1
|
Nor Rashid N, Amrani L, Alwan A, Mohamed Z, Yusof R, Rothan H. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) Downregulation During Coronavirus Infection. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01277-5. [PMID: 39266903 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) downregulation represents a detrimental factor in people with a baseline ACE2 deficiency associated with older age, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Human coronaviruses, including HCoV-NL63, SARS-CoV-1, and SARS CoV-2 infect target cells via binding of viral spike (S) glycoprotein to the ACE2, resulting in ACE2 downregulation through yet unidentified mechanisms. This downregulation disrupts the enzymatic activity of ACE2, essential in protecting against organ injury by cleaving and disposing of Angiotensin-II (Ang II), leading to the formation of Ang 1-7, thereby exacerbating the accumulation of Ang II. This accumulation activates the Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) receptor, leading to leukocyte recruitment and increased proinflammatory cytokines, contributing to organ injury. The biological impacts and underlying mechanisms of ACE2 downregulation during SARS-CoV-2 infection have not been well defined. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a solid theoretical and experimental understanding of the mechanisms of ACE2 downregulation during SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication in the host cells. This review aims to discuss the physiological impact of ACE2 downregulation during coronavirus infection, the relationship between ACE2 decline and virus pathogenicity, and the possible mechanisms of ACE2 degradation, along with the therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurshamimi Nor Rashid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lina Amrani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Zulqarnain Mohamed
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohana Yusof
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Hussin Rothan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Pfizer, Pearl River, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Evergren E, Mills IG, Kennedy G. Adaptations of membrane trafficking in cancer and tumorigenesis. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs260943. [PMID: 38770683 PMCID: PMC11166456 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking, a fundamental cellular process encompassing the transport of molecules to specific organelles, endocytosis at the plasma membrane and protein secretion, is crucial for cellular homeostasis and signalling. Cancer cells adapt membrane trafficking to enhance their survival and metabolism, and understanding these adaptations is vital for improving patient responses to therapy and identifying therapeutic targets. In this Review, we provide a concise overview of major membrane trafficking pathways and detail adaptations in these pathways, including COPII-dependent endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi vesicle trafficking, COPI-dependent retrograde Golgi-to-ER trafficking and endocytosis, that have been found in cancer. We explore how these adaptations confer growth advantages or resistance to cell death and conclude by discussing the potential for utilising this knowledge in developing new treatment strategies and overcoming drug resistance for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Evergren
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ian G. Mills
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Grace Kennedy
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deng L, Solichin MR, Adyaksa DNM, Septianastiti MA, Fitri RA, Suwardan GNR, Matsui C, Abe T, Shoji I. Cellular Release of Infectious Hepatitis C Virus Particles via Endosomal Pathways. Viruses 2023; 15:2430. [PMID: 38140670 PMCID: PMC10747773 DOI: 10.3390/v15122430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that causes chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The release of infectious HCV particles from infected hepatocytes is a crucial step in viral dissemination and disease progression. While the exact mechanisms of HCV particle release remain poorly understood, emerging evidence suggests that HCV utilizes intracellular membrane trafficking and secretory pathways. These pathways include the Golgi secretory pathway and the endosomal trafficking pathways, such as the recycling endosome pathway and the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-dependent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) pathway. This review provides an overview of recent advances in understanding the release of infectious HCV particles, with a particular focus on the involvement of the host cell factors that participate in HCV particle release. By summarizing the current knowledge in this area, this review aims to contribute to a better understanding of endosomal pathways involved in the extracellular release of HCV particles and the development of novel antiviral strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Muchamad Ridotu Solichin
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dewa Nyoman Murti Adyaksa
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Maria Alethea Septianastiti
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rhamadianti Aulia Fitri
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Gede Ngurah Rsi Suwardan
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali 80361, Indonesia
| | - Chieko Matsui
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Takayuki Abe
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Ikuo Shoji
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; (L.D.); (D.N.M.A.); (M.A.S.); (T.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao L, Deng H, Yang Q, Tang Y, Zhao J, Li P, Zhang S, Yong X, Li T, Billadeau DD, Jia D. FAM91A1-TBC1D23 complex structure reveals human genetic variations susceptible for PCH. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2309910120. [PMID: 37903274 PMCID: PMC10636324 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309910120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is a group of rare neurodevelopmental disorders with limited diagnostic and therapeutic options. Mutations in WDR11, a subunit of the FAM91A1 complex, have been found in patients with PCH-like symptoms; however, definitive evidence that the mutations are causal is still lacking. Here, we show that depletion of FAM91A1 results in developmental defects in zebrafish similar to that of TBC1D23, an established PCH gene. FAM91A1 and TBC1D23 directly interact with each other and cooperate to regulate endosome-to-Golgi trafficking of KIAA0319L, a protein known to regulate axonal growth. Crystal structure of the FAM91A1-TBC1D23 complex reveals that TBC1D23 binds to a conserved surface on FAM91A1 by assuming a Z-shaped conformation. More importantly, the interaction between FAM91A1 and TBC1D23 can be used to predict the risk of certain TBC1D23-associated mutations to PCH. Collectively, our study provides a molecular basis for the interaction between TBC1D23 and FAM91A1 and suggests that disrupted endosomal trafficking underlies multiple PCH subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Huaqing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Sitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Xin Yong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Tianxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| | - Daniel D. Billadeau
- Division of Oncology Research and Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN55905
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu X, Liu Z, Wang C, Miao J, Zhou S, Ren Q, Jia N, Zhou L, Liu Y. Kidney tubular epithelial cells control interstitial fibroblast fate by releasing TNFAIP8-encapsulated exosomes. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:672. [PMID: 37828075 PMCID: PMC10570316 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis, characterized by the activation and expansion of the matrix-producing fibroblasts, is the common outcome of chronic kidney disease (CKD). While fibroblast proliferation is well studied in CKD, little is known about the regulation and mechanism of fibroblast depletion. Here, we show that exosomes derived from stressed/injured tubules play a pivotal role in dictating fibroblast apoptosis and fate. When human kidney tubular cells (HK-2) were stimulated with TGF-β1, they produced and released increased amounts of exosomes (TGFβ-Exo), which prevented renal interstitial fibroblasts from apoptosis. In vivo, injections of TGFβ-Exo promoted renal fibroblast survival, whereas blockade of exosome secretion accelerated fibroblast apoptosis in obstructive nephropathy. Proteomics profiling identified the tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8) as a key component enriched in TGFβ-Exo. TNFAIP8 was induced in renal tubular epithelium and enriched in the exosomes from fibrotic kidneys. Knockdown of TNFAIP8 in tubular cells abolished the ability of TGFβ-Exo to prevent fibroblast apoptosis. In vivo, gain- or loss- of TNFAIP8 prevented or aggravated renal fibroblast apoptosis after obstructive injury. Mechanistically, exosomal-TNFAIP8 promoted p53 ubiquitination leading to its degradation, thereby inhibiting fibroblasts apoptosis and inducing their proliferation. Collectively, these results indicate that tubule-derived exosomes play a critical role in controlling the size of fibroblast population during renal fibrogenesis through shuttling TNFAIP8 to block p53 signaling. Strategies to target exosomes may be effective strategies for the therapy of fibrotic CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guzewska MM, Szuszkiewicz J, Kaczmarek MM. Extracellular vesicles: Focus on peri-implantation period of pregnancy in pigs. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:634-645. [PMID: 36645872 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of cell-to-cell communication between the endometrium and the developing embryo is the most important step in successful mammalian pregnancy. Close interaction between the uterine luminal epithelium and trophoblast cells requires triggering timely molecular dialog for successful maternal recognition of pregnancy, embryo implantation, and placenta development. Quite recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying unique molecular cargo emerged as evolutionarily conserved mediators of cell-to-cell communication during early pregnancy. To date, the presence of EVs at the embryo-maternal interface has been demonstrated in numerous mammals, including domestic livestock, such as pigs. However, few studies have focused on revealing the mechanism of EV-mediated crosstalk between developing early embryos and receptive endometrium. Over the past years, it has appeared that understanding the role of EVs in mammalian reproduction can substantially improve our understanding of the biological challenges of successful reproductive performance. This review describes current knowledge of EVs, specifically in relation to the peri-implantation period in pigs, characterized by common features of embryo implantation and high embryonic mortality in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Guzewska
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Szuszkiewicz
