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Hu Y, Zhu S, Xu R, Wang M, Chen F, Zhang Z, Feng B, Wang J, Chen Z, Wang J. Delta-catenin attenuates medulloblastoma cell invasion by targeting EMT pathway. Front Genet 2022; 13:867872. [PMID: 36303547 PMCID: PMC9595215 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.867872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant tumor in central nervous system. Although its prognosis has been improved enormously by the combination treatments with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, it still could progress via invasion and distant dissemination. We aimed to investigate molecular mechanisms of medulloblastoma invasion in the current work. Methods: The gene expression profile of medulloblastoma were analyzed based on the data deposited in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and filtered according to brain specific proteins in the Uniprot. Delta-catenin was identified and further analyzed about its expression and roles in the prognosis of medulloblastoma patient. The function of delta-catenin on cell invasion and migration were investigated by transwell and wound healing assay. Whether delta-catenin participates in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulated invasion was also studied. Results: Delta-catenin expression was highly upregulated in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues from medulloblastoma patients in five independent, nonoverlapping cohorts. Furthermore, delta-catenin expression level was upregulated in WNT subgroup, and significantly correlated with better prognosis, and associated with metastasis through GEO database analysis. Functional assays indicated that delta-catenin inhibited medulloblastoma cell invasion and migration through regulating the key factors of EMT pathway, such as E-cadherin and vimentin. Conclusion: Delta-catenin might be a positive predictor for prognosis of medulloblastoma patients, through attenuating medulloblastoma cell invasion by inhibiting EMT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sihan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rizhen Xu
- Department of Surgery, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Furong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeshun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binghong Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Wang, Zhongping Chen, Jian Wang,
| | - Zhongping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Wang, Zhongping Chen, Jian Wang,
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Wang, Zhongping Chen, Jian Wang,
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Tian W, Yuan H, Qin S, Liu W, Zhang B, Gu L, Zhou J, Deng D. Kaiso phosphorylation at threonine 606 leads to its accumulation in the cytoplasm, reducing its transcriptional repression of the tumor suppressor
CDH1
. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3192-3209. [PMID: 35851744 PMCID: PMC9441001 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Hongfan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Sisi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Wensu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Baozhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Liankun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Dajun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
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Donta MS, Srivastava Y, McCrea PD. Delta-Catenin as a Modulator of Rho GTPases in Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:939143. [PMID: 35860313 PMCID: PMC9289679 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.939143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Small Rho GTPases are molecular switches that are involved in multiple processes including regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. These GTPases are activated (turned on) and inactivated (turned off) through various upstream effector molecules to carry out many cellular functions. One such upstream modulator of small Rho GTPase activity is delta-catenin, which is a protein in the p120-catenin subfamily that is enriched in the central nervous system. Delta-catenin affects small GTPase activity to assist in the developmental formation of dendrites and dendritic spines and to maintain them once they mature. As the dendritic arbor and spine density are crucial for synapse formation and plasticity, delta-catenin's ability to modulate small Rho GTPases is necessary for proper learning and memory. Accordingly, the misregulation of delta-catenin and small Rho GTPases has been implicated in several neurological and non-neurological pathologies. While links between delta-catenin and small Rho GTPases have yet to be studied in many contexts, known associations include some cancers, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Cri-du-chat syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Drawing from established studies and recent discoveries, this review explores how delta-catenin modulates small Rho GTPase activity. Future studies will likely elucidate how PDZ proteins that bind delta-catenin further influence small Rho GTPases, how delta-catenin may affect small GTPase activity at adherens junctions when bound to N-cadherin, mechanisms behind delta-catenin's ability to modulate Rac1 and Cdc42, and delta-catenin's ability to modulate small Rho GTPases in the context of diseases, such as cancer and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxsam S. Donta
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center University of Texas Health Science Center Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yogesh Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pierre D. McCrea
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center University of Texas Health Science Center Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center University of Texas Health Science Center Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX, United States
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Liedtke W. Long March Toward Safe and Effective Analgesia by Enhancing Gene Expression of Kcc2: First Steps Taken. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:865600. [PMID: 35645734 PMCID: PMC9137411 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.865600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Low intraneuronal chloride in spinal cord dorsal horn pain relay neurons is critical for physiologic transmission of primary pain afferents because low intraneuronal chloride dictates whether GABA-ergic and glycin-ergic neurotransmission is inhibitory. If the neuronal chloride elevates to pathologic levels, then spinal cord primary pain relay becomes leaky and exhibits the behavioral hallmarks of pathologic pain, namely hypersensitivity and allodynia. Low chloride in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons is maintained by proper gene expression of Kcc2 and sustained physiologic function of the KCC2 chloride extruding electroneutral transporter. Peripheral nerve injury and other forms of neural injury evoke greatly diminished Kcc2 gene expression and subsequent corruption of inhibitory neurotransmission in the spinal cord dorsal horn, thus causing derailment of the gate function for pain. Here I review key discoveries that have helped us understand these fundamentals, and focus on recent insights relating to the discovery of Kcc2 gene expression enhancing compounds via compound screens in neurons. One such study characterized the kinase inhibitor, kenpaullone, more in-depth, revealing its function as a robust and long-lasting analgesic in preclinical models of nerve injury and cancer bone pain, also elucidating its mechanism of action via GSK3β inhibition, diminishing delta-catenin phosphorylation, and facilitating its nuclear transfer and subsequent enhancement of Kcc2 gene expression by de-repressing Kaiso epigenetic transcriptional regulator. Future directions re Kcc2 gene expression enhancement are discussed, namely combination with other analgesics and analgesic methods, such as spinal cord stimulation and electroacupuncture, gene therapy, and leveraging Kcc2 gene expression-enhancing nanomaterials.
