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Tellez-Monnery K, Berghoff CR, McDermott MJ. Investigating the effects of emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thinking on alcohol hangover anxiety and depression. Addict Behav 2023; 140:107619. [PMID: 36689889 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Underlying factors associated with alcohol hangover psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, have not been identified. Emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thinking (RNT) are transdiagnostic factors associated with psychopathology, including non-hangover anxiety and depression. The current study prospectively examined the role of emotion dysregulation on subsequent alcohol hangover anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the moderating role of RNT on this relation among university students. METHODS One hundred thirty-six participants completed baseline assessments of emotion dysregulation (DERS-16) and non-hangover anxiety and depression (DASS-21). Thirty-nine participants reported experiencing alcohol hangover at 2-week follow up and completed assessments of RNT (PTQ) and hangover anxiety and depression (modified DASS-21). Two independent regression-based moderation analyses were conducted to examine the relation of baseline emotion dysregulation, 2-week follow-up RNT, and hangover anxiety and depression symptoms after accounting for baseline non-hangover anxiety and depression symptoms. RESULTS Among those experiencing alcohol hangover (n = 39), emotion dysregulation and RNT were not associated with hangover related anxiety beyond non-hangover anxiety. Emotion dysregulation significantly predicted hangover depression but was rendered non-significant by the addition of RNT, which was significantly associated with hangover depression. RNT moderated the emotion dysregulation-hangover depression relation such that emotion dysregulation was not associated with future hangover depression at low levels of RNT but was positively associated with hangover depression at moderate to high levels of RNT. CONCLUSION Results provide preliminary support for the role of emotion dysregulation and RNT in hangover depression severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher R Berghoff
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, United States
| | - Michael J McDermott
- Department of Psychology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, United States.
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Pabon E, Greenlund IM, Carter JR, de Wit H. Effects of alcohol on sleep and nocturnal heart rate: Relationships to intoxication and morning-after effects. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1875-1887. [PMID: 35953878 PMCID: PMC9826048 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption produces feelings of well-being and stimulation, but also impairs psychomotor performance, disturbs cardiovascular function and sleep, and can disrupt next-day mood and behavior. A deeper understanding of how the acute effects of alcohol relate to its sleep and morning-after effects is needed to minimize harm resulting from its use. This study examined relationships between the effects of a high dose of alcohol on subjective and psychomotor measures, nocturnal heart rate, sleep quality, and morning-after mood and behavior. We hypothesized that alcohol would produce disturbances in cardiovascular and sleep regulation during the night, which would predict morning-after mood and behavioral performance. METHODS Thirty-one men and women participated in two overnight laboratory visits during which they consumed either alcohol (1.0 g/kg for men, 0.85 g/kg for women) or placebo (randomized, crossover design). They consumed the beverage from 8 to 9 pm, and remained in the laboratory overnight for polysomnographic sleep recording. Subjective and behavioral measures were obtained during consumption and at 7-8 am the morning after. RESULTS Alcohol increased both negative and positive arousal, urge to drink and sedation, and it impaired performance on behavioral tasks. During sleep, alcohol produced expected tachycardia and detriments in sleep quality including decreased total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and altered sleep architecture. Only modest effects on mood or performance were detected the following morning. The acute sedative-like effects of alcohol were related to increases in N2 sleep, but not to other disruptions in sleep or nocturnal heart rate, and neither sleep impairments nor nocturnal heart rate were related to mood or task performance the morning after. CONCLUSIONS The effects of alcohol on sleep and nocturnal heart rate were not strongly related to either its acute or morning-after effects. These findings do not provide strong support for the idea that alcohol-induced sleep disruptions underlie morning-after effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pabon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ian M. Greenlund
- Department of PsychologyMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA,Department of Health & Human DevelopmentMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA
| | - Jason R. Carter
- Department of PsychologyMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA,Department of Health & Human DevelopmentMontana State UniversityBozemanMontanaUSA
| | - Harriet de Wit
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Mackus M, van de Loo AJAE, van den Bogaard WJM, Korte-Bouws GAH, Garssen J, Verster JC. The 5HTOL/5HIAA Ratio as a Biomarker of Alcohol Hangover. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184241. [PMID: 34575350 PMCID: PMC8467792 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of the presence and severity of alcohol hangovers relies on the subjective method of self-report. Therefore, there is a need of adequate biomarkers that (1) correlate significantly with hangover severity, and (2) correspond to the level of hangover-related performance impairment objectively. In this naturalistic study, n = 35 social drinkers participated. Urine samples were obtained the morning after alcohol consumption and after an alcohol-free control day. Concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptophol (5-HTOL), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and the 5-HTOL/5-HIAA ratio were determined. The results confirm previous findings that 5-HTOL and the 5HTOL/5-HIAA ratio are useful biomarkers of recent alcohol consumption. Significant correlations were found with the amount of alcohol consumed, total drink time, and estimated BAC. However, urine concentrations of 5-HTOL and 5-HIAA (and their ratio 5HTOL/5-HIAA) did not significantly correlate with hangover severity. In conclusion, urine 5-HTOL, 5-HIAA, and the 5HTOL/5-HIAA ratio cannot be considered to be suitable biomarkers of alcohol hangover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlou Mackus
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (W.J.M.v.d.B.); (G.A.H.K.-B.); (J.G.)
| | - Aurora J. A. E. van de Loo
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (W.J.M.v.d.B.); (G.A.H.K.-B.); (J.G.)
| | - Willie J. M. van den Bogaard
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (W.J.M.v.d.B.); (G.A.H.K.-B.); (J.G.)
| | - Gerdien A. H. Korte-Bouws
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (W.J.M.v.d.B.); (G.A.H.K.-B.); (J.G.)
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (W.J.M.v.d.B.); (G.A.H.K.-B.); (J.G.)
- Global Centre of Excellence Immunology, Nutricia Danone Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joris C. Verster
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.M.); (A.J.A.E.v.d.L.); (W.J.M.v.d.B.); (G.A.H.K.-B.); (J.G.)
