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Zhang J, Wang X, Hou J, Li X, Li M, Zhao W, He N. High-resolution community-level sodium variation on the Tibetan Plateau: Content, density, and storage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173766. [PMID: 38844211 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Sodium (Na), a beneficial mineral element, stimulates plant growth through osmotic adjustment. Previous studies focused on Na content at the individual or species level, however, it is hard to link to ecosystem functions without exploring the characteristics (content, density, and storage) of Na at the community level. We conducted grid-plot sampling of different plant organs in 2040 natural plant communities on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) to comprehensively characterize community-level Na on a regional scale. The Na content was 0.57, 0.09, 0.07, and 0.71 mg g-1 in leaves, branches, trunks, and roots, respectively. Across biomes Na content was higher in deserts under drought stress. Oxygen partial pressure, radiation, precipitation, soil Na supply, and temperature significantly affected the spatial variation in Na content. Furthermore, we accurately simulated the spatial variation in Na density and produced a highly precise 1 km × 1 km spatial map of plant Na density on the TP using random forest algorithm, which demonstrated higher Na density in the southeast of TP. The total plant Na storage on the TP was estimated as 111.80 × 104 t. These findings provide great insights and references for understanding the plant community-level adaptation strategies and evaluating the mineral element status on a large scale, and provide valuable data for ecological model optimization in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing'an Mountains, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Daxing'anling 165200, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jihua Hou
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and Ecosystem Process, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenzong Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing'an Mountains, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Daxing'anling 165200, China.
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Liu X, Zhou S, Hu J, Zou X, Tie L, Li Y, Cui X, Huang C, Sardans J, Peñuelas J. Variations and trade-offs in leaf and culm functional traits among 77 woody bamboo species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:387. [PMID: 38724946 PMCID: PMC11084126 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Woody bamboos are the only diverse large perennial grasses in mesic-wet forests and are widely distributed in the understory and canopy. The functional trait variations and trade-offs in this taxon remain unclear due to woody bamboo syndromes (represented by lignified culm of composed internodes and nodes). Here, we examined the effects of heritable legacy and occurrence site climates on functional trait variations in leaf and culm across 77 woody bamboo species in a common garden. We explored the trade-offs among leaf functional traits, the connection between leaf nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) concentrations and functional niche traits, and the correlation of functional traits between leaves and culms. RESULTS The Bayesian mixed models reveal that the combined effects of heritable legacy (phylogenetic distances and other evolutionary processes) and occurrence site climates accounted for 55.10-90.89% of the total variation among species for each studied trait. The standardized major axis analysis identified trade-offs among leaf functional traits in woody bamboo consistent with the global leaf economics spectrum; however, compared to non-bamboo species, the woody bamboo exhibited lower leaf mass per area but higher N, P concentrations and assimilation, dark respiration rates. The canonical correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation (ρ = 0.57, P-value < 0.001) between leaf N, P concentrations and morphophysiology traits. The phylogenetic principal components and trait network analyses indicated that leaf and culm traits were clustered separately, with leaf assimilation and respiration rates associated with culm ground diameter. CONCLUSION Our study confirms the applicability of the leaf economics spectrum and the biogeochemical niche in woody bamboo taxa, improves the understanding of woody bamboo leaf and culm functional trait variations and trade-offs, and broadens the taxonomic units considered in plant functional trait studies, which contributes to our comprehensive understanding of terrestrial forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, SICAU, Chengdu, 611130, China
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - Shixing Zhou
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, SICAU, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Junxi Hu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, SICAU, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xingcheng Zou
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, SICAU, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liehua Tie
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xinglei Cui
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, SICAU, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Congde Huang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, SICAU, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
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Zou H, Wang W, Huang J, Li X, Ma M, Wu S, Zhao C. Soil Nitrogen and Flooding Intensity Determine the Trade-Off between Leaf and Root Traits of Riparian Plant Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:978. [PMID: 38611507 PMCID: PMC11013260 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The investigation into trade-offs among plant functional traits sheds light on how plants strategically balance growth and survival when facing environmental stress. This study sought to evaluate whether trade-offs observed at both community and individual species levels could indicate adaptive fitness across an intensity of flooding intensity. The study was conducted at 25 sampling sites spanning approximately 600 km along the riparian zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China. The findings revealed that, along the flooding gradient, the overall riparian community did not exhibit significant trade-offs between leaf and root traits. Examining three broadly distributed dominant species (Cynodon dactylon, Xanthium strumarium, and Abutilon theophrasti), perennial plants showed pronounced trade-offs under low flooding intensity, while annuals exhibited trade-offs under moderate and low flooding intensity. The trade-offs were evident in traits related to nitrogen-carbon resources, such as specific leaf area, root tissue density, and photosynthetic rate. However, under strong flooding intensity, the relationship between leaf and root traits of the species studied was decoupled. Furthermore, the study identified a significant correlation between soil nitrogen and the trade-off traits under moderate and low flooding intensity. Integrating results from the CSR (Competitors, Stress-tolerators, Ruderals) strategy model, species niche breath analysis, and nitrogen-regulated trade-off, the study revealed that, in the face of high flooding intensity, perennial species (C. dactylon) adopts an S-strategy, demonstrating tolerance through a conservative resource allocation that decouples leaf-root coordination. Annual species (X. strumarium and A. theophrasti), on the other hand, exhibit niche specialization along the flooding gradient, employing distinct strategies (R- and C-strategy). As flooding stress diminishes and soil nitrogen level decreases, plant strategies tend to shift towards an R-strategy with a competition for reduced N resources. In conclusion, the study highlighted the pivotal roles of soil nitrogen and flooding intensity acting as the dual determinants of species growth and tolerance. These dynamics of growth-tolerance balance were evident in the diverse trade-offs between leaf and root traits of individual plant species with different life histories, underscoring the array of adaptive strategies employed by riparian plants across the flooding intensity gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zou
- The College of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Wanyu Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Jinxia Huang
- The College of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Maohua Ma
- Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Cunfeng Zhao
- Chongqing Institute of Green Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
- Chongqing College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
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Zhou Y, Ma H, Lu Q, Ma J, Shen Y, Wang G. Different responses of leaf and root economics spectrum to grazing time at the community level in desert steppe, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 909:168547. [PMID: 37981138 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The plant economic spectrum can explain the trade-off strategies of vascular plants between resource acquisition and storage. Grazing can alter the plant functional characteristics of grassland ecosystems, resulting in a shift in plant resource acquisition strategies. Taking fenced grassland as a control, in this study we quantified six leaf traits and four root traits of 14 plant species (those that comprised >85 % of the species community abundance) of different grazing time grasslands in desert grasslands in Ningxia. We examined how grazing time shapes the functional structure of plant communities and the resource acquisition strategy. The results revealed an inverse pattern of the fast-slow economic spectrum of leaf and root traits; that is, as grazing time increased, the leaf traits shifted from an acquisitive type to a conservative type of resource acquisition strategy. In contrast, the root traits showed a shift from a conservative type to an acquisitive type of resource acquisition strategy. Grazing time leads to a whole plant economic spectrum, and plant functional traits may facilitate their response to environmental change, the study of which can hereby deepen our understanding of the plant economics spectrum. Our study provides new evidence that leaf and root resource acquisition and utilization are relatively independent under grazing pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Hongbin Ma
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Qi Lu
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jingli Ma
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yan Shen
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Guohui Wang
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Zhao W, Xiao C, Li M, Xu L, Li X, He N. Spatial variation of sulfur in terrestrial ecosystems in China: Content, density, and storage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167848. [PMID: 37844639 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur (S) is an important macronutrient that is widely distributed in nature. Understanding the patterns and mechanisms of S dynamics is of great significance for accurately predicting the geophysical and chemical cycles of S and formulating policies for S emission and management. We systematically investigated and integrated 17,618 natural plots in China's terrestrial ecosystems and built a S density database of vegetation (including leaves, branches, stems, and roots) and surface soil (0-30 cm depth). The biogeographic patterns and environmental drivers of the S content, density, and storage in the vegetation and soil of terrestrial ecosystems were explored. Vegetation and soil were the major components of terrestrial ecosystems, storing a total of 2228.77 ± 121.72 Tg S, with mean S densities of 4.32 ± 0.04 × 10-2, and 267.93 ± 14.94 × 10-2 t hm-2, respectively. The forest was the most important vegetation S pool and their S storage accounted for about 55.28 % of the total vegetation S storage, whereas soil S pools of croplands and other vegetation types (e.g., deserts and wetlands) accounted for about 63.18 % of the total soil S storage. The mean S density (2.18 ± 0.02 × 10-2 t hm-2) and S storage (12.45 ± 0.31 Tg) of plant roots were significantly higher than those of other organs. The spatial variation in the S density was mainly regulated by climate and soil properties, reflecting the physiological adaptation mechanisms of plants by adjusting the S uptake and distribution to cope with climate change. In this study, the spatial patterns of S density and storage in vegetation and soil in terrestrial ecosystems of China and their response to environmental factors on a national scale were systematically studied. The results provide insights into the biological functions of S and its role in plant-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzong Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunwang Xiao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing'an Mountains, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Daxing'anling 165200, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Zhang X, Li B, Peñuelas J, Sardans J, Cheng D, Yu H, Zhong Q. Resource-acquisitive species have greater plasticity in leaf functional traits than resource-conservative species in response to nitrogen addition in subtropical China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166177. [PMID: 37572896 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The evergreen broad-leaf forest is subtropical zonal vegetation in China, and its species diversity and stability are crucial for maintaining forest ecosystem functions. The region is generally affected by global changes such as high levels of nitrogen deposition. Therefore, it is critical to determine the adaptation strategies of subtropical dominant species under nitrogen addition. Here, we conducted two-year field experiments with nitrogen addition levels as 0 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (CK), 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (LN) and 100 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (HN). We investigated the effects of nitrogen addition on leaf functional traits (including nutrition, structural and physiological characteristics) of five dominant species in subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest. Results suggested that the effect of nitrogen addition on leaf functional traits was species-specific. Contrary to Rhododendron delavayi and Eurya muricata, Quercus glauca, Schima superba and Castanopsis eyrei all responded more to the HN treatment than LN treatment. Compared to other leaf functional traits, leaf anatomical structure traits had the highest average plasticity (0.246), and the relative effect of leaf photosynthetic property was highest (7.785) under N addition. Among the five species, S. superba was highest in terms of the index of plasticity for leaf functional traits under nitrogen addition, followed by Q. glauca, E. muricata, C. eyrei and R. delavayi. The major leaf functional traits representing the economic spectrum of leaves (LES) showed resource acquisitive strategy (high SLA, LNC, LPC, Pn) and conservative strategy (high LTD, LDMC, C/N) clustering on the opposite ends of the PCA axis. The PCA analysis indicated that species with high leaf plasticity adopt resource acquisitive strategy (S. superba and Q. glauca), whereas species with low leaf plasticity adopt resource conservative strategy (E. muricata, C. eyrei and R. delavayi). In aggregate, resource-acquisitive species benefit from nitrogen addition more than resource-conservative species, suggesting that S. superba and Q. glauca will occupy the dominant position in community succession under persistently elevated nitrogen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Baoyin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province funded), Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province funded), Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Quanlin Zhong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province funded), Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China.