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Yeo M, Chen Y, Jiang C, Chen G, Wang K, Chandra S, Bortsov A, Lioudyno M, Zeng Q, Wang P, Wang Z, Busciglio J, Ji RR, Liedtke W. Repurposing cancer drugs identifies kenpaullone which ameliorates pathologic pain in preclinical models via normalization of inhibitory neurotransmission. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6208. [PMID: 34707084 PMCID: PMC8551327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory GABA-ergic neurotransmission is fundamental for the adult vertebrate central nervous system and requires low chloride concentration in neurons, maintained by KCC2, a neuroprotective ion transporter that extrudes intracellular neuronal chloride. To identify Kcc2 gene expression‑enhancing compounds, we screened 1057 cell growth-regulating compounds in cultured primary cortical neurons. We identified kenpaullone (KP), which enhanced Kcc2/KCC2 expression and function in cultured rodent and human neurons by inhibiting GSK3ß. KP effectively reduced pathologic pain-like behavior in mouse models of nerve injury and bone cancer. In a nerve-injury pain model, KP restored Kcc2 expression and GABA-evoked chloride reversal potential in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Delta-catenin, a phosphorylation-target of GSK3ß in neurons, activated the Kcc2 promoter via KAISO transcription factor. Transient spinal over-expression of delta-catenin mimicked KP analgesia. Our findings of a newly repurposed compound and a novel, genetically-encoded mechanism that each enhance Kcc2 gene expression enable us to re-normalize disrupted inhibitory neurotransmission through genetic re-programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Yeo
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Changyu Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kaiyuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sharat Chandra
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrey Bortsov
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Maria Lioudyno
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (iMIND), Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Qian Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jorge Busciglio
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (iMIND), Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology (Center for Translational Pain Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Neurology Clinics for Headache, Head-Pain and Trigeminal Sensory Disorders, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Anesthesiology Clinics for Innovative Pain Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Robinson SC, Chaudhary R, Jiménez-Saiz R, Rayner LGA, Bayer L, Jordana M, Daniel JM. Kaiso-induced intestinal inflammation is preceded by diminished E-cadherin expression and intestinal integrity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217220. [PMID: 31199830 PMCID: PMC6568390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammation contributes to pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. While the precise etiology remains controversial, IBD is believed to manifest as a result of various factors. We previously reported that intestinal-specific overexpression of the transcription factor Kaiso results in an intestinal inflammatory response; however, the cause of this inflammation is unknown. To elucidate the underlying mechanism(s) of the Kaiso-mediated intestinal inflammatory phenotype, we evaluated two independent transgenic mouse lines that express varying levels of Kaiso (KaisoTg). Histological analyses of KaisoTg mice revealed intestinal damage including thickening of the mucosa, intestinal “lesions” and crypt abscesses, which are reminiscent of IBD pathology. Additionally, higher Kaiso levels induced intestinal neutrophilia as early as 12 weeks, which worsened as the mice aged. Notably, the Kaiso-induced intestinal inflammation correlated with a leaky intestinal barrier and mis-regulation of E-cadherin expression and localization. Interestingly, Kaiso overexpression resulted in reduced proliferation but enhanced migration of intestinal epithelial cells prior to the onset of inflammation. Collectively, these data suggest that Kaiso plays a role in regulating intestinal epithelial cell integrity and function, dysregulation of which contributes to a chronic inflammatory phenotype as mice age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roopali Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-Saiz
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Luke Bayer
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manel Jordana
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juliet M. Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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7
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Mahmood N, Rabbani SA. DNA Methylation Readers and Cancer: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Applications. Front Oncol 2019; 9:489. [PMID: 31245293 PMCID: PMC6579900 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a major epigenetic process that regulates chromatin structure which causes transcriptional activation or repression of genes in a context-dependent manner. In general, DNA methylation takes place when methyl groups are added to the appropriate bases on the genome by the action of "writer" molecules known as DNA methyltransferases. How these methylation marks are read and interpreted into different functionalities represents one of the main mechanisms through which the genes are switched "ON" or "OFF" and typically involves different types of "reader" proteins that can recognize and bind to the methylated regions. A tightly balanced regulation exists between the "writers" and "readers" in order to mediate normal cellular functions. However, alterations in normal methylation pattern is a typical hallmark of cancer which alters the way methylation marks are written, read and interpreted in different disease states. This unique characteristic of DNA methylation "readers" has identified them as attractive therapeutic targets. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge on the different classes of DNA methylation "readers" identified thus far along with their normal biological functions, describe how they are dysregulated in cancer, and discuss the various anti-cancer therapies that are currently being developed and evaluated for targeting these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shafaat A Rabbani
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Guan C, Chang Z, Gu X, Liu R. MTA2 promotes HCC progression through repressing FRMD6, a key upstream component of hippo signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:112-118. [PMID: 31128910 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Discerning oncogenic drivers from passengers remains a major effort in understanding of the essence of the initiation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Here we report that MTA2, Metastasis Associated 1 Family Member 2, is significantly up-regulated in HCC. We show that high level of MTA2 expression is strongly correlated with advanced pathological stages and poor overall survival of the patients. Genome-wide identification of the transcriptional targets of MTA2 by ChIP-seq indicates that MTA2 represses a cohort of genes including FRMD6 that are critically involved in the growth and mobility of HCC. We demonstrate that the MTA2 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo through suppressing Hippo signaling pathway. Together, these results reveal a key role for the MTA2-FRDM6-Hippo axis in human hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Guan
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhenyu Chang
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xinjin Gu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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9
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Huang F, Chen J, Lan R, Wang Z, Chen R, Lin J, Fu L. Hypoxia induced δ-Catenin to enhance mice hepatocellular carcinoma progression via Wnt signaling. Exp Cell Res 2018; 374:94-103. [PMID: 30458179 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia frequently occurs in solid tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma included. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) upregulated in hypoxia can induce various downstream target genes to resist hypoxia stress, resulting in tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis in vivo. Therefore, hypoxia associated genes are usually cancer progression associated genes and can be potential therapy targets for cancer therapy. In our present work, we find that the hypoxia-inducible transcriptional factor, HIF1α, can directly upregulate the expression of the gene Ctnnd2, which codes the protein δ-Catenin. Then, δ-Catenin can stabilize β-Catenin by disrupting the destruction complex, which leads to the activation of Wnt signaling. As a result, δ-Catenin can promote the proliferation and migration of HCC cells in vitro, further enhance mice HCC tumorigenesis in vivo. In summary, our work reveals that δ-Catenin is a direct downstream target gene of HIF1α. It can activate Wnt signaling via β-Catenin stabilization. δ-Catenin can enhance HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou 350005, China; Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Junying Chen