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika M Kaczmarek
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Adisornkanj P, Chanprasit R, Eliason S, Fons JM, Intachai W, Tongsima S, Olsen B, Arold ST, Ngamphiw C, Amendt BA, Tucker AS, Kantaputra P. Genetic Variants in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 23 Are Responsible for Mesiodens Formation. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:393. [PMID: 36979085 PMCID: PMC10045488 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
A mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth located in the midline of the premaxilla. To investigate the genetic cause of mesiodens, clinical and radiographic examination were performed on 23 family members of a two-generation Hmong family. Whole exome sequencing (WES) or Sanger sequencing were performed in 22 family members and two unrelated Thai patients with mesiodens. WES in the Hmong family revealed a missense mutation (c.1807G>A;p.Glu603Lys) in PTPN23 in seven affected members and six unaffected members. The mode of inheritance was autosomal dominance with incomplete penetrance (53.84%). Two additional mutations in PTPN23, c.2248C>G;p.Pro750Ala and c.3298C>T;p.Arg1100Cys were identified in two unrelated patients with mesiodens. PTPN23 is a regulator of endosomal trafficking functioning to move activated membrane receptors, such as EGFR, from the endosomal sorting complex towards the ESCRT-III complex for multivesicular body biogenesis, lysosomal degradation, and subsequent downregulation of receptor signaling. Immunohistochemical study and RNAscope on developing mouse embryos showed broad expression of PTPN23 in oral tissues, while immunofluorescence showed that EGFR was specifically concentrated in the midline epithelium. Importantly, PTPN23 mutant protein was shown to have reduced phosphatase activity. In conclusion, mesiodens were associated with genetic variants in PTPN23, suggesting that mesiodens may form due to defects in endosomal trafficking, leading to disrupted midline signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ploy Adisornkanj
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Rajit Chanprasit
- Dental Department, Wiang Kaen Hospital, Wiang Kaen, Chiang Rai 57310, Thailand
| | - Steven Eliason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Juan M. Fons
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, Floor 27 Guy’ Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Worrachet Intachai
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Bjorn Olsen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stefan T. Arold
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Structural Biology, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, National Centre for Scientific Research, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Brad A. Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Abigail S. Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, Floor 27 Guy’ Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Piranit Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Onal T, Ozgul-Onal M, Chefetz I. Mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase: Conventional (necroptosis) and unconventional (necroptosis-independent) functions and features. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 134:225-243. [PMID: 36858737 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) is the terminal and indispensable mediator of necroptosis. Necroptosis, also known as programmed cell necrosis, is a caspase-independent cell death mechanism involved in various pathologic and inflammatory processes. Triggering necroptosis could be an alternative approach in treating apoptosis-resistant cancer cells to prevent recurrent disease. In addition to its function in necroptosis, MLKL plays a role as a regulator in many cellular processes independent of necroptosis. A better understanding of the intracellular function of MLKL and its role in various diseases and pathologic conditions is needed to enable discovery of new targeted therapies. Various necroptosis-dependent and independent functions of MLKL are reviewed in this chapter, with a focus on functions of MLKL in necroptosis, autophagy, inflammation, tissue regeneration, and endosomal trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuna Onal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey; The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
| | - Melike Ozgul-Onal
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Ilana Chefetz
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li QK, Hu Y, Chen L, Schnaubelt M, Cui Zhou D, Li Y, Lu RJH, Thiagarajan M, Hostetter G, Newton CJ, Jewell SD, Omenn G, Robles AI, Mesri M, Bathe OF, Zhang B, Ding L, Hruban RH, Chan DW, Zhang H. Neoplastic cell enrichment of tumor tissues using coring and laser microdissection for proteomic and genomic analyses of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:36. [PMID: 36266629 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of differentially expressed tumor-associated proteins and genomic alterations driving neoplasia is critical in the development of clinical assays to detect cancers and forms the foundation for understanding cancer biology. One of the challenges in the analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the low neoplastic cellularity and heterogeneous composition of bulk tumors. To enrich neoplastic cells from bulk tumor tissue, coring, and laser microdissection (LMD) sampling techniques have been employed. In this study, we assessed the protein and KRAS mutation changes associated with samples obtained by these enrichment techniques and evaluated the fraction of neoplastic cells in PDAC for proteomic and genomic analyses. METHODS Three fresh frozen PDAC tumors and their tumor-matched normal adjacent tissues (NATs) were obtained from three sampling techniques using bulk, coring, and LMD; and analyzed by TMT-based quantitative proteomics. The protein profiles and characterizations of differentially expressed proteins in three sampling groups were determined. These three PDACs and samples of five additional PDACs obtained by the same three sampling techniques were also subjected to genomic analysis to characterize KRAS mutations. RESULTS The neoplastic cellularity of eight PDACs ranged from less than 10% to over 80% based on morphological review. Distinctive proteomic patterns and abundances of certain tumor-associated proteins were revealed when comparing the tumors and NATs by different sampling techniques. Coring and bulk tissues had comparable proteome profiles, while LMD samples had the most distinct proteome composition compared to bulk tissues. Further genomic analysis of bulk, cored, or LMD samples demonstrated that KRAS mutations were significantly enriched in LMD samples while coring was less effective in enriching for KRAS mutations when bulk tissues contained a relatively low neoplastic cellularity. CONCLUSIONS In addition to bulk tissues, samples from LMD and coring techniques can be used for proteogenomic studies. The greatest enrichment of neoplastic cellularity is obtained with the LMD technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Kay Li
- Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University, 400 N Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 4011, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Yingwei Hu
- Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University, 400 N Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 4011, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University, 400 N Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 4011, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Michael Schnaubelt
- Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University, 400 N Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 4011, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Daniel Cui Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Washington University at Saint Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Department of Oncology, Washington University at Saint Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rita Jui-Hsien Lu
- Department of Oncology, Washington University at Saint Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mathangi Thiagarajan
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gil Omenn
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ana I Robles
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mehdi Mesri
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Oliver F Bathe
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Oncology, Washington University at Saint Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University, 400 N Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 4011, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University, 400 N Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 4011, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University, 400 N Broadway, Smith Bldg Rm 4011, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Deng T, He Z, Duan X, Gu D, Cai C, Wu W, Liu Y, Zeng G. STAM Prolongs Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients' Survival via Inhibiting Cell Growth and Invasion. Front Oncol 2021; 11:611081. [PMID: 33959493 PMCID: PMC8093442 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.611081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Signal transducing adaptor molecule 1 (STAM1) was considered to mediate cell growth and be involved in multiple signaling pathways; however, no research on the role of STAM1 in any tumors has been published yet. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of STAM1 for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its role in modulating cancer cell function. Methods: Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) in December 2019 were used to examine the role of STAM1 in indicating ccRCC patients' survival. A purchased tissue microarray (TM) and fresh ccRCC renal tissues were used for further validation. Then, STAM1 was overexpressed in human ccRCC cell lines for in vitro assays. Finally, bioinformatics was performed for STAM1 protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction and functional analyses. Results: A total of 539 ccRCC and 72 control samples were included for the TCGA cohort, and 149 ccRCC and 29 control slices were included for the TM cohort. In the TCGA and TM cohorts, we found that STAM1 expression was lower in ccRCC compared with normal adjacent non-cancerous renal tissues (P < 0.0001 for both cohorts). STAM1 downregulation was also related to significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (P < 0.0001 for both cohorts). In the TCGA cohort, reduced STAM1 expression was also associated with aggressive features of the tumor. Under multivariate analyses, STAM1 was demonstrated to be an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC survival in both TCGA (HR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.84, P = 0.007) and TM cohorts (HR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04–0.32, P < 0.001). Our in vitro experiments showed that STAM1 inhibited cell viability, invasion, and migration in ccRCC cell lines. In PPI network, 10 candidate genes categorized into five biological processes were found to be closely related to STAM1. Conclusion: STAM1 is a promising prognostic biomarker for predicting ccRCC survival outcomes. Preliminary pathogenesis is demonstrated by our in vitro experiments. Further pathological mechanisms of STAM1 in modulating ccRCC require comprehensive laboratory and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Deng