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Castillo-Figueroa D, González-Melo A, Posada JM. Wood density is related to aboveground biomass and productivity along a successional gradient in upper Andean tropical forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1276424. [PMID: 38023915 PMCID: PMC10665531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1276424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Wood density (WD) is a key functional trait related to ecological strategies and ecosystem carbon dynamics. Despite its importance, there is a considerable lack of information on WD in tropical Andean forests, particularly regarding its relationship with forest succession and ecosystem carbon cycling. Here, we quantified WD in 86 upper Andean tree and shrub species in central Colombia, with the aim of determining how WD changes with forest succession and how it is related to productivity. We hypothesized that WD will increase with succession because early successional forests will be colonized by acquisitive species, which typically have low WD, while the shaded understory of older forests should favor higher WD. We measured WD in 481 individuals from 27 shrub and 59 tree species, and quantified aboveground biomass (AGB), canopy height, net primary production (NPP) and species composition and abundance in 14, 400-m2, permanent plots. Mean WD was 0.513 ± 0.114 (g/cm3), with a range between 0.068 and 0.718 (g/cm3). Shrubs had, on average, higher WD (0.552 ± 0.095 g/cm3) than trees (0.488 ± 0.104 g/cm3). Community weighted mean WD (CWMwd) decreased with succession (measured as mean canopy height, AGB, and basal area); CWMwd also decreased with aboveground NPP and stem growth. In contrast, the percentage of NPP attributed to litter and the percent of shrubs in plots increased with CWMwd. Thus, our hypothesis was not supported because early successional forests had higher CWMwd than late successional forests. This was related to a high proportion of shrubs (with high WD) early in succession, which could be a consequence of: 1) a low seed availability of trees due to intense land use in the landscape and/or 2) harsh abiotic conditions early in succession that filter out trees. Forest with high CWMwd had a high %NPP attributed to litter because they were dominated by shrubs, which gain little biomass in their trunks. Our findings highlight the links between WD, succession and carbon cycling (biomass and productivity) in this biodiversity hotspot. Thus, WD is an important trait that can be used to understand upper Andean forest recovery and improve forest restoration and management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan M. Posada
- Biology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
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Jin MY, Johnson DJ, Jin GZ, Guo QX, Liu ZL. Soil water content and nitrogen differentially correlate with multidimensional leaf traits of two temperate broadleaf species. PLANT DIVERSITY 2023; 45:694-701. [PMID: 38197009 PMCID: PMC10772124 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The variation and correlation of leaf economics and vein traits are crucial for predicting plant ecological strategies under different environmental changes. However, correlations between these two suites of traits and abiotic factors such as soil water and nitrogen content remain ambiguous. We measured leaf economics and vein traits as well as soil water and nitrogen content for two different shade-tolerant species (Betula platyphylla and Acer mono) in four mixed broadleaved-Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forests along a latitudinal gradient in Northeast China. We found that leaf economics traits and vein traits were decoupled in shade-intolerant species, Betula platphylla, but significantly coupled in a shade-tolerant species, A. mono. We found stronger correlations among leaf traits in the shade tolerant species than in the shade intolerant species. Furthermore, leaf economic traits were positively correlated with the soil water gradient for both species, whereas vein traits were positively correlated with soil water gradient for the shade intolerant species but negatively correlated in the shade tolerant species. Although economic traits were positively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade intolerant species but not correlated in shade tolerant species, vein traits were negatively correlated with soil nitrogen gradient in shade tolerant species but not correlated in shade intolerant species. Our study provides evidence for distinct correlations between leaf economics and vein traits and local abiotic factors of species differing in light demands. We recommend that the ecological significance of shade tolerance be considered for species when evaluating ecosystem functions and predicting plant responses to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yue Jin
- Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest, Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Daniel J. Johnson
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Guang-Ze Jin
- Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest, Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qing-Xi Guo
- Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest, Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhi-Li Liu
- Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest, Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
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Yang X, Shen K, Xia T, He Y, Guo Y, Wu B, Han X, Yan J, Jiao M. Invasive and Native Plants Differentially Respond to Exogenous Phosphorus Addition in Root Growth and Nutrition Regulated by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112195. [PMID: 37299174 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasion has severely damaged ecosystem stability and species diversity worldwide. The cooperation between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant roots is often affected by changes in the external environment. Exogenous phosphorus (P) addition can alter the root absorption of soil resources, thus regulating the root growth and development of exotic and native plants. However, it remains unclear how exogenous P addition regulates the root growth and development of exotic and native plants mediated by AMF, affecting the exotic plant invasion. In this experiment, the invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorum and native plant Eupatorium lindleyanum were selected and cultured under intraspecific (Intra-) competition and interspecific (Inter-) competition conditions, involving inoculation with (M+) and without AMF (M-) and three different levels of P addition including no addition (P0), addition with 15 mg P kg-1 soil (P15), and addition with 25 mg P kg-1 soil (P25) for the two species. Root traits of the two species were analyzed to study the response of the two species' roots to AMF inoculation and P addition. The results showed that AMF significantly promoted the root biomass, length, surface area, volume, tips, branching points, and carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and P accumulation of the two species. Under M+ treatment, the Inter- competition decreased the root growth and nutrient accumulation of invasive E. adenophorum but increased the root growth and nutrient accumulation of native E. lindleyanum relative to the Intra- competition. Meanwhile, the exotic and native plants responded differently to P addition, exhibiting root growth and nutrient accumulation of invasive E. adenophorum increased with P addition, whereas native E. lindleyanum reduced with P addition. Further, the root growth and nutrition accumulation of native E. lindleyanum were higher than invasive E. adenophorum under Inter- competition. In conclusion, exogenous P addition promoted the invasive plant but reduced the native plant in root growth and nutrient accumulation regulated by AMF, although the native plant outcompeted the invasive plant when the two species competed. The findings provide a critical perspective that the anthropogenic P fertilizer addition might potentially contribute to the successful invasion of exotic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xionggui Yang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Kaiping Shen
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuejun He
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bangli Wu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xu Han
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Jiao
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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10
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Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2859. [PMID: 36801913 PMCID: PMC9938116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics.
