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Tapia M, Levay K, Tsoulfas P, Park KK. Retrograde AAV-mediated gene modulation reveals chloride intracellular channel proteins as potent regulators of retinal ganglion cell death. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114810. [PMID: 38714284 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Most projection neurons, including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), undergo cell death after axotomy proximal to the cell body. Specific RGC subtypes, such as ON-OFF direction selective RGCs (ooDSGCs) are particularly vulnerable, whereas intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) exhibit resilience to axonal injury. Through the application of RNA sequencing and fluorescent in situ hybridization, we show that the expression of chloride intracellular channel protein 1 and 4 (Clic1 and Clic4) are highly increased in the ooDSGCs after axonal injury. Toward determining a gene's role in RGCs, we optimized the utility and efficacy of adenovirus associated virus (AAV)-retro expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Injection of AAV2-retro into the superior colliculus results in efficient shRNA expression in RGCs. Incorporating histone H2B gene fused with mGreenLantern results in bright nuclear reporter expression, thereby enhancing single RGC identification and cell quantitation in live retinas. Lastly, we demonstrate that AAV2-retro mediated knockdown of both Clic1 and Clic4 promotes RGC survival after injury. Our findings establish an integrated use of AAV2-retro-shRNA and real-time fundus imaging and reveal CLICs' contribution to RGC death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Tapia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, The University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America
| | - Konstantin Levay
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, The University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America
| | - Pantelis Tsoulfas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, The University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, United States of America
| | - Kevin K Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5901 Forest Park Rd, Dallas, TX 75235, United States of America.
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2
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Shang X, Peng Y, Wang Y, Feng Z, Li M, Peng Z, Ren W. Profile analysis of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) on mRNA of human lung adenocarcinoma and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130498. [PMID: 37890598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA modification, a major component of post-transcriptional modification, plays an essential role in tumor initiation and progression. N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) present in different species as a highly conserved RNA modification. ac4C on mRNA increases the stability of mRNA and the efficiency of protein translation. However, the mRNA profiling of ac4C in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unknown. METHODS NAT10 expression was tested using immunohistochemistry in tissue microarray (TMA). The ac4C peaks on mRNA were identified through acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing in both human LUAD tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues, and differences of acetylation and mRNA between the two groups were analyzed. Furthermore, the function of AC4C-specific acetylated transcripts was analyzed bioinformatically. And a ac-RIP-PCR was used to verify the ac4C acetylation sites of TFAP2A. RESULTS The expression of acetylated key enzyme NAT10 was obviously increased in LUAD group. Then we found noticeable differences in ac4C mRNA modification between LUAD and adjacent non-tumor tissues. In addition, bioinformatics analysis showed that the distinctive distribution pattern of mRNA ac4C in LUAD affects a variety of cellular functions, such as protein sumoylation and transmembrane transporter activity. Importantly, we verified the ac4C level of TFAP2A was up-regulated in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that the degree of ac4C in mRNA in LUAD was significantly higher than in adjacent tissues and was concentrated mainly in the coding sequences with a implications in a wide range of cellular functions. The ac4C may become a new molecular marker and treatment target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Shang
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yancheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongmin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wangang Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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3
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Mohamad-Fauzi N, Shaw C, Foutouhi SH, Hess M, Kong N, Kol A, Storey DB, Desai PT, Shah J, Borjesson D, Murray JD, Weimer BC. Salmonella enhances osteogenic differentiation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1077350. [PMID: 37009487 PMCID: PMC10055666 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1077350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue repair and regeneration has garnered great attention. While MSCs are likely to interact with microbes at sites of tissue damage and inflammation, like in the gastrointestinal system, the consequences of pathogenic association on MSC activities have yet to be elucidated. This study investigated the effects of pathogenic interaction on MSC trilineage differentiation paths and mechanisms using model intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica ssp enterica serotype Typhimurium. The examination of key markers of differentiation, apoptosis, and immunomodulation demonstrated that Salmonella altered osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation pathways in human and goat adipose-derived MSCs. Anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative responses were also significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) in MSCs during Salmonella challenge. These results together indicate that Salmonella, and potentially other pathogenic bacteria, can induce pathways that influence both apoptotic response and functional differentiation trajectories in MSCs, highlighting that microbes have a potentially significant role as influencers of MSC physiology and immune activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuradilla Mohamad-Fauzi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Claire Shaw
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Soraya H. Foutouhi
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Matthias Hess
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Nguyet Kong
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Amir Kol
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dylan Bobby Storey
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Prerak T. Desai
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jigna Shah
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dori Borjesson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - James D. Murray
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: James D. Murray, ; Bart C. Weimer,
| | - Bart C. Weimer
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: James D. Murray, ; Bart C. Weimer,
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4
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Chiang PC, Li PT, Lee MJ, Chen CT. DNA Hypermethylation Involves in the Down-Regulation of Chloride Intracellular Channel 4 (CLIC4) Induced by Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080927. [PMID: 34440131 PMCID: PMC8394338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The altered expression of chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) was reported to correlate with tumor progression. Previously, we have shown that the reduced cellular invasion induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) is associated with suppression of CLIC4 expression in PDT-treated cells. Herein, we attempted to decipher the regulatory mechanisms involved in PDT-mediated CLIC4 suppression in A375 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. We found that PDT can increase the expression and enzymatic activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Bisulfite sequencing PCR further revealed that PDT can induce hypermethylation in the CLIC4 promoter region. Silencing DNMT1 rescues the PDT-induced CLIC4 suppression and inhibits hypermethylation in its promoter. Furthermore, we found tumor suppressor p53 involves in the increased DNMT1 expression of PDT-treated cells. Finally, by comparing CLIC4 expression in lung malignant cells and normal lung fibroblasts, the extent of methylation in CLIC4 promoter was found to be inversely proportional to its expression. Taken together, our results indicate that CLIC4 suppression induced by PDT is modulated by DNMT1-mediated hypermethylation and depends on the status of p53, which provides a possible mechanistic basis for regulating CLIC4 expression in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chi Chiang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (P.-C.C.); (P.-T.L.)
| | - Pei-Tzu Li
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (P.-C.C.); (P.-T.L.)
