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Xu Y, Zhang N, Hu Y, Chen F, Hu L, Liao C, Jiang G. A preliminary understanding of the relationship between synthetic phenolic antioxidants and early pregnancy loss: Uncovering the potential molecular mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171972. [PMID: 38554970 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that environmental pollutants may affect reproductive health, potentially leading to adverse outcomes like pregnancy loss. However, it remains unclear whether exposure to synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs) correlates with early pregnancy loss (EPL). This study explores SPA exposure's link to EPL and its potential molecular mechanisms. From 2021 to 2022, 265 early pregnant women (136 serum and 129 villus samples) with and without EPL were enrolled. We quantified 17 SPAs in serum and chorionic villus, with AO1010, AO3114, BHT, AO2246, and BHT-Q frequently being detected, suggesting their ability to cross the placental barrier. AO1135 showed a positive relationship with EPL in sera, indicating a significant monotonic dose-response relationship (p-trend <0.001). BHT-Q exhibited a similar relationship with EPL in villi. Inhibitory effects of BHT-Q on estradiol (E2) were observed. Molecular docking revealed SPA-protein interactions involved in E2 synthesis. SPA-induced EPL might occur with specific serum levels of AO1135 and certain villus levels of AO1010, BHT-Q, and AO2246. BHT-Q emerges as a potential biomarker for assessing EPL risk. This study provides insights into understanding of the exposure to SPAs and potential adverse outcomes in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Xu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fu Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Rogers RE, Chai S, Pask AJ, Mattiske DM. Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol has long-lasting, transgenerational impacts on fertility and reproductive development. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:53-60. [PMID: 37471692 PMCID: PMC10464516 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant decreases in fertility have been observed over the past 50 years, with female conception rates dropping by 44% and male sperm counts decreasing by over 50%. This dramatic decrease in fertility can be attributed in part to our increasing exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Diethylstilbestrol (DES) is an estrogenic EDC that was prescribed to millions of pregnant women between 1940 and 1970 and resulted in detrimental reproductive effects in the offspring that were exposed in utero. Women who were exposed to DES in utero experienced higher rates of infertility, pregnancy complications, and reproductive cancers. Alarmingly, there is evidence to suggest that these effects may persist in the grandchildren and great grandchildren of exposed women. To define the transgenerational reproductive impacts in females following exposure to DES, gestating mice were exposed to DES and the effects monitored in the female descendants across 3 generations. There was a trend for reduced pregnancy rate and fertility index seen across the generations and moreover, the anogenital distance (AGD) was significantly reduced up until the third, unexposed generation. The onset of puberty was also significantly affected, with the timing of vaginal opening occurring significantly earlier in DES descendants. These results indicate a transgenerational effect of DES on multiple reproductive parameters including fertility, timing of puberty, and AGD. These data have significant implications for more than 50 million DES descendants worldwide as well as raising concerns for the ongoing health impacts caused by exposures to other estrogenic EDCs which are pervasive in our environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E Rogers
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shuyi Chai
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew J Pask
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Deidre M Mattiske
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Gowett MQ, Perry SS, Aggarwal R, Zhou LT, Pavone ME, Duncan FE, Cheng WS. Associations of childhood allergies with parental reproductive and allergy history. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:1349-1359. [PMID: 37133690 PMCID: PMC10310638 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There has been a noted parallel rise in both the use of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) to conceive and childhood allergies in the last few decades. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association between reproductive and allergy history in parents and allergies in their children. METHODS This exploratory study used a cross-sectional study design and web-based survey to collect anonymous data on demographics, allergy, and health history from parents and about each of their children under 18 years of age. Children were stratified into two groups by allergy status (yes/no), and associations between each variable and the odds of allergies were tested using univariable and multivariable mixed logistic regression models. RESULTS Of the 563 children in the study, 237 were reported to have allergies whereas 326 did not. Age, residential community, household income, mode of conception, paternal age at conception, biological parental allergy status, and history of asthma and eczema were significantly associated with allergies in univariable analysis. Multivariable analysis revealed household income ($50 k to $99 k vs ≥ $200 k adj OR = 2.72, 95% CI 1.11, 6.65), biological parental allergies (mother-adj OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.59, 4.72, father-adj OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.24, 3.41) and each additional year of age of children (adj OR 1.17, CI 1.10, 1.24) were significantly associated with odds of allergies in children. CONCLUSION Although the exploratory nature of this convenience, snowballing sample limited the generalizability of the findings, initial observations warrant further investigation and validation in a larger more diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Q Gowett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Lurie 10-109, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sarah S Perry
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Raveena Aggarwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Lurie 10-109, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Luhan T Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Lurie 10-109, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Pavone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Lurie 10-109, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Francesca E Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Lurie 10-109, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - W Susan Cheng
- Department of Social, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Tidewater Building #2460-8329, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Weng X, Zhu Q, Liao C, Jiang G. Cumulative Exposure to Phthalates and Their Alternatives and Associated Female Reproductive Health: Body Burdens, Adverse Outcomes, and Underlying Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37196176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The global birth rate has recently shown a decreasing trend, and exposure to environmental pollutants has been identified as a potential factor affecting female reproductive health. Phthalates have been widely used as plasticizers in plastic containers, children's toys, and medical devices, and their ubiquitous presence and endocrine-disrupting potential have already raised particular concerns. Phthalate exposure has been linked to various adverse health outcomes, including reproductive diseases. Given that many phthalates are gradually being banned, a growing number of phthalate alternatives are becoming popular, such as di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), and di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP), and they are beginning to have a wide range of environmental effects. Studies have shown that many phthalate alternatives may disrupt female reproductive function by altering the estrous cycle, causing ovarian follicular atresia, and prolonging the gestational cycle, which raises growing concerns about their potential health risks. Herein, we summarize the effects of phthalates and their common alternatives in different female models, the exposure levels that influence the reproductive system, and the effects on female reproductive impairment, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and offspring development. Additionally, we scrutinize the effects of phthalates and their alternatives on hormone signaling, oxidative stress, and intracellular signaling to explore the underlying mechanisms of action on female reproductive health, because these chemicals may affect reproductive tissues directly or indirectly through endocrine disruption. Given the declining global trends of female reproductive capacity and the potential ability of phthalates and their alternatives to negatively impact female reproductive health, a more comprehensive study is needed to understand their effects on the human body and their underlying mechanisms. These findings may have an important role in improving female reproductive health and in turn decreasing the number of complications during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Mamasoula C, Bigirumurame T, Chadwick T, Addor MC, Cavero-Carbonell C, Dias CM, Echevarría-González-de-Garibay LJ, Gatt M, Khoshnood B, Klungsoyr K, Randall K, Stoianova S, Haeusler M, Nelen V, Neville AJ, Perthus I, Pierini A, Bertaut-Nativel B, Rissmann A, Rouget F, Schaub B, Tucker D, Wellesley D, Zymak-Zakutnia N, Barisic I, de Walle HEK, Lanzoni M, Sayers G, Mullaney C, Pennington L, Rankin J. Maternal age and the prevalence of congenital heart defects in Europe, 1995-2015: A register-based study. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:583-594. [PMID: 36734416 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the direction and strength of association between maternal age and the prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHD) in different age group categories is conflicting. Some studies have illustrated different trends with an increase in prevalence in younger and older age groups while other studies have reported a linear relationship. Given the increase in maternal age over recent years, it is important to study the CHD prevalence by maternal age. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between maternal age and the prevalence of CHD in Europe between 1995 and 2015 using population-based data from 24 registries belonging to the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) network. METHODS Associations over time of all nonsyndromic CHD according to maternal age category and for three CHD severity groupings (severity group I: very severe; severity group II: severe; severity group III: less severe) were examined using Bayesian multilevel Poisson regression modeling. Further subgroup analyses were undertaken within four maternal age-bands: ≤24, 25-29, 30-34 and 35-44 years. Descriptive summaries are also presented. RESULTS There were 51,608 nonsyndromic CHD cases in Europe over the 20-year study period. Total prevalence for all CHD combined was increased for younger mothers (≤24 years) and for mothers 35-44 years of age when compared with mothers aged 25-29 years (reference group) (IRR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.07). The total prevalence was increased for severity group I (very severe) only for younger mothers compared to those aged 25-29 years (IRR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.23). We found an increased prevalence of the following CHD subtypes: double outlet right ventricle (IRR:1.33, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.60), hypoplastic left heart syndrome (IRR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.32), hypoplastic right heart syndrome (IRR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.84), atrioventricular septal defect (IRR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.32), coarctation of aorta (IRR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.28) and atrial septal defect (IRR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13). For older mothers (35-44 years) compared to the reference category, we observed an increased risk in the prevalence for severity group II (IRR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.14), severity group III (IRR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.08) and an increased prevalence of the CHD subtypes: Pulmonary valve stenosis (IRR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.34), ASD (IRR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13), CoA (IRR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.32) and Tetralogy of Fallot (IRR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.28). Finally, for all age categories compared to the reference category, different associations of ASD and an increased prevalence of CoA was also observed. CONCLUSIONS Based on data for cases of CHD from 24 European population-based registries, evidence of a positive association between maternal age and the total prevalence of CHD for younger (≤24 years old) and older (35-44 years old) mothers was observed. The results suggest that young maternal age (≤24 years old) is a factor associated with severe CHD phenotypes while a positive association between advanced maternal age (35-44 years old) and mild CHD phenotypes was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Chadwick
