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Knight A, Palermo C, Reedy G, Whelan K. Communication Skills: A Scoping Review of Experiences, Perceptions, and Use in Dietetics Practice. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:1162-1180.e1. [PMID: 38142740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communication skills are a cornerstone of practice for dietitians. The field of dietetics is evolving and there is a need to synthesize the available literature on communication skills to improve the effectiveness of patient consultations and inform practitioner development. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to identify the research literature relating to communication skills used in dietetics practice and perceptions and experiences of dietetics students, dietitians, and patients regarding communication skills. METHODS This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and best practice guidance. Five databases (Medline, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Education Resources Information Center, and PsycInfo), two theses databases, and conference proceedings for 8 dietetics and health professions education associations were systematically searched for research on dietitians' communication skills. This included skills used in dietitian-patient communication, in communication interactions in different employment contexts, and diverse forms of communication (verbal, written, technological) and the views of dietetics students, dietitians, and patients, regarding communication skills. The search had no geographical or time limits. Studies were independently screened by two authors. RESULTS The 70 included studies spanned 45 years and were organized into four thematic categories: importance of communication skills in dietetics practice, development of communication skills, communication skills for dietitian-patient communication, and communication skills for wider dietetics practice. Sixty-five (92.9%) of the studies specifically explored the communication skills used for dietitian-patient consultations, including rapport building, questioning, listening, paraphrasing, and clarifying, whereas skills such as intercultural communication were less researched. CONCLUSIONS There is consensus between patients and dietitians regarding the skills that contribute to effective dietitian-patient communication. Areas less explored in the literature include the skills needed for intercultural communication and those needed for science communication. Greater understanding of the communication skills needed for contemporary nutrition and dietetics practice will guide education strategies for the development of dietitians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Knight
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Claire Palermo
- Monash University Clayton Campus, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabriel Reedy
- Centre for Education, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Whelan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Campagnola M, Burlibasa A, Gutman LM. Barriers and enablers to the delivery of email communication for a helpline service for young people. PEC INNOVATION 2022; 1:100059. [PMID: 37213768 PMCID: PMC10194286 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective This qualitative study utilises the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) approach to identify barriers and enablers to the delivery of email communication in a mental health helpline service for young people, which are then linked to specific intervention strategies for improvement. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten volunteers working for a free online helpline service for young people. Transcripts of the interviews were coded according to deductive then inductive themes. Results Ten core themes were identified. These were barriers or enablers, depending on the volunteers' level of experience with the email service. Enablers included the volunteers' skills, the resources and support offered to them. Barriers related to the asynchronous nature of email communication, need for additional training and volunteers' lack of confidence and motivation in responding to emails. Innovation This study expands current research on online mental health support by showing how the BCW can be a useful tool to identify influences on email helpline provision and offer strategies for its optimisation. Conclusion Offering training targeted to the email service, increasing the level of practice with mock-up emails, and introducing newsletters featuring positive feedback on the email service may improve the delivery of email helpline services for young people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leslie Morrison Gutman
- Corresponding author at: 1-19 Torrington Place, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK.
