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Samadi A, Moammeri A, Pourmadadi M, Abbasi P, Hosseinpour Z, Farokh A, Shamsabadipour A, Heydari M, Mohammadi MR. Cell Encapsulation and 3D Bioprinting for Therapeutic Cell Transplantation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1862-1890. [PMID: 36877212 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The promise of cell therapy has been augmented by introducing biomaterials, where intricate scaffold shapes are fabricated to accommodate the cells within. In this review, we first discuss cell encapsulation and the promising potential of biomaterials to overcome challenges associated with cell therapy, particularly cellular function and longevity. More specifically, cell therapies in the context of autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer are reviewed from the perspectives of preclinical findings as well as available clinical data. Next, techniques to fabricate cell-biomaterials constructs, focusing on emerging 3D bioprinting technologies, will be reviewed. 3D bioprinting is an advancing field that enables fabricating complex, interconnected, and consistent cell-based constructs capable of scaling up highly reproducible cell-biomaterials platforms with high precision. It is expected that 3D bioprinting devices will expand and become more precise, scalable, and appropriate for clinical manufacturing. Rather than one printer fits all, seeing more application-specific printer types, such as a bioprinter for bone tissue fabrication, which would be different from a bioprinter for skin tissue fabrication, is anticipated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmasoud Samadi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 6000 Interdisciplinary Science & Engineering Building (ISEB), Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Ali Moammeri
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Parisa Abbasi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, Tehran 1458889694, Iran
| | - Zeinab Hosseinpour
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol 4714871167, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Arian Farokh
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Amin Shamsabadipour
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Enghelab Square, 16 Azar Street, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Maryam Heydari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Kharazmi, Tehran 199389373, Iran
| | - M Rezaa Mohammadi
- Dale E. and Sarah Ann Fowler School of Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
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TRAIL-Based Therapies Efficacy in Pediatric Bone Tumors Models Is Modulated by TRAIL Non-Apoptotic Pathway Activation via RIPK1 Recruitment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225627. [PMID: 36428719 PMCID: PMC9688679 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in clinical management, osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, the two most frequent malignant primary bone tumors at pediatric age, still have a poor prognosis for high-risk patients (i.e., relapsed or metastatic disease). Triggering a TRAIL pro-apoptotic pathway represents a promising therapeutic approach, but previous studies have described resistance mechanisms that could explain the declining interest of such an approach in clinical trials. In this study, eight relevant human cell lines were used to represent the heterogeneity of the response to the TRAIL pro-apoptotic effect in pediatric bone tumors and two cell-derived xenograft models were developed, originating from a sensitive and a resistant cell line. The DR5 agonist antibody AMG655 (Conatumumab) was selected as an example of TRAIL-based therapy. In both TRAIL-sensitive and TRAIL-resistant cell lines, two signaling pathways were activated following AMG655 treatment, the canonical extrinsic apoptotic pathway and a non-apoptotic pathway, involving the recruitment of RIPK1 on the DR5 protein complex, activating both pro-survival and pro-proliferative effectors. However, the resulting balance of these two pathways was different, leading to apoptosis only in sensitive cells. In vivo, AMG655 treatment reduced tumor development of the sensitive model but accelerated tumor growth of the resistant one. We proposed two independent strategies to overcome this issue: (1) a proof-of-concept targeting of RIPK1 by shRNA approach and (2) the use of a novel highly-potent TRAIL-receptor agonist; both shifting the balance in favor of apoptosis. These observations are paving the way to resurrect TRAIL-based therapies in pediatric bone tumors to help predict the response to treatment, and propose a relevant adjuvant strategy for future therapeutic development.
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Shi M, Li YY, Xu RN, Meng FP, Yu SJ, Fu JL, Hu JH, Li JX, Wang LF, Jin L, Wang FS. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in decompensated liver cirrhosis: a long-term follow-up analysis of the randomized controlled clinical trial. Hepatol Int 2021; 15:1431-1441. [PMID: 34843069 PMCID: PMC8651584 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10199-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) infusion was reported to improve liver function in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC); however, whether the medication can improve outcome of these patients is poorly understood. METHODS This prospective, open-labeled, randomized controlled study enrolled 219 patients with HBV-related DLC who were divided into control group (n = 111) and umbilical cord-derived MSC (UC-MSC)-treated group (n = 108), then all of them received a follow-up check from October 2010 to October 2017. The treated patients received three times of UC-MSC infusions at 4-week intervals plus conventional treatment that was only used for control group. The overall survival rate and HCC-free survival rate were calculated as primary endpoints and the liver function and adverse events associated with the medication were also evaluated. RESULTS During the follow-up check period from 13 to 75th months, there was a significantly higher overall survival rate in the treated group than the control group, while the difference of the hepatocellular carcinoma event-free survival rate between the treated and control groups was not observed during the 75-month follow-up. UC-MSC treatment markedly improved liver function, as indicated by the levels of serum albumin, prothrombin activity, cholinesterase, and total bilirubin during 48 weeks of follow-up. No significant side effects or treatment-related complications were observed in the UC-MSC group. CONCLUSIONS Therapy of UC-MSC is not only well tolerated, but also significantly improves long-term survival rate, as well as the liver function in patients with HBV-related DLC. UC-MSC medication, therefore, might present a novel therapeutic approach for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shi
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Ruo-Nan Xu
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Fan-Ping Meng
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Shuang-Jie Yu
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Jun-Liang Fu
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Jin-Hua Hu
- Medical Department of Liver Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Jing-Xin Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu China
| | - Li-Feng Wang
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Lei Jin
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Medical Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039 China
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MiR-200c-3p maintains stemness and proliferative potential in adipose-derived stem cells by counteracting senescence mechanisms. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257070. [PMID: 34534238 PMCID: PMC8448302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are promising therapeutic tools in regenerative medicine because they possess self-renewal, differentiation and immunomodulatory capacities. After isolation, ASCs are passaged multiple times in vitro passages to obtain a sufficient amount of cells for clinical applications. During this time-consuming procedure, ASCs become senescent and less proliferative, compromising their clinical efficacy. Here, we sought to investigate how in vitro passages impact ASC proliferation/senescence and expression of immune regulatory proteins. MicroRNAs are pivotal regulators of ASC physiology. Particularly, miR-200c is known to maintain pluripotency and targets the immune checkpoint Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). We therefore investigated its involvement in these critical characteristics of ASCs during in vitro passages. We found that when transiently expressed, miR-200c-3p promotes proliferation, maintains stemness, and contrasts senescence in late passaged ASCs. Additionally, this miRNA modulates PD-L1 and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO1) expression, thus most likely interfering with the immunoregulatory capacity of ASCs. Based on our results, we suggest that expression of miR-200c-3p may prime ASC towards a self-renewing phenotype by improving their in vitro expansion. Contrarily, its inhibition is associated with senescence, reduced proliferation and induction of immune regulators. Our data underline the potential use of miR-200c-3p as a switch for ASCs reprogramming and their clinical application.