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Marie-Claude Addor
- Department of Woman-Mother-Child, University Medical Center CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clara Cavero-Carbonell
- Rare Diseases Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos M Dias
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- Epidemiology Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis-Javier Echevarría-González-de-Garibay
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government. Directorate for Healthcare Planning, Organisation and Evaluation, Registries and Health Information Unit, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Gatt
- Malta Congenital Anomalies Register, Directorate for Health Information and Research, Pietà, Malta
| | - Babak Khoshnood
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1153, CRESS, Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), Paris, France
| | - Kari Klungsoyr
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division for Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kay Randall
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sylvia Stoianova
- South West Congenital Anomaly Register, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Martin Haeusler
- Styrian Malformation Registry, Med. University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vera Nelen
- Provinciaal Instituut voor Hygiene (PIH), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Amanda J Neville
- Registro IMER - IMER Registry (Emilia Romagna Registry of Birth Defects), Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Isabelle Perthus
- Auvergne registry of congenital anomalies (CEMC-Auvergne), Department of clinical genetics, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anna Pierini
- Tuscany Registry of Congenital Defects (RTDC), Institute of Clinical Physiology - National Research Council/ Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Anke Rissmann
- Malformation Monitoring Centre Saxony-Anhalt, Medical Faculty Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florence Rouget
- Brittany Registry of Congenital Anomalies, CHU Rennes, University Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Rennes, France
| | - Bruno Schaub
- French West Indies Registry, Registre des Malformations des Antilles (REMALAN), Maison de la Femme de la Mère et de l'Enfant, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort-de-France, France
| | - David Tucker
- CARIS, Public Health Wales, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK
| | - Diana Wellesley
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Department, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Natalya Zymak-Zakutnia
- OMNI-Net Ukraine Birth Defects Program and Khmelnytsky City Children's Hospital, Khmelnytsky, Ukraine
| | - Ingeborg Barisic
- Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Medical School University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hermien E K de Walle
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Monica Lanzoni
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Gerardine Sayers
- Health Service Executive, Dr Steeven's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carmel Mullaney
- Department of Public Health, Service Executive (HSE) South East Area, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Lindsay Pennington
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Judith Rankin
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Wong K, Caskey FJ, Casula A, Ben-Shlomo Y, Bailey P. The UK Chinese population with kidney failure: Clinical characteristics, management and access to kidney transplantation using 20 years of UK Renal Registry and NHS Blood and Transplant data. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264313. [PMID: 35226673 PMCID: PMC8884499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the clinical demographics of and access to transplantation for Chinese diaspora populations with kidney disease. Methods The UK Renal Registry provided data on adults with ethnicity recorded as ‘Chinese’ or ‘White’ starting Kidney Replacement Therapy (KRT) 1/1/97-31/12/17. Baseline characteristics were compared between Chinese and White patients. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationships between Chinese ethnicity and i) being listed for deceased-donor transplantation at start of KRT, ii) being listed 2 years after start of KRT, iii) pre-emptive kidney transplantation, iv) kidney transplantation 3 years after start of KRT, and v) living-donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). Results UK Chinese patients were younger at start of KRT (61.6 vs 65.6 years, p <0.001) and had more diabetic kidney disease (29% vs 20%, p<0.001) and glomerulonephritis (21% vs 13%, p<0.001) than White patients. We found evidence of interaction between ethnicity and sex. Compared to UK White men, UK Chinese men had lower odds of pre-emptive transplant (aOR 0.28, 95% CI [0.10–0.76]) and transplant within 3 years of KRT start (aOR 0.65, [95% CI 0.49–0.87], P = 0.004). UK White women and Chinese women had the same likelihood of pre-emptive transplant (aOR 0.78, 95% CI [0.38–1.61]), or transplant within 3 years of KRT start (aOR 0.94, 95% CI [0.60–1.46]). Both UK Chinese men and women had markedly lower odds of LDKT compared to Whites aOR 0.34 [95% CI 0.21–0.53]. Conclusions UK Chinese are less likely to receive a LDKT. UK Chinese men have lower odds of accessing pre-emptive wait-listing and transplantation. Understanding whether these disparities reflect modifiable barriers will help ensure equitable access to transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Wong
- Bristol Medical School: Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Fergus J. Caskey
- Bristol Medical School: Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Bristol Medical School: Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Pippa Bailey
- Bristol Medical School: Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
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7
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Rickard BP, Rizvi I, Fenton SE. Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and female reproductive outcomes: PFAS elimination, endocrine-mediated effects, and disease. Toxicology 2022; 465:153031. [PMID: 34774661 PMCID: PMC8743032 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread environmental contaminants frequently detected in drinking water supplies worldwide that have been linked to a variety of adverse reproductive health outcomes in women. Compared to men, reproductive health effects in women are generally understudied while global trends in female reproduction rates are declining. Many factors may contribute to the observed decline in female reproduction, one of which is environmental contaminant exposure. PFAS have been used in home, food storage, personal care and industrial products for decades. Despite the phase-out of some legacy PFAS due to their environmental persistence and adverse health effects, alternative, short-chain and legacy PFAS mixtures will continue to pollute water and air and adversely influence women's health. Studies have shown that both long- and short-chain PFAS disrupt normal reproductive function in women through altering hormone secretion, menstrual cyclicity, and fertility. Here, we summarize the role of a variety of PFAS and PFAS mixtures in female reproductive tract dysfunction and disease. Since these chemicals may affect reproductive tissues directly or indirectly through endocrine disruption, the role of PFAS in breast, thyroid, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function are also discussed as the interplay between these tissues may be critical in understanding the long-term reproductive health effects of PFAS in women. A major research gap is the need for mechanism of action data - the targets for PFAS in the female reproductive and endocrine systems are not evident, but the effects are many. Given the global decline in female fecundity and the ability of PFAS to negatively impact female reproductive health, further studies are needed to examine effects on endocrine target tissues involved in the onset of reproductive disorders of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany P Rickard
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Suzanne E Fenton
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Rm E121A, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Gan L, Huang S, Hu Y, Zhang J, Wang X. Heat treatment reduced the expression of miR-7-5p to facilitate insulin-stimulated lactate secretion by targeting IRS2 in boar Sertoli cells. Theriogenology 2021; 180:161-170. [PMID: 34973648 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Insulin dysfunction of diabetes mellitus (DM) disorders the glucose metabolism in Sertoli cells (SCs), resulting in the impairment of spermatogenesis.Insulin signaling system in Sertoli cells (SCs) plays an important role in regulating lactate secretion. Heat treatment could increase the lactate secretion of boar SCs, but whether heat treatment participates in lactate secretion by improving the sensitivity of insulin is unknown. In the current study, the primary SCs from 21-day-old boar were employed to treat with 100 nM insulin for 24 h or heat treatment (43 °C, 30 min). Heat treatment strengthened the effect of insulin on the effect of lactate secretion. In addition, heat treatment increased the expression of insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), but reduced the expression of miR-7-5p. Using dual luciferase reporter assay and Western blot, the study found that IRS2 is a potential target gene of miR-7-5p. Heat treatment also enhanced the Phosphorylation of insulin-stimulated PI3K/Akt, and increased lactate secretion by promoting the expression of Glucose Transporter 3 (GLUT3), Lactate Dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). Furthermore, miR-7-5p inhibitor could partly mimic the effects of heat treatment on lactate production of SCs, indicating that heat treatment improves insulin sensitivity by regulating the expression of miR-7-5p/IRS2/PI3K/Akt. These results reveal a novel miRNA-mediated mechanism of heat treatment on the regulation of lactate metabolism production, and suggest that targeting miR-7-5p is a probably therapeutic method to insulin dysfunction-induced metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Sha Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yu Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - JiaoJiao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - XianZhong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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AlOtaibi A, Ben Shaber S, AlBatli A, AlGhamdi T, Murshid E. A systematic review of population-based gingival health studies among children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:370-374. [PMID: 34803276 PMCID: PMC8589577 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is close to 1% in the United States of America and other countries. Special attention should be given to oral health in individuals with ASD as they are often affected by oral diseases. However, gingival health in children with ASD and adolescents is controversial in terms of the severity of disease and number of people affected. Aim To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the gingival health status of children and adolescents with ASD. Methods The search was conducted using eight databases for articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This search produced 742 relevant papers, but only five with sufficient data on gingival and plaque indices were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Results The homogeneity of the sample was tested using the Cohen Q test, which identified significant heterogeneity (P < 0.0001), indicating the use of the random effect’s standard mean difference. Significantly higher gingival index and plaque index values were found in children and adolescents with ASD than in children without ASD. Conclusion Individuals with ASD need help and better access to oral healthcare. Further investigation is needed with regard to gingival health in individuals with ASD and caries risk assessment to understand how this disorder affects oral health. A standardized index for gingival health will help in the inclusion of more studies to assess gingival health in children and adolescents with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed AlOtaibi
- Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ben Shaber
- Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz AlBatli
- Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal AlGhamdi
- Demonstrator, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtissam Murshid
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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Sisson G. Estimating the annual domestic adoption rate and lifetime incidence of infant relinquishment in the United States . Contraception 2021; 105:14-18. [PMID: 34418378 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Estimating the rate of infant relinquishment for adoption in the United States (U.S.) can inform understandings of pregnancy decision-making and adoption practice. Yet, private domestic adoptions are not systematically tracked. Most methods of estimating adoptions rely on nonmarital birth rates, despite the changing social context of nonmarital births. This analysis provides updated estimates of the rate of infant relinquishment for private domestic adoption in the United States. STUDY DESIGN Using data from National Council for Adoption, Centers for Disease Control, and Guttmacher Institute, I compiled annual estimates for the number and rates of births, abortions, and adoptions; calculated annual domestic infant adoption rates among all women and unmarried women of reproductive age; estimated the number of adoptions as a proportion of marital and nonmarital births; and estimated the lifetime incidence of relinquishment for U.S. women. RESULTS Since 1982, the annual adoption rate per 1000 U.S. women of reproductive age has been between 0.32 and 0.45, decreasing for the last 30 years. The most recent adoption rate translates to a lifetime relinquishment estimate of 0.9% of U.S. women. Based on patterns from 2002 to 2014, I estimate the current number of private domestic adoptions to be approximately 0.5% the annual number of births, or about 18,300 to 20,000 adoptions per year. CONCLUSIONS Despite finding a higher estimate of private domestic adoptions per year than previous estimates, adoption relinquishment rates remain dramatically lower than birth (and thus parenting) and abortion rates in the U.S. IMPLICATIONS National and state level information about annual adoptions is needed to inform policies regarding adoption, abortion, and support for families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Sisson
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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11
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Momordica cymbalaria improves reproductive parameters in alloxan-induced male diabetic rats. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:76. [PMID: 33505831 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Male reproductive dysfunction is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus that causes infertility. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of Momordica cymbalaria (M. cymbalaria) extracts on diabetes mediated reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. The induction of diabetes was performed using a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg). Skin and seed extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg) of M. cymbalaria were orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic male rats for 28 days. Postprandial blood glucose (PBG) levels were recorded at 7-day interval for four weeks. The effects of the treatment on blood glucose, weight of reproductive organs, sperm count, testosterone levels, antioxidant capacity, and histomorphology were evaluated. Treatment with the above extracts of M. cymbalaria significantly (p < 0.05) improved the reproductive parameters as well as the antioxidant levels superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) in the diabetic rats. Also, oral treatment with M. cymbalaria extracts significantly reduced the PBG and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Further, it revived the histomorphology of reproductive organs in diabetic rats. Interestingly, skin extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg was found to be more efficient in elevating the level of testosterone and sperm count in the diabetic rats. Based on the results, it is clear that M. cymbalaria not only regulates the postprandial blood glucose levels but also improves the reproductive health in the diabetic state.
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12
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Jiao X, Gonsioroski A, Flaws JA, Qiao H. Iodoacetic acid disrupts mouse oocyte maturation by inducing oxidative stress and spindle abnormalities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115601. [PMID: 33126034 PMCID: PMC7746578 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are compounds produced during the water disinfection process. Iodoacetic acid (IAA) is one of the unregulated DBPs in drinking water, with potent cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in animals. However, whether IAA has toxic effects on oocyte maturation remains unclear. Here, we show that IAA exposure resulted in metaphase I (MI) arrest and polar-body-extrusion failure in mouse oocytes, indicating that IAA had adverse effects on mouse oocyte maturation in vitro. Particularly, IAA treatment caused abnormal spindle assembly and chromosome misalignment. Previous studies reported that IAA is a known inducer of oxidative stress in non-germline cells. Correspondingly, we found that IAA exposure increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in oocytes in a dose-dependent manner, indicating IAA exposure could induce oxidative stress in oocytes. Simultaneously, DNA damage was also elevated in the nuclei of these IAA-exposed mouse oocytes, evidenced by increased γ-H2AX focus number. In addition, the un-arrested oocytes entered metaphase II (MII) with severe defects in spindle morphologies and chromosome alignment after 14-h IAA treatment. An antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), reduced the elevated ROS level and restored the meiotic maturation in the IAA-exposed oocytes, which indicates that IAA-induced maturation failure in oocytes was mainly mediated by oxidative stress. Collectively, our results indicate that IAA exposure interfered with mouse oocyte maturation by elevating ROS levels, disrupting spindle assembly, inducing DNA damage, and causing MI arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Jiao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andressa Gonsioroski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Huanyu Qiao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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13
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Liu X, Gao M, Sun J, Sun Z, Song J, Xue X, Zhang Z, Shi J, Xing J. Effects of testicular sperm aspiration upon first cycle ICSI-ET for type 2 diabetic male patients. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2020; 66:355-363. [PMID: 32717167 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2020.1785042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Male diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect erectile function and sperm quality. In severe cases, DM can lead to retrograde or no ejaculation, so testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) is combined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to treat subfertility and infertility for DM couples. However, the effect of TESA upon ICSI (TESA-ICSI) for DM patients remains unclear. This research investigated the effect of TESA-ICSI on first cycle ICSI-embryo transfer (ICSI-ET) for type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients and the potential mechanisms. The subjects consisted of 1219 male patients with azoospermia or retrograde ejaculation who were treated with TESA-ICSI from 2015.01 to 2019.11. They were classified into two groups, the T2DM group (n = 54) and non-diabetic control group (n = 1165). Sperm selection for injection was performed using motile sperm organelle morphology examination criteria. The number of available embryos and the high-quality embryo rates following a single ET as well as cleavage, fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy and the abortion rates were noted. Compared with the non-diabetic group, the available embryo rate (75.20 ± 26.40% vs.78.36 ± 23.25%) and high-quality embryo rate (46.49 ± 30.37% vs. 47.55 ± 28.57%) in the T2DM group were lower and the abortion rate (20.83% vs. 8.88%) was higher, but these differences were not statistically significant. There were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy, implantation, normal fertilization, and cleavage rates between the two groups. The results show that TESA for male T2DM patients does not influence the effect of ICSI. For T2DM patients with severe oligozoospermia, asthenospermia, teratozoospermia, or retrograde ejaculation that do not meet ICSI criteria, TESA-ICSI may perhaps be considered for reproductive assistance. ABBREVIATIONS DM: diabetes mellitus; TESA: testicular sperm aspiration; ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection; ICSI-ET; ICSI-embryo transfer; LH: luteinizing hormone; mL: milliliter; TES: testosterone; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; P: progesterone; HCG: human chorionic gonadotropin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianhua Sun
- Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Song
- Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Xue
- Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juanzi Shi
- Reproductive Center of Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junping Xing
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Bernardino RL, Carrageta DF, Sousa M, Alves MG, Oliveira PF. pH and male fertility: making sense on pH homeodynamics throughout the male reproductive tract. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3783-3800. [PMID: 31165202 PMCID: PMC11105638 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the male reproductive tract, ionic equilibrium is essential to maintain normal spermatozoa production and, hence, the reproductive potential. Among the several ions, HCO3- and H+ have a central role, mainly due to their role on pH homeostasis. In the male reproductive tract, the major players in pH regulation and homeodynamics are carbonic anhydrases (CAs), HCO3- membrane transporters (solute carrier 4-SLC4 and solute carrier 26-SLC26 family transporters), Na+-H+ exchangers (NHEs), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) and voltage-gated proton channels (Hv1). CAs and these membrane transporters are widely distributed throughout the male reproductive tract, where they play essential roles in the ionic balance of tubular fluids. CAs are the enzymes responsible for the production of HCO3- which is then transported by membrane transporters to ensure the maturation, storage, and capacitation of the spermatozoa. The transport of H+ is carried out by NHEs, Hv1, and MCTs and is essential for the electrochemical balance and for the maintenance of the pH within the physiological limits along the male reproductive tract. Alterations in HCO3- production and transport of ions have been associated with some male reproductive dysfunctions. Herein, we present an up-to-date review on the distribution and role of the main intervenient on pH homeodynamics in the fluids throughout the male reproductive tract. In addition, we discuss their relevance for the establishment of the male reproductive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel L Bernardino