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11
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Dong X, Zhang J, Xin Z, Huang Y, Han C, Li Y, Lu Q. Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics in Organs of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in Different Habitats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:414. [PMID: 36679127 PMCID: PMC9863615 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The essence of plant ecological stoichiometry is to study the relationships between species and their environment, including nutrient absorption, utilization and cycling processes as well as the nutrient limitation of plants. Plants can regulate nutrient elements and adapt to environmental changes. To understand the adaptation mechanism, it is important to take plants as a whole and quantify the correlation between the chemometrics of different organs. Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is within the second-class group of rare−endangered plants in China and is the only evergreen broad-leaved shrub in desert areas. We analyzed the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of leaves, stems, roots, flowers and seeds of A. mongolicus in five habitats, namely fixed sandy land, semi-fixed sandy land, stony−sandy land, alluvial gravel slope and saline−alkali land. We found that (1) the nutrient contents of N, P and K were in the order of seed > flower > leaf > root > stem. The enrichment of the N, P and K in the reproductive organs promoted the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. Additionally, (2) the contents of C, N, P and K and their stoichiometric ratios in different organs varied among different habitat types. The storage capacity of C, N and P was higher in sandy soil (fixed and semi-fixed sandy land), whereas the content of K was higher in gravelly soil (stony−sandy land and alluvial gravel slope), and the C:N, C:P and N:P were significantly higher in gravelly soil than those in sandy soil. A. mongolicus had higher nutrient use efficiency in stony−sandy land and alluvial gravel slope. Furthermore, (3) the C:N and N:P ratios in each organ were relatively stable among different habitats, whereas the K:P ratio varied greatly. The N:P ratios of leaves were all greater than 16 in different habitats, indicating that the growth was mainly limited by P. Moreover, (4) except for the P element, the content of each element and its stoichiometric ratio were affected by the interaction between organs and habitat. Habitat had a greater impact on C content, whereas organs had a greater influence on N, P and K content and C:N, C:P, C:K and N:P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control in Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou, Bayannur 015200, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control in Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou, Bayannur 015200, China
| | - Zhiming Xin
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control in Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou, Bayannur 015200, China
| | - Yaru Huang
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control in Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou, Bayannur 015200, China
| | - Chunxia Han
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control in Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou, Bayannur 015200, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control in Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Dengkou, Bayannur 015200, China
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12
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Werden LK, Averill C, Crowther TW, Calderón-Morales E, Toro L, Alvarado JP, Gutiérrez LM, Mallory DE, Powers JS. Below-ground traits mediate tree survival in a tropical dry forest restoration. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20210067. [PMID: 36373912 PMCID: PMC9661956 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reforestation is one of our most promising natural climate solutions, and one that addresses the looming biodiversity crisis. Tree planting can catalyse forest community reassembly in degraded landscapes where natural regeneration is slow, however, tree survival rates vary remarkably across projects. Building a trait-based framework for tree survival could streamline species selection in a way that generalizes across ecosystems, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the global restoration movement. We investigated how traits mediated seedling survival in a tropical dry forest restoration, and how traits were coordinated across plant structures. We examined growth and survival of 14 species for 2 years and measured six below-ground and 22 above-ground traits. Species-level survival ranged widely from 7.8% to 90.1%, and a model including growth rate, below-ground traits and their interaction explained more than 73% of this variation. A strong interaction between below-ground traits and growth rate indicated that selecting species with fast growth rates can promote establishment, but this effect was most apparent for species that invest in thick fine roots and deep root structures. Overall, results emphasize the prominent role of below-ground traits in determining early restoration outcomes, and highlight little above- and below-ground trait coordination, providing a path forward for tropical dry forest restoration efforts. This article is part of the theme issue 'Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leland K. Werden
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Lyon Arboretum and School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Colin Averill
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas W. Crowther
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick Calderón-Morales
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Laura Toro
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - J. Pedro Alvarado
- Estación Experimental Forestal Horizontes, Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Liberia, 8008 Costa Rica
| | - L. Milena Gutiérrez
- Estación Experimental Forestal Horizontes, Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Liberia, 8008 Costa Rica
| | | | - Jennifer S. Powers
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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13
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Li J, Chen X, Wu P, Niklas KJ, Lu Y, Zhong Q, Hu D, Cheng L, Cheng D. The fern economics spectrum is unaffected by the environment. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3205-3218. [PMID: 36029253 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The plant economics spectrum describes the trade-off between plant resource acquisition and storage, and sheds light on plant responses to environmental changes. However, the data used to construct the plant economics spectrum comes mainly from seed plants, thereby neglecting vascular non-seed plant lineages such as the ferns. To address this omission, we evaluated whether a fern economics spectrum exists using leaf and root traits of 23 fern species living under three subtropical forest conditions differing in light intensity and nutrient gradients. The fern leaf and root traits were found to be highly correlated and formed a plant economics spectrum. Specific leaf mass and root tissue density were found to be on one side of the spectrum (conservative strategy), whereas photosynthesis rate, specific root area, and specific root length were on the other side of the spectrum (acquisitive strategy). Ferns had higher photosynthesis and respiration rates, and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency under high light conditions and higher specific root area and lower root tissue density in high nutrient environments. However, environmental changes did not significantly affect their resource acquisition strategies. Thus, the plant economics spectrum can be broadened to include ferns, which expands its phylogenetic and ecological implications and utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Li
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Ecology in Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Karl J Niklas
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Yimiao Lu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quanlin Zhong
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Ecology in Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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14
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Zhao W, Xiao C, Li M, Xu L, Li X, He N. Spatial variation and allocation of sulfur among major plant organs in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157155. [PMID: 35798121 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur (S) is a functional element that plays an important role in abiotic stress resistance and environmental adaptation in plants. However, knowledge of the biogeographic patterns of S among major plant organs remains limited. We conducted a methodologically consistent field survey of 2745 plant species across 78 typical communities throughout China. From this, we constructed a new matched database of S content in leaves, twigs, trunks, and roots to explore S allocation strategies in plants to better understand the regulatory mechanisms on a large scale. The average S content in leaves, twigs, trunks, and roots of plants in China was 2.32 ± 0.04, 1.13 ± 0.02, 0.15 ± 0.01, and 1.23 ± 0.02 g kg-1, respectively. S content was significantly higher in leaves than in other organs, and S content of plants in deserts was higher than that of plants in forests and grasslands. S content changed faster in roots and showed divergent allocation relationships among organs across communities at different scales. Climate and soil properties jointly regulated the spatial variation and allocation relationships of S among different organs. This study further broadens our understanding of the biological functions of S and their role in the interactions between plants and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunwang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mingxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nianpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China; Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, 150040, Harbin, China.
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15
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Shifts in Community Vegetative Organs and Their Dissimilar Trade-Off Patterns in a Tropical Coastal Secondary Forest, Hainan Island, Southern China. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The ecology of functional features highlights the importance of the leaf economic spectrum (LES) in understanding plant trade-offs between conservative and commercial resource use. However, it is still unclear whether changes in the plant attributes of various vegetative organs can be altered and whether the plant economic spectrum (PES) is categorized by multiple vegetative organs. We investigated a total of 12 functional features of 174 woody tree species, with leaf and stem attributes, on Hainan Island. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to analyze the changes in attributes and connections to understand how the plant trade-offs differ. We detected that stem organic matter (SOM) and stem organic carbon (SOC) contributed most to the first principal component, followed by leaf organic matter (LOM) and leaf organic carbon (LOC). Using Spearman correlation analysis, we determined that leaf total nitrogen (LTN) and specific leaf area (SLA), LTN and leaf total phosphorus (LTP), and finally stem total nitrogen (STN) and stem total phosphorus (STP) were positively significantly correlated. These significant variations in the traits of nutrients are regulated, while the morphological traits of aboveground vegetative organs are diverse. The coexistence of species and community assembly can increase our knowledge on the tropical coastal secondary forests. Furthermore, our outcomes can help us to better understand the restoration of habitats and green infrastructure design, suggesting that selecting different species across multiple trait axes can help ensure functionality at the maximum level.
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16
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Weemstra M, Roumet C, Cruz-Maldonado N, Anthelme F, Stokes A, Freschet GT. Environmental variation drives the decoupling of leaf and root traits within species along an elevation gradient. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:419-430. [PMID: 35405006 PMCID: PMC9486920 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant performance is enhanced by balancing above- and below-ground resource uptake through the intraspecific adjustment of leaf and root traits. It is assumed that these organ adjustments are at least partly coordinated, so that analogous leaf and root traits broadly covary. Understanding the extent of such intraspecific leaf-root trait covariation would strongly contribute to our understanding of how plants match above- and below-ground resource use strategies as their environment changes, but comprehensive studies are lacking. METHODS We measured analogous leaf and root traits from 11 species, as well as climate, soil and vegetation properties along a 1000-m elevation gradient in the French Alps. We determined how traits varied along the gradient, to what extent this variation was determined by the way different traits respond to environmental cues acting at different spatial scales (i.e. within and between elevations), and whether trait pairs covaried within species. KEY RESULTS Leaf and root trait patterns strongly diverged: across the 11 species along the gradient, intraspecific leaf trait patterns were largely consistent, whereas root trait patterns were highly idiosyncratic. We also observed that, when compared with leaves, intraspecific variation was greater in root traits, due to the strong effects of the local environment (i.e. at the same elevation), while landscape-level effects (i.e. at different elevations) were minor. Overall, intraspecific trait correlations between analogous leaf and root traits were nearly absent. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that environmental gradients at the landscape level, as well as local heterogeneity in soil properties, are the drivers of a strong decoupling between analogous leaf and root traits within species. This decoupling of plant resource acquisition strategies highlights how plants can exhibit diverse whole-plant acclimation strategies to modify above- and below-ground resource uptake, improving their resilience to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Roumet
- CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - N Cruz-Maldonado
- AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - F Anthelme
- AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Stokes
- AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G T Freschet
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France