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Razeghian E, Suksatan W, Sulaiman Rahman H, Bokov DO, Abdelbasset WK, Hassanzadeh A, Marofi F, Yazdanifar M, Jarahian M. Harnessing TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis Pathway for Cancer Immunotherapy and Associated Challenges. Front Immunol 2021; 12:699746. [PMID: 34489946 PMCID: PMC8417882 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.699746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune cytokine tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has attracted rapidly evolving attention as a cancer treatment modality because of its competence to selectively eliminate tumor cells without instigating toxicity in vivo. TRAIL has revealed encouraging promise in preclinical reports in animal models as a cancer treatment option; however, the foremost constraint of the TRAIL therapy is the advancement of TRAIL resistance through a myriad of mechanisms in tumor cells. Investigations have documented that improvement of the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and survival or proliferation involved signaling pathways concurrently suppressing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins along with down-regulation of expression of TRAILR1 and TRAILR2, also known as death receptor 4 and 5 (DR4/5) are reliable for tumor cells resistance to TRAIL. Therefore, it seems that the development of a therapeutic approach for overcoming TRAIL resistance is of paramount importance. Studies currently have shown that combined treatment with anti-tumor agents, ranging from synthetic agents to natural products, and TRAIL could result in induction of apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant cells. Also, human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) engineered to generate and deliver TRAIL can provide both targeted and continued delivery of this apoptosis-inducing cytokine. Similarly, nanoparticle (NPs)-based TRAIL delivery offers novel platforms to defeat barricades to TRAIL therapeutic delivery. In the current review, we will focus on underlying mechanisms contributed to inducing resistance to TRAIL in tumor cells, and also discuss recent findings concerning the therapeutic efficacy of combined treatment of TRAIL with other antitumor compounds, and also TRAIL-delivery using human MSCs and NPs to overcome tumor cells resistance to TRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Razeghian
- Human Genetics Division, Medical Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetics Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Suleimanyah, Suleimanyah, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | - Dmitry O. Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Yazdanifar
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Mostafa Jarahian
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Wang L, Li Y, Xu M, Deng Z, Zhao Y, Yang M, Liu Y, Yuan R, Sun Y, Zhang H, Wang H, Qian Z, Kang H. Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine Storms by Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:726909. [PMID: 34394132 PMCID: PMC8358430 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.726909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in preclinical and clinical trials for various diseases and have shown great potential in the treatment of sepsis and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Inflammatory factors play vital roles in the pathogenesis of diseases. The interaction between inflammatory factors is extremely complex. Once the dynamics of inflammatory factors are unbalanced, inflammatory responses and cytokine storm syndrome develop, leading to disease exacerbation and even death. Stem cells have become ideal candidates for the treatment of such diseases due to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the mechanisms by which stem cells affect inflammation and immune regulation are still unclear. This article discusses the therapeutic mechanism and potential value of MSCs in the treatment of sepsis and the novel COVID-19, outlines how MSCs mediate innate and acquired immunity at both the cellular and molecular levels, and described the anti-inflammatory mechanisms and related molecular pathways. Finally, we review the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy in these two diseases at the preclinical and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Moyan Xu
- Health Care Office, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Deng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heming Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhirong Qian
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongjun Kang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Motais B, Charvátová S, Hrdinka M, Šimíček M, Jelínek T, Ševčíková T, Kořístek Z, Hájek R, Bagó JR. A Bird's-Eye View of Cell Sources for Cell-Based Therapies in Blood Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1333. [PMID: 32456165 PMCID: PMC7281611 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
: Hematological malignancies comprise over a hundred different types of cancers and account for around 6.5% of all cancers. Despite the significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment, many of those cancers remain incurable. In recent years, cancer cell-based therapy has become a promising approach to treat those incurable hematological malignancies with striking results in different clinical trials. The most investigated, and the one that has advanced the most, is the cell-based therapy with T lymphocytes modified with chimeric antigen receptors. Those promising initial results prepared the ground to explore other cell-based therapies to treat patients with blood cancer. In this review, we want to provide an overview of the different types of cell-based therapies in blood cancer, describing them according to the cell source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Motais
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Sandra Charvátová
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Matouš Hrdinka
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Šimíček
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Jelínek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Ševčíková
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kořístek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hájek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Juli R. Bagó
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (B.M.); (S.C.); (M.H.); (M.Š.); (T.J.); (T.Š.); (Z.K.); (R.H.)
- Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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A Comprehensive Biological and Clinical Perspective Can Drive a Patient-Tailored Approach to Multiple Myeloma: Bridging the Gaps between the Plasma Cell and the Neoplastic Niche. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:6820241. [PMID: 32508920 PMCID: PMC7251466 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6820241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a broad spectrum of diseases labeled as multiple myeloma (MM). This is due not only to the composite prognostic risk factors leading to different clinical outcomes and responses to treatments but also to the composite tumor microenvironment that is involved in a vicious cycle with the MM plasma cells. New therapeutic strategies have improved MM patients' chances of survival. Nevertheless, certain patients' subgroups have a particularly unfavorable prognosis. Biological stratification can be subdivided into patient, disease, or therapy-related factors. Alternatively, the biological signature of aggressive disease and dismal therapeutic response can promote a dynamic, comprehensive strategic approach, better tailoring the clinical management of high-risk profiles and refractoriness to therapy and taking into account the role played by the MM milieu. By means of an extensive literature search, we have reviewed the state-of-the-art pathophysiological insights obtained from translational investigations of the MM-bone marrow microenvironment. A good knowledge of the MM niche pathophysiological dissection is crucial to tailor personalized approaches in a bench-bedside fashion. The discussion in this review pinpoints two main aspects that appear fundamental in order to gain novel and definitive results from the biology of MM. A systematic knowledge of the plasma cell disorder, along with greater efforts to face the unmet needs present in MM evolution, promises to open a new therapeutic window looking out onto the plethora of scientific evidence about the myeloma and the bystander cells.
