1
|
Xiang L, Kozlitina IA, Mohammadian M, Choopani R, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A. The association between mode of childbirth delivery and early childhood caries: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310405. [PMID: 39325830 PMCID: PMC11426529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries (ECC), also known as dental caries, poses a significant challenge to the oral health and overall well-being of young children. This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between the mode of delivery and the odds of ECC. METHODS We conducted a meticulous systematic review and meta-analysis, gathering studies from reputable databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Embase. The selected studies underwent rigorous evaluation for heterogeneity, utilizing statistical tests such as the Chi-square test, I2, meta-regression analysis, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis. We assessed the presence of publication bias using Begg's and Egger's tests, while the quality of the articles was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist. RESULTS Our analysis included a robust dataset of 24 studies conducted between 1997 and 2024, involving a total of 71,732 participants. The meta-analysis revealed an odds ratio of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.86-1.30; P-value = 0.610) for dental caries in children born via cesarean section. Importantly, we found no evidence of publication bias, as indicated by non-significant results from Begg's test (P-value = 0.568) and Egger's test (P-value = 0.807). Meta-regression analysis did not identify any significant associations between the study variables and the observed heterogeneity (P > 0.10). Sensitivity analysis further confirmed the stability of the study results, with no significant changes detected. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our comprehensive meta-analysis provides compelling evidence that there is no significant association between the mode of delivery and the odds of ECC. These findings enhance our understanding of this important topic and have implications for clinical practice and public health interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, E.V. Borovsky Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Iuliia A. Kozlitina
- Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, E.V. Borovsky Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mahdi Mohammadian
- MSc in Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Choopani
- Department of Pediatrics, Assistant Professor of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani
- Assistant Professor of Epidemiology, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gultangvattana P, Chutabhakdikul N, Leelataweewud P, Smutkeeree A, Jirarattanasopha V. Association of temperament with oral health behaviour and caries status in Thai preschool children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024; 34:135-144. [PMID: 37440363 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temperament associated with oral health behaviour and early childhood caries (ECC) in preschoolers remains inconclusive. AIM This cross-sectional study investigated the association of temperament with oral health behaviour and ECC status. DESIGN A total of 421 Thai preschoolers were recruited from elementary schools in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Their caregivers assessed three temperament dimensions (surgency, negative affectivity and effortful control) using the Thai version of the Children's Behaviour Questionnaire Very Short Form and reported oral health behaviours (brushing cooperation and cariogenic snack frequency). Three calibrated dentists assessed ECC status using the modified WHO dmft/dmfs (decayed, missing and filled teeth/surface) index that included noncavitated and cavitated carious lesions. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for child's and caregiver's characteristics, revealed that children with high negative affectivity or low effortful control were more likely to have uncooperative brushing behaviour. The temperament scores of children who consumed cariogenic snacks daily and those who did not were comparable. Children with low surgency, high negative affectivity or low effortful control were more likely to have high dmfs scores. CONCLUSION Negative affectivity and effortful control were associated with brushing behaviour. Temperament was not associated with the frequency of cariogenic snack consumption. All temperamental dimensions, however, were associated with ECC.
Collapse
|
3
|
Li RY, Yang DM, Ding N, Bao QY. Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Early Childhood Caries. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:2369-2378. [PMID: 37965118 PMCID: PMC10642381 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s426712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the main factors associated with early childhood caries by analyzing the risk factors of early childhood caries, thus providing a reference for developing prevention programs to reduce the risk of early childhood caries. Methods We selected a total of 221 children aged 3-4 years from two kindergartens in Tongzhou District, Beijing for this study. We conducted oral examination and the caries activity test (Cariostat) on children and their parents / primary caregivers, and the parents / primary caregivers additionally answered a questionnaire survey. Based on the results, we comprehensively evaluated the caries status of children and statistically analyzed the caries-related factors to identify the relevant risk factors. Results The mean age of children in the study children was 40.08 ± 2.65 months, with a caries prevalence rate of 54.97% and a mean caries value of 4.61. Early childhood caries was correlated with the intake frequency of sugary foods, intake of sugary foods before bedtime, frequency of tooth brushing, oral health knowledge of parents, caries susceptibility, and age of starting to brush teeth. Logistic regression analysis results showed that the intake frequency of sugary foods, oral health knowledge of parents, and caries susceptibility were the factors influencing early childhood caries, especially the intake frequency of sugary foods. Conclusion The intake frequency of sugary foods, intake of sugary foods before bedtime, frequency of brushing teeth, oral health knowledge of parents, caries susceptibility, and age of starting to brush teeth were associated with early childhood caries. Among these, the intake frequency of sugary foods, oral health knowledge of parents, and caries susceptibility, especially the intake frequency of sugary foods, were the influencing factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Yin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Yan Bao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ludovichetti FS, Zuccon A, Cantatore D, Zambon G, Girotto L, Lucchi P, Stellini E, Mazzoleni S. Early Childhood Caries and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Single-Session Therapy Under General Anesthesia. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:834-839. [PMID: 36307112 PMCID: PMC10569832 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the treatment of ECC, performed in a single-session dental treatment under general anesthesia, can affect the quality of life of pediatric patients. It was assessed whether risks and discomforts involved in SSGA are outweighed by its effectiveness and reliability in improving oral health-related quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS The quality of life that was assessed in this prospective study was oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL). Pediatric patients aged between 3 and 6 years with ECC undergoing dental treatment in SSGA were asked to fill in the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) form both before and 1 month after the intervention. The data obtained were then statistically elaborated and analyzed to evaluate the actual significance of the differences found between the values before and after treatment and between the two sexes. RESULTS Mean ECOHIS score before treatment was 30.58, following a large decrease after treatment, with a mean score of 2.94. Most parameters show a significant improvement between pre- and post-SSGA treatments, mainly those related to oral-dental pain, daytime irritability, and impact on family environment. Average ECOHIS scores for males and females are 31.72 and 29.76 before treatment and 3.55 and 2.52 1 month after treatment, respectively, showing no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION The dental treatment of young children under SSGA is associated with considerable improvement in their OHRQL. It can be considered an effective and reliable way of managing cases that cannot be dealt with by alternative methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Zuccon
- Dentistry Section, Department of Neurosciences, , Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Donatella Cantatore
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Orale e Odontostomatologia, Ospedale S. Lorenzo, Trento, Italy
| | - Giulia Zambon
- Dentistry Section, Department of Neurosciences, , Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Girotto
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Orale e Odontostomatologia, Ospedale S. Lorenzo, Trento, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lucchi
- Dentistry Section, Department of Neurosciences, , Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- Dentistry Section, Department of Neurosciences, , Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sergio Mazzoleni
- Dentistry Section, Department of Neurosciences, , Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bittencourt JM, Martins LP, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA, Bendo CB. Psychosocial associated factors of early childhood caries and oral health-related quality of life: structural equation model approach. J Dent 2023; 133:104506. [PMID: 37028544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify a structural model for the identification of psychosocial associated factors of early childhood caries (ECC) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschool children and their families. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 533 preschool children from 4 to 6 years-old public and private preschools, from XXX, XXX. Parents/caregivers self-completed the Brazilian versions of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) and Resilience Scale as well as a structured questionnaire addressing socioeconomic status and child's oral health behavior. Two dentists who had undergone training and calibration exercises for ICDAS-epi and pufa index (Kappa≥0.95) performed the examinations for ECC. Stages of ECC were classified as free of visible carious lesion, initial caries, moderate caries, extensive caries without pulp consequences and extensive caries with pulp consequences. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, using Mplus version 8.6. RESULTS Lower socioeconomic status (b=-0.250; p<0.001) and higher frequency of free sugar consumption (b=0.122; p=0.033) were directly associated with a more severe stage of ECC. Lower parental resilience had an indirect impact on more severe stage of ECC which was mediated by the variable 'frequency of free sugar consumption' (b=-0.089; p=0.048). ECC was associated with lower child's OHRQoL (b=0.587; p<0.001) and lower family's OHRQoL (b=0.506; p<0.001). CONCLUSION Structural modeling revealed that the severity of ECC negatively impacted the OHRQoL of preschoolers and their families. The main associated factors of the severity of ECC were lower socioeconomic status, higher frequency of free sugar consumption and lower parental resilience. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE T The findings indicate that psychosocial and behavior variables can be associated with the severity of ECC, and ECC can be associated with negative impact on wellbeing and ability to perform daily activities of preschoolers and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Madeira Bittencourt
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Pereira Martins
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Isabela Almeida Pordeus
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Baccin Bendo
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mariño R, Hofer-Durán P, Nuñez-Contreras J, Aravena-Rivas Y, Zaror C. Absence of Association between Child Temperament and Early Childhood Caries: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3251. [PMID: 36833944 PMCID: PMC9965726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a worldwide public health problem. The biological and behavioural determinants that are directly involved in ECC have been well documented; however, evidence on the effects of some psychosocial factors remains conflicting. This study aimed to assess the association between child temperament and ECC in Chilean preschoolers. Prior approval of the protocol was obtained from the ethics committee of Universidad de La Frontera (Folio N° 020_17), and all of those involved in the study provided signed informed consent forms. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 172 children aged 3 to 5 years attending preschools in Temuco, Chile. Each child's temperament was assessed based on parents' responses to the Early Childhood Behaviour Questionnaire. The outcomes assessed were caries prevalence and caries experience (dmft scores). The covariates included were socioeconomic position, cariogenic diet, prolonged breastfeeding, presence of dental plaque and hypoplasia. Logistic regression models were used to predict caries prevalence and negative binomial regression for caries experience. The prevalence of ECC was 29.1%, and the most frequent child temperament was 'effortful control'. Regression model analyses, adjusting for covariates, showed no evidence of an association between any domain of children's temperament (surgency, negative affect and effortful control) with the prevalence of caries or caries experience. This cross-sectional study found no association between childhood temperament and ECC in preschool children for this population. However, due to the specificity of this population, the association cannot be entirely ruled out. Further studies are needed to help understand the association between temperament and oral health, including the influences of family environment factors and culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Mariño
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Paulina Hofer-Durán
- Dental School, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781176, Chile
- Programa de Magister en Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Javiera Nuñez-Contreras
- Programa de Magister en Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781176, Chile
| | - Yanela Aravena-Rivas
- Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Carlos Zaror
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781176, Chile
- Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salivary microbiome diversity in Chinese children with various caries states. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:773-785. [PMID: 36538092 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04825-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore oral microbiome diversity among children with various caries status based on dmft scores. METHODS A total of 320 children aged 3-5 years were recruited, with 66 healthy children and 254 children affected by dental caries. According to dmft scores, these children with dental caries were classified as "mild group" (dmft score 1-3), "moderate group" (dmft score 4-6), and "severe group" (dmft score 7-14). Healthy children with dmft score of 0 served as control group. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was employed to analyze all salivary samples collected from these children. RESULTS The salivary microbial diversity among four groups was similar (p > 0.05). A total of five bacterial genera were highly abundant in the control group including Bergeyella, Acidimicrobiales, Acidimicrobiia, Halomonas, and Blautia (p < 0.05). For mild group, there were nine bacterial genera identified to be predominant: Porphyromonadaceae, Porphyromonas, Enterobacteriales, Enterobacteriaceae, Weissella, Leuconostocaceae, Alphaproteobacteria, Stenotrophomonas, and Rhizobiales (p < 0.05). Only one genus, Aggregatibacter was predominant in moderate group (p < 0.05). There were six bacterial genera (Alistipes, Lachnoclostridium, Escherichia-Shigella, Romboutsia, Sphingomonadales, and Denitratisoma) enriched in severe group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Oral microbial profile was different in children with various caries status based on dmft scores. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results might be beneficial to deeply understand microbiological diversity of early childhood caries (ECC) at various stages and inform effective strategies for ECC prevention.