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-30-253-6909
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Morley KC, Logge WB, Riordan BC, Brannon S, Haber PS, Conner TS. Daily experiences of hangover severity and food consumption in young adults. Br J Health Psychol 2021; 27:468-483. [PMID: 34431182 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to determine whether alcohol hangover is associated with eating unhealthy foods (hot chips, soft drink) or healthy foods (fruit, vegetables). DESIGN Daily diary study across 13 days (micro-longitudinal design). METHODS We examined a sample of 605 young adults (71% women; ages 17-25; mean age 19.91 [SD 1.86] years) who completed daily diaries in the university community and reported drinking alcohol at least twice during the 13-day study period. Each day, participants reported on their hangover severity, their consumption of fruit, vegetables, hot chips (French fries), and soft drink, and their alcohol consumption from the previous day. Linear mixed models were used to examine within-person associations between hangover severity and food consumption, by gender. Exploratory models also controlled for previous day alcohol consumption to acknowledge potential variability in hangover susceptibility. RESULTS On days when participants reported higher severity of hangovers, they reported consuming more hot chips (β = .09, p = .001), more soft drink (β = .08, p = .001) and less fruit (β = -.06, p = .05). In our exploratory model controlling for previous day alcohol consumption, the predictive effect of hangover severity on hot chips remained (β = .08, p = .009) and significant interaction effects were observed between gender and previous day alcohol consumption on fruit (β = -.03, p = .003) and vegetable (β = -.03, p = .03) servings. CONCLUSIONS Higher hangover severity may lead to greater intake of some unhealthy foods such as hot chips, an effect that may not be reduceable to those associated with alcohol consumption per se. Interventions that target excessive drinking primarily, but also emphasize the importance of a healthy diet, should be considered for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten C Morley
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology), Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Warren B Logge
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology), Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia.,Drug Health Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Benjamin C Riordan
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean Brannon
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul S Haber
- Specialty of Addiction Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol, Drugs & Toxicology), Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia.,Drug Health Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tamlin S Conner
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Tam CC, Zhou Y, Benotsch EG, Li X, Qiao S, Zhao Q. Nonmedical use of prescription drugs and biopsychosocial correlates among females who are sex workers in China. Subst Abus 2021; 43:187-193. [PMID: 33872115 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2021.1903655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMPUD) has become a critical public health concern. Chinese literature has paid growing attention to NMUPD, but scarce research has focused on females who are sex workers (FSWs), who have a high risk of substance use. The current study aimed to examine NMUPD and its biopsychosocial correlates in Chinese FSWs. Methods: A total of 410 FSWs (mean age = 33.58 years) from Guangxi, China, completed an anonymous, self-administered survey evaluating NMUPD, somatic symptoms, and psychosocial distress. Results: Overall, 46.6% of FSWs reported lifetime NMUPD and 17.6% reported past-3-month NMUPD. The most commonly reported medications that were used nonmedically were analgesics (46.3%, lifetime; 17.6%, past 3 months). A majority of FSWs (69.1%) reported "relieving pain" as the motive of their NMUPD. FSWs reporting NMUPD were more likely to be younger, be unmarried, have higher income, and work in multiple venues/high-paying venues. Somatic symptoms and psychosocial distress were associated with NMUPD in Chinese FSWs. Conclusions: NMUPD was prevalent in Chinese FSWs and was associated with biopsychosocial factors. Critical attention should be paid to NMUPD in FSWs. Future NMUPD prevention intervention among FSWs may benefit from attending to biopsychosocial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Chi Tam
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yuejiao Zhou
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, China
| | - Eric G Benotsch
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Li
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Shan Qiao
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Qun Zhao
- Research Institute for Environment and Health, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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Vena A, Howe M, Fridberg D, Cao D, King AC. The Feasibility, Tolerability, and Safety of Administering a Very High Alcohol Dose to Drinkers with Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2588-2597. [PMID: 33038271 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There remains a paucity of research quantifying alcohol's effects in drinkers with alcohol use disorder (AUD), particularly responses to very high alcohol doses (≥0.8 g/kg). As drinkers with AUD frequently engage in very heavy drinking (8 to 10 drinks/occasion), doses of ≤0.8 g/kg may lack ecological validity. The present study examined the feasibility, tolerability, and safety of administering a very high alcohol dose (1.2 g/kg) to non-treatment-seeking AUD participants. METHODS Sixty-one young adult AUD drinkers enrolled in the Chicago Social Drinking Project and completed 3 laboratory sessions at which they consumed a beverage with 1.2, 0.8, and 0.0 g/kg alcohol. Physiological responses (vital signs, nausea and vomiting, breath alcohol concentrations [BrAC]) were monitored throughout the sessions. After each session, participants completed a next-day survey of substance use, engagement in risky behaviors, and related consequences. RESULTS Overall, the sample demonstrated good compliance with study procedures; 93% of participants adhered to presession alcohol abstinence requirements (indicated by BrAC < 0.003 g/dl), with no participants exhibiting serious alcohol withdrawal symptoms at arrival to study visits. The 1.2 g/kg alcohol dose achieved an expected mean peak BrAC of 0.13 g/dl at 60 minutes after drinking, which was well tolerated; the majority of the sample did not experience nausea (70%) or vomiting (93%), and dose effects on vital signs were not clinically significant. Finally, we demonstrated that the 1.2 g/kg alcohol dose is safe and not associated with postsession consequences, including reduced sleep time, atypical substance use, accidents or injuries, and severe hangovers. CONCLUSION Results support the feasibility, tolerability, and safety of administering a very high alcohol dose to young adult drinkers with AUD within the context of a well-validated laboratory alcohol challenge paradigm. Utilizing an alcohol dose more consistent with naturalistic drinking patterns may foster greater ecological validity of laboratory paradigms for persons with moderate to severe AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Vena
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, (AV, MH, DF, ACK), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Meghan Howe
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, (AV, MH, DF, ACK), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel Fridberg
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, (AV, MH, DF, ACK), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dingcai Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, (DC), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrea C King
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, (AV, MH, DF, ACK), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Prevalence of Hangover Resistance According to Two Methods for Calculating Estimated Blood Alcohol Concentration (eBAC). J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092823. [PMID: 32878265 PMCID: PMC7564564 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hangover resistance may be linked to an increased risk of continuing harmful drinking behaviours as well as involvement in potentially dangerous daily activities such as driving while hungover, mainly due to the absence of negative consequences (i.e., hangover symptoms) the day after alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of claimed alcohol hangover resistance relative to estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC). A total of 1198 participants completed an online survey by answering questions regarding their demographics, alcohol consumption and occurrence of hangover. Two methods were used to calculate eBAC, one based on the modified Widmark Equation (N = 955) and the other from an equation averaging the total body water (TBW) estimates of Forrest, Watson, Seidl, Widmark and Ulrich (males only) (N = 942). The percentage of participants who claimed to be hangover resistant decreased rapidly with increasing eBAC and only a small number of hangover resistant drinkers remained at higher eBACs. Comparisons of the eBACs calculated by the two methods revealed significantly higher BACs when using the modified Widmark equation. These findings suggest that additional research for eBAC calculations is needed to improve accuracy and comprehensiveness of these equations for future alcohol hangover research.
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Scholey A, Ayre E, Stock AK, Verster JC, Benson S. Effects of Rapid Recovery on Alcohol Hangover Severity: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Balanced Crossover Trial. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072175. [PMID: 32660041 PMCID: PMC7408967 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of putative hangover treatment, Rapid Recovery, in mitigating alcohol hangover (AH) symptom severity. Using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, balanced crossover design, 20 participants attended the laboratory for two evenings of alcohol consumption, each followed by morning assessments of AH severity. Participants were administered Rapid Recovery and placebo on separate visits. In the first testing visit, participants self-administered alcoholic beverages of their choice, to a maximum of 1.3 g/kg alcohol. Drinking patterns were recorded and replicated in the second evening testing visit. In the morning visits, AH severity was assessed using questionnaires measuring AH symptom severity and sleep quality, computerized assessments of cognitive functioning as well as levels of blood biomarkers of liver function (gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)) and inflammation (high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)). There were no differences in the blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) obtained in the Rapid Recovery (mean = 0.096%) and placebo (mean = 0.097%) conditions. Participants reported significantly greater sleep problems in the Rapid Recovery compared to placebo condition, although this difference was no longer significant following Bonferroni's correction. There were no other significant differences between Rapid Recovery and placebo. These data suggest that Rapid Recovery has no significant effect on alcohol hangover nor on associated biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (A.S.); (E.A.); (J.C.V.)
| | - Elizabeth Ayre
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (A.S.); (E.A.); (J.C.V.)
| | - Ann-Kathrin Stock
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Joris C Verster
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (A.S.); (E.A.); (J.C.V.)