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9
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Hmadcha A, Martin-Montalvo A, Gauthier BR, Soria B, Capilla-Gonzalez V. Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cancer Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:43. [PMID: 32117924 PMCID: PMC7013101 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are among the most frequently used cell type for regenerative medicine. A large number of studies have shown the beneficial effects of MSC-based therapies to treat different pathologies, including neurological disorders, cardiac ischemia, diabetes, and bone and cartilage diseases. However, the therapeutic potential of MSCs in cancer is still controversial. While some studies indicate that MSCs may contribute to cancer pathogenesis, emerging data reported the suppressive effects of MSCs on cancer cells. Because of this reality, a sustained effort to understand when MSCs promote or suppress tumor development is needed before planning a MSC-based therapy for cancer. Herein, we provide an overview on the therapeutic application of MSCs for regenerative medicine and the processes that orchestrates tissue repair, with a special emphasis placed on cancer, including central nervous system tumors. Furthermore, we will discuss the current evidence regarding the double-edged sword of MSCs in oncological treatment and the latest advances in MSC-based anti-cancer agent delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkrim Hmadcha
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martin-Montalvo
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Benoit R Gauthier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernat Soria
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.,Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Vivian Capilla-Gonzalez
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), Pablo de Olavide University, University of Seville, CSIC, Seville, Spain
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10
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Wu L, Tang Q, Yin X, Yan D, Tang M, Xin J, Pan Q, Ma C, Yan S. The Therapeutic Potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Enhance Radiotherapy Effects on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:267. [PMID: 31781559 PMCID: PMC6861425 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have investigated strategies to improve the clinical efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the prognosis remains poor. Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs), easily accessible and abundant in quantity, have represented as an attractive therapeutic tool for the stem cell-based treatment for cancer diseases. Through direct co-culture and indirect separate culture experiments, we showed that AT-MSCs could enhance inhibitory effect of RT on reducing HCC cell growth, migration and invasion in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed a noticeable interferon-induced transmembrane 1 (IFITM1)-induced tumor gene signature. Gain and loss of mechanistic studies indicated that mechanism was attributed to downregulated expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and matrix metallopeptidases (MMPs) and upregulated expression of P53 and caspases. Collectively, our findings suggest that AT-MSCs might enhance the therapeutic effects of RT on HCC, providing a rationale for AT-MSCs and RT combination therapy as a new remedy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuying Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - DanFang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoling Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Senxiang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Javan MR, Khosrojerdi A, Moazzeni SM. New Insights Into Implementation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Therapy: Prospects for Anti-angiogenesis Treatment. Front Oncol 2019; 9:840. [PMID: 31555593 PMCID: PMC6722482 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment interacts with tumor cells, establishing an atmosphere to contribute or suppress the tumor development. Among the cells which play a role in the tumor microenvironment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to possess the ability to orchestrate the fate of tumor cells, drawing the attention to the field. MSCs have been considered as cells with double-bladed effects, implicating either tumorigenic or anti-tumor activity. On the other side, the promising potential of MSCs in treating human cancer cells has been observed from the clinical studies. Among the beneficial characteristics of MSCs is the natural tumor-trophic migration ability, providing facility for drug delivery and, therefore, targeted treatment to detach tumor and metastatic cells. Moreover, these cells have been the target of engineering approaches, due to their easily implemented traits, in order to obtain the desired expression of anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, and pro-apoptotic properties, according to the tumor type. Tumor angiogenesis is the key characteristic of tumor progression and metastasis. Manipulation of angiogenesis has become an attractive approach for cancer therapy since the introduction of the first angiogenesis inhibitor, namely bevacizumab, for metastatic colorectal cancer therapy. This review tries to conclude the approaches, with focus on anti-angiogenesis approach, in implementing the MSCs to combat against tumor cell progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Javan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Moazzeni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) as a novel anti-cancer agent targeting breast cancer stem cells: Development of 3D primed therapeutic MSCs. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 110:59-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Christodoulou I, Goulielmaki M, Devetzi M, Panagiotidis M, Koliakos G, Zoumpourlis V. Mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical cancer cytotherapy: a systematic review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 30526687 PMCID: PMC6286545 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) comprise a heterogeneous population of rapidly proliferating cells that can be isolated from adult (e.g., bone marrow, adipose tissue) as well as fetal (e.g., umbilical cord) tissues (termed bone marrow (BM)-, adipose tissue (AT)-, and umbilical cord (UC)-MSC, respectively) and are capable of differentiation into a wide range of non-hematopoietic cell types. An additional, unique attribute of MSC is their ability to home to tumor sites and to interact with the local supportive microenvironment which rapidly conceptualized into MSC-based experimental cancer cytotherapy at the turn of the century. Towards this purpose, both naïve (unmodified) and genetically modified MSC (GM-MSC; used as delivery vehicles for the controlled expression and release of antitumorigenic molecules) have been employed using well-established in vitro and in vivo cancer models, albeit with variable success. The first approach is hampered by contradictory findings regarding the effects of naïve MSC of different origins on tumor growth and metastasis, largely attributed to inherent biological heterogeneity of MSC as well as experimental discrepancies. In the second case, although the anti-cancer effect of GM-MSC is markedly improved over that of naïve cells, it is yet apparent that some protocols are more efficient against some types of cancer than others. Regardless, in order to maximize therapeutic consistency and efficacy, a deeper understanding of the complex interaction between MSC and the tumor microenvironment is required, as well as examination of the role of key experimental parameters in shaping the final cytotherapy outcome. This systematic review represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first thorough evaluation of the impact of experimental anti-cancer therapies based on MSC of human origin (with special focus on human BM-/AT-/UC-MSC). Importantly, we dissect the commonalities and differences as well as address the shortcomings of work accumulated over the last two decades and discuss how this information can serve as a guide map for optimal experimental design implementation ultimately aiding the effective transition into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Christodoulou
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Devetzi
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Vassilis Zoumpourlis
- Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), Konstantinou 48 Av., 116 35, Athens, Greece.
