1
|
Kalonia A, Kumar Sharma A, Shaw P, Kumar A, Bhatt AN, Shukla A, Shukla SK. Ascorbate formulation improves healing efficacy in excisional wound mice model through interplay between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic markers. Cytokine 2023; 164:156158. [PMID: 36827818 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Biomedical research in regenerative medicine prompts researchers to formulate cost-effective therapeutics for wound healing. The present study was conducted to characterize the ascorbate based formulation vis-a-vis investigating the molecular dynamics of the formulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS To characterize the formulation, particle size, zeta potential, thermal stability, compatibility, anti-oxidant, and permeation prospective were measured using standard protocols. The in-vitro healing potential and safety formulae were evaluated using the L929 cell line. For molecular unravelling of the pharmacodynamics of formulation, an excision wound model was used, and 54 mice were randomly and equally divided into three groups, i.e., untreated, betadine-treated, and formulation-treated, to ascertain the interplay between cytokines and chemokines and their culminative role in the release of growth factors. RESULTS The ascorbate formulae were found to be amorphous, biocompatible, safe, and long-lasting, with particle sizes and zeta potentials of 389.7 ± 0.69 nm and -38.1 ± 0.65 mV, respectively, and anti-oxidative potential. An in-vitro study revealed that the formulation has a significant (p<0.05) migration potential and is non-toxic. Expression profiling of TGF-β, FGF-2, VEGF, and collagen III & I showed significant (p<0.05) up-regulation, whereas significant (p<0.05) down-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes like IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and temporal change in CCR-5 was observed in formulae-treated animals as compared to other groups. CONCLUSION By up-regulating angiogenic and collagen-promoting growth factor gene expression while down-regulating pro-inflammatory gene expression, ascorbate formulation promotes wound healing via extracellular matrix and granulation tissue deposition with significant improvement in tensile strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kalonia
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Sharma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Priyanka Shaw
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India
| | - Amit Shukla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Shukla
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Righi S, Prato E, Magnani G, Lama V, Biandolino F, Parlapiano I, Carella F, Iafisco M, Adamiano A. Calcium phosphates from fish bones in sunscreen: An LCA and toxicity study of an emerging material for circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160751. [PMID: 36493829 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of sustainable and natural materials is an ever-increasing trend in cosmetic. Natural calcium phosphate (CaP-N) from food by-products and especially from fisheries (i.e., bones), has been suggested as a sustainable option to chemicals commonly used in cosmetic products, in particular to UV-filters in sunscreens. However, the environmental benefits and impacts of its production and use are still uncertain as they have never been quantified. In this paper, we report on toxicological characterization of CaP-N produced from incineration of fish meal in a pilot scale plant. Furthermore, we quantified the environmental burdens linked to the partial substitution of UV-filters by CaP-N through the life cycle assessment (LCA) comparing CaP-N with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as alternative option. CaP-N consists in a biphasic mixture 53:47 of hydroxyapatite:β-tricalcium phosphate, and is made of round particles with a diameter in the range of a few microns. Toxicity tests on 4 aquatic species (Dunaliella tertiolecta, Tigriopus fulvus, Corophium insidiosum and Gammarus aequicauda) revealed that CaP-N does not produce any adverse effect, all the species showing EC/LC50 values higher than 100 mg L-1. Moreover, during the 96 h acute toxicity test on C. insidiosum, which is a tube-building species, the specimens built their tubes with the available CaP-N, further attesting the non-toxicity of the material. The LCA study showed that the environmental performance of CaP-N is better than that of ZnO NPs for 11 out of 16 impact categories analysed in this study, especially for the categories Ecotoxicity and Eutrophication of freshwaters (an order of magnitude lower), and with the exception of fossil resources for which CaP-N has a significantly higher impact than ZnO NPs (+140 %). Concluding, our study demonstrates that the replacement of ZnO NPs with CaP-N thermally extracted from fish bones in cosmetic products can increase their safety and sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Righi
- CIRSA (Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences), University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto, 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, viale Berti Pichat, 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Prato
- Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment of the Italian National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Taranto, Italy
| | - Giulia Magnani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Virginia Lama
- CIRSA (Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences), University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto, 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, viale Berti Pichat, 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Biandolino
- Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment of the Italian National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Taranto, Italy
| | - Isabella Parlapiano
- Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment of the Italian National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Taranto, Italy
| | - Francesca Carella
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC, ex ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC, ex ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy.