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David F Carrageta
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Sousa
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- i3S-Institute for Innovation and Health Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Barakat R, Seymore T, Lin PCP, Park CJ, Ko CJ. Prenatal exposure to an environmentally relevant phthalate mixture disrupts testicular steroidogenesis in adult male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:194-201. [PMID: 30802670 PMCID: PMC6511329 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment are considered to be a contributing factor to the decline in the sperm quality. With growing evidence of the harmful effects of EDCs on the male reproductive system, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to an environmentally relevant phthalate mixture adversely affects reproductive outcomes and androgen synthesis. In this study, an environmentally relevant composition of phthalates (15% DiNP, 21% DEHP, 36% DEP, 15% DBP, 8% DiBP, and 5% BBzP) that were detected in urine samples of pregnant women in Illinois, United States, was used. Pregnant CD-1 mice (F0) were orally dosed with a vehicle or the phthalate mixtures (20 µg/kg/day, 200 µg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day, or 500 mg/kg/day) from gestational day 10.5 to the day of birth. Then, the indices of the reproductive function of the F1 males born to these dams were assessed. Those male mice prenatally exposed to the phthalate mixture had smaller gonads, prostates and seminal vesicles, especially in the 20 µg/kg/day and 500 mg/kg/day phthalate mixture groups, compared to the controls. Importantly, at the age of 12 months, those prenatally exposed mice had significantly lower serum testosterone concentrations accompanied by the decreased mRNA expression of testicular steroidogenic genes (StAR, Cyp11, and Cyp17) and impaired spermatogenesis. Taken together, this study found that prenatal exposure to environmentally relevant doses of a phthalate mixture caused a life-long impact on the reproduction in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Barakat
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - Talia Seymore
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Po-Ching Patrick Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Chan Jin Park
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - CheMyong Jay Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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16
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Jiao XF, Liang QM, Wu D, Ding ZM, Zhang JY, Chen F, Wang YS, Zhang SX, Miao YL, Huo LJ. Effects of Acute Fluorene-9-Bisphenol Exposure on Mouse Oocyte in vitro Maturation and Its Possible Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:243-253. [PMID: 30499614 DOI: 10.1002/em.22258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluorene-9-bisphenol (BHPF), a substitute of bisphenol A (BPA) used in the production of the so-called "BPA-free" plastics, has now been shown to be released from commercial plastic bottles into drinking water and has strong anti-estrogenic activity in mice, which suggests that BHPF is also an environmental toxin. However, whether BHPF exposure has effects on mouse oocyte development is unknown. In this study, the influence of acute exposure to BHPF (50-150 μM, 12 hr) on mouse oocyte maturation and its possible mechanisms were investigated. Of note, 50-μM BHPF had no effects on the maturation of mouse oocytes, whereas 100- and 150-μM BHPF significantly blocked germinal vesicle breakdown and led to the failure of first polar body extrusion. Particularly, 100-μM BHPF exposure severely decreased the cellular adenosine triphosphate in a time-dependent manner, which finally brought out the loss of spindles. In addition, the actin cytoskeleton was also impaired. The defective mitochondrial dynamics and decreased mitochondrial DNA implied the damage of mitochondria in BHPF-treated oocytes. Increased PINK1, Beclin1, and LC3B protein level and decreased TOMM20 and TOMM17A protein level illustrated that mitophagy was induced, which also confirmed that BHPF exposure impaired the cellular mitochondria. Moreover, BHPF induced reactive oxygen species accumulation and early apoptosis. Oocyte quality was also impaired by BHPF exposure through altering histone modifications evidenced by increased H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 levels. Collectively, our results indicated that BHPF exposure disrupted mouse oocyte maturation and reduced oocyte quality through affecting cytoskeleton architecture, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and histone modifications. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:243-253, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu-Man Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shou-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Liang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Mirabutalebi SH, Karami N, Ashrafzadeh HR, Akhvansales Z, Tavakoli M, Ghasemi N. Detection of 4977-bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA in in vitro fertilization failure women: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.16.9.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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18
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Histological and Immunohistochemical Characterization of a Case of Endometriosis in a Guinea Pig (Cavia tschudii). Case Rep Vet Med 2018; 2017:4594510. [PMID: 29955430 PMCID: PMC6005282 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4594510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease characterized by the ectopic proliferation of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity. The pathogenesis of this disease is still obscure, and Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation is still the most widely accepted explanation. Endometriosis in animals has been so far described not only in baboons and a rhesus macaque but also in dogs and horses that are nonmenstruating animals. In this article, we report the histological and immunohistochemical characterization of the first case of ovarian cystic endometriosis and adenomyosis in a guinea pig. The case presented supports the hypothesis that endometriosis is a disease not at all related to the phenomenon of retrograde menstruation but is a consequence of some alterations in the morphogenesis of the female genital system and therefore it could be found in any mammal. We suggest considering endometriosis among the other pathological phenotypes in animals displaying ovarian and uterine alterations and having a history of difficulties in conceiving.
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19
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Crisóstomo L, Alves MG, Gorga A, Sousa M, Riera MF, Galardo MN, Meroni SB, Oliveira PF. Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways Involved in the Nutritional Support of Spermatogenesis by Sertoli Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1748:129-155. [PMID: 29453570 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7698-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sertoli cells play a central role in spermatogenesis. They maintain the blood-testis barrier, an essential feature of seminiferous tubules which creates the proper environment for the occurrence of the spermatogenesis. However, this confinement renders germ cells almost exclusively dependent on Sertoli cells' nursing function and support. Throughout spermatogenesis, differentiating sperm cells become more specialized, and their biochemical machinery is insufficient to meet their metabolic demands. Although the needs are not the same at all differentiation stages, Sertoli cells are able to satisfy their needs. In order to maintain the seminiferous tubule energetic homeostasis, Sertoli cells react in response to several metabolic stimuli, through signaling cascades. The AMP-activated kinase, sensitive to the global energetic status; the hypoxia-inducible factors, sensitive to oxygen concentration; and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, sensitive to fatty acid availability, are pathways already described in Sertoli cells. These cells' metabolism also reflects the whole-body metabolic dynamics. Metabolic diseases, including obesity and type II diabetes mellitus, induce changes that, both directly and indirectly, affect Sertoli cell function and, ultimately, (dys)function in male reproductive health. Insulin resistance, increased estrogen synthesis, vascular disease, and pubic fat accumulation are examples of metabolic-related conditions that affect male fertility potential. On the other hand, malnutrition can also induce negative effects on male sexual function. In this chapter, we review the molecular mechanisms associated with the nutritional state and male sexual (dys)function and the central role played by the Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Crisóstomo
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine (FMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Agostina Gorga
- CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mário Sousa
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Microscopy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros, Porto, Portugal
| | - María F Riera
- CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María N Galardo
- CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina B Meroni
- CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
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Condorelli RA, La Vignera S, Mongioì LM, Alamo A, Calogero AE. Diabetes Mellitus and Infertility: Different Pathophysiological Effects in Type 1 and Type 2 on Sperm Function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:268. [PMID: 29887834 PMCID: PMC5980990 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the prevalence of sub-infertility in diabetic patients in childbearing age is known, the mechanisms by which diabetes mellitus (DM) causes male infertility are not completely explained. This detrimental effect is achieved with a variety of mechanisms that include pre-testicular, testicular, and post-testicular pathogenetic moments and can be different in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) patients because of type of diabetes, duration of disease, and glycemic metabolic compensation. Aim of this study was to evaluate whether diabetic disease can be considered a risk factor for infertility considering the etiopathogenetic differences between DM1 and DM2 on sperm function. We enrolled 38 DM1 patients and 55 DM2 patients with idiopathic infertility history >12 months, and 100 healthy fertile subjects. The following outcomes were evaluated in optical microscopy and flow cytometry: sperm function (by conventional and biofunctional sperm parameters) and signs of urogenital infection/inflammation (by sperm leukocyte concentrations and indices of oxidative stress). Moreover, an andrological evaluation (by didymo-epididymal ultrasound evaluation, serum total testosterone, LH, and FSH measurements) was performed in DM1 and DM2 patients compared to controls. Diabetic patients showed a higher risk of becoming infertile and the pathophysiological mechanisms of damage were different in DM1 and DM2. Conventional sperm parameters of diabetic patients are worse than controls (p < 0.05). The DM2 caused an inflammatory condition with increased oxidative stress resulting in decreased sperm vitality and increased sperm DNA fragmentation. DM1 altered epididymal voiding causing low ejaculate volume and mitochondrial damage resulting in decreased sperm motility. These findings and evidences support the contention that DM could be regarded as cause of male infertility suggesting that the prevention of diabetic disease in DM2 and the follow-up of seminal parameters in DM1 could prevent fertility decline in these categories of patients.