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Wei W, Huang Y, Li D, Gou HF, Wang W. Improved therapeutic potential of MSCs by genetic modification. Gene Ther 2018; 25:538-547. [PMID: 30254305 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-018-0041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), well-studied adult stem cells in various tissues, possess multi-lineage differentiation potential and anti-inflammatory properties. MSCs have been approved to regenerate lineage-specific cells to replace injured cells in tissues. MSCs are approved to treat inflammatory diseases. With the discovery of genes important for the repair of damaged tissues, MSCs genetically modified by such genes hold improved therapeutic potential. In this review, we summarised the uses of genetically modified MSCs to treat different diseases, including bone diseases, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, central nervous system disorders, and cancer. To better understand the exact role of genetically modified MSCs, key mechanisms determining, which genes are selected to be used for modifying MSCs and improvements in post-genetic modification are discussed. Therapeutic benefits enhanced by genetic modifications are to be documented by further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Emergency, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Emergency, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Emergency, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Feng Gou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Emergency, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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15
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Guiho R, Biteau K, Grisendi G, Chatelais M, Brion R, Taurelle J, Renault S, Heymann D, Dominici M, Redini F. In vitro and in vivo discrepancy in inducing apoptosis by mesenchymal stromal cells delivering membrane-bound tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand in osteosarcoma pre-clinical models. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1037-1045. [PMID: 30093324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent pediatric malignant bone tumor. OS patients have not seen any major therapeutic progress in the last 30 years, in particular in the case of metastatic disease, which requires new therapeutic strategies. The pro-apoptotic cytokine Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) can selectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal cells, making it a promising therapeutic tool in several types of cancer. However, many OS cell lines appear resistant to recombinant human (rh)TRAIL-induced apoptosis. We, therefore, hypothesized that TRAIL presentation at the membrane level of carrier cells might overcome this resistance and trigger apoptosis. METHODS To address this, human adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) transfected in a stable manner to express membrane-bound full-length human TRAIL (mbTRAIL) were co-cultured with several human OS cell lines. RESULTS This induced apoptosis by cell-to-cell contact even in cell lines initially resistant to rhTRAIL. In contrast, mbTRAIL delivered by MSCs was not able to counteract tumor progression in this OS orthotopic model. DISCUSSION This was partly due to the fact that MSCs showed a potential to support tumor development. Moreover, the expression of mbTRAIL did not show caspase activation in adjacent tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Guiho
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France; Birth Defects Research Centre, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin Biteau
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Regis Brion
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Julien Taurelle
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Sarah Renault
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Hétérogénéité Tumorale et Médecine de Précision, INSERM, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Site René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France; Laboratoire Européen Associé "Sarcoma Research Unit", INSERM/University of Nantes/University of Sheffield, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Françoise Redini
- Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés, Université Bretagne Loire, INSERM, Nantes, France.
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Fakiruddin KS, Ghazalli N, Lim MN, Zakaria Z, Abdullah S. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Expressing TRAIL as Targeted Therapy against Sensitised Tumour. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082188. [PMID: 30060445 PMCID: PMC6121609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tapping into the ability of engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to mobilise into the tumour has expanded the scope of cancer treatment. Engineered MSCs expressing tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (MSC-TRAIL) could serve as a platform for an efficient and targeted form of therapy. However, the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are resistant to TRAIL and apoptosis may represent a challenge for effective treatment. Nonetheless, with the discovery of small molecular inhibitors that could target CSCs and tumour signalling pathways, a higher efficacy of MSC-TRAIL mediated tumour inhibition can be achieved. This might pave the way for a more effective form of combined therapy, which leads to a better treatment outcome. In this review, we first discuss the tumour-homing capacity of MSCs, its effect in tumour tropism, the different approach behind genetically-engineered MSCs, and the efficacy and safety of each agent delivered by these MSCs. Then, we focus on how sensitisation of CSCs and tumours using small molecular inhibitors can increase the effect of these cells to either TRAIL or MSC-TRAIL mediated inhibition. In the conclusion, we address a few questions and safety concerns regarding the utilization of engineered MSCs for future treatment in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Shaik Fakiruddin
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia.
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nadiah Ghazalli
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Moon Nian Lim
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia.
| | - Zubaidah Zakaria
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia.
| | - Syahril Abdullah
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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17
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Xu S, De Veirman K, De Becker A, Vanderkerken K, Van Riet I. Mesenchymal stem cells in multiple myeloma: a therapeutical tool or target? Leukemia 2018; 32:1500-1514. [PMID: 29535427 PMCID: PMC6035148 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell (PC) disorder, characterized by a complex interactive network of tumour cells and the bone marrow (BM) stromal microenvironment, contributing to MM cell survival, proliferation and chemoresistance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent the predominant stem cell population of the bone marrow stroma, capable of differentiating into multiple cell lineages, including fibroblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts. MSCs can migrate towards primary tumours and metastatic sites, implying that these cells might modulate tumour growth and metastasis. However, this issue remains controversial and is not well understood. Interestingly, several recent studies have shown functional abnormalities of MM patient-derived MSCs indicating that MSCs are not just by-standers in the BM microenvironment but rather active players in the pathophysiology of this disease. It appears that the complex interaction of MSCs and MM cells is critical for MM development and disease outcome. This review will focus on the current understanding of the biological role of MSCs in MM as well as the potential utility of MSC-based therapies in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Department Hematology- Stem Cell Laboratory, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Hematology and Immunology-Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Myeloma Center Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann De Becker
- Department Hematology- Stem Cell Laboratory, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Research Group Hematology and Immunology-Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Myeloma Center Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Department Hematology- Stem Cell Laboratory, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium.
- Research Group Hematology and Immunology-Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Myeloma Center Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
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Visweswaran M, Arfuso F, Dilley RJ, Newsholme P, Dharmarajan A. The inhibitory influence of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell environment and Wnt antagonism on breast tumour cell lines. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 95:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Evaluation of age effects on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in mesenchymal stem cells. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2017; 31:98. [PMID: 29951399 PMCID: PMC6014798 DOI: 10.14196/mjiri.31.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Doxorubicin, by aggregating in bone marrow, causes genotoxic effects, and thus reduces the repair ability of cells. The present study was conducted as an in vitro evaluation of age effects on the cytotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Methods: The MSCs of female BALB/c mice aged 1, 8, and 16 months were separated, characterized, and subsequently evaluated in cellular growth media. After 24 hours, exposure of the MSCs of the 3 groups of mice to doxorubicin (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1200 nM) and cytotoxicity were assessed, and the sublethal dose was determined using flow cytometry technique and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Results: The IC50 values determined by flow cytometry for the separated MSCs of 1 young, 8 middle- aged, and 16 old mice were and respectively. Interestingly, the results of these 2 methods in determining cytotoxicity were in agreement, and a concentration of approximately 25 nM was considered to be the shared sublethal dose for different ages. Conclusion: The results indicated that MSCs of middle-aged mice were more resistant to the toxic effects of the drug. Besides, MSCs separated from the old mice were the most sensitive to chemotherapy and its side effects such as disruptions of cell proliferation and viability. These disruptions can be ascribed to the alteration of function and physiological processes with age. Determining proper concentration of doxorubicin drug to destruct cancerous cells based on age and individual sensitivity can minimize the amount of toxicity.