| | - Alessio Adamiano
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC, ex ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Self-Assembly of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Organic Colored Pigments as Reinforcement Matrix of Lipstick for Enhancing SPF. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2422618. [PMID: 35186182 PMCID: PMC8850073 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2422618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The vermilion of the human lip, covered by a skinny epithelium with little melanin, is quite susceptible to damage from ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. However, commercial sunscreen filters and indelible dyes used in lipsticks can cause health hazards after percutaneous absorption or accidentally oral administration. Inspired by plant pigmentation as natural filters to protect themselves against overexposure to UV, safer bio-based sunscreens of cellulose enveloped with anthocyanin (AN) were developed using bionic design. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), derived from acid hydrolysis of cellulose, reinforced enhancement of UV absorption and shielding properties of AN. This innovation addresses the issue that naturally sourced UV filter application to sunscreen does not achieve a desired sun protection factor (SPF) value because of the low specific extinction value (E1,1). We also stated that the diverse formula of anthocyanin sunscreen lipsticks with CNC exhibited 10 times more SPF value than AN alone. Furthermore, they possess competitive benefits such as pleasing texture, superior adhesion, impermeable, nonphototoxicity, ease of application, and removal. This work provides a promising proof-of-concept for studying the features of natural sunscreens in the design of simple, safe, efficient, and green sunscreens.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abe Y, Nishizawa M. Electrical aspects of skin as a pathway to engineering skin devices. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:041509. [PMID: 34849444 PMCID: PMC8604566 DOI: 10.1063/5.0064529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is one of the indispensable organs for life. The epidermis at the outermost surface provides a permeability barrier to infectious agents, chemicals, and excessive loss of water, while the dermis and subcutaneous tissue mechanically support the structure of the skin and appendages, including hairs and secretory glands. The integrity of the integumentary system is a key for general health, and many techniques have been developed to measure and control this protective function. In contrast, the effective skin barrier is the major obstacle for transdermal delivery and detection. Changes in the electrical properties of skin, such as impedance and ionic activity, is a practical indicator that reflects the structures and functions of the skin. For example, the impedance that reflects the hydration of the skin is measured for quantitative assessment in skincare, and the current generated across a wound is used for the evaluation and control of wound healing. Furthermore, the electrically charged structure of the skin enables transdermal drug delivery and chemical extraction. This paper provides an overview of the electrical aspects of the skin and summarizes current advances in the development of devices based on these features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuina Abe
- Department of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Matsuhiko Nishizawa
- Department of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Denda M, Nakanishi S. Do epidermal keratinocytes have sensory and information processing systems? Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:459-474. [PMID: 34726302 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It was long considered that the role of epidermal keratinocytes is solely to construct a water-impermeable protective membrane, the stratum corneum, at the uppermost layer of the skin. However, in the last two decades, it has been found that keratinocytes contain multiple sensory systems that detect environmental changes, including mechanical stimuli, sound, visible radiation, electric fields, magnetic fields, temperature and chemical stimuli, and also a variety of receptor molecules associated with olfactory or taste sensation. Moreover, neurotransmitters and their receptors that play crucial roles in the brain are functionally expressed in keratinocytes. Recent studies have demonstrated that excitation of keratinocytes can induce sensory perception in the brain. Here, we review the sensory and information processing capabilities of keratinocytes. We discuss the possibility that epidermal keratinocytes might represent the earliest stage in the development of the brain during the evolution of vertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Denda
- Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences, Meiji University, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8525, Japan
| | - Shinobu Nakanishi
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, Nishi-ku, Yokohama, 220-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Uskoković V. Dynamic Light Scattering Based Microelectrophoresis: Main Prospects and Limitations. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2012; 33:1762-1786. [PMID: 23904690 PMCID: PMC3726226 DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2011.625523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microelectrophoresis based on the dynamic light scattering (DLS) effect has been a major tool for assessing and controlling the conditions for stability of colloidal systems. However, both the DLS methods for characterization of the hydrodynamic size of dispersed submicron particles and the theory behind the electrokinetic phenomena are associated with fundamental and practical approximations that limit their sensitivity and information output. Some of these fundamental limitations, including the spherical approximation of DLS measurements and an inability of microelectrophoretic analyses of colloidal systems to detect discrete charges and differ between differently charged particle surfaces due to rotational diffusion and particle orientation averaging, are revisited in this work. Along with that, the main prospects of these two analytical methods are mentioned. A detailed review of the role of zeta potential in processes of biochemical nature is given too. It is argued that although zeta potential has been used as one of the main parameters in controlling the stability of colloidal dispersions, its application potentials are much broader. Manipulating surface charges of interacting species in designing complex soft matter morphologies using the concept of zeta potential, intensively investigated recently, is given as one of the examples. Branching out from the field of colloid chemistry, DLS and zeta potential analyses are now increasingly finding application in drug delivery, biotechnologies, physical chemistry of nanoscale phenomena and other research fields that stand on the frontier of the contemporary science. Coupling the DLS-based microelectrophoretic systems with complementary characterization methods is mentioned as one of the prosperous paths for increasing the information output of these two analytical techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Uskoković
- Therapeutic Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, Mission Bay Campus, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roles of transient receptor potential proteins (TRPs) in epidermal keratinocytes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 704:847-60. [PMID: 21290330 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0265-3_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes are the epithelial cells of mammalian skin. At the basal layer of the epidermis, these cells proliferate strongly, and as they move towards the skin surface, differentiation proceeds. At the uppermost layer of the epidermis, keratinocytes undergo apoptosis and die, forming a thin, water-impermeable layer called the stratum corneum. Peripheral blood vessels do not reach the epidermis, but peripheral nerve fibers do penetrate into it. Until recently, it was considered that the main role of epidermal keratinocytes was to construct and maintain the water-impermeable barrier function. However, since the functional existence of TRPV1, which is activated by heat and low pH, in epidermal keratinocytes was identified, our understanding of the role of keratinocytes has changed enormously. It has been found that many TRP channels are expressed in epidermal keratinocytes, and play important roles in differentiation, proliferation and barrier homeostasis. Moreover, because TRP channels expressed in keratinocytes have the ability to sense a variety of environmental factors, such as temperature, mechanical stress, osmotic stress and chemical stimuli, epidermal keratinocytes might form a key part of the sensory system of the skin. The present review deals with the potential roles of TRP channels expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and focuses on the concept of the epidermis as an active interface between the body and the environment.