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou 350005, China; Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ruilong Lan
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou 350005, China; Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou 350005, China; Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ruiqing Chen
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou 350005, China; Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Jingan Lin
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou 350005, China; Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Lengxi Fu
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China; Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou 350005, China; Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou 350005, China
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10
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Pierre CC, Hercules SM, Yates C, Daniel JM. Dancing from bottoms up - Roles of the POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso in Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1871:64-74. [PMID: 30419310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso was discovered two decades ago as a binding partner for p120ctn. Since its discovery, roles for Kaiso in diverse biological processes (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, inflammation) and several signalling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, TGFβ, EGFR, Notch) have emerged. While Kaiso's biological role in normal tissues has yet to be fully elucidated, Kaiso has been increasingly implicated in multiple human cancers including colon, prostate, ovarian, lung, breast and chronic myeloid leukemia. In the majority of human cancers investigated to date, high Kaiso expression correlates with aggressive tumor characteristics including proliferation and metastasis, and/or poor prognosis. More recently, interest in Kaiso stems from its apparent correlation with racial disparities in breast and prostate cancer incidence and survival outcomes in people of African Ancestry. This review discusses Kaiso's role in various cancers, and Kaiso's potential for driving racial disparities in incidence and/or outcomes in people of African ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina C Pierre
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Shawn M Hercules
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology, Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
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11
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Nikolova EN, Stanfield RL, Dyson HJ, Wright PE. CH···O Hydrogen Bonds Mediate Highly Specific Recognition of Methylated CpG Sites by the Zinc Finger Protein Kaiso. Biochemistry 2018; 57:2109-2120. [PMID: 29546986 PMCID: PMC5893398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Many eukaryotic transcription factors recognize the epigenetic marker 5-methylcytosine (mC) at CpG sites in DNA. Despite their structural diversity, methyl-CpG-binding proteins (MBPs) share a common mode of recognition of mC methyl groups that involves hydrophobic pockets and weak hydrogen bonds of the CH···O type. The zinc finger protein Kaiso possesses a remarkably high specificity for methylated over unmethylated CpG sites. A key contribution to this specificity is provided by glutamate 535 (E535), which is optimally positioned to form multiple interactions with mCpG, including direct CH···O hydrogen bonds. To examine the role of E535 and CH···O hydrogen bonding in the preferential recognition of mCpG sites, we determined the structures of wild type Kaiso (WT) and E535 mutants and characterized their interactions with methylated DNA by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), X-ray crystallography, and in vitro protein-DNA binding assays. Our data show that Kaiso favors an mCpG over a CpG site by 2 orders of magnitude in affinity and that an important component of this effect is the presence of hydrophobic and CH···O contacts involving E535. Moreover, we present the first direct evidence for formation of a CH···O hydrogen bond between an MBP and 5-methylcytosine by using experimental (NMR) and quantum mechanical chemical shift analysis of the mC methyl protons. Together, our findings uncover a critical function of methyl-specific interactions, including CH···O hydrogen bonds, that optimize the specificity and affinity of MBPs for methylated DNA and contribute to the precise control of gene expression.
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12
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Huang F, Chen J, Lan R, Wang Z, Chen R, Lin J, Zhang L, Fu L. δ-Catenin peptide vaccines repress hepatocellular carcinoma growth via CD8 + T cell activation. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1450713. [PMID: 30221043 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1450713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As classical therapy method of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not effective enough, HCC immunotherapy is a hot spot for research in recent years. Although in recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors are focused in cancer therapy, vaccines and adoptive cell therapy (ACT), as traditional immunotherapy methods for HCC are still promising. We found that δ-Catenin might be a new tumor-associated antigen for HCC, for it could be upregulated as a stress associated protein under hypoxia and irradiation treatment. δ-Catenin peptide vaccines could inhibit the growth of subcutaneous hepatocellular tumors in vivo. According to our work, δ-Catenin peptide vaccines could stimulate the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and enhance the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into tumors. Moreover, δ-Catenin peptide vaccines could enhance the secretion of IFN-γ and the killing of tumor cells by T cells. Mechanistically, δ-Catenin peptide vaccines, presented by antigen-presenting cells to T cells, could enhance the activation of T cells via MAPK/ERK signaling and the transcriptional factors Eomes and T-bet. Our research results indicate new potential peptide vaccines, which can be applied in clinical HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruilong Lan
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruiqing Chen
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingan Lin
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lurong Zhang
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lengxi Fu
- Central Lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Platform for Medical Research at First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian key Lab of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Province Universities, Fuzhou, China
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13
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Robinson SC, Donaldson-Kabwe NS, Dvorkin-Gheva A, Longo J, He L, Daniel JM. The POZ-ZF transcription factor Znf131 is implicated as a regulator of Kaiso-mediated biological processes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:416-421. [PMID: 28882591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Znf131 belongs to the family of POZ-ZF transcription factors, but, in contrast to most other characterized POZ-ZF proteins that function as transcriptional repressors, Znf131 acts as a transcriptional activator. Znf131 heterodimerizes with the POZ-ZF protein Kaiso, which itself represses a subset of canonical Wnt target genes, including the cell cycle regulator Cyclin D1. Herein, we report a possible role for Znf131 in Kaiso-mediated processes. Notably, we found that Znf131 associates with several Kaiso target gene promoters, including that of CCND1. ChIP analysis revealed that Znf131 indirectly associates with the CCND1 promoter in HCT116 and MCF7 cells via a region that encompasses the previously characterized +69 Kaiso Binding Site, hinting that the Znf131/Kaiso heterodimer may co-regulate Cyclin D1 expression. We also demonstrate that Kaiso inhibits Znf131 expression, raising the possibility that Kaiso and Znf131 act to fine-tune target gene expression. Together, our findings implicate Znf131 as a co-regulator of Kaiso-mediated biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Dvorkin-Gheva
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph Longo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lloyd He
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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14