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20
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Cafforio P, Viggiano L, Mannavola F, Pellè E, Caporusso C, Maiorano E, Felici C, Silvestris F. pIL6-TRAIL-engineered umbilical cord mesenchymal/stromal stem cells are highly cytotoxic for myeloma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:206. [PMID: 28962646 PMCID: PMC5622499 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal/stromal stem cells (MSCs) are favorably regarded in anti-cancer cytotherapies for their spontaneous chemotaxis toward inflammatory and tumor environments associated with an intrinsic cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Placenta-derived or TRAIL-engineered adipose MSCs have been shown to exert anti-tumor activity in both in-vitro and in-vivo models of multiple myeloma (MM) while TRAIL-transduced umbilical cord (UC)-MSCs appear efficient inducers of apoptosis in a few solid tumors. However, apoptosis is not selective for cancer cells since specific TRAIL receptors are also expressed by a number of normal cells. To overcome this drawback, we propose to transduce UC-MSCs with a bicistronic vector including the TRAIL sequence under the control of IL-6 promoter (pIL6) whose transcriptional activation is promoted by the MM milieu. Methods UC-MSCs were transduced with a bicistronic retroviral vector (pMIGR1) encoding for green fluorescent protein (GFP) and modified to include the pIL6 sequence upstream of the full-length human TRAIL cDNA. TRAIL expression after stimulation with U-266 cell conditioned medium, or IL-1α/IL-1β, was evaluated by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, real-time PCR, western blot analysis, and ELISA. Apoptosis in MM cells was assayed by Annexin V staining and by caspase-8 activation. The cytotoxic effect of pIL6-TRAIL+-GFP+-UC-MSCs on MM growth was evaluated in SCID mice by bioluminescence and ex vivo by caspase-3 activation and X-ray imaging. Statistical analyses were performed by Student’s t test, ANOVA, and logrank test for survival curves. Results pIL6-TRAIL+-GFP+-UC-MSCs significantly expressed TRAIL after stimulation by either conditioned medium or by IL-1α/IL-1β, and induced apoptosis in U-266 cells. Moreover, when systemically injected in SCID mice intratibially xenografted with U-266, those cells underwent within MM tibia lesions and significantly reduced the tumor burden by specific induction of apoptosis in MM cells as revealed by caspase-3 activation. Conclusions Our tumor microenvironment-sensitive model of anti-MM cytotherapy is regulated by the axis pIL6/IL-1α/IL-1β and appears suitable for further preclinical investigation not only in myeloma bone disease in which UC-MSCs would even participate to bone healing as described, but also in other osteotropic tumors whose milieu is enriched of cytokines triggering the pIL6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cafforio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
| | - Luigi Viggiano
- Department of Biology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Mannavola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pellè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Caporusso
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Maiorano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Felici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Silvestris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, P.za G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
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21
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Gamie Z, Kapriniotis K, Papanikolaou D, Haagensen E, Da Conceicao Ribeiro R, Dalgarno K, Krippner-Heidenreich A, Gerrand C, Tsiridis E, Rankin KS. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) for bone sarcoma treatment: Pre-clinical and clinical data. Cancer Lett 2017; 409:66-80. [PMID: 28888998 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone sarcomas are rare, highly malignant mesenchymal tumours that affect teenagers and young adults, as well as older patients. Despite intensive, multimodal therapy, patients with bone sarcomas have poor 5-year survival, close to 50%, with lack of improvement over recent decades. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) ligand superfamily (TNFLSF), has been found to induce apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing nontransformed cells, and may therefore offer a promising new approach to treatment. We cover the existing preclinical and clinical evidence about the use of TRAIL and other death receptor agonists in bone sarcoma treatment. In vitro studies indicate that TRAIL and other death receptor agonists are generally potent against bone sarcoma cell lines. Ewing's sarcoma cell lines present the highest sensitivity, whereas osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma cell lines are considered less sensitive. In vivo studies also demonstrate satisfactory results, especially in Ewing's sarcoma xenograft models. However, the few clinical trials in the literature show only low or moderate efficacy of TRAIL in treating bone sarcoma. Potential strategies to overcome the in vivo resistance reported include co-administration with other drugs and the potential to deliver TRAIL on the surface of primed mesenchymal or immune cells and the use of targeted single chain antibodies such as scFv-scTRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakareya Gamie
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Konstantinos Kapriniotis
- Academic Orthopedic Department, "PapaGeorgiou" General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece; CORE-Center for Orthopedic Research at CIRI-AUTh, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Hellas, Greece.
| | - Dimitra Papanikolaou
- Academic Orthopedic Department, "PapaGeorgiou" General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece; CORE-Center for Orthopedic Research at CIRI-AUTh, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Hellas, Greece.
| | - Emma Haagensen
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Ricardo Da Conceicao Ribeiro
- School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Kenneth Dalgarno
- School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Anja Krippner-Heidenreich
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Craig Gerrand
- North of England Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Service, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK.
| | - Eleftherios Tsiridis
- Academic Orthopedic Department, "PapaGeorgiou" General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece; CORE-Center for Orthopedic Research at CIRI-AUTh, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Hellas, Greece; Secretary General European Hip Society, Austria.
