuyama K, Mikami D, Mukai K, Igarashi Y. Konjac Ceramide (kCer)-Mediated Signal Transduction of the Sema3A Pathway Promotes HaCaT Keratinocyte Differentiation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010121. [PMID: 35053118 PMCID: PMC8772740 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Konjac ceramide (kCer) is a unique molecular species of plant-type ceramide, and is a potential Sema3A-like ligand of Nrp1. kCer suppresses histamine-stimulated cell migration of HaCaT keratinocytes. This effect of kCer is not due to histamine-activated GPCRs, but rather to Sema3A-Nrp1 receptor binding. The present study focused on the ability of kCer to induce cell differentiation, in addition to its anti-migratory effects. We demonstrated that the effects of kCer on cell migration and cell differentiation are perpetuated by a cascade of crosstalk between pathways downstream of Nrp1 and GPCR in HaCaT cells. Abstract Histamines suppress epidermal keratinocyte differentiation. Previously, we reported that konjac ceramide (kCer) suppresses histamine-stimulated cell migration of HaCaT keratinocytes. kCer specifically binds to Nrp1 and does not interact with histamine receptors. The signaling mechanism of kCer in HaCaT cells is also controlled by an intracellular signaling cascade activated by the Sema3A-Nrp1 pathway. In the present study, we demonstrated that kCer treatment induced HaCaT keratinocyte differentiation after migration of immature cells. kCer-induced HaCaT cell differentiation was accompanied by some features of keratinocyte differentiation markers. kCer induced activating phosphorylation of p38MAPK and c-Fos, which increased the protein levels of involucrin that was the latter differentiation marker. In addition, we demonstrated that the effects of both kCer and histamines are regulated by an intracellular mechanism of Rac1 activation/RhoA inhibition downstream of the Sema3A/Nrp1 receptor and histamine/GPCR pathways. In summary, the effects of kCer on cell migration and cell differentiation are regulated by cascade crosstalk between downstream Nrp1 and histamine-GPCR pathways in HaCaT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seigo Usuki
- Lipid Biofunction Section, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.Y.); (D.M.); (K.M.); (Y.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-706-9086; Fax: +81-11-706-9024
| | - Noriko Tamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan; (N.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Tomohiro Tamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan; (N.T.); (T.T.)
| | - Kohei Yuyama
- Lipid Biofunction Section, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.Y.); (D.M.); (K.M.); (Y.I.)
| | - Daisuke Mikami
- Lipid Biofunction Section, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.Y.); (D.M.); (K.M.); (Y.I.)
| | - Katsuyuki Mukai
- Lipid Biofunction Section, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.Y.); (D.M.); (K.M.); (Y.I.)
- R & D Headquarters, Daicel Corporation, Tokyo 108-8230, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Igarashi
- Lipid Biofunction Section, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.Y.); (D.M.); (K.M.); (Y.I.)
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14
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Nyman E, Lindholm E, Rakar J, Junker JP, Kratz G. Effects of amniotic fluid on human keratinocyte gene expression - Implications for wound healing. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:764-774. [PMID: 34921689 PMCID: PMC9305168 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous wounds can lead to huge suffering for patients. Early fetal wounds have the capacity to regenerate without scar formation. Amniotic fluid (AF), containing hyaluronic acid (HA), may contribute to this regenerative environment. We aimed to analyse changes in gene expression when human keratinocytes are exposed to AF or HA. Human keratinocytes were cultured to subconfluence, starved for 12 h and then randomised to be maintained in (1) Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), (2) DMEM with 50% AF, or (3) DMEM with 50% fetal calf serum (FCS). Transcriptional changes were analysed using microarray and enriched with WebGestalt and Enrichr. Additionally, eight diagnostic genes were analysed using semiquantitative real‐time PCR to investigate epidermal differentiation and cellular stress after HA exposure as an alternative for AF exposure. The AF and FCS treatments resulted in enrichment of genes relating to varied aspects of epidermal and keratinocyte biology. In particular, p63‐, AP1‐ and NFE2L2‐ (Nrf2) associated genes were found significantly regulated in both treatments. More genes regulated by FCS treatment were associated with inflammatory signalling, whilst AF treatment was dominantly associated with molecular establishment of epidermis and lipid metabolic activity. HA exposure mostly resulted in gene regulation that was congruent with the AF microarray group, with increased expression of ITGA6 and LOR. We conclude that AF exposure enhances keratinocyte differentiation in vitro, which suggests that AF constituents can be beneficial for wound‐healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nyman
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elvira Lindholm
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Rakar
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Centre for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johan Pe Junker
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Centre for Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Kratz
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
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15
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Yu Y, Wu H, Zhang Q, Ogawa R, Fu S. Emerging insights into the immunological aspects of keloids. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1817-1826. [PMID: 34549462 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A special kind of scar, keloid, sometimes grows huge, disturbing patients in different ways. We discussed the pathogenesis of keloids and found researches about fibroblasts and collagen disorders, with little emphasis on immunity. Coupled with few effective treatments in keloid at present, we have focused on the immunological mechanisms of keloids with an aim to unravel some new therapeutic approaches in the future. In this review, the immunological processes are separately illustrated by the classification of different immune cells. In addition, we also discuss possible reasons for the repeated recurrence of keloids, the phenomenon of cell talks, and inflammation-related signal pathways involved in the pathogenesis of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyiyi Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Siqi Fu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Szentkereszty-Kovács Z, Gáspár K, Szegedi A, Kemény L, Kovács D, Törőcsik D. Alcohol in Psoriasis-From Bench to Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094987. [PMID: 34067223 PMCID: PMC8125812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol affects the symptoms, compliance and comorbidities as well as the safety and efficacy of treatments in psoriatic patients. In this review, we aim to summarize and link clinical observations with a molecular background, such as signaling pathways at the cellular level and genetic variations, and to provide an overview of how this knowledge could influence our treatment selection and patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Szentkereszty-Kovács
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.-K.); (K.G.); (A.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Krisztián Gáspár
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.-K.); (K.G.); (A.S.); (D.K.)
- Division of Dermatological Allergology, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szegedi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.-K.); (K.G.); (A.S.); (D.K.)