| | - Ming-Jen Lee
- Department of Neurology and Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10012, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Tin Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (P.-C.C.); (P.-T.L.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Szabo I, Zoratti M, Biasutto L. Targeting mitochondrial ion channels for cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101846. [PMID: 33419703 PMCID: PMC8113036 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological targeting of mitochondrial ion channels is emerging as a promising approach to eliminate cancer cells; as most of these channels are differentially expressed and/or regulated in cancer cells in comparison to healthy ones, this strategy may selectively eliminate the former. Perturbation of ion fluxes across the outer and inner membranes is linked to alterations of redox state, membrane potential and bioenergetic efficiency. This leads to indirect modulation of oxidative phosphorylation, which is/may be fundamental for both cancer and cancer stem cell survival. Furthermore, given the crucial contribution of mitochondria to intrinsic apoptosis, modulation of their ion channels leading to cytochrome c release may be of great advantage in case of resistance to drugs triggering apoptotic events upstream of the mitochondrial phase. In the present review, we give an overview of the known mitochondrial ion channels and of their modulators capable of killing cancer cells. In addition, we discuss state-of-the-art strategies using mitochondriotropic drugs or peptide-based approaches allowing a more efficient and selective targeting of mitochondrial ion channel-linked events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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6
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Ferofontov A, Vankova P, Man P, Giladi M, Haitin Y. Conserved cysteine dioxidation enhances membrane interaction of human Cl - intracellular channel 5. FASEB J 2020; 34:9925-9940. [PMID: 32725932 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000399r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The human chloride intracellular channel (hCLIC) family is thought to transition between globular and membrane-associated forms by exposure of a hydrophobic surface. However, the molecular identity of this surface, and the triggering events leading to its exposure, remain elusive. Here, by combining biochemical and structural approaches, together with mass spectrometry (MS) analyses, we show that hCLIC5 is inherently flexible. X-ray crystallography revealed the existence of a globular conformation, while small-angle X-ray scattering showed additional elongated forms consisting of exposure of the conserved hydrophobic inter-domain interface to the bulk phase. Tryptophan fluorescence measurements demonstrated that the transition to the membrane-associated form is enhanced by the presence of oxidative environment and lipids. Using MS, we identified a dose-dependent oxidation of a highly conserved cysteine residue, known to play a key role in the structurally related omega-class of glutathione-S-transferases. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange MS analysis revealed that oxidation of this cysteine facilitates the exposure of the conserved hydrophobic inter-domain interface. Together, our results pinpoint an oxidation of a specific cysteine residue as a triggering mechanism initializing the molecular commitment for membrane interaction in the CLIC family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Ferofontov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Pavla Vankova
- Division BioCeV, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Man
- Division BioCeV, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Moshe Giladi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoni Haitin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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7
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Lima FJ, Lopes MLDDS, Barros CCDS, Nonaka CFW, Silveira ÉJDD. Modification in CLIC4 Expression is Associated with P53, TGF-β, TNF-α and Myofibroblasts in Lip Carcinogenesis. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:290-297. [PMID: 32667519 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202003104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel-4 (CLIC4) is regulated by p53 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), it is linked to the increase of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and myofibroblastic differentiation in skin carcinogenesis. This study analyzed the immunoexpression of CLIC4, p53, TGF-β, TNF-α, and α-SMA in 50 actinic cheilitis (AC) and 50 lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC). AC and LLSCC immunoexpression were categorized as score 1 (<5% positive cells), 2 (5-50%) or 3 (>50%). For CLIC4, nuclear and cytoplasmic immunostaining of epithelial cells was considered individually. For morphologic analysis, the World Health Organization criteria were used to epithelial dysplasia grade of ACs, and Bryne grading of malignancy system was applied for LLSCC. Higher nuclear CLIC4 (CLIC4n) and TGF-β were observed in ACs with low-risk of transformation, while cytoplasmic CLIC4 (CLIC4c), p53 and TNF-α were higher in the high-risk cases (p<0.05). In LLSCCs, CLIC4c was higher in cases with lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical stages, and histological high-grade malignancy. p53 expression was higher in high-grade LLSCCs, whereas TGF-β decreased as the clinical stage and morphological grade progressed (p<0.05). ACs showed an increased expression of CLIC4n and TGF-β, while CLIC4c and α-SMA were higher in LLSCCs (p<0.0001). Both lesions showed negative correlation between CLIC4n and CLIC4c, while in LLSCCs, negative correlation was also verified between CLIC4c and p53, as well as CLIC4c and TGF-β (p<0.05). Change of CLIC4 from the nucleus to cytoplasm and alterations in p53, TGF-β, TNF-α, and α-SMA expression are involved in lip carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jadson Lima
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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8
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Gururaja Rao S, Patel NJ, Singh H. Intracellular Chloride Channels: Novel Biomarkers in Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:96. [PMID: 32116799 PMCID: PMC7034325 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are integral membrane proteins present on the plasma membrane as well as intracellular membranes. In the human genome, there are more than 400 known genes encoding ion channel proteins. Ion channels are known to regulate several cellular, organellar, and physiological processes. Any mutation or disruption in their function can result in pathological disorders, both common or rare. Ion channels present on the plasma membrane are widely acknowledged for their role in various biological processes, but in recent years, several studies have pointed out the importance of ion channels located in intracellular organelles. However, ion channels located in intracellular organelles are not well-understood in the context of physiological conditions, such as the generation of cellular excitability and ionic homeostasis. Due to the lack of information regarding their molecular identity and technical limitations of studying them, intracellular organelle ion channels have thus far been overlooked as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on a novel class of intracellular organelle ion channels, Chloride Intracellular Ion Channels (CLICs), mainly documented for their role in cardiovascular, neurophysiology, and tumor biology. CLICs have a single transmembrane domain, and in cells, they exist in cytosolic as well as membranous forms. They are predominantly present in intracellular organelles and have recently been shown to be localized to cardiomyocyte mitochondria as well as exosomes. In fact, a member of this family, CLIC5, is the first mitochondrial chloride channel to be identified on the molecular level in the inner mitochondrial membrane, while another member, CLIC4, is located predominantly in the outer mitochondrial membrane. In this review, we discuss this unique class of intracellular chloride channels, their role in pathologies, such as cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, and the recent developments concerning their usage as theraputic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubha Gururaja Rao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Neel J Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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9
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Li B, Zhao Y, Song M, Cui H, Feng X, Yang T, Fan HG. Role of c-Myc/chloride intracellular channel 4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced neurodegenerative diseases. Toxicology 2019; 429:152312. [PMID: 31693917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