| | - Kenneth Samora Rankin
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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Sage EK, Thakrar RM, Janes SM. Genetically modified mesenchymal stromal cells in cancer therapy. Cytotherapy 2017; 18:1435-1445. [PMID: 27745603 PMCID: PMC5082580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cell therapy industry has grown rapidly over the past 3 decades, and multiple clinical trials have been performed to date covering a wide range of diseases. The most frequently used cell is mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which have been used largely for their anti-inflammatory actions and in situations of tissue repair and although they have demonstrated a good safety profile, their therapeutic efficacy has been limited. In addition to these characteristics MSCs are being used for their homing and engraftment properties and have been genetically modified to enable targeted delivery of a variety of therapeutic agents in both malignant and nonmalignant conditions. This review discusses the science and technology behind genetically modified MSC therapy in malignant disease and how potential problems have been overcome to enable their use in two novel clinical trials in metastatic gastrointestinal and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Sage
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Rayne Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ricky M Thakrar
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Rayne Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Rayne Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Guiho R, Biteau K, Grisendi G, Taurelle J, Chatelais M, Gantier M, Heymann D, Dominici M, Redini F. TRAIL delivered by mesenchymal stromal/stem cells counteracts tumor development in orthotopic Ewing sarcoma models. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2802-2811. [PMID: 27558972 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is the second most frequent pediatric malignant bone tumor. EWS patients have not seen any major therapeutic progress in the last 30 years, in particular in the case of metastatic disease, which requires new therapeutic strategies. The pro-apoptotic cytokine TNF-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) can selectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal cells, making it a promising therapeutic tool in several types of cancer. However, certain EWS cell lines appear resistant to recombinant human (rh) TRAIL-induced apoptosis. We therefore hypothesized that a TRAIL presentation at the surface of the carrier cells might overcome this resistance and trigger apoptosis. For this purpose, human adipose mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) transfected in a stable manner to express full-length human TRAIL were co-cultured with several human EWS cell lines, inducing apoptosis by cell-to-cell contact even in cell lines initially resistant to rhTRAIL or AMG655, an antibody agonist to the death receptor, DR5. In vivo, TRAIL delivered by MSCs was able to counteract tumor progression in two orthotopic models of Ewing sarcoma, associated with caspase activation, indicating that a cell-based delivery of a potent apoptosis-inducing factor could be relevant in EWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Guiho
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Kevin Biteau
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Julien Taurelle
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Mathias Chatelais
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Malika Gantier
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France.,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Françoise Redini
- INSERM, UMR-957, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le CANCER 2012, Nantes, F-44035, France. .,Université de Nantes, EA 3822, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Nantes, F-44035, France.
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24
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Naoum GE, Tawadros F, Farooqi AA, Qureshi MZ, Tabassum S, Buchsbaum DJ, Arafat W. Role of nanotechnology and gene delivery systems in TRAIL-based therapies. Ecancermedicalscience 2016; 10:660. [PMID: 27594905 PMCID: PMC4990059 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2016.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its identification as a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family, TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) has emerged as a new avenue in apoptosis-inducing cancer therapies. Its ability to circumvent the chemoresistance of conventional therapeutics and to interact with cancer stem cells (CSCs) self-renewal pathways, amplified its potential as a cancer apoptotic agent. Many recombinant preparations of this death ligand and monoclonal antibodies targeting its death receptors have been tested in monotherapy and combinational clinical trials. Gene therapy is a new approach for cancer treatment which implies viral or non-viral functional transgene induction of apoptosis in cancer cells or repair of the underlying genetic abnormality on a molecular level. The role of this approach in overcoming the traditional barriers of radiation and chemotherapeutics systemic toxicity, risk of recurrence, and metastasis made it a promising platform for cancer treatment. The recent first Food Drug Administration (FDA) approved oncolytic herpes virus for melanoma treatment brings forth the potency of the cancer gene therapy approach in the future. Many gene delivery systems have been studied for intratumoural TRAIL gene delivery alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents to produce synergistic cancer cytotoxicity. However, there still remain many obstacles to be conquered for this different gene delivery systems. Nanomedicine on the other hand offers a new frontier for clinical trials and biomedical research. The FDA approved nanodrugs motivates horizon exploration for other nanoscale designed particles’ implications in gene delivery. In this review we aim to highlight the molecular role of TRAIL in apoptosis and interaction with cancer stem cells (CSCs) self-renewal pathways. Finally, we also aim to discuss the different roles of gene delivery systems, mesenchymal cells, and nanotechnology designs in TRAIL gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fady Tawadros
- East Tennessee State University, 1276 Gilbreath Dr, Johnson City, TN 37604, USA
| | | | | | - Sobia Tabassum
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Waleed Arafat
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; University of Alexandria, El-Gaish Rd, Egypt, Alexandria, Egypt
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25
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Abstract
Stem cell-based drug delivery for cancer therapy has steadily gained momentum in the past decade as several studies have reported stem cells' inherent tropism towards tumors. Since this science is still in its early stages and there are many factors that could significantly impact tumor tropism of stem cells, some contradictory results have been observed. This review starts by examining a number of proof-of-concept studies that demonstrate the potential application of stem cells in cancer therapy. Studies that illustrate stem cells' tumor tropism and discuss the technical difficulties that could impact the therapeutic outcome are also highlighted. The discussion also emphasizes stem cell imaging/tracking, as it plays a crucial role in performing reliable dose-response studies and evaluating the therapeutic outcome of treatment protocols. In each section, the pros and cons associated with each method are highlighted, limitations are underlined, and potential solutions are discussed. The overall intention is to familiarize the reader with important practical issues related to stem cell cancer tropism and in vivo tracking, underline the shortcomings, and emphasize critical factors that need to be considered for effective translation of this science into the clinic.