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Feng J. Upregulation of MicroRNA-4262 Targets Kaiso (ZBTB33) to Inhibit the Proliferation and EMT of Cervical Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2017; 26:1215-1225. [PMID: 28800784 PMCID: PMC7844826 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15021536183526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more studies have reported that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) leads to the proliferation and EMT of multiple cancers. Recently, several reports have demonstrated that dysregulation of miR-4262 occurs in numerous cancers. However, its role and precise mechanism in human cervical cancer (CC) have not been well clarified. Hence, this study aimed to explore the biological roles and precise mechanisms of miR-4262 in CC cell lines. The level of miR-4262 was found to be significantly decreased in CC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, decreased expression of miR-4262 was closely related to increased expression of Kaiso (ZBTB33), which belongs to the BTB/POZ family, in CC tissues and cell lines. The proliferation and EMT of CC cells were inhibited by a miR-4262 mimic. However, downregulation of miR-4262 enhanced the proliferation and EMT of CC cells. Next, bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR-4262 might directly target the Kaiso gene. Besides, luciferase reporter assay had confirmed this result. Moreover, introduction of Kaiso in CC cells partially blocked the effects of miR-4262 mimic. In conclusion, miR-4262 suppressed the proliferation and EMT of CC cells by directly downregulating Kaiso.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei, P.R. China
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15
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Xue X, Zhang J, Lan H, Xu Y, Wang H. Kaiso protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against apoptosis by differentially regulating the expression of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 family members. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7116. [PMID: 28769046 PMCID: PMC5540925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury can promote the development of various cardiovascular diseases, thus, fully understanding the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of vascular endothelial cell homoeostasis may help prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. Kaiso, a zinc finger and BTB domain containing transcription factor, is key to embryonic development and cancer, but how Kaiso interacts with vascular endothelium is not fully understood. We report that Kaiso has an anti-apoptotic function in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1s). Overexpression of Kaiso significantly increased cell viability and inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, Kaiso increased expression of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and reduced expression of BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) and BCL2-interacting killer (BIK) by differentially regulating gene promoter activity. Methylated DNA and specific Kaiso binding site (KBS) contributed to gene regulatory activity of Kaiso. In addition, p120ctn functioned cooperatively in Kaiso-mediated transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, No.83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, No.83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Huai Lan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, No.83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Yinli Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, No.83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Huishan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, No.83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110016, China.
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16
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Shrestha H, Ryu T, Seo YW, Park SY, He Y, Dai W, Park E, Simkhada S, Kim H, Lee K, Kim K. Hakai, an E3-ligase for E-cadherin, stabilizes δ-catenin through Src kinase. Cell Signal 2017; 31:135-145. [PMID: 28069439 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hakai ubiquitinates and induces endocytosis of the E-cadherin complex; thus, modulating cell adhesion and regulating development of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of metastasis. Our previous published data show that δ-catenin promotes E-cadherin processing and thereby activates β-catenin-mediated oncogenic signals. Although several published data show the interactions between δ-catenin and E-cadherin and between Hakai and E-cadherin separately, we found no published report on the relationship between δ-catenin and Hakai. In this report, we show Hakai stabilizes δ-catenin regardless of its E3 ligase activity. We show that Hakai and Src increase the stability of δ-catenin synergistically. Hakai stabilizes Src and Src, which in turn, inhibits binding between glycogen synthase kinase-3β and δ-catenin, resulting in less proteosomal degradation of δ-catenin. These results suggest that stabilization of δ-catenin by Hakai is dependent on Src.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hridaya Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Taeyong Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Young-Woo Seo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, South Korea
| | - Yongfeng He
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Weiye Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eunsook Park
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Shishli Simkhada
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, South Korea
| | - Keesook Lee
- Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
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17
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Shrestha H, Yuan T, He Y, Moon PG, Shrestha N, Ryu T, Park SY, Cho YC, Lee CH, Baek MC, Cho S, Simkhada S, Kim H, Kim K. Investigation of the molecular mechanism of δ-catenin ubiquitination: Implication of β-TrCP-1 as a potential E3 ligase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2311-21. [PMID: 27316454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitination, a post-translational modification, involves the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to the target protein. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the endosome-lysosome pathway control the degradation of the majority of eukaryotic proteins. Our previous study illustrated that δ-catenin ubiquitination occurs in a glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) phosphorylation-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanism of δ-catenin ubiquitination is still unknown. Here, we show that the lysine residues required for ubiquitination are located mainly in the C-terminal portion of δ-catenin. In addition, we provide evidence that β-TrCP-1 interacts with δ-catenin and functions as an E3 ligase, mediating δ-catenin ubiquitin-proteasome degradation. Furthermore, we prove that both the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the lysosome degradation pathway are involved in δ-catenin degradation. Our novel findings on the mechanism of δ-catenin ubiquitination will add a new perspective to δ-catenin degradation and the effects of δ-catenin on E-cadherin involved in epithelial cell-cell adhesion, which is implicated in prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hridaya Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Tingting Yuan
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongfeng He
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyong-Gon Moon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Nensi Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyong Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 540-950, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Hyeong Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Chang Baek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Shishli Simkhada
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 540-950, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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18