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Benson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (A.S.); (E.A.); (J.C.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(3)921-452-12
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Hu S, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Scipione C, Scipione V, Hosoi M, Cornelli U, Pellegrini L, Dugall M, Feragalli B, Cotellese R. Hangover and fatigue: effects of Robuvit® supplementation. A pilot registry study. Minerva Cardioangiol 2020; 68:203-208. [DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4725.19.05028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Vatsalya V, Hassan HZ, Kong M, Stangl BL, Schwandt ML, Schmidt-Teron VY, Verster JC, Ramchandani VA, McClain CJ. Exacerbation of Hangover Symptomology Significantly Corresponds with Heavy and Chronic Alcohol Drinking: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111943. [PMID: 31718086 PMCID: PMC6912317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol hangover is a combination of mental, sympathetic, and physical symptoms experienced the day after a single period of heavy drinking, starting when blood alcohol concentration approaches zero. How individual measures/domains of hangover symptomology might differ with moderate to heavy alcohol consumption and how these symptoms correlate with the drinking markers is unclear. We investigated the amount/patterns of drinking and hangover symptomology by the categories of alcohol drinking. We studied males and females in three groups: 12 heavy drinkers (HD; >15 drinks/week, 34–63 years old (y.o.)); 17 moderate drinkers (MD; 5–14 drinks/week, 21–30 y.o.); and 12 healthy controls (social/light drinkers, SD; <5 drinks/week, 25–54 y.o.). Demographics, drinking measures (Timeline followback past 90 days (TLFB90), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)), and alcohol hangover scale (AHS) were analyzed. Average drinks/day was 5.1-times greater in HD compared to MD. Average AHS score showed moderate incapacity, and individual measures and domains of the AHS were significantly elevated in HD compared to MD. Symptoms of three domains of the AHS (mental, gastrointestinal, and sympathetic) showed domain-specific significant increase in HD. A domain-specific relation was present between AUDIT and specific measures of AHS scores in HD, specifically with the dependence symptoms. Exacerbation in hangover symptomology could be a marker of more severe alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsalya Vatsalya
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (H.Z.H.); (C.J.M.)
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.L.S.); (M.L.S.); (V.Y.S.-T.); (V.A.R.)
- Robley Rex Louisville VAMC, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-502-488-0446
| | - Hamza Z. Hassan
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (H.Z.H.); (C.J.M.)
| | - Maiying Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, SPHIS, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Bethany L. Stangl
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.L.S.); (M.L.S.); (V.Y.S.-T.); (V.A.R.)
| | - Melanie L. Schwandt
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.L.S.); (M.L.S.); (V.Y.S.-T.); (V.A.R.)
| | - Veronica Y. Schmidt-Teron
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.L.S.); (M.L.S.); (V.Y.S.-T.); (V.A.R.)
| | - Joris C. Verster
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3511 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3211, Australia
| | - Vijay A. Ramchandani
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.L.S.); (M.L.S.); (V.Y.S.-T.); (V.A.R.)
| | - Craig J. McClain
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (H.Z.H.); (C.J.M.)
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Robley Rex Louisville VAMC, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Jones J, Jones KN. Commentary on Jones J, Jones KN and Peil J (2018) The impact of the legalization of recreational marijuana on college students. Addictive Behaviors 77: 255-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.015. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2019; 13:1178221819827603. [PMID: 30799928 PMCID: PMC6378431 DOI: 10.1177/1178221819827603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the broadening legislative changes surrounding legalized recreational marijuana in the United States, tracking the impact of such changes is imperative. As such, in a recent article published in Addictive Behaviors, we identified several emerging trends in the first state to legalize recreational marijuana, Colorado. Since our publication, similar research from other states that have legalized recreational marijuana (Oregon and Washington) has emerged. Here, we attempt to expand on our findings and identify patterns across the research, by comparing and contrasting our results to research in other states with legalized recreational marijuana. We identified several trends including, but not limited to, the rates of marijuana use rising after decriminalization, but not the retail sale of recreational marijuana; recreational marijuana legalization leading to a decrease in the relationship between marijuana and alcohol use; and the identification of binge drinkers as a high-risk population for marijuana use after recreational legalization. We also explore the complicated relationship between marijuana use and academic performance, and point out areas where future research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Jones
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO, USA
| | - K Nicole Jones
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO, USA
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Gunn C, Mackus M, Griffin C, Munafò MR, Adams S. A systematic review of the next-day effects of heavy alcohol consumption on cognitive performance. Addiction 2018; 113:2182-2193. [PMID: 30144191 PMCID: PMC6282576 DOI: 10.1111/add.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies examining the next-day cognitive effects of heavy alcohol consumption have produced mixed findings, which may reflect inconsistencies in definitions of 'hangover'. Recent consensus has defined hangover as 'mental and physical symptoms, experienced the day after a single episode of heavy drinking, starting when blood alcohol concentration (BAC) approaches zero'. In light of this, we aimed to review the literature systematically to evaluate and estimate mean effect sizes of the next-day effects of heavy alcohol consumption on cognition. METHODS Embase, PubMed and PsycNET databases were searched between December 2016 and May 2018 using terms based on 'alcohol' and 'hangover'. Studies of experimental designs which reported the next-day cognitive effects of heavy alcohol consumption in a 'hangover' group with BAC < 0.02% were reviewed. A total of 805 articles were identified. Thirty-nine full-text articles were screened by two independent reviewers and 19 included in the systematic review; 11 articles provided sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis; 1163 participants across 19 studies conducted since 1970 were included in the analysis. Data for study design, hangover severity, BAC at testing and cognitive performance were extracted and effect estimates calculated. RESULTS The systematic review suggested that sustained attention and driving abilities were impaired during hangover. Mixed results were observed for: psychomotor skills, short- (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) and divided attention. The meta-analysis revealed evidence of impairments in STM [g = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.15-1.13], LTM (Hedges' g = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.01-1.17) sustained attention (g = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.07-0.87) and psychomotor speed (Hedges' g = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.31-1.00) during alcohol hangover. CONCLUSION The research literature suggests that alcohol hangovers may involve impaired cognitive functions and performance of everyday tasks such as driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Gunn
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies and Department of PsychologyUniversity of BathBathUK
| | - Marlou Mackus
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of PsychopharmacologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Chris Griffin
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies and Department of PsychologyUniversity of BathBathUK
| | - Marcus R. Munafò
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies and School of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of BristolBristolUK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Sally Adams
- UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies and Department of PsychologyUniversity of BathBathUK
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Farokhnia M, Lee MR, Farinelli LA, Ramchandani VA, Akhlaghi F, Leggio L. Pharmacological manipulation of the ghrelin system and alcohol hangover symptoms in heavy drinking individuals: Is there a link? Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 172:39-49. [PMID: 30030128 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide synthesized in the stomach, is a key player in the gut-brain axis. In addition to its role in regulating food intake and energy homeostasis, ghrelin has been shown to modulate alcohol-related behaviors. Alcohol consumption frequently results in hangover, an underexplored phenomenon with considerable medical, psychological, and socioeconomic consequences. While the pathophysiology of hangover is not clear, contributions of mechanisms such as alcohol-induced metabolic/endocrine changes, inflammatory/immune response, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis have been reported. Interestingly, these mechanisms considerably overlap with ghrelin's physiological functions. Here, we investigated whether pharmacological manipulation of the ghrelin system may affect alcohol hangover symptoms. Data were obtained from two placebo-controlled laboratory studies. The first study tested the effects of intravenous (IV) ghrelin and consisted of two experiments: a progressive-ratio IV alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA) and a fixed-dose IV alcohol clamp. The second study tested the effects of an oral ghrelin receptor inverse agonist (PF-5190457) and included a fixed-dose oral alcohol administration experiment. Alcohol hangover data were collected the morning after each alcohol administration experiment using the Acute Hangover Scale (AHS). IV ghrelin, compared to placebo, significantly reduced alcohol hangover after IV-ASA (p = 0.04) and alcohol clamp (p = 0.04); PF-5190457 had no significant effect on AHS scores. Females reported significantly higher hangover symptoms than males following the IV-ASA experiment (p = 0.04), but no gender × drug condition (ghrelin vs. placebo) effect was found. AHS total scores were positively correlated with peak subjective responses, including 'stimulation' (p = 0.08), 'sedation' (p = 0.009), 'feel high' (p = 0.05), and 'feel intoxicated' (p = 0.03) during the IV-ASA. IV ghrelin blunted the positive association between alcohol sedation and hangover as shown by trend-level drug × sedation effect (p = 0.08). This is the first study showing that exogenous ghrelin administration, but not ghrelin receptor inverse agonism, affects hangover symptoms. Future research should investigate the potential mechanism(s) underlying this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Farokhnia