- Division of Dermatological Allergology, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- MTA-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Korányi fasor 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kovács
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.-K.); (K.G.); (A.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Dániel Törőcsik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.S.-K.); (K.G.); (A.S.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-255-602
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17
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Addison R, Weatherhead SC, Pawitri A, Smith GR, Rider A, Grantham HJ, Cockell SJ, Reynolds NJ. Therapeutic wavelengths of ultraviolet B radiation activate apoptotic, circadian rhythm, redox signalling and key canonical pathways in psoriatic epidermis. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101924. [PMID: 33812333 PMCID: PMC8050411 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) exerts pleiotropic effects on human skin. DNA damage response and repair pathways are activated by UVB; if damage cannot be repaired, apoptosis ensues. Although cumulative UVB exposure predisposes to skin cancer, UVB phototherapy is widely used as an effective treatment for psoriasis. Previous studies defined the therapeutic action spectrum of UVB and showed that psoriasis is resistant to apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate early molecular responses within psoriasis plaques following irradiation with single equi-erythemogenic doses of clinically-effective (311 nm, narrow-band) compared to clinically-ineffective (290 nm) UVB. Forty-eight micro-dissected epidermal samples from 20 psoriatic patients were analyzed using microarrays. Our bioinformatic analysis compared gene expression between 311 nm irradiated, 290 nm irradiated and control psoriasis epidermis to specifically identify 311 nm UVB differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their upstream regulatory pathways. Key DEGs and pathways were validated by immunohistochemical analysis. There was a dynamic induction and repression of 311 nm UVB DEGs between 6 h and 18 h, only a limited number of DEGs maintained their designated expression status between time-points. Key disease and function pathways included apoptosis, cell death, cell migration and leucocyte chemotaxis. DNA damage response pathways, NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response and P53 signalling were key nodes, interconnecting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Interferon signalling, dendritic cell maturation, granulocyte adhesion and atherosclerotic pathways were also differentially regulated. Consistent with these findings, top transcriptional regulators of 311 nm UVB DEGs related to: a) apoptosis, DNA damage response and cell cycle control; b) innate/acquired immune regulation and inflammation; c) hypoxia/redox response and angiogenesis; d) circadian rhythmicity; f) EGR/AP1 signalling and keratinocyte differentiation; and g) mitochondrial biogenesis. This research provides important insights into the molecular targets of 311 nm UVB, underscoring key roles for apoptosis and cell death. These and the other key pathways delineated may be central to the therapeutic effects of 311 nm in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Addison
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sophie C Weatherhead
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anandika Pawitri
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Graham R Smith
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ashley Rider
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Henry J Grantham
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Simon J Cockell
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nick J Reynolds
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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18
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Novoszel P, Holcmann M, Stulnig G, De Sa Fernandes C, Zyulina V, Borek I, Linder M, Bogusch A, Drobits B, Bauer T, Tam-Amersdorfer C, Brunner PM, Stary G, Bakiri L, Wagner EF, Strobl H, Sibilia M. Psoriatic skin inflammation is promoted by c-Jun/AP-1-dependent CCL2 and IL-23 expression in dendritic cells. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e12409. [PMID: 33724710 PMCID: PMC8033525 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll‐like receptor (TLR) stimulation induces innate immune responses involved in many inflammatory disorders including psoriasis. Although activation of the AP‐1 transcription factor complex is common in TLR signaling, the specific involvement and induced targets remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of c‐Jun/AP‐1 protein in skin inflammation following TLR7 activation using human psoriatic skin, dendritic cells (DC), and genetically engineered mouse models. We show that c‐Jun regulates CCL2 production in DCs leading to impaired recruitment of plasmacytoid DCs to inflamed skin after treatment with the TLR7/8 agonist Imiquimod. Furthermore, deletion of c‐Jun in DCs or chemical blockade of JNK/c‐Jun signaling ameliorates psoriasis‐like skin inflammation by reducing IL‐23 production in DCs. Importantly, the control of IL‐23 and CCL2 by c‐Jun is most pronounced in murine type‐2 DCs. CCL2 and IL‐23 expression co‐localize with c‐Jun in type‐2/inflammatory DCs in human psoriatic skin and JNK‐AP‐1 inhibition reduces the expression of these targets in TLR7/8‐stimulated human DCs. Therefore, c‐Jun/AP‐1 is a central driver of TLR7‐induced immune responses by DCs and JNK/c‐Jun a potential therapeutic target in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Novoszel
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Holcmann
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Stulnig
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristiano De Sa Fernandes
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Zyulina
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Izabela Borek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Linder
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Bogusch
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Drobits
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauer
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Tam-Amersdorfer
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Patrick M Brunner
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Stary
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Latifa Bakiri
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin F Wagner
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Abstract
Among the ~22,000 human genes, very few remain that have unknown functions. One such example is suprabasin (SBSN). Originally described as a component of the cornified envelope, the function of stratified epithelia-expressed SBSN is unknown. Both the lack of knowledge about the gene role under physiological conditions and the emerging link of SBSN to various human diseases, including cancer, attract research interest. The association of SBSN expression with poor prognosis of patients suffering from oesophageal carcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and myelodysplastic syndromes suggests that SBSN may play a role in human tumourigenesis. Three SBSN isoforms code for the secreted proteins with putative function as signalling molecules, yet with poorly described effects. In this first review about SBSN, we summarised the current knowledge accumulated since its original description, and we discuss the potential mechanisms and roles of SBSN in both physiology and pathology.
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20
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The Model of PPARγ-Downregulated Signaling in Psoriasis. PPAR Res 2020; 2020:6529057. [PMID: 33133175 PMCID: PMC7568796 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6529057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of genes in intersecting signaling pathways, as well as environmental influences, are required for the development of psoriasis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor and transcription factor which inhibits the expression of many proinflammatory genes. We tested the hypothesis that low levels of PPARγ expression promote the development of psoriatic lesions. We combined experimental results and network functional analysis to reconstruct the model of PPARγ-downregulated signaling in psoriasis. We hypothesize that the expression of IL17, STAT3, FOXP3, and RORC and FOSL1 genes in psoriatic skin is correlated with the level of PPARγ expression, and they belong to the same signaling pathway that regulates the development of psoriasis lesion.
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21
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Shibata S, Kashiwagi M, Morgan BA, Georgopoulos K. Functional interactions between Mi-2β and AP1 complexes control response and recovery from skin barrier disruption. J Exp Med 2020; 217:132751. [PMID: 31834931 PMCID: PMC7062528 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes respond to environmental signals by eliciting induction of genes that preserve skin's integrity. Here we show that the transcriptional response to stress signaling is supported by short-lived epigenetic changes. Comparison of chromatin accessibility and transcriptional changes induced by barrier disruption or by loss of the nucleosome remodeler Mi-2β identified their striking convergence in mouse and human keratinocytes. Mi-2β directly repressed genes induced by barrier disruption by restricting AP1-enriched promoter-distal sites, occupied by Mi-2β and JUNB at steady state and by c-JUN after Mi-2β depletion or stress signaling. Barrier disruption led to a modest reduction in Mi-2β expression and a further selective reduction of Mi-2β localization at stress response genes, possibly through competition with activated c-JUN. Consistent with a repressive role at stress response genes, genetic ablation of Mi-2β did not prevent reestablishment of barrier integrity but was required for return to homeostasis. Thus, a competition between Mi-2β-repressive and activating AP1 complexes may permit rapid transcriptional response to and resolution from stress signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Shibata
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Mariko Kashiwagi
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Bruce A Morgan
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Katia Georgopoulos
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
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22
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Matsuoka K, Bakiri L, Wolff LI, Linder M, Mikels-Vigdal A, Patiño-García A, Lecanda F, Hartmann C, Sibilia M, Wagner EF. Wnt signaling and Loxl2 promote aggressive osteosarcoma. Cell Res 2020; 30:885-901. [PMID: 32686768 PMCID: PMC7608146 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary malignant bone tumor in urgent need of better therapies. Using genetically modified mouse models (GEMMs), we demonstrate that Wnt signaling promotes c-Fos-induced OS formation via the actions of the collagen-modifying enzyme Loxl2. c-Fos/AP-1 directly regulates the expression of the Wnt ligands Wnt7b and Wnt9a in OS cells through promoter binding, and Wnt7b and Wnt9a in turn promote Loxl2 expression in murine and human OS cells through the transcription factors Zeb1 and Zeb2. Concordantly, inhibition of Wnt ligand secretion by inactivating the Wnt-less (Wls) gene in osteoblasts in c-Fos GEMMs either early or in a therapeutic setting reduces Loxl2 expression and progression of OS. Wls-deficient osteosarcomas proliferate less, are less mineralized and are enriched in fibroblastic cells surrounded by collagen fibers. Importantly, Loxl2 inhibition using either the pan-Lox inhibitor BAPN or a specific inducible shRNA reduces OS cell proliferation in vitro and decreases tumor growth and lung colonization in murine and human orthotopic OS transplantation models. Finally, OS development is delayed in c-Fos GEMMs treated with BAPN or with specific Loxl2 blocking antibodies. Congruently, a strong correlation between c-FOS, LOXL2 and WNT7B/WNT9A expression is observed in human OS samples, and c-FOS/LOXL2 co-expression correlates with OS aggressiveness and decreased patient survival. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of Wnt and/or Loxl2 should be considered to potentiate the inadequate current treatments for pediatric, recurrent, and metastatic OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Matsuoka
- Laboratory Genes and Disease, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna (MUV), Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Genes, Development and Disease Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Latifa Bakiri
- Laboratory Genes and Disease, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna (MUV), Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Genes, Development and Disease Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Lena I Wolff
- Department of Bone and Skeletal Research, Medical Faculty, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Markus Linder
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna (MUV), Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | | | - Ana Patiño-García
- Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdISNA) and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdISNA) and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Christine Hartmann
- Department of Bone and Skeletal Research, Medical Faculty, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna (MUV), Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Erwin F Wagner
- Laboratory Genes and Disease, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna (MUV), Vienna, 1090, Austria.