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Crisóstomo L, Alves MG, Calamita G, Sousa M, Oliveira PF. Glycerol and testicular activity: the good, the bad and the ugly. Mol Hum Reprod 2017; 23:725-737. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gax049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Crisóstomo
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| | - Mário Sousa
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Professor Alberto Barros, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
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Decreased expression of orexin 1 receptor in adult mice testes during alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus perturbs testicular steroidogenesis and glucose homeostasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1346-1354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Park HK, Ruterbusch JJ, Cote ML. Recent Trends in Ovarian Cancer Incidence and Relative Survival in the United States by Race/Ethnicity and Histologic Subtypes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:1511-1518. [PMID: 28751475 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Incidence and survival rates of nonserous epithelial ovarian cancer in racial/ethnic minorities remain relatively unknown in the United States. We examined the trends in incidence and survival rates for epithelial ovarian cancer by histologic subtypes and race/ethnicity.Methods: Ovarian cancer incidence and mortality data from 2000 to 2013 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Age-adjusted incidence rate, incidence rate ratio, and annual percentage changes (APC) were calculated by histology and race/ethnicity subgroups and stratified by age at diagnosis. Five-year relative survival rates were calculated by stage and race/ethnicity.Results: A small but significant decrease in incidence rates was seen in non-Hispanic white (NHW), non-Hispanic black (NHB), and Hispanic women (APC -1.58, -0.84, and -1.31, respectively), while incidence rates remained relatively stable in Asian women (APC -0.37). With exception of significant increase in the incidence rate of clear cell carcinoma among Asian woman (APC 1.85), an overall trend toward decreasing incidence rates was seen across histologic subtypes and age-strata, although not all results were statistically significant. Compared with NHW women, NHB women experienced poorer 5-year survival at every stage across histologic subtypes, while Hispanic and Asian women had equivalent or better survival.Conclusions: Over the last decade, incidence rates of epithelial ovarian cancer in the United States have decreased or remained stable across race/ethnic and histologic subgroups, except for clear cell carcinoma. Survival remains poorest among NHB women.Impact: Comparative histologic subtype distribution and incidence trends do not explain the ovarian cancer survival disparity disproportionately affecting NHB women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(10); 1511-8. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo K Park
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Julie J Ruterbusch
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Michele L Cote
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan. .,Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Sciences and Disparities Research Program, Detroit, Michigan
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24
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Sohn H. Medicaid's lasting impressions: Population health and insurance at birth. Soc Sci Med 2017; 177:205-212. [PMID: 28187304 PMCID: PMC5342248 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This article examines lasting mortality improvements associated with availability of Medicaid at time and place of birth. Using the US Vital Statistics (1959-2010), I exploit the variation in when each of the 50 states adopted Medicaid to estimate overall infant mortality improvements that coincided with Medicaid participation. 0.23 less infant deaths per 1000 live births was associated with states' Medicaid implementation. Second, I find lasting associations between Medicaid and mortality improvements across the life-course. I build state-specific cohort life-tables and regress age-specific mortality on availability of Medicaid in their states at time of birth. Cohorts born after Medicaid adoption had lower mortality rates throughout childhood and into adulthood. Being born after Medicaid was associated with between 2.03 and 3.64 less deaths per 100,000 person-years in childhood and between 1.35 and 3.86 less deaths per 100,000 person-years in the thirties. The association between Medicaid at birth and mortality was the strongest in the oldest age group (36-40) in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeju Sohn
- Population Studies Center, Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, 3718 Locust Walk, Rm 239, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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25
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Choi JH, Lee SH, Bae JH, Shim JS, Park HS, Kim YS, Shin C. Effect of Sleep Deprivation on the Male Reproductive System in Rats. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1624-30. [PMID: 27550492 PMCID: PMC4999406 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.10.1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been no study reporting on the influence of sleep deprivation on the male reproductive system including sperm quality. In this study, we hypothesized that sleep deprivation could lead to adverse effect on the male reproductive system. The rats were divided into three groups: 1) control (home-cage, n = 10); 2) SD4 (sleep deprivation for 4 days, n = 10); and 3) SD7 (sleep deprivation for 7 days, n = 10). Sleep deprivation was performed by a modified multiple platform method. Sperm quality (sperm motion parameters and counts), hormone levels (corticosterone and testosterone), and the histopathology of testis were evaluated and compared between the three groups. A statistically significant reduction (P = 0.018) was observed in sperm motility in the SD7 group compared to those of the control group. However, there were no significant differences in other sperm motion parameters, or in sperm counts of the testis and cauda epididymis between three groups. Compared with the control group, the SD4 (P = 0.033) and SD7 (P = 0.002) groups exhibited significant increases of corticosterone levels, but significant decreases of testosterone levels were found in the SD4 (P = 0.001) and SD7 (P < 0.001) groups. Seminiferous tubular atrophy and/or spermatid retention was partially observed in the SD4 and SD7 groups, compared with the normal histopathology of the control group. Sleep deprivation may have an adverse effect on the male reproductive system in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ho Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Bae
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Sung Shim
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Seok Park
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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26
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Zhou Y, Fu XM, He DL, Zou XM, Wu CQ, Guo WZ, Feng W. Evaluation of urinary metal concentrations and sperm DNA damage in infertile men from an infertility clinic. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:68-73. [PMID: 27262988 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine associations between urinary metal concentrations and sperm DNA damage. Thirteen metals [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn)] were detected in urine samples of 207 infertile men from an infertility clinic using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and also, sperm DNA damage (tail length, percent DNA tail, and tail distributed moment) were assessed using neutral comet assay. We found that urinary Hg and Ni were associated with increasing trends for tail length (both p for trend<0.05), and that urinary Mn was associated with increasing trend for tail distributed moment (p for trend=0.02). These associations did persist even when considering multiple metals. Our results suggest that environmental exposure to Hg, Mn, and Ni may be associated with increased sperm DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Fu
- The 169th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Xiangnan Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Dong-Liang He
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xue-Min Zou
- School of Public Health, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Cheng-Qiu Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei-Zhen Guo
- School of Public Health, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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27
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Wang HX, Li HC, Lv MQ, Zhou DX, Bai LZ, Du LZ, Xue X, Lin P, Qiu SD. Associations between occupation exposure to Formaldehyde and semen quality, a primary study. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15874. [PMID: 26515386 PMCID: PMC4626826 DOI: 10.1038/srep15874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA), a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, has long been suspected of having male reproductive toxicity. However, FA male reproductive toxicity was inconclusive due to dearth of human studies. Therefore, we sought to investigate whether occupational exposure to FA affects semen quality. Semen quality including five conventional parameters and seven kinematics parameters were compared between 114 male workers occupationally exposed to FA and 76 referents. FA exposure index (FEI) was measured and calculated. Our results showed that sperm progressive motility, total sperm motility, VCL, VSL and VAP were statistically significant decreased in FA exposure workers compared with the referents. Moreover, FEI was significantly negative associated with sperm progressive motility (β = -0.19, P = 0.01) and total sperm motility (β = -0.23, P = 0.004). In addition, a significant elevated risk of abnormal sperm progressive motility were observed in both low- (OR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.11-5.97) and high-FA-exposed group (OR = 3.41; 95% CI: 1.45-7.92) respectively. Furthermore, a significant increased risk was also estimated for abnormal total sperm motility in both low- (OR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.24-8.28) and high-FA-exposed group (OR = 4.84; 95% CI: 1.83-12.81) respectively. In conclusion, our study revealed the adverse effects of FA occupation exposure on semen quality, especially on sperm motion parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of basic medical sciences, Health science center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - He-cheng Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Mo-qi Lv
- Department of Pathology, School of basic medical sciences, Health science center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Dang-xia Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of basic medical sciences, Health science center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Li-zhi Bai
- Department of Pathology, School of basic medical sciences, Health science center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Liang-zhi Du
- Department of Pathology, School of basic medical sciences, Health science center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xia Xue
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Maternal and child care Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Pu Lin
- Electric Power Science Research Institute of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Shu-dong Qiu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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28