Collapse
|
8
|
Park AH, Kulchar RJ, Susarla SM, Turton B, Sokal-Gutierrez K. Fewer Children in Families Associated with Lower Odds of Early Childhood Caries: A Sample from Three Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2195. [PMID: 36767562 PMCID: PMC9916343 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Childhood caries experience is influenced by family characteristics and oral health practices in the context of many social-commercial determinants. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between families' number of children, oral health practices and child caries experience in a convenience sample of 1374 children aged 6 months through 6 years and their families from Ecuador, Nepal, and Vietnam. Data were collected by mother interviews and child dental exams. Multivariate logistic and Zero-Inflated-Poisson regression analyses assessed associations between number of children, oral health practices and decayed, missing or filled teeth (dmft). Families had a mean of 2.2 children (range 1-12); 72% of children had tooth decay, with mean dmft of 5.4. Adjusting for child age, sex, and urban/rural location, a greater number of children in the family was associated with significantly less likelihood of unhealthy bottle feeding practices, having a toothbrush/toothpaste and parent helping child brush, and being cavity-free; higher number of dmft, and greater likelihood of having a dental visit. Early childhood oral health promotion should include focus on oral hygiene and healthy feeding-particularly breastfeeding and healthy bottle feeding practices-as well as access to family planning services and support for childcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy H. Park
- Rausser College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA
| | - Rachel J. Kulchar
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | | | - Bathsheba Turton
- Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Z, Wang D, Zhao J, Wang D, Zhang B. Assessment of oral health status and related factors in adolescents aged 12-15 years in the Gansu Province of China: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:42. [PMID: 36698127 PMCID: PMC9875395 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The national oral epidemiological survey conducted every decade has become an indispensable means of detecting changes in oral disease patterns. This study was undertaken to investigate the oral health status and related factors in 12-15-year-old students in Gansu, China. METHODS According to the methodology adopted by the Fourth National Oral Health Survey, a multi-stage, stratified, random sampling method was used to select 3871 adolescents aged 12-15 years from four regions of Gansu Province for oral examination and questionnaire survey. Caries experience was measured using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index; and periodontal health examination included gingival bleeding, calculus, periodontal pockets and attachment loss. The questionnaire included questions regarding sociodemographic characteristics, and oral health knowledge and behaviors. SPSS20.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the survey data. RESULTS The mean DMFT index was 0.83 ± 1.42. The prevalence of caries experience was 38.6%, filling rate was 1.6%, and pit and fissure sealing rate was 0.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that female sex, rural district, older age, non-only child, frequency of dental visits, and toothache experience were the risk factors for caries experience, with OR ranging between 1.280 and 3.831 (p < 0.05). Prevalence of healthy periodontium was 29.8%. Female sex, rural district, and younger age were found to be the protective factors for healthy periodontium, with OR ranging between 1.178 and 1.414 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents in Gansu Province had high prevalence of caries experience along with low filling rate, and low prevalence of healthy periodontium. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously strengthen oral health education, disease prevention and control programs in the province. This would help improve the oral health-related quality of life of these individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Zhang
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Di Wang
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Jian Zhao
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Dandan Wang
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Baoping Zhang
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482Hospital of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,Gansu Province Key Lab of Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Intelligent Manufacturing, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen R, Schneuer FJ, Irving MJ, Chow CK, Kumar H, Tsai C, Sohn W, Spallek H, Bell J, Nassar N. Socio-demographic and familial factors associated with hospital admissions and repeat admission for dental caries in early childhood: A population-based study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2022; 50:539-547. [PMID: 34837420 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental caries remains a complex childhood condition often requiring preventable hospital admissions. There are limited population-based epidemiological studies that use large and linked data sets to quantify the clinical, socio-demographic and familial risk factors related to hospital admissions for dental caries. The aim of this study was to describe and quantify the rates, socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and familial factors including repeat admissions associated with young children admitted to hospital for dental caries. METHODS This cohort study (n = 33,438) used longitudinally linked hospital admission data among all children aged <six years in NSW, Australia. Socio-demographic and admission characteristics of children and those with one versus two or more admissions for dental caries were compared. Familial risk factors were analysed for a restricted cohort of families with two or more children (n = 18,174) using multivariable logistic regression to assess the familial factors associated with multiple hospital admissions for dental caries adjusting for other socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS There were 33,438 children aged <six years who had 34,446 hospital admissions for dental caries between 2001 and 2014. The annual rate of 4.3 per 1000 children remained unchanged over the period. Most admissions required general anaesthesia (96%), and 8.4% of children had repeat admissions. Children living in disadvantaged or in regional and rural areas attending public hospitals were more likely to have dental extractions during the admission. Children from the same family had a 2.7-fold increased odds of admission if the first child admitted was less than three years of age (adjusted odd ratio 2.69; 95% CI: 2.36-3.07), a 1.5 fold increase for socioeconomic disadvantage (aOR 1.45; 1.19 - 1.77) and a 1.9 fold increase of admission if the family had 4 or more children (aOR1.88; 1.47 - 2.42). CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight socio-demographic inequities associated with hospital admission for dental caries. The provision of targeted dental care programs for 'at-risk' families should address these inequalities and presents an opportunity to reduce dental caries related hospitalizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Chen
- The University of Sydney, Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francisco J Schneuer
- The University of Sydney, The Charles Perkins Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle J Irving
- The University of Sydney, The Menzies Centre for Health Policy, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Evidence and Implementation, VIC, Australia
| | - Clara K Chow
- The University of Sydney, Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harleen Kumar
- Sydney Dental Hospital and Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carrie Tsai
- Sydney Dental Hospital and Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, New South Wales, Australia.,The University of Sydney, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Woosung Sohn
- The University of Sydney, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Heiko Spallek
- The University of Sydney, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane Bell
- The University of Sydney, The Charles Perkins Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha Nassar
- The University of Sydney, The Charles Perkins Centre, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saikia A, Aarthi J, Muthu MS, Patil SS, Anthonappa RP, Walia T, Shahwan M, Mossey P, Dominguez M. Sustainable development goals and ending ECC as a public health crisis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:931243. [PMID: 36330110 PMCID: PMC9624450 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.931243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) remains a global issue despite numerous advancements in research and interventional approaches. Nearly, 530 million children suffer from untreated dental caries of primary teeth. The consequences of such untreated dental caries not only limit the child's chewing and eating abilities but also, significantly impact the child's overall growth. Research has demonstrated that ECC is associated with nearly 123 risk factors. ECC has also been associated with local pain, infections, abscesses, and sleep pattern. Furthermore, it can affect the child's emotional status and decrease their ability to learn or perform their usual activities. In high-income countries, dental care continues to endorse a "current treatment-based approach" that involves high-technology, interventionist, and specialized approaches. While such approaches provide immediate benefit at an individual level, it fails to intercept the underlying causes of the disease at large. In low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), the "current treatment approach" often remains limited, unaffordable, and unsuitable for the majority of the population. Rather, dentistry needs to focus on "sustainable goals" and integrate dental care with the mainstream healthcare system and primary care services. Dental care systems should promote "early first dental visits," when the child is 1 year of age or when the first tooth arrives. The serious shortages of appropriately trained oral healthcare personnel in certain regions of the world, lack of appropriate technologies and isolation of oral health services from the health system, and limited adoption of prevention and oral health promotion can pose as critical barriers. The oral health care systems must focus on three major keystones to combat the burden of ECC-1. Essential oral health services are integrated into healthcare in every country ensuring the availability of appropriate healthcare accessible and available globally, 2. Integrating oral and general healthcare to effectively prevent and manage oral disease and improve oral health, 3. Collaborating with a wide range of health workers to deliver sustainable oral health care tailored to cater to the oral health care needs of local communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Saikia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research (CECCRe), Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jagadeesan Aarthi
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - MS Muthu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research (CECCRe), Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sneha S. Patil
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research (CECCRe), Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robert Prashanth Anthonappa
- Dental School, Oral Developmental and Behavioural Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tarun Walia
- Centre of Medical and Bio allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moayad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Peter Mossey
- Dundee Dental School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Dominguez
- Global Oral Health Programs, Smile Train Head Office, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dumitrescu R, Sava-Rosianu R, Jumanca D, Balean O, Damian LR, Fratila AD, Maricutoiu L, Hajdu AI, Focht R, Dumitrache MA, Daguci C, Postolache M, Vernic C, Galuscan A. The Impact of Parental Education on Schoolchildren's Oral Health-A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Romania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191711102. [PMID: 36078817 PMCID: PMC9518154 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study is part of the first national oral health survey for children in Romania. The aim of this study was to determine caries prevalence in correlation with the level of the parents' education, preventive behavior, and socioeconomic parameters in 11-14-year-old schoolchildren in Romania. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was designed and conducted in 2019-2020. The sampled children were selected from 49 schools distributed in rural and urban areas of Romania, including its capital. Data were collected using the Oral Health Questionnaire for Children developed by the World Health Organization and described in the WHO Oral Health Surveys-Basic Methods, 5th edition, 2013, after positive informed consent. To express prevalence and severity of carious lesions, International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria were recorded in school for 814 schoolchildren (388 boys and 426 girls) aged between 11 and 14 years old (mean age 12.29 ± 0.6). Elements regarding the specificity of the child (gender, age, and parental education) were tabulated against preventive behavior. The parents' education was correlated with three clinical indices in order to assess the existence or lack of certain significant differences among schoolchildren in Romania. In terms of correlation between the mother's education and preventive behavior, results showed a significant positive correlation in case of dental check-ups (rs = 0.08 *, p < 0.05), brushing (rs = 0.02 **, p < 0.01), and use of different types of dental hygiene aids (rs = 0.06 **, p < 0.01) and a negative correlation with tooth pain or discomfort (rs = -0.01 **, p < 0.01). A statistically significant positive relationship was highlighted between the mother's education and the presence of restorations (rs = -0.09 **, p < 0.01). Regarding the father's education, there was a positive relationship with oral hygiene behavior (rs = 0.18 **, p < 0.01) but a negative relationship with the D3T index (rs = -0.18 **, p < 0.01). In conclusion, there was a strong correlation between the parents' education, preventive behavior, and oral health status of Romanian schoolchildren.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Dumitrescu
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Sava-Rosianu
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Jumanca