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao He
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Duan
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Gu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongda Liu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pregnancy-Related Extracellular Vesicles Revisited. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083904. [PMID: 33918880 PMCID: PMC8068855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles ranging from 20–200 nm to 10 μm in diameter that are discharged and taken in by many different types of cells. Depending on the nature and quantity of their content—which generally includes proteins, lipids as well as microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger-RNA (mRNA), and DNA—these particles can bring about functional modifications in the receiving cells. During pregnancy, placenta and/or fetal-derived EVs have recently been isolated, eliciting interest in discovering their clinical significance. To date, various studies have associated variations in the circulating levels of maternal and fetal EVs and their contents, with complications including gestational diabetes and preeclampsia, ultimately leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, EVs have also been identified as messengers and important players in viral infections during pregnancy, as well as in various congenital malformations. Their presence can be detected in the maternal blood from the first trimester and their level increases towards term, thus acting as liquid biopsies that give invaluable insight into the status of the feto-placental unit. However, their exact roles in the metabolic and vascular adaptations associated with physiological and pathological pregnancy is still under investigation. Analyzing peer-reviewed journal articles available in online databases, the purpose of this review is to synthesize current knowledge regarding the utility of quantification of pregnancy related EVs in general and placental EVs in particular as non-invasive evidence of placental dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and to develop the current understanding of these particles and their applicability in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
12
|
Why Cells and Viruses Cannot Survive without an ESCRT. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030483. [PMID: 33668191 PMCID: PMC7995964 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular organelles enwrapped in membranes along with a complex network of vesicles trafficking in, out and inside the cellular environment are one of the main features of eukaryotic cells. Given their central role in cell life, compartmentalization and mechanisms allowing their maintenance despite continuous crosstalk among different organelles have been deeply investigated over the past years. Here, we review the multiple functions exerted by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery in driving membrane remodeling and fission, as well as in repairing physiological and pathological membrane damages. In this way, ESCRT machinery enables different fundamental cellular processes, such as cell cytokinesis, biogenesis of organelles and vesicles, maintenance of nuclear–cytoplasmic compartmentalization, endolysosomal activity. Furthermore, we discuss some examples of how viruses, as obligate intracellular parasites, have evolved to hijack the ESCRT machinery or part of it to execute/optimize their replication cycle/infection. A special emphasis is given to the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) interaction with the ESCRT proteins, considering the peculiarities of this interplay and the need for HSV-1 to cross both the nuclear-cytoplasmic and the cytoplasmic-extracellular environment compartmentalization to egress from infected cells.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Z, Wang X. miR-122-5p promotes aggression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in triple-negative breast cancer by suppressing charged multivesicular body protein 3 through mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:2825-2835. [PMID: 31541468 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly metastatic and frequently has a poor prognosis. The lack of comprehension of TNBC and gene therapy targets has led to limitedly effective treatment for TNBC. This study was conducted to better understand the molecular mechanism behind TNBC progression, and to find out promising gene therapy targets for TNBC. Herein the influence of miR-122-5p's binding charged multivesicular body protein 3 (CHMP3) 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) on in TNBC cells was investigated. in vitro experiments quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot analysis, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, cell counting assay, transwell invasion assay, and flow cytometry-determined cell apoptosis assay were employed. We also used TargetScan Human 7.2 database to find out the target relationship between miR-122-5p and CHMP3 3'-UTR. TImer algorithm was used to provide an overview of the expression of CHMP3 gene across human pan-cancer, to predict the survival outcome of breast cancer patients, and to predict the correlation between CHMP3 gene expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related gene expression. CHMP3 gene was significantly downregulated across a wide range of human cancers including breast cancer (BRCA). A higher level of CHMP3 gene predicted a better 3- and 5-year survival outcome of patients with BRCA. In our experiments, miR-122-5p was significantly upregulated and CHMP3 gene was significantly downregulated in TNBC cells compared with normal cell line. miR-122-5p mimics enhanced TNBC cell viability, proliferation, and invasion whereas the upregulation of CHMP3 gene led to an opposite outcome. Forced expression of miR-122-5p suppressed cell apoptosis, compelled EMT and MAPK signaling whereas forced expression of CHMP3 did the opposite. We then conclude that miR-122-5p promotes aggression and EMT in TNBC by suppressing CHMP3 through MAPK signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chin TM, Boopathy GTK, Man EP, Clohessy JG, Csizmadia E, Quinlan MP, Putti T, Wan SC, Xie C, Ali A, Wai FC, Ong YS, Goh BC, Settleman J, Hong W, Levantini E, Tenen DG. Targeting microtubules sensitizes drug resistant lung cancer cells to lysosomal pathway inhibitors. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2727-2743. [PMID: 32194831 PMCID: PMC7052910 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-addicted cancers are predominantly driven by specific oncogenic pathways and display initial exquisite sensitivity to designer therapies, but eventually become refractory to treatments. Clear understanding of lung tumorigenic mechanisms is essential for improved therapies. Methods: Lysosomes were analyzed in EGFR-WT and mutant cells and corresponding patient samples using immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Microtubule organization and dynamics were studied using immunofluorescence analyses. Also, we have validated our findings in a transgenic mouse model that contain EGFR-TKI resistant mutations. Results: We herein describe a novel mechanism that a mutated kinase disrupts the microtubule organization and results in a defective endosomal/lysosomal pathway. This prevents the efficient degradation of phosphorylated proteins that become trapped within the endosomes and continue to signal, therefore amplifying downstream proliferative and survival pathways. Phenotypically, a distinctive subcellular appearance of LAMP1 secondary to microtubule dysfunction in cells expressing EGFR kinase mutants is seen, and this may have potential diagnostic applications for the detection of such mutants. We demonstrate that lysosomal-inhibitors re-sensitize resistant cells to EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Identifying the endosome-lysosome pathway and microtubule dysfunction as a mechanism of resistance allows to pharmacologically intervene on this pathway. Conclusions: We find that the combination of microtubule stabilizing agent and lysosome inhibitor could reduce the tumor progression in EGFR TKI resistant mouse models of lung cancer.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu X, Miao J, Wang C, Zhou S, Chen S, Ren Q, Hong X, Wang Y, Hou FF, Zhou L, Liu Y. Tubule-derived exosomes play a central role in fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2019; 97:1181-1195. [PMID: 32139089 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes are involved in mediating cell-cell communication by shuttling an assortment of proteins and genetic information. Here, we tested whether renal tubule-derived exosomes play a central role in mediating kidney fibrosis. The production of exosomes was found to be increased in the early stage of unilateral ureteral obstruction, ischemia reperfusion injury or 5/6 nephrectomy models of kidney disease. Exosome production occurred primarily in renal proximal tubular epithelium and was accompanied by induction of sonic hedgehog (Shh). In vitro, upon stimulation with transforming growth factor-β1, kidney proximal tubular cells (HKC-8) increased exosome production. Purified exosomes from these cells were able to induce renal interstitial fibroblast (NRK-49F) activation. Conversely, pharmacologic inhibition of exosome secretion with dimethyl amiloride, depletion of exosome from the conditioned media or knockdown of Shh expression abolished the ability of transforming growth factor-β1-treated HKC-8 cells to induce NRK-49F activation. In vivo, injections of tubular cell-derived exosomes aggravated kidney injury and fibrosis, which was negated by an Shh signaling inhibitor. Blockade of exosome secretion in vivo ameliorated renal fibrosis after either ischemic or obstructive injury. Furthermore, knockdown of Rab27a, a protein that is essential for exosome formation, also preserved kidney function and attenuated renal fibrotic lesions in mice. Thus, our results suggest that tubule-derived exosomes play an essential role in renal fibrogenesis through shuttling Shh ligand. Hence, strategies targeting exosomes could be a new avenue in developing therapeutics against renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hoffman HK, Fernandez MV, Groves NS, Freed EO, van Engelenburg SB. Genomic tagging of endogenous human ESCRT-I complex preserves ESCRT-mediated membrane-remodeling functions. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16266-16281. [PMID: 31519756 PMCID: PMC6827313 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery drives membrane scission for diverse cellular functions that require budding away from the cytosol, including cell division and transmembrane receptor trafficking and degradation. The ESCRT machinery is also hijacked by retroviruses, such as HIV-1, to release virions from infected cells. The crucial roles of the ESCRTs in cellular physiology and viral disease make it imperative to understand the membrane scission mechanism. Current methodological limitations, namely artifacts caused by overexpression of ESCRT subunits, obstruct our understanding of the spatiotemporal organization of the endogenous human ESCRT machinery. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in to tag the critical ESCRT-I component tumor susceptibility 101 (Tsg101) with GFP at its native locus in two widely used human cell types, HeLa epithelial cells and Jurkat T cells. We validated this approach by assessing the function of these knock-in cell lines in cytokinesis, receptor degradation, and virus budding. Using this probe, we measured the incorporation of endogenous Tsg101 in released HIV-1 particles, supporting the notion that the ESCRT machinery initiates virus abscission by scaffolding early-acting ESCRT-I within the head of the budding virus. We anticipate that these validated cell lines will be a valuable tool for interrogating dynamics of the native human ESCRT machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huxley K Hoffman