LPS-induced neuronal apoptosis leads to neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, the mechanisms underlying NDs pathogenesis remains unclear. The apoptotic response to activation of the c-Myc/chloride intracellular channel (CLIC4) pathway is directed through a mitochondrial pathway. In this study, we aimed to explore the c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway in the progression of NDs induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In an in vivo experiment, the results of HE staining, transmission electron microscopic, immunofluorescence microscopy of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and the increasing expression of apoptotic pathway related proteins in mitochondria showed that LPS (10 mg/kg) administration damaged mitochondrial and induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis. The Western blot and RT-PCR indicated that LPS induced the activation of c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway. Furthermore, in an in vitro experiment, PC12 cells were exposed to LPS to induce cell injuries to mimic the model of NDs. To further confirm the role of the c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway in LPS-induced neuronal apoptosis, the gene knockout of c-Myc and CLIC4 were performed by CRISPR/Cas9. The results of the flow cytometry assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI showed that knocking out c-Myc and CLIC4 significantly reduced cell apoptosis. The results of Western blot and dual immunofluorescence with Cyt c and TOM20 showed that knocking out c-Myc and CLIC4 significantly reduced the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins. Our data confirmed that LPS-induced apoptosis is regulated by the activation of c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway. These results support further research mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases and can provide effective pharmacodynamic targets for the clinical development of therapeutic drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - ManYu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - HaiLin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - XiuJing Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - TianYuan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hong-Gang Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
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10
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Simonian M, Shirasaki D, Lee VS, Bervini D, Grace M, Loo RRO, Loo JA, Molloy MP, Stoodley MA. Proteomics identification of radiation-induced changes of membrane proteins in the rat model of arteriovenous malformation in pursuit of targets for brain AVM molecular therapy. Clin Proteomics 2018; 15:43. [PMID: 30602943 PMCID: PMC6305998 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-018-9217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid identification of novel targets and advancement of a vascular targeting strategy requires a comprehensive assessment of AVM endothelial membrane protein changes in response to irradiation. The aim of this study is to provide additional potential target protein molecules for evaluation in animal trials to promote intravascular thrombosis in AVM vessels post radiosurgery. Methods We employed in vivo biotinylation methodology that we developed, to label membrane proteins in the rat model of AVM post radiosurgery. Mass spectrometry expression (MSE) analysis was used to identify and quantify surface protein expression between irradiated and non irradiated rats, which mimics a radiosurgical treatment approach. Results Our proteomics data revealed differentially expressed membrane proteins between irradiated and non irradiated rats, e.g. profilin-1, ESM-1, ion channel proteins, annexin A2 and lumican. Conclusion This work provides additional potential target protein molecules for evaluation in animal trials to promote intravascular thrombosis in AVM vessels post radiosurgery. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12014-018-9217-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Simonian
- 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia.,2Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Dyna Shirasaki
- 2Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Vivienne S Lee
- 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - David Bervini
- 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia.,3Neurosurgery Department, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grace
- 4Genesis Cancer Care, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Rachel R Ogorzalek Loo
- 2Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Joseph A Loo
- 2Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Mark P Molloy
- 5Department of Chemistry and Bimolecular Sciences, Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia.,Lawrence Penn Chair of Bowel Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Clinical School, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marcus A Stoodley
- 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia
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11
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Lu J, Wu L, Wang X, Zhu J, Du J, Shen B. Detection of Mitochondria Membrane Potential to Study CLIC4 Knockdown-induced HN4 Cell Apoptosis In Vitro. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30080203 DOI: 10.3791/56317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Depletion of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm) is considered the earliest event in the apoptotic cascade. It even occurs ahead of nuclear apoptotic characteristics, including chromatin condensation and DNA breakage. Once the MMP collapses, cell apoptosis will initiate irreversibly. A series of lipophilic cationic dyes can pass through the cell membrane and aggregate inside the matrix of mitochondrion, and serve as fluorescence marker to evaluate MMP change. As one of the six members of the Cl- intracellular channel (CLIC) family, CLIC4 participates in the cell apoptotic process mainly through the mitochondrial pathway. Here we describe a detailed protocol to measure MMP via monitoring the fluorescence fluctuation of Rhodamine 123 (Rh123), through which we study apoptosis induced by CLIC4 knockdown. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the application of confocal laser scanning and normal fluorescence microscope in detail, and also compare it with other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsen Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University
| | - Lele Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University
| | - Xiaoke Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University
| | - Jinhang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University;
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12
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Identification and Characterization of a Bacterial Homolog of Chloride Intracellular Channel (CLIC) Protein. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8500. [PMID: 28819106 PMCID: PMC5561075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channels (CLIC) are non-classical ion channels lacking a signal sequence for membrane targeting. In eukaryotes, they are implicated in cell volume regulation, acidification, and cell cycle. CLICs resemble the omega class of Glutathione S-transferases (GST), yet differ from them in their ability to form ion channels. They are ubiquitously found in eukaryotes but no prokaryotic homolog has been characterized. We found that indanyloxyacetic acid-94 (IAA-94), a blocker of CLICs, delays the growth of Escherichia coli. In silico analysis showed that the E. coli stringent starvation protein A (SspA) shares sequence and structural homology with CLICs. Similar to CLICs, SspA lacks a signal sequence but contains an omega GST fold. Electrophysiological analysis revealed that SspA auto-inserts into lipid bilayers and forms IAA-94-sensitive ion channels. Substituting the ubiquitously conserved residue leucine 29 to alanine in the pore-forming region increased its single-channel conductance. SspA is essential for cell survival during acid-induced stress, and we found that acidic pH increases the open probability of SspA. Further, IAA-94 delayed the growth of wild-type but not sspA null mutant E. coli. Our results for the first time show that CLIC-like proteins exist in bacteria in the form of SspA, forming functional ion channels.
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Palazzo E, Kellett MD, Cataisson C, Bible PW, Bhattacharya S, Sun HW, Gormley AC, Yuspa SH, Morasso MI. A novel DLX3-PKC integrated signaling network drives keratinocyte differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:717-730. [PMID: 28186503 PMCID: PMC5384032 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal homeostasis relies on a well-defined transcriptional control of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, which is critical to prevent skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis or cancer. We have recently shown that the homeobox transcription factor DLX3 and the tumor suppressor p53 co-regulate cell cycle-related signaling and that this mechanism is functionally involved in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma development. Here we show that DLX3 expression and its downstream signaling depend on protein kinase C α (PKCα) activity in skin. We found that following 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) topical treatment, DLX3 expression is significantly upregulated in the epidermis and keratinocytes from mice overexpressing PKCα by transgenic targeting (K5-PKCα), resulting in cell cycle block and terminal differentiation. Epidermis lacking DLX3 (DLX3cKO), which is linked to the development of a DLX3-dependent epidermal hyperplasia with hyperkeratosis and dermal leukocyte recruitment, displays enhanced PKCα activation, suggesting a feedback regulation of DLX3 and PKCα. Of particular significance, transcriptional activation of epidermal barrier, antimicrobial peptide and cytokine genes is significantly increased in DLX3cKO skin and further increased by TPA-dependent PKC activation. Furthermore, when inhibiting PKC activity, we show that epidermal thickness, keratinocyte proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration are reduced and the PKC-DLX3-dependent gene expression signature is normalized. Independently of PKC, DLX3 expression specifically modulates regulatory networks such as Wnt signaling, phosphatase activity and cell adhesion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis of primary suprabasal keratinocytes showed binding of DLX3 to the proximal promoter regions of genes associated with cell cycle regulation, and of structural proteins and transcription factors involved in epidermal differentiation. These results indicate that Dlx3 potentially regulates a set of crucial genes necessary during the epidermal differentiation process. Altogether, we demonstrate the existence of a robust DLX3–PKCα signaling pathway in keratinocytes that is crucial to epidermal differentiation control and cutaneous homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul W Bible
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anna C Gormley