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Zhang H, Dai SD, Liu SL, Zhang FY, Dai CL. Overexpression of δ-catenin is associated with a malignant phenotype and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4259-4265. [PMID: 26062780 PMCID: PMC4526058 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known regarding the expression or clinical significance of δ-catenin, a member of the catenin family, in colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study examined the expression of δ-catenin using immunohistochemistry in 110 cases of CRC, including 70 cases with complete follow-up records and 40 cases with paired lymph node metastases. In addition, δ-catenin mRNA and protein expression were compared in 30 pairs of matched CRC and normal colorectal tissues by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. δ-Catenin was weakly expressed or absent in the cytoplasm of normal intestinal epithelial cells, whereas positive δ-catenin expression local-ized to the cytoplasm was observed in CRC cells. The rate of positive δ-catenin expression in CRC (68.18%; 75/110) was significantly higher than that in normal colorectal tissues (36.7%; 11/30; P<0.001). In addition, δ-catenin mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in CRC tissues compared to those in their matched normal tissues (all P<0.05). The expression of δ-catenin in stage III–IV CRC was higher than that in stage I–II CRC, and the expression of δ-catenin in the tumors of patients with lymph node metastases was higher than that in patients without lymph node metastases. Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated that the survival time of patients with positive δ-catenin expression was shorter than that of patients with negative δ-catenin expression (P=0.005). Furthermore, Cox multivariate analysis indicated that the tumor, nodes and metastasis stage (P=0.02) and positive δ-catenin expression (P=0.033) were independent prognostic factors in CRC. The present study therefore indicated that δ-catenin may be a suitable independent prognostic factor for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Shun-Dong Dai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Liu Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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19
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Nopparat J, Zhang J, Lu JP, Chen YH, Zheng D, Neufer PD, Fan JM, Hong H, Boykin C, Lu Q. δ-Catenin, a Wnt/β-catenin modulator, reveals inducible mutagenesis promoting cancer cell survival adaptation and metabolic reprogramming. Oncogene 2015; 34:1542-52. [PMID: 24727894 PMCID: PMC4197123 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutations of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has essential roles in development and cancer. Although β-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutations are well established and are known to drive tumorigenesis, discoveries of mutations in other components of the pathway lagged, which hinders the understanding of cancer mechanisms. Here we report that δ-catenin (gene designation: CTNND2), a primarily neural member of the β-catenin superfamily that promotes canonical Wnt/β-catenin/LEF-1-mediated transcription, displays exonic mutations in human prostate cancer and promotes cancer cell survival adaptation and metabolic reprogramming. When overexpressed in cells derived from prostate tumor xenografts, δ-catenin gene invariably gives rise to mutations, leading to sequence disruptions predicting functional alterations. Ectopic δ-catenin gene integrating into host chromosomes is locus nonselective. δ-Catenin mutations promote tumor development in mouse prostate with probasin promoter (ARR2PB)-driven, prostate-specific expression of Myc oncogene, whereas mutant cells empower survival advantage upon overgrowth and glucose deprivation. Reprogramming energy utilization accompanies the downregulation of glucose transporter-1 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage while preserving tumor type 2 pyruvate kinase expression. δ-Catenin mutations increase β-catenin translocation to the nucleus and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression. Therefore, introducing δ-catenin mutations is an important milestone in prostate cancer metabolic adaptation by modulating β-catenin and HIF-1α signaling under glucose shortage to amplify its tumor-promoting potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nopparat
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - J-P Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y-H Chen
- 1] Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA [2] Leo Jenkins Cancer Center, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA [3] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D Zheng
- 1] Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA [2] East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - P D Neufer
- 1] Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA [2] East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA [3] Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - J M Fan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - H Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - C Boykin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Q Lu
- 1] Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA [2] Leo Jenkins Cancer Center, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA [3] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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20
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Zhang D, Tang N, Liu Y, Wang EH. ARVCF expression is significantly correlated with the malignant phenotype of non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Carcinog 2015; 54 Suppl 1:E185-91. [PMID: 25683624 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Armadillo repeat gene deleted in velo-cardio-facial syndrome (ARVCF) is a member of the p120 catenin (p120ctn) family; it contains nine central Armadillo repeats and binds to the juxtamembrane domain of E-cadherin. We used immunohistochemistry to measure ARVCF expression in 121 patients with NSCLC and western blotting to examine differences in ARVCF expression between lung cancer and adjacent normal lung tissues. We interfered with ARVCF expression in two lung cancer cell lines and measured its effects on invasion and proliferation. ARVCF expression correlated with the malignant phenotype and poor prognosis. We also observed ARVCF-dependent changes in small GTPase (mainly RhoA) activity in lung cancer cells. We confirmed that ARVCF plays an important role in the malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - En-Hua Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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21
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Tian H, Lu JY, Shao C, Huffman KE, Carstens RM, Larsen JE, Girard L, Liu H, Rodriguez-Canales J, Frenkel EP, Wistuba II, Minna JD, Hofmann SL. Systematic siRNA Screen Unmasks NSCLC Growth Dependence by Palmitoyltransferase DHHC5. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:784-94. [PMID: 25573953 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Protein S-palmitoylation is a widespread and dynamic posttranslational modification that regulates protein-membrane interactions, protein-protein interactions, and protein stability. A large family of palmitoyl acyl transferases, termed the DHHC family due to the presence of a common catalytic motif, catalyzes S-palmitoylation; the role of these enzymes in cancer is largely unexplored. In this study, an RNAi-based screen targeting all 23 members of the DHHC family was conducted to examine the effects on the growth in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Interestingly, siRNAs directed against DHHC5 broadly inhibited the growth of multiple NSCLC lines but not normal human bronchial epithelial cell (HBEC) lines. Silencing of DHHC5 by lentivirus-mediated expression of DHHC5 shRNAs dramatically reduced in vitro cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell invasion in a subset of cell lines that were examined in further detail. The phenotypes were restored by transfection of a wild-type DHHC5 plasmid but not by a plasmid expressing a catalytically inactive DHHC5. Tumor xenograft formation was severely inhibited by DHHC5 knockdown and rescued by DHHC5 expression, using both a conventional and tetracycline-inducible shRNA. These data indicate that DHHC5 has oncogenic capacity and contributes to tumor formation in NSCLC, thus representing a potential novel therapeutic target. IMPLICATIONS Inhibitors of DHHC5 enzyme activity may inhibit non-small cell lung cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tian
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jui-Yun Lu
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Chunli Shao
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kenneth E Huffman
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ryan M Carstens
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jill E Larsen
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Luc Girard
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaime Rodriguez-Canales
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eugene P Frenkel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John D Minna
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sandra L Hofmann
- The Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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22