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210
| | - Melissa V Fernandez
- Virus-Cell Interaction Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Nicholas S Groves
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210
| | - Eric O Freed
- Virus-Cell Interaction Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Schuyler B van Engelenburg
- Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Duijvesz D, Rodriguez‐Blanco G, Hoogland AM, Verhoef EI, Dekker LJ, Roobol MJ, van Leenders GJLH, Luider TM, Jenster G. Differential tissue expression of extracellular vesicle-derived proteins in prostate cancer. Prostate 2019; 79:1032-1042. [PMID: 31018022 PMCID: PMC6594141 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from prostate cancer (PCa) and normal prostate cell lines, led to the identification of new candidate PCa markers. These proteins included the nuclear exportin proteins XPO1 (also known as CRM1), the EV-associated PDCD6IP (also known as ALIX), and the previously published fatty acid synthase FASN. In this study, we investigated differences in expression of XPO1 and PDCD6IP on well-characterized prostate cancer cohorts using mass spectrometry and tissue microarray (TMA) immunohistochemistry to determine their diagnostic and prognostic value. METHODS Protein fractions from 67 tissue samples (n = 33 normal adjacent prostate [NAP] and n = 34 PCa) were analyzed by mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS-MS). Label-free quantification of EVs was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins between PCa and NAP. Prognostic evaluation of the candidate markers was performed with a TMA, containing 481 radical prostatectomy samples. Samples were stained for the candidate markers and correlated with patient information and clinicopathological outcome. RESULTS XPO1 was higher expressed in PCa compared to NAP in the MS data analysis (P > 0.0001). PDCD6IP was not significantly higher expressed (P = 0.0501). High cytoplasmic XPO1 staining in the TMA immunohistochemistry, correlated in a multivariable model with high Gleason scores (P = 0.002) and PCa-related death (P = 0.009). CONCLUSION High expression of cytoplasmic XPO1 shows correlation with prostate cancer and has added clinical value in tissue samples. Furthermore, as an extracellular vesicles-associated protein, it might be a novel relevant liquid biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diederick Duijvesz
- Department of UrologyErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of UrologyCanisius Wilhelmina HospitalNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - A. Marije Hoogland
- Department of PathologyErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of PathologyIsala ClinicsZwolleThe Netherlands
| | - Esther I. Verhoef
- Department of PathologyErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lennard J. Dekker
- Department of NeurologyErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Theo M. Luider
- Department of NeurologyErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Guido Jenster
- Department of UrologyErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ahmed I, Akram Z, Iqbal HMN, Munn AL. The regulation of Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport and accessory proteins in multivesicular body sorting and enveloped viral budding - An overview. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 127:1-11. [PMID: 30615963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) machinery drives different cellular processes such as endosomal sorting, organelle biogenesis, vesicular trafficking, maintenance of plasma membrane integrity, membrane fission during cytokinesis and enveloped virus budding. The normal cycle of assembly and disassembly of some ESCRT complexes at the membrane requires the AAA-ATPase vacuolar protein sorting 4 (Vps4p). A number of ESCRT proteins are hijacked by clinically significant enveloped viruses including Ebola, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to enable enveloped virus budding and Vps4p provides energy for the disassembly/recycling of these ESCRT proteins. Several years ago, the failure of the terminal budding process of HIV following Vps4 protein inhibition was published; although at that time a detailed understanding of the molecular players was missing. However, later it was acknowledged that the ESCRT machinery has a role in enveloped virus budding from cells due to its role in the multivesicular body (MVB) sorting pathway. The MVB sorting pathway facilitates several cellular activities in uninfected cells, such as the down-regulation of signaling through cell surface receptors as well as the process of viral budding from infected host cells. In this review, we focus on summarising the functional organisation of ESCRT proteins at the membrane and the role of ESCRT machinery and Vps4p during MVB sorting and enveloped viral budding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishtiaq Ahmed
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University (Gold Coast campus), Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Zain Akram
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University (Gold Coast campus), Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N. L. CP 64849, Mexico
| | - Alan L Munn
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University (Gold Coast campus), Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chua HH, Kameyama T, Mayeda A, Yeh TH. Cancer-Specifically Re-Spliced TSG101 mRNA Promotes Invasion and Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E773. [PMID: 30759747 PMCID: PMC6387056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TSG101 (Tumor susceptibility 101) gene and its aberrantly spliced isoform, termed TSG101∆154-1054, are tightly linked to tumorigenesis in various cancers. The aberrant TSG101∆154-1054 mRNA is generated from cancer-specific re-splicing of mature TSG101 mRNA. The TSG101∆154-1054 protein protects the full-length TSG101 protein from ubiquitin-mediated degradation, implicating TSG101∆154-1054 protein in the progression of cancer. Here, we confirmed that the presence of TSG101∆154-1054 mRNA indeed caused an accumulation of the TSG101 protein in biopsies of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which was recapitulated by the overexpression of TSG101∆154-1054 in the NPC cell line TW01. We demonstrate the potential function of the TSG101∆154-1054 protein in the malignancy of human NPC with scratch-wound healing and transwell invasion assays. By increasing the stability of the TSG101 protein, TSG101∆154-1054 specifically enhanced TSG101-mediated TW01 cell migration and invasion, suggesting the involvement in NPC metastasis in vivo. This finding sheds light on the functional significance of TSG101∆154-1054 generation via re-splicing of TSG101 mRNA in NPC metastasis and hints at its potential importance as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Huey Chua
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Toshiki Kameyama
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Te-Huei Yeh
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
TSGΔ154-1054 splice variant increases TSG101 oncogenicity by inhibiting its E3-ligase-mediated proteasomal degradation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8240-52. [PMID: 26811492 PMCID: PMC4884989 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) elicits an array of cellular functions, including promoting cytokinesis, cell cycle progression and proliferation, as well as facilitating endosomal trafficking and viral budding. TSG101 protein is highly and aberrantly expressed in various human cancers. Specifically, a TSG101 splicing variant missing nucleotides 154 to 1054 (TSGΔ154-1054), which is linked to progressive tumor-stage and metastasis, has puzzled investigators for more than a decade. TSG101-associated E3 ligase (Tal)- and MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation are the two major routes for posttranslational regulation of the total amount of TSG101. We reveal that overabundance of TSG101 results from TSGΔ154-1054 stabilizing the TSG101 protein by competitively binding to Tal, but not MDM2, thereby perturbing the Tal interaction with TSG101 and impeding subsequent polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of TSG101. TSGΔ154-1054 therefore specifically enhances TSG101-stimulated cell proliferation, clonogenicity, and tumor growth in nude mice. This finding shows the functional significance of TSGΔ154-1054 in preventing the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolysis of TSG101, which increases tumor malignancy and hints at its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
21
|
Exosome-associated release, uptake, and neurotoxicity of HIV-1 Tat protein. J Neurovirol 2016; 22:774-788. [PMID: 27173397 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-016-0451-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 Tat is an indispensible transactivator for HIV gene transcription and replication. It has been shown to exit cells as a free protein and enter neighboring cells or interact with surface receptors of neighboring cells to regulate gene expression and cell function. In this study, we report, for the first time, exosome-associated Tat release and uptake. Using a HIV-1 LTR-driven luciferase reporter-based cell assay and Western blotting or in combination with exosome inhibitor, OptiPrep gradient fractionation, and exosome depletion, we demonstrated significant presence of HIV-1 Tat in exosomes derived from Tat-expressing primary astrocytes, Tat-transfected U373.MG and 293T, and HIV-infected MT4. We further showed that exosome-associated Tat from Tat-expressing astrocytes was capable of causing neurite shortening and neuron death, further supporting that this new form of extracellular Tat is biologically active. Lastly, we constructed a Tat mutant deleted of its basic domain and determined the role of the basic domain in Tat trafficking into exosomes. Basic domain-deleted Tat exhibited no apparent effects on Tat trafficking into exosomes, while maintained its dominant-negative function in Tat-mediated LTR transactivation. Taken together, these results show a significant fraction of Tat is secreted and present in the form of exosomes and may contribute to the stability of extracellular Tat and broaden the spectrum of its target cells.