- Laboratory Genes and Disease, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna (MUV), Vienna, 1090, Austria.
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23
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Quantin P, Patatian A, Floreani M, Egles C, Benech P, Ficheux H. Temporal transcriptomic analysis of human primary keratinocytes exposed to β-naphthoflavone highlights the protective efficacy of skin to environmental pollutants. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104822. [PMID: 32151702 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The skin covers almost the entire body and plays an important role in detoxification and elimination of xenobiotics. These processes are initiated following the binding of xenobiotics to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which leads to the expression of several detoxification enzymes. To gain some insights on their impacts on skin cells over time, a temporal transcriptional analysis using gene expression arrays was performed in human primary epidermal keratinocyte (HEK) cells exposed for 6, 24 and 48 h to β-naphthoflavone (βNF), a potent agonist of AhR. Our results demonstrated that expression of genes related to xenobiotic, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling was increased upon βNF treatment from 6 h onwards. In contrast, the anti-oxidative response was seen mainly starting at 24 h. While some of the genes controlled by the epidermal differentiation complex was induced as soon as 6 h, expression of most of the S100 related genes located within the same chromosomal locus and keratin genes was increased at later times (24 and 48 h). Altogether our transcriptomic data highlight that following βNF exposure, HEK cells elicited a protective xenobiotic response together with the activation of inflammation and keratinocyte regeneration. Later on these processes were followed by the stimulation of anti-oxidant activity and terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Quantin
- THOR Personal Care, Departement de Toxicologie, Compiègne, France; Alliance Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR 7338 UTC-CNRS, BioMécanique et BioIngénierie, France
| | | | - Maxime Floreani
- THOR Personal Care, Departement de Toxicologie, Compiègne, France
| | - Christophe Egles
- Alliance Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR 7338 UTC-CNRS, BioMécanique et BioIngénierie, France.
| | - Philippe Benech
- Genex, France; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Ficheux
- THOR Personal Care, Departement de Toxicologie, Compiègne, France
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24
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Kamata Y, Tominaga M, Umehara Y, Honda K, Kamo A, Moniaga CS, Komiya E, Toyama S, Suga Y, Ogawa H, Takamori K. Calcium-Inducible MAPK/AP-1 Signaling Drives Semaphorin 3A Expression in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1346-1354.e5. [PMID: 31945349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes are primarily involved in the expression of semaphorin (Sema) 3A, which is involved in the regulation of cutaneous innervation. However, the mechanisms underlying the intracellular signaling of Sema3A expression in keratinocytes remain unknown. We herein investigated the signaling mechanisms for the induction of Sema3A expression in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Sema3A expression is transiently increased in calcium-stimulated NHEKs, whereas it is markedly decreased in terminally differentiated NHEKs. Sema3A mRNA is mainly localized in the stratum basale and stratum suprabasale of the epidermis. We cloned the 5'-flanking region of the Sema3A gene and identified a critical region for Sema3A promoter activity within -134 base pairs of the start codon. We found transcription factor binding sites, including that for activator protein (AP)-1, in this region. Sema3A expression was increased by the co-overexpression of JunB and Fra-2 in the presence of 0.1 or 1.4 mM calcium. The calcium-mediated transient upregulation of Sema3A expression was significantly suppressed by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) 1/2 or AP-1 inhibitors. These results demonstrate that the calcium-mediated transient upregulation of Sema3A in NHEKs is involved in the MEK/ERK and AP-1 signaling axis. Therefore, Sema3A mRNA may be expressed in the lower epidermis under controlled conditions by calcium via the MAPK-AP-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Kamata
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Tominaga
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshie Umehara
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Honda
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kamo
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Faculty of Healthcare and Nursing, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Takasu, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Catharina Sagita Moniaga
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eriko Komiya
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sumika Toyama
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Suga
- Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Anti-Aging Skin Research Laboratory, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba, Japan.
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25
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Borek I, Köffel R, Feichtinger J, Spies M, Glitzner-Zeis E, Hochgerner M, Sconocchia T, Krump C, Tam-Amersdorfer C, Passegger C, Benezeder T, Tittes J, Redl A, Painsi C, Thallinger GG, Wolf P, Stary G, Sibilia M, Strobl H. BMP7 aberrantly induced in the psoriatic epidermis instructs inflammation-associated Langerhans cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 145:1194-1207.e11. [PMID: 31870764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal hyperplasia represents a morphologic hallmark of psoriatic skin lesions. Langerhans cells (LCs) in the psoriatic epidermis engage with keratinocytes (KCs) in tight physical interactions; moreover, they induce T-cell-mediated immune responses critical to psoriasis. OBJECTIVE This study sought to improve the understanding of epidermal factors in psoriasis pathogenesis. METHODS BMP7-LCs versus TGF-β1-LCs were phenotypically characterized and their functional properties were analyzed using flow cytometry, cell kinetic studies, co-culture with CD4 T cells, and cytokine measurements. Furthermore, immunohistology of healthy and psoriatic skin was performed. Additionally, in vivo experiments with Junf/fJunBf/fK5cre-ERT mice were carried out to assess the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in psoriatic skin inflammation. RESULTS This study identified a KC-derived signal (ie, BMP signaling) to promote epidermal changes in psoriasis. Whereas BMP7 is strictly confined to the basal KC layer in the healthy skin, it is expressed at high levels throughout the lesional psoriatic epidermis. BMP7 instructs precursor cells to differentiate into LCs that phenotypically resemble psoriatic LCs. These BMP7-LCs exhibit proliferative activity and increased sensitivity to bacterial stimulation. Moreover, aberrant high BMP signaling in the lesional epidermis is mediated by a KC intrinsic mechanism, as suggested from murine data and clinical outcome after topical antipsoriatic treatment in human patients. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that available TGF-β family members within the lesional psoriatic epidermis preferentially signal through the canonical BMP signaling cascade to instruct inflammatory-type LCs and to promote psoriatic epidermal changes. Targeting BMP signaling might allow to therapeutically interfere with cutaneous psoriatic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Borek
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - René Köffel
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julia Feichtinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Spies
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Glitzner-Zeis
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Hochgerner
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tommaso Sconocchia
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Corinna Krump
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carmen Tam-Amersdorfer
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Passegger
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Theresa Benezeder
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Tittes
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Redl
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Painsi
- Department of Dermatology, State Hospital Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Gerhard G Thallinger
- Institute of Computational Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Stary
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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26
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Splicing and Chromatin Factors Jointly Regulate Epidermal Differentiation. Cell Rep 2019; 25:1292-1303.e5. [PMID: 30380419 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal homeostasis requires balanced progenitor cell proliferation and loss of differentiated cells from the epidermal surface. During this process, cells undergo major changes in their transcriptional programs to accommodate new cellular functions. We found that transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms underlying these changes jointly control genes involved in cell adhesion, a key process in epidermal maintenance. Using siRNA-based perturbation screens, we identified DNA and/or RNA binding regulators of epidermal differentiation. Computational modeling and experimental validation identified functional interactions between the matrin-type 2 zinc-finger protein ZMAT2 and the epigenetic modifiers ING5, SMARCA5, BRD1, UHRF1, BPTF, and SMARCC2. ZMAT2 is an interactor of the pre-spliceosome that is required to keep cells in an undifferentiated, proliferative state. RNA immunoprecipitation and transcriptome-wide RNA splicing analysis showed that ZMAT2 associates with and regulates transcripts involved in cell adhesion in conjunction with ING5. Thus, joint control by splicing regulation, histone, and DNA modification is important to maintain epidermal cells in an undifferentiated state.