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17
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Weemstra M, Kuyper TW, Sterck FJ, Umaña MN. Incorporating belowground traits: avenues towards a whole‐tree perspective on performance. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monique Weemstra
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Thomas W. Kuyper
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Sterck
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - María Natalia Umaña
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Univ. of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
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18
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Sanaphre-Villanueva L, Pineda-García F, Dáttilo W, Pinzón-Pérez LF, Ricaño-Rocha A, Paz H. Above- and below-ground trait coordination in tree seedlings depend on the most limiting resource: a test comparing a wet and a dry tropical forest in Mexico. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13458. [PMID: 35722267 PMCID: PMC9205306 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of above- and below-ground organ plant coordination is crucial for understanding the biophysical constraints and trade-offs involved in species' performance under different environmental conditions. Environmental stress is expected to increase constraints on species trait combinations, resulting in stronger coordination among the organs involved in the acquisition and processing of the most limiting resource. To test this hypothesis, we compared the coordination of trait combinations in 94 tree seedling species from two tropical forest systems in Mexico: dry and moist. In general, we expected that the water limitation experienced by dry forest species would result in stronger leaf-stem-root coordination than light limitation experienced by moist forest species. Using multiple correlations analyses and tools derived from network theory, we found similar functional trait coordination between forests. However, the most important traits differed between the forest types. While in the dry forest the most central traits were all related to water storage (leaf and stem water content and root thickness), in the moist forest they were related to the capacity to store water in leaves (leaf water content), root efficiency to capture resources (specific root length), and stem toughness (wood density). Our findings indicate that there is a shift in the relative importance of mechanisms to face the most limiting resource in contrasting tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Sanaphre-Villanueva
- Centro del Cambio Global y la Sustentabilidad A.C., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Fernando Pineda-García
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Wesley Dáttilo
- Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Luisa Fernanda Pinzón-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Arlett Ricaño-Rocha
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Horacio Paz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México,Laboratorio Nacional de Innovación Ecotecnológica para la Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México,Center for Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry and the Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
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19
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Song Z, Wang X, Liu Y, Luo Y, Li Z. Allocation Strategies of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus at Species and Community Levels With Recovery After Wildfire. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:850353. [PMID: 35481138 PMCID: PMC9037545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.850353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant stoichiometry and nutrient allocation can reflect a plant's adaptation to environmental nutrient changes. However, the allocation strategies of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) between leaf and fine root in response to wildfire have been poorly studied. Our primary objective was to elucidate the trade-off of elemental allocation between above- and belowground parts in response to the soil nutrient changes after a wildfire. We explored the allocation sloping exponents of C, N, and P between leaf and fine root at the species and community levels at four recovery periods (year 2, 10, 20, and 30) after moderately severe wildfire and one unburned treatment in boreal forests in Great Xing'an Mountains, northeast China. Compared with the unburned treatment, leaf C concentration decreased and fine root C increased at year 2 after recovery. The leaf N concentration at year 10 after recovery was higher than that of unburned treatment. Plant growth tended to be limited by P concentration at year 10 after recovery. Nutrient allocation between leaf and fine root differed between species and community levels, especially in the early recovery periods (i.e., 2 and 10 years). At the community level, the nutrient concentrations of the leaf changed more as compared to that of the fine root at year 2 after recovery when the fine root nutrients changed more than those of the leaf. The different C, N, and P allocation strategies advanced the understanding of plant adaptation to soil nutrient changes during the postfire ecosystem restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopeng Song
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Zhaolei Li
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Ávila-Lovera E, Goldsmith GR, Kay KM, Funk JL. Above- and below-ground functional trait coordination in the Neotropical understory genus Costus. AOB PLANTS 2022; 14:plab073. [PMID: 35035869 PMCID: PMC8757582 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The study of plant functional traits and variation among and within species can help illuminate functional coordination and trade-offs in key processes that allow plants to grow, reproduce and survive. We studied 20 leaf, above-ground stem, below-ground stem and fine-root traits of 17 Costus species from forests in Costa Rica and Panama to answer the following questions: (i) Do congeneric species show above-ground and below-ground trait coordination and trade-offs consistent with theory of resource acquisition and conservation? (ii) Is there correlated evolution among traits? (iii) Given the diversity of habitats over which Costus occurs, what is the relative contribution of site and species to trait variation? We performed a principal components analysis (PCA) to assess for the existence of a spectrum of trait variation and found that the first two PCs accounted for 21.4 % and 17.8 % of the total trait variation, respectively, with the first axis of variation being consistent with a continuum of resource-acquisitive and resource-conservative traits in water acquisition and use, and the second axis of variation being related to the leaf economics spectrum. Stomatal conductance was negatively related to both above-ground stem and rhizome specific density, and these relationships became stronger after accounting for evolutionary relatedness, indicating correlated evolution. Despite elevation and climatic differences among sites, high trait variation was ascribed to individuals rather than to sites. We conclude that Costus species present trait coordination and trade-offs that allow species to be categorized as having a resource-acquisitive or resource-conservative functional strategy, consistent with a whole-plant functional strategy with evident coordination and trade-offs between above-ground and below-ground function. Our results also show that herbaceous species and species with rhizomes tend to agree with trade-offs found in more species-rich comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleinis Ávila-Lovera
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Gregory R Goldsmith
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Kathleen M Kay
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Jennifer L Funk
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA
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Hu CC, Liu XY, Yan YX, Lei YB, Tan YH, Liu CQ. A new isotope framework to decipher leaf-root nitrogen allocation and assimilation among plants in a tropical invaded ecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151203. [PMID: 34710420 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exotic plant invasion is an urgent issue occurring in the biosphere, which can be stimulated by environmental nitrogen (N) loading. However, the allocation and assimilation of soil N sources between leaves and roots remain unclear for plants in invaded ecosystems, which hampers the understanding of mechanisms behind the expansion of invasive plants and the co-existence of native plants. This work established a new framework to use N concentrations and isotopes of soils, roots, and leaves to quantitatively decipher intra-plant N allocation and assimilation among plant species under no invasion and under the invasion of Chromolaena odorata and Ageratina adenophora in a tropical ecosystem of SW China. We found that the assimilation of N derived from both soil ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) were higher in leaves than in roots for invasive plants, leading to higher leaf N levels than native plants. Compared with the same species under no invasion, most native plants under invasion showed higher N concentrations and NH4+ assimilations in both leaves and roots, and increases in leaf N were higher than in root N for native plants under invasion. These results inform that preferential N allocation, dominated by NH4+-derived N, to leaves over roots as an important N-use strategy for plant invasion and co-existence in the studied tropical ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chen Hu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xue-Yan Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ya-Xin Yan
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yan-Bao Lei
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yun-Hong Tan
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Ding D, Arif M, Liu M, Li J, Hu X, Geng Q, Yin F, Li C. Plant-soil interactions and C:N:P stoichiometric homeostasis of plant organs in riparian plantation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:979023. [PMID: 35979078 PMCID: PMC9376457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) stoichiometric ratios give valuable insight into ecosystem function. The purpose of the present study is to probe into the C, N, and P stoichiometric characteristics in various organs and their relationships with soil factors of the dominant deciduous conifer plant species (Taxodium ascendens and Taxodium distichum) during afforestation in the riparian zone of Three Gorges Reservoir. The results showed only a small change in the concentration of C in different plant organs and soils. T. ascendens contained mean N and P concentrations of 7.63 and 1.54 g/kg in fine roots, 5.10 and 0.56 g/kg in stems, and 15.48 and 2.30 g/kg in leaves, respectively. Whereas T. distichum had a mean N and P concentration of 7.08 and 1.37 g/kg in fine roots, 4.84 and 0.59 g/kg in stems, and 16.89 and 2.23 g/kg in leaves. The N:P ratios in all organs were below 14, indicating that N may have inhibited tree growth. The fine roots P and N:P of T. distichum were weak plasticity and weak homeostasis, and those of T. ascendens were plasticity and weak plasticity. Their stems and leaves adhere to strict homeostasis. N concentrations were significantly positively related to P concentrations in every tissue (except the stems of T. ascendens), and C concentrations were significantly positively associated with P concentrations in the stems and leaves of T. ascendens and T. distichum (p < 0.05). Likewise, soil P and fine root P were positively associated (p < 0.01). This study contributes to the understanding of deciduous conifer plant stoichiometry. It demonstrates N, P, and N:P stoichiometric homeostasis in T. ascendens and T. distichum, which can withstand flooding and are suitable for vegetation restoration in the hydro-fluctuation zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianwen Geng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, College of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Changxiao Li,
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Zhang J, Xie H, Biswas A, Shan Y, Qi X, Cao J. Response of different organs’ stoichiometry of Phragmites australis to soil salinity in arid marshes, China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Yang S, Shi Z, Zhang M, Li Y, Gao J, Wang X, Liu D. Stoichiometry of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Shrub Organs Linked Closely With Mycorrhizal Strategy in Northern China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:687347. [PMID: 34557207 PMCID: PMC8453024 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.687347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizal strategies include mycorrhizal statuses and mycorrhizal types, which are important reflections of the functional characteristics of ecosystems. The stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in plant organs is an important part of ecosystem functions, which has an important impact on the nutrient cycle of the ecosystem. The concentration of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus played a crucial role in ecosystem functioning and dynamics. The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical basis and data support for improving the properties of global terrestrial ecosystems by exploring the impact of mycorrhizal strategies on the stoichiometry of C, N, and P in different shrub organs. In this study, stoichiometric patterns of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in different shrub organs under different mycorrhizal status or types were analyzed at 725 samples across Northern China. Results showed that in different mycorrhizal status, the highest carbon concentration in shrub organs appeared in the facultatively mycorrhizal (FM) mycorrhizal status, and the highest nitrogen concentration appeared in the Non-mycorrhizal (NM) mycorrhizal status. Under different mycorrhizal types, the nitrogen concentration in the shrub organs under the arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) mycorrhizal type was the highest, and the phosphorus concentration under the ecto-mycorrhiza (ECM) mycorrhizal type was the highest. In the OM or FM mycorrhizal status, the concentrations of C, N, and P in the stems and leaves increase with the increase of the concentrations of C, N, and P in the roots. In the NM mycorrhizal status, the N concentration in the stems and leaves increases with the increase of the N concentration in the roots. Under AM, AM+ECM, and ECM mycorrhizal type, the concentrations of C, N, and P are closely related in roots, stems and leaves. The content of plant nutrients in different organs is closely related. It turned out that mycorrhizal statuses or types are able to alter the allocation of C, N, and P in different organs, and the relationships of C, N, and P among different organs are able to present different trend with the varying of mycorrhizal statuses or types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhaoyong Shi