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Guida M, Troisi J, Ciccone C, Granozio G, Cosimato C, Di Spiezio Sardo A, Ferrara C, Guida M, Nappi C, Zullo F, Di Carlo C. Bisphenol A and congenital developmental defects in humans. Mutat Res 2015; 774:33-39. [PMID: 25796969 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Over 50% of the causes of fetal malformations in humans are still unknown. Recent evidence suggests the relationship between environmental exposure to endocrine disruptors and fetal malformations. Our study aims to establish the role of Bisphenol A (BPA), if any, in altering human reproduction. We enrolled 151 pregnant women who were divided into two groups: case group (CS, n=101), women with established diagnosis of developmental defect, and control group (CL, n=50), pregnant women with normally developed fetus. Total, free and conjugated BPA were measured in their blood using GC-MS with isotopic dilution. The results show a correlation between environmental exposure to BPA and the genesis of fetal malformations. Conjugated BPA, which was higher in the CL, casts light on the hypothesis that a reduced ability to metabolize the chemical in the mother can concur to the occurrence of malformation. In a more detailed manner, in case of chromosomal malformations, the average value of free BPA appears to be nearly three times greater than that of the controls. Similarly, in case of central and peripheral nervous system non-chromosomal malformations, the value of free BPA is nearly two times greater than that of the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacopo Troisi
- Department of Medicine, University of Salerno, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | - Cinzia Ferrara
- Department of Medicine, "Federico II", University of Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, "Federico II", University of Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Nappi
- Department of Medicine, "Federico II", University of Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvio Zullo
- Department of Medicine, University of Salerno, Italy
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29
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Krieger N, Kiang MV, Kosheleva A, Waterman PD, Chen JT, Beckfield J. Age at menarche: 50-year socioeconomic trends among US-born black and white women. Am J Public Health 2015; 105:388-97. [PMID: 25033121 PMCID: PMC4318288 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.301936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated 50-year US trends in age at menarche by socioeconomic position (SEP) and race/ethnicity because data are scant and contradictory. METHODS We analyzed data by income and education for US-born non-Hispanic Black and White women aged 25 to 74 years in the National Health Examination Survey (NHES) I (1959-1962), National Health Examination and Nutrition Surveys (NHANES) I-III (1971-1994), and NHANES 1999-2008. RESULTS In NHES I, average age at menarche among White women in the 20th (lowest) versus 80th (highest) income percentiles was 0.26 years higher (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.09, 0.61), but by NHANES 2005-2008 it had reversed and was -0.33 years lower (95% CI = -0.54, -0.11); no socioeconomic gradients occurred among Black women. The proportion with onset at younger than 11 years increased only among women with low SEP, among Blacks and Whites (P for trend < .05), and high rates of change occurred solely among Black women (all SEP strata) and low-income White women who underwent menarche before 1960. CONCLUSIONS Trends in US age at menarche vary by SEP and race/ethnicity in ways that pose challenges to several leading clinical, public health, and social explanations for early age at menarche and that underscore why analyses must jointly include data on race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position. Future research is needed to explain these trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Krieger
- Nancy Krieger, Mathew V. Kiang, Anna Kosheleva, Pamela D. Waterman, and Jarvis T. Chen are with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Jason Beckfield is with the Department of Sociology, Harvard University
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30
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Wijnands KP, Zeilmaker GA, Meijer WM, Helbing WA, Steegers-Theunissen RP. Periconceptional parental conditions and perimembranous ventricular septal defects in the offspring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 100:944-50. [DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim P.J. Wijnands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC; University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gerda A. Zeilmaker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC; University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Willemijn M. Meijer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC; University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Helbing
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC; University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Régine P.M. Steegers-Theunissen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC; University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC; University Medical Center; Rotterdam The Netherlands
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31
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Li Y, Zhang W, Liu J, Wang W, Li H, Zhu J, Weng S, Xiao S, Wu T. Prepubertal bisphenol A exposure interferes with ovarian follicle development and its relevant gene expression. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 44:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Machtinger R, Combelles CM, Missmer SA, Correia KF, Williams P, Hauser R, Racowsky C. Bisphenol-A and human oocyte maturation in vitro. Hum Reprod 2013; 28:2735-45. [PMID: 23904465 PMCID: PMC3777571 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA) affect the maturation of human oocytes in vitro? SUMMARY ANSWER There was a dose-response association of BPA exposure with altered human oocyte maturation in vitro. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY There is widespread exposure of the general population to BPA. BPA has been detected in the human follicular fluid. Animal studies have shown that BPA exposure is associated with maturation arrest and spindle abnormalities in maturing oocytes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A randomized trial, using 352 clinically discarded oocytes from 121 patients. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The study population was drawn from patients undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles in our program at Brigham and Women's Hospital from March 2011 to April 2012. Oocytes from only one cycle for each patient were included in the study. Cycles with at least two germinal vesicle stage oocytes were included with random allocation of one oocyte to culture for 30 h without BPA and remaining sibling oocytes to medium-containing BPA (20, 200 ng/ml or 20 µg/ml). Oocytes were fixed and labeled for tubulin, actin and chromatin and examined with immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. Oocytes were assessed for meiotic stage (n = 292), and those at metaphase II (MII, n = 175) were further classified according to their spindle configurations and patterns of chromosome alignment. McNemar's test was used to compare dichotomized maturation status. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for the correlation between oocytes from the same woman and for the spindle analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE As the BPA dose increased, there was a decrease in the percentage of oocytes that progressed to MII (P = 0.002) and increases in the percentage of oocytes that were degenerated (P = 0.01) or that had undergone spontaneous activation (P = 0.007). Among MII oocytes, as the BPA dose increased, there was a significant trend (by test for trend) for a decreased incidence of bipolar spindles (P < 0.0001) and aligned chromosomes (P = 0.02). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Although we used sibling oocytes to overcome potential confounders, such as infertility diagnosis and maternal age, additional studies with a larger number of oocytes are required to confirm the present results. Having access only to clinically discarded oocytes, we were limited to evaluating only those oocytes that failed to mature in vivo despite having been exposed to gonadotrophin stimulation and the ovulatory trigger of HCG. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the effect of BPA on oocyte meiotic maturation, spindle morphology and chromosome alignment in human oocytes. Together with prior animal studies, the data support the negative influences of BPA on cell cycle progression, spindle architecture and chromosome organization during oocyte maturation. Furthermore, the increased rates of abnormal maturation in oocytes exposed to BPA may be relevant to our understanding of the decrease in fertility reported in the last decades. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by the NIEHS Center Grant Pilot Project (P30-ES000002). R.M. was sponsored by a fellowship from the Environmental Health Fund, Israel and by the Frederick L. Hisaw Endowment, Harvard School of Public Health. There are no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER n/a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Machtinger
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Stacey A. Missmer
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katharine F. Correia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paige Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Racowsky
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Buck Louis GM, Peterson CM, Chen Z, Croughan M, Sundaram R, Stanford J, Varner MW, Kennedy A, Giudice L, Fujimoto VY, Sun L, Wang L, Guo Y, Kannan K. Bisphenol A and phthalates and endometriosis: the Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis and Outcomes Study. Fertil Steril 2013; 100:162-9.e1-2. [PMID: 23579005 PMCID: PMC3700684 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relation between bisphenol A and 14 phthalate metabolites and endometriosis. DESIGN Matched cohort design. SETTING Fourteen clinical centers. PATIENT(S) The operative cohort comprised 495 women undergoing laparoscopy/laparotomy, whereas the population cohort comprised 131 women matched on age and residence. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Surgically visualized or pelvic magnetic resonance imaging diagnosed endometriosis in the two cohorts, respectively. RESULT(S) Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression adjusting for age, body mass index, and creatinine. In the population cohort, six phthalate metabolites-mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-[(2-carboxymethyl) hexyl] phthalate, mono (2-ethyl-5-carboxyphentyl) phthalate, mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate-were significantly associated with an approximately twofold increase in the odds of an endometriosis diagnosis. Two phthalates were associated with endometriosis in the operative cohort when restricting to visualized and histologic endometriosis (monooctyl phthalate; OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.10-1.72) or when restricting comparison women to those with a postoperative diagnosis of a normal pelvis [mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.03-1.78]. CONCLUSION(S) Select phthalates were associated with higher odds of an endometriosis diagnosis for women with magnetic resonance imaging-diagnosed endometriosis. The lack of consistency of findings across cohorts underscores the impact of methodology on findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germaine M Buck Louis
- Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
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Kramer MA, van Veen MG, Op de Coul ELM, Coutinho RA, Prins M. Do sexual risk behaviour, risk perception and testing behaviour differ across generations of migrants? Eur J Public Health 2013; 24:134-8. [PMID: 23729482 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckt059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behaviour and related health outcomes of migrants have been suggested to shift towards the practices of the indigenous population of the host country. To investigate this, we studied generational differences in sexual behaviour between first- and second-generation migrants (FGMs and SGMs) in The Netherlands. METHODS In 2003-05, persons aged 16-70 years with origins in Surinam, the Antilles and Aruba were interviewed on their sexual behaviour in The Netherlands and their country of origin. The relationship of generation, age at migration and sexual behaviour was studied by multinomial logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Generational differences were observed regarding concurrent partnerships, anal sex and history of sexually transmitted infection. Compared with FGMs who migrated at an age >25 years, those who migrated between 10 and 25 years of age were more likely to report concurrency [odds ratio (OR): 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-2.04], whereas SGMs were less likely to report concurrency (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.98). FGMs who migrated before the age of 10 were more likely to have had anal sex (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.34-2.71) or a sexually transmitted infection diagnosis (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.20-2.71) than those who had migrated at >25 years of age. CONCLUSION Our study shows that not only SGMs but also FGMs who migrated at an early age tend to differ from the sexual patterns of FGMs who migrated at an older age. Generational differences in sexual behaviour could be explained by acculturation and increased identity with the values of the host country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlijn A Kramer
- 1 Cluster Infectious Diseases, Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Toriola AT, Colditz GA. Trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality in the United States: implications for prevention. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013; 138:665-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Alves MG, Martins AD, Cavaco JE, Socorro S, Oliveira PF. Diabetes, insulin-mediated glucose metabolism and Sertoli/blood-testis barrier function. Tissue Barriers 2013; 1:e23992. [PMID: 24665384 PMCID: PMC3875609 DOI: 10.4161/tisb.23992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood testis barrier (BTB) is one of the tightest blood-barriers controlling the entry of substances into the intratubular fluid. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an epidemic metabolic disease concurrent with falling fertility rates, which provokes severe detrimental BTB alterations. It induces testicular alterations, disrupting the metabolic cooperation between the cellular constituents of BTB, with dramatic consequences on sperm quality and fertility. As Sertoli cells are involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis, providing nutritional support for germ cells, any metabolic alteration in these cells derived from DM may be responsible for spermatogenesis disruption, playing a crucial role in fertility/subfertility associated with this pathology. These cells have a glucose sensing machinery that reacts to hormonal fluctuations and several mechanisms to counteract hyper/hypoglycemic events. The role of DM on Sertoli/BTB glucose metabolism dynamics and the metabolic molecular mechanisms through which DM and insulin deregulation alter its functioning, affecting male reproductive potential will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco G. Alves
- CICS-UBI; Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana D. Martins
- CICS-UBI; Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José E. Cavaco
- CICS-UBI; Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI; Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro F. Oliveira
- CICS-UBI; Health Sciences Research Centre; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã, Portugal
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Alves MG, Martins AD, Rato L, Moreira PI, Socorro S, Oliveira PF. Molecular mechanisms beyond glucose transport in diabetes-related male infertility. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:626-35. [PMID: 23348098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the greatest public health threats in modern societies. Although during a few years it was suggested that DM had no significant effect in male reproductive function, this view has been challenged in recent years. The increasing incidence of DM worldwide will inevitably result in a higher prevalence of this pathology in men of reproductive age and subfertility or infertility associated with DM is expected to dramatically rise in upcoming years. From a clinical perspective, the evaluation of semen parameters, as well as spermatozoa deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity, are often studied due to their direct implications in natural and assisted conception. Nevertheless, recent studies based on the molecular mechanisms beyond glucose transport in testicular cells provide new insights in DM-induced alterations in male reproductive health. Testicular cells have their own glucose sensing machinery that react to hormonal fluctuations and have several mechanisms to counteract hyper- and hypoglycemic events. Moreover, the metabolic cooperation between testicular cells is crucial for normal spermatogenesis. Sertoli cells (SCs), which are the main components of blood-testis barrier, are not only responsible for the physical support of germ cells but also for lactate production that is then metabolized by the developing germ cells. Any alteration in this tied metabolic cooperation may have a dramatic consequence in male fertility potential. Therefore, we present an overview of the clinical significance of DM in the male reproductive health with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms beyond glucose fluctuation and transport in testicular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Alves
- University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Nabukera SK, Romitti PA, Caspers KM, Street N, Cunniff C, Mathews KD, Fox DJ, Puzhankara S, Ciafaloni E, James KA, Su Y. Reproductive patterns among mothers of males diagnosed with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 161A:70-5. [PMID: 23239595 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of a child with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy (DBMD) may impact future maternal reproductive choice; however, little is known about the reproductive patterns of mothers with a male child diagnosed with DBMD. Using population-based surveillance data collected by the muscular dystrophy surveillance, tracking, and research network, the proportion of mothers who conceived and delivered a live birth following the diagnosis of DBMD in an affected male child and factors associated with such reproductive choice were identified. To accomplish this, maternal demographic data were linked to birth certificate data to construct the reproductive history for 239 mothers. Univariable and bivariable analyses were conducted to determine the proportion of mothers delivering a live birth and associated factors. By the time of the current study, 96 (40.2%) of the 239 mothers had at least one live birth following delivery of their oldest affected male child; 53 (22.2%) of these mothers had a live birth before and 43 (18.0%) had a live birth after DBMD diagnosis of a male child. Mothers with a live birth after diagnosis were significantly younger at diagnosis of the oldest affected male child (26.2 ± 4.2 years vs. 31.5 ± 5.5 years), and were less likely to be white non-Hispanic compared to those with no live birth after diagnosis. These results suggest that about one in five mothers deliver a live birth subsequent to DBMD diagnosis in a male child. Maternal age and race/ethnicity were associated with this reproductive choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Nabukera
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Krieger N, Chen JT, Waterman PD, Kosheleva A, Beckfield J. History, haldanes and health inequities: exploring phenotypic changes in body size by generation and income level in the US-born White and Black non-Hispanic populations 1959-1962 to 2005-2008. Int J Epidemiol 2012; 42:281-95. [PMID: 23220719 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dys206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most public health literature on trends in population health and health inequities pertains to observed or targeted changes in rates or proportions per year or decade. We explore, in novel analyses, whether additional insight can be gained by using the 'haldane', a metric developed by evolutionary biologists to measure change in traits in standard deviations per generation, thereby enabling meaningful comparisons across species and time periods. METHODS We analysed the phenotypic embodied traits of body height, weight and body mass index of US-born White and Black non-Hispanic adults ages 20 to 44 as measured in six large nationally representative population samples spanning from the 1959-1962 National Health Examination Survey I to the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Setting the former as baseline, we computed the haldane for each outcome for each racial/ethnic group for each survey, overall and stratified by family income quintile. RESULTS For height, high rates of phenotypic change (haldane ≥ 0.3) occurred chiefly between 1960 and 1980, especially for the Black population in the higher income quintiles. By contrast, for weight, high rates of phenotypic change became evident for both the White and Black populations in the late 1980s and increased thereafter; for body mass index, the shift to high rates of change started in both groups in the late 1990s, especially in the middle income quintiles. CONCLUSIONS Our results support use of the haldane as a supplemental metric to place changes in population health and health inequities in a larger biological and historical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Krieger
- Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether paternal occupational exposure to formaldehyde (FA) affects the reproductive outcomes. METHODS Data were collected from 302 male workers occupationally exposed to FA and 305 referent controls through interview questionnaires. Formaldehyde exposure level was measured and calculated for every subject. Different reproductive outcomes were compared for two groups by logistic regression analyses. RESULTS A significant increased risk of prolonged time to pregnancy (P = 0.034; odds ratio, 2.828; 95% confidence interval, 1.081 to 7.406) and significant elevated risk of spontaneous abortion (P = 0.021; odds ratio, 1.916; 95% confidence interval, 1.103 to 3.329) were observed in wives of male workers occupationally exposed to FA after correction for confounding factors. Moreover, reproductive toxicity due to FA exposure is dose dependent. CONCLUSIONS This epidemiological study adds some evidence for the hypothesis that paternal FA occupation exposure has adverse effects on reproductive outcomes.