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary R Lee
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa A Farinelli
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vijay A Ramchandani
- Section on Human Psychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fatemeh Akhlaghi
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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14
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The effects of alcohol hangover on future drinking behavior and the development of alcohol problems. Addict Behav 2018; 78:209-215. [PMID: 29216570 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol hangover experiences in young adulthood have been shown to predict more subsequent alcohol problems. Hangover susceptibility appears to be partially heritable and related to family history of alcohol use disorders. However, very little is known about the developmental course of these associations and whether they are accounted for by an individual's drinking history. The goal of this study is to investigate the prospective and unique relationships between family history of alcohol use disorders, severity of alcohol hangover experiences in adolescence, and later alcohol use and related problems measured over 13years. METHODS Participants were first assessed on family history at age 12-14, prior to initiating drinking, and re-assessed annually on hangover severity, drinks per drinking day (DPDD), and alcohol-related problems throughout the 13-year follow-up period (n=205; 59% male). RESULTS In mixed effects negative binomial regression models, greater family history density scores predicted more future DPDD (Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR]=1.19, p=0.04), alcohol problems (IRR=1.64, p=0.05), and future hangover severity (IRR=1.24; p=0.01). In turn, greater hangover severity predicted more future DPDD (IRR=1.03; p=0.002) and alcohol problems (IRR=1.12, p<0.001), and hangover severity mediated the relationship between family history and alcohol use/problems. All models controlled for participant age, sex, and past drinking behavior (where relevant). CONCLUSIONS These results advance the alcohol hangover experience during late adolescence as a clinically relevant and uniquely informative marker of future alcohol use and problems, above and beyond that of prior personal or familial drinking history.
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15
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Asorey LG, Carbone S, Gonzalez BJ, Cutrera RA. Behavioral effects of the combined use of alcohol and energy drinks on alcohol hangover in an experimental mice model. Neurosci Lett 2018; 670:1-7. [PMID: 29355695 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In last few years it has been a significant increase in the consumption of alcohol combined with energy drink. The aim of this work was to study the effect of this mixture in motor and affective behaviors during an alcohol hangover episode. Male Swiss mice received one of the following treatments: saline + sucrose; saline + energy drink; ethanol + sucrose; ethanol + energy drink. Ethanol dose was 3.8 g/kg BW (i.p.) and energy drink dose was 18 ml/kg BW (gavage) at ZT1 (8 am) (ZT: Zeitgeber time; ZT0: 7 am; lights on). The behavioral tests used were tight rope test to determine motor coordination; hanging wire test to study muscular strength; elevated plus maze and open field tests to evaluate anxiety like-behavior and locomotor activity. Tests were carried out at basal point that matched with lights onset and every 6 h up to 18 h after treatments. Hangover onset was established at ZT7 when blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was almost zero. Our results showed that the mixture of alcohol and energy drink altered significantly motor skills. Specifically, a significant decrease was observed in the performance of the animals in the tightrope and hanging wire tests in groups treated with the mixture of alcohol and energy drink. A significant impairment in the anxiety-like behavior was observed mainly at the beginning of alcohol hangover. These findings suggest that energy drink added to alcohol extends motor disabilities observed during an alcohol hangover episode in comparison with animals that received alcohol alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas G Asorey
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Carbone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bárbara J Gonzalez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo A Cutrera
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Vatsalya V, Stangl BL, Schmidt VY, Ramchandani VA. Characterization of hangover following intravenous alcohol exposure in social drinkers: methodological and clinical implications. Addict Biol 2018; 23:493-502. [PMID: 27860050 PMCID: PMC5426994 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hangover refers to the cluster of physiological and behavioral symptoms that occur following the end of a drinking episode. While hangover has been studied after the typical oral consumption of alcohol, the occurrence of hangover following intravenous (IV) alcohol administration in human laboratory studies has not been previously reported. This study characterizes hangover symptoms and post-infusion drinking behavior following acute IV alcohol administration in social drinkers. Twenty-one to thirty-year-old healthy social drinkers (n = 24) underwent an alcohol clamp session at breath alcohol concentration of 0.06 percent. Hangover symptoms as well as any post-infusion drinking that occurred between the end of the session and the following morning were assessed using the Acute Hangover Scale, and examined for influences of recent drinking history, family history of alcoholism and Sex. Results indicated a 79 percent prevalence of hangover symptoms, with the most common symptoms being 'tired', 'thirsty' and 'headache'. Recent drinking measures showed significant effects on Average Hangover Scale scores, with heavier drinkers showing greater hangover symptoms. There was a significant sex difference in average hangover scores, with females reporting higher scores than males. Subjective measures of stimulation and intoxication were also associated with Average Hangover Scale scores. The probability of post-infusion drinking was not predicted by hangover scores, but was related to recent drinking history; subjective response to alcohol was a significant mediator of this relationship. These findings demonstrate that hangover symptoms are experienced following IV alcohol administration, and extend previous studies of influences of risk factors for alcohol use disorders including recent drinking on hangover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsalya Vatsalya
- Section on Human Psychopharmacology, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, USA
| | - Bethany L Stangl
- Section on Human Psychopharmacology, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, USA
| | - Veronica Y Schmidt
- Section on Human Psychopharmacology, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, USA
| | - Vijay A Ramchandani
- Section on Human Psychopharmacology, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, USA
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17
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Lydon-Staley DM, Ram N, Brose A, Schmiedek F. Reduced impact of alcohol use on next-day tiredness in older relative to younger adults: A role for sleep duration. Psychol Aging 2017; 32:642-653. [PMID: 29022725 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has suggested that older adults may be less susceptible to the next-day effects of alcohol relative to younger adults. The effects of alcohol in younger adults may be mediated by sleep duration, but due to age differences in the contexts of alcohol use, this mediation process may not generalize to older adults. The present study examined age-group (younger vs. older adults) differences in how alcohol use influenced next-day tiredness during daily life. Reports of alcohol use, sleep duration, and next-day tiredness obtained on ∼101 days from 91 younger adults (ages 20-31 years) and 75 older adults (ages 65-80 years) were modeled using a multilevel, moderated mediation framework. Findings indicated that (a) greater-than-usual alcohol use was associated with greater-than-usual tiredness in younger adults only, (b) greater-than-usual alcohol use was associated with shorter-than-usual sleep duration in younger adults only, and (c) shorter-than-usual sleep duration was associated with greater tiredness in both younger and older adults. For the prototypical younger adult, a significant portion (43%) of the association between alcohol use and next-day tiredness could be explained assuming mediation through sleep duration, whereas there was no evidence of mediation for the prototypical older adult. Findings of age differences in the mediation process underlying associations among alcohol use, sleep, and tiredness provide insight into the mechanisms driving recent observations of reduced next-day effects of alcohol in older relative to younger adults. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Lydon-Staley
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Nilam Ram
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
| | | | - Florian Schmiedek
- Center for Life Span Psychology, Max Plank Institute for Human Development
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18