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Nagy A, McMahon A, Tapsell L, Deane F. The therapeutic relationship between a client and dietitian: A systematic integrative review of empirical literature. Nutr Diet 2022; 79:303-348. [PMID: 35324041 PMCID: PMC9543415 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aim Scientific evidence underpins dietetics practice; however, evidence of how the therapeutic relationship influences outcomes is limited. This integrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic of the therapeutic relationship between clients and dietitians in the individual counselling context by summarising empirical literature into qualitative themes. Methods An electronic literature search of the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsychInfo, Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted in October 2018 and repeated in February 2021. Studies were included if they explicitly referred to the therapeutic relationship (or associated terms), were based on study data and available in full text. Extracted data were checked by a second researcher and the methodological quality was evaluated independently by two researchers using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. An iterative process of qualitatively coding, categorising and comparing data to examine recurring themes was applied. Results Seventy‐six studies met the inclusion criteria. Five themes were identified which showed the extent and nature of research in this area. Studies revealed the therapeutic relationship: (i) is valued within clinical dietetic practice, (ii) involves complex and multifactorial interactions, (iii) is perceived as having a positive influence, (iv) requires skills training and (v) is embedded in practice models and tools. Conclusion Studies show the therapeutic relationship is a valued and multifactorial component of clinical dietetic practice and is perceived to positively influence the client and dietitian. Observational data are needed to assess the extent to which the strength of the therapeutic relationship might contribute to clients' health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaliese Nagy
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne McMahon
- School of Health & Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Linda Tapsell
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Deane
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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Adherence to COVID-19 Nutrition Guidelines Is Associated with Better Nutritional Management Behaviors of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061918. [PMID: 34204893 PMCID: PMC8226761 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Good nutritional support is crucial for the immune system to fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, in the context of a pandemic with a highly transmissible coronavirus, implementation of nutrition practice may be difficult. A multicenter electronic survey involving 62 dieticians was conducted, in order to understand barriers associated with dieticians’ adherence to nutrition guidelines for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Indonesia. 69% of dieticians felt under stress when performing nutrition care, and 90% took supplements to boost their own immunity against the coronavirus. The concerns related to clinical practice included a lack of clear guidelines (74%), a lack of access to medical records (55%), inadequate experience or knowledge (48%), and a lack of self-efficacy/confidence (29%) in performing nutritional care. Half (52%) of the dieticians had performed nutrition education/counseling, 47% had monitored a patient’s body weight, and 76% had monitored a patient’s dietary intake. An adjusted linear regression showed that guideline adherence independently predicted the dieticians’ nutrition care behaviors of nutrition counselling (ß: 0.24 (0.002, 0.08); p = 0.04), and monitoring of body weight (ß: 0.43 (0.04, 0.11); p = 0.001) and dietary intake (ß: 0.47(0.03, 0.10); p = 0.001) of COVID-19 patients. Overall, adherence to COVID-19 nutrition guidelines is associated with better nutritional management behaviors in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