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stuart H Yuspa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maria I Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Xue H, Lu J, Yuan R, Liu J, Liu Y, Wu K, Wu J, Du J, Shen B. Knockdown of CLIC4 enhances ATP-induced HN4 cell apoptosis through mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:5. [PMID: 26816615 PMCID: PMC4727302 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human head and neck squamous carcinoma is the 6th most prevalent carcinoma worldwide. Although many novel therapies have been developed, the clinical treatment for patients remains non-ideal. Chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4), one of the seven members of the CLIC family, is a newly found Cl− channel that participates in various biological processes, including cellular apoptosis and differentiation. Accumulating evidence has revealed the significant role of CLIC4 in regulating the apoptosis of different cancer cells. Here, we investigated the functional role of CLIC4 in the apoptosis of HN4 cells, a human head and neck squamous carcinoma cell line. Results In the present study, we used immunohistochemical staining to demonstrate that the expression level of CLIC4 is elevated in the tissue of human oral squamous carcinoma compared with healthy human gingival tissue. Specific CLIC4 small interfering RNA was used to knockdown the expression of CLIC4. The results showed that knockdown of CLIC4 with or without 100 μM adenosine triphosphate (ATP) treatment significantly increased the expression of Bax, active caspase 3, active caspase 4 and CHOP but suppressed Bcl-2 expression in HN4 cells. Moreover, the results from the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay indicated that CLIC4 knockdown induced a higher apoptotic rate in HN4 cells under the induction of ATP. In addition, knockdown of CLIC4 dramatically enhanced ATP-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization in HN4 cells. Moreover, intracellular Ca2+ measurement revealed that Ca2+ release induced by ATP and thapsigargin, a Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum, was significantly enhanced by the suppression of CLIC4 in HN4 cells. Conclusions Knockdown of CLIC4 enhanced ATP-induced apoptosis in HN4 cells. Both the pathways of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum stress were involved in CLIC4-mediated cell apoptosis. Based on our finding, CLIC4 may be a potential and valuable target for the clinical treatment of head and neck squamous carcinoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13578-016-0070-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
| | - Jinsen Lu
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Renxiang Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Jinli Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
| | - Kaile Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
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Ponnalagu D, Gururaja Rao S, Farber J, Xin W, Hussain AT, Shah K, Tanda S, Berryman M, Edwards JC, Singh H. Molecular identity of cardiac mitochondrial chloride intracellular channel proteins. Mitochondrion 2016; 27:6-14. [PMID: 26777142 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidences demonstrate significance of chloride channels in cardiac function and cardioprotection from ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Unlike mitochondrial potassium channels sensitive to calcium (BKCa) and ATP (KATP), molecular identity of majority of cardiac mitochondrial chloride channels located at the inner membrane is not known. In this study, we report the presence of unique dimorphic chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) proteins namely CLIC1, CLIC4 and CLIC5 as abundant CLICs in the rodent heart. Further, CLIC4, CLIC5, and an ortholog present in Drosophila (DmCLIC) localize to adult cardiac mitochondria. We found that CLIC4 is enriched in the outer mitochondrial membrane, whereas CLIC5 is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Also, CLIC5 plays a direct role in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Our study highlights that CLIC5 is localized to the cardiac mitochondria and directly modulates mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devasena Ponnalagu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Shubha Gururaja Rao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Jason Farber
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Wenyu Xin
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Ahmed Tafsirul Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Kajol Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Soichi Tanda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, United States
| | - Mark Berryman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, United States
| | - John C Edwards
- Division of Nephrology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States.
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Recursive Random Lasso (RRLasso) for Identifying Anti-Cancer Drug Targets. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141869. [PMID: 26544691 PMCID: PMC4636151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncovering driver genes is crucial for understanding heterogeneity in cancer. L1-type regularization approaches have been widely used for uncovering cancer driver genes based on genome-scale data. Although the existing methods have been widely applied in the field of bioinformatics, they possess several drawbacks: subset size limitations, erroneous estimation results, multicollinearity, and heavy time consumption. We introduce a novel statistical strategy, called a Recursive Random Lasso (RRLasso), for high dimensional genomic data analysis and investigation of driver genes. For time-effective analysis, we consider a recursive bootstrap procedure in line with the random lasso. Furthermore, we introduce a parametric statistical test for driver gene selection based on bootstrap regression modeling results. The proposed RRLasso is not only rapid but performs well for high dimensional genomic data analysis. Monte Carlo simulations and analysis of the "Sanger Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer dataset from the Cancer Genome Project" show that the proposed RRLasso is an effective tool for high dimensional genomic data analysis. The proposed methods provide reliable and biologically relevant results for cancer driver gene selection.
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Patel D, Ythier D, Brozzi F, Eizirik DL, Thorens B. Clic4, a novel protein that sensitizes β-cells to apoptosis. Mol Metab 2015; 4:253-64. [PMID: 25830089 PMCID: PMC4354924 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chloride intracellular channel protein 4 (Clic4) is a ubiquitously expressed protein involved in multiple cellular processes including cell-cycle control, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. Here, we investigated the role of Clic4 in pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. Methods We used βTC-tet cells and islets from β-cell specific Clic4 knockout mice (βClic4KO) and assessed cytokine-induced apoptosis, Bcl2 family protein expression and stability, and identified Clic4-interacting proteins by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis. Results We show that cytokines increased Clic4 expression in βTC-tet cells and in mouse islets and siRNA-mediated silencing of Clic4 expression in βTC-tet cells or its genetic inactivation in islets β-cells, reduced cytokine-induced apoptosis. This was associated with increased expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression and phosphorylation of Bad. Measurement of Bcl-2 and Bad half-lives in βTC-tet cells showed that Clic4 silencing increased the stability of these proteins. In primary islets β-cells, absence of Clic4 expression increased Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression as well as expression and phosphorylation of Bad. Mass-spectrometry analysis of proteins co-immunoprecipitated with Clic4 from βTC-tet cells showed no association of Clic4 with Bcl-2 family proteins. However, Clic4 co-purified with proteins from the proteasome suggesting a possible role for Clic4 in regulating protein degradation. Conclusions Collectively, our data show that Clic4 is a cytokine-induced gene that sensitizes β-cells to apoptosis by reducing the steady state levels of Bcl-2, Bad and phosphorylated Bad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval Patel
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien Ythier
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flora Brozzi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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L-methionase: a therapeutic enzyme to treat malignancies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:506287. [PMID: 25250324 PMCID: PMC4164312 DOI: 10.1155/2014/506287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an increasing cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. L-methionase has potential application against many types of cancers. L-Methionase is an intracellular enzyme in bacterial species, an extracellular enzyme in fungi, and absent in mammals. L-Methionase producing bacterial strain(s) can be isolated by 5,5′-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) as a screening dye. L-Methionine plays an important role in tumour cells. These cells become methionine dependent and eventually follow apoptosis due to methionine limitation in cancer cells. L-Methionine also plays an indispensable role in gene activation and inactivation due to hypermethylation and/or hypomethylation. Membrane transporters such as GLUT1 and ion channels like Na2+, Ca2+, K+, and Cl− become overexpressed. Further, the α-subunit of ATP synthase plays a role in cancer cells growth and development by providing them enhanced nutritional requirements. Currently, selenomethionine is also used as a prodrug in cancer therapy along with enzyme methionase that converts prodrug into active toxic chemical(s) that causes death of cancerous cells/tissue. More recently, fusion protein (FP) consisting of L-methionase linked to annexin-V has been used in cancer therapy. The fusion proteins have advantage that they have specificity only for cancer cells and do not harm the normal cells.