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26
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Wang YH, Scadden DT. Harnessing the apoptotic programs in cancer stem-like cells. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:1084-98. [PMID: 26253117 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201439675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Elimination of malignant cells is an unmet challenge for most human cancer types even with therapies targeting specific driver mutations. Therefore, a multi-pronged strategy to alter cancer cell biology on multiple levels is increasingly recognized as essential for cancer cure. One such aspect of cancer cell biology is the relative apoptosis resistance of tumor-initiating cells. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms affecting the apoptotic process in tumor cells emphasizing the differences in the tumor-initiating or stem-like cells of cancer. Further, we summarize efforts to exploit these differences to design therapies targeting that important cancer cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Wang
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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27
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LIU XIAOYI, HU JIANXIA, SUN SUYUAN, LI FUNIAN, CAO WEIHONG, WANG YU, MA ZHONGLIANG, YU ZHIGANG. Mesenchymal stem cells expressing interleukin-18 suppress breast cancer cells in vitro. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1192-1200. [PMID: 25780408 PMCID: PMC4353741 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females throughout the world. Current treatments have unsatisfactory outcomes due to the dispersed nature of certain types of the disease. The development of a more effective therapy for breast cancer has long been one of the most elusive goals of cancer gene therapy. In the present study, human mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord (hUMSCs) genetically modified with interleukin 18 (IL-18) gene were used to study the effect of hUMSCs/IL-18 on the growth, migration and invasion of MCF-7 and HCC1937 cells in vitro. The hUMSCs could be efficiently modified by lentiviral systems and stably expressed IL-18 protein. hUMSCs/IL-18, but not hUMSCs without the IL-18 gene transduction, significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of the MCF-7 and HCC1937 cells. The mechanism of this proliferation suppression may have involved the induction of G1- to S-phase arrest of the breast cancer cells by the hUMSCs/IL-18. In conclusion, hUMSCs/IL-18 can suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and may provide an approach for a novel antitumor therapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- XIAOYI LIU
- Department of Galactophore, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
- Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - JIANXIA HU
- Stem Cell Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - SUYUAN SUN
- Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - FUNIAN LI
- Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - WEIHONG CAO
- Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - YU WANG
- Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - ZHONGLIANG MA
- Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - ZHIGANG YU
- Department of Galactophore, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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28
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Ciavarella S, Caselli A, Tamma AV, Savonarola A, Loverro G, Paganelli R, Tucci M, Silvestris F. A peculiar molecular profile of umbilical cord-mesenchymal stromal cells drives their inhibitory effects on multiple myeloma cell growth and tumor progression. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1457-70. [PMID: 25758779 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are under intensive investigation in preclinical models of cytotherapies against cancer, including multiple myeloma (MM). However, the therapeutic use of stromal progenitors holds critical safety concerns due to their potential MM-supporting activity in vivo. Here, we explored whether MSCs from sources other than BM, such as adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) and umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), affect MM cell growth in comparison to either normal (nBM-MSCs) or myelomatous marrow MSCs (MM-BM-MSCs). Results from both proliferation and clonogenic assays indicated that, in contrast to nBM- and MM-BM-MSCs, both AD and particularly UC-MSCs significantly inhibit MM cell clonogenicity and growth in vitro. Furthermore, when co-injected with UC-MSCs into mice, RPMI-8226 MM cells formed smaller subcutaneous tumor masses, while peritumoral injections of the same MSC subtype significantly delayed the tumor burden growing in subcutaneous plasmocytoma-bearing mice. Finally, both microarrays and ELISA revealed different expression of several genes and soluble factors in UC-MSCs as compared with other MSCs. Our data suggest that UC-MSCs have a distinct molecular profile that correlates with their intrinsic anti-MM activity and emphasize the UCs as ideal sources of MSCs for future cell-based therapies against MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Ciavarella
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Caselli
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Valentina Tamma
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Savonarola
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Loverro
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Paganelli
- 2Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Ce.S.I. Center for Aging Studies, Stem TECH Group, University "G. D'Annunzio," Chieti Scalo, Italy
| | - Marco Tucci
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro," Bari, Italy
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29
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Rossi M, Calimeri T, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Multiple myeloma-related bone disease: state-of-art and next future treatments. Int J Hematol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/ijh.14.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy associated with the development of life-threatening and/or severe osteolytic lesions, which significantly worsen the quality of life of affected patients. MM-related bone disease (BD) is the result of an overwhelming osteoclastic activity, while osteoblast-mediated bone formation is inhibited. Bisphosphonates are still the mainstay of therapy for BD. However, these drugs are associated with mid long-term sequelae. In this work, we review the pathogenesis and currently available therapies of MM-related BD. We describe the most recent and promising findings that may translate in changing the clinical practice in the next future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rossi
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University & Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Teresa Calimeri
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University & Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University & Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University & Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research & Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science & Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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30
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Grisendi G, Spano C, D'souza N, Rasini V, Veronesi E, Prapa M, Petrachi T, Piccinno S, Rossignoli F, Burns JS, Fiorcari S, Granchi D, Baldini N, Horwitz EM, Guarneri V, Conte P, Paolucci P, Dominici M. Mesenchymal Progenitors Expressing TRAIL Induce Apoptosis in Sarcomas. Stem Cells 2015; 33:859-69. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Carlotta Spano
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Naomi D'souza
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Valeria Rasini
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Elena Veronesi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Malvina Prapa
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Tiziana Petrachi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Serena Piccinno
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Filippo Rossignoli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Jorge S. Burns
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Stefania Fiorcari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Donatella Granchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory; Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli; Bologna Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory; Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli; Bologna Italy
| | - Edwin M. Horwitz
- The Research Institute and Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT; Nationwide Children's Hospital; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology; University of Padova, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS; Padova Italy
| | - Pierfranco Conte
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology; University of Padova, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS; Padova Italy
| | - Paolo Paolucci
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults; University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
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Abstract
Stem cell-based therapeutic strategies have emerged as very attractive treatment options over the past decade. Stem cells are now being utilized as delivery vehicles especially in cancer therapy to deliver a number of targeted proteins and viruses. This chapter aims to shed light on numerous studies that have successfully employed these strategies to target various cancer types with a special emphasis on numerous aspects that are critical to the success of future stem cell-based therapies for cancer.