Collapse
|
22
|
Oshima R, Hasegawa T, Tamai K, Sugeno N, Yoshida S, Kobayashi J, Kikuchi A, Baba T, Futatsugi A, Sato I, Satoh K, Takeda A, Aoki M, Tanaka N. ESCRT-0 dysfunction compromises autophagic degradation of protein aggregates and facilitates ER stress-mediated neurodegeneration via apoptotic and necroptotic pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24997. [PMID: 27112194 PMCID: PMC4845015 DOI: 10.1038/srep24997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal sorting required for transport (ESCRT) complexes orchestrate endo-lysosomal sorting of ubiquitinated proteins, multivesicular body formation and autophagic degradation. Defects in the ESCRT pathway have been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms that link them to neurodegeneration remain unknown. In this study, we showed that forebrain-specific ablation of ESCRT-0/Hrs induced marked hippocampal neuronal cell loss accompanied by the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, including α-synuclein, TDP-43 and huntingtin as well as the autophagic substrate SQSTM1/p62. Consistent with this, silencing of Hrs in cultured cells not only led to α-synuclein and TDP-43 accumulation in addition to impaired autophagic flux but also suppressed cell viability through the induction of ER stress followed by the activation of JNK and RIPK1, a key regulator of necroptosis. Moreover, necrostatin-1, a specific inhibitor of RIPK1, and pan-caspase inhibitors partially reduced the neurotoxicity in the Hrs-silenced cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that the disruption of ESCRT-0/Hrs in the nervous system compromises autophagic/lysosomal degradation of neurodegenerative disease-related proteins, which thereby triggers ER stress-mediated apoptotic and necroptotic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Oshima
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.,Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hasegawa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tamai
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Naoto Sugeno
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shun Yoshida
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Junpei Kobayashi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akio Kikuchi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toru Baba
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akira Futatsugi
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Kobe City College of Nursing, Hyogo 651-2103, Japan
| | - Ikuro Sato
- Division of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Kennichi Satoh
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takeda
- Department of Neurology, Sendai-Nishitaga Hospital, Sendai 982-8555, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Miyazaki T, Ikeda Y, Kubo I, Suganuma S, Fujita N, Itakura M, Hayashi T, Takabayashi S, Katoh H, Ohira Y, Sato M, Noguchi M, Tokumoto T. Identification of genomic locus responsible for experimentally induced testicular teratoma 1 (ett1) on mouse Chr 18. Mamm Genome 2014; 25:317-26. [PMID: 24997020 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-014-9529-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous testicular teratomas (STTs) composed by various kinds of tissues are derived from primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the fetal testes of the mouse. In contrast, intra-testicular grafts of the mouse strain (129/Sv-Ter (+/+)) fetal testes possessed the ability to develop the experimental testicular teratomas (ETTs), indistinguishable from the STTs at a morphological level. In this study, linkage analysis was performed for exploration of possible candidate genes involving in ETT development using F2 intercross fetuses derived from [LTXBJ × 129/Sv-Ter (+/+)] F1 hybrids. Linkage analysis with selected simple sequence length polymorphisms along chromosomes 18 and 19, which have been expected to contain ETT-susceptibility loci, demonstrated that a novel recessive candidate gene responsible for ETT development is located in 1.1 Mb region between the SSLP markers D18Mit81 and D18Mit184 on chromosome 18 in the 129/Sv-Ter (+/+) genetic background. Since this locus is different from the previously known loci (including Ter, pgct1, and Tgct1) for STT development, we named this novel gene "experimental testicular teratoma 1 (ett1)". To resolve the location of ett1 independently from other susceptibility loci, ett1 loci was introduced in a congenic strain in which the distal segment of chromosome 18 in LTXBJ strain mice had been replaced by a 1.99 Mbp genomic segment of the 129/Sv-Ter (+/+) mice. Congenic males homozygous for the ett1 loci were confirmed to have the ability to form ETTs, indicating that this locus contain the gene responsible for ETTs. We listed candidate genes included in this region, and discussed about their possible involvement in induction of ETTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Miyazaki
- Biological Science Course, Graduate School of Science, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hepatocyte growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase substrate in the peripheral development and function of B-cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:351-6. [PMID: 24246674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (Hrs) is a vesicular sorting protein that functions as one of the endosomal-sorting proteins required for transport (ESCRT). Hrs, which binds to ubiquitinated proteins through its ubiquitin-interacting motif (UIM), contributes to the lysosomal transport and degradation of ubiquitinated membrane proteins. However, little is known about the relationship between B-cell functions and ESCRT proteins in vivo. Here we examined the immunological roles of Hrs in B-cell development and functions using B-cell-specific Hrs-deficient (Hrs(flox/flox);mb1(cre/)(+):Hrs-cKO) mice, which were generated using a cre-LoxP recombination system. Hrs deficiency in B-cells significantly reduced T-cell-dependent antibody production in vivo and impaired the proliferation of B-cells treated in vitro with an anti-IgM monoclonal antibody but not with LPS. Although early development of B-cells in the bone marrow was normal in Hrs-cKO mice, there was a significant decrease in the number of the peripheral transitional B-cells and marginal zone B-cells in the spleen of Hrs-cKO mice. These results indicate that Hrs plays important roles during peripheral development and physiological functions of B lymphocytes.
Collapse
|
25
|
Kon S, Minegishi N, Tanabe K, Watanabe T, Funaki T, Wong WF, Sakamoto D, Higuchi Y, Kiyonari H, Asano K, Iwakura Y, Fukumoto M, Osato M, Sanada M, Ogawa S, Nakamura T, Satake M. Smap1 deficiency perturbs receptor trafficking and predisposes mice to myelodysplasia. J Clin Invest 2013; 123:1123-37. [PMID: 23434593 DOI: 10.1172/jci63711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of clathrin-coated vesicles is essential for intracellular membrane trafficking between subcellular compartments and is triggered by the ARF family of small GTPases. We previously identified SMAP1 as an ARF6 GTPase-activating protein that functions in clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Because abnormalities in clathrin-dependent trafficking are often associated with oncogenesis, we targeted Smap1 in mice to examine its physiological and pathological significance. Smap1-deficent mice exhibited healthy growth, but their erythroblasts showed enhanced transferrin endocytosis. In mast cells cultured in SCF, Smap1 deficiency did not affect the internalization of c-KIT but impaired the sorting of internalized c-KIT from multivesicular bodies to lysosomes, resulting in intracellular accumulation of undegraded c-KIT that was accompanied by enhanced activation of ERK and increased cell growth. Interestingly, approximately 50% of aged Smap1-deficient mice developed anemia associated with morphologically dysplastic cells of erythroid-myeloid lineage, which are hematological abnormalities similar to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in humans. Furthermore, some Smap1-deficient mice developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) of various subtypes. Collectively, to our knowledge these results provide the first evidence in a mouse model that the deregulation of clathrin-dependent membrane trafficking may be involved in the development of MDS and subsequent AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kon
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sievert H, Venz S, Platas-Barradas O, Dhople VM, Schaletzky M, Nagel CH, Braig M, Preukschas M, Pällmann N, Bokemeyer C, Brümmendorf TH, Pörtner R, Walther R, Duncan KE, Hauber J, Balabanov S. Protein-protein-interaction network organization of the hypusine modification system. Mol Cell Proteomics 2012; 11:1289-305. [PMID: 22888148 PMCID: PMC3494187 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m112.019059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypusine modification of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A) represents a unique and highly specific post-translational modification with regulatory functions in cancer, diabetes, and infectious diseases. However, the specific cellular pathways that are influenced by the hypusine modification remain largely unknown. To globally characterize eIF-5A and hypusine-dependent pathways, we used an approach that combines large-scale bioreactor cell culture with tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry: "bioreactor-TAP-MS/MS." By applying this approach systematically to all four components of the hypusine modification system (eIF-5A1, eIF-5A2, DHS, and DOHH), we identified 248 interacting proteins as components of the cellular hypusine network, with diverse functions including regulation of translation, mRNA processing, DNA replication, and cell cycle regulation. Network analysis of this data set enabled us to provide a comprehensive overview of the protein-protein interaction landscape of the hypusine modification system. In addition, we validated the interaction of eIF-5A with some of the newly identified associated proteins in more detail. Our analysis has revealed numerous novel interactions, and thus provides a valuable resource for understanding how this crucial homeostatic signaling pathway affects different cellular functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henning Sievert
- From the ‡Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Venz
- §Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oscar Platas-Barradas
- ¶Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vishnu M. Dhople
- ‖Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Schaletzky
- ¶Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claus-Henning Nagel
- **Heinrich-Pette-Institute - Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Braig
- From the ‡Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Preukschas
- From the ‡Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nora Pällmann
- From the ‡Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- From the ‡Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim H. Brümmendorf
- ‡‡Clinic for Internal Medicine IV, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Pörtner
- ¶Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Walther
- §Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kent E. Duncan
- §§Neuronal Translational Control Group, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University of Hamburg Medical School, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Hauber
- **Heinrich-Pette-Institute - Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Balabanov