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Murray E, Hernychová L, Scigelova M, Ho J, Nekulova M, O’Neill JR, Nenutil R, Vesely K, Dundas SR, Dhaliwal C, Henderson H, Hayward RL, Salter DM, Vojtěšek B, Hupp TR. Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Pleomorphic Human Sarcoma Identifies CLIC1 as a Dominant Pro-Oncogenic Receptor Expressed in Diverse Sarcoma Types. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:2543-59. [DOI: 10.1021/pr4010713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Euan Murray
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and
Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, South Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Hernychová
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Scigelova
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hanna-Kunath-Strasse
11, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jenny Ho
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1
Boundary Park, Hemel Hempstead HP2 7GE, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Nekulova
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - John Robert O’Neill
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and
Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, South Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf Nenutil
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Vesely
- Masaryk University and St. Annés University Hospital, First Department of Pathological Anatomy, Pekařská 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sinclair R. Dundas
- Department
of Pathology, University of Aberdeen, University Medical Buildings, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Catharine Dhaliwal
- Department
of Pathology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Henderson
- Department
of Pathology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, United Kingdom
| | - Richard L. Hayward
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and
Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, South Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Donald M. Salter
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and
Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, South Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
| | - Bořivoj Vojtěšek
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ted R. Hupp
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and
Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, South Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
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Wojciak-Stothard B, Abdul-Salam VB, Lao KH, Tsang H, Irwin DC, Lisk C, Loomis Z, Stenmark KR, Edwards JC, Yuspa SH, Howard LS, Edwards RJ, Rhodes CJ, Gibbs JSR, Wharton J, Zhao L, Wilkins MR. Aberrant chloride intracellular channel 4 expression contributes to endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circulation 2014; 129:1770-80. [PMID: 24503951 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.006797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) is highly expressed in the endothelium of remodeled pulmonary vessels and plexiform lesions of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. CLIC4 regulates vasculogenesis through endothelial tube formation. Aberrant CLIC4 expression may contribute to the vascular pathology of pulmonary arterial hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS CLIC4 protein expression was increased in plasma and blood-derived endothelial cells from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and in the pulmonary vascular endothelium of 3 rat models of pulmonary hypertension. CLIC4 gene deletion markedly attenuated the development of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. Adenoviral overexpression of CLIC4 in cultured human pulmonary artery endothelial cells compromised pulmonary endothelial barrier function and enhanced their survival and angiogenic capacity, whereas CLIC4 shRNA had an inhibitory effect. Similarly, inhibition of CLIC4 expression in blood-derived endothelial cells from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension attenuated the abnormal angiogenic behavior that characterizes these cells. The mechanism of CLIC4 effects involves p65-mediated activation of nuclear factor-κB, followed by stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and increased downstream production of vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelin-1. CONCLUSION Increased CLIC4 expression is an early manifestation and mediator of endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Wojciak-Stothard
- Centre for Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK (B.W.-S., V.B.A.-S., K.H.L., H.T., R.J.E., C.J.R., J.W., L.Z., M.R.W.); Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Group, University of Colorado Denver Health Sciences Center, Aurora (D.C.I., C.L., Z.L., K.R.S.); Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis MO (J.C.E.); Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Centre for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD (S.H.Y.); and National Pulmonary Hypertension Service and National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK (L.S.H., J.S.R.G.)
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Okudela K, Katayama A, Woo T, Mitsui H, Suzuki T, Tateishi Y, Umeda S, Tajiri M, Masuda M, Nagahara N, Kitamura H, Ohashi K. Proteome analysis for downstream targets of oncogenic KRAS--the potential participation of CLIC4 in carcinogenesis in the lung. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87193. [PMID: 24503901 PMCID: PMC3913595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the proteome modulated by oncogenic KRAS in immortalized airway epithelial cells. Chloride intracellular channel protein 4 (CLIC4), S100 proteins (S100A2 and S100A11), tropomyosin 2, cathepsin L1, integrinsα3, eukaryotic elongation factor 1, vimentin, and others were discriminated. We here focused on CLIC4 to investigate its potential involvement in carcinogenesis in the lung because previous studies suggested that some chloride channels and chloride channel regulators could function as tumor suppressors. CILC4 protein levels were reduced in some lung cancer cell lines. The restoration of CLIC4 in lung cancer cell lines in which CLIC4 expression was reduced attenuated their growth activity. The immunohistochemical expression of the CLIC4 protein was weaker in primary lung cancer cells than in non-tumorous airway epithelial cells and was occasionally undetectable in some tumors. CLIC4 protein levels were significantly lower in a subtype of mucinous ADC than in others, and were also significantly lower in KRAS-mutated ADC than in EGFR-mutated ADC. These results suggest that the alteration in CLIC4 could be involved in restrictedly the development of a specific fraction of lung adenocarcinomas. The potential benefit of the proteome modulated by oncogenic KRAS to lung cancer research has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Okudela
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akira Katayama
- Department of Biochemistry/Cell Biology, Nippon Medical University, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsukan Woo
- Department of Surgey, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Mitsui
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takehisa Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoko Tateishi
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Umeda
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michihiko Tajiri
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Prefectural Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, 6-16-1, Tomioka-higashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgey, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagahara
- Department of Enviromental Medicine, Nippon Medical University, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kitamura
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ohashi
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Future, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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Karsani SA, Saihen NA, Zain RB, Cheong SC, Abdul Rahman M. Comparative proteomics analysis of oral cancer cell lines: identification of cancer associated proteins. Proteome Sci 2014; 12:3. [PMID: 24422745 PMCID: PMC3974152 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-12-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A limiting factor in performing proteomics analysis on cancerous cells is the difficulty in obtaining sufficient amounts of starting material. Cell lines can be used as a simplified model system for studying changes that accompany tumorigenesis. This study used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) to compare the whole cell proteome of oral cancer cell lines vs normal cells in an attempt to identify cancer associated proteins. Results Three primary cell cultures of normal cells with a limited lifespan without hTERT immortalization have been successfully established. 2DE was used to compare the whole cell proteome of these cells with that of three oral cancer cell lines. Twenty four protein spots were found to have changed in abundance. MALDI TOF/TOF was then used to determine the identity of these proteins. Identified proteins were classified into seven functional categories – structural proteins, enzymes, regulatory proteins, chaperones and others. IPA core analysis predicted that 18 proteins were related to cancer with involvements in hyperplasia, metastasis, invasion, growth and tumorigenesis. The mRNA expressions of two proteins – 14-3-3 protein sigma and Stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1 – were found to correlate with the corresponding proteins’ abundance. Conclusions The outcome of this analysis demonstrated that a comparative study of whole cell proteome of cancer versus normal cell lines can be used to identify cancer associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Tung JJ, Tattersall IW, Kitajewski J. Tips, stalks, tubes: notch-mediated cell fate determination and mechanisms of tubulogenesis during angiogenesis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2013; 2:a006601. [PMID: 22355796 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of developing vascular sprouts from existing blood vessels. Luminal endothelial cells convert into "tip" cells that contribute to the development of a multicellular stalk, which then undergoes lumen formation. In this review, we consider a variety of cellular and molecular pathways that mediate these transitions. We focus first on Notch signaling in cell fate determination as a mechanism to define tip and stalk cells. We next discuss the current models of lumen formation and describe new players in this process, such as chloride intracellular channel proteins. Finally, we consider the possible medical therapeutic benefits of understanding these processes and acknowledge potential obstacles in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Tung
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Pathology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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Profiling alterations in platelets induced by Amotosalen/UVA pathogen reduction and gamma irradiation--a LC-ESI-MS/MS-based proteomics approach. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2012; 10 Suppl 2:s63-70. [PMID: 22890270 DOI: 10.2450/2012.010s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogen reduction in platelet concentrates (PC) using Amotosalen/UVA-light reduces the risk of transfusion transmitted infections but also decreases the post-transfusion platelet count increment. Little is known about potential platelet lesions caused by Amotosalen/UVA-light, which may reduce therapeutic efficacy of PCs. METHODS Platelets from buffy coat (n=15) derived PCs were pooled and split into three equal PC-units. PC-1 was left untreated (control). PC-2 was Amotosalen/UVA treated using the INTERCEPT Blood System(™), PC-3 was gamma irradiated (30 Gy). Samples were prepared one and five days after PC-production for LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Proteins displaying treatment-dependent changes in intensity were classified according to Gene Ontology. RESULTS In total, 948 proteins were identified, 721 with ≥2 peptides. At day 1, Amotosalen/UVA-treatment triggered alteration of 23 proteins, and gamma irradiation of 49 proteins (overlap: 11 proteins). Five days storage revealed 58 (Amotosalen/UVA treated), 50 (gamma irradiated), and 36 (controls) changes in the platelet proteome compared to control platelets at day 1. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that many affected proteins were displaying specific catalytic activities and/or protein/nucleic acid binding capacity. We identified platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 precursor, chloride intracellular channel protein 4, and protein-tyrosine sulfotransferase 2 as proteins uniquely and consistently altered after treatment and storage of Amotosalen/UVA treated platelets. CONCLUSION While Amotosalen/UVA-treatment causes less pronounced proteome changes than gamma irradiation at day 1, our data indicate an increase in storage lesions at day 5 caused by this pathogen reduction treatment.