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Ning Z, Gan J, Chen C, Zhang D, Zhang H. Molecular functions and significance of the MTA family in hormone-independent cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 33:901-19. [PMID: 25341508 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The members of the metastasis-associated protein (MTA) family play pivotal roles in both physiological and pathophysiological processes, especially in cancer development and metastasis, and their role as master regulators has come to light. Due to the fact that they were first identified as crucial factors in estrogen receptor-mediated breast cancer metastasis, most of the early studies focused on their hormone-dependent functions. However, the accumulating evidence shows that the members of MTA family are deregulated in most, if not all, the cancers studied so far. Therefore, the levels as well as the activities of the MTA family members are widely accepted as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and predictors of overall survival. They function differently in different cancers with specific mechanisms. p53 and HIF-1α appear to be the respectively common upstream and downstream regulator of the MTA family in both development and metastasis of a wide spectrum of cancers. Here, we review the expression and clinical significance of the MTA family, focusing on hormone-independent cancers. To illustrate the molecular mechanisms, we analyze the MTA family-related signaling pathways in different cancers. Finally, targeting the MTA family directly or the pathways involved in the MTA family indirectly could be invaluable strategies in the development of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Ning
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology, Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, 437100, China
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23
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Zhang D, Zhang JY, Wang EH. δ-catenin promotes the malignant phenotype in breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:569-75. [PMID: 25273174 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
δ-Catenin is a member of the p120 catenin family. Similar to p120ctn, δ-catenin contains nine central Armadillo repeats and binds to the juxtamembrane domain (JMD) of E-cadherin. We used immunohistochemistry to detect δ-catenin expression in breast carcinoma (128 cases), and δ-catenin mRNA and protein expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting (45 cases). The effects of δ-catenin on the activity of small GTPases and the biological behavior of breast cancer cells were explored by pulldown, flow cytometry, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, and Matrigel invasion assays. The results showed that δ-catenin expression increased in breast cancer tissues and was associated with a higher degree of malignancy (invasive lobular breast cancer, high tumor-node-metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis, and C-erbB-2+) and poor prognosis. Postoperative survival was shorter in patients with δ-catenin-positive expression than in patients with negative expression. δ-Catenin may regulate Cdc42/Rac1 activity, promote proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells, and alter cell cycle progression. We conclude that δ-catenin tends to overexpress in breast carcinoma and promotes the malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
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Li X, Yang N, Zhang Y, Li H, Yin T, Sun L, Li G. Sensitive Detection of Transcription Factor Kaiso via Self-Assembly of DNA on an Electrode Surface. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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25
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Schackmann RCJ, Tenhagen M, van de Ven RAH, Derksen PWB. p120-catenin in cancer - mechanisms, models and opportunities for intervention. J Cell Sci 2014; 126:3515-25. [PMID: 23950111 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.134411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial adherens junction is an E-cadherin-based complex that controls tissue integrity and is stabilized at the plasma membrane by p120-catenin (p120, also known as CTNND1). Mutational and epigenetic inactivation of E-cadherin has been strongly implicated in the development and progression of cancer. In this setting, p120 translocates to the cytosol where it exerts oncogenic properties through aberrant regulation of Rho GTPases, growth factor receptor signaling and derepression of Kaiso (also known as ZBTB33) target genes. In contrast, indirect inactivation of the adherens junction through conditional knockout of p120 in mice was recently linked to tumor formation, indicating that p120 can also function as a tumor suppressor. Supporting these opposing functions are findings in human cancer, which show that either loss or cytoplasmic localization of p120 is a common feature in the progression of several types of carcinoma. Underlying this dual biological phenomenon might be the context-dependent regulation of Rho GTPases in the cytosol and the derepression of Kaiso target genes. Here, we discuss past and present findings that implicate p120 in the regulation of cancer progression and highlight opportunities for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron C J Schackmann
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Lu Q, Lanford GW, Hong H, Chen YH. δ-Catenin as a potential cancer biomarker. Pathol Int 2014; 64:243-6. [PMID: 24888779 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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He Y, Kim H, Ryu T, Lee KY, Choi WS, Kim KM, Zheng M, Joh Y, Lee JH, Kwon DD, Lu Q, Kim K. C-Src-mediated phosphorylation of δ-catenin increases its protein stability and the ability of inducing nuclear distribution of β-catenin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:758-68. [PMID: 24412473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although δ-catenin was first considered as a brain specific protein, strong evidence of δ-catenin overexpression in various cancers, including prostate cancer, has been accumulated. Phosphorylation of δ-catenin by Akt and GSK3β has been studied in various cell lines. However, tyrosine phosphorylation of δ-catenin in prostate cancer cells remains unknown. In the current study, we demonstrated that Src kinase itself phosphorylates δ-catenin on its tyrosine residues in prostate cancer cells and further illustrated that Y1073, Y1112 and Y1176 of δ-catenin are predominant sites responsible for tyrosine phosphorylation mediated by c-Src. Apart from c-Src, other Src family kinases, including Fgr, Fyn and Lyn, can also phosphorylate δ-catenin. We also found that c-Src-mediated Tyr-phosphorylation of δ-catenin increases its stability via decreasing its affinity to GSK3β and enhances its ability of inducing nuclear distribution of β-catenin through interrupting the integrity of the E-cadherin. Taken together, these results indicate that c-Src can enhance the oncogenic function of δ-catenin in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng He
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, South Korea
| | - Taeyong Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Won-Seok Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Man Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yechan Joh
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, College of Natural Sciences, College of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Lee
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Deuk Kwon
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, USA
| | - Kwonseop Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea; Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea.
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Prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3717-24. [PMID: 24338766 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) for survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of the literatures to clarify its impact. Trials were selected for meta-analysis if they provided an independent assessment of MMP-7 in NSCLC and reported the analysis of survival data based on MMP-7 status. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to evaluate the associations between MMP-7 expression and survival of NSCLC patients. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed. Seven studies involving 1,446 patients were identified. The combined HR for all studies was 1.28 (95% CI 0.86-1.91; P = 0.22). Subgroup analysis revealed that MMP-7 overexpression had a favorable impact on survival in Caucasians (HR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.55-0.99; P = 0.043) but showed a poor survival prognosis in Asians (HR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.05-2.88, P = 0.031). Its effect also appeared significant when the analysis was restricted to Asian patients with squamous cell cancer (HR =3.42; 95% CI 1.92-6.11, P = 0.000) and adenocarcinoma (HR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.34-3.29, P = 0.001). Our meta-analysis suggests that there are ethnic differences in the clinical significance of MMP-7 expression for patients with NSCLC.