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Karadayian AG, Malanga G, Czerniczyniec A, Lombardi P, Bustamante J, Lores-Arnaiz S. Free radical production and antioxidant status in brain cortex non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes at alcohol hangover onset. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:692-703. [PMID: 28450149 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover (AH) is the pathophysiological state after a binge-like drinking. We have previously demonstrated that AH induced bioenergetics impairments in a total fresh mitochondrial fraction in brain cortex and cerebellum. The aim of this work was to determine free radical production and antioxidant systems in non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes in control and hangover animals. Superoxide production was not modified in non-synaptic mitochondria while a 17.5% increase was observed in synaptosomes. A similar response was observed for cardiolipin content as no changes were evidenced in non-synaptic mitochondria while a 55% decrease in cardiolipin content was found in synaptosomes. Hydrogen peroxide production was 3-fold increased in non-synaptic mitochondria and 4-fold increased in synaptosomes. In the presence of deprenyl, synaptosomal H2O2 production was 67% decreased in the AH condition. Hydrogen peroxide generation was not affected by deprenyl addition in non-synaptic mitochondria from AH mice. MAO activity was 57% increased in non-synaptic mitochondria and 3-fold increased in synaptosomes. Catalase activity was 40% and 50% decreased in non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes, respectively. Superoxide dismutase was 60% decreased in non-synaptic mitochondria and 80% increased in synaptosomal fractions. On the other hand, GSH (glutathione) content was 43% and 17% decreased in synaptosomes and cytosol. GSH-related enzymes were mostly affected in synaptosomes fractions by AH condition. Acetylcholinesterase activity in synaptosomes was 11% increased due to AH. The present work reveals that AH provokes an imbalance in the cellular redox homeostasis mainly affecting mitochondria present in synaptic terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Malanga
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Czerniczyniec
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paulina Lombardi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juanita Bustamante
- Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Kruisselbrink LD, Bervoets AC, de Klerk S, van de Loo AJAE, Verster JC. Hangover resistance in a Canadian University student population. Addict Behav Rep 2017; 5:14-18. [PMID: 29450223 PMCID: PMC5800592 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to alcohol hangover may be a risk factor for alcohol use disorder. Previous research to establish the prevalence of hangover resistance in a drinking population has either not used comparable intoxication levels or has considered hangover resistance over a limited time frame. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of lifetime hangover negative (LHN) drinkers across comparable eBAC values ranging from 0 to 500 mg/dl. Methods Students at an eastern Canadian university were surveyed about their heaviest drinking episode in the past month and indicated whether they had ever experienced a hangover in their lifetime (LHN) and, if they had, the hangover severity they experienced the next day. eBACs were calculated and the percentage of LHN drinkers was computed at each 10 mg/dl eBAC increment from 0 to 500 mg/dl. Results Most LHN drinkers (58% female, 71% male) had an eBAC on their heaviest drinking occasion below 80 mg/dl. Above eBACs of 80 mg/dl, 5.8% of female and 5.1% of male drinkers were lifetime hangover negative. Conclusions The results suggest that only a small percentage of heavy drinkers lay claim to being lifetime hangover negative. The estimated BAC of more than half of male and female lifetime hangover negative drinkers was below 80 mg%. Approximately 5% of drinkers registering estimated BAC’s beyond 80 mg% claim to be lifetime hangover negative. Biological and psychological hypotheses are proposed to explain why heavy drinkers may be lifetime hangover negative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suzanne de Klerk
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joris C Verster
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Stephens R, Holloway K, Grange JA, Owen L, Jones K, Kruisselbrink D. Does familial risk for alcohol use disorder predict alcohol hangover? Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1795-1802. [PMID: 28303371 PMCID: PMC5486944 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Positive family history of alcohol use disorder (FHP), a variable associated with propensity for alcohol use disorder (AUD), has been linked with elevated hangover frequency and severity, after controlling for alcohol use. This implies that hangover experiences may be related to AUD. However, inadequate control of alcohol consumption levels, low alcohol dose and testing for hangover during the intoxication phase detract from these findings. Here, we present further data pertinent to understanding the relationship between family history and alcohol hangover. METHODS Study 1 compared past year hangover frequency in a survey of 24 FHP and 118 family history negative (FHN) individuals. Study 2 applied a quasi-experimental naturalistic approach assessing concurrent hangover severity in 17 FHP and 32 FHN individuals the morning after drinking alcohol. Both studies applied statistical control for alcohol consumption levels. RESULTS In Study 1, both FHP status and estimated blood alcohol concentration on the heaviest drinking evening of the past month predicted the frequency of hangover symptoms experienced over the previous 12 months. In Study 2, estimated blood alcohol concentration the previous evening predicted hangover severity but FHP status did not. CONCLUSIONS FHP, indicating familial risk for AUD, was not associated with concurrent hangover severity but was associated with increased estimates of hangover frequency the previous year.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kara Holloway
- 0000 0004 0415 6205grid.9757.cKeele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG Newcastle, UK
| | - James A. Grange
- 0000 0004 0415 6205grid.9757.cKeele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG Newcastle, UK
| | - Lauren Owen
- 0000 0001 2167 3843grid.7943.9Psychology Department, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), Fylde Rd, PR1 2HE Preston, UK
| | - Kate Jones
- 0000 0004 1769 7123grid.420622.0Health and Safety Laboratory, Buxton, UK
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Huntley G, Treloar H, Blanchard A, Monti PM, Carey KB, Rohsenow DJ, Miranda R. An event-level investigation of hangovers' relationship to age and drinking. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2015; 23:314-323. [PMID: 26280593 PMCID: PMC4579002 DOI: 10.1037/pha0000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Animal and human data suggest that adolescents experience hangover effects that are distinct from adults. The present study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods to examine the temporal relationships between drinking and hangovers, and how this varied by age and sex. We hypothesized that alcohol's dose-dependent effects on hangover severity are more pronounced among adolescents and young adults than older drinkers. We also explored whether greater hangover severity would lead to a lower likelihood and volume of alcohol use later the same day. Data were pooled from 4 studies of drinkers (N = 274; ages 15 to 66 years) who completed a 4- to 14-day (M = 7.46, SD = 1.13) EMA monitoring period. Each morning, participants recorded how much alcohol they consumed the day before and rated their hangover severity. Participants who consumed a greater quantity of alcohol the prior day reported more severe hangover symptoms; however, there was an interaction between drinking volume and age, such that hangover was more severe among younger drinkers, especially at higher drinking levels. More severe hangover symptoms did not predict the likelihood of drinking later that day; however, on drinking days, more severe hangover symptoms predicted lower quantities of alcohol use later that day. This event-level effect did not vary as a function of age. Study outcomes did not vary by sex. Our findings suggest that younger drinkers experience more severe hangovers, and that greater hangover results in lighter drinking later that same day regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayley Treloar
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
| | | | - Peter M. Monti
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
| | - Kate B. Carey
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
| | - Damaris J. Rohsenow
- The Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center and also at the Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
| | - Robert Miranda
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University
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22
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Alcohol hangover induces mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical production in mouse cerebellum. Neuroscience 2015; 304:47-59. [PMID: 26192095 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover (AH) is defined as the temporary state after alcohol binge-like drinking, starting when ethanol (EtOH) is absent in plasma. Previous data indicate that AH induces mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical production in mouse brain cortex. The aim of this work was to study mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species production in mouse cerebellum at the onset of AH. Male mice received a single i.p. injection of EtOH (3.8g/kg BW) or saline solution. Mitochondrial function was evaluated 6h after injection (AH onset). At the onset of AH, malate-glutamate and succinate-supported state 4 oxygen uptake was 2.3 and 1.9-fold increased leading to a reduction in respiratory control of 55% and 48% respectively, as compared with controls. Decreases of 38% and 16% were found in Complex I-III and IV activities. Complex II-III activity was not affected by AH. Mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability changes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential and permeability were decreased by AH in cerebellum mitochondria. Together with this, AH induced a 25% increase in superoxide anion and a 92% increase in hydrogen peroxide production in cerebellum mitochondria. Related to nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein expression was 52% decreased by the hangover condition compared with control group. No differences were found in cerebellum NO production between control and treated mice. The present work demonstrates that the physiopathological state of AH involves mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse cerebellum showing the long-lasting effects of acute EtOH exposure in the central nervous system.