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Whitehead K, Parkin T. UK Dietitians' views on communication skills for behaviour change: A 10 year follow-up survey. J Hum Nutr Diet 2021; 35:112-123. [PMID: 33829553 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2007, a survey of UK dietitians identified that dietitians were positive about the use of Communication Skills for Behaviour Change (CSBC) in practice, although barriers to the implementation of skills were acknowledged. This follow-up survey aimed to explore current perceptions of CSBC and compare them with the previous survey. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey of British Dietetic Association (BDA) members' views of CSBC was undertaken. The results for full members are presented. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively. Qualitative data were subject to either content, or inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS A response rate of 9.4% (n = 729) was achieved. Respondents were predominately female (n = 684; 95.1%) and worked in the National Health Service (n = 634; 87.4%). They were positive about the importance of CSBC in practice (n = 714; 99.5%). Pre-registration training had been completed by 346 respondents (48.7%). Post-registration training had been undertaken by 520 (74.7%) respondents and 514 of these (99.6%) had implemented training into practice, with few barriers identified. Perception of ability to use skills had increased, with 513 (83.6%) respondents rating their skills as excellent/very good compared to 62% previously. The majority (n = 594; 93.7%) reported that post-registration training was necessary, with the need for skills to be regularly reviewed (n = 456; 74.5%), and 235 (51.9%) respondents suggested this be mandatory. By contrast, some suggested that a skill review was not a priority, and would be difficult to administer and stressful. CONCLUSIONS Perception of the importance of CSBC remains high. Although the perceived ability to apply CSBC has increased, the perceived need for post-registration training is high, with respondents' favouring mandatory training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Whitehead
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Tracey Parkin
- School of Health Professions, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Heruc G, Hart S, Stiles G, Fleming K, Casey A, Sutherland F, Jeffrey S, Roberton M, Hurst K. ANZAED practice and training standards for dietitians providing eating disorder treatment. J Eat Disord 2020; 8:77. [PMID: 33317617 PMCID: PMC7737344 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-020-00334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dietitians involved in eating disorder treatment are viewed as important members of the multidisciplinary team. However, the skills and knowledge that they require are not well characterised. Therefore, as part of a broader project to identify the key principles and clinical practice and training standards for mental health professionals and dietitians providing eating disorder treatment, the Australia & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders (ANZAED) sought to identify the key practice and training standards specific to dietitians. An expert working group of dietitians was convened to draft the initial dietetic standards. After expert review, feedback on the revised standards was then provided by 100 health professionals working within the eating disorder sector. This was collated into a revised version made available online for public consultation, with input received from treatment professionals, professional bodies and consumer/carer organisations. RECOMMENDATIONS Dietitians providing treatment to individuals with an eating disorder should follow ANZAED's general principles and clinical practice standards for mental health professionals and dietitians. In addition, they should also be competent in the present eating disorder-specific standards based around the core dietetic skills of screening, professional responsibility, assessment, nutrition diagnosis, intervention, monitoring and evaluation. CONCLUSIONS These standards provide guidance on the expectations of dietetic management to ensure the safe and effective treatment of individuals with an eating disorder. Implications for professional development content and training providers are discussed, as well as the importance of clinical supervision to support professional self-care and evidence-informed and safe practice for individuals with an eating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Heruc
- Executive Committee, Australia & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders, Sydney, Australia.