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Ahn HJ, An BS, Jung EM, Yang H, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Parabens inhibit the early phase of folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in the ovaries of neonatal rats. Mol Reprod Dev 2012; 79:626-36. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Liu L, Bao H, Liu F, Zhang J, Shen H. Phthalates exposure of Chinese reproductive age couples and its effect on male semen quality, a primary study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2012; 42:78-83. [PMID: 21524797 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are suspected of having adverse effects on androgen-regulated reproductive development in animals and may be toxic for human sperm. The purposes of our study were to investigate the general exposure of a Chinese reproductive age cohort to these ubiquitous pollutants and to assess their potential effect on semen quality. Six phthalate metabolites, monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), and mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) were measured in spot urines of 150 individuals recruited from a Chongqing, China, reproductive institute. The questionnaire and clinical data were evaluated, and the correlations of phthalate exposure and semen qualities like semen volume, sperm concentration, motility and sperm motion parameters, were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis. The creatinine adjusted average concentrations for MMP, MEP, MBP, MBzP, MEHP and MEOHP were 41.3, 300, 41.0, 0.78, 2.99 and 3.90 μg/g, respectively. After adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), abstinence, smoking, drinking, and education, there was a borderline-significant dose-response relationship between MBP and sperm concentration, with odd ratios (ORs) 1.0, 6.8 and 12.0 for increasing exposure tertiles (p=0.05). Although the dose-response relationships for MMP and MEP versus sperm concentration were not significant, a significant positive correlation between MEP and straight-line velocity of sperm motion was observed. The present data may imply some effects of phthalate exposure on semen. However, due to the small sample size, our finding needs to be confirmed on a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangpo Liu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
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Genotype-phenotype correlations in THAP1 dystonia: molecular foundations and description of new cases. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012; 18:414-25. [PMID: 22377579 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An extensive variety of THAP1 sequence variants have been associated with focal, segmental and generalized dystonia with age of onset ranging from 3 to over 60 years. In previous work, we screened 1114 subjects with mainly adult-onset primary dystonia (Neurology 2010; 74:229-238) and identified 6 missense mutations in THAP1. For this report, we screened 750 additional subjects for mutations in coding regions of THAP1 and interrogated all published descriptions of THAP1 phenotypes (gender, age of onset, anatomical distribution of dystonia, family history and site of onset) to explore the possibility of THAP1 genotype-phenotype correlations and facilitate a deeper understanding of THAP1 pathobiology. We identified 5 additional missense mutations in THAP1 (p.A7D, p.K16E, p.S21C, p.R29Q, and p.I80V). Three of these variants are associated with appendicular tremors, which were an isolated or presenting sign in some of the affected subjects. Abductor laryngeal dystonia and mild blepharospasm can be manifestations of THAP1 mutations in some individuals. Overall, mean age of onset for THAP1 dystonia is 16.8 years and the most common sites of onset are the arm and neck, and the most frequently affected anatomical site is the neck. In addition, over half of patients exhibit either cranial or laryngeal involvement. Protein truncating mutations and missense mutations within the THAP domain of THAP1 tend to manifest at an earlier age and exhibit more extensive anatomical distributions than mutations localized to other regions of THAP1.
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Sato Y, Gosho M, Toshimori K. Usefulness of statistics for establishing evidence-based reproductive medicine. Reprod Med Biol 2011; 11:49-58. [PMID: 29699105 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-011-0106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, evidence-based medicine has been described as a paradigm shift in clinical practice, and as "the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients". Appropriate statistical methods for analyzing data are critical for the correct interpretation of the results in proof of the evidence. However, in the medical literature, these statistical methods are often incorrectly interpreted or misinterpreted, leading to serious methodological errors and misinterpretations. This review highlights several important aspects related to the design and statistical analysis for evidence-based reproductive medicine. First, we clarify the distinction between ratios, proportions, and rates, and then provide a definition of pregnancy rate. Second, we focus on a special type of bias called 'confounding bias', which occurs when a factor is associated with both the exposure and the disease but is not part of the causal pathway. Finally, we present concerns regarding misuse of statistical software or application of inappropriate statistical methods, especially in medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Sato
- Clinical Research Center Chiba University Hospital 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku 260-8677 Chiba Japan.,Department of Biostatistics Harvard School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | - Masahiko Gosho
- Department of Management Science, Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Science Tokyo Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Toshimori
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
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Miller A, Riehle-Colarusso T, Siffel C, Frías JL, Correa A. Maternal age and prevalence of isolated congenital heart defects in an urban area of the United States. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:2137-45. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[The influence of diabetes mellitus on male reproductive function: a poorly investigated aspect of male infertility]. Urologe A 2011; 50:33-7. [PMID: 21207007 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-010-2440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Whilst diabetes mellitus is known to have many systemic complications, male infertility, beyond impotence, retrograde ejaculation and hypogonadism, has not been widely recognised to be one of them. Due to the paucity of studies and inconsistencies regarding the condition's impact on semen quality, few fertility specialists consider the condition noteworthy. As a consequence little information exists as to its prevalence amongst infertile men. Recently the prevailing view has been challenged by findings showing that diabetes induces subtle molecular changes that are important for sperm quality and function. Diabetic men have been found to have a significantly higher percentage of sperm with nuclear DNA damage, a factor known to be associated with compromised fertility and increased miscarriage rates. The mechanism by which this diabetes-related sperm nDNA damage occurs remains unknown. The identification of high levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) throughout the male reproductive tract coupled to changes in testicular metabolite levels and spermatogenic gene expression suggest that glycation may play an integral role in oxidative stress which in turn causes sperm nDNA damage. As glycation is a normal consequence of life and has been implicated in DNA fragmentation in a variety of seemingly unconnected conditions, it may constitute a common mechanism for the damage seen in sperm DNA.
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Amarin Z, Khader Y, Okour A, Jaddou H, Al-Qutob R. National maternal mortality ratio for Jordan, 2007-2008. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2011; 111:152-6. [PMID: 20810108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the number of maternal deaths per 100000 live births during 2007-2008 among Jordanian women; to identify the causes of maternal mortality; and to compare the results with those of the last report for 1995-1996. METHODS Reproductive-age mortality study of maternal deaths among women aged 15-49 years in Jordan in 2007-2008. RESULTS Among 1406 identified deaths of reproductive-aged women, 76 maternal deaths were identified out of 397588 live births, for a maternal mortality ratio of 19.1 deaths per 100000 live births. Forty-three (56.6%) deaths were attributable to hemorrhage, thrombosis and thromboembolism, and sepsis. Avoidable factors were present in 53.9% of women, 52.6% had substandard care, and 31.5% had 3 or fewer antenatal visits. Of those with available information on family planning, only 29.4% had ever used any form of contraception. CONCLUSIONS Maternal deaths in Jordan are declining. The maternal mortality ratio of 19.1 deaths per 100000 live births reported for 2007-2008 showed a remarkable reduction of 53.9% achieved in the 12 years since the 1995-1996 report (a 4.5% annual reduction), which is approaching the 75% reduction recommended by Millennium Development Goal 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouhair Amarin
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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48
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Mulholland J, Mallidis C, Agbaje I, McClure N. Male diabetes mellitus and assisted reproduction treatment outcome. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 22:215-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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49
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Abigail WF, Power C, Belan I. Termination of pregnancy and the over 30s: what are trends in contraception use 1996-2006? Aust J Prim Health 2010; 16:141-6. [PMID: 21128575 DOI: 10.1071/py09020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a shift in fertility patterns with more women commencing childbearing over 30 years of age. Little is known about trends in contraception use by women in this age group seeking a termination of pregnancy. This research presents a trend analysis to determine if there were significant changes in trends in contraception use pre- and post-termination of pregnancy for women over 30 years of age from 1996 to 2006 in South Australia. Data were collected from 1996 to 2006 from a service in South Australia. Data were examined using simple linear regression. At the time of conception, 53% of women reported using some form of contraception. Additionally, there was a significant decline in women using natural family planning methods at conception. Post-operatively, there was a significant decline in hormone methods being chosen, and a significant increase in women not using any contraception. Women over 30 years of age used contraception at the time of conception pre- and post-operatively of having a pregnancy terminated over the 10 year period of the study. Health promotion activities need to be further developed to cater for this age group and to take into consideration changing fertility patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy F Abigail
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University Adelaide Australia, PO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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50
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Thompson AB, Moon-Howard J, Messeri PA. Smoking cessation advantage among adult initiators: does it apply to black women? Nicotine Tob Res 2010; 13:15-21. [PMID: 21078832 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntq200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smokers who initiate as adults are more likely to quit than those who initiate as adolescents. Black women are more likely than White women to initiate smoking in adulthood and are less likely to quit. There is a paucity of research examining whether the smoking cessation advantage among adult initiators applies to Black women. The study objective is to examine race differences in the effect of developmental stage of smoking initiation on number of years until cessation among Black and White women. METHODS Data were extracted from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women, a national cohort of women between the ages of 49 and 61 years in 2003. The analytic sample comprised 1,008 White women and 271 Black women with a history of smoking. Survival analysis procedures were utilized to address the study objective. RESULTS Racial disparities in smoking cessation were most evident among women who initiated smoking as adults. White young adult initiators had a 31% increased hazard of smoking cessation advantage (adjusted hazards ratio [HR]: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.65) over adolescent initiators, whereas Black young adult initiators had no smoking cessation advantage (adjusted HR: 0.85, CI: 95% 0.55-1.30) over adolescent initiators. CONCLUSIONS Prior observations that smoking initiation in adulthood is associated with high rates of cessation do not apply to black women. To contribute to the reduction of disparities in women's cessation efforts to prevent initiation should target young adult women, particularly Black young adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azure B Thompson
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
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