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Wu SH, Guo Q, Viken RJ, Reed T, Dai J. Heritability of usual alcohol intoxication and hangover in male twins: the NAS-NRC Twin Registry. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 38:2307-13. [PMID: 25156618 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is influenced by heritable factors. The genetic influence on usual high-density drinking, including alcohol intoxication and hangover, is unknown. We aim to estimate the heritability of usual high-density drinking. METHODS A total of 13,511 male twins in this cross-sectional study were included from the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council (NAS-NRC) Twin Registry. Data on the frequency of alcohol intoxication and alcohol hangover over the past year, that is, usual high-density drinking (phenotypes), were collected through a self-administered questionnaire when twins were middle-aged in 1972. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the variance components of phenotypes. RESULTS The mean of the frequency of usual high-density drinking in the entire twin population was 0.16 times per month for intoxication and 0.18 times per month for hangover. The heritability of usual alcohol intoxication was 50.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 46.2 to 55.0) before and 49.9% (95% CI 45.3 to 54.2) after the body mass index (BMI) adjustment. The heritability of usual hangover was 55.4% (95% CI 51.2 to 58.6) before and 54.8% (95% CI 50.6 to 58.8) after adjustment for BMI. Unshared environmental factors between co-twins explained the remaining variance in alcohol intoxication and in hangover. CONCLUSIONS Both genetic and unshared environmental factors have important influences on usual alcohol intoxication and hangover. These findings are important in understanding the occurrence of and developing interventions for usual high-density drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hui Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Slutske WS, Piasecki TM, Nathanson L, Statham DJ, Martin NG. Genetic influences on alcohol-related hangover. Addiction 2014; 109:2027-34. [PMID: 25098862 DOI: 10.1111/add.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To quantify the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to alcohol hangover. DESIGN Biometric models were used to partition the variance in hangover phenotypes. SETTING A community-based sample of Australian twins. PARTICIPANTS Members of the Australian Twin Registry, Cohort II who reported consuming alcohol in the past year when surveyed in 2004-07 (n = 4496). MEASUREMENTS Telephone interviews assessed participants' frequency of drinking to intoxication and frequency of hangover the day after drinking. Analyses examined three phenotypes: hangover frequency, hangover susceptibility (i.e. residual variance in hangover frequency after accounting for intoxication frequency) and hangover resistance (a dichotomous variable defined as having been intoxicated at least once in the past year with no reported hangovers). FINDINGS Genetic factors accounted for 45% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 37-53%] and 40% (95% CI = 33-48%) of the variation in hangover frequency in men and women, respectively. Most of the genetic variation in hangover frequency overlapped with genetic contributions to intoxication frequency. Genetic influences accounted for 24% (95% CI = 14-35%) and 16% (95% CI = 8-25%) of the residual hangover susceptibility variance in men and women, respectively. Forty-three per cent (95% CI = 22-63%) of the variation in hangover resistance was explained by genetic influences, with no evidence for significant sex differences. There was no evidence for shared environmental influences for any of the hangover phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Individual differences in the propensity to experience a hangover and of being resistant to hangover at a given level of alcohol use are genetically influenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy S Slutske
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Karadayian AG, Lores-Arnaiz S, Cutrera RA. The effect of constant darkness and circadian resynchronization on the recovery of alcohol hangover. Behav Brain Res 2014; 268:94-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Alterations in affective behavior during the time course of alcohol hangover. Behav Brain Res 2013; 253:128-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Karadayian AG, Cutrera RA. Alcohol hangover: Type and time-extension of motor function impairments. Behav Brain Res 2013; 247:165-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Jackson KM, Rohsenow DJ, Piasecki TM, Howland J, Richardson AE. Role of tobacco smoking in hangover symptoms among university students. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2013. [PMID: 23200149 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2013.74.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although hangover results from excessive alcohol consumption, the specific pathways through which hangover symptoms arise have not been elucidated. Research on predictors of hangover sensitivity may provide clues about such mechanisms. The present study investigated whether tobacco smoking on days of heavy drinking affects next-day hangover incidence and severity. METHOD The study drew on diary data from a study on smoking and drinking among 113 students at a midwestern university in the United States. Participants completed a daily, web-based, 26-item survey for 8 weeks to assess prior-day alcohol and tobacco use as well as current-day hangover symptoms. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to test the hypothesis that amount of smoking is related to hangover, controlling for amount of alcohol consumed, sex, and other individual characteristics. Analyses were conducted after selecting only days with alcohol consumption levels that typically elicit hangover, then repeated on lighter drinking days for comparison. Validity of the hangover items was checked by comparing reports after such heavy drinking days with days of lighter drinking. RESULTS Across all possible person-days, 92% of daily reports were obtained. When selecting only events where an estimated blood alcohol concentration of 110 mg/dl was attained, smoking significantly increased the odds of hangover incidence and hangover severity while controlling for number of drinks consumed and sex. Additional analyses controlling for age first smoked regularly, frequency of drug use, type of drug involvement, or smoking status resulted in findings that were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Smoking more on heavy drinking days affects hangover sensitivity and severity, possibly because of acute pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Jackson
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Lewis SS, Hutchinson MR, Zhang Y, Hund DK, Maier SF, Rice KC, Watkins LR. Glucuronic acid and the ethanol metabolite ethyl-glucuronide cause toll-like receptor 4 activation and enhanced pain. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 30:24-32. [PMID: 23348028 PMCID: PMC3641160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously observed that the non-opioid morphine metabolite, morphine-3-glucuronide, enhances pain via a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) dependent mechanism. The present studies were undertaken to determine whether TLR4-dependent pain enhancement generalizes to other classes of glucuronide metabolites. In silico modeling predicted that glucuronic acid alone and ethyl glucuronide, a minor but long-lasting ethanol metabolite, would dock to the same MD-2 portion of the TLR4 receptor complex previously characterized as the docking site for morphine-3-glucuronide. Glucuronic acid, ethyl glucuronide and ethanol all caused an increase in TLR4-dependent reporter protein expression in a cell line transfected with TLR4 and associated co-signaling molecules. Glucuronic acid-, ethyl glucuronide-, and ethanol-induced increases in TLR4 signaling were blocked by the TLR4 antagonists LPS-RS and (+)-naloxone. Glucuronic acid and ethyl glucuronide both caused allodynia following intrathecal injection in rats, which was blocked by intrathecal co-administration of the TLR4 antagonist LPS-RS. The finding that ethyl glucuronide can cause TLR4-dependent pain could have implications for human conditions such as hangover headache and alcohol withdrawal hyperalgesia, as well as suggesting that other classes of glucuronide metabolites could have similar effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah S. Lewis
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark R. Hutchinson
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yingning Zhang
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Dana K. Hund
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Steven F. Maier
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Linda R. Watkins
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA,Corresponding author: Linda R. Watkins, Department of Psychology, Campus Box 345, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA 80309-0345, , Fax: (303) 492-2967, Phone: (303) 492-7034