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavia Balean
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lia-Raluca Damian
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Aurora Doris Fratila
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Laurentiu Maricutoiu
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Ioan Hajdu
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxanne Focht
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Adina Dumitrache
- Oral Health and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Daguci
- Department of Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mariana Postolache
- Department of Program Implementation and Coordination, Romanian Ministry of Health, 010024 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina Vernic
- Discipline of Computer Science and Medical Biostatistics, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300040 Timisoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mathew MG, Jeevanandan G, Maganur PC, Medabesh AA, Juraybi AKM, Abuzawah LHA, Vishwanathaiah S. Evaluation of Factors Influencing the Oral Health-related Quality of Life among Children with Early Childhood Caries: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:936-943. [PMID: 37283002 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the factors that affect the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children with early childhood caries (ECC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 340 children aged between 3 and 6 who were diagnosed with ECC were enrolled in the study. Parents accompanying the children completed a questionnaire on the sociodemographic status and filled out the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) for the evaluation of OHRQoL. Data were recorded, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. RESULTS The study population consisted of 189 (55.6%) boys and 151 girls (44.4%). A total of 96.4% had cavitated lesions; 31.2% of the children had pain at the time of evaluation. A significant association was seen between the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) score of the child (p < 0.001). Pain at the time of evaluation and DMFT status had a significant association with the ECOHIS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Early childhood caries was found to impact the OHRQoL. Pain, visible dental plaque, family income, and parental education were found to be determinants that affect the OHRQoL. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Early childhood caries significantly reduces the OHRQoL of children and their families. Pain, visible dental plaque, family income, and parental education were found to influence the OHRQoL. Teaching parents the importance of oral health and preventive treatment will help prevent the occurrence of ECC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mebin George Mathew
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesh Jeevanandan
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Phone: +91 9884293869, e-mail:
| | - Prabhadevi C Maganur
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ali Medabesh
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahlam Khalid Mohammed Juraybi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamees Hussain Ahmed Abuzawah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satish Vishwanathaiah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Pedodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966542635434, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sawhney S, Vu T, Chen F, Wong K, Zafar S, Lopez Silva CP. Association between disability status and dental attendance patterns in Australian children: A national survey. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2022; 51:443-451. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seerat Sawhney
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Theresa Vu
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Fiona Chen
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Kingsley Wong
- Child Disability, Telethon Kids Institute University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Sobia Zafar
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Individual, Family, and Socioeconomic Contributors to Dental Caries in Children from Low- and Middle-Income Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127114. [PMID: 35742362 PMCID: PMC9222700 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Collective evidence on risk factors for dental caries remains elusive in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on risk factors for dental caries in deciduous or permanent teeth in LMICs. Methods: Studies were identified electronically through databases, including Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed/MEDLINE, and CINAHL, using “prevalence, dental caries, child, family, socioeconomic, and LMIC” as the keywords. A total of 11 studies fit the inclusion criteria. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The MedCalc software and Review Manager 5.4.1 were used. Results: From 11,115 participants, 38.7% (95% CI: 28.4−49.5%) had caries and 49.68% were female. Among those with caries, 69.74% consumed sugary drinks/sweets (95% CI: 47.84−87.73%) and 56.87% (95% CI: 35.39−77.08%) had good brushing habits. Sugary drinks had a two times higher likelihood of leading to caries (OR: 2.04, p < 0.001). Good oral hygiene reduced the risk of caries by 35% (OR: 0.65, p < 0.001). Concerning maternal education, only secondary education reduced the likelihood of caries (OR: 0.96), but primary education incurred 25% higher risks (OR: 1.25, p = 0.03). A 65% reduction was computed when caregivers helped children with tooth brushing (OR: 0.35, p = 0.04). Most families had a low socioeconomic status (SES) (35.9%, 95% CI: 16.73−57.79), which increased the odds of caries by 52% (OR: 1.52, p < 0.001); a high SES had a 3% higher chance of caries. In the entire sample, 44.44% (95% CI: 27.73−61.82%) of individuals had access to dental services or had visited a dental service provider. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that high sugar consumption, low maternal education, and low and high socioeconomic status (SES) increased the risk of dental caries in LMICs. Good brushing habits, higher maternal education, help with tooth brushing, and middle SES provided protection against caries across LMIC children. Limiting sugars, improving oral health education, incorporating national fluoride exposure programs, and accounting for sociodemographic limitations are essential for reducing the prevalence of dental caries in these settings.
Collapse
|
16
|
Caries Experience and Increment in Children Attending Kindergartens with an Early Childhood Caries Preventive Program Compared to Basic Prophylaxis Measures-A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102864. [PMID: 35628990 PMCID: PMC9146011 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries constitutes a public health challenge. As preventive strategies are desirable, this retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the caries experience and increment in children attending kindergartens with an early childhood caries (ECC) preventive program (intervention group, IG) compared to basic prophylaxis measures (control group, CG) located in areas of different socioeconomic status (SES) within Marburg (Germany). The long-term caries experience (2009−2019) of these 3−5-year-old kindergarten children was evaluated. For the caries increment, dental records of 2019 were screened for the availability of a minimum of two dental examinations at least 8 months apart. Caries was scored according to the WHO criteria (dmf−t). The data were split by observation period (300−550 and >550 days). Overall, 135 children (Ø 3.7 years) attended IG, and 132 children (Ø 3.6 years) attended CG. After 300−550 days, no significant differences were found between both groups regarding mean caries increment and experience (p > 0.05). After >550 days, IG with low SES exhibited a high caries experience. Fluoride varnish applications could not reduce the caries increment compared to CG in the short-term but slightly decreased the long-term caries experience. Comprehensive ECC prevention measures actively involving parents are needed to overcome the caries burden.
Collapse
|
17
|
Tu Y, Zhou Z, Shu C, Zhou Y, Zhou X. The Crosstalk Between Saliva Bacteria and Fungi in Early Childhood Caries. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:845738. [PMID: 35237536 PMCID: PMC8884336 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.845738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most prevalent oral disease in children, which greatly affects the quality of life and health condition of the patients. Although co-infection of oral streptococci and fungi has been well recognized in the development of ECC, the correlation between other core members of oral mycobiome and ECC progression remains unclear. In the current study, saliva samples obtained from severe ECC (SECC), ECC, and caries-free children were collected, and both V3–V4 16S rRNA and ITS1 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were performed to investigate the salivary bacterial and fungal profiles. Significant alteration of salivary fungal community in SECC/ECC children was observed compared with the caries-free control. The typing analysis determined the fungal community into five fungal types, which influenced the structure of salivary bacteria. By performing Spearman correlation analysis, carious phenotypes were positively related to Fusobacterium but negatively linked to Neocosmospora, and a significant correlation of cross-kingdom taxonomic pairs was identified. Our work demonstrated the interactions between oral bacteria and fungi at the community level, which may advance our knowledge on the etiological role of bacteria/fungi in the development of ECC and promote better management of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Zhou, ; Xuedong Zhou,
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Zhou, ; Xuedong Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cimino S, Tambelli R, Di Vito P, D'Angeli G, Cerniglia L. The quality of father-child feeding interactions mediates the effect of maternal depression on children's psychopathological symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:968171. [PMID: 36072463 PMCID: PMC9444047 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.968171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that Postnatal maternal depression (PND) is associated with children's emotional and behavioral problems during infancy, but the possible effect of father-child relationship quality on this association is yet to be thoroughly investigated. We recruited 401 families (802 parents; 401 children) via mental health clinics in Central Italy. We divided families into two groups: Group 1 included families with mothers with PND; Group 2 included families with mothers without PND (control group). The assessment took place at T1 (18 months of age of children) and T2 (36 months of age of children): postnatal maternal depression was measured through the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS); parent-child relationship quality was assessed through the Scale for the Assessment of Feeding Interactions (SVIA); and the child emotional-behavioral functioning was evaluated with the Child-Behavior-Checklist (CBCL). Compared to the control group, the children of the groups where mothers had PND, showed overall higher scores (i.e., more maladaptive) on the CBCL. A direct effect of postnatal maternal depression on children's emotional-behavioral functioning was found, both at T1 and at T2. A mediation effect of father-child relationship quality between postnatal maternal depression and child outcomes was also found. These results could inform prevention and intervention programs in families with mothers with PND.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Di Vito
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gessica D'Angeli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Deghatipour M, Ghorbani Z, Mokhlesi AH, Ghanbari S, Namdari M. Community-based interventions to reduce dental caries among 24-month old children: a pilot study of a field trial. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:637. [PMID: 34893041 PMCID: PMC8665609 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common dental disease among children worldwide, leading to many difficulties on child’s growth. As WHO mentioned, educational interventions in addition to interprofessional collaboration are needed to achieve proper ECC prevention. In present study we’ve aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of some oral health promotion interventions to reduce dental caries among 24-month old children. Methods A field trial study was conducted amongst 439 mothers from pregnancy up to 24 months after delivery in Public Health Centers in Varamin, Tehran, Iran. Participants were allocated to intervention (n = 239) and control groups (n = 200). Demographic, socioeconomic status and dental care behavior data were collected using a questionnaire. The content of our study intervention consisted of nutritional and behavioral oral health-related messages. Mothers received messages via either of four methods (A: comprehensive method including all other methods together (n = 74), B: group discussion by dentists (n = 59), C: face to face education by primary health care providers (n = 53), and D: social network (n = 53). The control group received routine maternal and oral health care. To assess the effectiveness of interventions on promoting children’s oral health, the oral health-related behaviors data, the number of decayed teeth (d), and being caries free at the age of two were considered. Results Among the 436 examined children, with a mean age of 23.7 months, 48.2% were male. The frequency of using finger toothbrush increased from 53.4% to 89.8% in all intervention groups. The mean (SD) of decayed teeth at 24 months in intervention and control group were 0.36 (0.93) and 1.61 (2.61), respectively. All the four intervention groups, except social network, had more chance of being caries free compared to control group (P value < 0.05). Analysis showed that children in comprehensive intervention group had a higher chance of being caries free compared to all other groups, after adjustment for covariates. Conclusions Performing oral health interventions could help the prevention of dental caries in newborn children. Also, using a combination of different methods of sending messages can have the best results in promoting oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzie Deghatipour
- Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghorbani
- Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Mokhlesi
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Ghanbari
- Deputy for Health Affairs, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Namdari
- Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Simon A, Cage J, Akinkugbe AA. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Oral Health Outcomes in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12313. [PMID: 34886034 PMCID: PMC8657285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the cross-sectional associations between exposure to nine Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and U.S. children's and adolescent's oral health outcomes. Data from 41,294 participants of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) were analyzed. Past year exposure to ACE, oral health outcomes (decayed teeth, bleeding gums, and condition of the teeth), and child and caregiver sociodemographic factors were self-reported. Using SAS v. 9.4, propensity score weighted, multilevel survey-logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) of the proposed associations. The overall mean (SE) age was 8.9 (0.1) years with 51% being male. Fifty-four percent (54%) identified as non-Hispanic white, and 12% as non-Hispanic black. The prevalence of the nine ACE measures ranged from 3% for caregiver death to 25% for financial hardship and parental divorce. Children who experienced caregiver mental illness, when compared to those who did not, were more likely to report decayed teeth (AOR: 1.73 (95% CI: 1.24, 2.42)) and the condition of their teeth as fair/poor (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.61, 4.19). Children in households with financial hardship were about twice as likely to report dental caries (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.50, 2.29) and have fair/poor teeth (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.51) and bleeding gums (AOR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.48, 3.86). ACEs appear to be associated with worse oral health outcomes among children and adolescents. Nevertheless, the cross-sectional nature of this study precludes a causal interpretation of these findings and necessitates more research to elucidate the oral health impacts of exposure to ACEs in longitudinal follow-up studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Simon
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Jamie Cage
- School of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Aderonke A. Akinkugbe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- Department of Dental Public Health and Policy, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Olatosi OO, Oyapero A, Boyede GO. A community survey on maternal perception about the initiation of dental home for infants in Lagos, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 40:78. [PMID: 34804345 PMCID: PMC8590252 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.78.24441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION because efforts directed toward oral health promotion and disease prevention are fundamentally superior to dental rehabilitation after disease development, early preventive dental visits are widely encouraged by dental professional and academic stakeholders. Aim: this study aimed to determine the perceptions and practices of mothers with regards to the establishment of dental home at four local government areas (LGAs) in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS was a community-based descriptive household survey conducted amongst mothers in Alimosho, Ikorodu, Surulere and Epe LGAs of Lagos State. Socio-demographic data, information about the importance of primary teeth, knowledge about dental home as well as their child´s age at first dental visit and reasons for attending was obtained with a validated, structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square and multivariable regression analysis were conducted, and the level of significance was set at P<0.05. RESULTS the highest proportion of the mothers were aged between 26-30 years (27.4%; mean age: 34.58±7.8 years) and had a tertiary level of education (n=206, 59.9%); most respondents (n=80, 51.4%) did not know the age a child should be taken to the dental clinic for the first time and had not taken their child for any dental visit (n=229, 65.4%). Out of those who had previously taken their child for dental visits, the greater proportion (n=115, 95.0%) took the child when he/she was older than one year of age. Overall, only 126 (36.0%) respondents had a good perception about oral health and the need for a dental home while 224 (64.0%) respondents had poor knowledge. Logistic regression analysis of predictor variables that showed mothers with a tertiary level of education (OR=0.108; CI=0.0023-0.495) and those with 2-3 children (OR=0.482; CI=0.253-0.920) had significant lower odds of poor perception about the importance of a dental home. CONCLUSION maternal knowledge and practices with regards to dental home were poor and inadequate. It is necessary to create more awareness among parents/caregivers, especially through antenatal and immunization clinics to establish the concept of dental home.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola Olamide Olatosi
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Afolabi Oyapero
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Gbemisola Ojombo Boyede
- Central North West London National Health Service (NHS), Trust Foundation, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Suprabha BS, D'Souza V, Shenoy R, Karuna YM, Nayak AP, Rao A. Early childhood caries and parents' challenges in implementing oral hygiene practices: a qualitative study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:106-114. [PMID: 32767625 PMCID: PMC8652747 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries (ECC) is highly prevalent with significant long-term consequences. Parents are primarily responsible for the oral health practices of their children. Parents' health beliefs, attitudes, and cultural factors influence oral health practices. AIM To explore and understand the perceptions and challenges faced by the parents of the children with ECC in performing routine oral hygiene practices for their children. DESIGN We conducted a qualitative description study with the parents of children with ECC. Data were collected through five focus groups using culturally appropriate, semi-structured, open-ended questions and probes. Focus groups were audiotaped, and field notes were taken, which were transcribed verbatim after each focus group session. Data were analyzed using content analyses. RESULTS A vast majority of the participants were aware of the significance of oral hygiene. However, they faced challenges in implementing proper home hygiene practices at home and lacked knowledge about the type of toothpaste and toothbrush to be used for their children. CONCLUSION The parents of the children with ECC face a severe knowledge gap, which is interfering with the selection of proper oral hygiene aids for their children. They also face barriers in implementing oral hygiene routines for their children, in spite of awareness that tooth brushing is important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Violet D'Souza
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ramya Shenoy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Yarmunja Mahabala Karuna
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anupama Panakaje Nayak
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Arathi Rao
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Almutairi S, Scambler S, Bernabé E. Family functioning and dental caries among preschool children. J Public Health Dent 2021; 82:406-414. [PMID: 34545569 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship of family functioning with dental caries among 3-4-year-olds and the role of family functioning in explaining the relationship of family socioeconomic status (SES) with childhood dental caries. METHODS Data from 761 parent-child dyads who took part in the East London Oral Health Inequalities study were analyzed. Family functioning was assessed using the 60-item family assessment device that yielded scores on general functioning and six domains (roles, communication, problem-solving, affective involvement, affective responsiveness, and behavior control). Children were clinically examined at home for dental caries. The association of family functioning and family SES (education and socioeconomic classification) with dental caries (dmft and dt scores) was tested using negative binominal regression while adjusting for child and parental demographic factors. RESULTS Children from families with unhealthy general functioning had 1.49 (95% CI: 1.01-2.20) and 1.84 (95% CI: 1.20-2.82) times greater dmft and dt, respectively, than those from families with healthy functioning after adjustment for confounders. The estimates for the associations of parental education and socioeconomic classification with dmft and dt were attenuated by around 12%-18% after adjusting for family functioning. Of the six family functioning domains assessed, only unhealthy behavior control in the family was associated with greater numbers of decayed teeth after adjustments. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that unhealthy family functioning was associated with dental caries among young children. Family functioning partly explained the relationship between family SES and childhood dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Almutairi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sasha Scambler
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eduardo Bernabé
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Choe R, Sim YF, Hong CHL, Mohideen S, Nadarajan R, Yap F, Shek LPC, Hsu CYS, Broekman BFP, Ferreira JN. Internalizing problems are associated with oral health-related quality of life in early childhood: Outcomes from an Asian multi-ethnic prospective birth cohort. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256163. [PMID: 34383864 PMCID: PMC8360536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health status ideally warrants for a holistic biopsychosocial approach to health and wellness. Little is known about the impact of behavioral problems on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children due to the paucity of studies in early childhood, particularly in Asian multi-ethnic populations. This study evaluated the relationship between early child's socioemotional factors and OHRQoL, as well as its association with orofacial pain (OFP) and early childhood caries (ECC) in the Asian GUSTO birth cohort. Mother-child dyads were postnatally assessed at 3 time points. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess the child's socioemotional and behavioral problems at age 4-4.5 years together with other validated questionnaires to evaluate maternal anxiety and depression. ECC detection was performed at age 5, and OHRQoL (primary) and OFP (secondary) outcomes were assessed at age 6 from a total of 555 mother-child dyads. After a univariate regression analysis was performed to identify potential predictors and confounders, a multivariate regression model was run with predisposing factors (CBCL internalization and externalization problems, OFP, ECC) and adjusted for confounders (maternal psychosocial states, maternal education) to determine associations with OHRQoL. Results showed an association between CBCL internalization scores and poorer OHRQoL (RR = 1.03, p = 0.033, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05), although the limited risk ratio may not have a practical applicability in psychosocially healthy children, alike the majority of those evaluated in this cohort. The average OHRQoL overall score among children with OFP was 2.39 times more than those without OFP (OR = 2.39, p < 0.001, 95% CI 2.00 to 2.86). Thus, in early childhood, OFP, and to lesser extent internalizing behaviors, may negatively impact OHRQoL. This study therefore highlights the complex relationship between OHRQoL and its predisposing socioemotional and somatic pain factors, and demands further investigations in clinically relevant populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Choe
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Fan Sim
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Sameema Mohideen
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ranjani Nadarajan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette P.-C. Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Birit F. P. Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
- OLVG and Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joao N. Ferreira
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Faculty of Dentistry, Exocrine Gland Biology and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Research Affairs, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Arora A, Chew L, Kang K, Tang L, Estai M, Thepsourinthone J, Chandio N, Parmar J, Doyizode AM, Jain K. V, Bhole S. Diet, Nutrition, and Oral Health: What Influences Mother's Decisions on What to Feed Their Young Children? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8159. [PMID: 34360452 PMCID: PMC8345989 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to learn about mothers' experiences with food choices for their pre-school children in underprivileged communities in Greater Western Sydney (GWS). A total of 20 mother-child dyads living in GWS were recruited to a qualitative study from an ongoing birth cohort study. Participants' houses were visited for semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. The interviews yielded five main themes: (i) food choices, nutrition, and health; (ii) accessibility and availability of foods (iii) buying time for parents; (iv) child's age and their preference on food choices; (v) conditioning certain behaviours by family and cultural factors. Nutrition literacy, child's preferences, unhealthy food intake by family members, child's demand, advertising and availability of harmful foods, and time constraints were all mentioned as hurdles to mothers making appropriate meal choices for their children. However, some identified facilitators were promoting parents' knowledge, increasing access to health educational materials, upskilling mothers to providing healthier alternatives, regulating the marketing of unhealth foods. Although, the present study identified critical factors that influence mothers' food choices for their young children, making healthy food choices is a complex practice as it is shaped by individual, social and environmental influences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia;
| | - Louise Chew
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Kaye Kang
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Lily Tang
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Mohamed Estai
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia;
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jack Thepsourinthone
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Navira Chandio
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Jinal Parmar
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Ashish M. Doyizode
- Campbelltown Campus, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (J.T.); (N.C.); (J.P.); (A.M.D.)