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia.
- Eating Disorder Service, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Susan Hart
- Nutrition and Dietetics, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Australia
- The Boden Collaboration of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Garalynne Stiles
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Anjanette Casey
- Centre for Psychotherapy, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Fiona Sutherland
- Executive Committee, Australia & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders, Sydney, Australia
- The Mindful Dietitian, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shane Jeffrey
- Executive Committee, Australia & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders, Sydney, Australia
- River Oak Health, Brisbane, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michelle Roberton
- Victorian Centre of Excellence in Eating Disorders, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kim Hurst
- Executive Committee, Australia & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders, Sydney, Australia
- Eating Disorder Service, Robina Private Hospital, Robina, Australia
- Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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7
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Notaras S, Smythe K, Mak M, Whitehead K. Implementation of a peer review program using the validated DIET‐COMMS tool to assess dietitians' communication skills in the workplace. Nutr Diet 2020; 78:324-332. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Notaras
- Department of Dietetics Liverpool Hospital Liverpool New South Wales Australia
- School of Medicine Western Sydney University Campbelltown New South Wales Australia
- Dietetics Department South Western Sydney Local Health District Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kylie Smythe
- Department of Dietetics Liverpool Hospital Liverpool New South Wales Australia
- Dietetics Department South Western Sydney Local Health District Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - May Mak
- Department of Dietetics Liverpool Hospital Liverpool New South Wales Australia
- Dietetics Department South Western Sydney Local Health District Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kirsten Whitehead
- Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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8
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Green C, Vandall-Walker V, Rysdale L, Stevens M, Feldmann H, Tymura S, Stojkovic K. You Can't Touch…or Can You? Dietitians' Perceptions of Expressive Touch in Client Encounters. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2020; 81:112-119. [PMID: 32072833 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2020-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: We explored Registered Dietitians' (RDs') perceptions about expressive touch (ET) as a means to provide client-centred care, a practice unreported to date. For this study, ET is defined as relatively spontaneous, responsive, and affective contact by dietitians. Methods: This exploratory study used an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach. RDs in Northern Ontario were surveyed (54% response, n = 135) and these results were further explored in interviews with a subset of participants (n = 17). Analysis included descriptive and association statistics and qualitative description. Results: Most RDs considered ET a useful tool for effective client communication (66%-77%), yet they were hesitant to enact the practice (81%). Analysis of interviews revealed ET to be "situationally beneficial" with uptake influenced by an interplay of factors, described as: perceived client openness to touch, the environment, and RD comfort with touch. Greater uptake was reported among RDs working with distressed clients and clients in ambulatory clinics and long-term care. ET practice was limited by personal safety concerns, unknown client customs, and client misinterpretation. Conclusion: ET was valued by many RDs as an enhancement to client-centred care. Selective use of ET is influenced by the context of dietetic practice and by perceived client and RD comfort with the use of ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Green
- Northern Ontario Dietetic Internship Program, Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON
| | | | - Lee Rysdale
- Northern Ontario Dietetic Internship Program, Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON
| | - Michelle Stevens
- Northern Ontario Dietetic Internship Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON
| | - Heather Feldmann
- Northern Ontario Dietetic Internship Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON
| | - Stacey Tymura
- Northern Ontario Dietetic Internship Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON
| | - Kelsey Stojkovic
- Northern Ontario Dietetic Internship Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON
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9
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Knight A, Baldwin C, Reidlinger DP, Whelan K. Communication skills teaching for student dietitians using experiential learning and simulated patients. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 33:601-613. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Knight
- Department of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London London UK
| | - C. Baldwin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London London UK
| | - D. P. Reidlinger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London London UK
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Robina QLD Australia
| | - K. Whelan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London London UK
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10
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Muirhead V, D'Antoni D, Auyeung V. Community pharmacy staff oral health training, training needs and professional self-efficacy related to managing children's dental problems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2020; 28:449-457. [PMID: 32342595 DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few studies have explored the oral health training needs and professional self-efficacy (PSE) in both pharmacy support staff and pharmacists related to managing children's dental problems. This study assessed community pharmacy staff perceptions of their (i) training experiences and interests; (ii) PSE; and (iii) whether this was influenced by the pharmacy being part of a minor ailment scheme (MAS), where staff could directly offer advice and issue prescription medications without patients seeing a doctor. METHODS All of the 1851 community pharmacies across London, UK, were invited to participate in an online questionnaire. Staff rated their prior training, perceived need for further training and confidence in giving parents advice related to three dental problems in children (dental pain, mouth ulcers and dental trauma). Information was collected about staff roles and whether the pharmacy was a MAS. KEY FINDINGS From 752 community pharmacies, 846 community pharmacy staff participated. Positive experiences of training were variable but interest in further training for all three dental problems was high. Pharmacy support staff had significantly lower PSE scores than pharmacy professionals (P = 0.009). A significant interaction showed that pharmacy staff who had poorly rated prior training on advising parents about managing their child's dental pain and who did not work in a MAS had lower PSE scores than staff who had highly rated training and who worked in a MAS (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Minor ailment scheme pharmacies may be an optimal environment for frontline pharmacy support staff to develop higher PSE when combined with good quality oral health training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Muirhead
- Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Donatella D'Antoni
- Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
| | - Vivian Auyeung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
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11
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Challenges and Perspectives in Nutritional Counselling and Nursing: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091489. [PMID: 31540531 PMCID: PMC6780101 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional counselling has been recognised as the first line approach in the management of numerous chronic diseases. Though usually carried out by dietitians, nutritional counselling may be used by nurses, or other healthcare professionals to improve nutritional status and meet healthcare goals. Healthcare professionals require training and education to facilitate a patient centred approach to effective counselling. Advances in digital technology have the potential to improve access to nutritional counselling for some patients such as those in primary care. However, caution is required to ensure that valuable interpersonal relationships are not lost, as these form the cornerstone of effective nutritional counselling. The aim of this narrative review is to explore aspects of effective nutritional counselling, including advances in e-counselling and areas where nursing input in nutritional counselling might enhance overall nutritional care.