- From the ‡Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumor Zentrum, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- ¶¶Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pálfy M, Reményi A, Korcsmáros T. Endosomal crosstalk: meeting points for signaling pathways. Trends Cell Biol 2012; 22:447-56. [PMID: 22796207 PMCID: PMC3430897 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis participates in downregulating incoming signals, but 'signaling endosomes' may also serve as physical platforms for crosstalk between signaling pathways. Here, we briefly review the role of endosomes in signaling crosstalk and suggest that endosome-associated scaffold proteins mediate this crosstalk. In addition, using a proteome-wide in silico approach - in which we analyze endosome-binding properties and the capacity of candidates to recruit signaling proteins from more than one distinct pathway - we extend the list of putative crosstalk-mediating endosomal scaffolds. Because endosomal crosstalk may be an important systems-level regulator of pathway communication, scaffold proteins that mediate this crosstalk could be potential targets for pharmacological intervention and synthetic engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Máté Pálfy
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. s. 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Attila Reményi
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. s. 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Tamás Korcsmáros
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. s. 1/C, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kameyama T, Suzuki H, Mayeda A. Re-splicing of mature mRNA in cancer cells promotes activation of distant weak alternative splice sites. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:7896-906. [PMID: 22675076 PMCID: PMC3439910 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcripts of the human tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) are aberrantly spliced in many cancers. A major aberrant splicing event on the TSG101 pre-mRNA involves joining of distant alternative 5′ and 3′ splice sites within exon 2 and exon 9, respectively, resulting in the extensive elimination of the mRNA. The estimated strengths of the alternative splice sites are much lower than those of authentic splice sites. We observed that the equivalent aberrant mRNA could be generated from an intron-less TSG101 gene expressed ectopically in breast cancer cells. Remarkably, we identified a pathway-specific endogenous lariat RNA consisting solely of exonic sequences, predicted to be generated by a re-splicing between exon 2 and exon 9 on the spliced mRNA. Our results provide evidence for a two-step splicing pathway in which the initial constitutive splicing removes all 14 authentic splice sites, thereby bringing the weak alternative splice sites into close proximity. We also demonstrate that aberrant multiple-exon skipping of the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) pre-mRNA in cancer cells occurs via re-splicing of spliced FHIT mRNA. The re-splicing of mature mRNA can potentially generate mutation-independent diversity in cancer transcriptomes. Conversely, a mechanism may exist in normal cells to prevent potentially deleterious mRNA re-splicing events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Kameyama
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Graves HK, Woodfield SE, Yang CC, Halder G, Bergmann A. Notch signaling activates Yorkie non-cell autonomously in Drosophila. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37615. [PMID: 22679484 PMCID: PMC3367968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila imaginal epithelia, cells mutant for the endocytic neoplastic tumor suppressor gene vps25 stimulate nearby untransformed cells to express Drosophila Inhibitor-of-Apoptosis-Protein-1 (DIAP-1), conferring resistance to apoptosis non-cell autonomously. Here, we show that the non-cell autonomous induction of DIAP-1 is mediated by Yorkie, the conserved downstream effector of Hippo signaling. The non-cell autonomous induction of Yorkie is due to Notch signaling from vps25 mutant cells. Moreover, activated Notch in normal cells is sufficient to induce non-cell autonomous Yorkie activity in wing imaginal discs. Our data identify a novel mechanism by which Notch promotes cell survival non-cell autonomously and by which neoplastic tumor cells generate a supportive microenvironment for tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary K. Graves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Woodfield
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chih-Chao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Program in Genes and Development, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Georg Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Program in Genes and Development, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andreas Bergmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Program in Genes and Development, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Metcalfe C, Bienz M. Inhibition of GSK3 by Wnt signalling--two contrasting models. J Cell Sci 2012; 124:3537-44. [PMID: 22083140 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.091991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The key read-out of Wnt signalling is a change in the transcriptional profile of the cell, which is driven by β-catenin. β-catenin levels are normally kept low by a phosphorylation event that is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3, α- and β-isoforms), which targets β-catenin for ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. Wnt blocks this phosphorylation event, thereby allowing β-catenin to accumulate and to co-activate transcription in the nucleus. Exactly how Wnt inhibits GSK3 activity towards β-catenin is unclear and has been the focus of intensive research. Recent studies on the role of conserved PPPSPxS motifs in the cytoplasmic tail of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP, isoforms 5 and 6) culminated in a biochemical model: Wnt induces the phosphorylation of LRP6 PPPSPxS motifs, which consequently access the catalytic pocket of GSK3 as pseudo-substrates, thus directly blocking its activity against β-catenin. A distinct cell-biological model was proposed more recently: Wnt proteins induce the uptake of GSK3 into multivesicular bodies (MVBs), an event that sequesters the enzyme away from newly synthesised β-catenin substrate in the cytoplasm, thus blocking its phosphorylation. This new model is based on intriguing observations but also challenges a body of existing evidence, so will require further experimental consolidation. We shall consider whether the two models apply to different modes of Wnt signaling: acute versus chronic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Metcalfe
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lutz D, Wolters-Eisfeld G, Joshi G, Djogo N, Jakovcevski I, Schachner M, Kleene R. Generation and nuclear translocation of sumoylated transmembrane fragment of cell adhesion molecule L1. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:17161-17175. [PMID: 22431726 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.346759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The functions of the cell adhesion molecule L1 in the developing and adult nervous system are triggered by homophilic and heterophilic interactions that stimulate signal transductions that activate cellular responses. Here, we show that stimulation of signaling by function-triggering L1 antibodies or L1-Fc leads to serine protease-dependent cleavage of full-length L1 at the plasma membrane and generation of a sumoylated transmembrane 70-kDa fragment comprising the intracellular and transmembrane domains and part of the extracellular domain. The 70-kDa transmembrane fragment is transported from the plasma membrane to a late endosomal compartment, released from endosomal membranes into the cytoplasm, and transferred from there into the nucleus by a pathway that depends on importin and chromatin-modifying protein 1. Mutation of the sumoylation site at Lys(1172) or of the nuclear localization signal at Lys(1147) abolished L1-stimulated generation or nuclear import of the 70-kDa fragment, respectively. Nuclear import of the 70-kDa fragment may activate cellular responses in parallel or in association with phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathways. Alterations in the levels of the 70-kDa fragment during development and in the adult after spinal cord injury or in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease suggest that this fragment is functionally implicated in development, regeneration, neurodegeneration, tumorigenesis, and possibly synaptic plasticity in the mature nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Lutz
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit Wolters-Eisfeld
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gunjan Joshi
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nevena Djogo
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Igor Jakovcevski
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854; Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Ralf Kleene
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Brankatschk B, Wichert SP, Johnson SD, Schaad O, Rossner MJ, Gruenberg J. Regulation of the EGF transcriptional response by endocytic sorting. Sci Signal 2012; 5:ra21. [PMID: 22416276 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ligand binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the cell surface activates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade. Activated, ligand-bound receptors are internalized, and this process may contribute to termination of signaling or enable signaling from intracellular sites. ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) complexes may contribute to termination of signaling by sorting receptors into intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular endosomes from which the receptors continue into lysosomes for degradation. We showed that depletion of ESCRTs, which causes the retention of the EGFR in endosomes, increased the activation of the EGFR and its downstream kinases but had little effect on the overall profile and amplitude of the EGF-induced transcriptional response. In contrast, interfering with receptor endocytosis or ubiquitination to keep the EGFR at the cell surface stimulated increases in the abundance of many EGF-induced transcripts, similar to those induced by EGFR overexpression. We also found that the complete EGF transcriptional program was rapidly activated after ligand binding to the receptor. We conclude that the transcriptional response is elicited primarily by receptor molecules at the cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Brankatschk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Klann M, Koeppl H, Reuss M. Spatial modeling of vesicle transport and the cytoskeleton: the challenge of hitting the right road. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29645. [PMID: 22253752 PMCID: PMC3257240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane trafficking machinery provides a transport and sorting system for many cellular proteins. We propose a mechanistic agent-based computer simulation to integrate and test the hypothesis of vesicle transport embedded into a detailed model cell. The method tracks both the number and location of the vesicles. Thus both the stochastic properties due to the low numbers and the spatial aspects are preserved. The underlying molecular interactions that control the vesicle actions are included in a multi-scale manner based on the model of Heinrich and Rapoport (2005). By adding motor proteins we can improve the recycling process of SNAREs and model cell polarization. Our model also predicts that coat molecules should have a high turnover at the compartment membranes, while the turnover of motor proteins has to be slow. The modular structure of the underlying model keeps it tractable despite the overall complexity of the vesicle system. We apply our model to receptor-mediated endocytosis and show how a polarized cytoskeleton structure leads to polarized distributions in the plasma membrane both of SNAREs and the Ste2p receptor in yeast. In addition, we can couple signal transduction and membrane trafficking steps in one simulation, which enables analyzing the effect of receptor-mediated endocytosis on signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Klann