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Vipin Jain K.
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KLE’s Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore 560022, India;
| | - Sameer Bhole
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia;
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia; (L.C.); (K.K.); (L.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kimmie-Dhansay F, Barrie R, Roberts T, Naidoo S. Risk Indicators for Early Childhood Caries in South Africa: Protocol for a Systematic Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e26701. [PMID: 34170258 PMCID: PMC8386354 DOI: 10.2196/26701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early childhood caries (ECC) is a common disorder characterized by the presence of one or more decayed (non-cavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces of primary teeth in children 71 months old or younger. South Africa has a diverse population in terms of culture, education, income, and occupation. This diversity is due to the consequences of historical racial discrimination, poverty, unemployment, lack of accessibility to health services, and quality of education. These factors make South Africa unique, and the disease and risk profiles for this country differ from those of other countries at similar stages of development. For these reasons, it is important to identify the unique maternal and infant risk factors for ECC in the South African context. Objective The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence and prevalence of ECC in South Africa in children under the age of 6 years. Methods All cross-sectional and cohort studies documenting risk factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of dental disease and severity (decayed, missing, and filled scores) will be included. We will search 7 databases for eligible studies, and those included will be based on prespecified inclusion criteria. Only studies conducted with South African children who are aged 6 years and younger in which dental caries risk factors are documented will be included. There is no restriction on the time or language of publication. Included articles will be scrutinized for quality by using a risk of bias tool developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The results will be presented narratively, and if possible, a meta-analysis will be performed. Results The literature search was conducted in November 2020. Conclusions The results of this study will provide a framework to inform medical and dental personnel to highlight mothers and infants at risk of developing ECC. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020216455; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=216455 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26701
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faheema Kimmie-Dhansay
- Research and Higher Degrees, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Robert Barrie
- Research and Higher Degrees, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tina Roberts
- Research and Higher Degrees, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sudeshni Naidoo
- Research and Higher Degrees, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tashiro A, Yonezu T, Kumazawa K, Sakurai A, Shintani S. Caries and Its Association with Infant Feeding and Oral Health-related Behavior in 18-month and 3-year-old Japanese Children. THE BULLETIN OF TOKYO DENTAL COLLEGE 2021; 62:71-87. [PMID: 33994420 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2020-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries and its association with infant feeding and oral health-related behavior in Japanese children between the ages of 18 months and 3 years. A total of 387 infants were initially examined at the age of 18 months (or 19 months in some cases) and then again at 3 years (or at 3 years 1 month in some cases). The primary objective was to identify factors contributing to the prevalence of caries in children aged 18 months. The secondary objective was to follow up children with no caries at the age of 18 months to seek potential correlations between background factors and the increment of caries by the age of 3 years. In an adjusted multivariate logistic regression model, children who continued breastfeeding were approximately 7 times more likely to have dental caries at 18 months of age than those who did not. Infants brought in for an oral examination and consultation at around 12 months of age were less likely to develop dental caries at 18 months of age than those who were not. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that infants who did not receive a dental check-up at 12 months of age showed a significantly higher incidence of dental caries at 3 years of age. The present results suggest that prolonged breastfeeding is a risk factor for early childhood caries at 18 months of age, and that infants in whom a regular oral care program is implemented from the age of 12 months are less likely to develop early childhood caries at 18 months or 3 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Tashiro
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Takuro Yonezu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College
| | - Kaido Kumazawa
- National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities
| | - Atsuo Sakurai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bittencourt JM, Martins LP, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA, Martins-Júnior PA, Bendo CB. Early childhood caries and oral health-related quality of life of Brazilian children: Does parents' resilience act as moderator? Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:383-393. [PMID: 32941667 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common chronic disease in childhood. Measures to reduce the prevalence of ECC cannot be taken without recognizing that oral health is influenced by biopsychosocial factors on individual and community levels. AIM To evaluate the impact of ECC on OHRQoL and moderation effect of parents' resilience. DESIGN Population-based, cross-sectional study with 497 children (4-6 years old) at preschools in Ribeirão das Neves, MG, Brazil. Parents self-completed the Brazilian version of the early childhood oral health impact scale (B-ECOHIS), the Resilience Scale and questionnaires about socioeconomic and oral health behaviour factors. Calibrated dentists conducted examinations for ECC (ICDASepi) and pulp consequences (pufa). Data analysis used multivariate Poisson regression for complex sample (P < .05). RESULTS Model#1, adjusted for parents' resilience and socioeconomic factors, revealed that preschoolers with pulp involvement had 2.36 (95% CI: 1.60-3.49) and fistula/abscess had 3.57 (95% CI: 2.23-5.72) more prevalence of negative impact on OHRQoL than preschoolers with ECC without pulp consequences. In Model#2, resilience was removed from the analysis and the strength of associations almost did not change (OHRQoL vs pulp involvement RP = 2.33;95% CI: 1.58-3.43; OHRQoL vs fistula/abscess RP = 3.65;95% CI: 2.22-5.99). CONCLUSION Early childhood caries with pulp consequences had negative impact on OHRQoL of preschoolers and families, and it is not moderated by parents' resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Madeira Bittencourt
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Letícia Pereira Martins
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabela Almeida Pordeus
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Antônio Martins-Júnior
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Baccin Bendo
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Michaelson V, Pilato KA, Davison CM. Family as a health promotion setting: A scoping review of conceptual models of the health-promoting family. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249707. [PMID: 33844692 PMCID: PMC8041208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The family is a key setting for health promotion. Contemporary health promoting family models can establish scaffolds for shaping health behaviors and can be useful tools for education and health promotion. Objectives The objective of this scoping review is to provide details as to how conceptual and theoretical models of the health promoting potential of the family are being used in health promotion contexts. Design Guided by PRISMA ScR guidelines, we used a three-step search strategy to find relevant papers. This included key-word searching electronic databases (Medline, PSycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL), searching the reference lists of included studies, and intentionally searching for grey literature (in textbooks, dissertations, thesis manuscripts and reports.) Results After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the overall search generated 113 included manuscripts/chapters with 118 unique models. Through our analysis of these models, three main themes were apparent: 1) ecological factors are central components to most models or conceptual frameworks; 2) models were attentive to cultural and other diversities, allowing room for a wide range of differences across family types, and for different and ever-expanding social norms and roles; and 3) the role of the child as a passive recipient of their health journey rather than as an active agent in promoting their own family health was highlighted as an important gap in many of the identified models. Conclusions This review contributes a synthesis of contemporary literature in this area and supports the priority of ecological frameworks and diversity of family contexts. It encourages researchers, practitioners and family stakeholders to recognize the value of the child as an active agent in shaping the health promoting potential of their family context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Michaelson
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Kelly A. Pilato
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Colleen M. Davison
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Anderson M, Duran Sahin D, Tsilingaridis G. Dental trauma in toddlers 1-3 years of age living in multicultural areas of Stockholm, Sweden: A retrospective cohort study. Dent Traumatol 2021; 37:639-646. [PMID: 33838081 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Traumatic dental injuries are common and affect many children. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of dental trauma as well as the costs and resource use in a cohort of children aged 1-3 years in low socioeconomic areas (low income and educational level) of Stockholm. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were extracted from a larger intervention trial and analyzed for the prevalence and other characteristics of dental trauma as well as patient characteristics of children (n = 1346) from six dental clinics in low-income, multicultural areas. Variables describing the trauma, socioeconomic status, direct and indirect costs, and time spent at the emergency visit for the dental trauma were retrieved from the dental records. The study also recorded which healthcare profession handled the first and follow-up visits. RESULTS The prevalence of dental trauma in the study cohort was 8.2%, and higher among boys (n = 71) than girls (n = 39). Boys exhibited a significantly higher risk for dental trauma (OR, 1.76; 95% CI = 1.17-2.65). Maxillary incisors were the teeth most often traumatized, and lateral luxation was the most common diagnosis. The mean time spent per child during the first year following the dental trauma was 36 min, and the mean costs per child were EUR 878. The total average per-child cost (direct and indirect costs) for dental trauma was EUR 2107. Dental visits due to traumatic injuries were significantly less common among children with an immigrant background and in families with an income ≤EUR 2000 per month. CONCLUSIONS Toddlers in families who have a low socioeconomic status, a foreign background, and live in multicultural areas of Stockholm visit dental clinics for traumatic dental injuries less often than non-immigrant children living in families with a high socioeconomic status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Anderson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Eastman Institute, Public Dental Service, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center of Pediatric Oral Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Demet Duran Sahin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Eastman Institute, Public Dental Service, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center of Pediatric Oral Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios Tsilingaridis
- Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center of Pediatric Oral Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Olczak-Kowalczyk D, Gozdowski D, Turska-Szybka A. Protective Factors for Early Childhood Caries in 3-Year-Old Children in Poland. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:583660. [PMID: 33791255 PMCID: PMC8005648 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.583660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) remains highly prevalent in preschool children worldwide. Dental caries affects every second 3-year-olds in Poland. The aim of the study was to assess protective factors for ECC in 3-year-olds. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017 among 3-year-olds attending kindergartens in all 16 provinces of Poland. The questionnaire included socioeconomic factors, and oral health behaviors. Decayed, missing due to caries and filled teeth and surfaces were assessed. Caries indices (dmft and dmfs), percentage of caries-free and severe ECC (S-ECC) were calculated. The Student's t-test, Spearman correlation, univariate and multivariate logistic regression (the odds ratios (OR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR): confounding factors: socioeconomic conditions, oral health behaviors) were performed; p < 0.05. Results: A total of 1,638 children were included. ECC was confirmed in 41.1%; S-ECC in 23.4%. The dmft index was 1.85 ± 3.14, dmfs = 2.99 ± 6.56. Spearman correlation [socioeconomic factors, especially mother's education (r = -0.148, p < 0.001) and family's economic status (r = -0.071, p = 0.004)], despite were statistically significant, indicate very weak relationships with dmft index. After 12th month of life not giving any beverages before bedtime and at night, but water or unsweetened milk only, healthy snacking (sandwiches, fresh fruit), or water on a daily basis decreases the probability of caries development (for S-ECC: OR = 0.37, AOR = 0.47, AOR2 = 0.37; p < 0.01), even if inappropriate dietary behaviors or hygiene practices were simultaneously present. Brushing of a child's teeth twice a day lowered the odds of caries (for S-ECC: OR = 0.78, p = 0.031; AOR = 0.81, p = 0.081; AOR2 = 0.84, p = 0.131), but this effect was less intense when inappropriate dietary behaviors were accounted for. Children of parents with good self-assessment of their teeth were more often caries-free (61.4 vs. 42.9%; p = 0.006) and had lower dmft indices (1.67 vs. 2.93; p = 0.002). Conclusions: Preventing a child after 12th month of life from getting any beverages before bedtime, water or unsweetened milk only, sandwiches and fresh fruit as snacks, or water given to on a daily basis, tooth brushing twice a day decrease the odds of caries in 3-year-olds. Diet appears to have primary significance in the etiology of ECC, since tooth brushing can only partly attenuate the impact of inappropriate dietary behaviors on dental caries. Children are more often caries-free and have lower severity of caries if their parents' dentition is self-assessed as healthy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dariusz Gozdowski