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Zhong J, Kong X, Zhang H, Yu C, Xu Y, Kang J, Yu H, Yi H, Yang X, Sun L. Inhibition of CLIC4 enhances autophagy and triggers mitochondrial and ER stress-induced apoptosis in human glioma U251 cells under starvation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39378. [PMID: 22761775 PMCID: PMC3382619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CLIC4/mtCLIC, a chloride intracellular channel protein, localizes to mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), nucleus and cytoplasm, and participates in the apoptotic response to stress. Apoptosis and autophagy, the main types of the programmed cell death, seem interconnected under certain stress conditions. However, the role of CLIC4 in autophagy regulation has yet to be determined. In this study, we demonstrate upregulation and nuclear translocation of the CLIC4 protein following starvation in U251 cells. CLIC4 siRNA transfection enhanced autophagy with increased LC3-II protein and puncta accumulation in U251 cells under starvation conditions. In that condition, the interaction of the 14-3-3 epsilon isoform with CLIC4 was abolished and resulted in Beclin 1 overactivation, which further activated autophagy. Moreover, inhibiting the expression of CLIC4 triggered both mitochondrial apoptosis involved in Bax/Bcl-2 and cytochrome c release under starvation and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis with CHOP and caspase-4 upregulation. These results demonstrate that CLIC4 nuclear translocation is an integral part of the cellular response to starvation. Inhibiting the expression of CLIC4 enhances autophagy and contributes to mitochondrial and ER stress-induced apoptosis under starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiateng Zhong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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He G, Ma Y, Chou SY, Li H, Yang C, Chuang JZ, Sung CH, Ding A. Role of CLIC4 in the host innate responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:1221-30. [PMID: 21469130 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201041266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) 4 has diverse functions in membrane trafficking, apoptosis, angiogenesis and cell differentiation. CLIC4 is abundantly expressed in macrophages, but its role in innate immune functions is unclear. Here, we show that primary murine macrophages express increased amounts of CLIC4 after exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Endogenous CLIC4 level was significantly elevated in the brain, heart, lung, kidney, liver and spleen after LPS injection of mice. Stable macrophage lines overexpressing CLIC4 produced more TNF, IL-6, IL-12 and CCL5 than mock transfectants when exposed to LPS. To explore the role of CLIC4 in vivo, we generated CLIC4-null mice. These mice were protected from LPS-induced death, and had reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. Upon infection with Listeria monocytogenes, CLIC4-deficient mice were impaired in their ability to clear infection, and their macrophages responded to Listeria by producing less inflammatory cytokines and chemokines than the WT controls. When challenged with LPS in vitro, deletion of clic4 gene had little effect on MAPK and NF-κB activation, but led to a reduced accumulation of phosphorylated interferon response factor 3 (IRF3) within macrophages. Conversely, overexpression of CLIC4 enhanced LPS-mediated IRF3. Thus, these findings suggest that CLIC4 is an LPS-induced product that can serve as a positive regulator of LPS signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoan He
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY 10065, USA
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Mynott AV, Harrop SJ, Brown LJ, Breit SN, Kobe B, Curmi PMG. Crystal structure of importin-α bound to a peptide bearing the nuclear localisation signal from chloride intracellular channel protein 4. FEBS J 2011; 278:1662-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liao KA, Tsay YG, Huang LC, Huang HY, Li CF, Wu TF. Search for the Tumor-Associated Proteins of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Collected in Taiwan using Proteomics Strategy. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:2347-58. [DOI: 10.1021/pr101146w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-An Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Yeou-Guang Tsay
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chien Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan,710, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Feng Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan,710, Taiwan
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Xu B, Mao J, Wang L, Zhu L, Li H, Wang W, Jin X, Zhu J, Chen L. ClC-3 chloride channels are essential for cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2010; 42:370-80. [PMID: 20539936 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmq031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ClC-3, a gene encoding a candidate protein for volume-activated chloride (C(-)) channels, may be involved in tumor development. Herein we report a study using an antisense "knock-down" strategy to investigate the mechanism by which ClC-3 affects cell proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells. With immunoblots and MTT assays we demonstrated that the expression of ClC-3 was cell cycle dependent and in a similar concentration-dependent manner, an antisense oligonucleotide specific for ClC-3 inhibited ClC-3 protein expression and cell proliferation. The expression level of ClC-3 correlated with cell proliferation. Moreover, in the cells exposed to a ClC-3 antisense oligonucleotide, the cloning efficiency was inhibited, and cells were arrested in the S phase. The ClC-3 antisense oligonucleotide inhibited the volume-activated C(-) current (I(Cl,vol)) and the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the I(Cl,vol) or RVD was positively correlated with cell proliferation in the treated cells. In conclusion, ClC-3 is involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle progression through a mechanism involving modulation of I(Cl,vol) and RVD. CIC-3 may represent a therapeutic target in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Arcangeli A, Becchetti A. New Trends in Cancer Therapy: Targeting Ion Channels and Transporters. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2010; 3:1202-1224. [PMID: 27713296 PMCID: PMC4034029 DOI: 10.3390/ph3041202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression and activity of different channel types mark and regulate specific stages of cancer establishment and progression. Blocking channel activity impairs the growth of some tumors, both in vitro and in vivo, which opens a new field for pharmaceutical research. However, ion channel blockers may produce serious side effects, such as cardiac arrhythmias. For instance, Kv11.1 (hERG1) channels are aberrantly expressed in several human cancers, in which they control different aspects of the neoplastic cell behaviour. hERG1 blockers tend to inhibit cancer growth. However they also retard the cardiac repolarization, thus lengthening the electrocardiographic QT interval, which can lead to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Several possibilities exist to produce less harmful compounds, such as developing specific drugs that bind hERG1 channels in the open state or disassemble the ion channel/integrin complex which appears to be crucial in certain stages of neoplastic progression. The potential approaches to improve the efficacy and safety of ion channel targeting in oncology include: (1) targeting specific conformational channel states; (2) finding ever more specific inhibitors, including peptide toxins, for channel subtypes mainly expressed in well-identified tumors; (3) using specific ligands to convey traceable or cytotoxic compounds; (4) developing channel blocking antibodies; (5) designing new molecular tools to decrease channel expression in selected cancer types. Similar concepts apply to ion transporters such as the Na⁺/K⁺ pump and the Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger. Pharmacological targeting of these transporters is also currently being considered in anti-neoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy.