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27
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Ye F, Zeng Q, Dan G, Dong X, Chen M, Sai Y, Lin H, Zou Z. Nitrogen mustard prevents transport of Fra-1 into the nucleus to promote c-Fos- and FosB-dependent IL-8 induction in injured mouse epidermis. Toxicol Lett 2019; 319:256-263. [PMID: 31639410 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor activator protein (AP)-1 can be activated in nitrogen-mustard-injured mouse skin, and is thought to participate in the inflammatory response. AP-1 consists of homo- or heterodimers of Fos [c-Fos, Fos-B, fos-related antigen (Fra)-1 and Fra-2] and Jun (c-Jun, JunB and JunD) family members, and information about their expression, location and function are still unclear. In nitrogen-mustard-exposed mouse skin, we found p-ERK activation increased Fra-1 and FosB. Unlike the nucleus location of c-Fos and FosB, Fra-1 and Fra-2 were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. In nitrogen-mustard-exposed cultured immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), Fra-1 in the nucleus functioned as an inhibitor of inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-8. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that Fra-1 formed dimers with IL-8 transcription factors c-Jun, JunB and JunD. Fra-1 depletion increased c-Fos and FosB in the nucleus, accompanied by increased heterodimers of c-Fos/c-Jun, c-Fos/JunB, c-Fos/JunD, and FosB/JunB. In conclusion, Fra-1 trapped in the cytoplasm after nitrogen mustard exposure might be a driving force for IL-8 over-expression in injured skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ye
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qinya Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Guorong Dan
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xunhu Dong
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Sai
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhongmin Zou
- Department of Chemical Defense, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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28
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Devitt K, Hanson SJ, Tuong ZK, McMeniman E, Soyer HP, Frazer IH, Lukowski SW. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cell type-specific HPV expression in hyperplastic skin lesions. Virology 2019; 537:14-19. [PMID: 31425970 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus infection is highly prevalent worldwide. While most types of HPV cause benign warts, some high-risk types are known to cause cervical cancer, as well as cancer of the oral cavity and head and neck. Persistent cutaneous HPV infection can be particularly problematic in patients with chronic immunosuppression, for example following organ transplantation. Due to unknown mechanisms, these patients may develop numerous warts, as well as present with a dramatically increased skin cancer prevalence. Despite an association between HPV persistence in the epidermis and excessive wart or squamous cancer development, the molecular mechanisms linking immunosuppression, HPV expression and excessive epidermal proliferation have not been determined, largely due to low-sensitivity methodology to capture rare viral transcription events. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to profile HPV-positive skin lesions from an immunosuppressed patient that were found to express the alphapapillomavirus HPV78 in basal keratinocytes, suprabasal keratinocytes and hair follicle stem cells. This method can be applied to detect and investigate HPV transcripts in cutaneous lesions, allowing mechanistic links between immunosuppression-induced HPV life cycle and epidermal hyperproliferation to be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Devitt
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Sarah J Hanson
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Zewen K Tuong
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Erin McMeniman
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; Department of Dermatology, The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - H Peter Soyer
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; Department of Dermatology, The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Ian H Frazer
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| | - Samuel W Lukowski
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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29
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Rogerson C, O'Shaughnessy RFL. Protein kinases involved in epidermal barrier formation: The AKT family and other animals. Exp Dermatol 2019; 27:892-900. [PMID: 29845670 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Formation of a stratified epidermis is required for the performance of the essential functions of the skin; to act as an outside-in barrier against the access of microorganisms and other external factors, to prevent loss of water and solutes via inside-out barrier functions and to withstand mechanical stresses. Epidermal barrier function is initiated during embryonic development and is then maintained throughout life and restored after injury. A variety of interrelated processes are required for the formation of a stratified epidermis, and how these processes are both temporally and spatially regulated has long been an aspect of dermatological research. In this review, we describe the roles of multiple protein kinases in the regulation of processes required for epidermal barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Rogerson
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ryan F L O'Shaughnessy
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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30
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Freire PP, Fernandez GJ, Cury SS, de Moraes D, Oliveira JS, de Oliveira G, Dal-Pai-Silva M, Dos Reis PP, Carvalho RF. The Pathway to Cancer Cachexia: MicroRNA-Regulated Networks in Muscle Wasting Based on Integrative Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1962. [PMID: 31013615 PMCID: PMC6515458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome that leads to significant weight loss. Cachexia affects 50%-80% of cancer patients, depending on the tumor type, and is associated with 20%-40% of cancer patient deaths. Besides the efforts to identify molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy-a key feature in cancer cachexia-no effective therapy for the syndrome is currently available. MicroRNAs are regulators of gene expression, with therapeutic potential in several muscle wasting disorders. We performed a meta-analysis of previously published gene expression data to reveal new potential microRNA-mRNA networks associated with muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. We retrieved 52 differentially expressed genes in nine studies of muscle tissue from patients and rodent models of cancer cachexia. Next, we predicted microRNAs targeting these differentially expressed genes. We also include global microRNA expression data surveyed in atrophying skeletal muscles from previous studies as background information. We identified deregulated genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, muscle hypertrophy, catabolism, and acute phase response. We further predicted new microRNA-mRNA interactions, such as miR-27a/Foxo1, miR-27a/Mef2c, miR-27b/Cxcl12, miR-27b/Mef2c, miR-140/Cxcl12, miR-199a/Cav1, and miR-199a/Junb, which may contribute to muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. Finally, we found drugs targeting MSTN, CXCL12, and CAMK2B, which may be considered for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer cachexia. Our study has broadened the knowledge of microRNA-regulated networks that are likely associated with muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia, pointing to their involvement as potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Paccielli Freire
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Geysson Javier Fernandez
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Santiloni Cury
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Diogo de Moraes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Jakeline Santos Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Grasieli de Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Pintor Dos Reis
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-687, Brazil.
- Experimental Research Unity, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-687, Brazil.
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-619, Brazil.