- Department of Experimental Statistics and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Turska-Szybka
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Alshammari FS, Alshammari RA, Alshammari MH, Alshammari MF, Alibrahim AK, Al sineedi FA, Alkurdi KA, Alshammari AF. Parental Awareness and Knowledge toward their Children's Oral Health in the City of Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021; 14:100-103. [PMID: 34326593 PMCID: PMC8311763 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two main factors have a great influence on the youth's oral well-being. These are their dental health and age. These two factors are significantly directed by parents through establishing a system of proper oral hygiene and a preventative routine for those young adults. AIM AND OBJECTIVE The following study was run in the Dammam region, Saudi Arabia, to assess guardian awareness of youngster's dental health. MATERIALS AND METHODS This community-based study was designed in a cross-sectional pattern, where a sample size of 248 parents who fulfilled inclusion criteria was selected and a well-designed validated questionnaire was used for the collected database using SPSS (VER. 24). RESULTS The main found included that, about 51% of participants were fathers and 49% were mothers, 90% of them above the age of 26 years old and most of the participants had a secondary certificate or university degree, 38% and 45%, respectively, only 64% of parents have checked their children teeth, the average of overall knowledge of parents toward dental health was medium 7.97 points out of 16.0 points and there was a statistically significant relationship between parents type, educational level, and overall knowledge related to oral health. CONCLUSION From our study, it was acknowledged that the perception of children's oral health status by their parents in the Dammam region is relatively medium, so general awareness of parents' knowledge should be raised by conducting effective oral health programs and interventions. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Alshammari FS, Alshammari RA, Alshammari MH, et al. Parental Awareness and Knowledge toward their Children's Oral Health in the City of Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(1):100-103.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Abdullah Faraj Alshammari
- Department of Basic Dental and Medical Science, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Al-Sane M, Koerber A, Montero M, Baskaradoss JK, Al-Sarraf E, Arab M. Sociodemographic and behavioural determinants of early childhood caries knowledge among expectant mothers in Kuwait. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:449-458. [PMID: 33247396 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00579-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a highly prevalent disease in Kuwait. It poses health, economic, and social implications affecting patients, their families and communities. ECC awareness campaigns targeting expectant mothers hold a promising potential as primary prevention tools. Understanding the baseline of ECC knowledge (ECC-K) is an important foundational step in planning such interventions. The aim of this study was to assess the level of ECC-K in a sample of expectant mothers, and to identify the sociodemographic and behavioural determinants of that knowledge. METHODS A multiple-choice questionnaire was distributed to 430 expectant women from one maternity hospital in Kuwait. The questionnaire gathered information on the demographics, ECC-K, and the oral health behaviours of the participants. Bivariate analysis assessed the relationship between ECC-K scores and the different socio-demographic variables and oral health practices of the participants. A multiple linear regression model was developed to identify the predictors of ECC-K scores RESULTS: The response rate was 94% (n = 405). The mean ECC-K score was 6.4 [standard deviation (SD) = 2.5] out of a maximum score of 14. Age, education, number of children, frequency of dental visits, and flossing frequency were significantly associated with ECC-K levels (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ECC-K among this cohort of expectant mothers was inadequate. Educational interventions are needed to foster better ECC preventive practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Al-Sane
- Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, PO Box 24923, 13110, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - A Koerber
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, 801 Paulina Street, Room 563D (MC 838), Chicago, IL, 60612-7213, USA
| | - M Montero
- Pediatric Dentist in Private Practice, Chicago, USA
| | - J K Baskaradoss
- Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, PO Box 24923, 13110, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - E Al-Sarraf
- Residents at the Advanced Education in Prosthodontics Program, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - M Arab
- Resident at the Department of Orthodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mynenivenkatasatya SR, Wang H, Cooley W, Garcia-Smith E, Shewale J, Ratcliff J. Effectiveness of a Novel Dentifrice Containing Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide, Sarkosyl, and Sodium Fluoride. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:dj8040122. [PMID: 33121042 PMCID: PMC7712167 DOI: 10.3390/dj8040122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the effectiveness of a novel dentifrice containing stabilized chlorine dioxide, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (sarkosyl), and sodium fluoride in enhancing enamel fluoride uptake, remineralization, pellicle cleaning and inhibiting biofilm regrowth. Remineralization was measured by fluoride uptake and surface microhardness assessment tests. Artificial stains were removed and scored based on pellicle cleaning ratio. Biofilm regrowth was measured by counting colonies on the agar plates. All studies were conducted using bovine teeth specimens. The efficacy of Toothpaste C (CloSYS anticavity toothpaste) was compared with United States Pharmacopoeia Reference Dentifrice, Toothpaste B (discontinued CloSYS anticavity toothpaste formulation) and leading commercial toothpastes. The enamel fluoride uptake and remineralization by Toothpaste C was 96.1% to 303.3% and 38.0% to 102.4% higher than the tested toothpastes, respectively. The mean pellicle cleaning ratio of Toothpaste C was similar to American Dental Association Reference Material. Toothpaste C had a significant reduction in regrowth of the oral polymicrobial biofilm compared to the control. All tested toothpastes contained 0.24% sodium fluoride. Toothpaste C exhibited significantly superior performance towards fluoride uptake and remineralization compared to the tested toothpastes. Therefore, toothpaste ingredients other than sodium fluoride accounted for the enhanced fluoride uptake and remineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Howard Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | | | | | - Jaiprakash Shewale
- Rowpar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA; (E.G.-S.); (J.S.); (J.R.)
| | - James Ratcliff
- Rowpar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ 85260, USA; (E.G.-S.); (J.S.); (J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Prevalence and sociobehavioural determinants of early childhood caries among 5-year-old Portuguese children: a longitudinal study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:399-408. [PMID: 33040320 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and associated factors among a 5-year-old cohort. METHODS An observational longitudinal study was conducted with a sample of 142 preschoolers. A calibrated dentist performed intraoral examinations following International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) criteria at baseline and after 6 months. A questionnaire on sociodemographic variables and oral health-related behaviours was answered by caregivers. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and computation of confidence intervals (95% confidence level). RESULTS Baseline prevalence of ECC and severe ECC (S-ECC) were 40.1% and 11.3%, respectively. After 6 months ECC and S-ECC prevalence rates were 46.5%, and 13.2%, respectively. At both evaluations most caries lesions were untreated. Parental education and occupation were significantly associated with ECC. Behaviour variables found to be significantly associated with the disease comprised: establishing toothbrushing habits before the first year, toothbrushing twice daily and with parental assistance, frequency of dental visits, age at first dental visits, daily ingestion of sweets and number of daily meals. CONCLUSION The prevalence of ECC was very high, with most of the lesions left untreated. ECC experience was associated with participants' socioeconomic background and several of the surveyed oral health-related behaviour variables.
Collapse
|
36
|
de Sousa ET, Lima-Holanda AT, Sales LS, Nobre-Dos-Santos M. Combined effect of starch and sucrose on carbonic anhydrase VI activity in saliva and biofilm of children with early childhood caries. Exposure to starch and sucrose alters carbonic anhydrase VI activity in saliva and biofilm. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:2555-2568. [PMID: 32918121 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate whether combined exposure to starch and sucrose modifies the activity of carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) in saliva (Study 1) and biofilm (Study 2) of children with early childhood caries (ECC). MATERIAL AND METHODS For Study 1 and Study 2, respectively, 54 and 46 preschoolers aged 4 to 5 were allocated into two groups: caries-free (CF) and with ECC. Children were exposed to rinses with sucrose, starch, and sucrose plus starch solutions. CA VI activity, pH, and buffering capacity (BC) were evaluated in saliva and biofilm. RESULTS In Study 1, a significant reduction in saliva pH was observed after sucrose and sucrose plus starch rinses. CA VI activity was influenced by ECC independently of the type of carbohydrate to which children were exposed. CA VI activity was higher in children with ECC; however, after rinses, CA VI activity was reduced. In Study 2, biofilm pH and BC were reduced after rinses with sucrose and sucrose plus starch. CA VI activity was significantly high before rinse in ECC group when compared with CF group; however, no difference was observed between groups after rinses. CONCLUSIONS In saliva, exposure to starch and sucrose (isolated or combined) induced a reduction in CA VI activity in children with ECC. In biofilm, the combination of starch and sucrose did not modify CA VI activity in ECC children. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The responsivity of the CA VI reflects directly in important parameters related to the pH maintenance on the oral cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Tavares de Sousa
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Aline Tavares Lima-Holanda
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Luciana Solera Sales
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Marquillier T, Lombrail P, Azogui-Lévy S. [Social inequalities in oral health and early childhood caries: How can they be effectively prevented? A scoping review of disease predictors]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2020; 68:201-214. [PMID: 32631663 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries represent a major public health problem. In addition to their individual impact, the massive social inequalities in oral health that are at the roots and result from the disease have largely underestimated consequences for the child, his family and the community. In response to the question of "how and where to act?", this scoping review identifies the individual characteristics associated with the disease on which it would be possible to act, using appropriate prevention strategies. METHODS This scoping review is aimed at describing and analyzing available data in the literature on the different factors associated with early childhood caries. RESULTS The predictors of early childhood caries are represented by mediating (knowledge, attitudes and parents' oral health practices) and moderating (psychosocial parameters, parental health literacy and alcohol consumption) factors. Twenty-eight articles fulfilled the selection criteria, twenty of which studied mediators related to early childhood caries, and fourteen of which dealt with moderators. The lower the parents' level of knowledge and literacy in oral health, the higher a child's dmft index. Additional studies are needed to assess the role of psychosocial parameters. CONCLUSION Parents' knowledge and oral health literacy are the key predictors to be preferentially targeted in view of reducing social inequalities in health through actions undertaken on a local scale. The prevention of early childhood caries necessitates a combination of generic and targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Marquillier
- Pediatric Dentisry, CHU de Lille, university of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Educational and Health Practices Laboratory, LEPS, UR 3412, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 74, rue Marcel-Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France.