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang, China
| | - Menghan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiakai Gao
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang, China
| | - Xugang Wang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang, China
| | - Dehong Liu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Human Settlements, Luoyang, China
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Liu AN, Zhang Y, Hou ZF, Hui Lü G. Allometric scaling of biomass with nitrogen and phosphorus above- and below-ground in herbaceous plants varies along water-salinity gradients. AOB PLANTS 2021; 13:plab030. [PMID: 34646433 PMCID: PMC8500215 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biomass allocation affects the ability of plants to acquire resources and nutrients; a limited allocation of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, affects ecological processes. However, little research has been conducted on how plant allocation patterns change and on the trade-offs involved in allocation strategies when microhabitat gradients exist. We selected a 3.6 km transect in the Ebinur Lake Wetland Natural Reserve of Xinjiang, China, to investigate the relationships between plant traits (biomass and N and P concentrations) of herbaceous plants and environmental factors (soil moisture, salinity and nutrient content), and to determine the allometric scaling of biomass and stoichiometric traits between the above- and below-ground plant parts. The results show that the biomass and stoichiometric traits of plants reflected both the change of micro-environment and the natural characteristics of plants. With a decrease of the soil water availability and salinity, above- and below-ground N and P concentrations decrease gradually; scaling relationships exist between above- and below-ground plant parts, for biomass and N and P concentrations. Biomass allocation is influenced by soil nutrient ratios, and the allocation strategy tended to be conserved for N and variable for P. Second, the scaling relationships also show interspecific differences; all scaling exponents of Suaeda prostrata are larger than for other species and indicate a 'tolerance' strategy, while other species tend to increase the below-ground biomass and N and P concentrations, i.e. a 'capture' strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Na Liu
- Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Education Ministry, Urumqi 830046, China
- Institute of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 8300462, China
- College of Science, Shihezi University, Shehezi 832003, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Education Ministry, Urumqi 830046, China
- Institute of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 8300462, China
| | - Zhu Feng Hou
- Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Education Ministry, Urumqi 830046, China
- Institute of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 8300462, China
| | - Guang Hui Lü
- Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Education Ministry, Urumqi 830046, China
- Institute of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 8300462, China
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Yang Y, Xiao C, Wu X, Long W, Feng G, Liu G. Differing Trade-Off Patterns of Tree Vegetative Organs in a Tropical Cloud Forest. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:680379. [PMID: 34367205 PMCID: PMC8334555 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.680379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Functional trait ecology demonstrates the significance of the leaf economics spectrum in understanding plants' trade-off between acquisitive and conservative resource utilization. However, whether trait variations of different vegetative organs are coordinated and whether the plant economics spectrum is characterized by more than one vegetative organ remain controversial. To gain insights into these questions, within a tropical cloud forest in Hainan Island, a total of 13 functional traits of 84 tree species were analyzed here, including leaf, stem and root traits. By using standardized major axis (SMA) regression and principal components analysis, we examined the trait variations and correlations for deciphering plants' trade-off pattern. We found decreases of leaf phosphorus content, leaf nitrogen content and specific leaf area and increases of leaf mass per unit area (LMA), wood density and leaf thickness along the first principal component, while there were decreases of specific root length and specific root area and increases of root tissue density along the second principal component. Root phosphorus and nitrogen contents were significantly positively associated with the phosphorus and nitrogen contents of both stem and leaf. Wood density was significantly positively associated with LMA and leaf thickness, but negatively associated with leaf thickness and specific leaf area. Our results indicate that, in the tropical cloud forest, there is a "fast-slow" economic spectrum characterized by leaf and stem. Changes of nutrient trait are coordinated, whereas the relationships of morphological traits varied independently between plant above- and below-ground parts, while root nutrient traits are decoupled from root morphological traits. Our findings can provide an insight into the species coexistence and community assembly in high-altitude tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Flower Genetics and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Chuchu Xiao
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Flower Genetics and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Xianming Wu
- Bawangling Branch, Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration, Changjiang, China
| | - Wenxing Long
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Flower Genetics and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Guang Feng
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Flower Genetics and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Guoying Liu
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Flower Genetics and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
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Huang C, Xu Y, Zang R. Variation Patterns of Functional Trait Moments Along Geographical Gradients and Their Environmental Determinants in the Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:686965. [PMID: 34322143 PMCID: PMC8311185 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.686965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how environmental change alters the composition of plant assemblages is a major challenge in the face of global climate change. Researches accounting for site-specific trait values within forest communities help bridge plant economics theory and functional biogeography to better evaluate and predict relationships between environment and ecosystem functioning. Here, by measuring six functional traits (specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration, leaf nitrogen/phosphorus, wood density) for 292 woody plant species (48,680 individuals) from 250 established permanent forest dynamics plots in five locations across the subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests (SEBLF) in China, we quantified functional compositions of communities by calculating four trait moments, i.e., community-weighted mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis. The geographical (latitudinal, longitudinal, and elevational) patterns of functional trait moments and their environmental drivers were examined. Results showed that functional trait moments shifted significantly along the geographical gradients, and trait moments varied in different ways across different gradients. Plants generally showed coordinated trait shifts toward more conservative growth strategies (lower specific leaf area, leaf N and P concentration while higher leaf nitrogen/phosphorus and wood density) along increasing latitude and longitude. However, trends opposite to the latitudinal and longitudinal patterns appeared in trait mean values along elevation. The three sets of environmental variables (climate, soil and topography) explained 35.0-69.0%, 21.0-56.0%, 14.0-31.0%, and 16.0-30.0% of the variations in mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis across the six functional traits, respectively. Patterns of shifts in functional trait moments along geographical gradients in the subtropical region were mainly determined by the joint effects of climatic and edaphic conditions. Climate regimes, especially climate variability, were the strongest driving force, followed by soil nutrients, while topography played the least role. Moreover, the relationship of variance, skewness and kurtosis with climate and their geographical patterns suggested that rare phenotypes at edges of trait space were selected in harsher environments. Our study suggested that environmental filtering (especially climate variability) was the dominant process of functional assembly for forest communities in the subtropical region along geographical gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caishuang Huang
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runguo Zang
- Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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García-Cervigón AI, García-López MA, Pistón N, Pugnaire FI, Olano JM. Co-ordination between xylem anatomy, plant architecture and leaf functional traits in response to abiotic and biotic drivers in a nurse cushion plant. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2021; 127:919-929. [PMID: 33640955 PMCID: PMC8225275 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plants in dry Mediterranean mountains experience a double climatic stress: at low elevations, high temperatures coincide with water shortage during summer, while at high elevations temperature decreases and water availability increases. Cushion plants often act as nurses by improving the microclimate underneath their canopies, hosting beneficiary species that may reciprocally modify their benefactors' microenvironment. We assess how the nurse cushion plant Arenaria tetraquetra subsp. amabilis adjusts its hydraulic system to face these complex abiotic and biotic constraints. METHODS We evaluated intra-specific variation and co-ordination of stem xylem anatomy, leaf functional traits and plant architecture in response to elevation, aspect and the presence of beneficiary species in four A. tetraquetra subsp. amabilis populations in the Sierra Nevada mountains, southern Spain. KEY RESULTS Xylem anatomical and plant architectural traits were the most responsive to environmental conditions, showing the highest mutual co-ordination. Cushions were more compact and had smaller, more isolated conductive vessels in the southern than in the northern aspect, which allow minimization of the negative impacts of more intense drought. Only vessel size, leaf mass per area and terminal branch length varied with elevation. Nurse cushions co-ordinated plant architecture and xylem traits, having higher canopy compactness, fewer leaves per branch and fewer, more isolated vessels than non-nurse cushions, which reflects the negative effects of beneficiary plants on nurse water status. In non-nurse cushions, plant architecture co-ordinated with leaf traits instead. The interacting effects of aspect and elevation on xylem traits showed that stress due to frost at high elevation constrained xylem anatomy in the north, whereas stress due to drought had a parallel effect in the south. CONCLUSIONS Trait co-ordination was weaker under more demanding environmental conditions, which agrees with the hypothesis that trait independence allows plants to better optimize different functions, probably entailing higher adjustment potential against future environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I García-Cervigón
- Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Rey Juan Carlos University, c/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Spain
- For correspondence. E-mail
| | | | - Nuria Pistón
- Department of Ecology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco I Pugnaire
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, EEZA-CSIC, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada, Almería, Spain
| | - José Miguel Olano
- iuFOR-EiFAB, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria s/n, Soria, Spain
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Liu Q, Sterck FJ, Zhang JL, Scheire A, Konings E, Cao M, Sha LQ, Poorter L. Traits, strategies, and niches of liana species in a tropical seasonal rainforest. Oecologia 2021; 196:499-514. [PMID: 34023971 PMCID: PMC8241640 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04937-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plant functional traits and strategies hold the promise to explain species distribution, but few studies have linked multiple traits to multiple niche dimensions (i.e., light, water, and nutrients). Here, we analyzed for 29 liana species in a Chinese tropical seasonal rainforest how: (1) trait associations and trade-offs lead to different plant strategies; and (2) how these traits shape species' niche dimensions. Eighteen functional traits related to light, water, and nutrient use were measured and species niche dimensions were quantified using species distribution in a 20-ha plot combined with data on canopy gaps, topographic water availability, and soil nutrients. We found a tissue toughness spectrum ranging from soft to hard tissues along which species also varied from acquisitive to conservative water use, and a resource acquisition spectrum ranging from low to high light capture and nutrient use. Intriguingly, each spectrum partly reflected the conservative-acquisitive paradigm, but at the same time, the tissue toughness and the resource acquisition spectrum were uncoupled. Resource niche dimensions were better predicted by individual traits than by multivariate plant strategies. This suggests that trait components that underlie multivariate strategy axes, rather than the plant strategies themselves determine species distributions. Different traits were important for different niche dimensions. In conclusion, plant functional traits and strategies can indeed explain species distributions, but not in a simple and straight forward way. Although the identification of global plant strategies has significantly advanced the field, this research shows that global, multivariate generalizations are difficult to translate to local conditions, as different components of these strategies are important under different local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Frank J Sterck
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China.