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Stefanatos RK, Bauer C, Vidal M. p120 catenin is required for the stress response in Drosophila. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83942. [PMID: 24349561 PMCID: PMC3861524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
p120ctn is a ubiquitously expressed core component of cadherin junctions and essential for vertebrate development. Surprisingly, Drosophila p120ctn (dp120ctn) is dispensable for adherens junctions and development, which has discouraged Drosophila researchers from further pursuing the biological role of dp120ctn. Here we demonstrate that dp120ctn loss results in increased heat shock sensitivity and reduced animal lifespan, which are completely rescued by ectopic expression of a dp120ctn-GFP transgene. Transcriptomic analysis revealed multiple relish/NF-κB target genes differentially expressed upon loss of dp120ctn. Importantly, this aberrant gene expression was rescued by overexpression of dp120ctn-GFP or heterozygosity for relish. Our results uncover a novel role for dp120ctn in the regulation of animal stress response and immune signalling. This may represent an ancient role of p120ctn and can influence further studies in Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda K. Stefanatos
- Drosophila Approaches to Cancer Laboratory, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Christin Bauer
- Drosophila Approaches to Cancer Laboratory, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Marcos Vidal
- Drosophila Approaches to Cancer Laboratory, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Zhang H, Dai SD, Zhang D, Liu D, Zhang FY, Zheng TY, Cui MM, Dai CL. Delta-catenin promotes the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by binding to E-cadherin in a competitive manner with p120 catenin. Target Oncol 2013; 9:53-61. [PMID: 23423910 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-013-0269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
δ-Catenin is the only member of the p120 catenin (p120ctn) subfamily whose normal pattern of expression is restricted to the brain. Similar to p120ctn, δ-catenin can bind to the juxtamembrane domain of E-cadherin. We examined the expression of δ-catenin, p120ctn, and E-cadherin using immunohistochemistry in 95 cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) and 15 normal colon tissues. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to examine whether δ-catenin competed with p120ctn to bind E-cadherin in CRC cells. The effects of δ-catenin overexpression or siRNA-mediated knockdown on the proliferation and invasive ability of CRC cells were investigated using the MTT and Matrigel invasion assays. The results showed that positive δ-catenin expression was significantly more frequent in CRC compared to normal colon tissues and associated with poor differentiation, stage III-IV disease, and lymph node metastasis in CRC (all P < 0.05). In two CRC cell lines, δ-catenin bound to E-cadherin in competition with p120ctn. Overexpression of δ-catenin promoted the proliferation and invasion of CRC cells; knockdown of δ-catenin reduced CRC cell proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, we speculate that overexpression of δ-catenin reduces the expression of E-cadherin and alters the balance between E-cadherin and p120ctn, which in turn affects the formation of intercellular adhesions and promotes invasion and metastasis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,
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Kaiso directs the transcriptional corepressor MTG16 to the Kaiso binding site in target promoters. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51205. [PMID: 23251453 PMCID: PMC3521008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid translocation genes (MTGs) are transcriptional corepressors originally identified in acute myelogenous leukemia that have recently been linked to epithelial malignancy with non-synonymous mutations identified in both MTG8 and MTG16 in colon, breast, and lung carcinoma in addition to functioning as negative regulators of WNT and Notch signaling. A yeast two-hybrid approach was used to discover novel MTG binding partners. This screen identified the Zinc fingers, C2H2 and BTB domain containing (ZBTB) family members ZBTB4 and ZBTB38 as MTG16 interacting proteins. ZBTB4 is downregulated in breast cancer and modulates p53 responses. Because ZBTB33 (Kaiso), like MTG16, modulates Wnt signaling at the level of TCF4, and its deletion suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis in the ApcMin mouse, we determined that Kaiso also interacted with MTG16 to modulate transcription. The zinc finger domains of Kaiso as well as ZBTB4 and ZBTB38 bound MTG16 and the association with Kaiso was confirmed using co-immunoprecipitation. MTG family members were required to efficiently repress both a heterologous reporter construct containing Kaiso binding sites (4×KBS) and the known Kaiso target, Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7/Matrilysin). Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation studies placed MTG16 in a complex occupying the Kaiso binding site on the MMP-7 promoter. The presence of MTG16 in this complex, and its contributions to transcriptional repression both required Kaiso binding to its binding site on DNA, establishing MTG16-Kaiso binding as functionally relevant in Kaiso-dependent transcriptional repression. Examination of a large multi-stage CRC expression array dataset revealed patterns of Kaiso, MTG16, and MMP-7 expression supporting the hypothesis that loss of either Kaiso or MTG16 can de-regulate a target promoter such as that of MMP-7. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of transcriptional control by ZBTB family members and broaden the scope of co-repressor functions for the MTG family, suggesting coordinate regulation of transcription by Kaiso/MTG complexes in cancer.