| | - P Lombrail
- Educational and Health Practices Laboratory, LEPS, UR 3412, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 74, rue Marcel-Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - S Azogui-Lévy
- Educational and Health Practices Laboratory, LEPS, UR 3412, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 74, rue Marcel-Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France; Public health Department, Dentistry Faculty, university of Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gomes MAB, Cademartori MG, Goettems ML, Azevedo MS. Are maternal mental disorders associated with children's oral health? A systematic review. Int J Paediatr Dent 2020; 30:252-264. [PMID: 31849127 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Maternal mental problems may lead to a negative effect on children's oral health (COH). The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to answer the question: Are maternal mental disorders (MMD) associated with COH from zero to 12 years old? Electronic searches were performed in five databases with no language restriction. Cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies were included. A total of 1183 references were identified, and seven studies were included. In relation to MMD studies investigated: Common Mental Disorders (n = 2), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (n = 2), symptoms of depression (SD) (n = 3), Alcohol-related diagnosis (n = 1), and symptoms of anxiety (n = 2). As outcome, the studies investigated dental caries (n = 5), gingivitis and periodontal diseases (n = 1), sleep bruxism (SB) (n = 1), and malocclusion (n = 1). Positive association was found between MDD and OH (SB and dental caries). There was no MMD associated with malocclusion. Alcohol-related diagnosis showed a positive association with gingivitis and periodontal diseases and no association with dental caries; anxiety had a positive association with dental caries and no association with SB. The heterogeneity of the data precluded precise conclusions to be drawn, but MMD may have influence on COH.
Collapse
|
39
|
Ordway MR, Sadler LS, Jeon S, O'Connell M, Banasiak N, Fenick AM, Crowley AA, Canapari C, Redeker NS. Sleep health in young children living with socioeconomic adversity. Res Nurs Health 2020; 43:329-340. [PMID: 32306413 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Racially and ethnically diverse young children who live with socioeconomic adversity are at high risk for sleep deficiency, but few behavioral sleep interventions (BSIs) are tailored to their needs. To support the future development of a feasible, acceptable, and culturally relevant sleep intervention, we conducted a community-engaged, mixed-methods study with 40 low-income, racially, and ethnically diverse parents to describe sleep characteristics, sleep habits, and parental sleep knowledge of their 6-36-month-old children and to examine the associations between children's sleep characteristics and sleep habits. This report presents quantitative data from this mixed-methods study. We measured objective (actigraphy) and parent-reported sleep (Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire) characteristics, sleep habits at bedtime, sleep onset, and during night awakenings, parental sleep knowledge, psychological function (Brief Symptom Inventory), and parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index). Children had low sleep duration (537.2 ± 54.7 nighttime and 111.2 ± 29.8 nap minutes), late bedtimes (22:36 ± 1.5 hr), and high bedtime variability (mean squared successive difference = 3.68 ± 4.31 hr) based on actigraphy. Parental knowledge about sleep recommendations was limited. Sleep habits before bedtime, at sleep onset, and during night awakenings were varied. Sixty-five percent of parents reported co-sleeping. Feeding near bedtime or during the night was associated with later bedtimes, more fragmented sleep, and increased bedtime variability. These findings suggest the need for BSIs to support earlier bedtimes and improve sleep duration and continuity by addressing modifiable behaviors. Tailored BSIs that consider socioecological influences on the development of sleep habits are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lois S Sadler
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | - Ada M Fenick
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Craig Canapari
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gazzaz AZ, Carpiano RM, Aleksejuniene J. Parenting stress as a mediator in the oral health of children and adolescents: A stress process model. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 48:288-295. [PMID: 32237174 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We tested hypotheses regarding socioeconomic status (SES) disparities in oral health amongst children and adolescents and the extent to which such SES disparities may be mediated by parenting stress. METHODS We analysed data from the 2011/2012 US National Survey of Children's Health for ages 6-11 years (n = 21 596) and 12-17 years (n = 23 584). Our models estimated associations between SES indicators (family income and parental education) and parenting stress with two oral health outcomes: parent-reported child oral health and preventive dental visits. RESULTS For both age groups, SES was positively associated with both oral health outcomes. Parenting stress mediated the relationship between SES and child oral health, not preventive dental visits-such that lower SES was associated with worse oral health via higher parenting stress. Amongst children, the indirect effect of parenting stress was observed for parental education and family income, whilst amongst adolescents, no indirect effect of parenting stress was observed. CONCLUSION Parenting stress was an important determinant of children's oral health and partially explained the SES-related oral health disparities in children. Future research is needed to explore the causal pathways in this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Z Gazzaz
- Department of Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard M Carpiano
- Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.,Department of Sociology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.,Center for Healthy Communities, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jolanta Aleksejuniene
- Department of Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Birungi N, Fadnes LT, Engebretsen IMS, Lie SA, Tumwine JK, Åstrøm AN. Caries experience and oral health related quality of life in a cohort of Ugandan HIV-1 exposed uninfected children compared with a matched cohort of HIV unexposed uninfected children. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:423. [PMID: 32228542 PMCID: PMC7106612 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Very few studies consider the oral health status and quality of life in HIV-1 exposed uninfected (HEU) children. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of caries in primary teeth and its oral health related quality of life impacts in HEU children compared to HIV-unexposed-uninfected (HUU) children, whilst adjusting for confounding covariates. Methods This study uses data from the Ugandan site of the ANRS 121741 PROMISE- PEP trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00640263) conducted in 2009–2013 that recruited mothers with HIV-1 and their uninfected children. Of 244 HEU-children-caretaker pairs available at the end of the one-year trial, 166 were re-enrolled in the ANRS 12341 PROMISE-PEP M&S study at 5–7 years and 164 were included in this study. These were age and sex-matched with 181 HUU children-caretaker comparators. Caries experience was recorded using World Health Organization’s Decayed, Missed and Filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) indices. The Early Childhood Oral health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was used for assessment of oral health related quality of life. Mixed effects logistic regression was conducted with dmft and ECOHIS scores as outcomes and HIV-1 exposure status as the main exposure. Results Forty-eight percent of HEU children and 60% of HUU had dmft> 0. Corresponding figures for ECOHIS> 0 were 12% of HEU and 22% of HUU. The crude analysis showed differences related to HIV-1 exposure in caries experience and oral health related quality of life. Mixed effect logistic regression analyses were not significant when adjusted for use of dental care and toothache. If caregivers’ DMFT> 0, the adjusted odds ratio for caries experience (dmft> 0) was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.0–2.8) while if dmft> 0 the adjusted odds ratio for quality of life impacts (ECOHIS> 0) was 4.6 (95% CI: 2.0–10.6). Conclusion The prevalence of untreated caries in primary teeth and quality of life impacts was high in this study population. HIV-1 exposed uninfected children were not more likely than HUU children to experience dental caries or have impaired oral health related quality of life. Given the global expansion of the HEU child population, the present findings indicating no adverse effect of pre- and post-natal HIV-1 exposure on caries in deciduous teeth are reassuring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Birungi
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, P. O Box 7800 5020, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Lars T Fadnes
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, P. O Box 7800 5020, Bergen, Norway.,Bergen Addiction Research Group, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingunn M S Engebretsen
- Department of Global Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Atle Lie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, P. O Box 7800 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - James K Tumwine
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, P. O Box 7800 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Does the Association between Guardians' Sense of Coherence and their Children's Untreated Caries Differ According to Socioeconomic Status? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051619. [PMID: 32138204 PMCID: PMC7084832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Untreated caries is the most prevalent disease in the world. A sense of coherence (SOC) is believed to contribute to oral health. We aimed to clarify the association between guardians' SOC and their children's caries based on socioeconomic status (SES) in Japan. This study's subjects were Japanese public junior high schoolers (N = 1730), aged 12-15, and their guardians in Kosai City. We administered a questionnaire survey among guardians in 2016 to assess their SOC and family environment. With their students' consent, public junior high schools shared the results of the dental examinations that were part of their school physicals. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to clarify the association between guardians' SOC and their children's untreated decayed permanent teeth. We also conducted a stratified analysis according to a relative poverty line. We observed in the multivariate regression a significant inverse association between children's untreated decay and their guardians' SOC (OR 0.93, 95%CI 0.87-1.00). The association of SOC was stronger in the low economic group (OR 0.64, 95%CI 0.43-0.95). Guardians with higher SOC were associated with children having fewer caries. Guardians' SOC is a factor for the prevalence of caries and access to dental care, especially among children with low economic status.