| | - Arne Scheire
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Konings
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Li-Qing Sha
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Cebrián-Piqueras MA, Trinogga J, Trenkamp A, Minden V, Maier M, Mantilla-Contreras J. Digging into the roots: understanding direct and indirect drivers of ecosystem service trade-offs in coastal grasslands via plant functional traits. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:271. [PMID: 33988759 PMCID: PMC8121717 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent empirical and theoretical approaches have called for an understanding of the processes underpinning ecosystem service provision. Environmental gradients have shown effects on key plant functional traits that subsequently explain ecosystem properties of several systems. However, little is known concerning how associations between plant functional traits, including both below- and aboveground plant components, predict ecosystem properties and independently measured final ecosystem services. Here, we modeled (1) the responses of the leaf and plant economics spectrum, Plant size axis, and root growth to environmental gradients and (2) how associations between plant functional traits explain trade-offs and synergies between multiple ecosystem properties and final services. Forty-four plots were studied in a coastal marsh landscape of the German North Sea Coast. We used a partial least square structural equation model approach to test the hypothesized model. We found (1) a negative covariation between plant traits pertaining to a size axis and traits explaining both plant growth (roots and stems) and the leaf economics spectrum; (2) this trade-off responded significantly to the land use gradient and nutrient availability, which were both strongly driven by the groundwater gradient; (3) this trade-off explained an initial major trade-off between carbon stocks, at one extreme of the axis, and both the habitat value to conserve endangered plants and forage production for meat and dairy products at the other extreme. However, a secondary trade-off between nature conservation value and forage production, explained by a trade-off between leaf economics spectrum and plant growth in response to the land use intensity gradient, was also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Cebrián-Piqueras
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Göttingen, Platz der Göttinger Sieben 5, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Juliane Trinogga
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Trenkamp
- Ecology and Environmental Education Group, Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Vanessa Minden
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Maier
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Mantilla-Contreras
- Ecology and Environmental Education Group, Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
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31
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Vleminckx J, Fortunel C, Valverde‐Barrantes O, Timothy Paine CE, Engel J, Petronelli P, Dourdain AK, Guevara J, Béroujon S, Baraloto C. Resolving whole‐plant economics from leaf, stem and root traits of 1467 Amazonian tree species. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Vleminckx
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Florida International Univ. FL USA
- Yale Inst. for Biospheric Studies New Haven CT USA
| | - Claire Fortunel
- AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations), Univ. de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | | | - C. E. Timothy Paine
- Environmental and Rural Science, Univ. of New England Armidale New South Wales Australia
| | - Julien Engel
- AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations), Univ. de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier Cedex 5 France
- International Center for Tropical Botany, Dept of Biological Sciences, Florida International Univ. Miami FL USA
| | - Pascal Petronelli
- CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, AgroParisTech, Univ. de Guyane, Univ. des Antilles Kourou Cedex France
| | - Aurélie K. Dourdain
- CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, AgroParisTech, Univ. de Guyane, Univ. des Antilles Kourou Cedex France
| | | | - Solène Béroujon
- UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, AgroParisTech, Univ. de Guyane, Univ. des Antilles Kourou Cedex France
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Florida International Univ. FL USA
- INRAe, UMR Ecologie de Forêts de Guyane, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRA, Univ. de Guyane, Univ. des Antilles Kourou Cedex France
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Damasco G, Baraloto C, Vicentini A, Daly DC, Baldwin BG, Fine PVA. Revisiting the hyperdominance of Neotropical tree species under a taxonomic, functional and evolutionary perspective. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9585. [PMID: 33953271 PMCID: PMC8099866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have leveraged large datasets from plot-inventory networks to report a phenomenon of hyperdominance in Amazonian tree communities, concluding that few species are common and many are rare. However, taxonomic hypotheses may not be consistent across these large plot networks, potentially masking cryptic diversity and threatened rare taxa. In the current study, we have reviewed one of the most abundant putatively hyperdominant taxa, Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand (Burseraceae), long considered to be a taxonomically difficult species complex. Using morphological, genomic, and functional data, we present evidence that P. heptaphyllum sensu lato may represent eight separately evolving lineages, each warranting species status. Most of these lineages are geographically restricted, and few if any of them could be considered hyperdominant on their own. In addition, functional trait data are consistent with the hypothesis that trees from each lineage are adapted to distinct soil and climate conditions. Moreover, some of the newly discovered species are rare, with habitats currently experiencing rapid deforestation. We highlight an urgent need to improve sampling and methods for species discovery in order to avoid oversimplified assumptions regarding diversity and rarity in the tropics and the implications for ecosystem functioning and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Damasco
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3140, USA. .,Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Christopher Baraloto
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33133, USA
| | - Alberto Vicentini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, 69080-971, Brazil
| | - Douglas C Daly
- Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA
| | - Bruce G Baldwin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3140, USA
| | - Paul V A Fine
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3140, USA
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Galvão FG, Alves de Lima AL, Candeia de Oliveira C, Silva VF, Rodal MJN. The importance of wood density in determining the phenology of tree species in a coastal rain forest. Biotropica 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - André Luiz Alves de Lima
- Academic Unit of Serra Talhada (UAST) Federal Rural University of Pernambuco –UFRPE Serra Talhada PE Brazil
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Kurze S, Engelbrecht BMJ, Bilton MC, Tielbörger K, Álvarez-Cansino L. Rethinking the Plant Economics Spectrum for Annuals: A Multi-Species Study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:640862. [PMID: 33841468 PMCID: PMC8034396 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.640862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The plant economics spectrum hypothesizes a correlation among resource-use related traits along one single axis, which determines species' growth rates and their ecological filtering along resource gradients. This concept has been mostly investigated and shown in perennial species, but has rarely been tested in annual species. Annuals evade unfavorable seasons as seeds and thus may underlie different constraints, with consequences for interspecific trait-trait, trait-growth, and trait-environment relations. To test the hypotheses of the plant economics spectrum in annual species, we measured twelve resource-use related leaf and root traits in 30 winter annuals from Israel under controlled conditions. Traits and their coordinations were related to species' growth rates (for 19 species) and their distribution along a steep rainfall gradient. Contrary to the hypotheses of the plant economics spectrum, in the investigated annuals traits were correlated along two independent axes, one of structural traits and one of carbon gain traits. Consequently, species' growth rates were related to carbon gain traits, but independent from structural traits. Species' distribution along the rainfall gradient was unexpectedly neither associated with species' scores along the axes of carbon gain or structural traits nor with growth rate. Nevertheless, root traits were related with species' distribution, indicating that they are relevant for species' filtering along rainfall gradients in winter annuals. Overall, our results showed that the functional constraints hypothesized by the plant economics spectrum do not apply to winter annuals, leading to unexpected trait-growth and trait-rainfall relations. Our study thus cautions to generalize trait-based concepts and findings between life-history strategies. To predict responses to global change, trait-based concepts should be explicitly tested for different species groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kurze
- Functional and Tropical Plant Ecology, Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bettina M. J. Engelbrecht
- Functional and Tropical Plant Ecology, Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Ancón, Panama
| | - Mark C. Bilton
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), Windhoek, Namibia
- Plant Ecology Group, Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Tielbörger
- Plant Ecology Group, Institute of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leonor Álvarez-Cansino
- Functional and Tropical Plant Ecology, Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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35
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Welles SR, Funk JL. Patterns of intraspecific trait variation along an aridity gradient suggest both drought escape and drought tolerance strategies in an invasive herb. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2021; 127:461-471. [PMID: 32949134 PMCID: PMC7988521 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In water-limited landscapes, some plants build structures that enable them to survive with minimal water (drought resistance). Instead of making structures that allow survival through times of water limitation, annual plants may invoke a drought escape strategy where they complete growth and reproduction when water is available. Drought escape and resistance each require a unique combination of traits and therefore plants are likely to have a suite of trait values that are consistent with a single drought response strategy. In environments where conditions are variable, plants may additionally evolve phenotypically plastic trait responses to water availability. Invasive annual species commonly occur in arid and semi-arid environments and many will be subject to reduced water availability associated with climate change. Assessing intraspecific trait variation across environmental gradients is a valuable tool for understanding how invasive plants establish and persist in arid environments. METHODS In this study, we used a common garden experiment with two levels of water availability to determine how traits related to carbon assimilation, water use, biomass allocation and flowering phenology vary in California wild radish populations across an aridity gradient. KEY RESULTS We found that populations from arid environments have rapid flowering and increased allocation to root biomass, traits associated with both drought escape and tolerance. Early flowering was associated with higher leaf nitrogen concentration and lower leaf mass per area, traits associated with high resource acquisition. While trait values varied across low- and high-water treatments, these shifts were consistent across populations, indicating no differential plasticity across the aridity gradient. CONCLUSIONS While previous studies have suggested that drought escape and drought resistance are mutually exclusive drought response strategies, our findings suggest that invasive annuals may employ both strategies to succeed in novel semi-arid environments. As many regions are expected to become more arid in the future, investigations of intraspecific trait variation within low water environments help to inform our understanding of potential evolutionary responses to increased aridity in invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana R Welles
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Funk
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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36
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Ávila-Lovera E, Garcillán PP, Silva-Bejarano C, Santiago LS. Functional traits of leaves and photosynthetic stems of species from a sarcocaulescent scrub in the southern Baja California Peninsula. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2020; 107:1410-1422. [PMID: 33460035 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Photosynthetic stems represent a source of extra carbon in plants from hot and dry environments, but little is known about how leaves and photosynthetic stems differ in terms of photosynthetic capacity, trait coordination, and responses to seasonal drought in subtropical systems. METHODS We studied photosynthetic, hydraulic, morphometric (specific leaf area [SLA], wood density [WD]), and biochemical (C and N isotopes) traits in leaves and photosynthetic stems of 12 plant species from a sarcocaulescent scrub in the southern Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, in wet and dry seasons. RESULTS Leaves and stems had similar mean photosynthetic capacity, as evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence traits, indicating similar investment in leaf and stem photosynthesis. We did not find a relationship between stem hydraulic conductivity and leaf or stem photosynthetic traits. However, we found resource allocation trade-offs, between WD and both stem hydraulic conductivity and SLA. Leaf and stem photosynthetic traits did not change with season, but specific stem area was one of the few traits that changed the most between seasons-it increased during the dry season by as much as 154% indicating substantial water storage. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate the same proportional investment in photosynthetic capacity and dry matter in both leaves and photosynthetic stems across all 12 species. We identified multiple strategies at this seasonal site, with species ranging from high WD, low SLA, low hydraulic conductivity, and high specific bark area on one end of the spectrum and opposite traits on the other end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleinis Ávila-Lovera
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology Graduate Program, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Pedro P Garcillán
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, México
| | - Christian Silva-Bejarano
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23096, México
| | - Louis S Santiago
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092. Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Republic of Panama