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31
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Wu JH, Narayanan D, Simonette RA, Rady PL, Tyring SK. Human polyomavirus 7 (
HP
yV7)‐associated dermatoses: novel molecular mechanism driven by viral activation of 4E‐
BP
1 and
MEK
‐
ERK
‐
cJ
un. Int J Dermatol 2018; 58:383-387. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie H. Wu
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
- Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA
| | - Deepika Narayanan
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
- Rice University Houston TX USA
| | | | - Peter L. Rady
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
| | - Stephen K. Tyring
- Department of Dermatology University of Texas Medical School Houston TX USA
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32
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Choi SY, Kim MJ, Ahn GR, Park KY, Lee MK, Seo SJ. The Effect of Adiponectin on the Regulation of Filaggrin Expression in Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30:645-652. [PMID: 33911503 PMCID: PMC7992449 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.6.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adiponectin, an adipokine secreted from adipocytes, affects energy metabolism and also shows anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies have reported that adiponectin plays a role in regulating skin inflammation. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of adiponectin on the expression of filaggrin (FLG) in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Methods NHEKs were serum-starved for 6h before being treated with adiponectin. Afterward, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. We also treated with calcium, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-13 to provide positive and negative comparative controls, respectively. Gene mRNA expression was quantified using real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression was evaluated using Western blot. To evaluate the relationship among mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), activator protein 1 (AP-1), and FLG, we also treated cells with inhibitors for MAPKs JNK, p38, and ERK1/2. Results FLG and FLG-2 mRNA expression in NHEKs significantly increased after treatment with 10 µg/ml adiponectin. Adiponectin also restored FLG and FLG-2 mRNA expression that was otherwise inhibited by treatment with IL-4 and IL-13. Adiponectin induced FLG expression via AP-1 and MAPK signaling. Conclusion Adiponectin positively regulated the expression of FLG and could be useful as a therapeutic agent to control diseases related to disrupted skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Ram Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Jun Seo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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33
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Pattison JM, Melo SP, Piekos SN, Torkelson JL, Bashkirova E, Mumbach MR, Rajasingh C, Zhen HH, Li L, Liaw E, Alber D, Rubin AJ, Shankar G, Bao X, Chang HY, Khavari PA, Oro AE. Retinoic acid and BMP4 cooperate with p63 to alter chromatin dynamics during surface epithelial commitment. Nat Genet 2018; 50:1658-1665. [PMID: 30397335 PMCID: PMC6265075 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation promises advances in regenerative medicine1–3, yet conversion into transplantable tissues remains poorly understood. Using our keratinocyte differentiation system, we employ a multi-dimensional genomics approach to interrogate the contributions of inductive morphogens retinoic acid (RA) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and the epidermal master regulator p634,5 during surface ectoderm commitment. In contrast to other master regulators6–9, p63 effects major transcriptional changes only after morphogens alter chromatin accessibility, establishing an epigenetic landscape for p63 to modify. p63 distally closes chromatin accessibility and promotes accumulation of H3K27me3 modifications. Cohesin HiChIP10 visualizations of chromosome conformation reveal that p63 and the morphogens contribute to dynamic long-range chromatin interactions, as illustrated with TFAP2C regulation11. Our study demonstrates the unexpected dependency of p63 on morphogenetic signaling and provides novel insights into how a master regulator can specify diverse transcriptional programs based on the chromatin landscape induced by specific morphogen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Pattison
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandra P Melo
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Samantha N Piekos
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jessica L Torkelson
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elizaveta Bashkirova
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maxwell R Mumbach
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charlotte Rajasingh
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hanson Hui Zhen
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lingjie Li
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric Liaw
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Alber
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam J Rubin
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gautam Shankar
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaomin Bao
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Departments of Molecular Sciences and Dermatology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paul A Khavari
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anthony E Oro
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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34
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T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma 1A is essential for mouse epidermal keratinocytes proliferation promoted by insulin-like growth factor 1. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204775. [PMID: 30286151 PMCID: PMC6171881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma 1A is expressed during B-cell differentiation and, when over-expressed, acts as an oncogene in mouse (Tcl1a) and human (TCL1A) B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). Furthermore, in the murine system Tcl1a is expressed in the ovary, testis and in pre-implantation embryos, where it plays an important role in blastomere proliferation and in embryonic stem cell (ESC) proliferation and self-renewal. We have also observed that Tcl1-/- adult mice exhibit alopecia and deep ulcerations. This finding has led us to investigate the role of TCL1 in mouse skin and hair follicles. We have found that TCL1 is expressed in the proliferative structure (i.e. the secondary hair germ) and in the stem cell niche (i.e. the bulge) of the hair follicle during regeneration phase and it is constitutively expressed in the basal layer of epidermis where it is required for the correct proliferative–differentiation program of the keratinocytes (KCs). Taking advantage of the murine models we have generated, including the Tcl1-/- and the K14-TCL1 transgenic mouse, we have analysed the function of TCL1 in mouse KCs and the molecular pathways involved. We provide evidence that in the epidermal compartment TCL1 has a role in the regulation of KC proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In particular, the colony-forming efficiency (CFE) and the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)-induced proliferation are dramatically impaired, while apoptosis is increased, in KCs from Tcl1-/- mice when compared to WT. Moreover, the expression of differentiation markers such as cytokeratin 6 (KRT6), filaggrin (FLG) and involucrin (IVL) are profoundly altered in mutant mice (Tcl1-/-). Importantly, by over-expressing TCL1A in basal KCs of the K14-TCL1 transgenic mouse model, we observed a significant rescue of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of the mutant phenotype. Finally, we found TCL1 to act, at least in part, via increasing phospho-ERK1/2 and decreasing phospho-P38 MAPK. Hence, our data demonstrate that regulated levels of Tcl1a are necessary for the correct proliferation and differentiation of the interfollicular KCs.
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35
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Kim IW, Jeong HS, Kwon NS, Baek KJ, Yun HY, Kim DS. LGI3 promotes human keratinocyte differentiation via the Akt pathway. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1224-1229. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- In Wook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyo-Soon Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Nyoun Soo Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Kwang Jin Baek
- Department of Biochemistry; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hye-Young Yun
- Department of Biochemistry; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Kim
- Department of Biochemistry; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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36
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Singh K, Camera E, Krug L, Basu A, Pandey RK, Munir S, Wlaschek M, Kochanek S, Schorpp-Kistner M, Picardo M, Angel P, Niemann C, Maity P, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. JunB defines functional and structural integrity of the epidermo-pilosebaceous unit in the skin. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3425. [PMID: 30143626 PMCID: PMC6109099 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors ensure skin homeostasis via tight regulation of distinct resident stem cells. Here we report that JunB, a member of the AP-1 transcription factor family, regulates epidermal stem cells and sebaceous glands through balancing proliferation and differentiation of progenitors and by suppressing lineage infidelity. JunB deficiency in basal progenitors results in a dermatitis-like syndrome resembling seborrheic dermatitis harboring structurally and functionally impaired sebaceous glands with a globally altered lipid profile. A fate switch occurs in a subset of JunB deficient epidermal progenitors during wound healing resulting in de novo formation of sebaceous glands. Dysregulated Notch signaling is identified to be causal for this phenotype. In fact, pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling can efficiently restore the lineage drift, impaired epidermal differentiation and disrupted barrier function in JunB conditional knockout mice. These findings define an unprecedented role for JunB in epidermal-pilosebaceous stem cell homeostasis and its pathology. Epidermal homeostasis is maintained by the activity of stem cells. Here, the authors show that deficiency of the transcription factor JunB leads to altered Notch signaling in stem cells, resulting in a cell fate switch and de novo formation of aberrant sebaceous glands, altered epidermal differentiation and impaired barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmveer Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany.,Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Emanuela Camera
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Linda Krug
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany.,Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Abhijit Basu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Rajeev Kumar Pandey
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Saira Munir
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Meinhard Wlaschek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany.,Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Stefan Kochanek
- Department of Gene Therapy, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Marina Schorpp-Kistner
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Peter Angel
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Catherin Niemann
- Institute for Biochemistry II, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Pallab Maity
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany. .,Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, 89081, Germany.
| | - Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, 89081, Germany. .,Aging Research Center (ARC), Ulm, 89081, Germany.