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy.
| | - Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
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Two decades with dimorphic Chloride Intracellular Channels (CLICs). FEBS Lett 2010; 584:2112-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Chalothorn D, Zhang H, Smith JE, Edwards JC, Faber JE. Chloride intracellular channel-4 is a determinant of native collateral formation in skeletal muscle and brain. Circ Res 2009; 105:89-98. [PMID: 19478202 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.197145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of the collateral circulation to lessen injury in occlusive vascular disease depends on the density and caliber of native (preexisting) collaterals, as well as their ability to outwardly remodel in ischemia. Native collateral conductance varies widely among healthy individuals, yet little is known about what specifies collateral formation. Chloride intracellular channel (CLIC)4 protein is required for endothelial cell hollowing, a process necessary for vessel formation during embryogenesis and ischemia. Whether CLIC4 has other physiological roles in vascular biology is uncertain. We studied collateral formation and remodeling in mice deficient in CLIC1 and CLIC4. Vascular responses to femoral artery ligation were similar in Clic1(-/-) and wild-type mice. In contrast, immediately after ligation perfusion dropped more in Clic4(-/-) than wild-type mice, suggesting fewer preexisting collaterals, a finding confirmed by angiography, greater ischemia, and worse recovery of perfusion; however, collateral remodeling was unaffected. Likewise, native cerebral collateral density in Clic4(-/-) (but not Clic1(-/-)) mice was reduced, resulting in severe infarctions. This was associated with impaired perinatal formation and stabilization of nascent collaterals. Clic4 hemizygous mice had intermediate deficits in the above parameters, suggesting a gene-dose effect. Ischemia augmented CLIC1 and CLIC4 expression similarly in wild-type mice. However, CLIC1 increased 3-fold more in Clic4(-/-) mice, suggesting compensation. Despite greater ischemia in Clic4(-/-) mice, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 increased less compared to wild-type, suggesting CLIC4 exerts influences upstream of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha-VEGF signaling. Hence, CLIC4 represents the second gene that, along with VEGF shown by us previously, specifies native collateral formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chalothorn
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599-7545, USA
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Umar A, Kang H, Timmermans AM, Look MP, Meijer-van Gelder ME, den Bakker MA, Jaitly N, Martens JWM, Luider TM, Foekens JA, Pasa-Tolić L. Identification of a putative protein profile associated with tamoxifen therapy resistance in breast cancer. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 8:1278-94. [PMID: 19329653 PMCID: PMC2690491 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800493-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen resistance is a major cause of death in patients with recurrent breast cancer. Current clinical factors can correctly predict therapy response in only half of the treated patients. Identification of proteins that are associated with tamoxifen resistance is a first step toward better response prediction and tailored treatment of patients. In the present study we intended to identify putative protein biomarkers indicative of tamoxifen therapy resistance in breast cancer using nano-LC coupled with FTICR MS. Comparative proteome analysis was performed on ∼5,500 pooled tumor cells (corresponding to ∼550 ng of protein lysate/analysis) obtained through laser capture microdissection (LCM) from two independently processed data sets (n = 24 and n = 27) containing both tamoxifen therapy-sensitive and therapy-resistant tumors. Peptides and proteins were identified by matching mass and elution time of newly acquired LC-MS features to information in previously generated accurate mass and time tag reference databases. A total of 17,263 unique peptides were identified that corresponded to 2,556 non-redundant proteins identified with ≥2 peptides. 1,713 overlapping proteins between the two data sets were used for further analysis. Comparative proteome analysis revealed 100 putatively differentially abundant proteins between tamoxifen-sensitive and tamoxifen-resistant tumors. The presence and relative abundance for 47 differentially abundant proteins were verified by targeted nano-LC-MS/MS in a selection of unpooled, non-microdissected discovery set tumor tissue extracts. ENPP1, EIF3E, and GNB4 were significantly associated with progression-free survival upon tamoxifen treatment for recurrent disease. Differential abundance of our top discriminating protein, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, was validated by tissue microarray in an independent patient cohort (n = 156). Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer levels were higher in therapy-resistant tumors and significantly associated with an earlier tumor progression following first line tamoxifen treatment (hazard ratio, 1.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.25–2.80; p = 0.002). In summary, comparative proteomics performed on laser capture microdissection-derived breast tumor cells using nano-LC-FTICR MS technology revealed a set of putative biomarkers associated with tamoxifen therapy resistance in recurrent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Umar
- Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Josephine Nefkens Inst., Dept. of Medical Oncology, Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Breast Cancer, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, Be 430c, P. O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Hellman K, Alaiya AA, Becker S, Lomnytska M, Schedvins K, Steinberg W, Hellström AC, Andersson S, Hellman U, Auer G. Differential tissue-specific protein markers of vaginal carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:1303-14. [PMID: 19367286 PMCID: PMC2676541 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective was to identify proteins differentially expressed in vaginal cancer to elucidate relevant cancer-related proteins. A total of 16 fresh-frozen tissue biopsies, consisting of 5 biopsies from normal vaginal epithelium, 6 from primary vaginal carcinomas and 5 from primary cervical carcinomas, were analysed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Of the 43 proteins identified with significant alterations in protein expression between non-tumourous and tumourous tissue, 26 were upregulated and 17 were downregulated. Some were similarly altered in vaginal and cervical carcinoma, including cytoskeletal proteins, tumour suppressor proteins, oncoproteins implicated in apoptosis and proteins in the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Three proteins were uniquely altered in vaginal carcinoma (DDX48, erbB3-binding protein and biliverdin reductase) and five in cervical carcinoma (peroxiredoxin 2, annexin A2, sarcomeric tropomyosin kappa, human ribonuclease inhibitor and prolyl-4-hydrolase beta). The identified proteins imply involvement of multiple different cellular pathways in the carcinogenesis of vaginal carcinoma. Similar protein alterations were found between vaginal and cervical carcinoma suggesting common tumourigenesis. However, the expression level of some of these proteins markedly differs among the three tissue specimens indicating that they might be useful molecular markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hellman
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Radiumhemmet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Tung JJ, Hobert O, Berryman M, Kitajewski J. Chloride intracellular channel 4 is involved in endothelial proliferation and morphogenesis in vitro. Angiogenesis 2009; 12:209-20. [PMID: 19247789 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-009-9139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