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12
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Sheikhbardsiri H, Mousavi SH, Doustmohammadi MM, Karimi M, Salahi S. The effect of educational workshop on emergency department nurses' self-efficacy in patient training. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2019; 8:136. [PMID: 31463321 PMCID: PMC6691611 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_52_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Self-efficacy is an individual's self-perception of one's ability to perform competently and to achieve a task or goal effectively. In the nursing field, self-efficacy can be useful in predicting performance, job satisfaction, or well-being. Therefore, due to the importance of this issue, this study aimed to determine the effect of educational workshop on nurses' self-efficacy along with follow-up in patient training. METHODS The study employed a single group quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest design and was conducted in one educational hospital supervised by the Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Nurses' self-efficacy was analyzed through a researcher-made questionnaire prior and after the workshop and along with the follow-up period (n = 20). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation and analytic statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA with P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS This study showed that 1 month after educational workshop, the score of self-efficacy dimensions increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, results showed that after a 3-month follow-up period, self-efficacy score increased in comparison to preintervention self-efficacy score. Results showed that the total score means of self-efficacy before the workshop was 59.01 ± 14.91 while postworkshop, self-efficacy score means was 79.83 ± 11.90. CONCLUSION The present research results presented that educational workshop may enhance self-efficacy among nurses. According to the obtained results, it is recommended that the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Training, in cooperation with nursing institutions responsible for nursing and medical in-service education adopt necessary measures to enhance self-efficacy among employees in addition to improving patient training condition at medical processes through similar workshops or conducting related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjat Sheikhbardsiri
- Department of Emergency Operation Center (EOC), Disasters and Emergencies Management Center, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Syed Hossein Mousavi
- Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, Student Research Committee of School of Management and Medical Information, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Doustmohammadi
- Department of Emergency Operation Center (EOC), Disasters and Emergencies Management Center, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Karimi
- Department of Nursing, Kerman Islamic Azad University, Sirjan Branch, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Salahi
- Department of Nursing, Yasooj Islamic Azad University, Yasooj Branch, Yasooj, Iran
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13
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O'Connor R, Slater K, Ball L, Jones A, Mitchell L, Rollo ME, Williams LT. The tension between efficiency and effectiveness: a study of dietetic practice in primary care. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:259-266. [PMID: 30604495 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary healthcare dietitians have a vital role to play in the prevention and management of chronic disease. Working in primary care requires efficient and effective management of practice to ensure client and practitioner needs are met. The present study aimed to explore the way in which primary care dietitians in Australia view the constructs of efficiency and effectiveness within the context of their practice. METHODS The study used an exploratory qualitative design within a pragmatist framework. Individual semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with Australian primary care dietitians. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using an inductive thematic approach. RESULTS Twenty dietitians (17 females) working as private practitioners in primary care from three Australian states participated in the present study. Three themes emerged from the data. The first theme revealed that seeking efficiency and especially effectiveness were important to primary care dietitians and that there was a tension between the two. The second theme identified that efficiency and effectiveness are influenced by personal and structural factors. The final theme explored how dietitians are actively seeking ways to be more efficient and effective, including supportive networks, as well as the utilisation of technology. CONCLUSIONS Achieving a balance between efficiency and effectiveness in primary care dietetics is challenging to practitioners, who may require further training and support to enhance productivity, time management and resource utilisation. Structured issues exist for the workface. Further studies are required to quantify these findings and to explore whether it is possible to optimise efficiency and effectiveness and achieve sustainability of the dietetic workforce in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O'Connor
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Slater
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Ball
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Jones
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Mitchell
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - M E Rollo
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - L T Williams
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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14