Collapse
|
43
|
Auger N, Low N, Lee G, Ayoub A, Nicolau B. Prenatal Substance Use Disorders and Dental Caries in Children. J Dent Res 2020; 99:395-401. [PMID: 32091957 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520906820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use is common in women of reproductive age, but limited data exist on the dental health of their children, including risk of caries. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 790,758 infants born between 2006 and 2016 in Quebec, Canada. We identified women with substance use disorders before or during pregnancy. The main outcome measure was hospitalization for dental caries in offspring up to 12 y after birth. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of maternal substance use with pediatric dental caries, adjusted for potential confounders. Children exposed to maternal substance use had a higher incidence of hospitalization for dental caries than unexposed children (105.2 vs. 27.0 per 10,000 person-years). Maternal substance use was associated with 1.96 times the risk of childhood dental caries (95% CI, 1.80-2.14), including a greater risk of caries of enamel, dentin, or cementum (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.82-2.19) and dental pulp (HR, 2.36; 95% CI, 2.07-2.70), relative to no substance use. Associations were elevated for alcohol (HR, 2.31; 95% CI, 2.03-2.64) but were also present for cocaine, cannabis, opioids, and other substances. Substance use during pregnancy was more strongly associated with dental caries hospitalization than prepregnancy substance use. Associations were stronger in early childhood. Maternal substance use is associated with the future risk of dental caries hospitalization in children. Targeting substance use early in the lives of women may contribute to dental caries prevention in offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Auger
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Low
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - G Lee
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Ayoub
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B Nicolau
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Folayan MO, El Tantawi M, Vukovic A, Schroth R, Gaffar B, Al-Batayneh OB, Amalia R, Arheiam A, Obiyan M, Daryanavard H. Women's economic empowerment, participation in decision-making and exposure to violence as risk indicators for early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:54. [PMID: 32066424 PMCID: PMC7026999 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In view of the association between early childhood caries (ECC])and maternal social risk factors, this study tried to determine if there were associations between indicators of processes, outputs and outcomes of women’s empowerment, and the prevalence of ECC. Methods In this ecological study, indicators measuring the explanatory variables - economic empowerment, decision-making and violence against women - were selected from the Integrated Results and Resources Framework of the UN-Women Strategic Plan 2018–2021 and WHO database. Indicators measuring the outcome variables - the prevalence of ECC for children aged 0 to 2 years, and 3 to 5 years - were extracted from a published literature. The general linear models used to determine the association between the outcome and explanatory variables were adjusted for economic level of countries. Regression estimates (B), 95% confidence intervals and partial eta squared (η2) were calculated. Results Countries with more females living under 50% of median income had higher prevalence of ECC for 3 to 5-year olds (B = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.12, 3.52). Countries with higher percentage of women participating in their own health care decisions had higher prevalence of ECC for 0 to 2-year-olds (B = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.03, 1.67). Countries with higher percentage of women participating in decisions related to visiting family, relatives and friends had higher prevalence of ECC for 3 to 5-year-olds (B = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.03, 1.32). None of the indicators for violence against women was significantly associated with the prevalence of ECC. Conclusion Empowerment of women is a welcome social development that may have some negative impact on children’s oral health. Changes in policies and norms are needed to protect children’s oral health while empowering women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ana Vukovic
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Robert Schroth
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Rosa Amalia
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Mary Obiyan
- Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Aran Ö, Iplikçi AB, Salman Engin S, Sümer N. Caregiving profiles of mothers in an economically disadvantaged sample from Turkey: An observational study. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2020; 39:326-337. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2020.1722803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Özlü Aran
- Psychology Department, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Nebi Sümer
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Luz PB, Pereira JT, Knorst JK, Bonfadini I, Piva F, Scapinello M, Hugo FN, Araújo FBD. The Role of Mother’s Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices in Dental Caries on Vulnerably Preschool Children. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2020.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
47
|
Family Impacts of Severe Dental Caries among Children in the United Kingdom. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010109. [PMID: 31877854 PMCID: PMC6981411 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the family impacts of severe dental caries among children. Data from 3859 school-age children (5-, 8-, 12- and 15-year-olds) who participated in the 2013 Children's Dental Health Survey, a national cross-sectional survey in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, were used. Severe dental caries was defined as having at least one tooth with pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula, or abscess (PUFA). Family impacts were measured using seven items of the Family Impact Scale (FIS). The association between severe dental caries and family impacts was assessed in logistic regression models, adjusting for child's age, gender, and country of residence; parent's marital status, education, and job classification; and area deprivation. Severe dental caries among children showed a significant negative impact on family life (Odds Ratio: 6.00; 95% Confidence Interval: 3.34-10.78). Parents of children with severe dental caries had greater odds of taking time off work (OR: 2.75; 95% CI: 1.16-6.54), reporting the child needed more attention (OR: 4.08; 95% CI: 2.15-7.75), feeling guilty (OR: 6.32; 95% CI: 3.26-12.26), feeling stressed (OR: 7.34; 95% CI: 4.15-12.99), having normal activities disrupted (OR: 5.78; 95% CI: 2.71-12.34), and having sleep disrupted (OR: 4.94; 95% CI: 2.78-8.76). Having severe dental caries was not associated with financial difficulties in the family (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 0.49-5.51). The observed association between severe dental caries and family impacts was independent of child and family sociodemographic characteristics. The findings underscore the importance of preventive interventions to avoid severe dental caries in children and subsequently reduce negative impacts on their family life.
Collapse
|
48
|
Strauss FJ, Espinoza I, Stähli A, Baeza M, Cortés R, Morales A, Gamonal J. Dental caries is associated with severe periodontitis in Chilean adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:278. [PMID: 31823773 PMCID: PMC6905015 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0975-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The co-occurrence of caries and periodontitis and a possible association is still a matter of debate. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the co-occurrence of caries and periodontitis in Chilean adults. METHODS Evaluation of periodontal and dental status in 994 adults (35-44 years old) based on the First Chilean National Examination Survey 2007-2008. The prevalence of caries was defined as the percentage of participants with one or more teeth with untreated caries by using the D component of the DMFT index (DT ≠ 0). The prevalence of periodontitis was determined using standard case definitions for population-based surveillance of periodontitis described by the CDC-AAP. RESULTS Individuals with caries had an approximately 40% higher prevalence of severe (29.3% vs 20.8%, p < 0.05) and a 13% higher prevalence of total periodontitis (89.3% vs 78.4%, p < 0.05) than those without caries. Ordinal logistic regression revealed a positive association between periodontitis and the number of teeth with caries (DT ≠ 0; 3 or 4 teeth with caries: OR 1.74; CI = 1.12-2.29 p < 0.05; 5 or more teeth with caries: OR 2.47; CI = 1.66-3.67 p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Dental caries is associated with the severity and prevalence of periodontitis in Chilean adults. Individuals with 3 or more teeth with untreated caries are more likely to suffer from periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franz-Josef Strauss
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Comuna de Independencia, Santiago, Chile. .,Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Iris Espinoza
- Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance of Oral Diseases (CESOD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mauricio Baeza
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Comuna de Independencia, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance of Oral Diseases (CESOD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Cortés
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alicia Morales
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Comuna de Independencia, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance of Oral Diseases (CESOD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Gamonal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Comuna de Independencia, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance of Oral Diseases (CESOD), Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Knoblauch U, Ritschel G, Weidner K, Mogwitz S, Hannig C, Viergutz G, Lenk M. The association between socioeconomic status, psychopathological symptom burden in mothers, and early childhood caries of their children. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224509. [PMID: 31658278 PMCID: PMC6816547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Various maternal mental disorders and socioeconomic status [SES] are discussed as risk factors for early childhood caries [ECC]. In our study, we examined a wide range of symptoms of mental disorders with the aim to identify those maternal psychopathological symptom burdens [PSBs] which show relevant associations with ECC. Our second objective was to investigate how SES affects the associations between PSB and ECC. Methods In this study, sixty children with ECC (caries group [CG]) and sixty caries-free children [NON-CG] with their mothers were recruited at two sites in Germany. Children aged three or four years were included in the study. Children’s dental status [dmf-t] and plaque index were recorded, and mothers answered a multidimensional SES index (including education, profession and income) as well as screening questionnaires capturing dental anxiety, depressive disorders, generalized anxiety, somatic symptom burden, eating disorders, traumatic childhood experiences, nicotine dependency and alcohol dependency. Results Mothers of the CG reported significantly higher dental anxiety (dCohen = 0.66), childhood trauma (dCohen = 0.53) and nicotine dependency (dCohen = 0.64) than the NON-CG. However, mediator analyses showed that these effects were partly mediated by the SES. Mothers of the CG had a significantly lower SES (dCohen = 0.93); with education as strongest predictor of dental status. The groups did not differ significantly in symptoms of depressiveness, subjective somatic symptom burden, alcohol dependency, eating disorders, and generalized anxiety. Conclusions Several PSBs are associated with ECC, however the SES as the strongest influencing factor mediates this association. Difficult socioeconomic conditions might predispose for both, ECC and mental illness. Targeted strategies are needed to facilitate the use of preventive measures and dental health services especially in families of lower status. For this purpose, psychosocial risk constellations must be identified. More integrative, multifactorial oriented research is necessary to gain a bio-psycho-social understanding of ECC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Knoblauch
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerhard Ritschel
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Mogwitz
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- Policlinic of Dental Maintenance, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriele Viergutz
- Policlinic of Dental Maintenance, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Lenk
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
El Batawi HY, Fakhruddin KS. Impact of preventive care orientation on caries status among preschool children. Eur J Dent 2019; 11:475-479. [PMID: 29279673 PMCID: PMC5727732 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_170_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to study the impact of preventive care orientation given to caregivers of child daycare centers on their knowledge and on the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) among preschool children. Materials and Methods Caregivers of twenty child daycare centers in Emirate of Sharjah were interviewed and 435 children attending these centers were surveyed for decayed missing filled teeth (dmft). The sample data were analyzed using t-tests and one-way ANOVA to assess the statistical significance of the differences in dmft score found between groups. Results No significant correlation was found between dmft scores and family income of urban or rural centers, mothers' level of education, mothers' employment status in public centers, and frequency of dental visits. There was a significant correlation between dmft scores and mothers' employment status in private centers with the lowest scores among children of working mothers. High caries rates were observed in children attending private daycare centers where sweetened milk, juices, and snacks were served more frequently. There was a significant difference between private and public centers in caregivers' level of knowledge regarding oral health in favor of the latter. Low dmft scores were found to be associated with high level of knowledge of caregivers in public centers. Conclusions Children are more likely to develop ECC if their caregivers are lacking knowledge or regular provision of preventive care orientation. This makes caregivers and school teachers better candidates for oral health education programs than parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Yehia El Batawi
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|