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37
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Kudryavtseva A, Krasnov G, Lipatova A, Alekseev B, Maganova F, Shaposhnikov M, Fedorova M, Snezhkina A, Moskalev A. Effects of Abies sibirica terpenes on cancer- and aging-associated pathways in human cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83744-83754. [PMID: 27888805 PMCID: PMC5347801 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of terpenoids exhibit potential geroprotector and anti-cancer properties. Here, we studied whole transcriptomic effects of Abisil, the extract of fir (Abies sibirica) terpenes, on normal and cancer cell lines. We used early passaged and senescent none-immortalized fibroblasts as cellular aging models. It was revealed that in normal fibroblasts, terpenes induced genes of stress response, apoptosis regulation and tissue regeneration. The restoration of the expression level of some prolongevity genes after fir extract treatment was shown in old cells. In Caco-2 and AsPC-1 cancer cell lines, Abisil induced expression of both onco-suppressors (members of GADD45, DUSP, and DDIT gene families), and proto-oncogenes (c-Myc, c-Jun, EGR and others). Thus, the study demonstrates the potential anti-aging and anti-cancer effects of Abisil on senescent and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125284, Russia
| | - George Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Lipatova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boris Alekseev
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125284, Russia
| | | | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of RAS, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Snezhkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of RAS, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
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38
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Abdou AG, Marae AH, Shoeib M, Dawood G, Abouelfath E. C-Jun expression in lichen planus, psoriasis, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, an immunohistochemical study. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2018; 39:58-69. [PMID: 29144206 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2017.1395347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The AP-1 transcription factor complex is a key player in regulating inflammatory processes, cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell transformation. The aim of the present study is to investigate C-Jun (one of AP-1complex) expression and its proliferative role in skin samples of lichen planus, psoriasis as common inflammatory skin diseases and squamous cell carcinoma using immunohistochemical method. The present study was carried out on skin biopsies of 15 psoriatic patients, 15 lichen planus patients, 15 SCC, and 15 normal skin biopsies. Nuclear expression of C-Jun was detected in basal and few suprabasal layers of epidermis of normal skin. C-Jun was expressed in the whole epidermal layers of both psoriasis (14/15) and lichen planus (15/15) in addition to its expression in lymphocytic infiltrate in the latter in about half of cases (8/15). C-Jun was also expressed in 93.3% (14/15) of SCC in a percentage lower than that of psoriasis, lichen planus, and normal skin. The percentage of C-Jun expression in SCC was significantly associated with an early stage (p = 0.000), free surgical margins (p = 0.022), and small tumour size (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The marked reduction of C-Jun in SCC in comparison to normal skin and inflammatory skin dermatoses may refer to its tumour suppressor activity. C-Jun expression in SCC carries favourable prognosis. Absence of significant association between C-Jun and Ki-67 either in SCC or inflammatory skin diseases indicates that it does not affect proliferative capacity of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Gaber Abdou
- a Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Menoufia University , Shibin Elkom , Egypt
| | - Alaa Hassan Marae
- b Dermatology Departments, Faculty of Medicine , Menoufia University , Shibin Elkom , Egypt
| | - Mohammed Shoeib
- b Dermatology Departments, Faculty of Medicine , Menoufia University , Shibin Elkom , Egypt
| | - Ghada Dawood
- c Dermatology Departments , Shibin Elkom Teaching Hospital , Shibin Elkom , Egypt
| | - Enas Abouelfath
- c Dermatology Departments , Shibin Elkom Teaching Hospital , Shibin Elkom , Egypt
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Bajpai A, Ishii T, Miyauchi K, Gupta V, Nishio-Masaike Y, Shimizu-Yoshida Y, Kubo M, Kitano H. Insights into gene expression profiles induced by Socs3 depletion in keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15830. [PMID: 29158586 PMCID: PMC5696538 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific deletion of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3) in keratinocytes can cause severe skin inflammation with infiltration of immune cells. The molecular mechanisms and key regulatory pathways involved in these processes remain elusive. To investigate the role of Socs3 in keratinocytes, we generated and analyzed global RNA-Seq profiles from Socs3 conditional knockout (cKO) mice of two different ages (2 and 10 weeks). Over 400 genes were significantly regulated at both time points. Samples from 2-week-old mice exhibited down-regulation of genes involved in keratin-related functions and up-regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism. At week 10, multiple chemokine and cytokine genes were up-regulated. Functional annotation revealed that the genes differentially expressed in the 2-week-old mice play roles in keratinization, keratinocyte differentiation, and epidermal cell differentiation. By contrast, differentially expressed genes in the 10-week-old animals are involved in acute immune-related functions. A group of activator protein-1-related genes were highly up-regulated in Socs3 cKO mice of both ages. This observation was validated using qRT-PCR by SOCS3-depleted human keratinocyte-derived HaCaT cells. Our results suggest that, in addition to participating in immune-mediated pathways, SOCS3 also plays important roles in skin barrier homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Bajpai
- RIKEN-IMS, Laboratory for Disease Systems Modeling, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Takashi Ishii
- RIKEN-IMS, Laboratory for Disease Systems Modeling, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kosuke Miyauchi
- RIKEN-IMS, Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Vipul Gupta
- RIKEN-IMS, Laboratory for Disease Systems Modeling, Yokohama, Japan
- The Systems Biology Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Shimizu-Yoshida
- RIKEN-IMS, Laboratory for Disease Systems Modeling, Yokohama, Japan
- Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- RIKEN-IMS, Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Yokohama, Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kitano
- RIKEN-IMS, Laboratory for Disease Systems Modeling, Yokohama, Japan.
- The Systems Biology Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
- Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan.
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40
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Zeitvogel J, Jokmin N, Rieker S, Klug I, Brandenberger C, Werfel T. GATA3 regulates FLG and FLG2 expression in human primary keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11847. [PMID: 28928464 PMCID: PMC5605628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GATA3 is a transcription factor with an important role in atopic diseases because of its role in the differentiation of Th2 lymphocytes. Moreover, GATA3 is expressed in keratinocytes and has a role in keratinocyte differentiation and the establishment of the epidermal barrier. In this study, we investigated the role of GATA3 in keratinocytes in the context of epidermal barrier integrity under inflammatory skin conditions. When analysing skin samples from atopic dermatitis and psoriasis patients or healthy controls, we detected decreased expression of GATA3 in the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis patients when compared to healthy controls. Our cell cultures experiments revealed that a downregulation in GATA3 by shRNA leads to a significant reduction of filaggrin mRNA under atopic dermatitis-like conditions in keratinocytes. Overexpression of GATA3 in keratinocytes reversed this effect and significantly upregulated filaggrin and, furthermore, filaggrin-2 mRNA expression. Our results demonstrate that GATA3 is involved in the regulation of filaggrin and filaggrin-2 expression during inflammatory conditions in the skin. Thus, GATA3 may be of special importance for the establishment and maintenance of an intact epidermal barrier, especially in atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Zeitvogel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department for Dermatology, Allergy and Venereology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Neele Jokmin
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department for Dermatology, Allergy and Venereology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Samira Rieker
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department for Dermatology, Allergy and Venereology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ilona Klug
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department for Dermatology, Allergy and Venereology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department for Dermatology, Allergy and Venereology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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41
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Loss of epidermal AP1 transcription factor function reduces filaggrin level, alters chemokine expression and produces an ichthyosis-related phenotype. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2840. [PMID: 28569792 PMCID: PMC5520897 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AP1 transcription factors are important controllers of epidermal differentiation. Multiple family members are expressed in the epidermis in a differentiation-dependent manner, where they function to regulate gene expression. To study the role of AP1 factor signaling, TAM67 (dominant-negative c-jun) was inducibly expressed in the suprabasal epidermis. The TAM67-positive epidermis displays keratinocyte hyperproliferation, hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, delayed differentiation, extensive subdermal vasodilation, nuclear loricrin localization, tail and digit pseudoainhum and reduced filaggrin level. These changes are associated with increased levels of IFNγ, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 (Th1-associated chemokines), and CCL1, CCL2, CCL5 and CCL11 (Th2-associated chemokines) in the epidermis and serum. S100A8 and S100A9 protein levels are also markedly elevated. These changes in epidermal chemokine level are associated with increased levels of the corresponding chemokine mRNA. The largest increases were observed for CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and S100A8 and S100A9. To assess the role of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, which bind to CXCR3, on phenotype development, we expressed TAM67 in CXCR3 knockout mice. Using a similar strategy, we examine the role of S100A8 and S100A9. Surprisingly, loss of CXCR3 or S100A8/A9 did not attenuate phenotype development. These studies suggest that interfering with epidermal AP1 factor signaling initiates a loss of barrier function leading to enhanced epidermal chemokine production, but that CXCR3 and S100A8/A9 do not mediate the phenotypic response.