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He Y, Kim H, Ryu T, Kang Y, Kim JA, Kim BH, Lee JH, Kang K, Lu Q, Kim K. δ-Catenin overexpression promotes angiogenic potential of CWR22Rv-1 prostate cancer cells via HIF-1α and VEGF. FEBS Lett 2012; 587:193-9. [PMID: 23220088 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study revealed that CWR22Rv-1 cells overexpressing δ-catenin display bigger tumor formation and higher angiogenic potentials than their matched control cells in the CAM assay. In addition, δ-catenin overexpression in CWR22Rv-1 cells results in increased hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Furthermore, δ-catenin overexpression was found to enhance nuclear distribution of both β-catenin and HIF-1α in hypoxic condition, which is diminished by knockdown of δ-catenin. Our current study adds novel evidence regarding contribution of δ-catenin to the progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng He
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Buck-Koehntop BA, Stanfield RL, Ekiert DC, Martinez-Yamout MA, Dyson HJ, Wilson IA, Wright PE. Molecular basis for recognition of methylated and specific DNA sequences by the zinc finger protein Kaiso. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:15229-34. [PMID: 22949637 PMCID: PMC3458336 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1213726109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation of CpG dinucleotides in DNA is a common epigenetic modification in eukaryotes that plays a central role in maintenance of genome stability, gene silencing, genomic imprinting, development, and disease. Kaiso, a bifunctional Cys(2)His(2) zinc finger protein implicated in tumor-cell proliferation, binds to both methylated CpG (mCpG) sites and a specific nonmethylated DNA motif (TCCTGCNA) and represses transcription by recruiting chromatin remodeling corepression machinery to target genes. Here we report structures of the Kaiso zinc finger DNA-binding domain in complex with its nonmethylated, sequence-specific DNA target (KBS) and with a symmetrically methylated DNA sequence derived from the promoter region of E-cadherin. Recognition of specific bases in the major groove of the core KBS and mCpG sites is accomplished through both classical and methyl CH···O hydrogen-bonding interactions with residues in the first two zinc fingers, whereas residues in the C-terminal extension following the third zinc finger bind in the opposing minor groove and are required for high-affinity binding. The C-terminal region is disordered in the free protein and adopts an ordered structure upon binding to DNA. The structures of these Kaiso complexes provide insights into the mechanism by which a zinc finger protein can recognize mCpG sites as well as a specific, nonmethylated regulatory DNA sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ian A. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Peter E. Wright
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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Nuclear Kaiso expression is associated with high grade and triple-negative invasive breast cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37864. [PMID: 22662240 PMCID: PMC3360634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaiso is a BTB/POZ transcription factor that is ubiquitously expressed in multiple cell types and functions as a transcriptional repressor and activator. Little is known about Kaiso expression and localization in breast cancer. Here, we have related pathological features and molecular subtypes to Kaiso expression in 477 cases of human invasive breast cancer. Nuclear Kaiso was predominantly found in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (p = 0.007), while cytoplasmic Kaiso expression was linked to invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) (p = 0.006). Although cytoplasmic Kaiso did not correlate to clinicopathological features, we found a significant correlation between nuclear Kaiso, high histological grade (p = 0.023), ERα negativity (p = 0.001), and the HER2-driven and basal/triple-negative breast cancers (p = 0.018). Interestingly, nuclear Kaiso was also abundant in BRCA1-associated breast cancer (p<0.001) and invasive breast cancer overexpressing EGFR (p = 0.019). We observed a correlation between nuclear Kaiso and membrane-localized E-cadherin and p120-catenin (p120) (p<0.01). In contrast, cytoplasmic p120 strongly correlated with loss of E-cadherin and low nuclear Kaiso (p = 0.005). We could confirm these findings in human ILC cells and cell lines derived from conditional mouse models of ILC. Moreover, we present functional data that substantiate a mechanism whereby E-cadherin controls p120-mediated relief of Kaiso-dependent gene repression. In conclusion, our data indicate that nuclear Kaiso is common in clinically aggressive ductal breast cancer, while cytoplasmic Kaiso and a p120-mediated relief of Kaiso-dependent transcriptional repression characterize ILC.
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Zhong X, Li M, Nie B, Wu F, Zhang L, Wang E, Han Y. Overexpressions of RACK1 and CD147 associated with poor prognosis in stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 20:1044-52. [PMID: 22592183 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RACK1 has been shown to be able to interact with some key cellular proteins involved in tumor development and progression. Our study showed that the expressions of RACK1 and CD147 are correlated with each other. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between expression of RACK1 and CD147 in 180 patients with operable stage T1 human pulmonary adenocarcinoma and their clinicopathological features and prognostic significance. METHODS DNA transfection and RNA interference of RACK1 were conducted to produce pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines with differential RACK1 expression. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to quantify RACK1 and CD147 expression in protein and mRNA levels in pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines. Immunohistochemistry, double-labeling immunofluorescence, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and Western blot were used to correlate the clinicopathological significance of RACK1 and CD147 expression in cases of stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma. RESULTS We detected high levels of RACK1 and CD147 mRNA as well as protein expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma in vitro. In pulmonary adenocarcinoma, the expression of RACK1 and CD147 were correlated both in vitro and in vivo. Our clinicopathological analysis demonstrated that RACK1 or CD147 expression correlated with higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and lower differentiation than tumors that were negative for expression of either RACK1 or CD147. The expression of RACK1 and CD147 was not associated with the patient age or gender. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the co-overexpression of RACK1 and CD147 was an independent prognostic factor for stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma (P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Tumor invasiveness is associated with expression of RACK1 and CD147 in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The co-expression of RACK1 and CD147 could be an important prognostic biomarker for stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Transcription expression and clinical significance of dishevelled-3 mRNA and δ-catenin mRNA in pleural effusions from patients with lung cancer. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:904946. [PMID: 22461838 PMCID: PMC3296179 DOI: 10.1155/2012/904946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To evaluate diagnostic utility of Dishevelled-3 (DVL-3) mRNA and δ-catenin mRNA expression in pleural effusions of patients with lung cancer. Methods. DVL-3 mRNA and δ-catenin mRNA levels were assessed by performing RT-PCR on pleural effusion specimens from patients with lung cancer (n = 75) and with lung benign disease (n = 51). Results. The expressions of DVL-3 mRNA and δ-catenin mRNA were significantly higher in malignant than in benign lung disease (P < 0.01) and were obviously higher than cytology in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01). In single use, DVL-3 mRNA had the highest specificity (94.1%) and PPV (95.7%), whereas δ-catenin mRNA had the highest sensitivity (92.0%) and NPV (88.5%). When combinations of markers were evaluated together, DVL-3 mRNA and δ-catenin mRNA gave a high-diagnostic performance: sensitivity of 100.0%, NPV of 100.0%, and accuracy of 96.0%, respectively. Conclusion. As molecular markers of detecting pleural micrometastasis, DVL-3 mRNA and δ-catenin mRNA are helpful to diagnose the cancer cells in pleural effusions of patients with lung cancer.
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Abstract
The methyl-CpG binding proteins (MBPs) interpret the methylation of DNA and its components. The number of MBPs in the human body currently stands at 15, which are split into 3 branches, a reflection of the intricate mechanisms of gene regulation. Each branch utilizes a different mechanism for interacting with methylated DNA or its components. These interactions function to direct gene expression and maintain or alter DNA architecture. It is these functions that are commonly exploited in human disease. For this review, we will focus on each protein and any roles it may have in initiating, promoting, progressing, or inhibiting cancer. This will highlight common threads in the roles of these proteins, which will allow us to speculate on potentially productive directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Parry
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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