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Notaras S, Conti J. A qualitative analysis of eating behaviour change for patients with diabetes and non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease stages 4-5. J Ren Care 2018; 44:219-228. [PMID: 30353696 DOI: 10.1111/jorc.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary changes recommended for chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4-5 and concurrent diabetes are difficult to follow given the multitude of food and fluid restrictions aimed at reducing the rate of CKD progression. Reduced adherence is commonplace and there is limited literature on patients' experiences with dietary changes and potential strategies to overcome this. OBJECTIVES Examine patients' experiences when adopting dietary changes recommended for CKD Stages 4-5 (pre-dialysis) and diabetes, and their perceptions of dietetic services and how they can be improved to assist them with dietary change. METHODS An exploratory qualitative study was undertaken using a purposive sampling method from a dietetic pre-dialysis clinic. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview style. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis from a constructivist perspective. RESULTS Three themes were identified: (1) Negative motivation to change eating behaviour to avoid dialysis; (2) sustaining motivation for change is challenging due to a sense of loss and confusion to incorporate the dietary changes recommended and (3) support is needed for eating behaviour change. CONCLUSION These findings have implications for dietitians to enhance their understanding of the patient experience and improve their skills in motivational counselling. Development of dietitian-specific communication and nutrition counselling programmes are recommended to equip dietitians with skills to better support patients. CKD Stage 3 nutrition education programmes could be beneficial to promote earlier access to dietetic services and dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Notaras
- Department of Dietetics, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janet Conti
- Western Sydney University, School of Social Sciences and Psychology, New South Wales, Australia
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Notaras S, Mak M, Wilson N. Advancing practice in dietitians’ communication and nutrition counselling skills: a workplace education program. J Hum Nutr Diet 2018; 31:725-733. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Notaras
- Department of Dietetics; Liverpool Hospital; Liverpool NSW Australia
| | - M. Mak
- Department of Dietetics; Liverpool Hospital; Liverpool NSW Australia
| | - N. Wilson
- Department of Dietetics; Liverpool Hospital; Liverpool NSW Australia
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Different settings, different approaches: a qualitative comparison of Portuguese dietitians' beliefs, attitudes and practices about obesity in public and private settings. Public Health Nutr 2017; 21:435-446. [PMID: 29081334 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017002543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With obesity being a major public health epidemic, dietitians are charged with the difficult task to assist clients in modifying their behaviours. Since there are inconsistent data about dietitians' beliefs, attitudes and practices concerning obesity and little is known concerning differences in public and private practice, we conducted the present study to address those gaps. DESIGN Semi-structured interviews analysed according to thematic analysis procedures. SETTING Public primary-care and private settings. SUBJECTS Seventeen Portuguese registered dietitians working in public primary-care (n 10) and private settings (n 7). RESULTS Regardless of work context, 'persistence of efforts' emerged as the main characteristic of dietitians' action. Besides holding negative attitudes towards obese patients, their practices are not negatively influenced. They perceive themselves as active agents in promoting lifestyle changes, offering as many management strategies as possible to empower patients, feeling positive about the accomplishment of a successful weight loss, believing in their own efficacy and competency in helping patients. However, differences in reimbursement, work environment, perceived barriers, patient characteristics and availability of resources seem to contribute to differences in persistence according to the setting in which dietitians are working, evidenced by an increase of efforts and engagement in private practice and a decrease in public primary-care practice. CONCLUSIONS Portuguese dietitians present a positive mindset and actions about obesity treatment outcomes; however, education in behaviour change strategies should be improved. The public health system requires reorganization to enhance effective obesity management delivery. Motivation driving dietitians' work in private settings should be addressed.
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Buttenshaw K, Shakespeare-Finch J, Ash S. A Methodological Review of Confidence Measurement Scales for Dietitians Working with Individuals. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 117:1396-1412. [PMID: 28606555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Confidence is frequently used to assess practitioner effectiveness, and its evaluation requires valid and reliable domain-specific tools. However, the quality of existing measures is unknown. This review identifies studies measuring dietitians' confidence in working with individuals; assesses psychometric (measurement) qualities of relevant tools; and identifies areas for future research. Seven electronic databases, the internet, and reference lists were searched to identify the development or use of relevant confidence measurement scales. A quality assessment of psychometric properties was conducted using guidelines developed by Terwee and colleagues. Of the 15 measures reviewed, 4 were subject to factor analysis. Overall, content validity was strong. However, many measures rated poorly due to lack of factor analysis, inadequate sampling, or poor reporting. Of the dietetics-specific instruments, the Dietetic Confidence Scale and Nutrition Counselling Self-Efficacy Scale received the best ratings. The General Self-Efficacy Subscale also rated highly due to validation with the general population. This article highlights the need for dietitians to incorporate evidence-based methods into practice evaluation and instrument development. Dietitians need an awareness of the terminology and key criteria used to evaluate instrument quality to effectively collaborate with statisticians and scale development experts, and critically evaluate the quality of existing measures. Future scale development and reporting must incorporate psychometric evaluation, such as factor analysis, which should be used to explore and/or confirm scale dimensionality. There is broad scope for future methodological research with existing and new measures for nutrition and dietetics practitioners.