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32
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Lathrop MJ, Sage EK, Macura SL, Brooks EM, Cruz F, Bonenfant NR, Sokocevic D, MacPherson MB, Beuschel SL, Dunaway CW, Shukla A, Janes SM, Steele C, Mossman BT, Weiss DJ. Antitumor effects of TRAIL-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells in a mouse xenograft model of human mesothelioma. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 22:44-54. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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33
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Xia L, Peng R, Leng W, Jia R, Zeng X, Yang X, Fan M. TRAIL-expressing gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit tumorigenesis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Dent Res 2014; 94:219-28. [PMID: 25391621 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514557815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has verified that mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow or adipose tissues can migrate toward a variety of tumors. In this study, we explored whether human gingival-derived MSCs (G-MSCs) can migrate toward tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and evaluated the antitumor effect of engineered G-MSCs in expressing and delivering the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). An in vitro cell migration assay with Transwell plates showed that human G-MSCs can migrate toward TSCC cell lines (Tca8113 and Cal27). Then, human G-MSCs, as a type of cell-based vehicle, were transduced with full-length TRAIL and enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter genes by the lentivirus (LV) system (G-MSCs with full-length TRAIL; G-MSCFLT). Tca8113 and Cal27 were co-cultured with G-MSCFLT, respectively, to evaluate the function of G-MSCFLT on tumor cells in vitro. This resulted in G-MSCFLT's inducing a great number of tumor cell necrosis and apoptosis. Meanwhile, in vivo antitumor assays were performed by administering G-MSCFLT to nude mice locally and systematically (mixed injection with tumor cells and tail vein injection). This showed that G-MSCFLT can reduce or even inhibit TSCC growth regardless of the method of administration, especially when the mixed injection of tumor cells and G-MSCFLT was at a ratio of 1:1, which showed no tumor formation. Furthermore, this verified that G-MSCFLT migrated toward TSCC in quantity. These data emphasize the effectiveness of G-MSCs as a vehicle for cell-based gene therapy and the antitumor activity of TRAIL-expressing G-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xia
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - R Peng
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - R Jia
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - X Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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34
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Atsuta I, Liu S, Miura Y, Akiyama K, Chen C, An Y, Shi S, Chen FM. Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit multiple myeloma cells via the Fas/Fas ligand pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 4:111. [PMID: 24025590 PMCID: PMC3854680 DOI: 10.1186/scrt322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cell-based therapy represents a new frontier in the treatment of a wide variety of human diseases traditionally associated with morbidity outcomes, including those involving inflammation, autoimmunity, tissue damage, and cancer. However, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease has raised concerns. Specifically, evidence has shown that infused MSCs might support tumor growth and metastasis. Methods In this study, we used a standard disseminated MM model in mice to identify the in vivo effects of intravenous MSC infusion. In addition, a series of in vitro co-culture assays were preformed to explore whether Fas/Fas ligand (Fas-L) is involved in the inhibitory effects of MSCs on MM cells. Results In the MM mouse model, treatment of MSCs with highly expressed Fas ligand (Fas-Lhigh MSCs) showed remarkable inhibitory effects on MM indenization in terms of extending the mouse survival rate and inhibiting tumor growth, bone resorption in the lumbus and collum femoris, and MM cell metastasis in the lungs and kidneys. In addition, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis of MM cells was observed when co-cultured with Fas-Lhigh MSCs in vitro. Furthermore, mechanistically, the binding between Fas and Fas-L significantly induced apoptosis in MM cells, as evidenced through an increase in the expression of apoptosis marker and Fas in MM cells. In contrast, Fas-Lnull MSCs promote MM growth. Conclusions These data suggest that Fas/Fas-L-induced MM apoptosis plays a crucial role in the MSC-based inhibition of MM growth. Although whether MSCs inhibit or promote cancer growth remains controversial, the levels of Fas-L expression in MSCs determine, at least partially, the effects of MSCs on MM cell growth.
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35
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Ciavarella S, Caselli A, Savonarola A, Tamma AV, Tucci M, Silvestris F. Cytotherapies in multiple myeloma: a complementary approach to current treatments? Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 13 Suppl 1:S23-34. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.796357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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36
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Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment, lung cancer accounts for one third of all cancer-related deaths, underlining the need of development of new therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to specifically home into tumours and their metastases. This property of MSCs could be exploited for the delivery of various anti-tumour agents directly into tumours. However, MSCs are not simple delivery vehicles but cells with active physiological process. This review outlines various agents which can be delivered by MSCs with substantial emphasis on TRAIL (tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand).
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K Kolluri
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
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37
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Cives M, Ciavarella S, Rizzo FM, De Matteo M, Dammacco F, Silvestris F. Bendamustine overcomes resistance to melphalan in myeloma cell lines by inducing cell death through mitotic catastrophe. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1108-17. [PMID: 23380051 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Melphalan has been a mainstay of multiple myeloma (MM) therapy for many years. However, following treatment with this alkylator, malignant plasma cells usually escape both apoptosis and cell cycle control, and acquire drug-resistance resulting in tumor progression. Bendamustine is being used in MM patients refractory to conventional DNA-damaging agents, although the mechanisms driving this lack of cross-resistance are still undefined. Here, we investigated the molecular pathway of bendamustine-induced cell death in melphalan-sensitive and melphalan-resistant MM cell lines. Bendamustine affected cell survival resulting in secondary necrosis, and prompted cell death primarily through caspase-2 activation. Also, bendamustine blocked the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and induced micronucleation, erratic chromosome spreading and mitotic spindle perturbations in melphalan-resistant MM cells. In these cells, both Aurora kinase A (AURKA) and Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK-1), key components of the spindle-assembly checkpoint, were down-regulated following incubation with bendamustine, whereas levels of Cyclin B1 increased as a consequence of the prolonged mitotic arrest induced by the drug. These findings indicate that, at least in vitro, bendamustine drives cell death by promoting mitotic catastrophe in melphalan-resistant MM cells. Hence, activation of this alternative pathway of cell death may be a novel approach to the treatment of apoptosis-resistant myelomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Cives
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Evidences of early senescence in multiple myeloma bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59756. [PMID: 23555770 PMCID: PMC3605355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In multiple myeloma, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells support myeloma cell growth. Previous studies have suggested that direct and indirect interactions between malignant cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells result in constitutive abnormalities in the bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Design and Methods The aims of this study were to investigate the constitutive abnormalities in myeloma bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and to evaluate the impact of new treatments. Results We demonstrated that myeloma bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells have an increased expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase, increased cell size, reduced proliferation capacity and characteristic expression of senescence-associated secretory profile members. We also observed a reduction in osteoblastogenic capacity and immunomodulatory activity and an increase in hematopoietic support capacity. Finally, we determined that current treatments were able to partially reduce some abnormalities in secreted factors, proliferation and osteoblastogenesis. Conclusions We showed that myeloma bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells have an early senescent profile with profound alterations in their characteristics. This senescent state most likely participates in disease progression and relapse by altering the tumor microenvironment.
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Bossio C, Mastrangelo R, Morini R, Tonna N, Coco S, Verderio C, Matteoli M, Bianco F. A simple method to generate adipose stem cell-derived neurons for screening purposes. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 51:274-81. [PMID: 23468184 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-9985-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Strategies involved in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation toward neuronal cells for screening purposes are characterized by quality and quantity issues. Differentiated cells are often scarce with respect to starting undifferentiated population, and the differentiation process is usually quite long, with high risk of contamination and low yield efficiency. Here, we describe a novel simple method to induce direct differentiation of MSCs into neuronal cells, without neurosphere formation. Differentiated cells are characterized by clear morphological changes, expression of neuronal specific markers, showing functional response to depolarizing stimuli and electrophysiological properties similar to those of developing neurons. The method described here represents a valuable tool for future strategies aimed at personalized screening of therapeutic agents in vitro.
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