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Fontes CG, Fine PVA, Wittmann F, Bittencourt PRL, Piedade MTF, Higuchi N, Chambers JQ, Dawson TE. Convergent evolution of tree hydraulic traits in Amazonian habitats: implications for community assemblage and vulnerability to drought. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:106-120. [PMID: 32452033 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Amazonian droughts are increasing in frequency and severity. However, little is known about how this may influence species-specific vulnerability to drought across different ecosystem types. We measured 16 functional traits for 16 congeneric species from six families and eight genera restricted to floodplain, swamp, white-sand or plateau forests of Central Amazonia. We investigated whether habitat distributions can be explained by species hydraulic strategies, and if habitat specialists differ in their vulnerability to embolism that would make water transport difficult during drought periods. We found strong functional differences among species. Nonflooded species had higher wood specific gravity and lower stomatal density, whereas flooded species had wider vessels, and higher leaf and xylem hydraulic conductivity. The P50 values (water potential at 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity) of nonflooded species were significantly more negative than flooded species. However, we found no differences in hydraulic safety margin among species, suggesting that all trees may be equally likely to experience hydraulic failure during severe droughts. Water availability imposes a strong selection leading to differentiation of plant hydraulic strategies among species and may underlie patterns of adaptive radiation in many tropical tree genera. Our results have important implications for modeling species distribution and resilience under future climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa G Fontes
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Paul V A Fine
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Florian Wittmann
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Josefstr.1, Rastatt, D-76437, Germany
- Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Paulo R L Bittencourt
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, 2936, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Niro Higuchi
- Ciências de Florestas Tropicais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, AM, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey Q Chambers
- Climate Science Department, Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Building 74, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Geography, University of California Berkeley, 507 McCone Hall #4740, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Todd E Dawson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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Wang Y, Donovan LA, Temme AA. Plasticity and the role of mass-scaling in allocation, morphology, and anatomical trait responses to above- and belowground resource limitation in cultivated sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.). PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00274. [PMID: 33103045 PMCID: PMC7576876 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the face of resource limitations, plants show plasticity in multiple trait categories, including biomass allocation, morphology, and anatomy, yet inevitably also grow less. The extent to which passive mass-scaling plays a role in trait responses that contribute to increased potential for resource acquisition is poorly understood. Here, we assessed the role of mass-scaling on the direction, magnitude, and coordination of trait plasticity to light and/or nutrient limitation in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus). We grew seedlings of 10 sunflower genotypes for 3 weeks in a factorial of light (50% shade) and nutrient (10% supply) limitation in the greenhouse and measured a suite of allocational, morphological, and anatomical traits for leaves, stems, fine roots, and tap roots. Under resource limitation, plants were smaller and more biomass was allocated to the organ capturing the most limiting resource, as expected. Traits varied in the magnitude of plasticity and the extent to which the observed response was passive (scaled with plant mass) and/or had an additional active component. None of the allocational responses were primarily passive. Plastic changes to specific leaf area and specific root length were primarily active, and adjusted toward more acquisitive trait values under light and nutrient limitation, respectively. For many traits, the observed response was a mixture of active and passive components, and for some traits, the active adjustment was antagonistic to the direction of passive adjustment, for example, stem height, and tap root and stem theoretical hydraulic conductance. Passive scaling with size played a major role in the coordinated response to light, but correcting for mass clarified that the active responses to both limitations were more similar in magnitude, although still resource and organ specific. Our results demonstrate that both passive plasticity and active plasticity can contribute to increased uptake capacity for limiting resources in a manner that is resource, organ, and trait specific. Indeed, passive adjustments (scaling with mass) of traits due to resource stress extend well beyond just mass allocation traits. For a full understanding of plants' response to environmental stress, both passive and active plasticity need to be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of ForestryShandong Agriculture UniversityTaianShandongChina
- Department of Plant BiologyFranklin College of Arts and SciencesThe University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Lisa A. Donovan
- Department of Plant BiologyFranklin College of Arts and SciencesThe University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Andries A. Temme
- Department of Plant BiologyFranklin College of Arts and SciencesThe University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
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Qi Y, Huang JL, Zhang SB. Correlated evolution of leaf and root anatomic traits in Dendrobium (Orchidaceae). AOB PLANTS 2020; 12:plaa034. [PMID: 32818052 PMCID: PMC7426005 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The whole-plant economic spectrum concept predicts that leaf and root traits evolve in coordination to cope with environmental stresses. However, this hypothesis is difficult to test in many species because their leaves and roots are exposed to different environments, above- and below-ground. In epiphytes, both leaves and roots are exposed to the atmosphere. Thus, we suspect there are consistent water conservation strategies in leaf and root traits of epiphytes due to similar selection pressures. Here, we measured the functional traits of 21 species in the genus Dendrobium, which is one of the largest epiphytic taxa in the family Orchidaceae, and used phylogenetically independent contrasts to test the relationships among traits, and between traits and the environment. Our results demonstrate that species with a thicker velamen tended to have thicker roots, a thicker root cortex and vascular cylinder, and a larger number of vessels in the root. Correspondingly, these species also had higher leaf mass per area, and thicker leaf lower cuticles. Leaf and root traits associated with water conservation showed significantly positive relationships. The number of velamen layers, leaf density and the ratio of vascular cylinder radius to root radius were significantly affected by the species' differing environments. Thus, traits related to water conservation and transport may play an important role in helping Dendrobium cope with the cool and dry conditions found at high elevations. These findings confirmed the hypothesis that leaf and root traits have evolved in coordination, and also provide insights into trait evolution and ecological adaptation in epiphytic orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qi
- Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Lin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shi-Bao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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40
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Schmitt S, Hérault B, Ducouret É, Baranger A, Tysklind N, Heuertz M, Marcon É, Cazal SO, Derroire G. Topography consistently drives intra‐ and inter‐specific leaf trait variation within tree species complexes in a Neotropical forest. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Schmitt
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO 69 route d'Arcachon FR‐33610 Cestas France
| | - Bruno Hérault
- CIRAD, UPR Forêts et Sociétés, Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire, and: Forêts et Sociétés, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD Montpellier France
| | - Émilie Ducouret
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Univ. de la Guyane) Kourou French Guiana
| | - Anne Baranger
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO 69 route d'Arcachon FR‐33610 Cestas France
| | - Niklas Tysklind
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, Cirad, Université des Antilles, Univ. de la Guyane) Kourou French Guiana
| | - Myriam Heuertz
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO 69 route d'Arcachon FR‐33610 Cestas France
| | - Éric Marcon
- Agroparistech, UMR EcoFoG (CNRS, Cirad, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Univ. de la Guyane) Kourou French Guiana
| | - Saint Omer Cazal
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, Cirad, Université des Antilles, Univ. de la Guyane) Kourou French Guiana
| | - Géraldine Derroire
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Univ. de la Guyane) Kourou French Guiana
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41
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Grossiord C, Ulrich DEM, Vilagrosa A. Controls of the hydraulic safety-efficiency trade-off. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:573-576. [PMID: 32050013 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Grossiord
- Community Ecology Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering ENAC, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Danielle E M Ulrich
- Department of Ecology, Montana State University, 1156-1174 S 11th Ave, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Alberto Vilagrosa
- Community Ecology Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- CEAM Foundation, Joint Research Unit University of Alicante-CEAM, Dept Ecology, University of Alicante, Carr. de San Vicente del Raspeig, PO Box 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
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42
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Shiklomanov AN, Cowdery EM, Bahn M, Byun C, Jansen S, Kramer K, Minden V, Niinemets Ü, Onoda Y, Soudzilovskaia NA, Dietze MC. Does the leaf economic spectrum hold within plant functional types? A Bayesian multivariate trait meta-analysis. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02064. [PMID: 31872519 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The leaf economic spectrum is a widely studied axis of plant trait variability that defines a trade-off between leaf longevity and productivity. While this has been investigated at the global scale, where it is robust, and at local scales, where deviations from it are common, it has received less attention at the intermediate scale of plant functional types (PFTs). We investigated whether global leaf economic relationships are also present within the scale of plant functional types (PFTs) commonly used by Earth System models, and the extent to which this global-PFT hierarchy can be used to constrain trait estimates. We developed a hierarchical multivariate Bayesian model that assumes separate means and covariance structures within and across PFTs and fit this model to seven leaf traits from the TRY database related to leaf longevity, morphology, biochemistry, and photosynthetic metabolism. Although patterns of trait covariation were generally consistent with the leaf economic spectrum, we found three approximate tiers to this consistency. Relationships among morphological and biochemical traits (specific leaf area [SLA], N, P) were the most robust within and across PFTs, suggesting that covariation in these traits is driven by universal leaf construction trade-offs and stoichiometry. Relationships among metabolic traits (dark respiration [Rd ], maximum RuBisCo carboxylation rate [Vc,max ], maximum electron transport rate [Jmax ]) were slightly less consistent, reflecting in part their much sparser sampling (especially for high-latitude PFTs), but also pointing to more flexible plasticity in plant metabolistm. Finally, relationships involving leaf lifespan were the least consistent, indicating that leaf economic relationships related to leaf lifespan are dominated by across-PFT differences and that within-PFT variation in leaf lifespan is more complex and idiosyncratic. Across all traits, this covariance was an important source of information, as evidenced by the improved imputation accuracy and reduced predictive uncertainty in multivariate models compared to univariate models. Ultimately, our study reaffirms the value of studying not just individual traits but the multivariate trait space and the utility of hierarchical modeling for studying the scale dependence of trait relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N Shiklomanov
- Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, Maryland, 20740, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Cowdery
- Department of Earth & Environment, Boston University, 685 Commonwealth Avenue Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
| | - Michael Bahn
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Chaeho Byun
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Steven Jansen
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Koen Kramer
- Department of Vegetation, Forest, and Landscape Ecology, Wageningen Environmental Research and Wageningen University, P.O. Box 6708, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Minden
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky-University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, Oldenburg, 26129, Germany
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Yusuke Onoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 605-8503, Japan
| | - Nadejda A Soudzilovskaia
- Conservation Biology Department, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Rapenburg 70, 2311, EZ Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michael C Dietze
- Department of Earth & Environment, Boston University, 685 Commonwealth Avenue Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
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43
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Trait Gradient Analysis for Evergreen and Deciduous Species in a Subtropical Forest. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11040364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Leaf habits (e.g., evergreen or deciduous) can reflect strategies of species adapting to varied environmental conditions. However, how species with different leaf habits coexist within a plant community is still poorly understood. Trait gradient analysis is a new approach to partition plant functional trait variations into alpha (within-community) and beta (among-community) components to quantify the effects of environmental filtering and biotic competition on community assembly. Here, on the basis of establishing forty-eight forest dynamic plots in a subtropical evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest in central China and measuring of seven functional traits, we compared the trait variation patterns and influencing factors of evergreen and deciduous species by using the trait gradient analysis method. The results showed that there were significant differences between functional traits for evergreen and deciduous species. Alpha trait components consistently varied more widely than beta components. The correlation between species trait mean and the alpha of each trait was highly significant, but there was no significant correlation between beta and alpha trait values. There were relatively weak or nonexistent significant correlations among species mean trait values and alpha trait values of different functional traits. However, the beta trait value showed high and significant correlations in both evergreen and deciduous species. Our results indicated that evergreen and deciduous species adopt similar adaptation strategies (beta component) in the context of environmental change in the community. However, the species initially came to coexist via the ecological positioning of traits (alpha component), which helped reduce competition so individuals could obtain more resources.