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Piasecki TM, Alley KJ, Slutske WS, Wood PK, Sher KJ, Shiffman S, Heath AC. Low sensitivity to alcohol: relations with hangover occurrence and susceptibility in an ecological momentary assessment investigation. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2013; 73:925-32. [PMID: 23036210 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2012.73.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current investigation tested whether low sensitivity to alcohol, as measured by the Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) form, is associated with hangover occurrence or resistance, two potentially important predictors of later problematic drinking outcomes. METHOD Drinkers who reported using alcohol at least four times in the past month (N = 402) completed the SRE at baseline and used ecological momentary assessment methods with an electronic diary to record drinking behaviors and related experiences over 21 days. Each morning, the diary assessed prior-night drinking behaviors and the presence of current hangover. RESULTS After adjustments for sex, body weight, age, and smoking status, higher SRE scores (indicating lower alcohol sensitivity) predicted hangover occurrence on postdrinking mornings (odds ratio [OR] = 1.24 per interquartile range [IQR], p = .003). However, when the number of drinks consumed in the drinking episode was covaried, SRE scores were negatively associated with hangover (OR = 0.67 per IQR, p <.001). An interaction between SRE scores and the number of drinks consumed indicated that low-sensitivity drinkers tend to be differentially resistant to hangover at a given number of drinks. Higher SRE scores were associated with consuming more drinks on average (generalized estimating equations coefficient = 2.20 per IQR, p <.001). CONCLUSIONS Individuals lower in alcohol sensitivity appear to be more resistant to hangovers per unit of alcohol. However, they are also more likely to engage in excessive drinking, and this may account for their increased odds of experiencing hangover during an arbitrary monitoring period. Heavy consumption, hangover resistance, and hangover frequency may each be manifestations of low sensitivity to alcohol, an established risk factor for alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Piasecki
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, St. Louis and Columbia, Missouri.
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Penning R, McKinney A, Verster JC. Alcohol hangover symptoms and their contribution to the overall hangover severity. Alcohol Alcohol 2012; 47:248-52. [PMID: 22434663 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/ags029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Scientific literature suggests a large number of symptoms that may be present the day after excessive alcohol consumption. The purpose of this study was to explore the presence and severity of hangover symptoms, and determine their interrelationship. METHODS A survey was conducted among n = 1410 Dutch students examining their drinking behavior and latest alcohol hangover. The severity of 47 presumed hangover symptoms were scored on a 10-point scale ranging from 0 (absent) to 10 (maximal). Factor analysis was conducted to summarize the data into groups of associated symptoms that contribute significantly to the alcohol hangover and symptoms that do not. RESULTS About half of the participants (56.1%, n = 791) reported having had a hangover during the past month. Most commonly reported and most severe hangover symptoms were fatigue (95.5%) and thirst (89.1%). Factor analysis revealed 11 factors that together account for 62% of variance. The most prominent factor 'drowsiness' (explained variance 28.8%) included symptoms such as drowsiness, fatigue, sleepiness and weakness. The second factor 'cognitive problems' (explained variance 5.9%) included symptoms such as reduced alertness, memory and concentration problems. Other factors, including the factor 'disturbed water balance' comprising frequently reported symptoms such as 'dry mouth' and 'thirst', contributed much less to the overall hangover (explained variance <5%). CONCLUSION Drowsiness and impaired cognitive functioning are the two dominant features of alcohol hangover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renske Penning
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
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Rohsenow DJ, Howland J, Winter M, Bliss CA, Littlefield CA, Heeren TC, Calise TV. Hangover sensitivity after controlled alcohol administration as predictor of post-college drinking. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2011; 121:270-5. [PMID: 21859168 DOI: 10.1037/a0024706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Predicting continued problematic levels of drinking after the early 20's could help with early identification of persons at risk. This study investigated whether hangover insensitivity could predict postcollege drinking and problems beyond the variance due to drinking patterns. In a preliminary study, 134 college seniors from a laboratory study of hangover (Time 1) were contacted and assessed 1-4 years (M = 2.3) later (Time 2). Hangover severity was studied after controlled alcohol administration to a specific dose while controlling sleep and environmental influences. Hangover severity at Time 1 was used to predict Time 2 drinking volume and problems while controlling for relevant demographics and Time 1 drinking volume. Hangover insensitivity at Time 1 tended to predict a clinical level of alcohol problems with a large statistical effect size. Hangover sensitivity also correlated positively with sensitivity to alcohol intoxication. Hangover severity did not predict future drinking volume. Hangover insensitivity correlates with insensitivity to intoxication and might predict more serious alcohol problems in the future, suggesting that a future larger study is warranted. Hangover insensitivity could result from physiological factors underlying low sensitivity to alcohol or risk for alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damaris J Rohsenow
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University Box G-S121-5, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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Robertson BM, Piasecki TM, Slutske WS, Wood PK, Sher KJ, Shiffman S, Heath AC. Validity of the hangover symptoms scale: evidence from an electronic diary study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2011; 36:171-7. [PMID: 21762183 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hangover Symptoms Scale (HSS) assesses the frequency of 13 symptoms experienced after drinking in the past year. Cross-sectional analyses in college drinkers showed preliminary evidence for the validity of the HSS (Slutske et al., 2003). The current investigation extended this work by examining the construct validity of the HSS in an ecological momentary assessment investigation. METHODS Frequent drinkers (N = 404) carried electronic diaries to track their daily experiences over 3 weeks. Each morning, the diary assessed prior-night drinking behaviors, the presence of current hangover, and intensity of current headache and nausea. RESULTS Adjusting for sex and body mass, the HSS significantly predicted diary endorsement of hangover (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.78 to 2.49, p < 0.001). Participants who endorsed the HSS headache and nausea items were especially likely to report the elevations of corresponding symptoms in diary records made the morning after drinking. HSS scores incrementally predicted hangover when the number of drinks consumed in the episode was covaried but did not moderate the relationship between the number of drinks and diary hangover reports. CONCLUSIONS The HSS appears to be a valid tool for hangover research. Higher HSS scores identify individuals who complain of "real world" hangovers and who may be especially likely to display particular symptoms after a night of drinking. Past hangovers predicted future hangovers, suggesting hangovers do not necessarily discourage or inhibit future drinking, at least across the several-week time interval studied here. There is a need to develop and evaluate complementary measures that can more directly index individual differences in hangover susceptibility in survey designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Robertson
- Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Maxwell CR, Spangenberg RJ, Hoek JB, Silberstein SD, Oshinsky ML. Acetate causes alcohol hangover headache in rats. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15963. [PMID: 21209842 PMCID: PMC3013144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of veisalgia cephalgia or hangover headache is unknown. Despite a lack of mechanistic studies, there are a number of theories positing congeners, dehydration, or the ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde as causes of hangover headache. METHODS We used a chronic headache model to examine how pure ethanol produces increased sensitivity for nociceptive behaviors in normally hydrated rats. RESULTS Ethanol initially decreased sensitivity to mechanical stimuli on the face (analgesia), followed 4 to 6 hours later by inflammatory pain. Inhibiting alcohol dehydrogenase extended the analgesia whereas inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase decreased analgesia. Neither treatment had nociceptive effects. Direct administration of acetate increased nociceptive behaviors suggesting that acetate, not acetaldehyde, accumulation results in hangover-like hypersensitivity in our model. Since adenosine accumulation is a result of acetate formation, we administered an adenosine antagonist that blocked hypersensitivity. DISCUSSION Our study shows that acetate contributes to hangover headache. These findings provide insight into the mechanism of hangover headache and the mechanism of headache induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina R. Maxwell