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Buttenshaw K, Ash S, Shakespeare-Finch J. Development and validation of the Dietetic Confidence Scale for working with clients experiencing psychological issues. Nutr Diet 2016; 74:36-45. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerryn Buttenshaw
- School of Psychology and Counselling; Queensland University of Technology (QUT)/Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Susan Ash
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health; Queensland University of Technology (QUT)/Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Jane Shakespeare-Finch
- School of Psychology and Counselling; Queensland University of Technology (QUT)/Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation; Brisbane Queensland Australia
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Taylor LM, Moriartey S, Stadnyk J, Basualdo-Hammond C. Assessment of Registered Dietitians' Beliefs and Practices for a Nutrition Counselling Approach. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2016; 77:140-7. [PMID: 27182954 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2016-004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study describes registered dietitians' (RDs) perceptions and use of a nutrition counselling approach (NCA) as defined by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Nutrition Care Process terminology (NCPT). METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was administered to approximately 500 RDs in Alberta, Canada. Items included demographics, job characteristics, perceived knowledge, competence, use of an NCA, training experience, and theory of planned behaviour salient beliefs. Descriptive analyses compared RDs who counselled "all or most" of their clients with those who counselled "some or none." Salient beliefs were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS Of the 349 RDs who completed the survey, 64.2% provided an NCA to "all or most" of their patients. RDs were supportive of using an NCA (mean = 8.7/10, SD = 1.9) and most RDs (84.5%) had received training on an NCA. Salient beliefs included advantages (e.g., improved behaviour change in patients) and disadvantages (e.g., inadequate time). Normative referents included colleagues (e.g., multidisciplinary team), managers, patients/clients, College of RDs of Alberta, and counsellors. The barriers and enablers were related to patients' situations, infrastructure, and RD supports. CONCLUSIONS These results may enable decision makers to more effectively design and target training and implementation programs to improve RDs' NCA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janet Stadnyk
- a Alberta Health Services, Nutrition Services, Edmonton, AB
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Milosavljevic M, Noble G. Burnout levels among dietitians working in the New South Wales public hospital system: A cross-sectional statewide survey. Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Milosavljevic
- Clinical Nutrition Services; Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District; Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Gary Noble
- Sydney Business School; University of Wollongong; Wollongong New South Wales Australia
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21
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Abstract
The need to support people to change diet-related behaviour is widely advocated and how to do this effectively in practice is an expanding area of research. Important factors to consider are how healthcare practitioners communicate with their patients and how that communication may affect diet-related behaviour change and subsequent outcomes. The aim of the present paper is to discuss communication skills for behaviour change (CSBC), focusing predominantly on registered dietitians who are required to communicate effectively and have an important role in supporting patients to change diet-related behaviour. The views of dietitians in relation to CSBC have been investigated and respondents have consistently reported that they perceive these skills to be of vital importance in practice. Patient views have reiterated the importance of good CSBC in one-to-one consultations. However, pre-qualification training of dietitians is thought to deliver practitioners who are competent at a minimum level. The need for ongoing continuous professional development (CPD) in relation to CSBC has been recognised but currently most CPD focuses on updating knowledge rather than improving these essential skills. Measuring CSBC in a consistent and objective manner is difficult and an assessment tool, DIET-COMMS, has been developed and validated for this purpose. DIET-COMMS can be used to support CSBC development, but concerns about logistical challenges and acceptability of implementing this in practice have been raised. Although a suitable assessment tool now exists there is a need to develop ways to facilitate assessment of CSBC in practice.
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Vaillancourt H, Légaré F, Gagnon MP, Lapointe A, Deschênes SM, Desroches S. Exploration of shared decision-making processes among dieticians and patients during a consultation for the nutritional treatment of dyslipidaemia. Health Expect 2014; 18:2764-75. [PMID: 25135143 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shared decision making (SDM) holds great potential for improving the therapeutic efficiency and quality of nutritional treatment of dyslipidaemia by promoting patient involvement in decision making. Adoption of specific behaviours fostering SDM during consultations has yet to be studied in routine dietetic practice. OBJECTIVE Using a cross-sectional study design, we aimed to explore both dieticians' and patients' adoption of SDM behaviours in dietetic consultations regarding the nutritional treatment of dyslipidaemia. METHODS Twenty-six dieticians working in local health clinics in the Quebec City metropolitan area were each asked to identify one dyslipidaemic patient they would see in an upcoming consultation. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), questionnaires were designed to study two targeted SDM behaviours: 'to discuss nutritional treatment options for dyslipidaemia' and 'to discuss patients' values and preferences about nutritional treatment options for dyslipidaemia'. These questionnaires were administered to the dietician-patient dyad individually before the consultation. Associations between TPB constructs (attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control) towards behavioural intentions were analysed using Spearman's partial correlations. RESULTS Thirteen unique patient-dietician dyads completed the study. Perceived behavioural control was the only TPB construct significantly associated with both dieticians' and patients' intentions to adopt the targeted SDM behaviours (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS As perceived behavioural control seems to determine dieticians' and patients' adoption of SDM behaviours, interventions addressing barriers and reinforcing enablers of these behaviours are indicated. This exploratory study highlights issues that could be addressed in future research endeavours to expand the knowledge base relating to SDM adoption in dietetic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Vaillancourt