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44
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Worthy SJ, Laughlin DC, Zambrano J, Umaña MN, Zhang C, Lin L, Cao M, Swenson NG. Alternative designs and tropical tree seedling growth performance landscapes. Ecology 2020; 101:e03007. [PMID: 32030743 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The functional trait values that constitute a whole-plant phenotype interact with the environment to determine demographic rates. Current approaches often fail to explicitly consider trait × trait and trait × environment interactions, which may lead to missed information that is valuable for understanding and predicting the drivers of demographic rates and functional diversity. Here, we consider these interactions by modeling growth performance landscapes that span multidimensional trait spaces along environmental gradients. We utilize individual-level leaf, stem, and root trait data combined with growth data from tree seedlings along soil nutrient and light gradients in a hyper-diverse tropical rainforest. We find that multiple trait combinations in phenotypic space (i.e., alternative designs) lead to multiple growth performance peaks that shift along light and soil axes such that no single or set of interacting traits consistently results in peak growth performance. Evidence from these growth performance peaks also generally indicates frequent independence of above- and belowground resource acquisition strategies. These results help explain how functional diversity is maintained in ecological communities and question the practice of utilizing a single trait or environmental variable, in isolation, to predict the growth performance of individual trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Worthy
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, 1210 Biology Psychology Building, 4094 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Daniel C Laughlin
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, 82071, USA
| | - Jenny Zambrano
- The School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, USA
| | - María N Umaña
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Caicai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Luxiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Nathan G Swenson
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, 1210 Biology Psychology Building, 4094 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
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45
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Carvalho B, Bastias CC, Escudero A, Valladares F, Benavides R. Intraspecific perspective of phenotypic coordination of functional traits in Scots pine. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228539. [PMID: 32053614 PMCID: PMC7018023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional traits have emerged as a key to understand species responses to environmental conditions. The concerted expression of multiple traits gives rise to the phenotype of each individual, which is the one interacting with the environment and evolving. However, patterns of trait covariation and how they vary in response to environmental conditions remain poorly understood, particularly at the intraspecific scale. Here, we have measured traits at different scales and in different organs, and analysed their covariation in a large number of conspecifics distributed in two contrasting environments. We expected significant correlations among traits, not only within clusters of traits as found in global, multispecies studies, but also among clusters, with more relationships within clusters, due to genetic constraints, and among clusters due to more coordinated phenotypes than community level, multispecies studies. We surveyed 100 Pinus sylvestris trees in a Mediterranean mountainous area distributed in two contrasting elevations. We measured 13 functional traits, in three clusters (leaf, stem and whole-plant traits), and analysed their variation and coordination. We found significant coordination among traits belonging to different clusters that reveals coordinated phenotypes. However, we found fewer correlations within trait clusters than initially expected. Trait correlation structures (number, intensity and type of correlations among traits) differed among individuals at different elevations. We observed more correlations within trait clusters at low elevation compared to those at high elevation. Moreover, the higher number of correlations among different trait clusters and the lower trait variation at the higher elevation suggests that variability decreases under more stressful conditions. Altogether, our results reveal that traits at intraspecific scale are coordinated in a broad network and not only within clusters of traits but also that this trait covariation is significantly affected by environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Carvalho
- Departamento Biogeografía y Cambio Global, LINCGlobal, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina C. Bastias
- Departamento Biogeografía y Cambio Global, LINCGlobal, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Escudero
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Valladares
- Departamento Biogeografía y Cambio Global, LINCGlobal, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Benavides
- Departamento Biogeografía y Cambio Global, LINCGlobal, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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46
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Momo ST, Ploton P, Martin-Ducup O, Lehnebach R, Fortunel C, Sagang LBT, Boyemba F, Couteron P, Fayolle A, Libalah M, Loumeto J, Medjibe V, Ngomanda A, Obiang D, Pélissier R, Rossi V, Yongo O, Sonké B, Barbier N. Leveraging Signatures of Plant Functional Strategies in Wood Density Profiles of African Trees to Correct Mass Estimations From Terrestrial Laser Data. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2001. [PMID: 32029780 PMCID: PMC7005061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood density (WD) relates to important tree functions such as stem mechanics and resistance against pathogens. This functional trait can exhibit high intraindividual variability both radially and vertically. With the rise of LiDAR-based methodologies allowing nondestructive tree volume estimations, failing to account for WD variations related to tree function and biomass investment strategies may lead to large systematic bias in AGB estimations. Here, we use a unique destructive dataset from 822 trees belonging to 51 phylogenetically dispersed tree species harvested across forest types in Central Africa to determine vertical gradients in WD from the stump to the branch tips, how these gradients relate to regeneration guilds and their implications for AGB estimations. We find that decreasing WD from the tree base to the branch tips is characteristic of shade-tolerant species, while light-demanding and pioneer species exhibit stationary or increasing vertical trends. Across all species, the WD range is narrower in tree crowns than at the tree base, reflecting more similar physiological and mechanical constraints in the canopy. Vertical gradients in WD induce significant bias (10%) in AGB estimates when using database-derived species-average WD data. However, the correlation between the vertical gradients and basal WD allows the derivation of general correction models. With the ongoing development of remote sensing products providing 3D information for entire trees and forest stands, our findings indicate promising ways to improve greenhouse gas accounting in tropical countries and advance our understanding of adaptive strategies allowing trees to grow and survive in dense rainforests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Takoudjou Momo
- Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory (LaBosystE), Department of Biology, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Ploton
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Romain Lehnebach
- UGent-Woodlab, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Claire Fortunel
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Le Bienfaiteur Takougoum Sagang
- Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory (LaBosystE), Department of Biology, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Faustin Boyemba
- University of Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kisangani, Republic of Congo
| | - Pierre Couteron
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Adeline Fayolle
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Moses Libalah
- Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory (LaBosystE), Department of Biology, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Joel Loumeto
- University of Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Vincent Medjibe
- Commission des Forêts d'Afrique Centrale (COMIFAC), Yaoundé, BP, 20818, Cameroon
| | - Alfred Ngomanda
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET/CENAREST), BP, 13354, Libreville, Gabon
| | | | - Raphaël Pélissier
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Vivien Rossi
- Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory (LaBosystE), Department of Biology, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Commission des Forêts d'Afrique Centrale (COMIFAC), Yaoundé, BP, 20818, Cameroon.,RU Forests and Societies, CIRAD, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Olga Yongo
- University of Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | | | - Bonaventure Sonké
- Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory (LaBosystE), Department of Biology, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Nicolas Barbier
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
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47
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Jiang P, Wang H, Meinzer FC, Kou L, Dai X, Fu X. Linking reliance on deep soil water to resource economy strategies and abundance among coexisting understorey shrub species in subtropical pine plantations. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:222-233. [PMID: 31247133 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Strategies for deep soil water acquisition (WAdeep ) are critical to a species' adaptation to drought. However, it is unknown how WAdeep determines the abundance and resource economy strategies of understorey shrub species. With data from 13 understorey shrub species in subtropical coniferous plantations, we investigated associations between the magnitude of WAdeep , the seasonal plasticity of WAdeep , midday leaf water potential (Ψmd ), species abundance and resource economic traits across organs. Higher capacity for WAdeep was associated with higher intrinsic water use efficiency, but was not necessary for maintaining higher Ψmd in the dry season nor was it an ubiquitous trait possessed by the most common shrub species. Species with higher seasonal plasticity of WAdeep had lower wood density, indicating that fast species had higher plasticity in deep soil resource acquisition. However, the magnitude and plasticity of WAdeep were not related to shallow fine root economy traits, suggesting independent dimensions of soil resource acquisition between deep and shallow soil. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms through which the magnitude and plasticity of WAdeep interact with shallow soil and aboveground resource acquisition traits to integrate the whole-plant economic spectrum and, thus, community assembly processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Jiang
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Zhongke-Ji'an Institute for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Ji'an, 343000, China
| | - Frederick C Meinzer
- USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Liang Kou
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Zhongke-Ji'an Institute for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Ji'an, 343000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Dai
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Zhongke-Ji'an Institute for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Ji'an, 343000, China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Zhongke-Ji'an Institute for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Ji'an, 343000, China
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48
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Chai Y, Dang H, Yue M, Xu J, Zhang L, Quan J, Guo Y, Li T, Wang L, Wang M, Liu X. The role of intraspecific trait variability and soil properties in community assembly during forest secondary succession. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Chai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
- School of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Han Dang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
- School of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Ming Yue
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
- School of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Jinshi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Jiaxin Quan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Yaoxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Mao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
- College of Grassland and Environment Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi'an China
- School of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China
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49
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Shen Y, Gilbert GS, Li W, Fang M, Lu H, Yu S. Linking Aboveground Traits to Root Traits and Local Environment: Implications of the Plant Economics Spectrum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1412. [PMID: 31737024 PMCID: PMC6831723 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The plant economics spectrum proposes that ecological traits are functionally coordinated and adapt along environmental gradients. However, empirical evidence is mixed about whether aboveground and root traits are consistently linked and which environmental factors drive functional responses. Here we measure the strength of relationships between aboveground and root traits, and examine whether community-weighted mean trait values are adapted along gradients of light and soil fertility, based on the seedling censuses of 57 species in a subtropical forest. We found that aboveground traits were good predictors of root traits; specific leaf area, dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus content were strongly correlated with root tissue density and specific root length. Traits showed patterns of adaptation along the gradients of soil fertility and light; species with fast resource-acquisitive strategies were more strongly associated with high soil phosphorus, potassium, openness, and with low nitrogen, organic matter conditions. This demonstrates the potential to estimate belowground traits from known aboveground traits in seedling communities, and suggests that soil fertility is one of the main factors driving functional responses. Our results extend our understanding of how ecological strategies shape potential responses of plant communities to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shen
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gregory S. Gilbert
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Fang
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanping Lu
- Guangdong Ecological Meteorology Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixiao Yu
- Department of Ecology, School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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50
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Grossiord C, Christoffersen B, Alonso-Rodríguez AM, Anderson-Teixeira K, Asbjornsen H, Aparecido LMT, Carter Berry Z, Baraloto C, Bonal D, Borrego I, Burban B, Chambers JQ, Christianson DS, Detto M, Faybishenko B, Fontes CG, Fortunel C, Gimenez BO, Jardine KJ, Kueppers L, Miller GR, Moore GW, Negron-Juarez R, Stahl C, Swenson NG, Trotsiuk V, Varadharajan C, Warren JM, Wolfe BT, Wei L, Wood TE, Xu C, McDowell NG. Precipitation mediates sap flux sensitivity to evaporative demand in the neotropics. Oecologia 2019; 191:519-530. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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