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Jay Spangenberg
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jan B. Hoek
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephen D. Silberstein
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Oshinsky
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Verster JC, Stephens R, Penning R, Rohsenow D, McGeary J, Levy D, McKinney A, Finnigan F, Piasecki TM, Adan A, Batty GD, Fliervoet LAL, Heffernan T, Howland J, Kim DJ, Kruisselbrink LD, Ling J, McGregor N, Murphy RJL, van Nuland M, Oudelaar M, Parkes A, Prat G, Reed N, Slutske WS, Smith G, Young M. The alcohol hangover research group consensus statement on best practice in alcohol hangover research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 3:116-26. [PMID: 20712593 DOI: 10.2174/1874473711003020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-induced hangover, defined by a series of symptoms, is the most commonly reported consequence of excessive alcohol consumption. Alcohol hangovers contribute to workplace absenteeism, impaired job performance, reduced productivity, poor academic achievement, and may compromise potentially dangerous daily activities such as driving a car or operating heavy machinery. These socioeconomic consequences and health risks of alcohol hangover are much higher when compared to various common diseases and other health risk factors. Nevertheless, unlike alcohol intoxication the hangover has received very little scientific attention and studies have often yielded inconclusive results. Systematic research is important to increase our knowledge on alcohol hangover and its consequences. This consensus paper of the Alcohol Hangover Research Group discusses methodological issues that should be taken into account when performing future alcohol hangover research. Future research should aim to (1) further determine the pathology of alcohol hangover, (2) examine the role of genetics, (3) determine the economic costs of alcohol hangover, (4) examine sex and age differences, (5) develop common research tools and methodologies to study hangover effects, (6) focus on factor that aggravate hangover severity (e.g., congeners), and (7) develop effective hangover remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris C Verster
- Utrecht University, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Science, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht, The Neterlands.
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Piasecki TM, Slutske WS, Wood PK, Hunt-Carter EE. Frequency and correlates of diary-measured hangoverlike experiences in a college sample. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2010; 24:163-9. [PMID: 20307125 DOI: 10.1037/a0017148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A sample of college students, oversampled for smoking (N = 127, 43% smokers), monitored their daily experiences using electronic diaries over 14 days. We examined the frequency and correlates of liberally defined hangoverlike experiences (HLEs) using data from 1,595 person-days (1,325 after abstention from drinking and 270 after drinking, including 125 HLEs). More than 40% of the sample reported at least one HLE, and nearly half of all drinking episodes were followed by HLE. Endorsement of HLE was more likely as the number of drinks increased and was associated with modest elevations of hangover symptoms. Gender did not predict rates of overall HLE endorsement, but male students were less likely than female students to report an HLE after a drinking episode and showed a weaker relation between number of drinks and HLE. Smokers were more likely to report HLE, but there was no evidence that smoking status was associated with increased HLE susceptibility. Self-reported parental alcohol problems were associated with more frequent HLE and incrementally predicted HLE endorsement when number of drinks was covaried. The findings suggest that HLE is a common outcome of college drinking and attest to the feasibility of using electronic diaries to assess its episode- and person-level correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Piasecki
- Department of Psychological Sciences, 210 McAlester Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Piasecki TM, Robertson BM, Epler AJ. Hangover and risk for alcohol use disorders: existing evidence and potential mechanisms. CURRENT DRUG ABUSE REVIEWS 2010; 3:92-102. [PMID: 20712598 PMCID: PMC4264051 DOI: 10.2174/1874473711003020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hangover may be related to propensity to develop alcohol use disorders (AUDs). However, the etiological role, if any, played by hangover in AUD is unclear. From a motivational perspective, hangover can be construed as either a deterrent to future alcohol consumption or a setting event for negative reinforcement that could promote deviant drinking practices (e.g., "hair-of-the-dog" drinking). Hangover could be related to AUD risk even if it does not play a direct role in promoting or inhibiting near-term drinking. For example, measures of hangover might serve as symptoms of AUD or as markers of individual differences that more directly account for AUD risk. Empirical evidence (though usually indirect) exists to support contentions that hangover is related to both risk for and protection from AUD. In this article, we briefly address variation in assessment strategies in existing hangover research because measures of hangover frequency and hangover susceptibility may prove to have different correlates. Next, we review the existing, limited evidence on relations between hangover and AUD risk. Finally, we sketch a variety of theoretically-informed hypotheses that might help delineate productive lines of inquiry for this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Piasecki
- Department of Psychological Sciences, 210 McAlester Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Abstract
AIMS To investigate predictors of hangover during a week of heavy drinking in young adults. Design Observational prospective study. METHODS A total of 112 young Danish tourists were interviewed on three occasions during their holiday. They completed the Acute Hangover Scale and answered questions about their alcohol consumption and rest duration. The incidence of hangover was analysed as the proportion of heavy drinkers (i.e. those reporting drinking more than 12 standard units of alcohol during the night before) scoring above the 90th percentile of light drinkers (i.e. those who had consumed fewer than seven standard units the night before). We estimated the course and predictors of hangover using random effects regression. RESULTS The incidence of hangover was 68% after drinking more than 12 standard units in the whole sample. The severity of hangover increased significantly during a week of heavy drinking and there was a time x number of drinks interaction, indicating that the impact of alcohol consumed on hangover became more pronounced later in the week. Levels of drinking before the holiday did not predict hangover. CONCLUSIONS Hangovers after heavy drinking during holidays appear to be related both to amount drunk and time into the holiday.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Hesse
- University of Aarhus, Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Copenhagen Division, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark.
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Howland J, Rohsenow DJ, Bliss CA, Almeida AB, Calise TV, Heeren T, Winter M. Hangover Predicts Residual Alcohol Effects on Psychomotor Vigilance the Morning After Intoxication. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 1. [PMID: 21643431 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105.1000101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Both hangover and performance deficits have been documented the day after drinking to intoxication after breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) has returned to near zero. But few studies have examined the relationship between hangover and post-intoxication performance. METHOD: We performed secondary analyses of data from a previously reported controlled cross-over laboratory study to assess the relationship of hangover incidence and severity to sustained attention/reaction time the morning after drinking to about 0.11 g% BrAC. Relationships were investigated while controlling for gender, type of alcoholic beverage (bourbon or vodka), and neurocognitive performance after placebo. RESULTS: Hangover severity and neurocognitive performance were significantly correlated. Participants reporting stronger hangover were more impaired than those reporting little or no hangover. Comparing any to no hangover showed a trend in the same direction of effect. CONCLUSIONS: More intense hangover may indicate less fitness for duty in workers in certain safety-sensitive occupations, with implications for occupational alcohol policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Howland
- Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 4th Floor, Boston, MA 02118
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