Collapse
|
8
|
Denda M. Effects of topical application of aqueous solutions of hexoses on epidermal permeability barrier recovery rate after barrier disruption. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:943-4. [PMID: 21707763 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that hexose molecules influence the stability of phospholipid bilayers. Therefore, the effects of topical application of all 12 stereoisomers of dextro-hexose on the epidermal barrier recovery rate after barrier disruption were evaluated. Immediately after tape stripping, 0.1 m aqueous solution of each hexose was applied on hairless mouse skin. Among the eight dextro-aldohexoses, topical application of altose, idose, mannose and talose accelerated the barrier recovery, while allose, galactose, glucose and gulose had no effect. Among the four dextro-ketohexoses, psicose, fructose, sorbose and tagatose all accelerated the barrier recovery. As the effects of hexoses on the barrier recovery rate appeared within 1 h, the mechanism is unlikely to be genomic. Instead, these hexoses may influence phase transition of the lipid bilayers of lamellar bodies and cell membrane, a crucial step in epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kawai E, Kumazawa N, Ozawa K, Denda M. Skin surface electrical potential as an indicator of skin condition: observation of surfactant-induced dry skin and middle-aged skin. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:757-9. [PMID: 21615507 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01298.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that skin surface electrical potential might be a good parameter of skin pathophysiology. To examine the potential availability of skin surface electrical potential measurement for diagnostic purposes, we measured the change of the potential in surfactant-induced dry skin and we compared the values of the potential in volunteers of different age groups. We also measured trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) in the same groups. The skin surface electrical potential was significantly increased after sodium dodecyl sulphate treatment, and the alteration was much more marked than that of TEWL. Further, a significant difference in skin surface electrical potential was observed between young- and middle-aged volunteers, although there was no significant difference in TEWL between the two groups. These results suggest that skin surface electrical potential may be a good indicator of the pathophysiological state of the living layer of epidermis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Sugibayashi K, Todo H, Yamaguchi K. Effect of negative charged particles on the recovery of skin barrier function after EP treatment. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(10)50077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Denda M, Nakatani M. Acceleration of permeability barrier recovery by exposure of skin to 10-30 kHz sound. Br J Dermatol 2009; 162:503-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
13
|
Denda M. Methodology to improve epidermal barrier homeostasis: How to accelerate the barrier recovery? Int J Cosmet Sci 2009; 31:79-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2008.00487.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
14
|
Denda M, Fujiwara S, Hibino T. Expression of voltage-gated calcium channel subunit alpha1C in epidermal keratinocytes and effects of agonist and antagonists of the channel on skin barrier homeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2006; 15:455-60. [PMID: 16689862 DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2006.00430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that skin surface electric conditions affect epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis. These results suggest the existence of voltage sensor on the keratinocytes of the epidermis. On the contrary, specific blockers of the voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) also affect epidermal barrier homeostasis, but the existence and function of the channel has not been determined. We demonstrated here immunohistochemically the expression of the main subunit of the L-type VGCC, alpha1C, which alone has a calcium channel function, in mouse and human epidermis. Immunostaining, RT-PCR, and Western blotting were carried out to detect the channel protein. Messenger RNA of alpha1C was also detected in mouse epidermis and human keratinocyte culture by RT-PCR. We also evaluated the function of the channel in the cultured human keratinocytes. Previously, we demonstrated that influx of calcium ion into epidermal keratinocytes delayed the barrier recovery after barrier disruption and topical application of calcium channel blocker accelerated the barrier recovery. In this study, topical application of nifedipine and R-(+)-BAY K8644 after tape stripping of hairless mice accelerated the barrier repair rate while application of S-(-)-BAY K8644 delayed the barrier recovery. These results suggest that the VGCC exists on epidermal keratinocytes and plays an important role in skin barrier homeostasis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester/pharmacology
- Animals
- Calcium Channel Agonists/pharmacology
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/genetics
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Epidermal Cells
- Epidermis/drug effects
- Epidermis/metabolism
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Homeostasis/drug effects
- Humans
- Keratinocytes/drug effects
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Hairless
- Nifedipine/pharmacology
- Permeability/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Verapamil/pharmacology
Collapse
|