- Automatic Control Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wittinger M, Vanhara P, El-Gazzar A, Savarese-Brenner B, Pils D, Anees M, Grunt TW, Sibilia M, Holcmann M, Horvat R, Schemper M, Zeillinger R, Schöfer C, Dolznig H, Horak P, Krainer M. hVps37A Status affects prognosis and cetuximab sensitivity in ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:7816-27. [PMID: 22016507 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although prognostic and predictive factors in ovarian cancer have been extensively studied for decades, only few have been identified and introduced to clinical practice. Here, we evaluate hVps37A (HCRP1) as a possible novel predictive marker for ovarian cancer. hVps37A was originally described as a member of the membrane-trafficking ESCRT-I complex mediating the internalization and degradation of ubiquitinated membrane receptors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed an ovarian cancer tissue microarray for HCRP1, EGFR, and HER2 expression. We used a tetracycline inducible ovarian cancer cell culture model to show the effects of hVps37A knockdown in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we studied the effects of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors cetuximab and lapatinib on ovarian cancer cells under conditions of hVps37A knockdown. RESULTS We find that hVps37A is significantly downregulated in ovarian cancer and modifies the prognostic value of EGFR and HER2 expression. In addition, hVps37A downregulation in ovarian cancer cells leads to cytoplasmic pEGFR retention and hyperactivation of downstream pathways and is associated with enhanced xenograft growth in nude mice and invasion of the collagen matrix. Furthermore, due to subsequent sustained Akt- and MAPK-pathway activation, hVps37A-deficient cells become irresponsive to inhibition by the therapeutic antibody cetuximab. CONCLUSION We propose that hVps37A status could become a novel prognostic and therapeutic marker for EGFR or HER2 driven tumors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Culture Techniques
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cetuximab
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lapatinib
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Prognosis
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- RNA Interference
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tissue Array Analysis
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wittinger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Malerød L, Pedersen NM, Sem Wegner CE, Lobert VH, Leithe E, Brech A, Rivedal E, Liestøl K, Stenmark H. Cargo-dependent degradation of ESCRT-I as a feedback mechanism to modulate endosomal sorting. Traffic 2011; 12:1211-26. [PMID: 21564451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01220.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-mediated lysosomal degradation of growth factor receptors, mediated by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery, is a mechanism that attenuates the cellular response to growth factors. In this article, we present a novel regulatory mechanism that involves ligand-mediated degradation of a key component of the sorting machinery itself. We have investigated the endosomal localization of subunits of the four ESCRTs-Hrs (ESCRT-0), Tsg101 (ESCRT-I), EAP30/Vps22 (ESCRT-II) and charged multivesicular body protein 3/Vps24 (ESCRT-III). All the components were detected on the limiting membrane of multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). Surprisingly, however, Tsg101 and other ESCRT-I subunits were also detected within intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) of MVEs. Tsg101 was sequestered along with cargo during endosomal sorting into ILVs and further degraded in lysosomes. Importantly, ESCRT-mediated downregulation of two distinct cargoes, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and connexin43, mutually made cells refractory to degradation of the other cargo. Our observations indicate that the degradation of a key ESCRT component along with cargo represents a novel feedback control of endosomal sorting by preventing collateral degradation of cell surface receptors following stimulation of one specific pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lene Malerød
- Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Blanchin-Roland S. Identical domains of Yarrowia lipolytica Vps23 are required for both ESCRT and Rim pathways, but the latter needs an interaction between the Vps23 UEV domain and Rim8/PalF. FEMS Yeast Res 2011; 11:473-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2011.00735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
37
|
TAKAHASHI T. Studies on Molecular Mechanism of Toxicity of Anticancer Drugs. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2011; 131:355-8. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.131.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu TAKAHASHI
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Deficiency of sorting nexin 27 (SNX27) leads to growth retardation and elevated levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2C (NR2C). Mol Cell Biol 2011; 31:1734-47. [PMID: 21300787 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01044-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phox (PX) domain-containing sorting nexins (SNXs) are emerging as important regulators of endocytic trafficking. Sorting nexin 27 (SNX27) is unique, as it contains a PDZ (Psd-95/Dlg/ZO1) domain. We show here that SNX27 is primarily targeted to the early endosome by interaction of its PX domain with PtdIns(3)P. Although targeted ablation of the SNX27 gene in mice did not significantly affect growth and survival during embryonic development, SNX27 plays an essential role in postnatal growth and survival. N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor 2C (NR2C) was identified as a novel SNX27-interacting protein, and this interaction is mediated by the PDZ domain of SNX27 and the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif of NR2C. Increased NR2C expression levels, together with impaired NR2C endocytosis in SNX27(-/-) neurons, indicate that SNX27 may function to regulate endocytosis and/or endosomal sorting of NR2C. This is consistent with a role of SNX27 as a general regulator for sorting of membrane proteins containing a PDZ-binding motif, and its absence may alter the trafficking of these proteins, leading to growth and survival defects.
Collapse
|
39
|
Nachury MV, Seeley ES, Jin H. Trafficking to the ciliary membrane: how to get across the periciliary diffusion barrier? Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2010; 26:59-87. [PMID: 19575670 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.113337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The primary cilium organizes numerous signal transduction cascades, and an understanding of signaling receptor trafficking to cilia is now emerging. A defining feature of cilia is the periciliary diffusion barrier that separates the ciliary and plasma membranes. Although lateral transport through this barrier may take place, polarized exocytosis to the base of the cilium has been the prevailing model for delivering membrane proteins to cilia. Key players for this polarized exocytosis model include the GTPases Rab8 and Rab11, the exocyst, and possibly the intraflagellar tranport machinery. In turn, the sorting of membrane proteins to cilia critically relies on the recognition of ciliary targeting signals by sorting machines such as the BBSome coat complex or the GTPase Arf4. Finally, some proteins need to exit from cilia, and ubiquitination may regulate this step. The stage is now set to dissect the interplay between signaling and regulated trafficking to and from cilia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxence V Nachury
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5345, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Davies BA, Azmi IF, Payne J, Shestakova A, Horazdovsky BF, Babst M, Katzmann DJ. Coordination of substrate binding and ATP hydrolysis in Vps4-mediated ESCRT-III disassembly. Mol Biol Cell 2010; 21:3396-408. [PMID: 20702581 PMCID: PMC2947475 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-06-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vps4 disassembly of ESCRT-III plays an important role in MVB sorting, viral budding, and cytokinesis. An in vitro system was developed to investigate this process. These studies revealed new insights into the mechanisms of Vps4 function. ESCRT-III undergoes dynamic assembly and disassembly to facilitate membrane exvagination processes including multivesicular body (MVB) formation, enveloped virus budding, and membrane abscission during cytokinesis. The AAA-ATPase Vps4 is required for ESCRT-III disassembly, however the coordination of Vps4 ATP hydrolysis with ESCRT-III binding and disassembly is not understood. Vps4 ATP hydrolysis has been proposed to execute ESCRT-III disassembly as either a stable oligomer or an unstable oligomer whose dissociation drives ESCRT-III disassembly. An in vitro ESCRT-III disassembly assay was developed to analyze Vps4 function during this process. The studies presented here support a model in which Vps4 acts as a stable oligomer during ATP hydrolysis and ESCRT-III disassembly. Moreover, Vps4 oligomer binding to ESCRT-III induces coordination of ATP hydrolysis at the level of individual Vps4 subunits. These results suggest that Vps4 functions as a stable oligomer that acts upon individual ESCRT-III subunits to facilitate ESCRT-III disassembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Expression pattern of mUBPy in the brain and sensory organs of mouse during embryonic development. Brain Res 2010; 1355:16-30. [PMID: 20633544 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mouse UBPy (mUBPy) belongs to the family of ubiquitin-specific processing proteases (UBPs). In this study we have investigated the expression of mUBPy in the brain and sensory organs of mouse at different embryonic stages (E9, E11, E13, E15, E17, E19) and during the postnatal stages P0, P1, P2, P4 and P5 using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. mUBPy-immunoreactive cell bodies first appeared at stage E11 in several brain regions, particularly in the walls surrounding the vesicles and the ventricles. Subsequently, at stage E13, new mUBPy-positive cells appeared in the corpus striatum, the caudate nucleus, the thalamus, the epithalamus, the hypothalamus and the pons. At E15 the mUBPy pattern was very similar to that observed at E13, whereas at stage E17 mUBPy-immunoreactivity significantly decreased and a high number of mUBPy-immunoreactive cells was found only to line the third ventricle and within the mantle layer of the fourth ventricle. At E19 and P0, no mUBPy-immunoreactive element was found in the brain. At the postnatal stages P2 and P5, mUBPy-positive cells were detected in all subdivisions of the brain, with high concentrations in several cortex regions. Double labeling with the mUBPy antiserum and antisera against specific cell markers showed that the enzyme is expressed both in neurons and astrocytes. Outside the brain, mUBPy was detected, from stage E11, in the eye, within the lens and the cornea, in the inner ear, at the level of the cochlear and vestibular systems and in the olfactory epithelium. The spatio-temporal expression of mUBPy suggests that the enzyme may be involved in neuroregulatory processes during embryogenesis.