New capillaries are formed through angiogenesis and an integral step in this process is endothelial tubulogenesis. The molecular mechanisms driving tube formation during angiogenesis are not yet delineated. Recently, the chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4)-orthologue EXC-4 was found to be necessary for proper development and maintenance of the Caenorhabditis elegans excretory canal, implicating CLIC4 as a regulator of tubulogenesis. Here, we studied the role of CLIC4 in angiogenesis and endothelial tubulogenesis. We report the effects of inhibiting or inducing CLIC4 expression on distinct aspects of endothelial cell behavior in vitro. Our experiments utilized RNA interference to establish cultured human endothelial cell lines with significant reduction of CLIC4 expression, and a CLIC4-expressing lentiviral plasmid was used to establish CLIC4 overexpression in endothelial cells. We observed no effect on cell migration and a modest effect on cell survival. Reduced CLIC4 expression decreased cell proliferation, capillary network formation, capillary-like sprouting, and lumen formation. This suggests that normal endogenous CLIC4 expression is required for angiogenesis and tubulogenesis. Accordingly, increased CLIC4 expression promoted proliferation, network formation, capillary-like sprouting, and lumen formation. We conclude that CLIC4 functions to promote endothelial cell proliferation and to regulate endothelial morphogenesis, and is thus involved in multiple steps of in vitro angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Tung
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Pathology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Al-Ghoul M, Brück TB, Lauer-Fields JL, Asirvatham VS, Zapata C, Kerr RG, Fields GB. Comparative proteomic analysis of matched primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:4107-18. [PMID: 18698805 DOI: 10.1021/pr800174k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the biochemical pathways involved in the transformation from primary to metastatic melanoma is an area under intense investigation. A 2DE proteomics approach has been applied herein to the matched patient primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines WM-115 and WM-266-4, respectively, to better understand the processes that underlie tumor progression. Image analysis between samples aligned 470 common gel spots. Quantitative gel analysis indicated 115 gel spots of greater intensity in the metastatic line compared with the primary one, leading to the identification of 131 proteins via database searching of nano-LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS data. This more than tripled the number of proteins previously shown to be of higher abundance during melanoma progression. Also observed were 22 gel spots to be of lesser intensity in the metastatic line with respect to the primary one. Of these gel spots 15 proteins could be identified. Numerous proteins from both groups had not been reported previously to participate in melanoma progression. Further analysis of one protein, cyclophilin A, confirmed that this protein is expressed at higher levels in metastatic melanoma compared with primary melanoma and normal fibroblasts. Overall, this study expands our knowledge of protein modulation during melanoma stages, and suggests new targets for inhibitor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Ghoul
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
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Littler DR, Harrop SJ, Brown LJ, Pankhurst GJ, Mynott AV, Luciani P, Mandyam RA, Mazzanti M, Tanda S, Berryman MA, Breit SN, Curmi PMG. Comparison of vertebrate and invertebrate CLIC proteins: The crystal structures ofCaenorhabditis elegans EXC-4 andDrosophila melanogaster DmCLIC. Proteins 2008; 71:364-78. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.21704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Koszela-Piotrowska I, Choma K, Bednarczyk P, Dołowy K, Szewczyk A, Kunz WS, Malekova L, Kominkova V, Ondrias K. Stilbene derivatives inhibit the activity of the inner mitochondrial membrane chloride channels. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2007; 12:493-508. [PMID: 17457523 PMCID: PMC6275615 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-007-0019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2007] [Accepted: 02/28/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels selective for chloride ions are present in all biological membranes, where they regulate the cell volume or membrane potential. Various chloride channels from mitochondrial membranes have been described in recent years. The aim of our study was to characterize the effect of stilbene derivatives on single-chloride channel activity in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The measurements were performed after the reconstitution into a planar lipid bilayer of the inner mitochondrial membranes from rat skeletal muscle (SMM), rat brain (BM) and heart (HM) mitochondria. After incorporation in a symmetric 450/450 mM KCl solution (cis/trans), the chloride channels were recorded with a mean conductance of 155 ± 5 pS (rat skeletal muscle) and 120 ± 16 pS (rat brain). The conductances of the chloride channels from the rat heart mitochondria in 250/50 mM KCl (cis/trans) gradient solutions were within the 70–130 pS range. The chloride channels were inhibited by these two stilbene derivatives: 4,4′-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid (DIDS) and 4-acetamido-4′-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid (SITS). The skeletal muscle mitochondrial chloride channel was blocked after the addition of 1 mM DIDS or SITS, whereas the brain mitochondrial channel was blocked by 300 μM DIDS or SITS. The chloride channel from the rat heart mitochondria was inhibited by 50–100 μM DIDS. The inhibitory effect of DIDS was irreversible. Our results confirm the presence of chloride channels sensitive to stilbene derivatives in the inner mitochondrial membrane from rat skeletal muscle, brain and heart cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Koszela-Piotrowska
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteura 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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Adamkiewicz J, Kaddatz K, Rieck M, Wilke B, Müller-Brüsselbach S, Müller R. Proteomic profile of mouse fibroblasts with a targeted disruption of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-β/δ gene. Proteomics 2007; 7:1208-16. [PMID: 17380536 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200601003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-beta (PPARbeta) plays an essential role in lipid metabolism, immune modulation, differentiation and cell proliferation. There is also strong evidence for a function in oncogenesis and tumor vascularization, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we have used fibroblasts derived from Pparb wild-type and null mice to determine by 2-DE and PMF analysis the contribution of PPARbeta to the protein profile of fibroblasts. Thirty-one differentially expressed proteins of different functional categories were identified. For at least two proteins a role in tumorigenesis and/or tumor vascularization has previously been reported: while the calcium intracellular channel-4 (CLIC4) was expressed at lower levels in Pparb null cells, expression of the cellular retinol binding protein 1 (CRBP1) was enhanced. Clic4 and Crbp1 gene expression patterns observed in different experimental settings in vitro and in vivo confirmed the proteomics data. Our findings indicate that the expression of a defined set of proteins is altered in fibroblasts and endothelial cells from Pparb null mice, that this is due to aberrant gene regulation, and that the altered expression of these proteins is consistent with the tumor vascularization phenotype of Pparb null mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Adamkiewicz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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Malekova L, Kominkova V, Ferko M, Stefanik P, Krizanova O, Ziegelhöffer A, Szewczyk A, Ondrias K. Bongkrekic acid and atractyloside inhibits chloride channels from mitochondrial membranes of rat heart. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2006; 1767:31-44. [PMID: 17123460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 09/22/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to characterize the effect of bongkrekic acid (BKA), atractyloside (ATR) and carboxyatractyloside (CAT) on single channel properties of chloride channels from mitochondria. Mitochondrial membranes isolated from a rat heart muscle were incorporated into a bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) and single chloride channel currents were measured in 250/50 mM KCl cis/trans solutions. BKA (1-100 microM), ATR and CAT (5-100 microM) inhibited the chloride channels in dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of the BKA, ATR and CAT was pronounced from the trans side of a BLM and it increased with time and at negative voltages (trans-cis). These compounds did not influence the single channel amplitude, but decreased open dwell time of channels. The inhibitory effect of BKA, ATR and CAT on the mitochondrial chloride channel may help to explain some of their cellular and/or subcellular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubica Malekova
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 5, 833 34 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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