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - France Légaré
- CHUQ Research Center (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Hôpital St-François-d'Assise), Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Gagnon
- CHUQ Research Center (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Hôpital St-François-d'Assise), Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Nursing, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Lapointe
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah-Maude Deschênes
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Desroches
- Institute on Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,CHUQ Research Center (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Hôpital St-François-d'Assise), Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Endevelt R, Gesser-Edelsburg A. A qualitative study of adherence to nutritional treatment: perspectives of patients and dietitians. Patient Prefer Adherence 2014; 8:147-54. [PMID: 24523580 PMCID: PMC3920924 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s54799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective interaction between care providers and patients is crucial for the success of most medical treatments; in nutritional medical treatment, it is of paramount importance. The aim of the present study was to ascertain the role of the dietitian-patient relationship and the counseling approach in influencing individual patient decisions to adhere to counseling by persisting with nutritional treatment. METHODS We conducted focus groups with two types of patients, namely, those who had consulted dietitians only once and those who had attended at least three appointments. We divided these two groups into 12 focus groups. In addition, in-depth interviews were held with 17 clinical dietitians. Our qualitative research was based on the perceptions of patients and dietitians. RESULTS When the encounter between the dietitian and the patient followed the standard educational and informative approach, both the short-term nature of the interaction and the absence of an individualized therapeutic program discouraged patients from persisting with treatment. In contrast, the counseling and therapeutic nutritional approach promoted nutritional guidance through broader behavioral and lifestyle therapies. This approach appears more appropriate for chronically ill patients. The dietitians and some of the patients understand that the profession is changing from the informative and educational approach to a therapeutic counseling approach, but it is difficult for them to adapt to the new model. CONCLUSION Most patients appear to want individualized, not standardized, treatment. In order to change patients' eating patterns, dietitians must adopt a more therapeutic approach and relate to patients' cultural needs and desires to achieve sustainable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Endevelt
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel
- Correspondence: Ronit Endevelt, School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel, Tel +972 4 828 8675, Fax +972 4 828 8637, Email
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Hancock REE, Bonner G, Hollingdale R, Madden AM. 'If you listen to me properly, I feel good': a qualitative examination of patient experiences of dietetic consultations. J Hum Nutr Diet 2012; 25:275-84. [PMID: 22487006 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2012.01244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable interest in healthcare research regarding communication skills and some debate surrounding the effectiveness of a patient-centred approach to care. Understanding patient experiences of consultations can help indicate how consultations can be modified to improve effectiveness. At present, there is little research exploring patient experience of dietetic consultations. The present study aimed to achieve a better understanding of patients' experiences of dietetic consultations using qualitative analysis. METHODS Patients undergoing consultations with a dietitian were invited to discuss their experience of the consultation with a research dietitian who was not involved in their care. Individual interviews and focus groups were conducted and analysed using the Framework approach. RESULTS Seventeen patients participated and described their experiences of consultations, which were varied and influenced by factors such as information given (resources, explanation, repetition, consistency); their dietitian's approach (prescriptive or nonprescriptive, use of behaviour change skills), behaviour (listening skills, body language) and appointment (expectations, involvement of the multidisciplinary team, length of time); and their own internal experience (confidence, guilt, frustration). Patients agreed that certain factors, such as good communication and rapport, receiving effective and reliable information and resources, and nonjudgmental, regular support, were important factors in creating a positive experience of their consultation. However, they differed in what they believed constituted these factors. CONCLUSIONS Patients like dietitians to adopt a patient-centred approach, which might be either patient- or practitioner-led, and to take account of what they wanted from consultations, adapting these to meet their individual requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E E Hancock
- School of Health and Emergency Professions, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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