Collapse
|
42
|
Shibagaki N, Grossman AR. Binding of cysteine synthase to the STAS domain of sulfate transporter and its regulatory consequences. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:25094-102. [PMID: 20529854 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.126888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The sulfate ion (SO(4)(2-)) is transported into plant root cells by SO(4)(2-) transporters and then mostly reduced to sulfide (S(2-)). The S(2-) is then bonded to O-acetylserine through the activity of cysteine synthase (O-acetylserine (thiol)lyase or OASTL) to form cysteine, the first organic molecule of the SO(4)(2-) assimilation pathway. Here, we show that a root plasma membrane SO(4)(2-) transporter of Arabidopsis, SULTR1;2, physically interacts with OASTL. The interaction was initially demonstrated using a yeast two-hybrid system and corroborated by both in vivo and in vitro binding assays. The domain of SULTR1;2 shown to be important for association with OASTL is called the STAS domain. This domain is at the C terminus of the transporter and extends from the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. The functional relevance of the OASTL-STAS interaction was investigated using yeast mutant cells devoid of endogenous SO(4)(2-) uptake activity but co-expressing SULTR1;2 and OASTL. The analysis of SO(4)(2-) transport in these cells suggests that the binding of OASTL to the STAS domain in this heterologous system negatively impacts transporter activity. In contrast, the activity of purified OASTL measured in vitro was enhanced by co-incubation with the STAS domain of SULTR1;2 but not with the analogous domain of the SO(4)(2-) transporter isoform SULTR1;1, even though the SULTR1;1 STAS peptide also interacts with OASTL based on the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro binding assays. These observations suggest a regulatory model in which interactions between SULTR1;2 and OASTL coordinate internalization of SO(4)(2-) with the energetic/metabolic state of plant root cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nakako Shibagaki
- Department of Plant Biology, The Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Berruti G, Ripolone M, Ceriani M. USP8, a Regulator of Endosomal Sorting, Is Involved in Mouse Acrosome Biogenesis Through Interaction with the Spermatid ESCRT-0 Complex and Microtubules1. Biol Reprod 2010; 82:930-9. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.081679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
44
|
Abstract
Notch signaling occurs through direct interaction between Notch, the receptor, and its ligands, presented on the surface of neighboring cells. Endocytosis has been shown to be essential for Notch signal activation in both signal-sending and signal-receiving cells, and numerous genes involved in vesicle trafficking have recently been shown to act as key regulators of the pathway. Defects in vesicle trafficking can lead to gain- or loss-of-function defects in a context-dependent manner. Here, we discuss how endocytosis and vesicle trafficking regulate Notch signaling in both signal-sending and signal-receiving cells. We will introduce the key players in different trafficking steps, and further illustrate how they impact the signal outcome. Some of these players act as general factors and modulate Notch signaling in all contexts, whereas others modulate signaling in a context-specific fashion. We also discuss Notch signaling during mechanosensory organ development in the fly to exemplify how endocytosis and vesicle trafficking are effectively used to determine correct cell fates. In summary, endocytosis plays an essential role in Notch signaling, whereas intracellular vesicle trafficking often plays a context-dependent or regulatory role, leading to divergent outcomes in different developmental contexts.
Collapse
|
45
|
Gene dosage, expression, and ontology analysis identifies driver genes in the carcinogenesis and chemoradioresistance of cervical cancer. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000719. [PMID: 19911042 PMCID: PMC2768783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrative analysis of gene dosage, expression, and ontology (GO) data was performed to discover driver genes in the carcinogenesis and chemoradioresistance of cervical cancers. Gene dosage and expression profiles of 102 locally advanced cervical cancers were generated by microarray techniques. Fifty-two of these patients were also analyzed with the Illumina expression method to confirm the gene expression results. An independent cohort of 41 patients was used for validation of gene expressions associated with clinical outcome. Statistical analysis identified 29 recurrent gains and losses and 3 losses (on 3p, 13q, 21q) associated with poor outcome after chemoradiotherapy. The intratumor heterogeneity, assessed from the gene dosage profiles, was low for these alterations, showing that they had emerged prior to many other alterations and probably were early events in carcinogenesis. Integration of the alterations with gene expression and GO data identified genes that were regulated by the alterations and revealed five biological processes that were significantly overrepresented among the affected genes: apoptosis, metabolism, macromolecule localization, translation, and transcription. Four genes on 3p (RYBP, GBE1) and 13q (FAM48A, MED4) correlated with outcome at both the gene dosage and expression level and were satisfactorily validated in the independent cohort. These integrated analyses yielded 57 candidate drivers of 24 genetic events, including novel loci responsible for chemoradioresistance. Further mapping of the connections among genetic events, drivers, and biological processes suggested that each individual event stimulates specific processes in carcinogenesis through the coordinated control of multiple genes. The present results may provide novel therapeutic opportunities of both early and advanced stage cervical cancers.
Collapse
|
46
|
Pyrzynska B, Pilecka I, Miaczynska M. Endocytic proteins in the regulation of nuclear signaling, transcription and tumorigenesis. Mol Oncol 2009; 3:321-38. [PMID: 19577966 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence argues that many proteins governing membrane sorting during endocytosis participate also in nuclear signaling and transcriptional regulation, mostly by modulating the activity of various nuclear factors. Some adaptors and accessory proteins acting in clathrin-mediated internalization, as well as endosomal sorting proteins can undergo nuclear translocation and affect gene expression directly, while for others the effects may be more indirect. Although it is often unclear to what extent the endocytic and nuclear functions are interrelated, several of such proteins are implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, arguing that their dual-function nature may be of physiological importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beata Pyrzynska
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Laboratory of Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
At the cell surface, activation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor triggers a complex network of signalling events that regulate a variety of cellular processes. For signal termination, the activated EGF receptor is internalised and targeted to lysosomes for degradation. Microdomain localization at the plasma membrane and endocytic transport of the EGFR is important for the formation of compartment-specific signalling complexes and is regulated by scaffolding and targeting proteins. This includes Ca2+-effector proteins, such as calmodulin and annexins (Anx), in particular AnxA1, AnxA2, AnxA6 and as shown recently,AnxA8. Given that these annexins show differences in their expression patterns, subcellular localization and mode of action, they are likely to differentially contribute and cooperate in the fine-tuning of EGFR activity. In support of this hypothesis, current literature suggests these annexins to be involved in different steps that control the endocytic transport and signalling of the EGF receptor. This review summarizes how the coordinated activity of AnxA1, AnxA2, AnxA6 and AnxA8 can contribute to regulate EGF receptor localization and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Matteucci E, Bendinelli P, Desiderio MA. Nuclear localization of active HGF receptor Met in aggressive MDA-MB231 breast carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis 2009; 30:937-45. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgp080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
49
|
Davies BA, Lee JRE, Oestreich AJ, Katzmann DJ. Membrane protein targeting to the MVB/lysosome. Chem Rev 2009; 109:1575-86. [PMID: 19243135 PMCID: PMC3911787 DOI: 10.1021/cr800473s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian A. Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Jacqueline R. E. Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Andrea J. Oestreich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - David J. Katzmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery consists of four protein complexes that mediate sorting of ubiquitinated membrane proteins into the intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular endosomes, thereby targeting them for degradation in lysosomes. In the present paper, we review how ESCRT-mediated receptor down-regulation affects signalling downstream of Notch and growth factor receptors, and how ESCRTs may control cell proliferation, survival and cytoskeletal functions and contribute to tumour suppression.
Collapse
|