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Hochfeld LM, Anhalt T, Reinbold CS, Herrera-Rivero M, Fricker N, Nöthen MM, Heilmann-Heimbach S. Expression profiling and bioinformatic analyses suggest new target genes and pathways for human hair follicle related microRNAs. BMC DERMATOLOGY 2017; 17:3. [PMID: 28228108 PMCID: PMC5322611 DOI: 10.1186/s12895-017-0054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human hair follicle (HF) cycling is characterised by the tight orchestration and regulation of signalling cascades. Research shows that micro(mi)RNAs are potent regulators of these pathways. However, knowledge of the expression of miRNAs and their target genes and pathways in the human HF is limited. The objective of this study was to improve understanding of the role of miRNAs and their regulatory interactions in the human HF. METHODS Expression levels of ten candidate miRNAs with reported functions in hair biology were assessed in HFs from 25 healthy male donors. MiRNA expression levels were correlated with mRNA-expression levels from the same samples. Identified target genes were tested for enrichment in biological pathways and accumulation in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. RESULTS Expression in the human HF was confirmed for seven of the ten candidate miRNAs, and numerous target genes for miR-24, miR-31, and miR-106a were identified. While the latter include several genes with known functions in hair biology (e.g., ITGB1, SOX9), the majority have not been previously implicated (e.g., PHF1). Target genes were enriched in pathways of interest to hair biology, such as integrin and GnRH signalling, and the respective gene products showed accumulation in PPIs. CONCLUSIONS Further investigation of miRNA expression in the human HF, and the identification of novel miRNA target genes and pathways via the systematic integration of miRNA and mRNA expression data, may facilitate the delineation of tissue-specific regulatory interactions, and improve our understanding of both normal hair growth and the pathobiology of hair loss disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Hochfeld
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Anhalt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Céline S Reinbold
- Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marisol Herrera-Rivero
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadine Fricker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany. .,Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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43
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Shandilya J, Gao Y, Nayak TK, Roberts SGE, Medler KF. AP1 transcription factors are required to maintain the peripheral taste system. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2433. [PMID: 27787515 PMCID: PMC5133999 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The sense of taste is used by organisms to achieve the optimal nutritional requirement and avoid potentially toxic compounds. In the oral cavity, taste receptor cells are grouped together in taste buds that are present in specialized taste papillae in the tongue. Taste receptor cells are the cells that detect chemicals in potential food items and transmit that information to gustatory nerves that convey the taste information to the brain. As taste cells are in contact with the external environment, they can be damaged and are routinely replaced throughout an organism's lifetime to maintain functionality. However, this taste cell turnover loses efficiency over time resulting in a reduction in taste ability. Currently, very little is known about the mechanisms that regulate the renewal and maintenance of taste cells. We therefore performed RNA-sequencing analysis on isolated taste cells from 2 and 6-month-old mice to determine how alterations in the taste cell-transcriptome regulate taste cell maintenance and function in adults. We found that the activator protein-1 (AP1) transcription factors (c-Fos, Fosb and c-Jun) and genes associated with this pathway were significantly downregulated in taste cells by 6 months and further declined at 12 months. We generated conditional c-Fos-knockout mice to target K14-expressing cells, including differentiating taste cells. c-Fos deletion caused a severe perturbation in taste bud structure and resulted in a significant reduction in the taste bud size. c-Fos deletion also affected taste cell turnover as evident by a decrease in proliferative marker, and upregulation of the apoptotic marker cleaved-PARP. Thus, AP1 factors are important regulators of adult taste cell renewal and their downregulation negatively impacts taste maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasha Shandilya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Yankun Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Tapan K Nayak
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Stefan G E Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Kathryn F Medler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
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Mapping of Variable DNA Methylation Across Multiple Cell Types Defines a Dynamic Regulatory Landscape of the Human Genome. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:973-86. [PMID: 26888867 PMCID: PMC4825665 DOI: 10.1534/g3.115.025437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification involved in many biological processes and diseases. Many studies have mapped DNA methylation changes associated with embryogenesis, cell differentiation, and cancer at a genome-wide scale. Our understanding of genome-wide DNA methylation changes in a developmental or disease-related context has been steadily growing. However, the investigation of which CpGs are variably methylated in different normal cell or tissue types is still limited. Here, we present an in-depth analysis of 54 single-CpG-resolution DNA methylomes of normal human cell types by integrating high-throughput sequencing-based methylation data. We found that the ratio of methylated to unmethylated CpGs is relatively constant regardless of cell type. However, which CpGs made up the unmethylated complement was cell-type specific. We categorized the 26,000,000 human autosomal CpGs based on their methylation levels across multiple cell types to identify variably methylated CpGs and found that 22.6% exhibited variable DNA methylation. These variably methylated CpGs formed 660,000 variably methylated regions (VMRs), encompassing 11% of the genome. By integrating a multitude of genomic data, we found that VMRs enrich for histone modifications indicative of enhancers, suggesting their role as regulatory elements marking cell type specificity. VMRs enriched for transcription factor binding sites in a tissue-dependent manner. Importantly, they enriched for GWAS variants, suggesting that VMRs could potentially be implicated in disease and complex traits. Taken together, our results highlight the link between CpG methylation variation, genetic variation, and disease risk for many human cell types.
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45
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AKT1-mediated Lamin A/C degradation is required for nuclear degradation and normal epidermal terminal differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:2123-32. [PMID: 26045045 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear degradation is a key stage in keratinocyte terminal differentiation and the formation of the cornified envelope that comprises the majority of epidermal barrier function. Parakeratosis, the retention of nuclear material in the cornified layer of the epidermis, is a common histological observation in many skin diseases, notably in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Keratinocyte nuclear degradation is not well characterised, and it is unclear whether the retained nuclei contribute to the altered epidermal differentiation seen in eczema and psoriasis. Loss of AKT1 function strongly correlated with parakeratosis both in eczema samples and in organotypic culture models. Although levels of DNAses, including DNase1L2, were unchanged, proteomic analysis revealed an increase in Lamin A/C. AKT phosphorylates Lamin A/C, targeting it for degradation. Consistent with this, Lamin A/C degradation was inhibited and Lamin A/C was observed in the cornified layer of AKT1 knockdown organotypic cultures, surrounding retained nuclear material. Using AKT-phosphorylation-dead Lamin A constructs we show that the retention of nuclear material is sufficient to cause profound changes in epidermal terminal differentiation, specifically a reduction in Loricrin, Keratin 1, Keratin 10, and filaggrin expression. We show that preventing nuclear degradation upregulates BMP2 expression and SMAD1 signalling. Consistent with these data, we observe both parakeratosis and evidence of increased SMAD1 signalling in atopic dermatitis. We therefore present a model that, in the absence of AKT1-mediated Lamin A/C degradation, DNA degradation processes, such as those mediated by DNAse 1L2, are prevented, leading to parakeratosis and changes in epidermal differentiation.
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Pal HC, Chamcheu JC, Adhami VM, Wood GS, Elmets CA, Mukhtar H, Afaq F. Topical application of delphinidin reduces psoriasiform lesions in the flaky skin mouse model by inducing epidermal differentiation and inhibiting inflammation. Br J Dermatol 2014; 172:354-64. [PMID: 25533330 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and aberrant keratinocyte differentiation. We have shown that treatment of reconstituted human skin with delphinidin, an anthocyanidin, present in pigmented fruits and vegetables, increased the expression and processing of caspase-14, which is involved in cornification. Delphinidin also increases the expression of epidermal differentiation marker proteins. OBJECTIVES To determine whether topical application of delphinidin can modulate pathological markers of psoriasiform lesions in flaky skin mice and if this is associated with increased epidermal differentiation and a reduction in proliferation and inflammation. METHODS Five-week-old female homozygous flaky skin mice (fsn/fsn) were treated topically with delphinidin (0·5 mg cm(-2) and 1 mg cm(-2) skin areas, respectively), five times a week, up to 14 weeks of age. RESULTS Treatment of flaky skin mice with delphinidin resulted in a reduction in (i) pathological markers of psoriasiform lesions; (ii) infiltration of inflammatory cells; and (iii) mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory cytokines. Delphinidin treatment also increased the expression and processing of caspase-14, and expression of filaggrin, loricrin, keratin-1 and keratin-10. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the expression of markers for cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen and keratin-14) and modulation of tight junction proteins (occludin and claudin-1). In addition, delphinidin treatment increased the expression of activator protein-1 transcription factor proteins (JunB, JunD, Fra1 and Fra2). CONCLUSIONS Delphinidin could be a promising agent for treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Pal
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, 35294, AL, U.S.A
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47
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Transcriptional regulation of genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation by human papillomavirus 16 oncoproteins. Arch Virol 2014; 160:389-98. [PMID: 25488293 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2305-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The life cycle of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is strictly linked to the differentiation of their natural host cells. The HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins can delay the normal differentiation program of keratinocytes; however, the exact mechanisms responsible for this have not yet been identified. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of HPV16 oncoproteins on the expression of genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation. Primary human keratinocytes transduced by LXSN (control) retroviruses or virus vectors expressing HPV16 E6, E7 or E6/E7 genes were subjected to gene expression profiling. The results of microarray analysis showed that HPV 16 E6 and E7 have the capacity to downregulate the expression of several genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays were performed to confirm the microarray data. To investigate the effects of the HPV oncoproteins on the promoters of selected keratinocyte differentiation genes, luciferase reporter assays were performed. Our results suggest that the HPV 16 E6 and/or E7 oncogenes are able to downregulate the expression of several genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation (such as desmocollin 1, keratin 4, S100 calcium-binding protein A8 and small proline-rich protein 1A), at least partially by downregulating their promoter activity. This activity of the HPV oncoproteins may have a role in the productive virus life cycle, and also in virus-induced carcinogenesis.
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48
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Luo A, Yu X, Li G, Ma G, Chen H, Ding F, Li Y, Liu Z. Differentiation-associated genes regulated by c-Jun and decreased in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96610. [PMID: 24796531 PMCID: PMC4010476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor c-Jun plays a key role in controlling epithelium cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. However, molecular mechanism and biological functions of c-Jun in squamous differentiation and the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain elusive. In this study, we found that c-Jun bound directly to the promoter region, and activated the transcription of differentiation-associated genes including cystatin A, involucrin and SPRR3 in vivo. Ectopic expression of c-Jun enhanced SPRR3 transactivation in KYSE450 cells. Conversely, TAM67, a dominant negative mutant of c-Jun, inhibited SPRR3 transactivation. c-Jun increased expression of SPPR3 mainly via a PKC/JNK pathway in response to TPA in KYSE450 cells. Furthermore, c-Jun was remarkably reduced in esophageal cancer. Interestingly, cystatin A, involucrin and SPRR3 were significantly downregulated as well, and associated with differentiation grade. Expression of c-Jun was correlated with the expression of these genes in normal epithelium and ESCC. Importantly, the expression of these genes was remarkably decreased during the malignant transformation from normal epithelium to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN). The expression of cystatin A and involucrin was significantly reduced from LGIN to HGIN. These results suggest c-Jun was involved in the regulation of differentiation-associated genes in ESCC. These genes might serve as the potential markers in distinguishing normal epithelium from esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Luo
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Chemical Biology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guichang Li
- Department of Media and Biology Control, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Ma
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ding
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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PTEN ablation in RasHa/Fos skin carcinogenesis invokes p53-dependent p21 to delay conversion while p53-independent p21 limits progression via cyclin D1/E2 inhibition. Oncogene 2013; 33:4132-43. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Swindell WR, Johnston A, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT, Gudjonsson JE. Dissecting the psoriasis transcriptome: inflammatory- and cytokine-driven gene expression in lesions from 163 patients. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:527. [PMID: 23915137 PMCID: PMC3751090 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis lesions are characterized by large-scale shifts in gene expression. Mechanisms that underlie differentially expressed genes (DEGs), however, are not completely understood. We analyzed existing datasets to evaluate genome-wide expression in lesions from 163 psoriasis patients. Our aims were to identify mechanisms that drive differential expression and to characterize heterogeneity among lesions in this large sample. RESULTS We identified 1233 psoriasis-increased DEGs and 977 psoriasis-decreased DEGs. Increased DEGs were attributed to keratinocyte activity (56%) and infiltration of lesions by T-cells (14%) and macrophages (11%). Decreased DEGs, in contrast, were associated with adipose tissue (63%), epidermis (14%) and dermis (4%). KC/epidermis DEGs were enriched for genes induced by IL-1, IL-17A and IL-20 family cytokines, and were also disproportionately associated with AP-1 binding sites. Among all patients, 50% exhibited a heightened inflammatory signature, with increased expression of genes expressed by T-cells, monocytes and dendritic cells. 66% of patients displayed an IFN-γ-strong signature, with increased expression of genes induced by IFN-γ in addition to several other cytokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-17A and TNF). We show that such differences in gene expression can be used to differentiate between etanercept responders and non-responders. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis DEGs are partly explained by shifts in the cellular composition of psoriasis lesions. Epidermal DEGs, however, may be driven by the activity of AP-1 and cellular responses to IL-1, IL-17A and IL-20 family cytokines. Among patients, we uncovered a range of inflammatory- and cytokine-associated gene expression patterns. Such patterns may provide biomarkers for predicting individual responses to biologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Swindell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
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